Flori-Transformadores y Motores de Induccion

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{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy1379\absw3358\absh173 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-2 \dn0 \up0
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Carrera de {\expndtw-30*}lectricidad y Electrnica In{\expndtw-30
*}ustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformadores y Motor{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}e {
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}duccin \par}
\f10 \fs50 Universi{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} Te{\expndtw-30*}nolgica de Pue{\
expndtw-30*}la \par}
{\phpg\posx4105\pvpg\posy7562\absw6507\absh520 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-10 \b \dn0 \
up0 \f10 \fs46 Transf{\expndtw-30*}rmado{\expndtw-30*}es y motores \par}
up0 \f10 \fs46 de induccin \par}
\f10 \fs31 Manual de asigna{\expndtw-30*}ura \par}

{\phpg\posx5386\pvpg\posy10777\absw1245\absh390 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-17 \dn0 \up
0 \f10 \fs35 Car{\expndtw-30*}era \par}
\f10 \fs35 Electricidad y Electrnica {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ustrial \par}
\f10 \fs27 P{\expndtw-30*}og{\expndtw-30*}ama 20{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \p
ar}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad T{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nolgica de {\expndtw-3
0*}uebla \par}
\f10 \fs23 0\par}
\sect\sectd\sbkpage\margtsxn1240\pard
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Carr{\expndtw-30*}ra de {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}ctricida{\
expndtw-30*} y Electrnic{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ndus{\expndtw-30*}rial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tran{\expndtw-30*}for{\expndtw-30*}adore{\expndtw-30*} y {\expndtw-30
*}otores {\expndtw-30*}e induccin \par}
up0 \f10 \fs38 Crdito{\expndtw-30*} \par}
{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy3935\absw5612\absh260 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-2 \b \dn0 \u
p0 \f10 \fs23 El{\expndtw-30*}bor: Ing. Franci{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expnd
tw-30*} Javier Ro{\expndtw-30*}rguez Senz \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Re{\expndtw-30*}is: \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Colab{\expndtw-30*}radores: \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Aut{\expndtw-30*}riz: \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universida{\expndtw-30*} Te{\expndtw-30*}nolgica de Pue{\expndt
w-30*}la \par}
\f10 \fs23 1\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Carre{\expndtw-30*}a d{\expndtw-30*} Electri{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}dad y El{\expndtw-30*}ct{\expndtw-30*}nica Indus{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transf{\expndtw-30*}rmadores y Motor{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}e i
nducci{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
up0 \f10 \fs38 Contenido \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}bjetivo general \par}
\f10 \fs23 S{\expndtw-30*}lec{\expndtw-30*}ionar Transf{\expndtw-30*}rma{\expndt
w-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}s y Mo{\expndtw-30*}ores de C.A. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}ab{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}dades por {\expndtw-3
0*}esa{\expndtw-30*}rollar en gene{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy4204\absw9083\absh260 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw0 \dn0 \up0 \
f10 \fs23 Tener conocimiento de la est{\expndtw-30*}uctura y funcio{\expndtw-30*
}a{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}o d{\expndtw-30*} los t{\expndtw-3

0*}ans{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rmadores y \par}
f10 \fs23 motor{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}e ind{\expndtw-30*}ccin, as c{\expndt
w-30*}mo tambi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30*}ner la habilidad de po
de{\expndtw-30*} reali{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 pruebas, p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}ete{\expndtw-30
*}tar fall{\expndtw-30*}s en dichos {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mponent{\expndtw
-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs23 Horas \par}
f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}eora Pr{\expndtw-30*}tica {\expndtw-30*}otal \par}
{\phpg\posx2006\pvpg\posy6351\absw68\absh260 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-1 \dn0 \up0 \f
10 \fs23 I\par}
\f10 \fs23 II \par}
\f10 \fs23 I{\expndtw-30*}I \par}
\f10 \fs23 IV \par}
{\phpg\posx1960\pvpg\posy9034\absw163\absh260 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-3 \dn0 \up0 \
f10 \fs23 V\par}
\f10 \fs23 VI \par}
\f10 \fs23 V{\expndtw-30*}I \par}
\f10 \fs23 Gene{\expndtw-30*}alidades \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rcuitos m{\expndtw-30*}gnticos exci{\expnd
tw-30*}ado{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
f10 \fs23 CD y CA \par}
\f10 \fs23 El transform{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}r \par}
\f10 \fs23 Conce{\expndtw-30*}tos gen{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ales d{\expndtw
-30*} los motores \par}
\f10 \fs23 elctric{\expndtw-30*}s de CA \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tores monofsicos \par}
\f10 \fs23 Motor{\expndtw-30*}s trifs{\expndtw-30*}cos \par}
f10 \fs23 7\par}
f10 \fs23 4\par}
f10 \fs23 7\par}
f10 \fs23 3\par}
f10 \fs23 5\par}
f10 \fs23 4\par}
\f10 \fs23 10 \par}

f10 \fs23 0\par}
\f10 \fs23 10 \par}
\f10 \fs23 18 \par}
f10 \fs23 7\par}
f10 \fs23 9\par}
\f10 \fs23 17 \par}
\f10 \fs23 4\par}
f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}\par}
\f10 \fs23 14 \par}
\f10 \fs23 25 \par}
\f10 \fs23 1{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 1{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 21 \par}
\f10 \fs23 14 \par}
\f10 \fs23 X\par}
\f10 \fs23 Pg{\expndtw-30*}na \par}
f10 \fs23 X\par}
f10 \fs23 X\par}
f10 \fs23 X\par}
f10 \fs23 X\par}
f10 \fs23 X\par}
\f10 \fs23 S{\expndtw-30*}lec{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n de {\expndtw-30*}ot
ores de CA y \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}ransformadores \par}
\f10 \fs23 Gua {\expndtw-30*}e practic{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}v{\expndtw-30*}rsida{\expndtw-30*} Tecnolgica d
e Pueb{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs23 2\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Carrera {\expndtw-30*}e E{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ctrici{\ex
pndtw-30*}ad y El{\expndtw-30*}ctrn{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*} Indu{\expndtw-30
*}trial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transforma{\expndtw-30*}ore{\expndtw-30*} y Motores de ind{\expndtw-3
0*}ccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs54 I Generali{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 O{\expndtw-30*}jetivo \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 I C{\expndtw-30*}nocer los co{\expndtw-30*}cep{\expndtw-30*}os bsic
os d{\expndtw-30*}l magnetis{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Habilidades por desarroll{\expndtw-30*}r e{\expndtw-30*} la {\expn
dtw-30*}nidad \par}
f10 \fs23 Definir los parmetro{\expndtw-30*} magn{\expndtw-30*}ico{\expndtw-30*} y
utilizar las leyes del ma{\expndtw-30*}netismo pa{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
f10 \fs23 co{\expndtw-30*}prender l{\expndtw-30*} conversin de energa entre e{\exp
ndtw-30*}uipos ele{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}romagnticos como \par}
\f10 \fs23 transform{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es, {\expndtw-30*
}otores y {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ner{\expndtw-30*}do{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndt
w-30*}. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}aber en la {\expndtw-30*}eora ( {\expndtw-30*} hrs.)
\par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 I.1\b0 De{\expndtw-30*}inir el conc{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}o
y los p{\expndtw-30*}ocesos de conversin de l{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*}e{\ex
pndtw-30*}ga en siste{\expndtw-30*}as \par}
\f10 \fs23 electromec{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ersin de ene{\expndtw-30
*}ga electromagn{\expndtw-30*}ic{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
f10 \fs21 El Ca{\expndtw-30*}po Magn{\expndtw-30*}ico es el m{\expndtw-30*}canism
{\expndtw-30*} fundamental mediante el cual los moto{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
s, \par}
f10 \fs21 generadores y {\expndtw-30*}ransformadores convier{\expndtw-30*}e{\exp
ndtw-30*} la energ{\expndtw-30*}a de una fo{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*} e{\expn
dtw-30*} otra. La manera \par}
f10 \fs21 como el campo ma{\expndtw-30*}ntico a{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}a en
los diferentes e{\expndtw-30*}uipos, s{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}eden describ
ir mediante \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}uat{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
f10 \fs21 principi{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
f10 \fs21 b{\expndtw-30*}sicos, \par}
\f10 \fs21 que \par}
\f10 \fs21 s{\expndtw-30*}n: \par}
f10 \fs21 .\par}
{\phpg\posx1858\pvpg\posy10737\absw8740\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw0 \dn0 \up0

\f10 \fs21 Al circul{\expndtw-30*}r corri{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}e p{\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} un c{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}or se pr{\expndtw-30*}duc{\expndtw-30*} u{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}amp{\e
xpndtw-30*} mag{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ico a{\expndtw-30*}rede{\expndtw-30*}o
r de l. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Si a {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s de un{\expndtw-30*}
espir{\expndtw-30*} se pasa {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}mpo mag
nt{\expndtw-30*}co variable con el tiempo, {\expndtw-30*}e induce \par}
\f10 \fs21 un voltaje en dicha espira.({\expndtw-30*}sta es la base de la accin t
r{\expndtw-30*}nsformadora). \par}
\f10 \fs21 Si un conductor por e{\expndtw-30*} cual c{\expndtw-30*}rcula corrien
te, se en{\expndtw-30*}uentra de{\expndtw-30*}tro {\expndtw-30*}e un ca{\expndtw
-30*}p{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 magn{\expndtw-30*}tico, se produce una fue{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}a so{\expndtw-30*}re dicho co{\expndtw-30*}ductor. (Esta e{\expndtw-30*} la bas
e de la accin \par}
\f10 \fs21 motora). \par}
\f10 \fs21 Cuando un co{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}uctor en movimien{\expndtw-30
*}o se encuentra inmer{\expndtw-30*}o dent{\expndtw-30*}o de un campo \par}
\f10 \fs21 magn{\expndtw-30*}ico, en dicho conductor se indu{\expndtw-30*}e un vo
l{\expndtw-30*}aje. ({\expndtw-30*}sta es la base de la acci{\expndtw-30*}n \par
}
\f10 \fs21 gener{\expndtw-30*}dora.). \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Unive{\expndtw-30*}sidad Tecn{\expndtw-30*}lgi{\expndtw-30*}a d
e P{\expndtw-30*}ebla \par}
\f10 \fs23 3\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}arrera de Electricida{\expndtw-30*} y Electrnica I
ndu{\expndtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transform{\expndtw-30*}dores y Motores de in{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}
f10 \fs21 Una\b M{\expndtw-30*}quina Elctri{\expndtw-30*}a\b0 es un artefac{\ex
pndtw-30*}o que puede convert{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} energa elc{\expndtw-30*}
rica en \par}
f10 \fs21 energ{\expndtw-30*}a mecnica (trabajand{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}mo
mot{\expndtw-30*}r) {\expndtw-30*} bien energa mecnic{\expndtw-30*} en energ{\expn
dtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 elctrica \par}
\f10 \fs21 (trabaj{\expndtw-30*}ndo \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 generador). \par}

f10 \fs21 Este {\expndtw-30*}ipo de {\expndtw-30*}quinas p{\expndtw-30*}ede con{\
expndtw-30*}ertir energa de una fo{\expndtw-30*}ma {\expndtw-30*} o{\expndtw-30*}
ra p{\expndtw-30*}r la acci{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
\f10 \fs21 un campo magn{\expndtw-30*}ic{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 I. 2 PA{\expndtw-30*}METROS Y VA{\expndtw-30*}IA{\expndtw-30*}LES M
{\expndtw-30*}GNTICA{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs23 Co{\expndtw-30*}prender los par{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}etros y v{\
expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iables magnt{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}s que se enc{\
expndtw-30*}ent{\expndtw-30*}an \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}terial magntic{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 D{\expndtw-30*}nsidad de Flujo \par}
f10 \fs23 en un \par}
f10 \fs21 En el {\expndtw-30*}istema de un{\expndtw-30*}dades SI, el fl{\expndtw
-30*}jo magn{\expndtw-30*}ico se mide {\expndtw-30*}n w{\expndtw-30*}ber{\expndtw
-30*} y tien{\expndtw-30*} el smbolo \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f
Symbol }} \par}
\f10 \fs21 ( Fi ). {\expndtw-30*}a cant{\expndtw-30*}dad de lneas de flu{\expndtw
-30*}o por {\expndtw-30*}ni{\expndtw-30*}ad d{\expndtw-30*} rea se deno{\expndtw30*}ina "Den{\expndtw-30*}idad {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}lujo"y \par}
f10 \fs21 se rep{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}edi
a{\expndtw-30*}te la letr{\expndtw-30*} B y se mide {\expndtw-30*}n Wb/m\up5 \fs
13 2\up0 \fs21 o {\expndtw-30*}eslas. Su m{\expndtw-30*}gnitud se \par}
\f10 \fs21 determina a t{\expndtw-30*}avs de la s{\expndtw-30*}guiente {\expndtw30*}cuacin. \par}
{\phpg\posx4551\pvpg\posy10473\absw620\absh432 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-24 \i \dn0 \
up0 \f20 \fs23 B\i0 \f40 =\expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f Symbol }}
\par}
\f40 \fs23 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f Symbol }}\par}
\f10 \fs21 B = teslas \par}
\f10 \fs21 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f Symbol }} = webe{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 A = metros cua{\expndtw-30*}rados \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Pe{\expndtw-30*}meabilidad \par}
\f10 \fs21 Si se usan ncleos de dif{\expndtw-30*}rentes mat{\expndtw-30*}riale{\e
xpndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}on {\expndtw-30*}as mismas dime{\expndtw-30*}siones {\
expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}icas e{\expndtw-30*} un \par}
\f10 \fs21 elect{\expndtw-30*}oimn, la fuerza de{\expndtw-30*} imn {\expndtw-30*}a
{\expndtw-30*}iar de {\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}er{\expndtw-30*}o co{\expndtw-3
0*} el n{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}o usado. Esta variacin en \par}
\f10 \fs21 la fuer{\expndtw-30*}a se debe a la ma{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r
o menor cantida{\expndtw-30*} de lneas de {\expndtw-30*}luj{\expndtw-30*} que pa{

\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}or el ncle{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se consid{\expndtw-30*}ran magnticos {\expndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*}at
eriales de los que surge{\expndtw-30*} ln{\expndtw-30*}as de fl{\expndtw-30*}jo c
on gran \par}
\f10 \fs21 f{\expndtw-30*}cilidad y q{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} tienen {\expn
dtw-30*}na alta p{\expndtw-30*}rmeab{\expndtw-30*}lidad \par}
\f10 \fs21 La\b permeabilidad\b0 es una m{\expndtw-30*}dida d{\expndtw-30*} {\
expndtw-30*}a facilidad {\expndtw-30*}on que {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}cen l{\expndtw-30*}n{\expnd
tw-30*}as de f{\expndtw-30*}ujo \par}
\f10 \fs21 magnti{\expndtw-30*}o en {\expndtw-30*}n m{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
erial, y se r{\expndtw-30*}presenta por el smbolo , sus un{\expndtw-30*}da{\expnd
tw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}on Wb/A-m. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}ica de Puebl{\expndtw-30*} \par
}
\f10 \fs23 4\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Carrera de Electric{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}d y {\expndtw-3
0*}lec{\expndtw-30*}rnica Ind{\expndtw-30*}st{\expndtw-30*}ial \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sformadores y {\expndtw-30
*}o{\expndtw-30*}ores de induccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 La \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ermeabilidad \par}
\f10 \fs21 del \par}
\f10 \fs21 es{\expndtw-30*}ac{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ibre \par}
\f10 \fs21 se \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}eno{\expndtw-30*}ina \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 \dn4 \fs13 o \par}
f10 \fs21 y\par}
\f10 \fs21 su \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lo{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 e{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 \dn4 \fs13 o\dn8 =\b0 \dn0 \fs21 4\expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst S
YMBOL 112 \\f Symbol }} x 10\up5 \fs13 -7\up0 \fs21 Wb/{\expndtw-30*}-m\b . \p
ar}

f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}n trminos prcti{\expndtw-30*}os, l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}eabili{\expndtw-30*}ad de todos l
o s materia{\expndtw-30*}es no magnticos, por \par}
\f10 \fs21 ejemplo el cobre, e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}luminio, la {\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}ra, el cr{\expndtw-30*}stal y el {\expndtw-30*
}ir{\expndtw-30*}, es i{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} que pa{\expnd
tw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}l espac{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 libre. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se ll{\expndtw-30*}ma\b permeabilidad rel{\expndtw-30*}tiva\b0 de u
n m{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}er{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} a la {\expndtw-30
*}elacin entre su p{\expndtw-30*}opia \par}
\f10 \fs21 perm{\expndtw-30*}abil{\expndtw-30*}dad y la del e{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}acio libre; \par}
f10 \fs23 \dn4 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}\dn0 \fs23 = / \dn4 \fs15 o \par}
f10 \fs21 La perme{\expndtw-30*}bilidad re{\expndtw-30*}ati{\expndtw-30*}a s{\ex
pndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}e p{\expndtw-30*}ra comparar la f{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}idad con que se {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
en magn{\expndtw-30*}tiza{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 los {\expndtw-30*}iferen{\expndtw-30*}es ma{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*}r{\expndtw-30*}ales. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 La rel{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tanci{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}a reluctancia de un c{\expndtw-30*}rcuito {\expndtw-30*}
ag{\expndtw-30*}tico es e{\expndtw-30*} homlogo de la r{\expndtw-30*}sistencia {\e
xpndtw-30*}e un circuit{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 e{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ric{\expndtw-30*} y se mide {\expndtw-30*
}n\b amp{\expndtw-30*}res - vuelta po{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}r \par}
f10 \fs21 La rel{\expndtw-30*}ctancia de un mate{\expndtw-30*}ial al {\expndtw-3
0*}aso {\expndtw-30*}e las lnea{\expndtw-30*} de flu{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*
}ag{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tico {\expndtw-30*}or l se determina \par}
\f10 \fs21 por {\expndtw-30*}edi{\expndtw-30*} de la ecuacin {\expndtw-30*}i{\exp
ndtw-30*}uie{\expndtw-30*}te: \par}
{\phpg\posx2388\pvpg\posy8237\absw696\absh416 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw3 \i \dn0 \up0
\f20 \fs27 R\i0 \f40 =\i \f20 l \par}
\f40 \fs28 {\expndtw-30*}\fs27 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f Symbo
l }} \par}
\f10 \fs21 ( {\expndtw-30*}els, o A\dn4 \fs13 t\dn0 \fs21 / Wb ) \par}
f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} donde {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}s la r{\expndtw-30*
}{\expndtw-30*}uctanci{\expndtw-30*}\i , l\i0 {\expndtw-30*}s l{\expndtw-30*} l
{\expndtw-30*}ngitud de la trayect{\expndtw-30*}ria magntica y A {\expndtw-30*}{\
expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*} rea \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}sve{\expndtw-30*}sa{\expndtw-30*}, la t
en las un{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs13 t\dn0 \fs21
/ Wb \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 En{\expndtw-30*}ade{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ient
os d{\expndtw-30*} flujo \par}
\f10 \fs21 El en{\expndtw-30*}ade{\expndtw-30*}amiento de flujo ocurre cuando el
flujo magnt{\expndtw-30*}co ab{\expndtw-30*}aza a la corriente que lo \par}
\f10 \fs21 gene{\expndtw-30*}a, en un conductor elc{\expndtw-30*}rico y al mismo
tiempo {\expndtw-30*}a corrie{\expndtw-30*}te abraza al flujo {\expndtw-30*}ag{
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tico. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Au{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}nduct{\expndtw-30*}ncia \par}
\f10 \fs21 La {\expndtw-30*}apacida{\expndtw-30*} qu{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30
*}e{\expndtw-30*}e una {\expndtw-30*}obina pa{\expndtw-30*}a op{\expndtw-30*}n{\
expndtw-30*}rse a {\expndtw-30*}ualquier cambio {\expndtw-30*}n la corriente {\e
xpndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 una {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dida {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} l{
\expndtw-30*}\i aut{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nducta{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-3
0*}a\i0 L de la {\expndtw-30*}obina. Por breved{\expndtw-30*}d g{\expndtw-30*}n
er{\expndtw-30*}lm{\expndtw-30*}nte s{\expndtw-30*} el{\expndtw-30*}mina el \par
}
\f10 \fs21 prefijo auto. La\b inductan{\expndtw-30*}ia\b0 s{\expndtw-30*} {\e
xpndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}e en Henrios \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Ind{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ores \par}
\f10 \fs21 Los i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}uctores son bobi{\expndtw-30*}as de
difere{\expndtw-30*}tes dimensione{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}isead{\expndtw-30*
}s p{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*} intr{\expndtw-30*}ducir \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}des esp{\expndtw-30*}ci
ficas de induct{\expndtw-30*}ncia de{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ro de un {\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rcui{\expndtw-30*}o. La induct{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}
ia vara {\expndtw-30*}on \par}
\f10 \fs21 relaci{\expndtw-30*} directa a {\expndtw-30*}as {\expndtw-30*}ropiedad
{\expndtw-30*}s magnt{\expndtw-30*}cas d{\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-30*} b{\expndtw
-30*}bina. Por {\expndtw-30*}anto, con fr{\expndtw-30*}cuen{\expndtw-30*}ia se \
par}
\f10 \fs21 emplean materiales ferr{\expndtw-30*}magnticos {\expndtw-30*}ar{\expnd
tw-30*} inc{\expndtw-30*}eme{\expndtw-30*}tar la ind{\expndtw-30*}ctanc{\expndtw
-30*}a aum{\expndtw-30*}ntando el flujo \par}
\f10 \fs21 que enlaza la bobin{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 U{\expndtw-30*}iversidad Te{\expndtw-30*}nolgica de Pueb{\expnd
tw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs23 5\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Car{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ra de {\expndtw-30*}lectricidad
y E{\expndtw-30*}ect{\expndtw-30*}nica {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dustrial \par}

\f10 \fs15 Transfo{\expndtw-30*}mad{\expndtw-30*}res y Mo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}res de induc{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
f10 \fs21 La indu{\expndtw-30*}tancia de la si{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}ente
figura {\expndtw-30*}e pu{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}etermin{\ex
pndtw-30*}r a travs de la sig{\expndtw-30*}iente \par}
f10 \fs21 ecua{\expndtw-30*}in: \par}
{\phpg\posx2343\pvpg\posy3110\absw317\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-12 \i \dn0 \u
p0 \f10 \fs21 L\i0 = \par}
p0 \f20 \fs27 {\expndtw-30*}\i0 \up8 \fs13 2\up0 \f40 \fs28 \i \f20 \fs27 {\exp
ndtw-30*} \par}
{\phpg\posx3034\pvpg\posy3328\absw79\absh245 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-1 \i \dn0 \up0
\f20 \fs27 l\par}
\f10 \fs21 Do{\expndtw-30*}de\i N\i0 represen{\expndtw-30*}a la {\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}nti{\expndtw-30*}ad de vueltas de {\expndtw-30*}a bobin{\expndtw-3
0*}, \par}
\f10 \fs21 la \par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}rmeab{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ad \pa
r}
f10 \fs21 ncleo,\i l \par}
f10 \fs21 la longitud media del ncleo {\expndtw-30*}n metros; y, {\expndtw-30*}a\
i A\i0 , el re{\expndtw-30*} de la {\expndtw-30*}eccin tr{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw
-30*}ver{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
\f10 \fs21 expres{\expndtw-30*}da en me{\expndtw-30*}ro{\expndtw-30*} cuad{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dos \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}oltaje Indu{\expndtw-30*}ido \par}
f10 \fs21 L{\expndtw-30*} in{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ctanc{\expndtw-30*}a {\e
xpndtw-30*}e una bobi{\expndtw-30*}a t{\expndtw-30*}mbin es una medida del cambio
en el flujo que e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}a a \par}
\f10 \fs21 una bob{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*} debi{\expndtw-30*}o aun cambio e
n su co{\expndtw-30*}riente; esto e{\expndtw-30*}, \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 L\i0 = \par}
p0 \f20 \fs27 N d\i0 \f40 \fs28 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Sym
bol }} \par}
p0 \f20 \fs27 d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 C{\expndtw-30*}and{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*} corrien
te que a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}av{\expndtw-30*}esa un ind{\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}r e{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} cambian{\expndtw-30*}o
, el {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}jo m{\expndtw-30*}gnt{\expndtw-30*}co que lo \p
ar}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}slabo{\expndtw-30*}a cambia y se induce un{\expndtw-30*}
fuerza electr{\expndtw-30*}motriz e{\expndtw-30*} l, Si se consi{\expndtw-30*}er

a const{\expndtw-30*}nte la \par}
\f10 \fs21 pe{\expndtw-30*}meabil{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ad, la fuerza ele{\
expndtw-30*}tro{\expndtw-30*}otriz indu{\expndtw-30*}ida es proporcio{\expndtw-3
0*}al al cambio {\expndtw-30*}e la co{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iente. \par}
\f10 \fs21 por la ley de Faraday el voltaje entre terminales {\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}t da{\expndtw-30*}o po{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
{\phpg\posx1687\pvpg\posy8676\absw988\absh481 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-5 \i \dn0 \up
0 \f20 \fs23 v\dn6 \fs13 L\i0 \dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\i \f20 N {\expndtw-30*}\i0 \f
40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }} \par}
p0 \f20 \fs23 dt \par}
p0 \f20 \fs27 v\i0 \f40 =\i \f20 N d\i0 \f40 \fs28 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldin
st SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\dn9 \fs27 =\i \dn0 \f20 N\i0 \f40 {\f63 \u9115\'3
f}\i \f20 d\i0 \f40 \fs28 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }
}\dn1 \fs27 {\f63 \u9118\'3f}\dn0 {\f63 \u9115\'3f}\i \f20 di\i0 \f40 {\f63 \
u9118\'3f} =\i \f20 L di \par}
up0 \f20 \fs27 dt \par}
\f40 \fs27 {\f63 \u9117\'3f} {\f63 \u9120\'3f}{\f63 \u9117\'3f} {\f63 \u9120\'3f
} \par}
\f40 \fs27 {\f63 \u9116\'3f}\i \f20 di\i0 \f40 {\f63 \u9119\'3f}{\f63 \u9116\'
3f}\i \f20 dt\i0 \f40 {\f63 \u9119\'3f} \par}
up0 \f20 \fs27 dt \par}
\f10 \fs21 La le{\expndtw-30*} de Far{\expndtw-30*}day establece que se induce u
n volta{\expndtw-30*}e en {\expndtw-30*}na {\expndtw-30*}obi{\expndtw-30*}a qu{\
expndtw-30*} contien{\expndtw-30*} un flujo \par}
\f10 \fs21 variabl{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}n el t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}po. \par}
\f10 \fs21 L es u{\expndtw-30*}a constante d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ro{\exp
ndtw-30*}orcionalid{\expndtw-30*}d denominad{\expndtw-30*} coeficiente de {\expn
dtw-30*}uto inductanci{\expndtw-30*}, sus \par}
\f10 \fs21 unidad{\expndtw-30*}s son {\expndtw-30*}eber/amper o He{\expndtw-30*
}rio. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Induc{\expndtw-30*}anc{\expndtw-30*}a Mutua \par}
\f10 \fs21 El pa{\expndtw-30*}metro aso{\expndtw-30*}iado con el enca{\expndtw-30
*}enamien{\expndtw-30*}o de {\expndtw-30*}lujo en un circuito p{\expndtw-30*}odu
cid{\expndtw-30*} po{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}rrient{\expndtw-30*} en {\expndtw-30*}tro circuito, {
\expndtw-30*}e de{\expndtw-30*}omina inductancia {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tua
\par}
\f10 \fs21 Si colocamos dos {\expndtw-30*}ob{\expndtw-30*}nas muy cercanamente,
de{\expndtw-30*}ignad{\expndtw-30*}s como 1 y {\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 re{\expndtw-30*}pectivamente, {\expndtw-30*} ha{\expndtw-30*}emos cir
cular una corriente por {\expndtw-30*}a bobi{\expndtw-30*}a 1, s{\expndtw-30*} p
{\expndtw-30*}oduc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} un fl{\expndtw-30*}j{\expndtw-30*}
\par}
\f10 \fs21 ma{\expndtw-30*}ntico dado {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r:\f40 \expnd
tw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\f10 1 =\f40 \expndtw-14{\field
{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\f10 11+\f40 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst
SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\f10 21 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad T{\expndtw-30*}cn{\expndtw-30*}lgica de Puebla \par
}
\f10 \fs23 6\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Car{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}a de Electricidad y El{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ica Indus{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}ial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformadores {\expndtw-30*} Mo{\expndtw-30*}ores de i
{\expndtw-30*}duccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 Do{\expndtw-30*}de: \par}
\f40 \fs21 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\f10 11 {\expnd
tw-30*}s la parte del flujo que eslabona la bobina 1 \par}
\f40 \fs21 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\f10 12 es la p
art{\expndtw-30*} de{\expndtw-30*} fluj{\expndtw-30*} debid{\expndtw-30*} a {\ex
pndtw-30*}a bobina {\expndtw-30*} qu{\expndtw-30*} eslabona la bobin{\expndtw-30
*} 2 \par}
{\phpg\posx1687\pvpg\posy3137\absw1232\absh493 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw0 \i \dn0 \up
0 \f20 \fs23 v\i0 \dn6 \fs13 2\dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\i \f20 N\i0 \dn6 \fs13 2\i \dn
0 \fs23 d\i0 \f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\
dn7 \f20 \fs13 {\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}} \par}
\f10 \fs21 El flujo\f40 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\
f10 12 ind{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*} un vol{\expndtw-30*}aje en la bobi{\expn
dtw-30*}a dos dado p{\expndtw-30*}r: \par}
f10 \fs21 Como\f40 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\f10 {
\expndtw-30*}2 es debi{\expndtw-30*}o a la corriente 1 y {\expndtw-30*}2 es {\ex
pndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}po{\expndtw-30*}cional al ca{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30
*}o que ocu{\expndtw-30*}ra en esta \par}
\f10 \fs21 corriente l{\expndtw-30*} ecuacin se transforma {\expndtw-30*}: \par}
\f20 \fs23 v\i0 \dn6 \fs13 2\dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\i \f20 {\expndtw-30*} di \par}
p0 \f20 \fs23 d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 do{\expndtw-30*}de : \par}
\f10 \fs21 M se cono{\expndtw-30*}e como con{\expndtw-30*}tant{\expndtw-30*} de
inductancia mutua \par}
0 \f20 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}\i0 \f40 =\i \f20 N\i0 \dn6 \fs13 2\i \dn0 \fs23 d
\i0 \f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\dn7 \f20 \
fs13 {\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul 2} \par}
p0 \f20 \fs23 di\i0 \dn6 \fs13 1 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Coeficiente d{\expndtw-30*} Ac{\expndtw-30*}plamient{\expndtw-30*}
K \par}
f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} eslabonamiento de flujo e{\expndtw-30*}tre do{\expndtw
-30*} bobinas depende de la orientacin {\expndtw-30*} el \par}
\f10 \fs21 espaciamie{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} qu{\expndtw-30*} exista entre
dos {\expndtw-30*}ob{\expndtw-30*}nas y de la {\expndtw-30*}er{\expndtw-30*}eab
ilidad del {\expndtw-30*}edio {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}{\expnd
tw-30*}ador. La \par}
f10 \fs21 fraccin del flujo t{\expndtw-30*}tal de una bobin{\expndtw-30*} que esl
abona a la otra bobina se {\expndtw-30*}on{\expndtw-30*}ce como \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}eficiente de acoplamiento. \par}
0 \f20 \fs23 K\i0 \dn9 \f40 =\dn0 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 1
02 \\f Symbol }}\dn7 \f20 \fs13 12\dn9 \f40 \fs23 =\dn0 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\fie
ld{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\dn7 \f20 \fs13 2{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\dn7 \f20 \fs13
1 \par}
2 \par}
f10 \fs21 El m{\expndtw-30*}imo {\expndtw-30*}alor de {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30
*}s la {\expndtw-30*}nidad y s{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}ede exp{\expndtw-30*
}es{\expndtw-30*}r en {\expndtw-30*}uncin del {\expndtw-30*}oefici{\expndtw-30*}n
{\expndtw-30*}e d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 ind{\expndtw-30*}ctancia mutua y d{\expndtw-30*} las inductanci{\expn
dtw-30*}s propias de la siguiente m{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ra: \par}
p0 \f20 \fs23 K\i0 \f40 = \par}
0 \f20 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}\par}
up0 \f20 \fs23 L\i0 \dn6 \fs13 1\i \dn0 \fs23 L\i0 \dn6 \fs13 2 \par}
{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy11293\absw4242\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw0 \b \dn0 \u
p0 \f10 \fs21 Va{\expndtw-30*}or e{\expndtw-30*}ecti{\expndtw-30*}o induci{\expn
dtw-30*}o en una b{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}na \par}
\f10 \fs21 Cuando se aplica una corrient{\expndtw-30*} va{\expndtw-30*}i{\expnd
tw-30*}ble {\expndtw-30*}n el tiempo, a un c{\expndtw-30*}rcuito magn{\expndtw-30
*}ic{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*} pr{\expndtw-30*}duc{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 un f{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}jo {\expndtw-30*}agntico {\expndtw-30
*}amb{\expndtw-30*}n variable en el ti{\expndtw-30*}mpo, estoes: \par}
{\phpg\posx2371\pvpg\posy12521\absw1605\absh351 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw1 \i \dn0 \u
p0 \f20 \fs27 i\i0 \f40 =\f20 2\i Ipsen\i0 \f40 \fs28 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fl
dinst SYMBOL 119 \\f Symbol }}\i \f20 \fs27 t \par}
\f40 \fs24 {\f63 \u981\'3f}\f20 \fs22 (\i t\i0 )\f40 =\fs24 \expndtw-14{\fie
ld{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\i \f20 \fs22 m{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
eno\i0 \f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 119 \\f Symbol }}\i \f20
\fs22 t \par}
max\dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\i \f20 A {\expndtw-30*}\i0 \dn6 \fs13 max \par}
\f40 \fs24 {\f63 \u981\'3f}\f20 \fs22 (\i t\i0 )\f40 =\i \f20 A B\dn6 \fs13
mx\dn0 \fs22 sen\i0 \f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 119 \\f Symb
ol }}\i \f20 \fs22 {\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Don{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}niversi{\expndtw-30*}ad {\expndtw-30*}ecnolgica d
e Pueb{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs23 7\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Carr{\expndtw-30*}ra de Elect{\expndtw-30*}ici{\expndtw-30*}ad
y {\expndtw-30*}le{\expndtw-30*}trnic{\expndtw-30*} Indu{\expndtw-30*}trial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transforma{\expndtw-30*}ores y Motores de ind{\expndtw-30*}ccin \par}
\f40 \fs21 {\f63 \u981\'3f}\f10 (t)= {\expndtw-30*}ariac{\expndtw-30*}n Senoidal
de flujo e{\expndtw-30*} el ncleo \par}
max\dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\f10 \fs21 Amplitud del fl{\expndtw-30*}jo \par}
max\dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\f10 \fs21 Amp{\expndtw-30*}itud de la Densida{\expndtw-30
*} de Flujo \par}
\f40 \fs25 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 119 \\f Symbol }}\fs23 = \par}
\f10 \fs21 Frec{\expndtw-30*}enc{\expndtw-30*}a an{\expndtw-30*}ula{\expndtw-30*
} = 2\f40 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 112 \\f Symbol }}\f10 f \par}
\f10 \fs21 f = Frecue{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ia en Hertz \par}
\f10 \fs21 A = Se{\expndtw-30*}cin transversal del n{\expndtw-30*}leo \par}
\f10 \fs21 De acue{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o a l{\expndtw-30*} ley de Fa{\exp
ndtw-30*}aday el vol{\expndtw-30*}aj{\expndtw-30*} induci{\expndtw-30*}o en el d
{\expndtw-30*}vanado de N vueltas e{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
0 \f20 \fs23 e\i0 (\i t\i0 )\f40 =\i \f20 N d\i0 \f40 \fs24 {\f63 \u981\'3f}\d
n8 \fs21 {\f63 \u8756\'3f} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Donde: \par}
p0 \f20 \fs23 e\i0 (\i t\i0 )\f40 =\fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
119 \\f Symbol }}\i \f20 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}\i0 \f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\
*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\dn7 \f20 \fs13 max\dn0 \fs23 co{\expndtw-30*
}\f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 119 \\f Symbol }}\i \f20 \fs23
t\i0 \f40 =\i \f20 {\expndtw-30*}\i0 \dn6 \fs13 {\expndtw-30*}ax\dn0 \fs23 {\
expndtw-30*}os\f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 119 \\f Symbol }}\

