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Core 2
Body in Motion
Focus Questions
1) How do the musculoskeletal and
cardiorespiratory systems of the body
influence and respond to movement?
2) What is the relationship between physical
fitness, training and movement efficiency?
3) How do biomechanical principles influence
movement?
SKELETAL SYSTEM
Tell me what are the four functions of the skeletal
system?
1) It Supports the organs and tissues of the body. Without this support
they would collapse under their own weight.
2) It provides Protection for internal organs. For example, the cranium
protects the brain; the thorax protects the heart and lungs.
3) It provides a base for the attachment of muscles and so allows
Movement with the bones acting as levers.
4) The bones are a source of supply of blood cells and a store for
minerals required for the body to function. For example, red and white
blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, which is found in the middle
of bones.
TYPES OF JOINTS
Joints occur where one or more bones meet. Joints can be fixed, such as the rib
cage, or they can be more moveable such as in the elbow. Joints are classified
according to their degree or movement. Joints may be classified as:
- Fibrous or immovable
- Cartilaginous or slightly moveable
- Synovial or freely moveable
Fibrous joints occur where bone ends are joined by strong, short bands or fibrous
tissue such as in the skull. This type of joint does not allow any movement to occur.
Cartilaginous joints is where the bones are separated by a disc or plate made up of
tough fibrous cartilage. For example the joints of the vertebrae or spine are
separated by this tissue thus causing limited movement.
Synovial joints allow for a range of movement. These include hinge joints (knee and
elbow) and ball and socket joints (hip and shoulders). Synovial joints are made
possible with the use of tendons, ligaments, cartilage, and synovial fluid.
TYPES OF JOINTS