qarTveluri memkvidreoba (akaki wereTlis saxelmwifo

universitetis qarTveluri dialeqtologiis samecniero-kvleviTi

institutis perioduli samecniero Jurnali) tomi XII, gv., 216-223

nora nikolaZe

Tqmuleba-gadmocemebi
(Terjolis raionis soflebis - Cxarisa da
axali Terjolis mkvidrTa gvarebis Sesaxeb)

gamoCenili mwerali da sazogado moRvawe akaki wereTeli yuradRebas

amaxvilebda qarTuli gvarebis warmoSobasa da maT Sesaxeb Tqmuleba-
gadmocemebze. publicistur werilSi `rogor unda SevkriboT
zepirgadmonacemebi?" akaki aRniSnavs: `arCeulma pirebma unda agviweron ra
gvaris kacebi cxovroben ama da am sofelSi, an ra Tqmulobaa darCenili
maTSi imaT Zvelebze" (a. wereTeli, 1961 gv. 177).
werilobiTi wyaroebiT irkveva, rom uZvelesi qalaqi `Cxari" savaWro
administraciuli centri yofila da savaWro-saqaravno gza "Zevr-Cxar-
skandaze" gadioda. es daniSnuleba am mxares arc antikur periodSi da
arc Semdeg, XVI-XVII saukuneebSi daukargavs. am mxriv Cxaris saxeli
imdenad cnobili da popularuli yofila, rom misi zegavleniT mTel
mxares (Terjolis raions) `Cxaris qveyanas" uwodebdnen.
rac Seexeba axal Terjolas, es saxeli mas sabWoTa wyobilebis
damyarebis Semdeg daerqva. adre ki mwuxarela erqva.
soflis mkvidris, 82 wlis daviT abJandaZis gadmocemiT: rodesac am
mxares TaTrebi Semoesia, maT gaaveranes yvelaferi, ar zogavdnen arc kacs,
arc qals, arc patara bavSvebs, gansakuTrebiT vaJebs. vinc gadarCa, klde-
Rres Seexizna. xalxi damwuxrda, SavebiT Seimosa da amitom daarqves
`mwuxarela".
istoriuli faqtebiT dasturdeba, rom am kuTxesac uwvnia murvan-
yrus, Temur-lengisa da sxvaTa sisxliani Tavdasxmebi. amas Tan erTvoda
mkacri Sinafeodaluri omebi. qarTlis cxovrebaSi da sxva istoriul
wyaroebSi aRniSnulia, rom XVI-XVII saukuneebSi, sul mcire 40 wlis
manZilze (1660-1700 ww.) imereTSi Cvidmetjer gadaagdes taxtidan mefe.
amaTgan 4 mokles, xolo 13 gaaZeves. Sinafeodalur omTa msaxvrali xeli
Seexo Sua imereTis am mSvenier mxaresac, gansakuTrebiT qalaqebs: `Cxars",
`skandes", `Cixors". yovelive zemoTqmuli, aseve socialuri
dapirispirebani da sxvadasxva ram, gamxdara mizezi aqaur qarTvelTa
migraciisa, gvaris Secvlisa, romelic aisaxa istoriul Tu folklorul
masalebSi.
`gvari, didi socialuri erTobis aRmniSvneli saxeli, erT-erTi
eWvSeutaneli da tevadi wyaroa saqarTvelos istoriis Seswavlis saqmeSi.
igi gvamcnobs qarTvelTa cxovrebis istorias, maTi cxovrebis Sinaarssa da
formebs, gvawvdis masalas qarTvelTa urTierTobebze sxva erovnebisa da
konfesiis eTnosTan; vecnobiT saqarTveloSi momxdar sazogadoebriv,
ekonomiur da socialur-kulturul cvlilebebs; vadgenT sxvadasxva
mizezTa gamo Sepirobebul migraciis mizezebs da mimarTulebebs, yofiT
maxasiaTeblebs, romlebic iqmneboda saqarTvelos sxvadasxva Temis mkvidrTa
urTierTobebis dros" (d. SavianiZe, 2007, gv. 3).
Cxarsa da axal TerjolaSi amJamad mkvidr mosaxleobas Seadgenen
abulaZeebi, fanCuliZeebi, diakoniZeebi, bucxrikiZeebi, grZeliZeebi,
verulaSvilebi, niSnianiZeebi, robaqiZeebi, saxelaSvilebi, SoTaZeebi,
SeyilaZeebi, yvavaZeebi, ZiZiSvilebi, jiSiaSvilebi, gogiaSvilebi,
nikolaZeebi, gabriWiZeebi, deviZeebi, patariZeebi, arabiZeebi, fifinaSvilebi,
xaraziSvilebi, kaWkaWiSvilebi, sirbilaZeebi, gewaZeebi, qaSakaSvilebi,
yifianebi, gurulebi, tabataZeebi, CitiZeebi, cxadaZeebi, gafrindaSvilebi
da sxvebi.