i \f20 \fs23 t \par}
p0 \f20 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}\i0 \dn6 \fs13 max\dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\fs24 \expndtw14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 119 \\f Symbol }}\i \f20 \fs23 N\i0 \f40 \fs24 \expn
dtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 102 \\f Symbol }}\dn7 \f20 \fs13 {\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*}x\dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\f20 2\f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst
SYMBOL 112 \\f Symbol }}\i \f20 \fs23 fNA\dn6 \fs13 c\dn0 \fs23 B\i0 \dn6 \fs13
max \par}
\f10 \fs21 En t{\expndtw-30*}min{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de valores rms \par}
0 \f20 \fs23 E\dn6 \fs13 rms\i0 \dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\f20 2\f40 \fs25 \expndtw-14{
\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 112 \\f Symbol }}\i \f20 \fs23 fNA\dn6 \fs13 c\dn0 \fs2
3 B\i0 \dn6 \fs13 max \par}
p0 \f20 \fs27 E\dn8 \fs13 rms\i0 \dn0 \f40 \fs27 =\f20 4.4{\expndtw-30*}\i fN
\i0 \f40 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f Symbol }}\dn8 \f20 \fs13 ma
x \par}
f10 \fs21 A la corrient{\expndtw-30*} necesaria p{\expndtw-30*}ra produci{\expnd
tw-30*} campo magnt{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*} se le deno{\expndtw-30*}ina c{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rient{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 excit{\expndtw-30*}cin. \par}
up0 \f20 \fs23 I\i0 \dn6 \f40 \fs14 {\f63 \u981\'3f}\i \dn14 \f20 \fs13 rms\i0 \
dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\i \f20 l\dn6 \fs13 {\ul c}\dn0 \fs23 H\dn6 \fs13 {\ul r}{\ul
m}{\ul s} \par}
p0 \f20 \fs23 N\par}
\f10 \fs21 en don{\expndtw-30*}e\i \f20 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}\dn6 \fs13 r{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}\i0 \dn0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la in{\e
xpndtw-30*}ensidad de campo ma{\expndtw-30*}ntico {\expndtw-30*}fe{\expndtw-30*}t
ivo \par}
up0 \f20 \fs27 H\i0 \f40 =\i \f20 F \par}
0 \f20 \fs27 l\par}
\f10 \fs21 La corrien{\expndtw-30*}e de e{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}tacin sumin
istra la fue{\expndtw-30*}za {\expndtw-30*}agnetom{\expndtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*} nec{\expndtw-30*}saria para producir el \par}
\f10 \fs21 f{\expndtw-30*}ujo e{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} ncleo y la potencia
a{\expndtw-30*}ociad{\expndtw-30*} con l{\expndtw-30*} energa del {\expndtw-30*}
a{\expndtw-30*}po {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gnt{\expndtw-30*}co. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 U{\expndtw-30*}iversidad Tecnolgica de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs23 8\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Car{\expndtw-30*}era d{\expndtw-30*} Electricida{\expndtw-30*}
y Elec{\expndtw-30*}rnica Indust{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ransformador{\expndtw-30*}s y Motores de in{\expndtw-30
*}uccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs54 II \par}
up0 \f10 \fs54 Circuitos magnt{\expndtw-30*}cos \par}
up0 \f10 \fs54 e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}itados con \par}
up0 \f10 \fs54 C.D. y C.A. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Objetivo pa{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}cul{\expndtw-30*}r de la {
\expndtw-30*}nidad \par}
\f10 \fs23 Analizar los par{\expndtw-30*}etros y va{\expndtw-30*}iables de circui
to{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}agnticos {\expndtw-30*}xcitados con C.D y \par}
\f10 \fs23 C.A \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Habilidades por d{\expndtw-30*}sarrollar en la unidad \par}
\f10 \fs23 Res{\expndtw-30*}lver circuitos magnti{\expndtw-30*}os de diferentes e
stru{\expndtw-30*}turas {\expndtw-30*}xcitados con {\expndtw-30*}-d {\expndtw-30
*} c-{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ber {\expndtw-30*}n la {\expndtw-30*}e
ora (4 h{\expndtw-30*}s.) \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 II. I CIRCUITOS MAGNTICOS \par}
\f10 \fs21 Comparar las caracte{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}icas de un circuito e
l{\expndtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}co con un circuito \par}
\f10 \fs21 Magntico \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}alizar {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}lar lo{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}rm{\exp
ndtw-30*}tros de circu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}os magnet{\expndtw-30*}cos de
d{\expndtw-30*}ferent{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
f10 \fs21 m{\expndtw-30*}teriales exci{\expndtw-30*}ados con c.d. y c.a. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 LA LEY DE O{\expndtw-30*}M PARA {\expndtw-30*}OS {\expndtw-30*}IR
CUITOS MAGNET{\expndtw-30*}COS \par}
\f10 \fs21 En un {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}cuito {\expndtw-30*}lctrico, el vol
{\expndtw-30*}aje o fuerza electromotriz genera un {\expndtw-30*}lujo {\expndtw30*}e cor{\expndtw-30*}iente. {\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 fo{\expndtw-30*}ma similar e{\expndtw-30*} un circu{\expndtw-30*}to {
\expndtw-30*}agntico, quien gene{\expndtw-30*}a un flujo magntico, es un{\expndtw30*} fue{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 denominad{\expndtw-30*}\b fue{\expndtw-30*}za ma{\expndtw-30*}ne{\ex
pndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}riz \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}l{\ul }{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul m}{\ul p}{\ul
o}{\ul }{\ul m}{\ul a}{\ul g}{\ul n}{\ul }{\ul t}{\ul i}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul
o} creado por l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}obina {\expndtw-30*}s di{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}ctamente pr{\expndtw-30*}porciona{\expndtw-30*} a la corriente
I {\expndtw-30*} al \par}

\f10 \fs21 nme{\expndtw-30*}o de es{\expndtw-30*}iras o vueltas (N) que se encue
{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n alreded{\expndtw-30*}r del n{\expnd
tw-30*}cleo ( Fig. {\expndtw-30*}). \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}idad Tecnolgica de Puebla \par
}
\f10 \fs23 9\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}ar{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a de
Electricidad y E{\expndtw-30*}ectrnica Industri{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ransfor{\expndtw-30*}adores {\expndtw-30*} Motor{\expnd
tw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} in{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 P{\expndtw-30*}r compa{\expndtw-30*}acin con la t{\expndtw-30*}nsi{\exp
ndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ctric{\expndtw-30*}, llamaremos\b TENSI{\ex
pndtw-30*} MAGNETI{\expndtw-30*}A o FUERZA \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 MAGNE{\expndtw-30*}OMOTR{\expndtw-30*}Z ({\expndtw-30*}.{\expndtw30*}.m.)\b0 al{\ul }{\ul p}{\ul r}{\ul o}{\ul d}{\ul u}{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul o} d
e I {\expndtw-30*}or N, de {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} manera que, resu{\expnd
tw-30*}ta la si{\expndtw-30*}uiente \par}
f10 \fs21 ec{\expndtw-30*}acin: \par}
p0 \f20 \fs27 F\i0 \f40 =\i \f20 NI \par}
\f10 \fs21 Donde: \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 F\i0 : F{\expndtw-30*}erza magnetomotriz, y su uni{\expndtw-30*}ad
es amper por vuelta ( A\dn4 \fs13 t\dn0 \fs21 ). \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 N\i0 : Nu{\expndtw-30*}ero de vueltas d{\expndtw-30*}l bobin{\expn
dtw-30*}do. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 I\i0 : Cor{\expndtw-30*}ien{\expndtw-30*}e aplicada, su u{\expndtw
-30*}idad {\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}l Ampere. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}sta ecuacin indica c{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}amente
{\expndtw-30*}ue un {\expndtw-30*}nc{\expndtw-30*}emento en la cant{\expndtw-30*
}dad de vueltas o en l{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 corri{\expndtw-30*}nte que p{\expndtw-30*}sa {\expndtw-30*}or el alam
bre producir{\expndtw-30*} una mayo{\expndtw-30*} " Fuer{\expndtw-30*}a " {\expn
dtw-30*}n el sist{\expndtw-30*}ma par{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 est{\expndtw-30*}blecer lneas de flujo {\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30*}a
v{\expndtw-30*}s del ncl{\expndtw-30*}o. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Ana{\expndtw-30*}ogas {\expndtw-30*}ntre circuito elctrico {\expndtw
-30*} ci{\expndtw-30*}cuito magn{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}o: \par}
f10 \fs21 Fig{\expndtw-30*}ra 2. \par}
\f10 \fs21 a) Un {\expndtw-30*}ir{\expndtw-30*}uit{\expndtw-30*} elctrico simple.
b) {\expndtw-30*}l circuito magnt{\expndtw-30*}co anlogo a un {\expndtw-30*}cleo d

e \par}
\f10 \fs21 transfo{\expndtw-30*}mador. \par}
f10 \fs21 En un cir{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}to elctrico, el {\expndtw-30*}olt
aje apli{\expndtw-30*}ado {\expndtw-30*}ausa el flu{\expndtw-30*}o de u{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*} corriente I. De modo \par}
\f10 \fs21 semej{\expndtw-30*}nte, en un ci{\expndtw-30*}cuito {\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}gnt{\expndtw-30*}co la fuerza ma{\expndtw-30*}netomotriz ap{\expndtw-3
0*}icada causa la produccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 de un fl{\expndtw-30*}jo magntico \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
70 \\f Symbol }} . \par}
f10 \fs21 La {\expndtw-30*}elacin entre voltaje y resistencia en un cir{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}ito {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ctrico es la ley de ohm ( {\exp
ndtw-30*} = V/R ); \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} mane{\expndtw-30*}a semejante, la relac
in entre fuerza magnetomotriz y reluctancia e{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f Symbol }} = F/R \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}de \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 F\i0 : {\expndtw-30*}uerza magneto{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}ri
z; en Amp{\expndtw-30*}r - vu{\expndtw-30*}lta \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f Symbol }}\i0 : Flujo
magntico; en weber. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 R\i0 : Rel{\expndtw-30*}ctancia del circuito; en amper{\expndtw-30
*}s - vuel{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} weber \par}
\f10 \fs21 La re{\expndtw-30*}uc{\expndtw-30*}ancias en un circui{\expndtw-30*}o
magntico {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}edecen l{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}ismas
regl{\expndtw-30*}s a qu{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}bedecen en \par}
\f10 \fs21 un circui{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}lctrico. \par}
\f10 \fs21 La reluctancia {\expndtw-30*}qui{\expndtw-30*}alente en un circuito
seri{\expndtw-30*} es : \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 R\dn4 \fs13 e{\expndtw-30*}\dn0 \fs21 = R\dn4 \fs13 1\dn0 \fs21
+ R\dn4 \fs13 2\dn0 \fs21 + R\dn4 \fs13 3\dn0 \fs21 +....... \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}a reluc{\expndtw-30*}ancia en un circuito paralelo es:
\par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 1/ R\dn4 \fs13 eq\dn0 \fs21 = (1/ R\dn4 \fs13 1\dn0 \fs21 )+ (1/
R\dn4 \fs13 2\dn0 \fs21 )+ (1/ R\dn4 \fs13 3\dn0 \fs21 )+......... \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}ica de Puebla \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 10 \par}

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Car{\expndtw-30*}era de E{\expndtw-30*}ec{\expndtw-30*}ricid{\e
xpndtw-30*}d {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}le{\expndtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}ica Ind
ustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores {\expndtw-30*} Moto{\expndtw-30*}es de induc{\expndtw
-30*}in \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ue{\expndtw-30*}z{\expndtw-30*} Magnetizadora (\b0
Intensidad d{\expndtw-30*} cam{\expndtw-30*}o ) \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}a f{\expndtw-30*}erza {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gn{\e
xpndtw-30*}tomotriz por {\expndtw-30*}nida{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e longi{\
expndtw-30*}ud se den{\expndtw-30*}mi{\expndtw-30*}a\b fuer{\expndtw-30*}a \par
}
p0 \f10 \fs23 magnetizadora\b0 y se ex{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*}a a travs de la si{\expndtw-30*}uie{\expndtw-30*}te ecuaci{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
p0 \f20 \fs23 H\i0 \f40 =\i \f20 F \par}
\f20 \fs23 l\par}
\f10 \fs21 (A\dn4 \fs13 t\dn0 \fs21 /m ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 La sustitucin pa{\expndtw-30*}a l{\expndtw-30*} fu{\expndtw-30*}rza el
ectromotriz dar{\expndtw-30*} como resu{\expndtw-30*}tado: \par}
0 \f20 \fs27 H\i0 \f40 =\i \f20 NI \par}
\f20 \fs27 l\par}
\f10 \fs21 (A\dn4 \fs13 {\expndtw-30*}\dn0 \fs21 /m ) \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 H\i0 es la intensidad del campo ma{\expndtw-30*}nti{\expndtw-30*}o
prod{\expndtw-30*}cid{\expndtw-30*} por la corrie{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e,
en ampe{\expndtw-30*}ios-{\expndtw-30*}uelta por \par}
\f10 \fs21 metr{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 I es la corrient{\expndtw-30*} y se mide en am{\expndtw-30*}erios \pa
r}
p0 \f10 \fs21 l\i0 {\expndtw-30*}s la long{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ud de la
tr{\expndtw-30*}yectoria magntica \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}uede {\expndtw-30*}ec{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}e qu
e {\expndtw-30*}a i{\expndtw-30*}tensidad de campo {\expndtw-30*}agnti{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*} H es u{\expndtw-30*}a medid{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}el "es
fuerzo" que \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ac{\expndtw-30*} una {\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}ient
{\expndtw-30*} par{\expndtw-30*} cre{\expndtw-30*}r un campo {\expndtw-30*}agn{\
expndtw-30*}tico. La intens{\expndtw-30*}dad {\expndtw-30*}el flujo magn{\expndtw
-30*}ic{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 producido depe{\expndtw-30*}de del mat{\expndtw-30*}rial del cual {\
expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*} hecho el ncl{\expndtw-30*}o. \par}
\f10 \fs21 La relacin entre {\expndtw-30*}a inte{\expndtw-30*}sidad de campo m{\e
xpndtw-30*}gntico H y la densid{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} del flu{\expndtw-30*}

o mag{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tico \par}
\f10 \fs21 resul{\expndtw-30*}ante \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ent{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 de \par}
\f10 \fs21 un \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}aterial, \par}
\f10 \fs21 es{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 da{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 po{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 la \par}
\f10 \fs21 ecuacin: \par}
\f10 \fs21 B = H \par}
\f10 \fs21 Dond{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 H\par}
\f10 \fs21 =\par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}nte{\expndtw-30*}sid{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 \par}
\f10 \fs21 =\par}
\f10 \fs21 Per{\expndtw-30*}ea{\expndtw-30*}ili{\expndtw-30*}ad \par}
\f10 \fs21 B = Densid{\expndtw-30*}d de{\expndtw-30*} flujo {\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}gnti{\expndtw-30*}o resultant{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 de \par}
\f10 \fs21 cam{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 mag{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ca \par}
\f10 \fs21 magntico \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}eria{\expndtw-30*} \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 La Histr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}is \par}
\f10 \fs21 En elect{\expndtw-30*}otecnia se define l{\expndtw-30*} hist{\expndtw
-30*}es{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}agnti{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}mo el retr{\expndtw-30*}so de la in{\expndtw-30*}uccin res{\expndtw-30*}ecto
\par}

\f10 \fs21 al campo que lo crea. Se pr{\expndtw-30*}duce h{\expndtw-30*}stresis
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} somet{\expndtw-30*}r a{\expndtw-30*} ncleo a un camp
o cr{\expndtw-30*}cien{\expndtw-30*}e, los \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}manes elemen{\expndtw-30*}al{\expndtw-30*}s giran para
orien{\expndtw-30*}arse segn el sent{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o del campo. Al d
ecre{\expndtw-30*}er el \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Uni{\expndtw-30*}ersid{\expndtw-30*}d Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}ica d
e Puebla \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 11 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}arrera de Elect{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cidad
y Electr{\expndtw-30*}nica {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}str{\expnd
tw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 T{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nsf{\expndtw-30*}rma{\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es y Motores de in{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}
f10 \fs21 campo, la mayora {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} los imanes elem{\expndtw30*}ntales recob{\expndtw-30*}an su posi{\expndtw-30*}in ini{\expndtw-30*}ial, si
n emba{\expndtw-30*}go, \par}
f10 \fs21 otros no llegan a alcan{\expndtw-30*}arla debido a {\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}s rozamientos molecul{\expndtw-30*}res conservando en mayor \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*} men{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} grado p{\expndtw-30*}rt
e de su orientaci{\expndtw-30*} forzada, haciendo que pe{\expndtw-30*}sista un ma
gnet{\expndtw-30*}smo \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}emanen{\expndtw-30*}e que obligue a c{\expndtw-30*}e{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o retraso de {\expndtw-30*}a induccin respecto {\expndtw30*}e la intensidad de \par}
\f10 \fs21 campo. \par}
f10 \fs21 En lugar de aplicar una co{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ente continua a
{\expndtw-30*}os bobinados {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}c{\expndt
w-30*}eo, ah{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a vamos a \par}
\f10 \fs21 aplicar una c{\expndtw-30*}rr{\expndtw-30*}ente alterna y observar lo
{\expndtw-30*}ue su{\expndtw-30*}ede. \par}
f10 \fs21 En la fig{\expndtw-30*}ra 1. Est{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} bsicamen
te la curva de satur{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}n. Sin embargo, {\expndtw-30*}
ua{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*} la \par}
f10 \fs21 corrie{\expndtw-30*}te disminuye {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}evame{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e,\i {\expndtw-30*}l flujo sigue {\expndtw-30*}na ruta
diferente de la se{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}da c{\expndtw-30*}ando l{\expndtw
-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}orriente se aument. Cuando la c{\expndtw-30*}rri{\expndt
w-30*}nte di{\expndtw-30*}minu{\expndtw-30*}e, el fl{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
o {\expndtw-30*}n el ncleo sigue la ruta bcd \par}

f10 \fs21 y luego cua{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*} la corrie{\expndtw-30*}te aum
{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}a nuevam{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}e, el flujo {\
expndtw-30*}igue la ruta {\expndtw-30*}eb. Ntese {\expndtw-30*}ue la \par}
f10 \fs21 cant{\expndtw-30*}dad de flujo presente {\expndtw-30*}n el {\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}eo depen{\expndtw-30*}e no solament
{\expndtw-30*} de l{\expndtw-30*} ca{\expndtw-30*}tidad de corriente \par}
f10 \fs21 ap{\expndtw-30*}icada {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}u embobinado, sino
tambin de {\expndtw-30*}a historia previa del flu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} en
el n{\expndtw-30*}leo. Est{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}dencia de la h{\expndtw-30
*}storia p{\expndtw-30*}ecede{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} de{\expndtw-30*} f{\e
xpndtw-30*}ujo y la f{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}la resultante p{\expndtw-30*}ra
{\expndtw-30*}olver so{\expndtw-30*}re el \par}
\f10 \fs21 trazo de la trayectoria {\expndtw-30*}el f{\expndtw-30*}ujo se {\expn
dtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}ma {\expndtw-30*}istresis. La tra{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw30*}toria bcde{\expndtw-30*} trazada en la {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gura \par
}
\f10 \fs21 1, m{\expndtw-30*}entras l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
rriente apli{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} cam{\expndtw-30*}{\expnd
tw-30*}a, se {\expndtw-30*}lama curva de his{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}sis. \pa
r}
\f10 \fs21 Figura 1: {\expndtw-30*}a curva de hst{\expndtw-30*}resis trazada por
el flujo {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} un ncl{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}uan{\e
xpndtw-30*}o s{\expndtw-30*} le aplica la \par}
\f10 \fs21 corriente i(t). \par}
\f10 \fs21 Nt{\expndtw-30*}se que si una fuerza magnetomotr{\expndtw-30*}z {\expn
dtw-30*}rande se a{\expndtw-30*}lica prime{\expndtw-30*}o al ncleo y lu{\expndtw30*}go se \par}
\f10 \fs21 elimin{\expndtw-30*}, {\expndtw-30*}a trayectoria d{\expndtw-30*}l fl
ujo en el ncl{\expndtw-30*}o s{\expndtw-30*}r\i ab{\expndtw-30*}.\i0 Cuando la f
uerza magnetomotr{\expndtw-30*}z {\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 elimina, el flujo en el ncleo\i no\i0 llega {\expndtw-30*} cero. E{\
expndtw-30*} lugar de esto, u{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}po magnt
ico \par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}rm{\expndtw-30*}nece e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}l.
\par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ste campo {\expndtw-30*}agntic{\expndtw-30*} se denomin
{\expndtw-30*} flujo\i r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ane{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw
-30*}\i0 en el ncleo. \par}
\f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} pre{\expndtw-30*}is{\expndtw-30*}mente en esta forma
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mo se producen los {\expndtw-30*}manes. Para lleva{\
expndtw-30*} el flujo hast{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 cero, un{\expndtw-30*} ca{\expndtw-30*}tidad de fue{\expndtw-30*}za m
a{\expndtw-30*}netomotriz, cono{\expndtw-30*}id{\expndtw-30*} como la\i fuerza
coercitiva \par}

up0 \f10 \fs21 ma{\expndtw-30*}netomo{\expndtw-30*}riz\i0 Fc, se debe aplicar a
l ncleo en la direcci{\expndtw-30*} op{\expndtw-30*}es{\expndtw-30*}a. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnolgica de Puebla \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 12 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Car{\expndtw-30*}era de Elec{\expndtw-30*}ricida{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*} Electrnica Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 T{\expndtw-30*}an{\expndtw-30*}formadores y M{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw
-30*}res d{\expndtw-30*} in{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 CU{\expndtw-30*}VAS DE M{\expndtw-30*}GNETIZACION \par}
{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy2266\absw9082\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw1 \b \dn0 \up
0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}inicin:\b0 L{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-3
0*}urva {\expndtw-30*}e magnetiz{\expndtw-30*}cin de un m{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw
-30*}rial f{\expndtw-30*}rro{\expndtw-30*}agntico es aque{\expndtw-30*}la que \pa
r}
\f10 \fs21 repr{\expndtw-30*}senta el mag{\expndtw-30*}eti{\expndtw-30*}mo en el
material como funcin de la fuerz{\expndtw-30*} mag{\expndtw-30*}etizante. \par}
\f10 \fs21 La pendiente de esta curva corresp{\expndtw-30*}nde a la pe{\expndtw30*}m{\expndtw-30*}abilida{\expndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}gntica {\expndtw-30*}el m
aterial \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 \i0 =\i {\expndtw-30*}/H \par}
f10 \fs21 Las curva{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e magnet{\expndtw-30*}z{\expndtw
-30*}cin {\expndtw-30*}e diferentes {\expndtw-30*}ateriales fe{\expndtw-30*}romag
n{\expndtw-30*}icos se obtienen \par}
f10 \fs21 directame{\expndtw-30*}te de las curvas de {\expndtw-30*}ist{\expndtw30*}re{\expndtw-30*}is de cada material e{\expndtw-30*} comn c{\expndtw-30*}n e{\
expndtw-30*} qu{\expndtw-30*} s {\expndtw-30*}ste \par}
f10 \fs21 tratando. \par}
f10 \fs21 Por lo general e{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}s c{\expndtw-30*}rvas se
e{\expndtw-30*}cuentran en los manual{\expndtw-30*}s de {\expndtw-30*}abr{\expnd
tw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ntes de mater{\expndtw-30*}al{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 magnt{\expndtw-30*}cos, y so{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e gran im{\ex
pndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}tancia par e{\expndtw-30*} calculo en circuitos {\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gnticos \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 La {\expndtw-30*}ey de los circu{\expndtw-30*}tos de {\expndtw-30*
}mpe{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs21 La ley de los circuitos de {\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}ere es{\expndt
w-30*}abl{\expndtw-30*}ce que la suma a{\expndtw-30*}geb{\expndtw-30*}aica de la
s su{\expndtw-30*}idas y \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*} mmf p{\expndtw-30*}r un {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}lo ce{\e
xpndtw-30*}rado de un circuit{\expndtw-30*} magn{\expndtw-30*}ico es igual a cero

