Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Fifth edition
Seeley, Stephens and Tate
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Slide 2.1
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Slide 5.1
Two subdivisions
Axial skeleton
Appendicular
skeleton
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Functions of Bones
Support of the body
Protection of soft organs
Movement due to attached skeletal
muscles: passive
Storage of minerals and fats
Blood cell formation
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Slide 5.2
Spongy bone
Small needle-like
pieces of bone
Figure 5.2b
Slide 5.3
Classification of Bones
Long bones
Typically longer than wide
Have a shaft with heads at both ends
Contain mostly compact bone
Examples: Femur, humerus
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Slide 5.4a
Classification of Bones
Short bones
Generally cube-shape
Contain mostly spongy bone
Examples: Carpals, tarsals
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Slide 5.4b
Figure 5.1
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Slide 5.4c
Classification of Bones
Flat bones
Thin and flattened
Usually curved
Thin layers of compact bone around a layer
of spongy bone
Examples: Skull, ribs, sternum
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Slide 5.5a
Classification of Bones
Irregular bones
Irregular shape
Do not fit into other bone classification
categories
Example: Vertebrae and hip
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Slide 5.5b
Figure 5.1
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Slide 5.5c
Epiphysis
Expanded ends of long
bones
Covered with dense bone
Internal structure is spongy
bone
Figure 5.2a
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Slide 5.6
Arteries
Supply bone cells
with nutrients
Figure 5.2c
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Slide 5.7
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Slide 5.8a
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Slide 5.8b
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Slide
Figure 5.3
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Slide
Lamella(e)
Rings of compact
bone
Lacunae lie between
rings
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Figure 5.3
Slide
Figure 5.3
Slide
Osteoblasts
Bone-forming cells
Osteoclasts
Bone-destroying cells
Break down bone matrix for remodeling and
release of calcium
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Slide 5.15
Slide
Figure 5.4a
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Slide
Slide
Figure 5.4a
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Slide
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Slide
Figure 5.4a
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Slide
Slide
Figure 5.4b
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Slide
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Slide
Figure 5.4a
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Slide
Slide 5.12
Between
membranes
Compact Bone
Spongy Bone
Trabeculae
Crosssection of a
trabecula
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Slide 5.12
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Fig. 6.5a
Bone Fractures
A break in a bone
Types of bone fractures
Closed (simple) fracture does not penetrate
the skin
Open (compound) fracture broken bone
penetrates through the skin
Slide 5.16
Table 5.2
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Slide 5.17
Slide 5.18
Fracture Repair
Hematoma
formation (A)
Callus formation
(B)
Bone replacement
(C )
Bone remodeling
(D)
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Slide 5.16