bunebrivia, gvarTa simravlis gamo, maTze Tqmuleba-gadmocemebs da
istoriul wyaroebs am patara publikaciaSi ver ganvixilavT. unda
SevniSnoT isic, rom zog maTganze Tqmuleba-gadmocema arc arsebobs. am
mxriv Cven mxolod ramdenime gvar-saxelze SevCerdebiT.
abJandaZe: 79 wlis melenti abJandaZe gadmogvcems: `Cveni winaprebi
Camosaxlebuli yofilan derbendidan XI saukuneSi. qistebi yofilan da aq
miuRiaT qristianoba. roca daviT mefe quTeisTan gelaTis monasters
aSenebda, Turme gelaTis gumbaTis erTi didi qva marto mas outania,
iqidan Camovardnila da damtvreula. mis gadarCenas Turme aravin ambobda.
mere viRacas uTqvams, ama da am adgilze aris erTi kai eqimbaSio. vezirebs
iSxnelsa da kvinixiZes faitoniT Camouyvania es kaci da misi coli, Cveni
winaprebi, romlebsac irmis jogi, fur-iremi yoliaT moSenebuli. is Turme
mefes irmis rZeSi da racxa balax-bulaxebSi banda, pirSi bambiT racxa
nayens awveTebda da mesame dRes Turme fexzec dauyenebia. mefes uboZebia
saxelmwifo wodeba _ aznouriSviloba. adgilebi: CrdiloeTiT _
`winwkila", samxreTiT _ `Colaburi", dasavleTiT `Zeruli" da
aRmosavleTiT mdinare `Zusa". uflebaSi miucia sayane, sabalaxe adgilebi
da dasaxlebula Cxaris maxloblaT. mefis wyalobiT da Tavisi ganTqmuli
eqimbaSobiT gamdidrebula. sasaxlec ouSenebia. xSiraT ambobda Turme:
aRmaSenebelma mec amaSena, gavmdidrdi da avSendio da daarqves avSandaZe.
misi cxovreba SeSurebiaT. sasaxlisTvis cecxli woukidebiaT, avaTmyofTan
ro yofila wasuli. cota rame gadourCeniaT, maT Soris is wodebis
sigeli, romelsac gverdebi qonia momwvari. is axlac inaxeba TfilisSi.
yvelaferi es momiyva babuaCemis mamam".
gadmocemas adasturebs Tbilisis eTnografiul muzeumSi daculi d.
aRmaSeneblisagan gerbdasmuli wodebis mimniWebeli sigeli. aseve, msgavsi
gadmocema gamouyenebia l. sanikiZes `uqarqaSo xmlebSi" (l. sanikiZe, 1990,
gv. 388).
SoTaZis gvaris Sesaxeb saintereso Tqmuleba arsebobs:
"roca Cven qveyanas monRolebi Semoesivnen, maTTan sabrZolvelad da
gasadevnad quTaisidan gamoemarTa saqarTvelos mefis laSqari, romelsac
win uZRodaT erisTavebi da SoTa rusTaveli. SoTas xelSi Weria mewinave
bagratianTa droSa da TvalmargalitiT, oqroTi movarayebuli jvris Zeli.
es droSa da Zeli ager aqamdis inaxeboda `Cxaris wminda giorgis
eklesiaSi". im adgilas iyo dasvenebuli, sadac imereTis mefis Svilis
saflavia. sabWoTa wyobilebis damyarebis mere gaqra. SoTas Tan axlda
Turme momxiblavi qali, romelsac brZolis dros am droSas da jvars
gadascemda Turme. es qali raRaca mizeziT Semdeg fexmZime miutovebia, ar
SeurTavs. qali `Cxaris" bolos, iSxnelebi rom saxloben, iq dasaxlebula,
vaJi SeZenia, romelsac SoTas-Zes eZaxoden. adre Turme didebuliZeebi
vyofilvarT, xaSuridan, sofel `atocidan" da Cveni winapari jalaledini
rom Semoseula aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, iqidan gamoqceula dasavleTSi.
`CxarSi" vaWari naTesavi yolia da imas Sekedlebia" (mTqmeli biqtor
SoTaZe, 87 wlis).
`fersaTeli" SoTaZeebis gadmocemiT, `CxarSi yofila viRac dekanozi
SoTa, romelsac xotba Seusxams Tamar mefisaTvis da amis gamo uwodebiaT
maTTvis SoTaZeebi". msgavsi gadmocema daumowmebia ilia maisuraZes
borjomis sofel `sadgerSi" mcxovreb SoTaZeebSi (i. maisuraZe, 1990, gv.
194. ix. agreTve: d. SavianiZe, 2007, gv. 39). SoTaZeebis Zvelidan