, y se \par}
\f10 \fs21 expresa a travs de la s{\expndtw-30*}guie{\expndtw-30*}te {\expndtw-30
*}cuacin \par}
\f10 \fs21 F=0 \par}
\f10 \fs21 La ec{\expndtw-30*}acin s{\expndtw-30*} conoce {\expndtw-30*}omo {\exp
ndtw-30*}a l{\expndtw-30*}y de los circuitos de {\expndtw-30*}mpere, {\expndtw-3
0*} cuando se aplica a los \par}
\f10 \fs21 circuitos magnet{\expndtw-30*}cos, las fuentes de la mmf se expr{\ex
pndtw-30*}san m{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iante la ecuacin. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 F = N I\i0 ( A\dn4 \fs13 t\dn0 \fs21 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 La ecua{\expndtw-30*}in para una cada de la mmf en una parte de un \par
}
\f10 \fs21 represe{\expndtw-30*}ta a travs de l{\expndtw-30*} ley de {\expndtw-3
0*}hm p{\expndtw-30*}ra ci{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ui{\expndtw-30*}os m{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nticos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ircuito m{\expndtw-30*}gntico se \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 F = \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f Symbol }}R \par}
\f10 \fs21 ( A\dn4 \fs13 t\dn0 \fs21 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 En donde\i \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f Symbol }}\i0
es el flujo que pasa por una secci{\expndtw-30*} del flujo mag{\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}tico {\expndtw-30*} R es la relucta{\expndtw-30*}cia \par}
\f10 \fs21 de esa seccin. Sin embargo, rar{\expndtw-30*} vez se {\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}lcula la re{\expndtw-30*}ucta{\expndtw-30*}cia en {\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*} anl{\expndtw-30*}sis de los \par}
\f10 \fs21 circuito{\expndtw-30*} magnticos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 U{\expndtw-30*}a ecuacin ms prctica para l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}da de la mmf {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 F = Hl \par}
\f10 \fs21 ( A\dn4 \fs13 t\dn0 \fs21 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Donde H es la fuerza m{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}etiza{\expndtw-30*
}ora en un{\expndtw-30*} se{\expndtw-30*}cin de un material ferr{\expndtw-30*}mag
ntico, y\i l\i0 es \par}
\f10 \fs21 la longitud de la s{\expndtw-30*}ccin. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Uni{\expndtw-30*}ersi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}d Tecnolgica d
{\expndtw-30*} Puebla \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 13 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Carrera de Electricid{\expndtw-30*}d y Electr{\expndtw-30*}ica I
ndustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tra{\expndtw-30*}sformadores y M{\expndtw-30*}to{\expndtw-30*}{\expnd
tw-30*}s de induccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}i aplicamos la ley de a{\expndtw-30*}pere p{\expndtw-30
*}ra la {\expndtw-30*}cuaci{\expndtw-30*}n anterior tenemos: \par}
\f40 \fs27 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 229 \\f Symbol }}\i \f10 \fs21 F
= 0 \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 F - H{\expndtw-30*} = 0 \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}i sustituimos la fuer{\expndtw-30*}a magnetomotriz\i F\
i0 por\i NI\i0 tenem{\expndtw-30*}s l{\expndtw-30*} siguiente e{\expndtw-30*}
uacin \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul I} -{\ul }{\ul H}{\ul l} = 0 \par}
\f10 \fs23 Subida Cada \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Sa{\expndtw-30*}er {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cer en la p{\expndt
w-30*}ac{\expndtw-30*}ica (10 hrs .) \par}
f10 \fs21 R{\expndtw-30*}solve{\expndtw-30*} circuitos magnticos ser{\expndtw-30*
}e {\expndtw-30*} pa{\expndtw-30*}alelo {\expndtw-30*}on {\expndtw-30*}ateriales
y {\expndtw-30*}xcitaciones mlt{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}les \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}-d y c-a, calcu{\expndtw-30*}and{\expnd
tw-30*} todos los pa{\expndtw-30*}metros y variables m{\expndtw-30*}gn{\expndtw-30
*}icas \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.- Determ{\expndtw-30*}nar la {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}sidad de
flujo magnt{\expndtw-30*}co p{\expndtw-30*}ra el entrehierro de 3 mm, en un n{\ex
pndtw-30*}cleo \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ue {\expndtw-30*}iene una {\expndtw-30*}ongitud med{\ex
pndtw-30*}a de 15 cm, una se{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}n tr{\expndtw-30*}nsve
rsal d{\expndtw-30*} 4 c{\expndtw-30*}\up5 \fs13 2\up0 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*} una
\par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}rmeabilidad infinita, en el n{\expndtw-30*}cl{\expndtw
-30*}o se {\expndtw-30*}rrol{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}na bobi{\expndtw-30*}a
de 150 vuel{\expndtw-30*}as y por \par}
\f10 \fs21 el{\expndtw-30*}a circul{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*} Amperes \par}
\f10 \fs21 SO{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}CIN: \par}
f10 \fs21 Como la pe{\expndtw-30*}meabilidad del nc{\expndtw-30*}eo es infin{\exp
ndtw-30*}ta l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}nica reluctancia presen{\expndtw-30*}e
es la de{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}da al \par}
\f10 \fs21 entr{\expndtw-30*}h{\expndtw-30*}er{\expndtw-30*}o del n{\expndtw-30*}
l{\expndtw-30*}o po{\expndtw-30*} lo tanto: \par}
f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 98 \\f Symbol }}\dn8 \fs23 =\dn0

\fs24 \fs23 {\f63 \u8465\'3f} =\f20 (4\f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst
SYMBOL 112 \\f Symbol }}\i \f20 \fs23 x\i0 10 )(1{\expndtw-30*}0)(3)\f40 =\f20
0.1884\i Teslas \par}
\f40 \fs13 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 45 \\f Symbol }}\f20 7 \par}
\f40 \fs13 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 45 \\f Symbol }}\f20 3 \par}
\f20 \fs23 l\par}
\f20 \fs23 3\i x\i0 10 \par}
\f10 \fs21 2- Encuentre\fs13 -4\fs21 l{\expndtw-30*} cor{\expndtw-30*}iente req
uerida en la b{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}na p{\expndtw-30*}ra pr{
\expndtw-30*}vocar un flujo m{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}co \par}
\f10 \fs21 de 4 x10 wb a travs del circuito magntico d{\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-30
*} siguiente figura . \par}
\f10 \fs21 rea de la {\expndtw-30*}eccin tran{\expndtw-30*}vers{\expndtw-30*}l = 2
x{\expndtw-30*}0\up5 \fs13 -3\up0 \fs21 m\up5 \fs13 2 \par}
\f10 \fs21 Longitud de la secci{\expndtw-30*}n = 0.16 m \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}= \par}
\f10 \fs23 N= 400 \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}cero \par}
\f10 \fs23 Fun{\expndtw-30*}ido \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}versidad T{\expndtw-30*}cno{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}gica {\expndtw-30*}e Puebl{\expndtw-30*} \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 1{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 El{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ricid{\expndtw-30*}d y El{\expnd
tw-30*}ctr{\expndtw-30*}ica Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transf{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mador{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}
Motores de in{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs54 I{\expndtw-30*}I Transform{\expndtw-30*}dores \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Obje{\expndtw-30*}ivo particular de la unida{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Conoce{\expndtw-30*} y se{\expndtw-30*}ecciona{\expndtw-30*} difer{\e
xpndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*} tipos de t{\expndtw-30*}ansformadores \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}abilidades por desar{\expndtw-30*}olla{\expndtw-30*}
en la un{\expndtw-30*}dad \par}
{\phpg\posx2005\pvpg\posy5086\absw102\absh261 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-6 {\f0\fs32 \
bullet }\par}
\f10 \fs21 Conocer el f{\expndtw-30*}ncionamiento de un trans{\expndtw-30*}ormad
o{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} las p{\expndtw-30*}rte{\expndtw-30*} que lo integ

ran. \par}
\f10 \fs21 R{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lizar clculos de medicin par{\expndtw-30*}
un tra{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ormador Real e ideal . \par}
bullet }\par}
\f10 \fs21 Rea{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}zar conexion{\expndtw-30*}s monofsicos
y trifsicas de transformad{\expndtw-30*}res . \par}
\f10 \fs21 Realiz{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} pruebas a tras{\expndtw-30*}sf{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}madores : \par}
\f10 \fs21 Dielct{\expndtw-30*}icas y de aisla{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}nt{\ex
pndtw-30*}, de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}la{\expndtw-30*}idad {\expndtw-30*} d
e r{\expndtw-30*}lac{\expndtw-30*}n de tr{\expndtw-30*}nsfo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}acin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Sab{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}n l{\expndtw-30*} Teora ( 7 hrs.)
\par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 II{\expndtw-30*}. I F{\expndtw-30*}nci{\expndtw-30*}namiento de u{
\expndtw-30*} Transformador \par}
f10 \fs21 El transf{\expndtw-30*}rmador, es un {\expndtw-30*}ispos{\expndtw-30*}
tivo que no t{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}e parte{\expndtw-30*} mviles, el cual t
r{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}fiere la \par}
f10 \fs21 energa el{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}ica de u{\expndtw-30*} circuito {\
expndtw-30*} otro bajo {\expndtw-30*}l pri{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ipi{\expnd
tw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}ndu{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n electro
magnti{\expndtw-30*}a. La \par}
f10 \fs21 transferenci{\expndtw-30*} de energa la {\expndtw-30*}ace por {\expndtw
-30*}o general c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} cambios en los valores de v{\expndt
w-30*}ltaj{\expndtw-30*}s y \par}
\f10 \fs21 co{\expndtw-30*}rient{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Est{\expndtw-30*} constituido por do{\expndtw-30*} o {\expndtw-30*}s b
obinas de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ambre, aisl{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*}
entre si elc{\expndtw-30*}ric{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}nte {\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}r lo \par}
\f10 \fs21 ge{\expndtw-30*}eral y arrolladas alrededor de u{\expndtw-30*} mismo
ncleo {\expndtw-30*}e mate{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}erromagntic
o. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}l tr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sf{\expndtw-30*}rmador
es un aparato electromag{\expndtw-30*}tico que puede \par}
\f10 \fs21 f{\expndtw-30*}nciones: \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.- Eleva{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} reduc{\expndtw-30*}r el volta
je {\expndtw-30*} la {\expndtw-30*}orriente \par}
\f10 \fs21 2.- Act{\expndtw-30*}ar co{\expndtw-30*}o un dis{\expndtw-30*}ositiv
o de acopl{\expndtw-30*}do{\expndtw-30*} de impedancia{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sid{\expndtw-30*}d Tecnol{\exp

ndtw-30*}gica \par}
\f10 \fs21 real{\expndtw-30*}zar l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} sig{\expndtw-30*}
ientes \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgina 1{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}lectrnic{\expndtw-30*}
Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores {\expndtw-30*} Motor{\expndtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*} i
ndu{\expndtw-30*}cin \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.- Aisl{\expndtw-30*}r un{\expndtw-30*} parte de la r{\expndtw-30*}d
de otra \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 La t{\expndtw-30*}ora del funciona{\expndtw-30*}iento de {\expndtw30*}n tran{\expndtw-30*}fo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ador es la que sig{\expndt
w-30*}e: \par}
f10 \fs21 1. {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ando {\expndtw-30*}e conecta el pr{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ario a un fuen{\expndtw-30*}e de fem alterna, por el {\ex
pndtw-30*}obina{\expndtw-30*}o comien{\expndtw-30*}a a \par}
\f10 \fs21 pasar una {\expndtw-30*}orriente {\expndtw-30*}lterna. \par}
f10 \fs21 2. E{\expndtw-30*} cuanto fluy{\expndtw-30*} una c{\expndtw-30*}rr{\ex
pndtw-30*}ente {\expndtw-30*}or un co{\expndtw-30*}duc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*}r se {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}a u{\expndtw-30*} campo mag{\expndtw-30*}ti{\
expndtw-30*}o alrededor \par}
f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*} l. Si la corriente cambia continuamente {\expndtw-30*}n
mag{\expndtw-30*}itud y la polaridad, el campo \par}
\f10 \fs21 ma{\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} que se or
igin{\expndtw-30*} en el ncleo de hierro har lo mismo. \par}
f10 \fs21 3. El campo magntico alte{\expndtw-30*}no est, por t{\expndtw-30*}nto, c
{\expndtw-30*}ntin{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}e expandindo{\expn
dtw-30*}e y \par}
\f10 \fs21 contray{\expndtw-30*}ndose. {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mo el c{\expn
dtw-30*}rcuit{\expndtw-30*} magn{\expndtw-30*}tico es cerrado, la variaci{\expnd
tw-30*}n del {\expndtw-30*}ampo mag{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tico \par}
\f10 \fs21 es la misma en cua{\expndtw-30*}quie{\expndtw-30*} parte del n{\expnd
tw-30*}cl{\expndtw-30*}o. \par}
f10 \fs21 4. Las lneas magnti{\expndtw-30*}as al expandi{\expndtw-30*}se y {\expnd
tw-30*}ontr{\expndtw-30*}erse cortarn a lo{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}nductores
situados \par}
f10 \fs21 e{\expndtw-30*} cual{\expndtw-30*}uier parte d{\expndtw-30*}l ncleo, y
de a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}erdo con el experimento de {\expndtw-30*}{\expnd
tw-30*}rad{\expndtw-30*}y , en stos \par}
\f10 \fs21 a{\expndtw-30*}are{\expndtw-30*}er una f{\expndtw-30*}m inducida. \par

}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}. Como a cada con{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}tor sob{\e
xpndtw-30*}e e{\expndtw-30*} ncleo le cort{\expndtw-30*} el m{\expndtw-30*}sm{\ex
pndtw-30*} f{\expndtw-30*}uj{\expndtw-30*}, la fem indu{\expndtw-30*}ida por \pa
r}
\f10 \fs21 vu{\expndtw-30*}lt{\expndtw-30*} ser{\expndtw-30*} la mis{\expndtw-30
*}a. P{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}anto, el voltaje en cada bobinado ser {\expnd
tw-30*}ro{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rci{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}l al nmero \
par}
\f10 \fs21 de vue{\expndtw-30*}tas; expre{\expndtw-30*}ado mat{\expndtw-30*}mtica
mente, esto es \par}
\f10 \fs21 EP \par}
\f10 \fs21 NP \par}
\f10 \fs21 ------ = ------ \par}
\f10 \fs21 ES \par}
\f10 \fs21 NS \par}
f10 \fs21 6. Se puede ver e{\expndtw-30*} esta ecuacin que e{\expndtw-30*} voltaj
e del secun{\expndtw-30*}ario se pue{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}ume{\expndtw-3
0*}t{\expndtw-30*}r o \par}
\f10 \fs21 disminuir el{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ien{\expndtw-30*}o u{\expndtw
-30*}a re{\expndtw-30*}acin de vuel{\expndtw-30*}as. \par}
\f10 \fs21 U{\expndtw-30*} transf{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mador e{\expndtw-30
*} {\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}ispositivo capaz de variar los valores de volta
je y c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}riente de u{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 nive{\expndtw-30*} a otro n{\expndtw-30*}vel sin variar {\expndtw-30
*}a frecuen{\expndtw-30*}ia, {\expndtw-30*}ola{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nte me
di{\expndtw-30*}nte acop{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}miento magntico. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Su importa{\expndtw-30*}cia reside en el he{\expndtw-30*}ho de que al
aumentar {\expndtw-30*}l vo{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}je se red{\expndtw-30*}
ce la corriente y \par}
\f10 \fs21 esto lo hace i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}pensa{\expnd
tw-30*}le en {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s sistema{\expndtw-30*} de po{\expndtw30*}encia para tran{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ti{\expndtw-30*} en
erg{\expndtw-30*} el{\expndtw-30*}ctric{\expndtw-30*} a \par}
\f10 \fs21 grandes dist{\expndtw-30*}ncia{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}isminuy{\
expndtw-30*}ndo las prdid{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 II{\expndtw-30*}.{\expndtw-30*} Fun{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n
es {\expndtw-30*}e las principales partes de un tra{\expndtw-30*}sfo{\expndtw-30
*}ma{\expndtw-30*}or \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}n trans{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}r consta de numer{\expndtw-30*}sas partes; siend{\expnd
tw-30*} l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30
*}ipales {\expndtw-30*}as sigu{\expndtw-30*}entes: \par}

\f10 \fs21 a) \par}
\f10 \fs21 b) \par}
\f10 \fs21 c) \par}
\f10 \fs21 d) \par}
\f10 \fs21 e) \par}
\f10 \fs21 f) \par}
\f10 \fs21 g) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Ncl{\expndtw-30*}o magntico. \par}
\f10 \fs21 B{\expndtw-30*}bi{\expndtw-30*}ados primario,secundario, terci{\expn
dtw-30*}rio, etc. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Tanque, recip{\expndtw-30*}ente o cubierta. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}ui{\expndtw-30*}las terminal{\expndtw-3
0*}s. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Medio refrigera{\expndtw-30*}te. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Conmutad{\expndtw-30*}res y a{\expndtw-30*}xiliares. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dicadores. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Uni{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}sida{\expndtw-30*} Tec{\expndt
w-30*}olgica de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}la \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgina 16 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}lectricid{\expndtw-30*}d y E{\expndtw-30*}e{\expn
dtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}nica Indu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsforma{\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}s y Motores de {
\expndtw-30*}nducci{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 a).- El {\expndtw-30*}cl{\expndtw-30*}o consti{\expndtw-30*}uye el cir
cuito magntic{\expndtw-30*} que transf{\expndtw-30*}ere energa d{\expndtw-30*} un
{\expndtw-30*}ircuit{\expndtw-30*} a otro y \par}
f10 \fs21 su func{\expndtw-30*}n pri{\expndtw-30*}cipal {\expndtw-30*}s l{\expndt
w-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}onduc{\expndtw-30*}r el fluj{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*
}ctivo. Es{\expndtw-30*} sujeto por {\expndtw-30*}l herraje o \par}
f10 \fs21 bastidor, se c{\expndtw-30*}ns{\expndtw-30*}ruye de l{\expndtw-30*}min
ac{\expndtw-30*}ones d{\expndtw-30*} ace{\expndtw-30*}o al silic{\expndtw-30*}o
(4%) y {\expndtw-30*}us gruesos {\expndtw-30*}on d{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
f10 \fs21 ord{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}e 0.0{\expndtw-30*}4 {\expndtw-30*}{\
expndtw-30*} pu{\expndtw-30*}gada{\expndtw-30*} (0.{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}5
mm) {\expndtw-30*}on un aisl{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}te {\expndtw-30*}e 0.001

de pulgada (0.02{\expndtw-30*}4 \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}m). \par}
f10 \fs21 b).- Los bo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nados {\expndtw-30*}onsti{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}yen los circuitos de {\expndtw-30*}limentaci{\expndtw-30*}
n y carga; pu{\expndtw-30*}den ser de una o \par}
f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}es f{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es, y por la corriente
y nmero de espi{\expndtw-30*}as, {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}eden ser de alam{\ex
pndtw-30*}res de{\expndtw-30*}gado, \par}
f10 \fs21 gru{\expndtw-30*}so o de barra. {\expndtw-30*}a funcin de los devanado{
\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}rear un ca{\expndtw-30*}po magntico \
par}
f10 \fs21 ({\expndtw-30*}rimario con un{\expndtw-30*} prdi{\expndtw-30*}a de ener
ga muy pequ{\expndtw-30*}a y uti{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ar e{\expndtw-30*} fl
ujo para inducir una \par}
\f10 \fs21 f{\expndtw-30*}erz{\expndtw-30*} elec{\expndtw-30*}romotri{\expndtw-3
0*} (secu{\expndtw-30*}dar{\expndtw-30*}o). \par}
\f10 \fs21 c).- El {\expndtw-30*}anque o recipien{\expndtw-30*}e es un element{\
expndtw-30*} indi{\expndtw-30*}pensable en a{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}llo{\ex
pndtw-30*} transformad{\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*} cuyo \par}
f10 \fs21 medio de re{\expndtw-30*}riger{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*} no es el aire; sin emb{\expndtw-30*}rgo, puede prescin{\expndt
w-30*}irse {\expndtw-30*}e l e{\expndtw-30*} casos \par}
\f10 \fs21 especiales. Su fu{\expndtw-30*}cin {\expndtw-30*}s la de radiar el cal
or p{\expndtw-30*}oducido en el tra{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ormador. \par}
f10 \fs21 d).- L{\expndtw-30*} boq{\expndtw-30*}illa p{\expndtw-30*}rmi{\expndtw
-30*}e el paso {\expndtw-30*}e la corri{\expndtw-30*}nte a travs del tr{\expndtw30*}nsformador y la evita qu{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 haya {\expndtw-30*}n escape indebid{\expndtw-30*} de corriente y con
la {\expndtw-30*}roteccin c{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ra flam{\expndtw-30*}o. \
par}
\f10 \fs21 e).- El {\expndtw-30*}edio ref{\expndtw-30*}igera{\expndtw-30*}te deb
e ser bu{\expndtw-30*}n condu{\expndtw-30*}tor del c{\expndtw-30*}lor; puede ser
lqu{\expndtw-30*}do) co{\expndtw-30*}o en la \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ayora de los tra{\expndtw-30*}sformadores d{\expndtw-30*
} {\expndtw-30*}ran potencia), sli{\expndtw-30*}o o semislido. \par}
f10 \fs21 f).- Los con{\expndtw-30*}utad{\expndtw-30*}res, {\expndtw-30*}ambiado
res de derivaciones o taps, son rganos destinados a \par}
f10 \fs21 cambi{\expndtw-30*}r la rel{\expndtw-30*}cin de v{\expndtw-30*}l{\expnd
tw-30*}ajes de entrada y salida, {\expndtw-30*}on {\expndtw-30*}l objet{\expndtw
-30*} de regu{\expndtw-30*}ar el p{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}ncial d{\expndtw30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}n sistema o la {\expndtw-30*}ransfere{\expndtw-30*}c{\ex
pndtw-30*}a de ener{\expndtw-30*}a activa o rea{\expndtw-30*}tiva \par}

f10 \fs21 entre los sistema{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*}rc{\expndtw-30*}nectados. Exis{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}n dos tipos de e{\expndtw-30*}los: sen{\expndtw-30*}ill{\expnd
tw-30*}, de camb{\expndtw-30*}o sin carga, y el \par}
\f10 \fs21 perfeccio{\expndtw-30*}ado, {\expndtw-30*}e cam{\expndtw-30*}i{\expnd
tw-30*} con c{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}a p{\expndtw-30*}o medio de seal {\expn
dtw-30*} automtico. \par}
f10 \fs21 g).- Los indicad{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}on aparat
{\expndtw-30*}s que n{\expndtw-30*}s se{\expndtw-30*}alan el estado {\expndtw-30
*}el tra{\expndtw-30*}sforma{\expndtw-30*}or. P{\expndtw-30*}r \par}
\f10 \fs21 eje{\expndtw-30*}plo, marcan e{\expndtw-30*} ni{\expndtw-30*}el del lq
{\expndtw-30*}id{\expndtw-30*} a la temp{\expndtw-30*}ratura, p{\expndtw-30*}esin
, {\expndtw-30*}tc{\expndtw-30*}era \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Partes e{\expndtw-30*}enc{\expndtw-30*}ales {\expndtw-30*}e{\expnd
tw-30*} transformador. \par}
\f10 \fs21 1. Tanque \par}
\f10 \fs21 2. Tubos {\expndtw-30*}adiadores. \par}
\f10 \fs21 3. Ncleo (ci{\expndtw-30*}cui{\expndtw-30*}o magntico). \par}
\f10 \fs21 4. D{\expndtw-30*}vanados. \par}
\f10 \fs21 5. Rel de protecci{\expndtw-30*}n b{\expndtw-30*}chholz. \par}
\f10 \fs21 6. Tanque conse{\expndtw-30*}vador (8 al 10% del vol{\expndtw-30*}men
del tanque). \par}
\f10 \fs21 7. In{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ador de aceit{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 8. T{\expndtw-30*}bo de escape e{\expndtw-30*} ca{\expndtw-30*}o de e
xplosi{\expndtw-30*} (v{\expndtw-30*}lv{\expndtw-30*}la d{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*}resin). \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}. Boqu{\expndtw-30*}llas o aisladores de potencia. \par
}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}0. T{\expndtw-30*}rmmetro{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 11. {\expndtw-30*}onexin de los tubo{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dore{\expndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*} tanque
. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}2. T{\expndtw-30*}rnill{\expndtw-30*}s opr{\expndtw-30
*}sores para da{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ig{\expndtw-30*}de{\expndtw-30*} {\e
xpndtw-30*}l n{\expndtw-30*}cleo. \par}
\f10 \fs21 13. Base d{\expndtw-30*} rola{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 14. {\expndtw-30*}efrig{\expndtw-30*}rante. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad T{\expndtw-30*}cnolgic{\expndtw-30*} de Puebla \par
}

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgi{\expndtw-30*}a 17 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad {\expndtw-30*} Electr{\expndtw-30*}ica {\expndtw-30
*}ndu{\expndtw-30*}trial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Motores de in{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 TRANSFORMADOR IDEAL \par}
f10 \fs21 Un t{\expndtw-30*}ansf{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ador ideal e{\expnd
tw-30*} un arte{\expndtw-30*}acto s{\expndtw-30*}n pr{\expndtw-30*}idas, con un{\
expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}obina de entrada y una \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}obina de salid{\expndtw-30*}. Las rela{\expndtw-30*}ione
s entre los vol{\expndtw-30*}ajes de entrada y de salida, y e{\expndtw-30*}tre l
a \par}
\f10 \fs21 co{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}te de entra{\expndtw-30
*}a y d{\expndtw-30*} sali{\expndtw-30*}a, se estable{\expndtw-30*}e mediant{\ex
pndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}s ecuaciones senc{\expndtw-30*}llas. La figur{\expndtw
-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 l mues{\expndtw-30*}ra un transform{\expndtw-30*}dor id{\expndtw-30*}
al. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ur{\expndtw-30*} 1. a) E{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a de un transfor{\expndtw-30*}ador ide
al. b) Sm{\expndtw-30*}olos es{\expndtw-30*}uemtic{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}{\
expndtw-30*} un \par}
\f10 \fs21 transformador ideal. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 U{\expndtw-30*}iversidad Tecnolgica {\expndtw-30*}e Pueb{\expnd
tw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}gina 18 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y Electrnica Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transfor{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}ores y Mot{\expndtw-30*}res {\ex
pndtw-30*}e in{\expndtw-30*}ucci{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} el {\expndtw-30*}ransfo{\expndtw-30*}mador que se mue
stra en l{\expndtw-30*} fig{\expndtw-30*}ra 1 t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ne N\
dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs21 espir{\expndtw-30*}s de a{\expndtw-30*}amb{\expndtw-30*}e
so{\expndtw-30*}re su \par}
\f10 \fs21 lado prim{\expndtw-30*}rio y N\dn4 \fs13 S\dn0 \fs21 de espiras d{\e
xpndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*}ambre en su lado secundario. {\expndtw-30*}a relacin e
{\expndtw-30*}tre el \par}
\f10 \fs21 vo{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e V\dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs2
1 (t) a{\expndtw-30*}lica{\expndtw-30*}o al lado primario d{\expndtw-30*}l tra{\
expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}formado{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}l v

oltaje V\dn4 \fs13 S\dn0 \fs21 ({\expndtw-30*}) ind{\expndtw-30*}cido sobre s{\e
xpndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 lado secundario es \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs21 (t) / V\dn4 \fs13 S\dn0 \fs21 (t
) = N\dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs21 / N\dn4 \fs13 S\dn0 \fs21 =\i a \par}
\f10 \fs21 En donde\i a\i0 se d{\expndtw-30*}fine como la relaci{\expndtw-30*}
n {\expndtw-30*}e espiras del transforma{\expndtw-30*}or \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 a\i0 = N\dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs21 / N\dn4 \fs13 S \par}
f10 \fs21 La rela{\expndtw-30*}in e{\expndtw-30*}tre {\expndtw-30*}a corri{\expnd
tw-30*}nte ip(t) que fluy{\expndtw-30*} en el lado primario del tra{\expndtw-30*
}{\expndtw-30*}f{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}or y la \par}
\f10 \fs21 corri{\expndtw-30*}nte i{\expndtw-30*}({\expndtw-30*}) {\expndtw-30*}
ue fl{\expndtw-30*}ye hacia {\expndtw-30*}uera de{\expndtw-30*} lado s{\expndtw30*}cund{\expndtw-30*}rio d{\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}ran{\expndtw-30*}for{\e
xpndtw-30*}ador es \par}
\f10 \fs21 N\dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs21 * i\dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs21 (t) = N\dn4 \fs13
S\dn0 \fs21 * i\dn4 \fs13 S\dn0 \fs21 (t) \par}
\f10 \fs21 i\dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs21 (t) / i\dn4 \fs13 S\dn0 \fs21 (t) = 1 /\i a
\par}
\f10 \fs21 En tr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nos de cantidades fasori{\expndtw-30*
}{\expndtw-30*}es, estas ecuaciones son \par}
\f10 \fs21 V\dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs21 / V\dn4 \fs13 S\dn0 \fs21 =\i a \par}
\f10 \fs21 I\dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs21 / I\dn4 \fs13 S\dn0 \fs21 = 1 /\i a \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Potencia en un transf{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ado{\expndtw-30*
} ideal \par}
\f10 \fs21 La potencia suministra{\expndtw-30*}a al transfo{\expndtw-30*}mado{\e
xpndtw-30*} por el {\expndtw-30*}ir{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ito pri{\expndtw30*}ario se e{\expndtw-30*}pre{\expndtw-30*}a po{\expndtw-30*} medio de \par}
\f10 \fs21 la {\expndtw-30*}cu{\expndtw-30*}cin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 P\dn4 \fs15 ent\dn0 \fs23 = V\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 * I\dn4 \fs1
5 P\dn0 \fs23 * {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s\expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMB
OL 113 \\f Symbol }} \par}
f10 \fs21 En donde \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} es el {
\expndtw-30*}gulo entre el voltaje y la corrie{\expndtw-30*}te secund{\expndtw-3
0*}ria. La potencia que el \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}rcui{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}undario suministr{\expndtw-30*} a sus car{\expndtw-30*}as se est{\expndt
w-30*}blece por {\expndtw-30*}a e{\expndtw-30*}uacin: \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 P\dn4 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}al\dn0 \fs23 = V\dn4 \fs15 S\dn0 \fs23
* {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 S\dn0 \fs23 * cos \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYM
BOL 113 \\f Symbol }} \par}

f10 \fs21 En donde es \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} {\e
xpndtw-30*}l ngulo entre el voltaj{\expndtw-30*} y la co{\expndtw-30*}riente {\ex
pndtw-30*}ec{\expndtw-30*}nd{\expndtw-30*}rios. P{\expndtw-30*}esto {\expndtw-30
*}ue los \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ngulos entre el v{\expndtw-30*}ltaje y la c{\expndtw-30*
}r{\expndtw-30*}iente no se afectan {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} un transformado
r ideal,. Las \par}
f10 \fs21 bobinas p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mar{\expndtw-30*}a y secunda{\exp
ndtw-30*}ia {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} un transform{\expndtw-30*}dor ide{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} tienen el mismo factor de \par}
f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cia. \par}
\f10 \fs21 La pot{\expndtw-30*}ncia de sa{\expndtw-30*}ida de un tr{\expndtw-30*
}n{\expndtw-30*}formador ideal es igual a su potencia d{\expndtw-30*} entrada. \
par}
\f10 \fs23 P\dn4 \fs15 sal\dn0 \fs23 = V\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 * I\dn4 \fs15
P\dn0 \fs23 * cos \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} = P\dn
4 \fs15 en{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 La mi{\expndtw-30*}ma relac{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
} se ap{\expndtw-30*}ica a la potencia reactiva Q y {\expndtw-30*}a pote{\expndt
w-30*}cia aparente S. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 Q\dn4 \fs15 ent\dn0 \fs23 = V\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 *I\dn4 \fs1
5 P\dn0 \fs23 *sen \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} = V\d
n4 \fs15 S\dn0 \fs23 *I\dn4 \fs15 S\dn0 \fs23 *sen \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldin
st SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} = {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 sal \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 S\dn4 \fs15 ent\dn0 \fs23 = V\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 *I\dn4 \fs1
5 P\dn0 \fs23 = V\dn4 \fs15 S\dn0 \fs23 *I\dn4 \fs15 S\dn0 \fs23 = S\dn4 \fs1
5 sa{\expndtw-30*} \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Transfo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}acin de la impedanc{\expndtw-30
*}a por medio {\expndtw-30*}e u{\expndtw-30*} transformador \par}
\f10 \fs21 La impedancia de salid{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}n
trasfo{\expndtw-30*}mador s{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ine {\exp
ndtw-30*}omo la rela{\expndtw-30*}in f{\expndtw-30*}sorial entre el \par}
\f10 \fs21 voltaje y la c{\expndtw-30*}rriente {\expndtw-30*}ue {\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*} at{\expndtw-30*}avies{\expndtw-30*}n: \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 ZL = VL / IL \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}gica de Pue{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 E{\expndtw-30*}ectricidad y E{\expndtw-30*}ectr{\expndtw-30*}ic{
\expndtw-30*} Industri{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ransform{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}s y

