Jenna Adams

Education 202
1600's The Colonial Period
Provided religious education for the young.
Boys and girls of young ages were often sent off to learn trades.
Most classrooms were known as dame rooms because a dame woman, or well
respected woman, would often teach.
By 1647, education become more serious and Massachusetts required the Old Deluter
Satan Law- requiring every town to provide a grammar school.
Boys, who were able to pay for school, were sent to Latin Grammar Schools, which later
on became the Boston Grammar School, or prep schools.
Curriculum reflected European roots, and children were required to read and recite the
works or Socrates and Homer.
Blacks and Native Americans were often denied education. Girls did not fare much better.
It established many of todays norms, such as local control of schools, compulsory
education, and tax supported schools.
Wealth was very critical or schooling or college.
1700's New Nation Shapes Education

The idea that leads to the American Revolution revolutionized our schools.
By the early 1700s private teachers and night schools were functioning in some major
cities such as Philadelphia teaching accounting, navigation, French and Spanish.
American education was reconstructed to meet broader nonsectarian goals,
In 1749, Benjamin Franklin penned Proposals Translating to the Youth of Pennsylvania,
suggesting a new kind of secondary school, an academy.
By the late 1700s the Boston Grammar school was replaced by Franklin Academy.
The curriculum was practical, free of religion, with classes such as math, astronomy,
athletics, and navigation.
This sparked to the establishment of many other academies across America.

1800's The Common School Movement

With the election of Andrew Jackson in 1828, the voices of many poor white people
wanted to be heard, particularly their demands for educational access.
Horace Mann became the nations leading advocate for the establishment of a common
school open to all. known today as elementary school
In 1837, Mann helped create the Massachusetts State Board of education.
He became the super attendant and began an effort to reform education, believing that
public schools should serve practical and idealistic goals.
Both business and industry educated form educated workers, resulting in a more
productive economy.
By the time of the civil war, his idea of a public school had spread and had become
widely accepted across the country.
John Dewey started the idea of progressionism.
In as early as 1875, Francis Parker, was first to introduce progressionism in the schools.
In 1896, Plessy vs Ferguson Supreme Court decision supports racially separate but equal
schools.

1900's Government and Race in Education

In 1909 the first middle school was opened in Columbus, Ohio.

In 1919 the Eight Year Study was formed that indicated that progressive schools were
more effective, and emphasized a more democratic educational approach accepting the
interest of a more diverse society.
In 1954, Brown vs Board of Education of Topeka Supreme Court decision outlaws racial
segregation in court.
In 1957 the Soviets launched Sputnik which enlisted the nations schools in meeting this
new challenge. - Congress passed the National Defense Education Act in 1958 to enhance
the security of the nation and develop the recourses of young men and women.
The NDEA supported the improvement of instruction and curriculum development,
funded teacher training programs, and provided loans to college students.
In 1972, Title IX prohibits sex discrimination in schools.
In 1975, Public Law 95-142 was approved, named Education for All Handicap Children
with Disabilities Education Act.
By 1990, there was increased public school diversity and competition through charter
schools, for profit companies, open enrollment, and online options. Educational goals,
standards, and testing were promoted.

2000's Present Times

In 2001, the passage of the No Child Left behind Act was established.

Unfortunately, today sexism still thrives in classrooms.

Nursing, teaching, library science, and social work continue to be predominately female,
while engineering, physics, and computer science are male dominate.
In a sense, todays teachers stand on a shoulder of Christopher Lamb, as each generation
takes steps forward to creating a more equal education system.