memkvidreobis dasturia am adgilas anTropotoponimebi: `SoTaZis wyaro",
`SoTaZeebis gora", `SoTaZeebis mindori".
abulaZe: `babuaCemi ityoda, rom TaTrianobis dros TaTari abdul-
oRli aRar dabrunebula Tavis qveyanaSi. aq darCenila. mis STamomavlebs
abulaZeebi qvia (nina abulaZe, 80 wlis).
p. cxadaias azriT, `abulaZe sakuTari saxelisagan _ `abula" aris
nawarmoebi. es gvarsaxeli 2000 wlisaTvis saqarTveloSi sulTa raodenobis
mixedviT meaTe adgilzea, imereTSi ki meTeqvsmeteze" (p. cxadaia, 2000, gv.
24, 30). g. boWoriZe aRniSnavs, rom `abulaZeebi sofel udes mahmadian
gvarTa Soris moixsenebian" (g. boWoriZe, 1999, gv. 67). Cveni SexedulebiT,
abulaZe tradiciuli qarTuli gvaria.
bucxrikiZe: `Cveni gvari adre oqrocvariZe yofila, TavadiSvilebi
vyofilvarT. aseTi gadmocema gvaqvs. Tavads Turme Tavisi Teqvsmeti wlis
vaJiSvili sanadirod wauyvania. daniZlavebulan, vin ramden frinvels
moklavda da cal-calke dauwyiaT nadiroba. saRamos, saxlSi roca
dabrunden da dauTvliaT nanadirebi, mis vaJiSvils meti yolia mokluli,
magram am nanadirebidan cxra bu da xuTi Woti aRmoCenila. Tavads da mis
ymebs sicili autexiaT. erTs uTqvams: oqrocvariZe ki ara bu-cxras -ki-Ze
da bu-Woti-Svili xaro da aqedan daerqva bucxrikiZe da boWoriSvili"
(mTqmeli gervasi bucxrikiZe, 87 wlis).
sayuradReboa, rom samecniero literaturaSi miTiTebulia
boWoriSvilebis adrindeli gvari _ oqrocvariZe (g. boWoriZe, 1994, gv.
292).
verulaSvilebis gvaris Sesaxeb mogviTxrobs 78 wlis Tamar
verulaSvili: `sami Tu oTxi saukunis win imereTSi ispanka Wirma
imsxverpla Turme bevri adamiani. axalgazrda col-qmari erT dRes mokla.
maT Svidi Svili yavdaT. aqedan oTxi erT kviraSi daxoca. darCa 3 Zma;
ori-ufrosi, erTi umcrosi, ZuZumwovara... ufrosi Zmebi imis SiSiT, rom
saxadi Cvenc ar Segvxvdeso, afxazeTSi gaqceulan. iq dasaxlebulan,
dacolSvilebulan da aqeT piri aRar uqniaT. sul patara, oblad
darCenili ki qaquCa bucxrikiZes gauzrdia. mezoblebi da keTil-naTesavebi
im gaqceul Zmebze ambobdnen: `ise rava gavelurden, rom Zmac ar
meikiTxeso da deerqva es gvari _ verulaSvili" (veluraSvili >
verulaSvili. _ n.n.).
istoriuli cnobebiT dasturdeba, rom 1568 wels imereTSi didi Jami
- Savi Wiri yofila. `yofila didi SimSilic, qveyana ukacrielad iyo
darCenili" (T. Jordania, 1892 gv. 441). amas win uZRoda jer Temur lengis
(me-15, me-16 ss.), xolo Semdeg osmalTa da iranelTa ganuwyveteli TareSi
(me-16, me-18 ss.). yovelive aman mosaxleobis ricxvi aq sagrZnoblad
Seamcira. marto am ukurnebelma senma (Wirma) 1811 wels imereTSi Seiwira
52750 kaci. n. janaSias SexedulebiT, `qarTvel xalxSi am periodidan unda
iyos Semosuli xmarebaSi sityvebi: `partaxti", `nasoflari", `naqalaqevi",
`namosaxli", `nafuZari" da sxvani" (saqarTvelos istoria, 1946, gv. 284).
frangi mogzauri Sardeni gadmogvcems, rom me-18 saukuneSi `CxarSi" 59
komliRa iyo. amis momswre niko dadiani wers: `welsa amas 1811-s gaCnda
imereTsa Sina, odiSsa da guriasa saSineli momsvreli seni (e.i. Jami) da
amasTan saSineli da sakvirveli siymili, romel uTvalavni moisrnen da
mravali ganibnen, kninRa da Sua gaiyo yovelni qveyanani ese zemoT
xsenebuli da mravali warviden afxazeTad, vinaTgan afxazeTsa Sin ara iyo
welsa mas siymili da arca igi momsvreli seni, da gangrZelda eseviTari
risxva RvTisa orsa welsa da Semdgomad gardvda". istoriuli masalebisa