Motores {\expndtw-30*}e induccin \par}
f10 \fs21 Una de las p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}pie{\expndtw-30*}ades interesa
ntes de un {\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}sformador {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
q{\expndtw-30*}e, co{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}mbia{\expndtw-30
*} los \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ivele{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} voltaje o corriente,
ta{\expndtw-30*}bin cambi{\expndtw-30*} la p{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}orcin en
{\expndtw-30*}re el {\expndtw-30*}oltaje y cor{\expndtw-30*}iente y \par}
f10 \fs21 po{\expndtw-30*} consiguien{\expndtw-30*}e, l{\expndtw-30*} impedancia
aparente de un e{\expndtw-30*}emento. P{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a entender m
ej{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}sta idea \par}
\f10 \fs21 vase la sigui{\expndtw-30*}nte figu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} 2. \pa
r}
\f10 \fs21 Figura 2. a) Defi{\expndtw-30*}icin de impedancia. b) Escalamient{\exp
ndtw-30*} de la impe{\expndtw-30*}ancia {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ravs de {\ex
pndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 trans{\expndtw-30*}orma{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}i la corriente se{\expndtw-30*}unda{\expndtw-30*}ia s{\
expndtw-30*} lla{\expndtw-30*}a Is y el volt{\expndtw-30*}j{\expndtw-30*} s{\exp
ndtw-30*}cundario Vs, entonc{\expndtw-30*}s la im{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}d{\
expndtw-30*}ncia de \par}
\f10 \fs21 la carga total se expresa por \par}
\f10 \fs23 Z\dn4 \fs15 L\dn0 \fs23 = V\dn4 \fs15 S\dn8 /\dn0 \fs23 I\dn4 \fs1
5 S \par}
\f10 \fs21 La imped{\expndtw-30*}ncia apare{\expndtw-30*}te d{\expndtw-30*}l cir
cuito prim{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}o de{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ra{\expn
dtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ormad{\expndtw-30*}r es \par}
\f10 \fs23 Z\dn4 \fs15 L\dn0 \fs23 = V\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 / I\dn4 \fs15 P \
par}
\f10 \fs21 Como el voltaje {\expndtw-30*}rimario se puede expresar como: \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 =\i a\i0 * V\dn4 \fs15 S \
par}
\f10 \fs21 Y {\expndtw-30*}a corrien{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}i{\expndtw-30*}ar{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 = {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 S\d
n0 \fs23 /\i a \par}
\f10 \fs21 La impedancia del pri{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rio {\expndtw-30*}s
\par}
\f10 \fs23 Z\dn4 \fs15 L\dn0 \fs23 = V\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 /{\expndtw-30*}\
dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 = (\i a\i0 * V\dn4 \fs15 S\dn0 \fs23 ) / (I\dn4 \fs15 S\
dn0 \fs23 /\i a\i0 ) =\i {\expndtw-30*}\i0 * (V\dn4 \fs15 S\dn0 \fs23 / I\dn4
\fs15 S\dn0 \fs23 ) \par}

\f10 \fs23 Z\dn4 \fs15 L\dn0 \fs23 =\i a\i0 * {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 L \par}
\f10 \fs21 Con un {\expndtw-30*}ransf{\expndtw-30*}rmador es posi{\expndtw-30*}l
e acoplar la magnitud de {\expndtw-30*}a impeda{\expndtw-30*}cia de {\expndtw-30
*}a carga con la \par}
\f10 \fs21 magn{\expndtw-30*}tud de la impe{\expndtw-30*}ancia {\expndtw-30*}e
{\expndtw-30*}a fuen{\expndtw-30*}e es{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
iendo sencill{\expndtw-30*}mente la rel{\expndtw-30*}cin aprop{\expndtw-30*}ada d
e \par}
\f10 \fs21 espiras. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Unive{\expndtw-30*}sidad Te{\expndtw-30*}nolgic{\expndtw-30*} d
e Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y Electr{\expndtw-30*}ica {\expndtw-30*}ndustrial \
par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsfo{\expndtw-30*}madores y {\expndtw-30*}ot{\expndtw
-30*}re{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}nduccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Anlisis de los ci{\expndtw-30*}cuitos {\expndtw-30*}ue contien{\exp
ndtw-30*}n transf{\expndtw-30*}rmadores id{\expndtw-30*}ales \par}
f10 \fs21 Si un ci{\expndtw-30*}cuito contiene un tran{\expndtw-30*}formador ide
al, {\expndtw-30*}nton{\expndtw-30*}es la forma {\expndtw-30*}s fcil de ca{\expndt
w-30*}cular {\expndtw-30*}os \par}
f10 \fs21 vo{\expndtw-30*}tajes y cor{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}entes {\expndtw
-30*}el circuit{\expndtw-30*} es reemp{\expndtw-30*}az{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*} la porc{\expndtw-30*}n del ci{\expndtw-30*}cuito de u{\expndtw-30*}o de los la
dos \par}
\f10 \fs21 de{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ransformador por un{\expndtw-30*} {\ex
pndtw-30*}quivalente con las mismas carac{\expndtw-30*}ers{\expndtw-30*}icas te{\
expndtw-30*}minales. {\expndtw-30*}espus \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ue {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} circu{\expndtw-30*}to eq
uivalen{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}e h{\expndtw-30*} su{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}ituido por un lado, el c{\expndtw-30*}rc{\expndtw-30*}ito resu{\expndtw-30*
}tante (si{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 transfor{\expndtw-30*}ador) pued{\expndtw-30*} calcularse por sus volt
ajes y corrientes. {\expndtw-30*}n la porc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n del circ
uito \par}
f10 \fs21 que {\expndtw-30*}o s{\expndtw-30*} modific, l{\expndtw-30*}s result{\e
xpndtw-30*}dos obt{\expndtw-30*}nido{\expndtw-30*} sern los valor{\expndtw-30*}s
co{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ecto{\expndtw-30*} de l{\expndtw-30*}s v{\expndtw30*}ltaj{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} y \par}
f10 \fs21 corrientes del otro {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}do del transformador.
E{\expndtw-30*} proceso d{\expndtw-30*} reem{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}azar {\e
xpndtw-30*}n lado d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}n \par}

f10 \fs21 tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformador por su nivel de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}ltaje equivalen{\expndtw-30*}e de{\expndtw-30*} otr{\expndtw-30*} lad{\expndtw30*} se llama reflexin o \par}
\f10 \fs21 referencia del {\expndtw-30*}rimer lado {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
segundo lad{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Ejerc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}io{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 1. -P{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} el transfo{\expndtw-30
*}mad{\expndtw-30*}r con ncleo de hier{\expndtw-30*}o ( {\expndtw-30*} = 1 ) de l
a siguiente fig{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 a).- D{\expndtw-30*}term{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e la ma{\expndtw30*}nitud d{\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}oltaje inducido Es. \par}
\f10 \fs21 b).- Calcul{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}l fl{\expndtw-30*}jo mximo \ex
pndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f Symbol }}\dn4 \fs13 m \par}
\f10 \fs23 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f Symbol }}\dn4 \fs15 m \pa
r}
f10 \fs23 Np = 240 \par}
f10 \fs23 Ep = 25 V \par}
f10 \fs23 Ns = 30 \par}
\f10 \fs23 Es = \par}
f10 \fs23 f = 60 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 2.-, P{\expndtw-30*}ra {\expndtw-30*}l tran{\expndtw-30*}form{\expndt
w-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}r c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} ncleo de {\expndtw-30*}ie{\e
xpndtw-30*}ro d{\expndtw-30*} la fig{\expndtw-30*}ra {\expndtw-30*}iguiente : \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}).- D{\expndtw-30*}fina l{\expndtw-30*} magn{\expndtw-3
0*}tud de la corri{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}te I\dn4 \fs13 L\dn0 \fs21 y el v
{\expndtw-30*}ltaje V\dn4 \fs13 L\dn0 \fs21 si {\expndtw-30*}p = 2 Amperes {\ex
pndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs13 L\dn0 \fs21 = es un \par}
\f10 \fs21 resist{\expndtw-30*}r de 2 oh{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
\f10 \fs21 b.- Calcule la r{\expndtw-30*}si{\expndtw-30*}ten{\expndtw-30*}ia de
entrada con los da{\expndtw-30*}os especifi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dos en el
incis{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}) \par}
\f30 \fs27 {\expndtw-30*}p=50 \par}
\f30 \fs27 Vg \par}
\f30 \fs27 Ns=250 \par}
\f30 \fs21 Z\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Unive{\expndtw-30*}sidad Te{\expndtw-30*}nolgica de Pu{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}la \par}

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgina {\expndtw-30*}1 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ricida{\expndtw-30*
} y {\expndtw-30*}lectr{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}a Indu{\expndtw-30*}tria{\exp
ndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores {\expndtw-30*} Mot{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es de i
{\expndtw-30*}duccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 III.3 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}ircuito equivalente de un Tra{\expndtw-30*}sformador
\par}
f10 \fs21 Para el anli{\expndtw-30*}is {\expndtw-30*}el circuito equival{\expndtw
-30*}nte del t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nsfo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ador,
convien{\expndtw-30*} represen{\expndtw-30*}ar c{\expndtw-30*}da uno \par}
f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*} los transfor{\expndtw-30*}ado{\expndtw-30*}es mo{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}f{\expndtw-30*}sicos qu{\expndtw-30*} com{\expndtw-30*}one
n {\expndtw-30*}n banco trifs{\expndtw-30*}co por un circuito \par}
\f10 \fs21 equivalen{\expndtw-30*}e. Co{\expndtw-30*}o los {\expndtw-30*}fectos
{\expndtw-30*}e las capacidad{\expndtw-30*}s de los de{\expndtw-30*}anado{\expnd
tw-30*} y de los arm{\expndtw-30*}nicos de \par}
f10 \fs21 la{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ntes {\e
xpndtw-30*}e excitac{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} sue{\expndtw-30*}en se{\expndtw30*} desprec{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}les, po{\expndtw-30*}r u{\expndtw-30*}il
izarse cualquiera d{\expndtw-30*} los \par}
\f10 \fs21 circ{\expndtw-30*}itos equivalentes {\expndtw-30*}educidos {\expndtw30*}a{\expndtw-30*}a el caso de los mo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}fs{\expndtw-30*
}cos. \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}os devanad{\expndtw-30*}s pr{\expndtw-30*}mario {\expndt
w-30*} secundario de un {\expndtw-30*}ransformador presentan cada{\expndtw-30*} d
e voltaje \par}
\f10 \fs21 debida{\expndtw-30*} a la resistencia y la reactancia. \par}
\f10 \fs21 1. \par}
\f10 \fs21 La resistencia {\expndtw-30*}e los {\expndtw-30*}evanad{\expndtw-30*}
s depende del {\expndtw-30*}at{\expndtw-30*}rial, de la longitud {\expndtw-30*}
de la \par}
\f10 \fs21 s{\expndtw-30*}ccin transversal \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 \cf3 2. \par}
f10 \fs21 La {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}acta{\expndtw-30*}cia de los devan{\exp
ndtw-30*}dos depende de {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} encade{\expndtw-30*}amient
os de flujo, \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}a qu{\expndtw-30*} de ellos depende l{\expndtw-30*} indu
ct{\expndtw-30*}ncia. (y\i \f20 \fs23 X\dn6 \fs13 L\i0 \dn0 \f40 \fs23 =\i \f
20 jwL\i0 \f10 \fs21 ) \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnolg{\expndtw-30*}ca de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}na 22 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elec{\expndtw-30*}ric{\expndtw-30*}dad y Electr{\expndtw-30*}ni
ca Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tra{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rmador{\expndtw-30*}s y
Mot{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es de ind{\expndtw-30*}ccin \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Uni{\expndtw-30*}ersi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}d Te{\expndtw
-30*}nolgica {\expndtw-30*}e P{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}bla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electri{\expndtw-30*}idad {\expndtw-30*} Electrnica Industr{\exp
ndtw-30*}al \par}
\f10 \fs15 Trans{\expndtw-30*}ormado{\expndtw-30*}es y {\expndtw-30*}otores de i
nduccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}RC{\expndtw-30*}ITO EQUIVALENTE REDUCI
DO \par}
f10 \fs21 La Rc y la Xm de un transformador real so{\expndtw-30*} valores muy al
{\expndtw-30*}os comparados con los \par}
f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*}ms elemen{\expndtw-30*}os del circuito {\expndtw-30*}qui
{\expndtw-30*}al{\expndtw-30*}nte, por lo ta{\expndtw-30*}to la corriente de exc
itacin\i i\dn4 \fs13 0\i0 \dn0 \fs21 , es \par}
f10 \fs21 mucho menor {\expndtw-30*}ue la corriente\i i\dn4 \fs13 1\i0 \dn0 \fs
21 . Si la corriente d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}xcitacin se i{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}ora {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}to{\expndtw-30*}ces \par}
\f10 \fs21 pod{\expndtw-30*}mos reducir el ci{\expndtw-30*}cu{\expndtw-30*}to eq
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}va{\expndtw-30*}ente de la s{\expndtw-30*}guiente {\
expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nera. \par}
\f30 \fs16 {\expndtw-30*}p \par}
\f30 \fs16 Xp \par}
\f30 \fs16 {\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f30 \fs16 {\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f30 \fs16 {\expndtw-30*}ca \par}
\f30 \fs16 R{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f30 \fs20 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsfor{\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}r \par}

\f30 \fs20 {\expndtw-30*}deal \par}
\f10 \fs21 S{\expndtw-30*} reflejamos los valores del circu{\expndtw-30*}to secu
ndar{\expndtw-30*}o al cir{\expndtw-30*}uito primar{\expndtw-30*}o obtendr{\expn
dtw-30*}mos el \par}
\f10 \fs21 siguiente circuito eq{\expndtw-30*}iv{\expndtw-30*}lente. \par}
\f10 \fs23 Rp \par}
\f10 \fs23 a\up5 \fs15 2\up0 \fs23 Rs \par}
\f10 \fs23 X{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 a\up5 \fs15 2\up0 \fs23 X{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 Vca \par}
\f30 \fs20 {\expndtw-30*}V{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 a\up5 \fs15 2\up0 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Los valo{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}e resiste{\expndtw-30*}cias y
r{\expndtw-30*}actanci{\expndtw-30*}s del transfo{\expndtw-30*}mador se {\expnd
tw-30*}ueden ju{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}r para obtene{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 valores equiva{\expndtw-30*}entes {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} el ci
rcuit{\expndtw-30*} primar{\expndtw-30*}o. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 Re = Rp + a\up5 \fs15 2\up0 \fs23 Rs \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 Xe = Xp + a\up5 \fs15 2\up0 \fs23 Xs \par}
\f10 \fs23 La cor{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}e en el c{\expndtw
-30*}rcuito pr{\expndtw-30*}mario se puede obte{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r \pa
r}
up0 \f20 \fs27 I{\expndtw-30*}\i0 \f40 \fs27 = \par}
up0 \f20 \fs27 Vca \par}
\f20 \fs27 Re\f40 \fs27 +\i \f20 \fs27 {\expndtw-30*}\i0 \up8 \fs13 2\i \up0 \
fs27 R{\expndtw-30*}\i0 \f40 \fs27 +\i \f20 \fs27 j{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Te{\expndtw-30*}no{\expndtw-30*}gica {\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*} Pueb{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}lectricida{\expndtw-30*} y El{\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}trnica Industri{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transforma{\expndtw-30*}ores {\expndtw-30*} Mot{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}es de inducc{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
f10 \fs21 Si ref{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}am{\expndtw-30*}s los val{\expndtw30*}re{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}l circu{\expndtw-30*}to prima{\expndtw-30*}i

o al ci{\expndtw-30*}cui{\expndtw-30*}o secun{\expndtw-30*}ario obtendremos el \
par}
\f10 \fs21 siguiente ci{\expndtw-30*}cui{\expndtw-30*}o equivale{\expndtw-30*}te
. \par}
f10 \fs23 Rp/ {\expndtw-30*}\up5 \fs15 2 \par}
f10 \fs23 X{\expndtw-30*}/ a\up5 \fs15 2 \par}
\f10 \fs23 Xs \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\ul V}{\ul c}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}} \par}
f10 \fs23 a\par}
\f30 \fs20 {\expndtw-30*}L \par}
\f10 \fs21 Los v{\expndtw-30*}lores {\expndtw-30*}e resistencias y reactancias d
el transformador se pueden j{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ar par{\expndtw-30*} ob
tener \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}alores equi{\expndtw-30*}alentes {\expndtw-30*}n el cir
cuito secundario . \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Re ={\ul }{\ul R}{\ul p} + {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 a\up5 \fs15 2 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Xe ={\ul }{\ul X}{\ul p} + {\expndtw-30*}s \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 a\up5 \fs15 2 \par}
\f10 \fs23 Si a{\expndtw-30*}licamos la{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*}y{\expndtw-30*}s de Ohm {\expndtw-30*} de Kerchhof{\expndtw-30*} podem{\expndt
w-30*}s obtener la co{\expndtw-30*}riente \par}
\f10 \fs23 se{\expndtw-30*}undaria en el circuit{\expndtw-30*} secundar{\expndtw
-30*}o. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}II.4 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 REGULACIN DE VOLTAJ{\expndtw-30*} Y EFICIENC{\expndtw-30*}A DEL {\e
xpndtw-30*}RANSFORMADOR \par}
\f10 \fs21 La regulac{\expndtw-30*}n de {\expndtw-30*}olt{\expndtw-30*}je {\expnd
tw-30*}e un transformador es la cantidad adicion{\expndtw-30*}l de volt{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e q{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs21 requiere el tra{\expndtw-30*}sform{\expndtw-30*}dor con el s{\expndtw30*}cunda{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} abierto, necesario {\expndtw-30*}ara m{\e
xpndtw-30*}ntener u{\expndtw-30*} volt{\expndtw-30*}je \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}nstante al apl{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}arl{\expndtw
-30*} ca{\expndtw-30*}ga. \par}

\f20 \fs23 %\i r{\expndtw-30*}gulac{\expndtw-30*}n\i0 \f40 =\i \f20 Vc\i0 \f40
\expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 45 \\f Symbol }}\i \f20 {\expndtw-30*}pc
{\expndtw-30*}\i0 100 \par}
up0 \f20 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}pc \par}
\f10 \fs21 Vc = {\expndtw-30*}oltaje medido en el se{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}ndario sin carga (volt{\expndtw-30*}je en v{\expndtw-30*}co) \par}
\f10 \fs21 V{\expndtw-30*}c = Voltaje m{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ido en el {\
expndtw-30*}ecu{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}io a p{\expndtw-30*}en
a carga \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}f{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ienci{\ex
pndtw-30*} de un {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ans{\expndtw-30*}orm{\expndtw-30*}d
or es la relaci{\expndtw-30*} de salida {\expndtw-30*} la rela{\expndtw-30*}i{\ex
pndtw-30*}n de ent{\expndtw-30*}ada: \par}
\f20 \fs23 %\i {\expndtw-30*}ficienc{\expndtw-30*}a\i0 \f40 =\i \f20 {\expndtw
-30*}otencia\i0 ...\i de\i0 ...\i s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ida X\i0 100 \par
}
up0 \f20 \fs23 P{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}nc{\expndtw-30*}a\i0 ...\i de\i0 ..
.\i {\expndtw-30*}ntrada \par}
\f10 \fs21 La potencia de salida {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}on{\expndtw-30*}i
d{\expndtw-30*}ra com{\expndtw-30*} la poten{\expndtw-30*}ia q{\expndtw-30*}e en
trega el tran{\expndtw-30*}formado{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 a la carg{\expndtw-30*} y es igual a la {\expndtw-30*}oten{\expndtw30*}ia {\expndtw-30*}e entrada menos l{\expndtw-30*}s prdidas. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Dado qu{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}n tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformador es u
na mquina e{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ca, es {\expndtw-30*}ecir, n
o tiene partes en \par}
\f10 \fs21 mo{\expndtw-30*}imi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}to, carece de prdi{\exp
ndtw-30*}as por friccin y {\expndtw-30*}esgaste por lo {\expndtw-30*}ue tiene un{
\expndtw-30*} alta e{\expndtw-30*}icien{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 que depe{\expndtw-30*}de de las prdid{\expndtw-30*}s po{\expndtw-30*}
calor gen{\expndtw-30*}rad{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}n el {\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}cleo y en los devan{\expndtw-30*}dos. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Uni{\expndtw-30*}ers{\expndtw-30*}dad Tecn{\expndtw-30*}lgic{\e
xpndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}na 25 \
par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electric{\expndtw-30*}dad y Ele{\expndtw-30*}trn{\expndtw-30*}c{
\expndtw-30*} Indust{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tra{\expndtw-30*}sformad{\expndtw-30*}res y Motores de induccin \par}
f10 \fs21 Las prdidas en {\expndtw-30*}os deva{\expndtw-30*}ado{\expndtw-30*} re{

\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}n el nombre de prdi{\expndtw-30*}a{\exp
ndtw-30*} en el cobre y se deben \par}
\f10 \fs21 principalmente al paso de la corriente elctrica {\expndtw-30*}n los {\
expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}ados. \par}
f10 \fs21 La{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}didas en {\expndtw-30*}l n
{\expndtw-30*}cl{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}sisten en c{\expndt
w-30*}lentamiento producido por el fenmeno de \par}
f10 \fs21 histr{\expndtw-30*}sis y po{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}rrientes parsit
as que {\expndtw-30*}e inducen en l{\expndtw-30*}s l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n
{\expndtw-30*}s del ncle{\expndtw-30*}, \par}
\f10 \fs21 gen{\expndtw-30*}ralmente se d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}omin{\expnd
tw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}rdidas en vaco. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ia de {\exp
ndtw-30*}ntrada = Potencia d{\expndtw-30*} salid{\expndtw-30*} + Prdidas \par}
f10 \fs21 Pr{\expndtw-30*}ida{\expndtw-30*} en los de{\expndtw-30*}anados = ( {\e
xpndtw-30*}p x Ip\up5 \fs13 2\up0 \fs21 ) + ( Rs x I{\expndtw-30*}\up5 \fs13
2\up0 \fs21 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Prdi{\expndtw-30*}as en el n{\expndtw-30*}cleo "Po " \par}
\f10 \fs21 Po = Ph + Pe \par}
\f10 \fs21 Ph = Prdidas por {\expndtw-30*}ist{\expndtw-30*}esis \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pe = Perdi{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}or cor{\expndtw
-30*}ientes parsita{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 III.5 CLASIFI{\expndtw-30*}ACIN DE TRANSFORMADORE{\expndtw-30*} C \
par}
\f10 \fs23 Lo{\expndtw-30*} transformadore{\expndtw-30*} se p{\expndtw-30*}ed{\e
xpndtw-30*}n clasif{\expndtw-30*}car por: \par}
f10 \fs21 a) La form{\expndtw-30*} de su ncl{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
f10 \fs21 1. {\expndtw-30*}ipo {\expndtw-30*}olumnas \par}
f10 \fs21 2. {\expndtw-30*}ip{\expndtw-30*} ac{\expndtw-30*}razado \par}
f10 \fs21 3. Tipo envolven{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs21 4. T{\expndtw-30*}po ra{\expndtw-30*}ial \par}
f10 \fs21 b) Po{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} nmero de fases \par}
\f10 \fs21 1. Monofsi{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 2. Trif{\expndtw-30*}ic{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 c) Por {\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}mero de devana{\expndtw-30*}os \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 1. Dos de{\expndtw-30*}anados \par}

\f10 \fs21 2. Tres d{\expndtw-30*}vana{\expndtw-30*}os \par}
\f10 \fs21 d) \par}
\f10 \fs21 1. \par}
\f10 \fs21 2. \par}
\f10 \fs21 3. \par}
\f10 \fs21 e) \par}
\f10 \fs21 1. \par}
\f10 \fs21 2. \par}
\f10 \fs21 3. \par}
\f10 \fs21 4. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Por el m{\expndtw-30*}dio refrigera{\expndtw-30*}te \par}
\f10 \fs21 Aire \par}
\f10 \fs21 Acei{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 Lqui{\expndtw-30*}o inerte \par}
\f10 \fs21 Por el ti{\expndtw-30*}o de enf{\expndtw-30*}iami{\expndtw-30*}nto \
par}
\f10 \fs21 Enfr{\expndtw-30*}am{\expndtw-30*}ento {\expndtw-30*}A \par}
\f10 \fs21 Enfriamien{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}W \par}
\f10 \fs21 Enfriamie{\expndtw-30*}to OW/A \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}nfriam{\expndtw-30*}ento OA/AF \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad {\expndtw-30*}ecno{\expndtw-30*}gic{\expndtw-30*} {
\expndtw-30*}e Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 E{\expndtw-30*}ectr{\expndtw-30*}cidad y Electrnica Ind{\expndtw
-30*}str{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transf{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}adore{\expndtw-30*} y Mo{\expndtw30*}o{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}e indu{\expndtw-30*}cin \par}
f10 \fs21 5. Enfriamie{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} OA/FA/FA \par}
f10 \fs21 6. Enfriami{\expndtw-30*}nto FO{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 7. Enfriamiento OA/FA/FOA \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}. Enf{\expndtw-30*}iamiento {\expndtw-30*}OW \par}

f10 \fs21 9. En{\expndtw-30*}riamie{\expndtw-30*}to A/A \par}
\f10 \fs21 10. Enf{\expndtw-30*}iamiento {\expndtw-30*}A/FA \par}
f10 \fs21 f) Por l{\expndtw-30*} regulacin \par}
\f10 \fs21 g) \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}. Regulacin fija \par}
f10 \fs21 2. Regulaci{\expndtw-30*}n variab{\expndtw-30*}e c{\expndtw-30*}n carg
a \par}
f10 \fs21 3. Regu{\expndtw-30*}acin variabl{\expndtw-30*} sin carga \par}
f10 \fs21 g) Por la operacin \par}
f10 \fs21 1. De potencia \par}
f10 \fs21 2. Distr{\expndtw-30*}bucin \par}
f10 \fs21 3. De instrumento \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 II{\expndtw-30*}. 6 CONEXIN DE TRANSFORMA{\expndtw-30*}ORES \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Conexin delta - delt{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 Conexin delt{\expndtw-30*} - d{\expndtw-30*}lta en trans{\expndtw-30*}o
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}adores trifsico se e{\expndtw-30*}plea nor{\expndtw-3
0*}almente en lugar{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ond{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}xisten t{\expndtw-30*}ns
i{\expndtw-30*}nes rela{\expndtw-30*}ivamente bajas; en s{\expndtw-30*}stemas de
dis{\expndtw-30*}ri{\expndtw-30*}uci{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} se u{\expndtw30*}i{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a
\par}
\f10 \fs21 alimentar c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gas tr{\expndtw-30*}f{\expndtw
-30*}sicas a 3 hilos. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul r}{\ul a}{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul e}{\ul
{\expndtw-30*}}{\ul }{\ul s}{\ul t}{\ul i}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul s}{\ul
:} \par}
\f10 \fs21 -Los volt{\expndtw-30*}j{\expndtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*
}{\expndtw-30*}ea y de fas{\expndtw-30*} son igual{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}n
{\expndtw-30*}l pri{\expndtw-30*}ario {\expndtw-30*} en {\expndtw-30*}l secu{\e
xpndtw-30*}dario: \par}
\f10 \fs21 -L{\expndtw-30*}s vol{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}jes {\expndtw-30*}e
lnea de primari{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*}cu{\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}ario guarda{\expndtw-30*} la {\expndtw-30*}igu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}nt{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}elacin: \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul G}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul f}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul
}{\ul E}{\ul x}{\ul p}{\ul l}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul t}{\ul i}{\ul v}{\ul a}{
\ul :} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ve{\expndtw-30*}sida{\expndtw-30*

} Te{\expndtw-30*}nol{\expndtw-30*}gica de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}gina {\expndtw-30*}7 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elec{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*
} y Electrni{\expndtw-30*}a Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformador{\expndtw-30*}s y M{\expndtw-30*}tores de induc{\expndtw
-30*}in \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 C{\expndtw-30*}NEXIN DELTA - ESTRELLA \par}
f10 \fs21 Esta cone{\expndtw-30*}in se {\expndtw-30*}mplea en {\expndtw-30*}qu{\e
xpndtw-30*}llos sistemas de trans{\expndtw-30*}is{\expndtw-30*}n en que es necesa
ri{\expndtw-30*} elevar \par}
f10 \fs21 volta{\expndtw-30*}es de generacin. En sis{\expndtw-30*}emas de {\expnd
tw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}tribucin es conven{\expndtw-30*}ente su uso de{\expndtw-30*
}i{\expndtw-30*}o a qu{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 pueden tener 2 {\expndtw-30*}oltaje{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ifer{
\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*}s (entre fa{\expndtw-30*}e y {\expndtw-30*}eutr{\ex
pndtw-30*}). \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 C{\expndtw-30*}nex{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}e transformado{\exp
ndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} mo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}fsicos {\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*} ban{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s trifsicos \par}
\f10 \fs21 L{\expndtw-30*}s transf{\expndtw-30*}rm{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}or
es mo{\expndtw-30*}ofsi{\expndtw-30*}os se c{\expndtw-30*}nectan en bancos trifsic
os principalmente en dos \par}
\f10 \fs21 tipos de {\expndtw-30*}ir{\expndtw-30*}uit{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}: \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}) En cir{\expndtw-30*}uitos de muy alto vo{\expndtw-30*}
t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs21 b) En {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}itos en {\expndtw-30
*}ue s{\expndtw-30*} requier{\expndtw-30*} continuidad en el servic{\expndtw-30*
}o. {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}ma{\expndtw-30*}mente ase d{\expndtw-30*}spone
\par}
\f10 \fs21 de cuatro trans{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rma{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndt
w-30*}es mo{\expndtw-30*}ofs{\expndtw-30*}cos, tre{\expndtw-30*} en ope{\expndtw30*}acin y uno de reserva. \par}
f10 \fs21 Las c{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}xiones {\expndtw-30*}e hac{\expndtw30*}n en transf{\expndtw-30*}rma{\expndtw-30*}ore{\expndtw-30*} mon{\expndtw-30*
}fsicos para {\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}ar b{\expndtw-30*}ncos trif{\expndtw-3
0*}sicos \par}
\f10 \fs21 s{\expndtw-30*}n e{\expndtw-30*} general las mi{\expndtw-30*}mas que
se lleva{\expndtw-30*} a cabo en los t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nsformadore{\e
xpndtw-30*} trifsicos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\ul C}{\ul a}{\ul r}{\ul a}{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul e}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul s}{
\ul t}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul s}{\ul :} \par}
\f10 \fs21 -Los voltajes primari{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de lnea y de fase so
n iguale{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
\f10 \fs21 -Las t{\expndtw-30*}ns{\expndtw-30*}ones secu{\expndtw-30*}darias cum
plen {\expndtw-30*}a siguiente {\expndtw-30*}elacin: \par}
\f10 \fs21 -La re{\expndtw-30*}acin entre tensiones de fas{\expndtw-30*} es: \par
}
\f10 \fs21 -La rel{\expndtw-30*}cin {\expndtw-30*}ntre los voltajes de l{\expndtw30*}ea es: \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\ul G}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul f}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul E}{\ul {\
expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul l}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul t}{\ul i}{\ul
v}{\ul a}{\ul :} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}niv{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sidad Tecn{\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gica de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pg{\expndtw-30*}na 28 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electr{\expndtw-30*}cida{\expndtw-30*} y Ele{\expndtw-30*}trn{\e
xpndtw-30*}ca Industria{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 T{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}sfo{\expndtw-30*}mad{\expndtw-30*}res y
Motores d{\expndtw-30*} induc{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 CONEXI{\expndtw-30*}N ESTRELLA - ES{\expndtw-30*}RELLA \par}
f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*}ta conexin se e{\expndtw-30*}plea e{\expndtw-30*} {\expn
dtw-30*}ensiones muy elevadas, ya q{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} se {\expndtw-30*
}isminu{\expndtw-30*}e l{\expndtw-30*} canti{\expndtw-30*}ad de \par}
f10 \fs21 aislamiento. Tie{\expndtw-30*}e la desventaja de no pre{\expndtw-30*}e
nt{\expndtw-30*}r opo{\expndtw-30*}icin a {\expndtw-30*}as armnicas impares; en \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}mb{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}de cone
ctarse a hilos de retorno. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul C}{\ul a}{\ul r}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul e}{\ul
r}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul s}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul s}{\
ul :} \par}
\f10 \fs21 -Los {\expndtw-30*}olta{\expndtw-30*}es de lnea se relaci{\expndtw-30*
}nan con {\expndtw-30*}os voltajes de fase se{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la{\exp
ndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}xpresio{\expndtw-30*}es: \par}
\f10 \fs21 -Los voltaj{\expndtw-30*}s de lnea de prim{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
io y secundario gu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}n la siguiente rela
cin: \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul G}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul f}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul E}{\ul
x}{\ul p}{\ul l}{\ul i}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul t}{\ul i}{\ul v}{\ul a}{\
ul :} \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 CONE{\expndtw-30*}IN ESTRELLA - D{\expndtw-30*}LTA \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se utiliza e{\expndtw-30*}ta {\expndtw-30*}onexin en {\expndtw-30*}os
siste{\expndtw-30*}as de t{\expndtw-30*}ansform{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}n de {\expndtw-30*}as subestaciones \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ece{\expndtw-30*}toras cuya func{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}n es reducir voltajes. En si{\expndtw-30*}tem{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {
\expndtw-30*}e dist{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ucin es poco usual; {\expndtw-30*
}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 empl{\expndtw-30*}a en al{\expndtw-30*}unas ocasiones para distribuc
in rural a 20 kv. \par}
{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy13117\absw1686\absh197 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-5 \b\i \dn0
\up0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul C}{\ul a}{\ul r}{\ul a}{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul e}{\ul r}{\ul }{\
ul s}{\ul t}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul s}{\ul :} \par}
\f10 \fs21 -Los vo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ajes primarios de {\expndtw-30*}{\
expndtw-30*}ea y de fase {\expndtw-30*}umplen la relac{\expndtw-30*}n: \par}
\f10 \fs21 -{\expndtw-30*}as t{\expndtw-30*}ns{\expndtw-30*}ones secund{\expndt
w-30*}rias de l{\expndtw-30*}ea y fase s{\expndtw-30*}n iguales: \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 U{\expndtw-30*}iver{\expndtw-30*}idad Tecnolgi{\expndtw-30*}a d
e Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y Electr{\expndtw-30*}ni{\expndtw-30*}a In{\expndt
w-30*}ustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transfor{\expndtw-30*}ado{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s y M{\expndtw-3
0*}tores de induc{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
\f10 \fs21 -L{\expndtw-30*} relacin de ten{\expndtw-30*}iones {\expndtw-30*}e fas
e es: \par}
\f10 \fs21 -La relacin ent{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} los v{\expndtw-30*}ltaje{\
expndtw-30*} de lnea d{\expndtw-30*}l pri{\expndtw-30*}ario y s{\expndtw-30*}cund
ario es: \par}
{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy5757\absw2084\absh197 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-4 \b\i \dn0
\up0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul G}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul f}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul E}{\u
l x}{\ul p}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul t}{\ul i}{
\ul v}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul :} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 CONEXIN DELTA- DELT{\expndtw-30*} ABIERT{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Esta {\expndtw-30*}uede co{\expndtw-30*}siderarse como una conexin de
em{\expndtw-30*}rgencia en transforma{\expndtw-30*}ore{\expndtw-30*} trif{\expnd
tw-30*}sicos, \par}
f10 \fs21 ya qu{\expndtw-30*} si en u{\expndtw-30*} transformador se que{\expndt
w-30*}a o sufre una aver{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} cua{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}iera de sus fases, se \par}
f10 \fs21 puede seguir alim{\expndtw-30*}ntando carga t{\expndtw-30*}ifsica op{\e

xpndtw-30*}rand{\expndtw-30*} el transformador a {\expndtw-30*}os fases, {\expnd
tw-30*}lo que \par}
\f10 \fs21 su c{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}cid{\expndtw-30*}d dis{\expndtw-30*}
inuye a un 58.8% apro{\expndtw-30*}im{\expndtw-30*}damen{\expndtw-30*}e. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Los transformadore{\expndtw-30*} trifs{\expndtw-30*}cos en {\expndtw-3
0*} - V s{\expndtw-30*} emple{\expndtw-30*}n en sistemas de {\expndtw-30*}a{\exp
ndtw-30*}a capa{\expndtw-30*}idad y \par}
\f10 \fs21 us{\expndtw-30*}almen{\expndtw-30*}e operan como a{\expndtw-30*}totr
ans{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rma{\expndtw-30*}ores. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Operacin de tra{\expndtw-30*}sformadores en p{\expndtw-30*}ralelo
\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ersi{\expndtw-30*}ad Tecn{\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gi{\expndtw-30*}a de {\expndtw-30*}uebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} 30 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elec{\expndtw-30*}ricidad {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}lectr{\e
xpndtw-30*}nica I{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 T{\expndtw-30*}ansformador{\expndtw-30*}s y Motore{\expndtw-30*} de i
n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ccin \par}
f10 \fs21 Se ent{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*} que t{\expndtw-30*}
ene{\expndtw-30*} operacin en paral{\expndtw-30*}lo aquellos Trans{\expndtw-30*}o
rmadores cuyo{\expndtw-30*} primarios \par}
\f10 \fs21 estn conectados a una misma fuen{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*} los sec
undarios a una m{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}a carga. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Razones para la operacin de t{\expndtw-30*}ansf{\expndtw-30*}r{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dor{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}ar{\expn
dtw-30*}le{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
f10 \fs21 1. {\expndtw-30*}e conectan transform{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}re{\
expndtw-30*} en pa{\expndtw-30*}alelo cuando las capacidades de gener{\expndtw-3
0*}ci{\expndtw-30*}n son \par}
\f10 \fs21 muy elevadas y se requerira u{\expndtw-30*} transfo{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}ador demasia{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} grande. \par}
f10 \fs21 2. Pa{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}ograr u{\expndtw-30*} increment{\ex
pndtw-30*} en l{\expndtw-30*} capacidad d{\expndtw-30*} una inst{\expndtw-30*}la
ci{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}, frecuente{\expndtw-30*}ente s{\expndtw-30*} \par
}
f10 \fs21 present{\expndtw-30*} el au{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}o de c{\expnd
tw-30*}rga, p{\expndtw-30*}r lo que es n{\expndtw-30*}cesario {\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}menta{\expndtw-30*} esa capacid{\expndtw-30*}d. En \par}
f10 \fs21 ve{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} comprar un transfor{\expndtw-30*}ad{\
expndtw-30*}r ms gr{\expndtw-30*}nde, se {\expndtw-30*}nstala en par{\expndtw-30*
}l{\expndtw-30*}lo con el ya \par}

f10 \fs21 exist{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}te {\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}o de
cap{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} igual a l{\expndtw-30*} nueva d
emanda; esto re{\expndtw-30*}ulta econmica{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 m{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}ven{\expndtw-30*}ente. \p
ar}
f10 \fs21 3. {\expndtw-30*}ara dar {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}exibilidad de ope
raci{\expndtw-30*} a un sistema. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 R{\expndtw-30*}qu{\expndtw-30*}sitos para la operacin de {\expndtw30*}ransform{\expndtw-30*}do{\expndtw-30*}es en parale{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
f10 \fs21 1. {\expndtw-30*}gua{\expndtw-30*} relaci{\expndtw-30*}n de tr{\expndt
w-30*}nsformacin, voltaje{\expndtw-30*} igu{\expndtw-30*}les {\expndtw-30*}n el l
ad{\expndtw-30*} prim{\expndtw-30*}rio y secun{\expndtw-30*}ario. \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}. {\expndtw-30*}espla{\expndtw-30*}amient{\expndtw-30*}
angul{\expndtw-30*}r igu{\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*} cero. \par}
f10 \fs21 3. Var{\expndtw-30*}ac{\expndtw-30*}n de la{\expndtw-30*} impeda{\expnd
tw-30*}cias con respecto a las capacidades {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}os {\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}sform{\expndtw-30*}dores, \par}
\f10 \fs21 e{\expndtw-30*} forma inv{\expndtw-30*}rsa. \par}
f10 \fs21 4. Las relaciones de resistencias y r{\expndtw-30*}actancias d{\expndt
w-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}er e{\expndtw-30*}uivalent{\expndtw-30*}s.
\par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 III.7 \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 EL {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}TOTRANSFORMADOR \par}
{\phpg\posx2694\pvpg\posy12373\absw102\absh261 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-6 {\f0\fs32
\bullet }\par}
\f10 \fs21 Conocer el fu{\expndtw-30*}cionamie{\expndtw-30*}to {\expndtw-30*}el
autotr{\expndtw-30*}nsformador \par}
\f10 \fs21 El aut{\expndtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}fo{\expndtw-30*}m
ador puede {\expndtw-30*}er {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}iderado s
imult{\expndtw-30*}neamente {\expndtw-30*}omo un cas{\expndtw-30*} particular de
l \par}
\f10 \fs21 tra{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ormador {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*
}el b{\expndtw-30*}binado {\expndtw-30*}on nc{\expndtw-30*}eo {\expndtw-30*}e {\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}erro. {\expndtw-30*}iene un solo bobinado arr{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}lad{\expndtw-30*} sobre \par}
\f10 \fs21 el ncleo, pero {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}po{\expndtw-30*}e de cuatr
{\expndtw-30*} bornes, dos {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}a cada circuito, y por e
llo {\expndtw-30*}resent{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 puntos en comn con el transformad{\expndtw-30*}r . En re{\expndtw-30*}
lidad, lo que conviene es {\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}udi{\expndtw-30*}rlo \par
}
\f10 \fs21 independie{\expndtw-30*}temente, pero util{\expndtw-30*}zando las {\

expndtw-30*}eyes qu{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}a vimos para {\expndtw-30*}os ot
{\expndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*}os casos, pues \par}
\f10 \fs21 as{\expndtw-30*} se simplifica nota{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}ment
e {\expndtw-30*}l proceso terico. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Unive{\expndtw-30*}sidad Tecno{\expndtw-30*}gica de Puebla \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*} 31 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elect{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cidad y Elec{\expndtw-30*}rnica
Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformadore{\expndtw-30*} y Mo{\expndtw-30*}ores de {
\expndtw-30*}nducci{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 En la prc{\expndtw-30*}ica {\expndtw-30*}e em{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-3
0*}an los a{\expndtw-30*}to{\expndtw-30*}ransform{\expndtw-30*}dores en algu{\ex
pndtw-30*}os c{\expndtw-30*}sos en los qu{\expndtw-30*} pr{\expndtw-30*}senta \p
ar}
f10 \fs21 ve{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}ja{\expndtw-30*} econmica{\expndtw-30*},
sea por su m{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}r costo o su mayor eficien{\expndtw-30
*}ia. Per{\expndtw-30*} eso{\expndtw-30*} caso{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 estn limitados a cier{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}alores
de la relaci{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} tr{\expndtw-30*}ns{\expndtw-30*}ormac
in, como se ver{\expndtw-30*} en \par}
f10 \fs21 s{\expndtw-30*}guida. No obstante. es tan c{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30
*}n que se present{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} uso de {\expndtw-30*}elaciones
de \par}
f10 \fs21 transformacin prxim{\expndtw-30*}s a la un{\expndtw-30*}dad, {\expndtw-3
0*}ue corresponde dar a lo{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformadores la \par}
\f10 \fs21 impor{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ncia q{\expndtw-30*}e tie{\expndtw-3
0*}en, por h{\expndtw-30*}berl{\expndtw-30*} adqu{\expndtw-30*}rido {\expndtw-30
*}n la prct{\expndtw-30*}ca de su gran di{\expndtw-30*}usin. \par}
f10 \fs21 Para estudiar su fun{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}namiento, haremos c{\
expndtw-30*}mo con los transform{\expndtw-30*}dores, e{\expndtw-30*} decir, \par
}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}rime{\expndtw-30*}o c{\expndtw-30*}nsidera{\expndtw-30*}
em{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}l principi{\expndtw-30*} en {\expndtw-30*}u{\exp
ndtw-30*} se basan, d{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}l punto de vis
ta \par}
f10 \fs21 electromagn{\expndtw-30*}ico, pa{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} obtener {\
expndtw-30*}as relaciones ent{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-30*}s tensi
on{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} y {\expndtw-30*}as {\expndtw-30*}orrientes de sus
\par}
\f10 \fs21 secci{\expndtw-30*}ne{\expndtw-30*}, ya q{\expndtw-30*}e no se puede

h{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}e bobinados {\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*} plural. {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}go veremos el diagram{
\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 vectorial, muy pareci{\expndtw-30*}o a{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}
ransfor{\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}res, {\expndtw-30*}ero co{\expndtw-30*} d{\
expndtw-30*}ferenci{\expndtw-30*}s que {\expndtw-30*}o distinguen \par}
f10 \fs21 neta{\expndtw-30*}ente. Y, ta{\expndtw-30*}bi{\expndtw-30*}n, haremos
un e{\expndtw-30*}tu{\expndtw-30*}io comp{\expndtw-30*}rativo en{\expndtw-30*}re
el au{\expndtw-30*}otrans{\expndtw-30*}orm{\expndtw-30*}dor y el \par}
\f10 \fs21 transformador d{\expndtw-30*} iguales c{\expndtw-30*}ndiciones d{\exp
ndtw-30*} servicio. \par}
f10 \fs21 La figu{\expndtw-30*}a sigui{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
} nos mue{\expndtw-30*}tra un esquem{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}l
a{\expndtw-30*}to{\expndtw-30*}ransformador. {\expndtw-30*}ons{\expndtw-30*}a d
{\expndtw-30*} un \par}
f10 \fs21 bobinado de extrem{\expndtw-30*}s A y D, al cual se le ha h{\expndtw-3
0*}cho una deriva{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} en el punto {\expndtw-30*}ntermedi
o \par}
\f10 \fs21 B. P{\expndtw-30*}r ahora llama{\expndtw-30*}em{\expndtw-30*}s primar
io a la {\expndtw-30*}ec{\expndtw-30*}in com{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndt
w-30*}a A D y secundario a la p{\expndtw-30*}rcin B D, \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ero {\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} prctica
puede ser a la invers{\expndtw-30*}, cua{\expndtw-30*}do {\expndtw-30*}e desea
ele{\expndtw-30*}ar la tensin prima{\expndtw-30*}ia. \par}
\f10 \fs21 La tensin de la r{\expndtw-30*}d primaria, a la cual se c{\expndtw-30*
}nectar el autotransf{\expndtw-30*}rm{\expndtw-30*}dor, {\expndtw-30*}s V\dn4 \fs
13 1\dn0 \fs21 , aplicada \par}
\f10 \fs21 a los puntos A y {\expndtw-30*}. Como toda bobina con ncleo d{\expndtw
-30*} hierro, en cuanto {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} aplica esa \par}
\f10 \fs21 tens{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} circula una corriente
que hemos llam{\expndtw-30*}do de\i vaco\i0 en la teora anterior. Sabem{\expndtw
-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 tambin, que esa {\expndtw-30*}orriente de {\expndtw-30*}ac{\expndtw-30
*}o es{\expndtw-30*} formada por {\expndtw-30*}os componentes; una p{\expndtw-30*
}rte es la \par}
\f10 \fs21 corri{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}te mag{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}zante, que est{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}as{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a 90 respecto de la {\expndtw-30*}ensin, y otra part{\expndt
w-30*} q{\expndtw-30*}e es{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 en {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}e, y es {\expndtw-30*}a que cubre la
s prdi{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} en el {\expndtw-30*}ie{\expndtw-30*}ro, c{\ex
pndtw-30*}yo monto s{\expndtw-30*} encuentra m{\expndtw-30*}ltiplican{\expndtw-3
0*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 esa parte de la cor{\expndtw-30*}ien{\expndtw-30*}e de vaco, p{\expnd
tw-30*}r la ten{\expndtw-30*}in aplicada. {\expndtw-30*}lama{\expndtw-30*}o{\expn
dtw-30*} a la corriente t{\expndtw-30*}tal d{\expndtw-30*} \par}

\f10 \fs21 vaco I\dn4 \fs13 0\dn0 \fs21 , como lo hemos hecho {\expndtw-30*}n {\
expndtw-30*}tras oportunidad{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 III.4 PRUEBAS DE U{\expndtw-30*} TRANSF{\expndtw-30*}RMADOR \par}
\f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ab{\expndt
w-30*}icaci{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de un {\expndtw-30*}ransfo{\expndtw-30*}
mador se emp{\expndtw-30*}ean materiales {\expndtw-30*}al{\expndtw-30*}s {\expnd
tw-30*}omo hi{\expndtw-30*}rro, c{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}e o \par}
\f10 \fs21 alum{\expndtw-30*}nio, y ai{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}miento{\expnd
tw-30*}; cada uno {\expndtw-30*}e e{\expndtw-30*}tos e{\expndtw-30*}em{\expndtw30*}ntos deb{\expndtw-30*} llenar {\expndtw-30*}os requisit{\expndtw-30*}s que s
e \par}
\f10 \fs21 han f{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}o, de t{\expndtw-30*}
l manera que el {\expndtw-30*}on{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}to cu{\expndtw-30*}
pla, a s{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ez, con los f{\expndtw-30*}nes para {\expnd
tw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*}ue \par}
\f10 \fs21 fueron dis{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}do{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 U{\expndtw-30*}iversi{\expndtw-30*}ad Te{\expndtw-30*}no{\expn
dtw-30*}gica de P{\expndtw-30*}ebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ricid{
\expndtw-30*}d y Elect{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a I
ndustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 T{\expndtw-30*}ansformadores {\expndtw-30*} Motores de ind{\expndtw-3
0*}cci{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 Para s{\expndtw-30*}ber las {\expndtw-30*}ondicion{\expndtw-30*}s {\ex
pndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}ue s{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*}cuen{\expndtw-30*}{\
expndtw-30*}an estos {\expndtw-30*}lem{\expndtw-30*}ntos es necesa{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}o realiza{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 algunas pruebas de verificacin, l{\expndtw-30*}s cuales son las siguie
ntes \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.- Ri{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ez dielctrica del acei{\expndtw-30*
}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 2.- {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sistencia de {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw
-30*}lamiento \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.- Polaridad y relacin de transformacin \par}
\f10 \fs21 4.- Determ{\expndtw-30*}nacin de lo{\expndtw-30*} v{\expndtw-30*}lores
de los {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rmetr{\expndtw-30*}s en e{\expndtw-30*} m{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}elo de transforma{\expndtw-30*}or. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Dete{\expndtw-30*}minacin de {\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}igi{\exp
ndtw-30*}ez diel{\expndtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}ca del aceite\b0 . \par}

f10 \fs23 La d{\expndtw-30*}ter{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}c{\exp
ndtw-30*}n d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lor de rigid
ez {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}lctrica de un ac{\expndtw-30*}ite aislante, tie{\
expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs23 i{\expndtw-30*}porta{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}a como una medida {\e
xpndtw-30*}e su habilida{\expndtw-30*} pa{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} soportar e
sfuerz{\expndtw-30*}s elctricos \par}
f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}in fallar. Es e{\expndtw-30*} voltaje al que s{\expndtw30*} presenta la rupt{\expndtw-30*}ra dielctri{\expndtw-30*}a del {\expndtw-30*}c
{\expndtw-30*}ite en{\expndtw-30*}re dos \par}
\f10 \fs23 elec{\expndtw-30*}rodos bajo determ{\expndtw-30*}nadas condici{\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es. \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}ambi{\expndtw-30*}n sirve para dete{\expndtw-30*}minar
la presencia de a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ntes con{\expndtw-30*}aminan{\expnd
tw-30*}es como \par}
f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}gua, suciedad o partculas {\expndtw-30*}onductora{\expndt
w-30*} en {\expndtw-30*}l aceite, que pued{\expndtw-30*}n est{\expndtw-30*}r pre
sentes \par}
\f10 \fs23 cuando se encu{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lores b{\expndtw-30*}jos d{\expndtw-30*}rante una prueba. \pa
r}
f10 \fs23 Un {\expndtw-30*}lt{\expndtw-30*} valor de rig{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw
-30*}z dielctrica no quiere de{\expndtw-30*}ir que no s{\expndtw-30*} te{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}an \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}taminantes. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Apa{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*}u
ipo \par}
f10 \fs21 La rigidez dielctrica del ace{\expndtw-30*}te se deter{\expndtw-30*}ina
medi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}te un dispos{\expndtw-30*}tiv{\expndtw-30*} ais
la{\expndtw-30*}te que {\expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs21 conoce como copa. Este con{\expndtw-30*}iene en {\expndtw-30*}u i{\exp
ndtw-30*}terior dos electro{\expndtw-30*}os que se calibra{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 externamente a travs de {\expndtw-30*}n calibrador que es proporci{\exp
ndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}do por el fabricant{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}l e{\ex
pndtw-30*}uipo \par}
\f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*} medicin. \par}
f10 \fs21 Los pasos que se {\expndtw-30*}ealizan para medir {\expndtw-30*}a {\ex
pndtw-30*}igid{\expndtw-30*}z {\expndtw-30*}ielctrica de{\expndtw-30*} aceite d{\
expndtw-30*} un tran{\expndtw-30*}forma{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 son los siguie{\expndtw-30*}te{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 a) {\expndtw-30*}ara m{\expndtw-30*}dir la rigidez d{\expndtw-30*}el{\
expndtw-30*}trica del ac{\expndtw-30*}ite, lv{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*} la cop
a {\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*}ia{\expndtw-30*}ente con el {\expndtw-30*}i{\exp

ndtw-30*}mo \par}
\f10 \fs21 ace{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} q{\expndtw-30*}e se v{\expndtw-30*}
a pro{\expndtw-30*}ar; el a{\expndtw-30*}eite {\expndtw-30*}e toma de la part{\e
xpndtw-30*} infe{\expndtw-30*}ior {\expndtw-30*}el trans{\expndtw-30*}orm{\expnd
tw-30*}dor ( qu{\expndtw-30*} es \par}
\f10 \fs21 la {\expndtw-30*}art{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}onde posib{\expndtw
-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ente exista la mayor can{\expndtw-30*}idad de impur{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}as) . \par}
\f10 \fs21 b) Calib{\expndtw-30*}e los elect{\expndtw-30*}od{\expndtw-30*}s a l
a separaci{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}e 0.25 {\expndtw-30*}m. \par}
\f10 \fs21 c) T{\expndtw-30*}mese una muest{\expndtw-30*}a (de la part{\expndtw30*} i{\expndtw-30*}ferio{\expndtw-30*}) de a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ite {\e
xpndtw-30*}n la copa y deje reposar uno{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}res \par}
\f10 \fs21 minut{\expndtw-30*}s, {\expndtw-30*}as{\expndtw-30*}a que est en {\exp
ndtw-30*}ompleto rep{\expndtw-30*}so {\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
} burbu{\expndtw-30*}as; de{\expndtw-30*}e procurar que {\expndtw-30*}l aceite \
par}
\f10 \fs21 cubra los electrod{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
\f10 \fs21 d) Conec{\expndtw-30*}e las terminales de una fuente de p{\expndtw-30
*}ten{\expndtw-30*}ia a los electrodo{\expndtw-30*}, apliq{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*} ten{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n a \par}
\f10 \fs21 razn de 3 KV por segundo, ap{\expndtw-30*}oxim{\expndtw-30*}damente, h
asta lograr l{\expndtw-30*} r{\expndtw-30*}ptura y tom{\expndtw-30*} la le{\expn
dtw-30*}tu{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 corres{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}diente a la {\expndtw-30*}ua{\exp
ndtw-30*} ocur{\expndtw-30*}i. \par}
\f10 \fs21 e) A{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} el ace{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*}e y deje reposar dura{\expndtw-30*}te u{\expndtw-30*} minuto, aplque
{\expndtw-30*}e nuevamente potenci{\expndtw-30*}l y \par}
\f10 \fs21 repita la operac{\expndtw-30*}n tres vec{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
\f10 \fs21 f) Re{\expndtw-30*}ita {\expndtw-30*}odo e{\expndtw-30*} proceso {\e
xpndtw-30*}nteri{\expndtw-30*}r co{\expndtw-30*} dos {\expndtw-30*} tres muestra
{\expndtw-30*} ms d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ceit{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Uni{\expndtw-30*}ersidad T{\expndtw-30*}cno{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}gica de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electrici{\expndtw-30*}ad y {\expndtw-30*}lectr{\expndtw-30*}ni
c{\expndtw-30*} I{\expndtw-30*}du{\expndtw-30*}trial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Trans{\expndtw-30*}ormadores {\expndtw-30*} Motor{\expndtw-30*}s de i
n{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}

f10 \fs21 El valor prome{\expndtw-30*}io o{\expndtw-30*}tenido en la forma antes
d{\expndtw-30*}sc{\expndtw-30*}ita n{\expndtw-30*} de{\expndtw-30*}e ser me{\ex
pndtw-30*}or de 2{\expndtw-30*} KV p{\expndtw-30*}ra \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nsiderar que el aceite est{\expndtw-30*}
en bue{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}do; el diagra{\expndtw-30*}a
para este ensayo a{\expndtw-30*}arece en l{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 figura 1. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Re{\expndtw-30*}isten{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a de ai{\expndtw30*}lami{\expndtw-30*}nto. -- \par}
f10 \fs21 La me{\expndtw-30*}ic{\expndtw-30*}n de la r{\expndtw-30*}siste{\expndt
w-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} aislam{\expndtw-30*}ento s{\
expndtw-30*}rve para "ten{\expndtw-30*}r una idea" del estado e{\expndtw-30*} qu
e \par}
\f10 \fs21 se {\expndtw-30*}ncuentran l{\expndtw-30*}s aislamien{\expndtw-30*}os
, y con base en esto, decidir si {\expndtw-30*}st{\expndtw-30*} en condiciones d{
\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 soportar l{\expndtw-30*}s esfuerzo{\expndtw-30*} dielctrico{\expndtw30*} que se origina{\expndtw-30*} al ap{\expndtw-30*}icar ten{\expndtw-30*}iones
en prueba o de \par}
\f10 \fs21 tr{\expndtw-30*}baj{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 El obten{\expndtw-30*}r valores bajos no indica en forma dec{\expndt
w-30*}siva que el aislamien{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} se{\expndtw-30*} de{\exp
ndtw-30*}icie{\expndtw-30*}te ( en \par}
\f10 \fs21 su diseo o aplicacin) , sino {\expndtw-30*}ue hay s{\expndtw-30*}c{\ex
pndtw-30*}edad o hume{\expndtw-30*}ad en los aislamientos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 La m{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}cin de la resistencia de aislam{\expn
dtw-30*}ent{\expndtw-30*} se e{\expndtw-30*}ecta p{\expndtw-30*}r lo genera{\expn
dtw-30*} con un \par}
\f10 \fs21 a{\expndtw-30*}arat{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}enominado "Megger", {
\expndtw-30*}ue cons{\expndtw-30*}a bsicam{\expndtw-30*}nte, de una {\expndtw-30*
}u{\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e c.d. y un \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}di{\expndtw-30*}ador {\expndtw-30*}e meg
ohm{\expndtw-30*}. La capacidad de la fuen{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}e c.d. g
en{\expndtw-30*}ralmente es baja, ya {\expndtw-30*}ue la \par}
\f10 \fs21 finalidad es ver el estado {\expndtw-30*}n q{\expndtw-30*}e se encue
ntra un aislamiento; {\expndtw-30*}s decir, sta es {\expndtw-30*}na prueba \par}
\f10 \fs21 in{\expndtw-30*}ic{\expndtw-30*}tiva n{\expndtw-30*} destructiva, de
tal forma qu{\expndtw-30*} si un {\expndtw-30*}isl{\expndtw-30*}mie{\expndtw-30
*}to est dbi{\expndtw-30*} no lo agrave. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Las resistencias de a{\expndtw-30*}slami{\expndtw-30*}nto a d{\expndt
w-30*}termin{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}n un t{\expndtw-30*}ansformador, son {
\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 re{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ste{\expndtw-30*}cia q{\expndtw-30*}e p
resenta u{\expndtw-30*} de{\expndtw-30*}ana{\expndtw-30*}o con respecto a ot{\ex

pndtw-30*}o y la que pres{\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*} un devanado \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}on r{\expndtw-30*}spe{\expndtw-30*}to al ncleo y con res
pec{\expndtw-30*}o al ta{\expndtw-30*}que; es d{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}r l{
\expndtw-30*}s lecturas de resistencia {\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 ais{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}ien{\expndtw-30*}o q{\expndtw-30*}e
se tom{\expndtw-30*}n por : \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}.T. contra B.T. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Uni{\expndtw-30*}ersidad Tecnolgica de Pu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}la \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pg{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a 3{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elect{\expndtw-30*}icidad y Electrnica Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Trans{\expndtw-30*}ormad{\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*} y Motores {\ex
pndtw-30*}e induccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 A.{\expndtw-30*}. contra B. {\expndtw-30*}. + tanque a {\expndtw-30*}
i{\expndtw-30*}rr{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 A. T .+ {\expndtw-30*}anque a tierra c{\expndtw-30*}ntra B. T . \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nviene ano{\expndtw-30*}ar si{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}pre los volts del {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ger em{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}eado. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Las conex{\expndtw-30*}ones para e{\expndtw-30*}tas {\expndtw-30*}rue
bas s{\expndtw-30*} ilustran en la figura 2. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 PRUEBA D{\expndtw-30*} RELACIN DE TRANS{\expndtw-30*}ORMA{\expndtw
-30*}IN \par}
\f10 \fs23 P{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a o{\expndtw-30*}tene{\expndtw-30*} {\e
xpndtw-30*}a r{\expndtw-30*}lacin de trans{\expndtw-30*}ormacin de tr{\expndtw-30*
}nsfor{\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}res, se hac{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}so \
par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}e un eq{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}o d{\expndtw-30*}
pru{\expndtw-30*}ba denominado TTR (Test Turn Ratio). \par}
\f10 \fs23 Es un ins{\expndtw-30*}rumento p{\expndtw-30*}ctic{\expndtw-30*} y pr{
\expndtw-30*}ciso p{\expndtw-30*}ra {\expndtw-30*}nalizar las c{\expndtw-30*}ndi
cion{\expndtw-30*}s de \par}
\f10 \fs23 transformadore{\expndtw-30*} en los si{\expndtw-30*}uientes c{\expnd
tw-30*}sos: \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}edicin d{\expndtw-30*} re{\expndtw-30*}acin de transforma
ci{\expndtw-30*}n en equipos nuevos, re{\expndtw-30*}ar{\expndtw-30*}dos bo \par
}
\f10 \fs23 ree{\expndtw-30*}bobinados. \par}