da zemoTqmuli gadmocemis garda, realobas ar unda iyos moklebuli
axal TerjolaSi mkvidri mixeil abJandaZis naambobi, romelic Tavisi
papisgan mousmenia: `im adgilas, sadac verulaSvilebis winaprebi
saxlobdnen, cxovrobdnen agreTve daTiaSvilebi, saraliZeebi da
abJandaZeebi. Wirs 70 suli adamiani gauwyvetia. im dros sami weli
saSineli gvalva yofila, miwa ise gamxmari yofila, rom sasaflaoebi ver
gauWriaT. micvalebulebi wyarosTan axlos daumarxavT. wylis saSualebiT
albobdnen Turme miwas da ise Wridnen samareebs. 1937 wels, rodesac
biZaCemi, melenti abJandaZe saxlis saZirkvels Wrida, am adgilze mravali
ConCxi aRmoCenila, maT Soris patara bavSvebis".
robaqiZeebis gvari amave raionis, sofel `gognidan" gadmosula da
`axalTerjolaSi" damkvidrebula. 85 wlis Salva robaqiZe gadmogvcems:
`Cven adre sxva gvari vyofilvarT. Cveni salocavi isev aris gognSi _
`karugdebelaSi". aq batonis _ daTa mesxis ymebi vyofilvarT. aseTi rame
momismenia babuaCemidan: batons Turme stumrebi yavda da nardaobden.
batonma Sinamosamsaxure qalebs ubrZana, Cqara vaxSami gaamzadeTo, xolo
Cven winapar mamakacs ki, romelic isliT Tavis qoxs xuravda, qvemodan
asZaxa: axlave Camodi, Wuridan Rvino ameiRe da dagvisxio! is iyo
Ramdeboda, glexma Txova, cota xans macale, ukve vamTavreb gadaxurvaso.
batoni gabrazda, lanZRva-gineba douwyo, CameeTrie, Tu ara me vici, rasac
gizamo! rom baqiob, Camoval da mand gamoCTeba Seni vaSkacobao! _
upasuxa Turme glexma da gaagrZela muSaoba. batoni wevida, meitana didi
eklis joxi, meepara glexs uknidan da rac Zali da Rone qonda rtymeva
douwyo. glexi gamwarda, staca batons xeli, gadmoagdo kibidan, TviTonac
gadmoxta da sikvdilamde waldis yuiT scema. amis Semdeg iq aRar
edgomeboda. miatova iqauroba da sairmis gavliT gadevida aspinZaSi. iq
gaatara Tavisi sicocxlis wlebi. mis STamomavlobisaTvis amitom
dourqmeviaT `rombaqiaZe" _ robaqiZe.
istoriul sabuTebSi axal TerjolaSi (mwuxarelaSi) mkvidri
robaqiZeebi mesxis sabatono glexebad moixsenebian (ix. m. kezevaZe, 2004, gv.
111).
niSnianiZeebis gvaris Sesaxeb aseTi gadmocema CaviwereT: maTi
winapari, romelic sxva gvars atarebda, tyibulis raionis sofel naZvadan
yofila da saxelad daTika rqmevia. daTikasaTvis sacoled qali uCvenebiaT,
romelic Zalian lamazi yofila. dauniSnavs kidec. qorwilis dros qali
SeucvliaT. lamazi qalis magivrad maxinji undodaT SeeCeCebiaT. daTikas
qali niSnianad miutovebia. qalis mamas vin ar miugzavnia, sasiZosaTvis
oqro-vercxlic SeuTavazebia (rom wixli ar deekra misi ojaxisaTvis),
magram sasiZo verafriT gadmoubirebiaT. Turme gaiZaxoda: meti ra undaT,
niSani xom dautoveo! da imis Semdeg niSnianiZe Searqves. daTika Zalian
Tavmoyvare, vaJkaci da momlxeni kaci yofila. aseTi simRera scodnia:
arc aravis yma vyofilvar,
arc aravin ymad myolia,
Zveli Rvino, Zveli puri
wlis wlobamdi gamyolia.
daTikas Semdeg marTlac lamazi da saTno coli SeurTavs. misi
ufrosi vaJi sasuliero wris warmomadgeneli yofila, jer sofel
`kursebSi", Semdeg ki gelaTSi dekanozad gaumwesebiaT (mTqmeli iona
niSnianiZe, 78 wlis).
melqisedek gaenaTelis mier 1548 wels ivane cirRilaZisadmi
micemul wyalobis wignSi mowmed ixseneba kursebis dekanozi moWiva daviTis
Ze niSnianiZe (qsZ, 1970, gv. 262). SesaZlebelia, igi daTikas vaJi iyos.
yifianis gvari sofel axal TerjolaSi raWidan aris migrirebuli.