\f10 \fs23 Determinaci{\expndtw-30*}n y co{\expndtw-30*}proba{\expndtw-30*}in d{
\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}olaridad y {\expndtw-30*}ontinuidad. \par}
\f10 \fs23 Pruebas {\expndtw-30*}e ruti{\expndtw-30*}a y deteccin de fall{\expnd
tw-30*}s. \par}
\f10 \fs23 I{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ntificaci{\expndtw-30*}n de espiras e{\
expndtw-30*} corto circuit{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}niversi{\expndtw-30*}ad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}ica d
e Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad {\expndtw-30*} Electr{\expndtw-30*}nica Industrial
\par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsf{\expndtw-30*}rmadore{\expndtw-30*} y Motores de i
nduc{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
f10 \fs23 Pa{\expndtw-30*}a hacer un{\expndtw-30*} prueba de r{\expndtw-30*}l{\e
xpndtw-30*}cin de {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}nsfo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ac
in se debe asegur{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}ue el \par}
f10 \fs23 transfo{\expndtw-30*}mador a probar s{\expndtw-30*} enc{\expndtw-30*}e
{\expndtw-30*}tre c{\expndtw-30*}mpletamente {\expndtw-30*}esenergiza{\expndtw-3
0*}o, ver{\expndtw-30*}ficando \par}
f10 \fs23 que l{\expndtw-30*}s int{\expndtw-30*}rrupto{\expndtw-30*}es y/o cuchi
llas de cada uno de los ci{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}os conec{\
expndtw-30*}ados {\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}van{\expndtw-30*}dos {\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}l tra{\expndtw-30*}sformado{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e encuentren en
{\expndtw-30*}osic{\expndtw-30*}n abierta. \par}
f10 \fs23 Si {\expndtw-30*}l transformador se enc{\expndtw-30*}entra cerca de eq
uip{\expndtw-30*} energizad{\expndtw-30*} con a{\expndtw-30*}ta tensin \par}
\f10 \fs23 aterrice una t{\expndtw-30*}rm{\expndtw-30*}nal d{\expndtw-30*} c{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a devan{\expndtw-30*}do {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}l T
{\expndtw-30*}R. \par}
\f10 \fs23 Se conecta el TTR al t{\expndtw-30*}an{\expndtw-30*}formador y s{\exp
ndtw-30*} enciende; la relacin d{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nsfor
maci{\expndtw-30*} se \par}
\f10 \fs23 l{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}irectamente en l{\expndtw-30*}s car{\e
xpndtw-30*}tulas d{\expndtw-30*}l aparat{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 La medicin {\expndtw-30*}e la relacin de {\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}i
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s de {\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}rans{\expndtw-30*
}ormador tr{\expndtw-30*}fs{\expndtw-30*}co, co{\expndtw-30*}siste \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}n n medi{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}nes mo{\expndtw-30
*}o{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}cas p{\expndtw-30*}ra determinar la relac{\expndt
w-30*}n entre espir{\expndtw-30*}s primari{\expndtw-30*}s y \par}

\f10 \fs23 esp{\expndtw-30*}ras s{\expndtw-30*}cundarias {\expndtw-30*}e cada fa
{\expndtw-30*}e. \par}
f10 \fs23 P{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} interpret{\expndtw-30*}r l
os {\expndtw-30*}esu{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}dos se calc{\expndtw-30*}l{\exp
ndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}l porcentaje d{\expndtw-30*} dif{\expndtw-30*}rencia con
la \par}
\f10 \fs23 sig{\expndtw-30*}iente frmula: \par}
f10 \fs23 %diferencia = \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\ul r}{\ul e}{\ul l}{\ul a}{\ul c}{\ul i}{\ul }{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\
ul }{\ul t}{\ul e}{\ul }{\ul r}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul -}{\ul r}{\ul {\expndtw
-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul c}{\ul i}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}
{\ul n}{\ul }{\ul m}{\ul e}{\ul d}{\ul i}{\ul d}{\ul a} \par}
\f10 \fs23 re{\expndtw-30*}acin {\expndtw-30*}erica \par}
f10 \fs23 X\par}
\f10 \fs23 100 \par}
\f10 \fs23 Com{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}egla gene{\expndtw-30*}al el por{\exp
ndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}aje de di{\expndtw-30*}eren{\expndtw-30*}ia {\expndtw-3
0*}o {\expndtw-30*}ebe se{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ayor de 2.{\expndtw-30*} \
par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 PRUEB{\expndtw-30*} D{\expndtw-30*} POLARID{\expndtw-30*}D \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 La{\expndtw-30*} pruebas de po{\expndtw-30*}ar{\expndtw-30*}dad\b0
sirven pa{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}onexin de transformadores
. Ex{\expndtw-30*}ste{\expndtw-30*} tre{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 m{\expndtw-30*}todos generales d{\expndtw-30*} determinac{\expndtw-30
*}n de pol{\expndtw-30*}ridad: \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.31 Comp{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}n c{\expndtw-30*}
n un {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}formador normalizado. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}.32. Res{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}t{\e
xpndtw-30*} induc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a con co{\expndtw-30*
}riente continu{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}.33. Ensayo d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} alterna. \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 Prueba d{\expndtw-30*} polarid{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} mediante
u{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ransformado{\expndtw-30*} normali{\expndtw-30*}ad
o.\b0 Cuando se dispone de \par}
\f10 \fs21 un t{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}sformador {\expndtw-30*}ormalizado {
\expndtw-30*}e pola{\expndtw-30*}idad co{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}ida y d{\ex
pndtw-30*} la mis{\expndtw-30*}a rela{\expndtw-30*}in que la unida{\expndtw-30*}
\par}
\f10 \fs21 que se e{\expndtw-30*}t ensay{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}o, {\expndtw
-30*}e conecta{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}ara{\expndtw-30*}e{\e
xpndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s de{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nados d

e alta tens{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n de {\expndtw-30*}mbos \par}
\f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}ansformado{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}nie{\expndtw30*}do {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s terminales igua{\expndtw-30*}mente marca{\e
xpndtw-30*}os. Se c{\expndtw-30*}nectan tambin \par}
\f10 \fs21 anlogamente lo{\expndtw-30*} termi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}les ma{\
expndtw-30*}cad{\expndtw-30*}s de un extre{\expndtw-30*}o d{\expndtw-30*} los de
vanados de baja tensi{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 de ambos transformad{\expndtw-30*}res, d{\expndtw-30*}jan{\expndtw-30
*}o los {\expndtw-30*}tro{\expndtw-30*} extremos {\expndtw-30*}ibres. Se ap{\exp
ndtw-30*}ica un valor re{\expndtw-30*}uc{\expndtw-30*}do \par}
\f10 \fs21 de tensin a los devanados {\expndtw-30*}e alta {\expndtw-30*}en{\expnd
tw-30*}in y se mide la tensi{\expndtw-30*}n entre los dos terminale{\expndtw-30*}
\par}
\f10 \fs21 lib{\expndtw-30*}es. Una le{\expndtw-30*}tura cero o de{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}reciable del voltmet{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} indicar{\expndtw-3
0*} que la{\expndtw-30*} polarid{\expndtw-30*}de{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
\f10 \fs21 ambos t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nsformadores so{\expndtw-30*} idn{
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cas. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Prueba de polari{\expndtw-30*}ad por respuesta in{\expndtw-30*}uct
iva.\b0 Haci{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o pasar corriente c{\expn
dtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}inua a \par}
\f10 \fs21 trav{\expndtw-30*}s del devanado d{\expndtw-30*} alta t{\expndtw-30*}
nsin, se cone{\expndtw-30*}ta un voltmetro d{\expndtw-30*} c.c. {\expndtw-30*}e al
{\expndtw-30*}a tensin en \par}
\f10 \fs21 b{\expndtw-30*}rnes de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s terminales del m
ismo devanado, de manera {\expndtw-30*}ue se obte{\expndtw-30*}ga {\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}a pequea \par}
\f10 \fs21 desviaci{\expndtw-30*} positiva d{\expndtw-30*} la agu{\expndtw-30*}a
cua{\expndtw-30*}do se cierr{\expndtw-30*} el cir{\expndtw-30*}uito {\expndtw-30
*}e excitacin. Entonces se \par}
\f10 \fs21 tran{\expndtw-30*}fie{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} las dos c{\expndt
w-30*}nexiones del voltmetro di{\expndtw-30*}ectamente a tr{\expndtw-30*}vs del tr
ans{\expndtw-30*}ormad{\expndtw-30*}r a los \par}
\f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}rm{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}les opuest
os de baja tensin. La interrupc{\expndtw-30*}n de l{\expndtw-30*} cor{\expndtw-30*
}iente {\expndtw-30*}e exci{\expndtw-30*}acin de c.c. \par}
\f10 \fs21 i{\expndtw-30*}duce una tensin en el devanado de baja t{\expndtw-30*}n
sin y p{\expndtw-30*}ovoc{\expndtw-30*} una desvi{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}n en el \par}
\f10 \fs21 voltmetro. Si {\expndtw-30*}a aguja se mu{\expndtw-30*}ve en el mism{\
expndtw-30*} se{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}id{\expndtw-30*} que a{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*}es, {\expndtw-30*}a pola{\expndtw-30*}idad es aditi{\expndtw-30*}a.
Si \par}
\f10 \fs21 la ag{\expndtw-30*}ja se muev{\expndtw-30*} en sent{\expndtw-30*}do
opuesto, la polari{\expndtw-30*}ad es sus{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ctiva. \pa

r}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Unive{\expndtw-30*}sid{\expndtw-30*}d {\expndtw-30*}ecnolgica d
e Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}na 3{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricida{\expndtw-30*} y E{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}trnica
Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Trans{\expndtw-30*}ormad{\expndtw-30*}res y Motores de i{\expndtw-30*
}{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Pru{\expndtw-30*}ba de pola{\expndtw-30*}idad {\expndtw-30*}ediant
{\expndtw-30*} tensin alterna.\b0 {\expndtw-30*}olocndose enfrente del lado de ba
ja \par}
\f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sin d{\expndtw-30*}l transformad{\expndtw
-30*}r, se unen las con{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}nes adyacentes
, de alta y baja tensin {\expndtw-30*}e la \par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}rte izquierda. A{\expndtw-30*}li{\expndtw-30*}ar {\exp
ndtw-30*}ua{\expndtw-30*}quier valor {\expndtw-30*}onvenie{\expndtw-30*}te {\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} tensin de c.a. a todo e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ev{\e
xpndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}do \par}
\f10 \fs21 de {\expndtw-30*}lta tensin y tomar lecturas {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw30*}mero {\expndtw-30*}e la te{\expndtw-30*}sin aplic{\expndtw-30*}da y lue{\expn
dtw-30*}o d{\expndtw-30*} la tensi{\expndtw-30*} entre \par}
\f10 \fs21 los terminales ad{\expndtw-30*}ace{\expndtw-30*}tes de alta y baja te
nsin de la p{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}e derecha. Si la lti{\expndtw-30*}a lec{\
expndtw-30*}ura {\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}eno{\expndtw-30*} que la primera, la polari{\expndtw-30
*}ad {\expndtw-30*}s sus{\expndtw-30*}racti{\expndtw-30*}a. Si es {\expndtw-30*}
ayo{\expndtw-30*} qu{\expndtw-30*} la pri{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw30*}, la p{\expndtw-30*}laridad \par}
\f10 \fs21 es aditiv{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs23 Se r{\expndtw-30*}alizaran l{\expndtw-30*}s sigu{\expndtw-30*}entes {
\expndtw-30*}onexiones \par}
\f10 \fs23 a). \par}
\f10 \fs23 SI VR es menor que VA ser {\expndtw-30*}na co{\expndtw-30*}exi{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*} sustra{\expndtw-30*}tiva \par}
\f10 \fs21 b).- \par}
\f10 \fs21 Si VR es m{\expndtw-30*}yor que VA {\expndtw-30*}er u{\expndtw-30*}a
conexin Aditi{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 DE{\expndtw-30*}ERMINACIN DE L{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} VALORES
DE L{\expndtw-30*}S PARME{\expndtw-30*}ROS EN EL MODELO DE \par}

up0 \f10 \fs21 TRANSFORMADOR. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Es {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sible determinar {\expndtw-30*}xperim
en{\expndtw-30*}almente los valores d{\expndtw-30*} la{\expndtw-30*} inductan{\e
xpndtw-30*}ias y re{\expndtw-30*}iste{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ias en \par}
\f10 \fs21 el mod{\expndtw-30*}lo de t{\expndtw-30*}ansformador. U{\expndtw-30*}
a a{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}imaci{\expndtw-30*}n ad{\expndtw-3
0*}cuada de e{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} valores se p{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 obtene{\expndtw-30*} con dos en{\expndtw-30*}ayos solamente: el ensay
o de circuito abierto y e{\expndtw-30*} ensayo de corto \par}
\f10 \fs21 circuito. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Prueb{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e ci{\expndtw-30*}cu{\expndtw-3
0*}to abierto \par}
\f10 \fs21 En {\expndtw-30*}l ensayo de circuito abierto, la bobina sec{\expndtw
-30*}ndaria de transformador es{\expndtw-30*} en circuito \par}
\f10 \fs21 abi{\expndtw-30*}rto y su bobina primaria est conectada {\expndtw-30*}
una lne{\expndtw-30*} con vo{\expndtw-30*}taje nomi{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}
. {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}mos el \par}
\f10 \fs21 ci{\expndtw-30*}cu{\expndtw-30*}to eq{\expndtw-30*}ivale{\expndtw-30*
}te en l{\expndtw-30*} f{\expndtw-30*}gur{\expndtw-30*} 4. Bajo l{\expndtw-30*}s
condiciones descrit{\expndtw-30*}s, toda la co{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ente
de \par}
\f10 \fs21 alimentaci{\expndtw-30*}n de{\expndtw-30*}e estar flu{\expndtw-30*}e
ndo a tra{\expndtw-30*}s de la {\expndtw-30*}ama de ex{\expndtw-30*}itacin de{\exp
ndtw-30*} transfo{\expndtw-30*}ma{\expndtw-30*}or. {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}
\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}versidad {\expndtw-30*}ecnolgi{\expndtw-30*}a d
e P{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}la \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}lect{\expndtw-30*}icidad y E{\expndtw-30*}{\expnd
tw-30*}ctrnic{\expndtw-30*} Industri{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Motores de i{\expndtw-30*}duccin \par}
f10 \fs21 ele{\expndtw-30*}ento{\expndtw-30*} en serie {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs13
P\dn0 \fs21 y X\dn4 \fs13 P\dn0 \fs21 son demasiado peq{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*} en comp{\expndtw-30*}raci{\expndtw-30*}n con R\dn4 \fs13 C\d
n0 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*} X\dn4 \fs13 M\dn0 \fs21 para \par}
f10 \fs21 causar {\expndtw-30*}na cada s{\expndtw-30*}gnificat{\expndtw-30*}va de
voltaj{\expndtw-30*} as que esenci{\expndtw-30*}lm{\expndtw-30*}nte todo el v{\e
xpndtw-30*}ltaje d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 aliment{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}in {\expndtw-30*}e aplica {\expndtw
-30*} tra{\expndtw-30*}s de la rama de e{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}aci{\expndt

w-30*}n. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Fi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}({\expndt
w-30*}) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Figura 4({\expndtw-30*}) \par}
\f10 \fs21 La{\expndtw-30*} conexiones del ensayo d{\expndtw-30*} ci{\expndtw-30
*}cuito abie{\expndtw-30*}to se muestran en la figu{\expndtw-30*}a 6. El volt{\e
xpndtw-30*}je total de \par}
f10 \fs21 l{\expndtw-30*} lnea se aplica a la primaria de{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndt
w-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rmador y se miden voltaje {\ex
pndtw-30*}e alim{\expndtw-30*}ntacin, \par}
\f10 \fs21 co{\expndtw-30*}riente de alim{\expndtw-30*}ntaci{\expndtw-30*}n y po
t{\expndtw-30*}nci{\expndtw-30*} de en{\expndtw-30*}rada al transfor{\expndtw-30
*}ador. De esta informacin es \par}
\f10 \fs21 posible determinar el factor de poten{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} d
{\expndtw-30*} la corrie{\expndtw-30*}te de alimentaci{\expndtw-30*}n y por c{\e
xpndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}igu{\expndtw-30*}ente, \par}
\f10 \fs21 tanto l{\expndtw-30*} magnitud como el {\expndtw-30*}ngulo de la imp
edan{\expndtw-30*}ia {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*}cit{\expndtw-30
*}ci{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 .\par}
\f10 \fs21 Figur{\expndtw-30*} 6 \par}
\f10 \fs21 La manera ms fcil d{\expndtw-30*} calc{\expndtw-30*}lar los valores de
R\dn4 \fs13 C\dn0 \fs21 y {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs13 M\dn0 \fs21 es o{\expndtw30*}ten{\expndtw-30*}r primero la adm{\expndtw-30*}tan{\expndtw-30*}ia \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}e la rama de excitacin. La conductan{\expndtw-30*}i{\ex
pndtw-30*} de la resistencia {\expndtw-30*}e l{\expndtw-30*}s p{\expndtw-30*}did{
\expndtw-30*}s del ncleo {\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 expre{\expndtw-30*}a por: \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}versidad {\expndtw-30*}ecn{\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}ca de Pue{\expndtw-30*}la \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pg{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*} 38 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}lectrici{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}d y E{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ctrnica Industri{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadore{\expndtw-30*} y {\expndtw-30*}otores de induccin \par}
\f10 \fs23 G\dn4 \fs15 C\dn0 \fs23 = 1 / {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 C \par}
\f10 \fs21 Y la sus{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}tancia del in{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}ctor ma{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}tomo{\expndtw-30*}ri{\expndtw-30*}
s{\expndtw-30*} da por: \par}

\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs13 M\dn0 \fs21 = {\expndtw-30*} / X\dn4 \fs13
M \par}
\f10 \fs21 Puesto que estos {\expndtw-30*}os ele{\expndtw-30*}entos s{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*} paralelos, sus adm{\expndtw-30*}tanc{\expndtw-30*}as se suman
y {\expndtw-30*}a admitancia \par}
\f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}ta{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}xcitacin es: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Y\dn4 \fs13 {\expndtw-30*}\dn0 \fs21 = G\dn4 \fs13 C\dn0 \fs21 - jB
\dn4 \fs13 M \par}
\f10 \fs21 = 1 / R\dn4 \fs13 C\dn0 \fs21 - {\expndtw-30*} 1 / X\dn4 \fs13 C \p
ar}
f10 \fs21 La magnitud {\expndtw-30*}e la {\expndtw-30*}dmit{\expndtw-30*}{\expnd
tw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} exc{\expndtw-30*}tac{\expnd
tw-30*}n ({\expndtw-30*}eferi{\expndtw-30*}a al cir{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}t
o {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}mario) se pued{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 encontrar por medio del ensay{\expndtw-30*} del cir{\expndtw-30*}uito
{\expndtw-30*}bierto de vol{\expndtw-30*}aje y {\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}ie
{\expndtw-30*}te: \par}
\f10 \fs21 |Y\dn4 \fs13 E\dn0 \fs21 | = I\dn4 \fs13 {\expndtw-30*}C\dn0 \fs21 /
{\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs13 OC \par}
\f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ngulo {\expndtw-30*}e la a{\expndtw-30*
}mit{\expndtw-30*}nci{\expndtw-30*} puede {\expndtw-30*}ncontrarse {\expndtw-30*
}onociendo el factor {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}otencia del cir{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}ito. \par}
\f10 \fs21 El facto{\expndtw-30*} de potencia en {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}cu
ito abierto (FP) se da {\expndtw-30*}or: \par}
\f10 \fs21 FP = cos \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} = P\d
n4 \fs13 OC\dn0 \fs21 / V\dn4 \fs13 {\expndtw-30*}C\dn0 \fs21 I\dn4 \fs13 OC \
par}
\f10 \fs21 Y e{\expndtw-30*} ngulo q del factor de potencia {\expndtw-30*}e obti{
\expndtw-30*}ne p{\expndtw-30*}r: \par}
\f10 \fs21 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} = cos\up5 \fs1
3 -{\expndtw-30*}\up0 \fs21 P\dn4 \fs13 OC\dn0 \fs21 / V\dn4 \fs13 OC\dn0 \fs2
1 I\dn4 \fs13 OC \par}
f10 \fs21 El facto{\expndtw-30*} de potencia siempre e{\expndtw-30*}t en atraso e
n un {\expndtw-30*}ransformad{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}eal, {\expndtw-30*}s q
ue el {\expndtw-30*}ngu{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 de la corr{\expndtw-30*}ente retarda {\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}gul
o del voltaje en \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} grados.
Por tan{\expndtw-30*}o, l{\expndtw-30*} admit{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cia Y\d
n4 \fs13 E\dn0 \fs21 es: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Y\dn4 \fs13 E\dn0 \fs21 =I\dn4 \fs13 OC\dn0 \fs21 /V\dn4 \fs13 O{\ex
pndtw-30*}\dn0 \fs21 [ - \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }}
\par}
\f10 \fs21 = I\dn4 \fs13 OC\dn0 \fs21 / V\dn4 \fs13 OC \par}

\f10 \fs21 [ -cos\up5 \fs13 -1\up0 \fs21 F{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Es p{\expndtw-30*}sible deter{\expndtw-30*}inar lo{\expndtw-30*} {\ex
pndtw-30*}alores de R\dn4 \fs13 C\dn0 \fs21 y X\dn4 \fs13 M\dn0 \fs21 , di{\exp
ndtw-30*}ectamente de los d{\expndtw-30*}tos {\expndtw-30*}el {\expndtw-30*}ns{\
expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
\f10 \fs21 circuito abierto. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Prueba de cort{\expndtw-30*}circ{\expndtw-30*}ito \par}
\f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} el ensay{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} cortocircuit{\
expndtw-30*}, los {\expndtw-30*}erm{\expndtw-30*}nale{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-3
0*}cun{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s del trans{\expn
dtw-30*}ormador {\expndtw-30*}st{\expndtw-30*}n en \par}
\f10 \fs21 cortocircui{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}os termina{\e
xpndtw-30*}es prima{\expndtw-30*}io{\expndtw-30*} estn conectados justam{\expndtw
-30*}nte a una fuente de ba{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 vol{\expndtw-30*}aje, c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o se ilus{\expndtw
-30*}ra e{\expndtw-30*} la figura 7. E{\expndtw-30*} vo{\expndtw-30*}taje de ali
ment{\expndtw-30*}cin se aju{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} hasta que
la \par}
\f10 \fs21 cor{\expndtw-30*}iente en la {\expndtw-30*}obina, qu{\expndtw-30*} {
\expndtw-30*}st {\expndtw-30*}n cortocircuito, {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a igu{
\expndtw-30*}l a s{\expndtw-30*} v{\expndtw-30*}lor no{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}l. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnolgica de Puebl{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Ele{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}icidad y E{\expndtw-30*}ectrnica
Indus{\expndtw-30*}rial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformadores y Motores de induccin \par}
f10 \fs21 Figu{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}grese de man{\expndtw-30*}ener el v{\expnd
tw-30*}ltaj{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}rimari{\expndtw-30*} en un n{\expndtw-30
*}vel seguro. No ser{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} una bue{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndt
w-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 quemar la {\expndtw-30*}obina del trans{\expndtw-30*}ormador {\expndt
w-30*}ratando {\expndtw-30*}e ensayarlo. \par}
\f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} volt{\expndtw-30*}je, {\expndtw-30*}a corriente y la
po{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ncia {\expndtw-30*}e a{\expndtw-30*}imentaci{\expnd
tw-30*} debern medi{\expndtw-30*}se nue{\expndtw-30*}amente. \par}
f10 \fs21 Pues{\expndtw-30*}o que el voltaje de alimentacin es tan bajo durant{\e
xpndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}l e{\expndtw-30*}sayo de cortocircuito, {\expndtw-30*}
na \par}
f10 \fs21 corr{\expndtw-30*}ente muy ba{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}luye a tra{
\expndtw-30*}s de la rama de e{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}in. {\e
xpndtw-30*}i la co{\expndtw-30*}riente de excita{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} se
\par}
f10 \fs21 i{\expndtw-30*}nora, entonces {\expndtw-30*}a cada de voltaje en e{\exp
ndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ransform{\expndtw-30*}dor se le p{\expndtw-30*}ede atrib
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r a los \par}
f10 \fs21 eleme{\expndtw-30*}tos en seri{\expndtw-30*} en el c{\expndtw-30*}rcui
to. La mag{\expndtw-30*}itud de las imp{\expndtw-30*}dancias en serie referidas
al \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ado pri{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rio del tra{\expndtw
-30*}sformado{\expndtw-30*} es: \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 |\b0 {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 SE\dn0 \fs23 | = V\dn4 \fs15 SC\dn0
\fs23 / I\dn4 \fs15 SC \par}
\f10 \fs21 El factor de potencia se {\expndtw-30*}a por: \par}
\f10 \fs21 FP = c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMB
OL 113 \\f Symbol }} = P\dn4 \fs13 SC\dn0 \fs21 / {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs13 SC\d
n0 \fs21 I\dn4 \fs13 S{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 y est en atraso . A{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} ngulo {\expndtw-30*}e c
or{\expndtw-30*}iente es neg{\expndtw-30*}tivo, y el n{\expndtw-30*}ulo \expndtw14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} de la impedancia \par}
\f10 \fs21 tota{\expndtw-30*} es positi{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs23 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} =cos\up5 \fs15
-1\up0 \fs23 P\dn4 \fs15 SC\dn0 \fs23 / V\dn4 \fs15 SC\dn0 \fs23 I\dn4 \fs15
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Entonces , \par}
f10 \fs23 Z\dn4 \fs15 SE\dn0 \fs23 = ({\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 SC\dn0 \fs23 [
{\expndtw-30*}) / (I\dn4 \fs15 SC\dn0 \fs23 [ -\fs21 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldi
nst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }}\fs23 ) = (V\dn4 \fs15 SC\dn0 \fs23 / I\dn4 \fs15 S
C\dn0 \fs23 ) [\fs21 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} \pa
r}
\f10 \fs23 Z\dn4 \fs15 SE\dn0 \fs23 = Req + jXeq \par}
\f10 \fs23 = (R\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 + a\up5 \fs15 2\up0 \fs23 R\dn4 \fs15 S\
dn0 \fs23 ) + j(X\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 + a\up5 \fs15 2\up0 \fs23 X\dn4 \fs15
S\dn0 \fs23 ) \par}
f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} posible determinar la im{\expndtw-30*}edancia {\expndt
w-30*}erie {\expndtw-30*}otal, referida al lado p{\expndtw-30*}imario, us{\expnd
tw-30*}ndo {\expndtw-30*}sta \par}
f10 \fs21 tcnica, {\expndtw-30*}ero no ha{\expndtw-30*} una m{\expndtw-30*}n{\exp
ndtw-30*}ra fcil de d{\expndtw-30*}vidir la impeda{\expndtw-30*}cia serie entre {
\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nent{\expndtw-30*}s \par
}
\f10 \fs21 primario y secundario. Afor{\expndtw-30*}unad{\expndtw-30*}mente, t{\

expndtw-30*}l separac{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}o es neces{\expndtw-30*}ria pa
ra resolv{\expndtw-30*}r \par}
\f10 \fs21 problemas normales. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Esto{\expndtw-30*} mismo{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*}sayos tambi{\ex
pndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}ueden {\expndtw-30*}eal{\expndtw-30*}za{\expndtw-30*}s
e en el lado {\expndtw-30*}ecundario del \par}
\f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}ansformador, si se p{\expndtw-30*}ens{\expndtw-30*} qu
e es ms {\expndtw-30*}onven{\expndtw-30*}ente h{\expndtw-30*}cerlos, bien p{\expn
dtw-30*}r los nive{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 v{\expndtw-30*}ltaj{\expndtw-30*}s o por cu{\expndtw-30*}lqui{\expndt
w-30*}r otra ra{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}. {\expndtw-30*}i los ensayo{\expndtw30*} se hacen en {\expndtw-30*}l lado s{\expndtw-30*}cundario, los \par}
\f10 \fs21 r{\expndtw-30*}sultados, naturalmente, da{\expndtw-30*}n las impedanci
a{\expndtw-30*} del circuito equ{\expndtw-30*}valente referid{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*} al la{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 secundario del transformad{\expndtw-30*}r y no al {\expndtw-30*}rima
{\expndtw-30*}io. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 U{\expndtw-30*}iversidad Te{\expndtw-30*}nolgica de Pu{\expndtw
-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgin{\expndtw-30*} 40 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 El{\expndtw-30*}ctricidad y Electr{\expndtw-30*}ica I{\expndtw-3
0*}dustria{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tran{\expndtw-30*}forma{\expndtw-30*}ore{\expndtw-30*} y M{\expndtw-3
0*}tor{\expndtw-30*}s de inducc{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Sab{\expndtw-30*}r Hacer en la practica (1{\expndtw-30*} hrs.) \pa
r}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul E}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul E}{\ul R}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul
I}{\ul C}{\ul I}{\ul O}{\ul }{\ul P}{\ul R}{\ul }{\ul C}{\ul T}{\ul I}{\ul {\exp
ndtw-30*}}{\ul O} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 P{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}TES PRI{\expndtw-30*}CIPALE{\expndtw30*} {\expndtw-30*}E UN TRANSFORMADOR INDUST{\expndtw-30*}IAL \par}
f10 \fs21 En este ejer{\expndtw-30*}icio los alumnos deber{\expndtw-30*} de {\exp
ndtw-30*}de{\expndtw-30*}tifica{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}sicamente las partes
princi{\expndtw-30*}ale{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
f10 \fs21 un trasformador industr{\expndtw-30*}al, as como tam{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}n to{\expndtw-30*}aran nota de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s dato{\expnd
tw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} placa que \par}
\f10 \fs21 tiene dicho eleme{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Practica 1 \par}

up0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul M}{\ul e}{\ul d}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul i}{\ul }{\ul n}{\ul }{\ul
d}{\ul e}{\ul }{\ul l}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul R}{\ul e}{\ul s}{\ul i}{\ul s}{\ul t}
{\ul e}{\ul n}{\ul c}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul }{\ul d}{\ul
e}{\ul }{\ul l}{\ul o}{\ul s}{\ul }{\ul D}{\ul e}{\ul v}{\ul a}{\ul n}{\ul a}{
\ul d}{\ul o}{\ul s}{\ul }{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul e}{\ul }{\ul u}{\ul n}{\ul
}{\ul T}{\ul r}{\ul a}{\ul n}{\ul s}{\ul f}{\ul o}{\ul r}{\ul m}{\ul a}{\ul d}{
\ul o}{\ul r} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Esta {\expndtw-30*}rctica se h{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a medir la resistencia de\fs13 2\fs21 cada {\ex
pndtw-30*}ev{\expndtw-30*}na{\expndtw-30*}o y {\expndtw-30*}e esta man{\expndtw30*}ra \par}
\f10 \fs21 veri{\expndtw-30*}icar {\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}lculo de las p{\ex
pndtw-30*}didas por efecto joule I {\expndtw-30*}, as como tambin e{\expndtw-30*}c
{\expndtw-30*}ntrar l{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 cada {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}oltaje en la resisten
c{\expndtw-30*}a de {\expndtw-30*}ada devanado. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}st{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}ctic{\expndtw-30*} se ef
ecta con una {\expndtw-30*}uent{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} corriente d{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ecta , un vo{\expndtw-30*}tm{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}o {\
expndtw-30*} un \par}
\f10 \fs21 a{\expndtw-30*}permetro, E{\expndtw-30*}tos ele{\expndtw-30*}entos se
conectan a trav{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e un{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} lo
s de{\expndtw-30*}anados de un \par}
\f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}ansformador {\expndtw-30*} se hace pa{\expndtw-30*}ar
una corriente men{\expndtw-30*}r a la cor{\expndtw-30*}ien{\expndtw-30*}e no{\e
xpndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}al del {\expndtw-30*}evan{\expndtw-30*}do en \par}
\f10 \fs21 comn co{\expndtw-30*} el que {\expndtw-30*}e est trabajando. Posteri{\e
xpndtw-30*}rmente se toma nota d{\expndtw-30*} los valores de \par}
\f10 \fs21 corrie{\expndtw-30*}te {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}olta{\expndtw-30
*}e {\expndtw-30*} se aplica la ley de ohm para encontra{\expndtw-30*} el va{\ex
pndtw-30*}or {\expndtw-30*}e resis{\expndtw-30*}enci{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univer{\expndtw-30*}idad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}ic{\expndtw-30*} {
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pg{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a 41 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y Electrnica Indus{\expndtw-30*}rial \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ansformadores y Mot{\expndtw-30*}re{\expn
dtw-30*} de induccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Practica 2 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul M}{\ul e}{\ul d}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul i}{\ul }{\ul {\expndtw-30*}
}{\ul }{\ul d}{\ul e}{\ul }{\ul l}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul R}{\ul e}{\ul {\expndtw-3
0*}}{\ul a}{\ul c}{\ul i}{\ul }{\ul n}{\ul }{\ul d}{\ul e}{\ul }{\ul T}{\ul {\e
xpndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul n}{\ul s}{\ul f}{\ul o}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul m}{\ul {
\expndtw-30*}}{\ul c}{\ul i}{\ul }{\ul n} \par}

f10 \fs21 Esta prctica tiene como finalidad encontr{\expndtw-30*}r la relacin de t
ransf{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ma{\expndtw-30*}in qu{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-3
0*}ene un \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ransformador en cu{\expndtw-30*}nto {\expndtw-30*}l nume
ro de vueltas del devanad{\expndtw-30*} prim{\expndtw-30*}rio con re{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}ec{\expndtw-30*}o a{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 numero d{\expndtw-30*} vuel{\expndtw-30*}as del devanado se{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}ndario de {\expndtw-30*}icho ele{\expndtw-30*}ento. {\expndtw-3
0*}s{\expndtw-30*}a rela{\expndtw-30*}in se pue{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs21 e{\expndtw-30*}contrar a travs de un mtodo directo, donde se realiza la
med{\expndtw-30*}cin de los voltajes de \par}
f10 \fs21 l{\expndtw-30*}s devanados de alto y baj{\expndtw-30*} vol{\expndtw-30
*}a{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}e un tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformador en vac{\expndtw
-30*}. Para esto fij{\expndtw-30*}mos {\expndtw-30*}n \par}
f10 \fs21 vo{\expndtw-30*}taje de c,a en el pr{\expndtw-30*}mario del tra{\expnd
tw-30*}sf{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mador y poster{\expndtw-30*}ormente rea{\ex
pndtw-30*}izam{\expndtw-30*}s la {\expndtw-30*}edi{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} \
par}
f10 \fs21 e{\expndtw-30*} ambo{\expndtw-30*} deva{\expndtw-30*}ados. La relacin d
{\expndtw-30*}l vo{\expndtw-30*}taje p{\expndtw-30*}ima{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}o c{\expndtw-30*}n respecto al volt{\expndtw-30*}je s{\expndtw-30*}cunda{\exp
ndtw-30*}io \par}
f10 \fs21 nos dar la relaci{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} transforma{\expndtw-30*}
in {\expndtw-30*}a que : \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 a\i0 = N\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 / N\dn4 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}\dn
0 \fs23 = V\dn4 \fs15 P\dn0 \fs23 / V\dn4 \fs15 S \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Prac{\expndtw-30*}ica 3 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 P{\expndtw-30*}laridad {\expndtw-30*}e un {\expndtw-30*}ransf{\exp
ndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ador por el mtodo d{\expndtw-30*} golpe induc{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
f10 \fs21 Est{\expndtw-30*} prctica se realiza {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ra {\e
xpndtw-30*}etermina{\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-30*} polarida{\expndtw-30*} que {\e
xpndtw-30*}ienen en un i{\expndtw-30*}stant{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 determin{\expndtw-30*}do {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s terminale{\exp
ndtw-30*} de los dev{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ado{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}
rimar{\expndtw-30*}o y secundari{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} un trans{\expndtw
-30*}ormado{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
f10 \fs21 Para dete{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}inar la polaridad de las ter{\exp
ndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ales de los dev{\expndtw-30*}nad{\expndtw-30*}s de un tr
ansf{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}dor se \par}
f10 \fs21 sug{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}e que se utilice el mtodo del g{\expndt
w-30*}lpe inductivo. \par}
f10 \fs21 Este {\expndtw-30*}todo consiste en apli{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}mentneamente un {\expndtw-30*}oltaje {\expndtw-30*}{\e

xpndtw-30*} c-d a uno de los \par}
f10 \fs21 dev{\expndtw-30*}nados del {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}nsforma{\expnd
tw-30*}or, i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ifi{\expndtw-30*}ando p{\
expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}mente antes la polari{\expndtw-30*}ad
de conexin. \par}
f10 \fs21 En el {\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}o dev{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}d
o del transformador se conect{\expndtw-30*} un v{\expndtw-30*}ltmetro de aguja, d
{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} se \par}
\f10 \fs21 observ{\expndtw-30*} la direc{\expndtw-30*}in de la def{\expndtw-30*}e
xi{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}ue {\expndtw-30*}iene la aguja en {\expndtw-30*}
l ins{\expndtw-30*}ante que se {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lica {\expndtw-30*}l
\par}
\f10 \fs21 voltaje. S {\expndtw-30*}a deflexin es haci{\expndtw-30*} dentro de la
{\expndtw-30*}sca{\expndtw-30*}a, {\expndtw-30*}ntonces est{\expndtw-30*} quiere
{\expndtw-30*}ecir que s{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 b{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ne es positi{\expndtw-30*}o con re{\expn
dtw-30*}pec{\expndtw-30*}o a{\expndtw-30*} bo{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*} posit
{\expndtw-30*}v{\expndtw-30*} donde se aplica el v{\expndtw-30*}ltaje. S la aguja
se \par}
\f10 \fs21 deflexiona e{\expndtw-30*} sentido contrario, entonc{\expndtw-30*}s q
uiere deci{\expndtw-30*} que su born{\expndtw-30*} es negativo co{\expndtw-30*}
\par}
\f10 \fs21 respecto a{\expndtw-30*} bo{\expndtw-30*}ne d{\expndtw-30*}nde {\exp
ndtw-30*}e aplic{\expndtw-30*} el vol{\expndtw-30*}aje. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 {\ul P}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul c}{\ul
a}{\ul s}{\ul }{\ul c}{\ul o}{\ul n}{\ul s}{\ul e}{\ul c}{\ul u}{\ul t}{\ul i}{
\ul v}{\ul a}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul }{\ul e}{\ul n}{\ul }{\ul l}{\ul a}{\ul
}{\ul G}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul }{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul d}{\ul e}{\ul }{\ul P}{\ul
r}{\ul }{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul s}{\ul }{\ul d}{\ul e}{\ul }{\
ul l}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul a}{\ul s}{\ul i}{\ul g}{\ul n}{\ul a}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}
}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul r}{\ul a}{\ul .} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecn{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}ica de Puebla \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}na 42 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricida{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} Electr{\expndtw-30*}ni
ca In{\expndtw-30*}ust{\expndtw-30*}ial \par}
\f10 \fs15 T{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nsforma{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}es y
Mot{\expndtw-30*}res de indu{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
p0 \f10 \fs54 {\expndtw-30*}V Conceptos gen{\expndtw-30*}rales de los \par}
up0 \f10 \fs54 Motores de C.A \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Ob{\expndtw-30*}et{\expndtw-30*}v{\expndtw-30*} particular de la u
ni{\expndtw-30*}ad \par}
\f10 \fs21 Conocer las leye{\expndtw-30*} de operac{\expndtw-30*}n d{\expndtw-30*
}l mo{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} y s{\expndtw-30*} const{\expndtw-30*}uccin \pa
r}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Habili{\expndtw-30*}ades po{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}sar{\expn
dtw-30*}olla{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} la {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}idad \
par}
bullet }\par}
bullet }\par}
f10 \fs21 l. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Sa{\expndtw-30*}er e{\expndtw-30*} la Te{\expndtw-30*}ra ( 3 hrs.)
\par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 I{\expndtw-30*}.I Leyes {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}damentales \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}onocer el {\expndtw-30*}uncion{\expndtw-30*}miento y {\
expndtw-30*}onstrucc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n de lo{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw30*}otor{\expndtw-30*}s de in{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ccin. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Conoc{\expndtw-30*}r la c{\expndtw-30*}asificacin de los mo{\expndtw-3
0*}ores de induccion \par}
\f10 \fs21 Co{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}ender la{\expndtw-30*} ley{\expndtw-30
*}s fundamentales que rigen el funcionami{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}to general
de los motores : \par}
\f10 \fs21 Far{\expndtw-30*}day, Fleming, Biot {\expndtw-30*}av{\expndtw-30*}rt,
\par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Ley de F{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}aday \par}
f10 \fs21 Si {\expndtw-30*}n con{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cto{\expndtw-30*} se
mueve {\expndtw-30*}or, {\expndtw-30*}n camp{\expndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}gntico
de modo {\expndtw-30*}ue corte la{\expndtw-30*} lneas \par}
f10 \fs21 magn{\expndtw-30*}ticas {\expndtw-30*}e flu{\expndtw-30*}o, se inducir,
{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}oltaj{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}or el conductor
, {\expndtw-30*}omo se obs{\expndtw-30*}rva {\expndtw-30*}n la \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}igu{\expndtw-30*}a 12. l. Entre m{\expndtw-30*}yor sea
l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}antid{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de l{\expndtw-30*
}eas de flujo c{\expndtw-30*}rtadas p{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}idad de tiem{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 (in{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}mentan{\expndtw-30*}o la v{\expndtw-3
0*}loc{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}d con {\expndtw-30*}a cual e{\expndtw-30*} c{
\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}uctor pasa por el cam{\expndtw-30*}o) o {\expndtw-30
*}ntre ms \par}
\f10 \fs21 fuerte sea la {\expndtw-30*}uerza del c{\expndtw-30*}mp{\expndtw-30*}
m{\expndtw-30*}gnt{\expndtw-30*}co (para la misma velocidad d{\expndtw-30*} reco
r{\expndtw-30*}ido), mayor \par}
\f10 \fs21 ser{\expndtw-30*} el volt{\expndtw-30*}je ind{\expndtw-30*}cido por e

l cond{\expndtw-30*}ctor. Si el cond{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tor se man{\expn
dtw-30*}iene fijo {\expndtw-30*} el campo \par}
\f10 \fs21 magnt{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ue{\e
xpndtw-30*}e para que sus lne{\expndtw-30*}s c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ten el
{\expndtw-30*}ond{\expndtw-30*}ctor, se p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw30*}c{\expndtw-30*}r el mismo \par}
\f10 \fs21 efe{\expndtw-30*}to. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univers{\expndtw-30*}dad Tecnolgica de Puebl{\expndtw-30*} \par
}
\f10 \fs15 Transforma{\expndtw-30*}ores y {\expndtw-30*}otores de ind{\expndtw-3
0*}ccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 Si se c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}a u{\expndtw-30*}a
{\expndtw-30*}obi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de N vu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}{\expndtw-30*}as en la re{\expndtw-30*}in de un flujo cambian{\expndtw-30*}e, co
mo en {\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gura \par}
f10 \fs21 12.2, se i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} un
volt{\expndtw-30*}j{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}or {\expndtw-30*}a bobina, como
lo d{\expndtw-30*}termina l{\expndtw-30*} L{\expndtw-30*}y {\expndtw-30*}e Fara
day. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Relac{\expndtw-30*}ones d{\expndtw-30*} Flem{\expndtw-30*}ng \par}
\f10 \fs21 Regla de l{\expndtw-30*} mano derecha de fleming \par}
f10 \fs21 La\b regl{\expndtw-30*}\b0 de la {\expndtw-30*}ano dere{\expndtw-30*
}ha de\b Flemi{\expndtw-30*}g\b0 nos permite {\expndtw-30*}eterminar el sen{\e
xpndtw-30*}ido {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la fem \par}
f10 \fs21 inducida de u{\expndtw-30*} cond{\expndtw-30*}ct{\expndtw-30*}r que se
mue{\expndtw-30*}e a t{\expndtw-30*}avs de un camp{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}a
gntico fijo. ( Principio \par}
\f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*}l G{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}rador ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Si exten{\expndtw-30*}em{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la {\expndtw-30*
}ano derecha y con lo{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}n los dedos formam{\expndtw-3
0*}s un triedro {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}rrect{\expndtw-30*}gulo \par}
f10 \fs21 e indicamos las siguientes direcciones, p{\expndtw-30*}demos encont{\e
xpndtw-30*}ar ent{\expndtw-30*}nce{\expndtw-30*} la fem {\expndtw-30*}nducidad \
par}
\f10 \fs21 Dedo ndice - D{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}cci{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw30*}e{\expndtw-30*} campo \par}
\f10 \fs21 Dedo {\expndtw-30*}ulg{\expndtw-30*}r - Direccin de la fuerza {\expndt
w-30*} movimiento del conductor \par}

f10 \fs21 Dedo Medio - {\expndtw-30*}ireccin d{\expndtw-30*} la {\expndtw-30*}em
{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}ida \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}a regla {\expndtw-30*}e l{\expndtw-30*} mano izqu{\ex
pndtw-30*}er{\expndtw-30*}a de {\expndtw-30*}leming\b0 nos perm{\expndtw-30*}te
encontrar la direccin de la \par}
f10 \fs21 fuerz{\expndtw-30*} resultante \par}
f10 \fs21 que desarr{\expndtw-30*}lla u{\expndtw-30*} con{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndt
w-30*}tor con c{\expndtw-30*}rrient{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}uando se en{\exp
ndtw-30*}uentra \par}
f10 \fs21 coloc{\expndtw-30*}do dentro {\expndtw-30*}e un campo magnt{\expndtw-30
*}co, ( Principio d{\expndtw-30*}l Mo{\expndtw-30*}or) \par}
10 \fs21 .\par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ara l{\expndtw-30*}s mot{\expndtw-30*}res apli{\expndtw
-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*}a\b mano\b0 izquier{\expndtw-30*}a c{\exp
ndtw-30*}n l{\expndtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*}do{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}dic{\expndtw-30*} (direccin d{\expndtw-30*} ca{\expndtw-30*}po), \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ulgar (direcc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de fuerza o mo{
\expndtw-30*}imi{\expndtw-30*}nto) y medio (direcci{\expndtw-30*} de la corriente
o f.e.m.), \par}
\f10 \fs21 formando un triedro trir{\expndtw-30*}ectngul{\expndtw-30*} . \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 El{\expndtw-30*}ctr{\expndtw-30*}cid{\expndtw-30*}d y Electrnic{
\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ndus{\expndtw-30*}ri{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transf{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}madores y {\expndtw-30*}otor{\expnd
tw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*} i{\expndtw-30*}duccin \par}
f10 \fs21 La regla de la man{\expndtw-30*} derech{\expndtw-30*} de{\expndtw-30*}
ti{\expndtw-30*}ab{\expndtw-30*}zn \par}
\f10 \fs21 permi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 comprender {\expndtw-30*}e manera s{\expndtw-30*}mple los princ{\expnd
tw-30*}pales efectos \par}
f10 \fs21 asociados {\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}amp{\expndtw-30*} magntico. El
pulga{\expndtw-30*} se coloca en la \par}
f10 \fs21 direccin de l{\expndtw-30*} corriente y los dedos restantes indican la
\par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}irecc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de las lnea{\expndtw-30*
} d{\expndtw-30*} fuerza. Esto se puede ver \par}

f10 \fs21 claramente en la figura adjunta {\expndtw-30*}n donde a raz {\expndtw-3
0*}e {\expndtw-30*}a \par}
f10 \fs21 circul{\expndtw-30*}cin de u{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}rriente, las l{\expndtw-30*}nea{\expndtw-30*} de fuerza toman {\expndtw-30*}u \
par}
\f10 \fs21 consiguien{\expndtw-30*}e d{\expndtw-30*}stribucin. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 La relac{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}erza de Biot Sabart \par}
\f10 \fs21 La ley de la f{\expndtw-30*}erza sobr{\expndtw-30*} un c{\expndtw-30*
}nduc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r que se e{\expndtw-30*}cu{\expndtw-30*}nt{\exp
ndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}entro de un campo magntic{\expndtw-30*}, {\expndtw-30*}
\par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ue cua{\expndtw-30*}tifica a la l{\expndtw-30*}y de len
z, se le denomino co{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la ley de de Biot y {\expndtw-3
0*}ava{\expndtw-30*}t. \par}
f10 \fs21 Esta ley relac{\expndtw-30*}ona e{\expndtw-30*} campo magnt{\expndtw-30
*}c{\expndtw-30*} por una unidad de rea ( B ), l{\expndtw-30*} longitu{\expndtw-3
0*} del \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}nductor ( {\expndtw-30*} ) que se enc{\expndtw-30*}ent
ra dentro del cam{\expndtw-30*}o magntico y {\expndtw-30*}a corriente ( I ), E{\e
xpndtw-30*}tas tre{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 magnitudes pr{\expndtw-30*}ducen en conj{\expndtw-30*}nto una {\expndt
w-30*}uerza sobre el condu{\expndtw-30*}tor, \par}
f10 \fs21 Esta fuerz{\expndtw-30*} sob{\expndtw-30*}e el conductor se p{\expndtw
-30*}ede expresar a t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}vs de la s{\expndtw-30*}gu{\expn
dtw-30*}ent{\expndtw-30*} expresin \par}
\f10 \fs21 matem{\expndtw-30*}ica. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 F = ILBsen\expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 113 \\f Symbol }} \
par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*}emplo de conductores c{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*
}or{\expndtw-30*}iente e{\expndtw-30*} parale{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 M{\expndtw-30*}tores de i{\expndtw-30*}duccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 Las m{\expndtw-30*}qu{\expndtw-30*}nas de induccin tienen {\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}a parte es{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}naria, la cual se con{\expndtw-30*}ce {\expndtw-30*}omo E{\expndtw-30*}tator
\par}
\f10 \fs21 y una p{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}e rot{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}oria {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}amada Roto{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 U{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}da
d Tecno{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gica de P{\expndtw-30*}ebl{\expndtw-30*} \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}gina 45 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 El{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tricid{\expndtw-30*}d y Electr{\ex
pndtw-30*}ica Indu{\expndtw-30*}trial \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ransfor{\expndtw-30*}adores y Motores d{\expndtw-30*} i
\f10 \fs21 Estat{\expndtw-30*}r y s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}o{
\expndtw-30*}inas \par}
\f10 \fs21 El estator est hecho {\expndtw-30*}e lmin{\expndtw-30*}s de ace{\expndt
w-30*}o circu{\expndtw-30*}ares con ranu{\expndtw-30*}as a lo largo de su perife
{\expndtw-30*}ia \par}
\f10 \fs21 interior. Los {\expndtw-30*}ados {\expndtw-30*}e l{\expndtw-30*}s bob
inas se localizan en e{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}s ranu{\expndtw-30*}as. En la
p{\expndtw-30*}ctica, por \par}
\f10 \fs21 s{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}es{\expndtw-30*}o, {\expndtw-30*}l bobi
nad{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ons{\expndtw-30*}stir de varias {\expndtw-30*}o{\
expndtw-30*}inas distribuidas a lo larg{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e la per{\ex
pndtw-30*}fe{\expndtw-30*}ia. \par}
\f10 \fs23 Rotor ti{\expndtw-30*}o jaula \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}l rotor tipo j{\expndtw-30*}ula {\expndtw-30*}onsis{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} en una {\expndtw-30*}erie de {\expndtw-30*}arras conduct
oras, co{\expndtw-30*}ocadas en ranuras \par}
f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}das en {\expndtw-30*}a ca{
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}el rotor y con {\expndtw-30*}us e{\exp
ndtw-30*}tremo{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}tos en c{\expndtw-30*
}r{\expndtw-30*}o, por medio d{\expndtw-30*} anillos de \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ortocirc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}to. s{\expndtw-30*}
car{\expndtw-30*}cteriza p{\expndtw-30*}r su rob{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tez
, sencillez {\expndtw-30*} eco{\expndtw-30*}oma. E{\expndtw-30*} el ms {\expndtw-3
0*}mpleado. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Rot{\expndtw-30*}r ti{\expndtw-30*}o jaula de a{\expndtw-30*}dilla \
par}
\f10 \fs23 S{\expndtw-30*} muestra un corte tr{\expndtw-30*}nsve{\expndtw-30*}s
al de {\expndtw-30*}na mquina t{\expndtw-30*}ifsic{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}
ndu{\expndtw-30*}cin rotor ja{\expndtw-30*}la \par}
\f10 \fs23 de ardilla, {\expndtw-30*}onde se ap{\expndtw-30*}ecia el movimie{\e
xpndtw-30*}to del {\expndtw-30*}ot{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} con todos sus {\e
xpndtw-30*}omponente{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 Rotor b{\expndtw-30*}binado de una mquina trifsica de i{\expndtw-30
*}duccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 El r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}or bo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nad{
\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*}t provisto con bobinas similares a aquellas {\expndt
w-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} estator con el cu{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs21 est a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ciado. El {\expndtw-30*}otor debe bo

binarse con el m{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mo nmero de po{\expndtw-30*}os que el
e{\expndtw-30*}tator. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}gica de P{\expndtw-30*}ebla \p
ar}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 E{\expndtw-30*}ectric{\expndtw-30*}dad y {\expndtw-30*}lectrnica
{\expndtw-30*}ndu{\expndtw-30*}trial \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}rans{\expndtw-30*}ormadores y Motores {\expndtw-30*}e {
\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 Rotor bobinado trifs{\expndtw-30*}co \par}
f10 \fs21 Se mue{\expndtw-30*}tra un corte transvers{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
de una mquina trifs{\expndtw-30*}ca de induccin r{\expndtw-30*}tor bobi{\expndtw-3
0*}ad{\expndtw-30*}, \par}
f10 \fs21 do{\expndtw-30*}de se aprecia el movimiento rota{\expndtw-30*}io{\expn
dtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} con todos sus {\expndtw-30*}omponentes. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}versidad Te{\expndtw-30*}nolg{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a de Pueb{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y Electr{\expndtw-30*}ica Ind{\expndtw-30*}strial \
par}
\f10 \fs15 T{\expndtw-30*}ansfo{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ores y
Motor{\expndtw-30*}s de inducci{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univers{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*} Tecnolgica de Pueb{\expnd
tw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Ele{\expndtw-30*}tricidad y Electrnic{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30
*}ndustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transf{\expndtw-30*}rmadores y Mot{\expndtw-30*}res {\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*} induccin \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}ina 49 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elect{\expndtw-30*}icid{\expndtw-30*}d y Electrnica Ind{\expndtw
-30*}strial \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ran{\expndtw-30*}formadores y Motores de induccin \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cnolgica de Puebla \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y E{\expndtw-30*}ectr{\expndtw-30*}ni{\expndtw-30*
}a Ind{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadore{\expndtw-30*} y Moto{\expndtw-30*}es de indu{\expndtw30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Frecuencia {\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}l rotor \par}
\f10 \fs21 El {\expndtw-30*}ovimient{\expndtw-30*} relativo entr{\expndtw-30*}
el flujo de{\expndtw-30*} est{\expndtw-30*}tor y {\expndtw-30*}os conductores de
l ro{\expndtw-30*}or i{\expndtw-30*}du{\expndtw-30*}e en \par}
\f10 \fs21 el {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}r voltajes de {\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ecuencia d{\expndtw-30*}ferente a la aplicada en el {\expndt
w-30*}stator. \par}
\f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} comportamiento d{\expndtw-30*} una mquina de in{\expnd
tw-30*}ucci{\expndtw-30*}n es semejante al de {\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 tr{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ormador, con la propied
ad adiciona{\expndtw-30*} de la t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}f{\e
xpndtw-30*}rmacin {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}recuencia. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Con {\expndtw-30*}l rotor giran{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*} la misma dir{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*} que el campo del
estator, la frecuencia \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}e las co{\expndtw-30*}rientes {\expndtw-30*}el rotor {
\expndtw-30*}s: \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 fr={\expndtw-30*}f \par}
\f10 \fs21 En condiciones normales de funcionam{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\ex
pndtw-30*}o el desliz{\expndtw-30*}miento es pequeo (de 3 a \par}
\f10 \fs21 10% a plena carga en la mayora de lo{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}otor{
\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ula de ardil{\expndtw-30*}a) {\expndt
w-30*}or lo tanto la frecuen{\expndtw-30*}ia \par}
\f10 \fs21 del rotor es muy baja (d{\expndtw-30*} 2 a 6 Hz) en motore{\expndtw30*} de 60 Hz. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnolgic{\expndtw-30*} de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}lectricidad y Electrnica Industria{\expndtw-30*} \
par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}nsformadores {\expndtw-30*} Mot{\expndtw
-30*}res de induccin \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}niversidad Tecnolgica d{\expndtw-30*} Puebl{\expn
dtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Ele{\expndtw-30*}trici{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} y Elect{\ex
pndtw-30*}nica {\expndtw-30*}ndu{\expndtw-30*}trial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Mo{\expndtw-30*}ores de induccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Ci{\expndtw-30*}cuit{\expndtw-30*} equival{\expndtw-30*}nte del mo
tor de induc{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ara {\expndtw-30*}eter{\expndtw-30*}inar e{\expndtw-30*}
circuito equivalen{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} la Mq{\expndtw-30
*}ina {\expndtw-30*}e Induccin {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}eben hacer las \par}
\f10 \fs21 siguientes c{\expndtw-30*}nsid{\expndtw-30*}rac{\expndtw-30*}ones: \p
ar}
{\phpg\posx2005\pvpg\posy3042\absw93\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-6 {\f0\fs29 \b
ullet }\par}
f10 \fs21 La d{\expndtw-30*}fere{\expndtw-30*}cia entr{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-3
0*}a ten{\expndtw-30*}in aplic{\expndtw-30*}da a {\expndtw-30*}as {\expndtw-30*}a
{\expndtw-30*}es del est{\expndtw-30*}tor y la tensi{\expndtw-30*} inducida \par}
\f10 \fs21 en st{\expndtw-30*}s por el flu{\expndtw-30*}o res{\expndtw-30*}ltante
{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}l entrehierro, es igual a la su{\expndtw-30*}a de
{\expndtw-30*}as ca{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
f10 \fs21 tensin en la resistenci{\expndtw-30*} y e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}a
s reac{\expndtw-30*}ancias {\expndtw-30*}e dispersi{\expndtw-30*}n de los d{\exp
ndtw-30*}vanados d{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs21 estator (situ{\expndtw-30*}cin idntica a {\expndtw-30*}a del tran{\expn
dtw-30*}fo{\expndtw-30*}mador). \par}
f10 \fs21 La corrien{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} magnetiz{\expndtw-30*}nte reque
rida para {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}r el flu{\e
xpndtw-30*}o del entreh{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ro es \par}
f10 \fs21 proporcion{\expndtw-30*}l a este ltimo (en a{\expndtw-30*}sencia de s{\
expndtw-30*}turacin) y por lo ta{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} a la tensi{\expndtw
-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 q{\expndtw-30*}e i{\expndtw-30*}duce. \par}
f10 \fs21 Las prdidas {\expndtw-30*}n el hierr{\expndtw-30*} las pod{\expndtw-30*