raWaSi ki maTi winapari svaneTidan Camosula. vaxtang yifianis gadmocemiT,
rodesac raWis erisTavs omSi daxmareba daWirda, svaneTis mTavarma
dasaxmareblad gamougzavna Tormeti kaci. erisTavma icotava da gabrazda.
erTma dabali tanis ymawvilma uTxra: jer gamogvcadeT da mere
gagvlanZReTo. marTlac, meomrebma brZolaSi Tavi gamoiCines;
gansakuTrebiT am dabali tanis Wabukma. gaxarebulma erisTavma gadakocna
omidan dabrunebuli vaJkaci, romelmac gamarjvebis ambavi moutana mas.
raWis erisTavma uTxra: marTlac rom myife, udreki yofilxaro da
daerqva `myifiani" (yifiani). raWis erisTavs misTvis Tavadaznauroba
uboZebia.
gvarsaxels safuZvlad unda edos sakuTari saxeli `yifi". sulxan-
saba orbelianis ganmartebiT, `yifi" amays niSnavs (sulxan-saba, 1993).
raWaSi, xvanWkarel yifianebSi Semonaxulia gadmocema maTi winapris
svaneTidan gadmosaxlebis Sesaxeb: `yifiani win uZRoda Turme ocdaaTkacian
razms. razmelebi winamZRolTan ZmadSeficuli WarbaZeebi yofilan. yifiani
Tavisi amaliT raWis erisTavs xlebia da TavSesafari uTxovia. am dros
imereTis mefisagan malemsrboli mosula: mteri Semomesia da jari
momaSveleTo. yifians erisTavisaTvis miumarTavs: aTi kaci damimate da
saomrad Cemi razmiT wavalo. erisTavs xiznis Txovna daukmayofilebia.
roca imereTis mefes ase cota meomrebi uxilavs, gabrazebula: _ Tqvens
batons xom ar egona qorwilSi vpatiJebdio? _ augi omis Semdeg
brZaneTo! _ Sehkadra Turme pasuxad yifianma. marTlac, brZolaSi
yifianis mamacobis wyalobiT gaumarjviaT, risTvisac mefes Seuqia,
jildod ki Tavadoba da samflobelo uboZebia" (l. fruiZe, 1974, gv. 228).
am mxareSi Tqmulebis ufro gavrcelebuli variantiT, `sisxlis
maZiebelTagan devnili oTxi Zma yifiani svaneTidan raWas gaqceula.
`xvanWkaraSi" mefes unaxavs axalgazrda yifiani, romelsac xelmwifis
sapativcemulod gamarTul yabaxsa da jiriTze didi simarjve da siCauqe
gamouCenia. mefe metadre mSvildosnobiT mouxiblavs. cal fexs aikauWebda
Turme da isars ise styorcnida, cidan frinvels agdebda, kacs wamwams
swyvetda. _ ra giboZoo? _ hkiTxa mbrZanebelma. _ mets aras gTxov, cixe
momecio. guluxvma mefem `xvanWkaris cixe", miwa-wyalic uboZa da
Tavadobac daumtkica" (iqve, gv. 230).
cnobilia, rom raWaSi mcxovrebi yifianebi ganTqmuli iyvnen
meRvineobiT. me-19 saukunis 70-ian wlebSi `yifianis Rvinom" ara marto
saqarTveloSi gaiTqva saxeli, aramed sazRvargareTac, kerZod parizSi.
mxcovani mTxroblebi meRvineobiT dainteresebul yifianTagan konstantines
da qaixosros asaxeleben, Semdeg maTi saqmianoba gaugrZelebia luarsab da
dimitri yifianebs" (iqve).
axal TerjolaSi mcxovrebi pirveli Tqmulebis avtori _ vaxtang
yifiani da misi mama geronti yifiani cnobili meRvineebi, Rvinis dayenebis
didostatebi gaxlavT. es faqtic dasturia imisa, rom am kuTxis mkvidri
yifianebi, romlebic, Tqmuleba-gadmocemebis mixedviT, warmoSobiT raWidan
arian, dResac ar Ralatoben memkvidreobiT gadmocemul tradicias _
meRvineobas.
rogorc warmodgenili masalebidan Cans, Terjolis raionis soflebis
- Cxarisa da axali Terjolis mkvidrTa gvarebze Tqmuleba-gadmocemebSi
naTlad aris asaxuli am kuTxis mcxovrebTa istoriul-eTnografiuli
yofa, Sidamigraciuli mizezebi, qarTvelTa socia-luri da
politikuri cxovrebis amsaxveli faqtebi, wesebi, rac mravalmxriv
sayuradReboa qarTuli folkloristikisa da istoriografiisaTvis.

damowmebuli literatura

g. boWoriZe, 1994 - g. boWoriZe, raWa-leCxumis istoriuli Zeglebi da

siZveleebi, Tb., 1994.
m. kezevaZe, 2004 - m. kezevaZe, qarTuli gvarsaxelebi imereTSi,
quTaisi, 2004.
 i. maisuraZe, 1990 - i. maisuraZe, qarTuli gvarsaxelebi, Tb., 1990.
T. oCiauri, 1959 - T. oCiauri, zogierTi xalxuri gadmocemis Sesaxeb:
masalebi saqarTvelos eTnografiisaTvis, t. X, 1959.
T. Jordania, 1892 - T. Jordania, qronikebi, II, Tb., 1892
l. sanikiZe, 1990 - l. sanikiZe, uqarqaSo xmlebi, I gamocema, Tb., 1990.
saqarTvelos istoria, s. janaSias redaqciiT, Tb., 1962.
saqarTvelos toponomia, Tb., 2003.
l. fruiZe, 1974 - l. fruiZe, mevenaxeoba da meRvineoba saqarTveloSi
eTnografiuli masalebis mixedviT, wigni I, Tb., 1974.
qsZ, 1970 - qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. II, Tb., 1970.
d. SavianiZe, 2007 - d. SavianiZe, qarTuli gvarsaxelebi, quTaisi, 2007.
m. Ciqovani, v. macaberiZe, 1964 - xalxuri sityviereba, t. IV,
Tqmulebebi da legendebi. literatura da xelovneba, Tb., 1964.
p. cxadaia, 2006 - p. cxadaia, gvarebi da gvarTa dasaxelebani
samegreloSi, Tb., 2006.
a. wereTeli, 1961 - a. wereTeli, rogor unda SevkriboT
zepirgadmocemebi? TxzulebaTa sruli krebuli 15 tomad, t. 11, Tb., 1961.

NORA NIKOLADZE

STORIES OF ORAL TRADITIONS ABOUT THE FAMILY

NAMES OF RESIDENTS OF THE VILLAGES OF CHKARI
AND AKHALI TERJOLA (Terjola region)

Tales of oral traditions abound in every locality of the Georgian provinces that
represent one of the treasures of its people. Terjola region is distinguished with
multitudes of folklore materials. Even to these days one can find villagers whose
memories retain narrations of various genres of the oral traditions, among them are the
stories about the local family names.
The paper discusses stories of oral traditions concerning to the family names of two
villages Chkhari and Akhali Terjola. These names are: Abzhandadze, Abuladze,
Butskhrikidze, Verulashvili, Nishnianidze, Robakidze, and Qipiani.
The collation of the ethnographic materials, written records and specialist literature
confirms that the oral traditions and legends about the origin of these family names in
many cases can serve to verify the real facts of the past. These oral stories give clear
accounts of the historical and ethnographic reflection of the communities inhabiting the
area, the reasons of the internal migrations, facts featuring social and political life. All
these data whet interests of many faceted studies of the question in folklore and
historiography.