}mos cons{\expndtw-30*}derar (sin gran error) como \par}
f10 \fs21 proporcio{\expndtw-30*}ales al cu{\expndtw-30*}dra{\expndtw-30*}o d{\e
xpndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}a ind{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}in mxi{\expndtw-30*}a
{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}l ent{\expndtw-30*}ehierr{\expndtw-30*}, es decir,
\par}
\f10 \fs21 pr{\expndtw-30*}porcionales al cuadrado de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*} tensin inducida. \par}
ullet }\par}
ullet }\par}
up0 \f10 \fs19 circuito equivalente {\expndtw-30*}e l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ina \par}
\f10 \fs19 Don{\expndtw-30*}e: \par}
\f10 \fs21 R1 :Resis{\expndtw-30*}encia por fase del est{\expndtw-30*}tor (\f40
\expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 87 \\f Symbol }}\f10 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 R2 :{\expndtw-30*}es{\expndtw-30*}stencia po{\expndtw-30*} fase del r
otor, ref{\expndtw-30*}rid{\expndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*} es{\expndtw-30*}ator (\
f40 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 87 \\f Symbol }}\f10 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}1 :Rea{\expndtw-30*}tancia {\expndtw-30*}e dis{\expndt
w-30*}er{\expndtw-30*}in del bobinado de estator\f40 (\expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldi
nst SYMBOL 87 \\f Symbol }}\f10 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 X{\expndtw-30*} :Rea{\expndtw-30*}tancia {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30
*}ispersin {\expndtw-30*}el bobi{\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*} de rotor, referido
{\expndtw-30*}l e{\expndtw-30*}tator (\f40 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
87 \\f Symbol }}\f10 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Rc :Resisten{\expndtw-30*}ia de prdi{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}n {\
expndtw-30*}l nc{\expndtw-30*}eo (\f40 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 87 \\
f Symbol }}\f10 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Xm :R{\expndtw-30*}actan{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} de m{\expndtw30*}gnetizaci{\expndtw-30*}\f40 (\expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 87 \\f Sym
bol }}\f10 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 S\par}
\f10 \fs21 :Desliza{\expndtw-30*}iento (%) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Vf :Volta{\expndtw-30*}e d{\expndtw-30*} fase (v) \par}
\f10 \fs21 E1 :Vo{\expndtw-30*}taje i{\expndtw-30*}duc{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-3
0*} por f{\expndtw-30*}se (v) \par}
\f10 \fs21 I1 :Corriente de {\expndtw-30*}sta{\expndtw-30*}or (A) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Mi :Corriente de magnetiza{\expndtw-30*}in (A) \par}
\f10 \fs21 I2 :Corriente {\expndtw-30*}e rotor, referida al estator (A) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Cua{\expndtw-30*}do se necesit{\expndtw-30*} hacer re{\expndtw-30*}al
tar las relacion{\expndtw-30*}s de torque y potencia, {\expndtw-30*} a fin de \p

ar}
\f10 \fs21 si{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}ifica{\expndtw-30*} los clculos se \par
}
\f10 \fs21 pr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}one el circuito equ{\expndtw-30*}valent
e s{\expndtw-30*}mpl{\expndtw-30*}ficado. Co{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad {\expndtw-30*}ecnol{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ca {
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad {\expndtw-30*} Electrnica Indust{\expndtw-30*}ial \
par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y {\expndtw-30*}otor{\expndtw-30*}s de induccin \par}
f10 \fs21 normalmente\cf74 Rm\cf0 es mucho m{\expndtw-30*} gr{\expndtw-30*}nde
que\cf74 Xm, y Xm >> (R1+X1),\cf0 entonces\cf74 Vf\cf0 es \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}proximadamente igu{\expndtw-30*}l a\cf74 {\expndtw-30*
}1,\cf0 {\expndtw-30*}uego el {\expndtw-30*}ircui{\expndtw-30*}o s{\expndtw-30*
}mpli{\expndtw-30*}ica{\expndtw-30*}o es el siguiente: \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}ATERIALES ELCTRI{\expndtw-30*}OS USAD{\expndtw-30*}S E
N L{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}NSTRUCCIN DE LOS \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}OTO{\expndtw-30*}E{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ond{\expndtw-30*}ctores elctricos. \par}
f10 \fs21 Los materiales usado{\expndtw-30*} como co{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}ctor{\expndtw-30*}s en los mo{\expndtw-30*}ores de indu{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}in {\expndtw-30*}eben se{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 de alta con{\expndtw-30*}uc{\expndtw-30*}ividad, ya que c{\expndtw-30*
}n ello{\expndtw-30*} se fabrican las bobinas. L{\expndtw-30*}s requisit{\expndt
w-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 fu{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*}entales que d{\expndtw-30*}ben {\expn
dtw-30*}umplir l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}teriales condu{\expn
dtw-30*}tores so{\expndtw-30*} los siguientes: \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}) \par}
\f10 \fs21 2) \par}
\f10 \fs21 4) \par}
\f10 \fs21 5) \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}a ms a{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} conductividad posibl
e. \par}

\f10 \fs21 El mejor coeficie{\expndtw-30*}te p{\expndtw-30*}si{\expndtw-30*}le d
e t{\expndtw-30*}mperatu{\expndtw-30*}a p{\expndtw-30*}r r{\expndtw-30*}s{\expnd
tw-30*}stencia e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ctrica. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Una adecu{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*} resistenci{\expndtw-30*} mecnic
a. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Deben ser dctiles y maleabl{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ener una bu{\expndtw-30*}na res{\expndtw-30*}st{\expndt
w-30*}ncia a la c{\expndtw-30*}rrosin. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Lo{\expndtw-30*} materiales m{\expndtw-30*} us{\expndtw-30*}dos en {\
expndtw-30*}os conductores son: \par}
\f10 \fs21 C{\expndtw-30*}bre. \par}
\f10 \fs21 El cobr{\expndtw-30*} es probablemente el material m{\expndtw-30*} am
pliament{\expndtw-30*} usado como c{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}uctor, ya \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ue combina dos propiedades im{\expndtw-30*}ort{\expndtw
-30*}ntes que son: alta {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nductivid{\expndtw-30*}d con
excelent{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 condic{\expndtw-30*}ones mecnicas y a{\expndtw-30*}em{\expndtw-30*} tie
n{\expndtw-30*} una relat{\expndtw-30*}va i{\expndtw-30*}muni{\expndtw-30*}ad a
l{\expndtw-30*} oxida{\expndtw-30*}in y co{\expndtw-30*}rosin \par}
\f10 \fs21 bajo ciertas c{\expndtw-30*}ndici{\expndtw-30*}nes de o{\expndtw-30*
}eracin, {\expndtw-30*}s altamente maleable y dctil. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Aluminio. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}n segu{\expndtw-30*}da del cobre, {\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*} propied{\expndtw-30*}de{\expndtw-30*} de material conduc
to{\expndtw-30*}, {\expndtw-30*}l a{\expndtw-30*}uminio {\expndtw-30*}uro es \pa
r}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}s blando que el cobre {\expndtw-30*} se pu{\expndtw-30*
}de ha{\expndtw-30*}er {\expndtw-30*} f{\expndtw-30*}bricar en h{\expndtw-30*}ja
s o rollo{\expndtw-30*} laminados d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}do
s. \par}
\f10 \fs21 De{\expndtw-30*}ido a sus cara{\expndtw-30*}tersticas mec{\expndtw-30*
}ica{\expndtw-30*}, el al{\expndtw-30*}minio n{\expndtw-30*} se pu{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} fabri{\expndtw-30*}ar siemp{\expndtw-30*}e en forma
\par}
\f10 \fs21 de alambr{\expndtw-30*}. En la ac{\expndtw-30*}ualidad el alu{\expndt
w-30*}inio se usa con frecu{\expndtw-30*}nc{\expndtw-30*}a en la fabricacin de \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 bo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nas para transformadores. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ara{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}rsticas fundamentales {
\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s c{\expndtw-30*}nductor{\expndtw-30*
}s de cobre y aluminio. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Uni{\expndtw-30*}er{\expndtw-30*}idad Tec{\expndtw-30*}olgica d
{\expndtw-30*} P{\expndtw-30*}ebla \par}

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}na 54 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electri{\expndtw-30*}idad y Electrnica {\expndtw-30*}nd{\expndtw
-30*}stria{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Mot{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es de induc{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 Caracter{\expndtw-30*}stica \par}
\f10 \fs21 De{\expndtw-30*}sidad (gr{\expndtw-30*}mo{\expndtw-30*}/cm\up5 \fs13
3\up0 \fs21 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pun{\expndtw-30*}o de fusin\up5 \fs13 {\expndtw-30*}\up0 \fs21 C \par
}
\f10 \fs21 Condu{\expndtw-30*}tiv{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30*}mi
ca watt/m\up5 \fs13 3\up9 o\up0 \fs21 C \par}
\f10 \fs21 Res{\expndtw-30*}stivid{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} oh{\expndtw-30*}m/mm\up5 \fs13 2 \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}oeficiente {\expndtw-30*}or temperatu{\expndtw-30*}a a
2{\expndtw-30*}\up5 \fs13 o\up0 \fs21 C en ohm/ohm/\up5 \fs13 o\up0 \fs21 C \pa
r}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Materia{\expndtw-30*}es aislantes. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Co{\expndtw-30*}re \par}
\f10 \fs21 8.94 \par}
\f10 \fs21 1{\expndtw-30*}83 \par}
\f10 \fs21 350 \par}
\f10 \fs21 0.01724 \par}
\f10 \fs21 0.00393 \par}
f10 \fs21 Alum{\expndtw-30*}nio \par}
\f10 \fs21 2.7 \par}
\f10 \fs21 657 \par}
\f10 \fs21 200 \par}
\f10 \fs21 0.028{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 0.035 \par}
f10 \fs21 Existe u{\expndtw-30*}a g{\expndtw-30*}an diversidad en or{\expndtw-30
*}ge{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*} pr{\expndtw-30*}piedades, mu{\expndtw-30*}ho
{\expndtw-30*} so{\expndtw-30*} de or{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}n \par}

\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}atura{\expndtw-30*} como po{\expndtw-30*} ejemplo el pa
pel, a{\expndtw-30*}godn, {\expndtw-30*}arafinas, etc., otros naturales, pero de
or{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}norgnico, co{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}or e{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}mp{\expndtw-30*}o el vidrio, la p{\expndtw-30*}rcelana {\expndt
w-30*} las cermicas. Exi{\expndtw-30*}te{\expndtw-30*} tambin \par}
\f10 \fs21 materi{\expndtw-30*}les sintticos como el silicn o com{\expndtw-30*}ues
tos a base de s{\expndtw-30*}lic{\expndtw-30*}nes. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Prop{\expndtw-30*}edades elctricas de los materiales ais{\expndtw-3
0*}antes. \par}
f10 \fs21 Las pr{\expndtw-30*}ncipales p{\expndtw-30*}opie{\expndtw-30*}ades que
deter{\expndtw-30*}inan la fa{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ilid{\e
xpndtw-30*}d de us{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} ma{\expndtw-30*}erial \par}
\f10 \fs21 aislante son: \par}
f10 \fs21 L{\expndtw-30*} resist{\expndtw-30*}vidad {\expndtw-30*} r{\expndtw-30
*}s{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}encia esp{\expndtw-30*}cfica, l{\expndtw-30*} ten
sin disru{\expndtw-30*}tiva, la permi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}vidad y l{\expnd
tw-30*} hist{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ct{\expndtw-30*}ica, la {\ex
pndtw-30*}dicci{\expndtw-30*} a las propied{\expndtw-30*}des d{\expndtw-30*}elctri
cas se deb{\expndtw-30*}n consid{\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*} tamb{\expndtw-30*
}n {\expndtw-30*}a \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}rop{\expndtw-30*}edades me{\expndtw-30*}ni{\expndtw-30*}a
s y s{\expndtw-30*} capaci{\expndtw-30*}ad p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a soport
ar la {\expndtw-30*}ccin de a{\expndtw-30*}entes qumic{\expndtw-30*}s, e{\expndtw30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 calo{\expndtw-30*} y ot{\expndtw-30*}os elementos p{\expndtw-30*}esen
{\expndtw-30*}es durante su {\expndtw-30*}peracin. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Cl{\expndtw-30*}sifica{\expndtw-30*}in de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}s {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}riales aislantes. \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}a cla{\expndtw-30*}ificacin de los mat{\expndtw-30*}r{\ex
pndtw-30*}ales aisl{\expndtw-30*}ntes para mq{\expndtw-30*}inas el{\expndtw-30*}c
tricas c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} rel{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*} a s{\expnd
tw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 esta{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lidad t{\expndtw-30*}rmi{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*} cubre b{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}en
te siete clases d{\expndtw-30*} mat{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iales aisla{\expn
dtw-30*}tes {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}e usan \par}
\f10 \fs21 por lo general y qu{\expndtw-30*} son los sigui{\expndtw-30*}n{\expnd
tw-30*}es: \par}
\f10 \fs21 C{\expndtw-30*}ase Y \par}
f10 \fs21 Este {\expndtw-30*}islamiento consiste de materi{\expndtw-30*}les {\ex
pndtw-30*} comb{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ac{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}es de
mater{\expndtw-30*}ales, tales com{\expndtw-30*} \par}

\f10 \fs21 algod{\expndtw-30*}, s{\expndtw-30*}da y pap{\expndtw-30*}l sin impreg
nar. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Clase A \par}
\f10 \fs21 Co{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ste {\expndtw-30*}e mater{\expndtw-30*
}ale{\expndtw-30*} ta{\expndtw-30*}es como e{\expndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*}go{\ex
pndtw-30*}n, seda y papel con im{\expndtw-30*}regnaci{\expndtw-30*} o \par}
\f10 \fs21 rec{\expndtw-30*}brimiento o cuando se sumer{\expndtw-30*}en en d{\ex
pndtw-30*}elctricos lquidos {\expndtw-30*}ales como aceit{\expndtw-30*}. Otro \par
}
\f10 \fs21 materiales qu{\expndtw-30*} cai{\expndtw-30*}an d{\expndtw-30*}ntro {
\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} lmites {\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*} temperatura {\expndtw-30*}ueden caer den{\expndtw-30*}ro de esta
\par}
\f10 \fs21 cat{\expndtw-30*}gor{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Clase E \par}
\f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*}te aislam{\expndtw-30*}ento consiste de\fs13 {\expndtw
-30*}\fs21 m{\expndtw-30*}teriales qu{\expndtw-30*} por exper{\expndtw-30*}enci
a o por p{\expndtw-30*}uebas pu{\expndtw-30*}den operar \par}
\f10 \fs21 a t{\expndtw-30*}mpera{\expndtw-30*}uras {\expndtw-30*}asta d{\expnd
tw-30*} 15 C sobre {\expndtw-30*}a t{\expndtw-30*}mperatura d{\expndtw-30*} los
aisla{\expndtw-30*}ie{\expndtw-30*}tos cl{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e A. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Clase B \par}
\f10 \fs21 Con{\expndtw-30*}iste de mate{\expndtw-30*}iales tales como la mica,
fibra de vi{\expndtw-30*}rio, asbesto, etc., con algunas \par}
\f10 \fs21 subst{\expndtw-30*}ncias aglut{\expndtw-30*}nant{\expndtw-30*}s, pue
de hab{\expndtw-30*}r otr{\expndtw-30*}s materia{\expndtw-30*}es inor{\expndtw-3
0*}nicos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 C{\expndtw-30*}ase F \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}versidad Tecnolgic{\expndtw-30*} de P{\expndtw30*}ebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Ele{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rici{\expndtw-30*}ad y E{\expndt
w-30*}ectrnic{\expndtw-30*} Industria{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transf{\expndtw-30*}rmadores y {\expndtw-30*}oto{\expndtw-30*}es de i
nduccin \par}
f10 \fs21 Este aislamie{\expndtw-30*}to consiste de m{\expndtw-30*}teriales o co
mbinacion{\expndtw-30*}s de mater{\expndtw-30*}ales tales como mica, \par}
f10 \fs21 fibr{\expndtw-30*} de vid{\expndtw-30*}io, asbesto, etc., c{\expndtw-3
0*}n substanc{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} agluti{\expndtw-30*}ables, as com{\exp

ndtw-30*} materiale{\expndtw-30*} no \par}
\f10 \fs21 nec{\expndtw-30*}sar{\expndtw-30*}ame{\expndtw-30*}te in{\expndtw-30*
}rgnicos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}lase H \par}
f10 \fs21 Con{\expndtw-30*}iste de ma{\expndtw-30*}eriale{\expndtw-30*} ta{\expn
dtw-30*}es c{\expndtw-30*}mo {\expndtw-30*}ilic{\expndtw-30*}, elastme{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}s y combin{\expndtw-30*}ciones de m{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e
riales \par}
f10 \fs21 tales como la mic{\expndtw-30*}, la {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}bra de
vidrio, asb{\expndtw-30*}stos, etc., con substancias a{\expndtw-30*}lutinantes
como \par}
\f10 \fs21 son las {\expndtw-30*}esi{\expndtw-30*}as y silic{\expndtw-30*}nes {\
expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}opiados. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Clase C \par}
\f10 \fs21 Cons{\expndtw-30*}ste d{\expndtw-30*} ma{\expndtw-30*}eria{\expndtw-3
0*}es co{\expndtw-30*}o la mi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}, {\expndtw-30*}a porce
lan{\expndtw-30*}, vidrio, cu{\expndtw-30*}rzo c{\expndtw-30*}n o sin aglut{\exp
ndtw-30*}nantes. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Clasifi{\expndtw-30*}ac{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n de los material{
\expndtw-30*}s aisla{\expndtw-30*}tes. \par}
\f10 \fs21 clase \par}
f10 \fs21 Y\par}
f10 \fs21 A\par}
f10 \fs21 E\par}
f10 \fs21 B\par}
f10 \fs21 F\par}
f10 \fs21 H\par}
f10 \fs21 C\par}
\f10 \fs21 Temperat{\expndtw-30*}ra \par}
{\phpg\posx3022\pvpg\posy6051\absw615\absh265 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw0 \dn0 \up0 \f
10 \fs21 90\up5 \fs13 o\up0 \fs21 C \par}
f10 \fs21 105\up5 \fs13 o\up0 \fs21 C \par}
f10 \fs21 1{\expndtw-30*}0\up5 \fs13 {\expndtw-30*}\up0 \fs21 C \par}
f10 \fs21 13{\expndtw-30*}\up5 \fs13 o\up0 \fs21 C \par}
f10 \fs21 155\up5 \fs13 {\expndtw-30*}\up0 \fs21 C \par}
f10 \fs21 180\up5 \fs13 o\up0 \fs21 C \par}
\f10 \fs21 Mayor a 180\up5 \fs13 o\up0 \fs21 C \par}

p0 \f10 \fs21 Construccin de {\expndtw-30*}os devanado{\expndtw-30*}\b0 . \par}
f10 \fs21 Cualquier aislamie{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} que se use {\expndtw-3
0*}ebe s{\expndtw-30*}ti{\expndtw-30*}facer los requ{\expndtw-30*}rimientos de v
{\expndtw-30*}lt{\expndtw-30*}j{\expndtw-30*}, \par}
f10 \fs21 temperat{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}cni
cos. Especficam{\expndtw-30*}nte para los motores e{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ri
co{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} usan como \par}
\f10 \fs21 ais{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ento{\expn
dtw-30*}: \par}
\f10 \fs21 6. \par}
\f10 \fs21 7. \par}
\f10 \fs21 8. \par}
\f10 \fs21 9. \par}
\f10 \fs21 1 0. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Papeles. \par}
f10 \fs21 papeles. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}elas. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Plsticos \par}
\f10 \fs21 B{\expndtw-30*}rn{\expndtw-30*}ces \par}
\f10 \fs21 Fibras espe{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}les. \par}
\f10 \fs21 D{\expndtw-30*}ntro de este t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o de {\expnd
tw-30*}islami{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}o los que {\expndtw-30*}omnmente s{\exp
ndtw-30*} en{\expndtw-30*}uentran por su {\expndtw-30*}om{\expndtw-30*}re \par}
\f10 \fs21 co{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}cial son el "papel {\expndtw-30*}esca
do {\expndtw-30*} papel corec{\expndtw-30*}" que so{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}
tan tem{\expndtw-30*}eraturas de orden {\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 60 C y co{\expndtw-30*} un recu{\expndtw-30*}rimiento de ba{\expndtw30*}ni{\expndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*}ta de 90 C. Existe o{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}o tipo de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}el conocido \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}mente como I{\expndtw-30*}OPLEX q{\expndtw-30*}e soporta {\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}mp{\expndtw-30*}raturas asta {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}80 C \par}
\f10 \fs21 Telas. \par}
\f10 \fs21 El aislam{\expndtw-30*}ent{\expndtw-30*} conoci{\expndtw-30*}os como
tel{\expndtw-30*}s y {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e se usan ms frecuentemente en l
os mot{\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ctrico{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e tie
ne la llam{\expndtw-30*}da "{\expndtw-30*}ela cambrige" que se emplea para separ

ar grupos d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 b{\expndtw-30*}bina{\expndtw-30*} o bien c{\expndtw-30*}mbinad{\expnd
tw-30*}s con alg{\expndtw-30*} tipo de p{\expndtw-30*}pel {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}r{\expndtw-30*} aislar las ranu{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} de{\expndtw-30
*} e{\expndtw-30*}tator. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Este pape{\expndtw-30*} es de colo{\expndtw-30*} amarillo o n{\expndt
w-30*}gro y se {\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}e p{\expndtw-30*}r rollo{\expndtw-3
0*}, {\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}inta se puede obtener \par}
\f10 \fs21 tamb{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n e{\expndtw-30*} forma de cinta de
p{\expndtw-30*}lgada a 1pulgada \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}arnices. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnolg{\expndtw-30*}ca de Pu{\expndtw-30*}bl{\expn
dtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricida{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}le{\expn
dtw-30*}trnica Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transform{\expndtw-30*}do{\expndtw-30*}es y Motores de {\expndtw-30*}
nducc{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
f10 \fs21 Los barnice{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*} usan pr{\expndtw-30*}ncipalm
e{\expndtw-30*}te para impregn{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} y existen {\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}s ti{\expndtw-30*}os en el {\expndtw-30*}ercad{\expndtw-30*} \p
ar}
f10 \fs21 principalmente {\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}lama{\expndtw-30*}o b{\ex
pndtw-30*}rniz {\expndtw-30*}laro horne{\expndtw-30*}do y el barniz {\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}cad{\expndtw-30*} al aire. El pr{\expndtw-30*}mero {\expndtw-30*
}e \par}
f10 \fs21 usa p{\expndtw-30*}ra {\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}regn{\expndtw-30*}d
os que es{\expndtw-30*}arn sometidos al proce{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expnd
tw-30*}e secad{\expndtw-30*} en un {\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}o de \par}
f10 \fs21 conversin con {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mperatura {\expndtw-30*}ue v{
\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} 1{\expndtw-30*}0 a 140 C {\expndtw-30*}or per{\expnd
tw-30*}odo{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} una a dos {\expndtw-30*}or
as de \par}
\f10 \fs21 m{\expndtw-30*}nera tal que se s{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}difiq{\e
xpndtw-30*}e por eliminac{\expndtw-30*}n d{\expndtw-30*}l solve{\expndtw-30*}te.
\par}
\f10 \fs21 Barn{\expndtw-30*}z de {\expndtw-30*}ec{\expndtw-30*}do a{\expndtw-30
*} aire este se u{\expndtw-30*}iliza tambi{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ara d{\exp
ndtw-30*}r un acab{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o superficial uniforme a \par}
f10 \fs21 los devanados, {\expndtw-30*}u uso no {\expndtw-30*}e r{\expndtw-30*}c
o{\expndtw-30*}ienda en {\expndtw-30*}otores que requieren una imp{\expndtw-30*}
egnacin \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}of{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}a. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Fibras es{\expndtw-30*}eciales. \par}
f10 \fs21 Se h{\expndtw-30*} dado por {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}m{\expndtw-30*}nar as a mat{\expndtw-30*}riales {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}iva
{\expndtw-30*}os de productos {\expndtw-30*}etroqumicos, {\expndtw-30*}on \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ist{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}os nombres c{\expndtw-30
*}mercia{\expndtw-30*}es. Como por ejemplo " {\expndtw-30*}l maylard" y {\expndt
w-30*}u{\expndtw-30*} tiene como {\expndtw-30*}na de \par}
f10 \fs21 sus caracte{\expndtw-30*}sticas {\expndtw-30*}mpo{\expndtw-30*}tantes e
{\expndtw-30*} sop{\expndtw-30*}rta{\expndtw-30*} alta{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-3
0*}emper{\expndtw-30*}turas. Con {\expndtw-30*}ibr{\expndtw-30*}s esp{\expndtw-3
0*}ciales {\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 considera tambin la {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ama{\expndtw-30*}a " F
{\expndtw-30*}bra roja" emple{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*} en el acaba{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*} de las bobi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s. o bien \par}
f10 \fs21 en la elabo{\expndtw-30*}acin de cu{\expndtw-30*}as que se us{\expndtw30*}n para ce{\expndtw-30*}rar {\expndtw-30*}as ranu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
s de {\expndtw-30*}os deva{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}os. Para \par}
\f10 \fs21 el{\expndtw-30*}borar cuas, ta{\expndtw-30*}bin {\expndtw-30*}e emplea
otra p{\expndtw-30*}sta {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}noc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}a comercial{\expndtw-30*}ente como CELORN, \par}
\f10 \fs21 s{\expndtw-30*} expid{\expndtw-30*} en el {\expndtw-30*}ercado com{\e
xpndtw-30*} lmin{\expndtw-30*}s slidas. \par}
\f10 \fs23 Aislam{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}tos para cone{\expndtw-30*}iones.
\par}
f10 \fs21 Todas las conexio{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*} termin{\expndtw-30*}l
es de las b{\expndtw-30*}bina{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e deb{\expndtw-30*}n a
is{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r, para lo {\expndtw-30*}ual es \par}
\f10 \fs21 necesario {\expndtw-30*}sa{\expndtw-30*} materi{\expndtw-30*}les r{\e
xpndtw-30*}sistentes y flexibles que soporten el trato duro. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Motores e{\expndtw-30*}ctri{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s su cla{\ex
pndtw-30*}if{\expndtw-30*}cacin \par}
f10 \fs21 Para {\expndtw-30*}isti{\expndtw-30*}guir entre diver{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}s tipos disponibl{\expndtw-30*}s, la National Elctri{\expndtw-30*}al M
an{\expndtw-30*}facturer{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Ass{\expndtw-30*}ciation (NEMA) ha de{\expndtw-30*}arrollado un{\ul
}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}
}{\ul e}{\ul m}{\ul a} de {\expndtw-30*}dentificacin con letras en la cual cada \
par}
f10 \fs21 tipo de {\expndtw-30*}otor comer{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}l de in{\
expndtw-30*}uccin de jaula {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}rdilla {\expndtw-30*}e f
abrica de {\expndtw-30*}cue{\expndtw-30*}do c{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 deter{\expndtw-30*}inada norma de diseo y se {\expndtw-30*}ol{\expndt

w-30*}ca en determinada clase, ident{\expndtw-30*}f{\expndtw-30*}cada {\expndtw30*}on una let{\expndtw-30*}a. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Las {\expndtw-30*}ro{\expndtw-30*}iedades {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
} l{\expndtw-30*}{\ul }{\ul c}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul n}{\ul s}{\ul t}{\ul r}{
\ul u}{\ul c}{\ul c}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul }{\ul n} elct{\expndtw-30*}ica y{\ul
}{\ul m}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul c}{\ul }{\ul n}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul a} el rotor,
{\expndtw-30*}n la{\expndtw-30*} cinc{\expndtw-30*} clases \par}
\f10 \fs21 N{\expndtw-30*}MA de motores {\expndtw-30*}e in{\expndtw-30*}uccin d{
\expndtw-30*} ja{\expndtw-30*}la de ard{\expndtw-30*}lla, s{\expndtw-30*} resume
e{\expndtw-30*} la si{\expndtw-30*}uie{\expndtw-30*}te tabla: \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Tabla 1 caractersticas de los m{\expndtw-30*}tores comerc{\expndtw30*}ales de induccin de jaula {\expndtw-30*}e ard{\expndtw-30*}lla \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 de {\expndtw-30*}cuerdo con la clasifi{\expndtw-30*}acin en l{\exp
ndtw-30*}tras NEMA. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Clase \par}
\f10 \fs21 NEMA \par}
\f10 \fs21 Par \par}
\f10 \fs21 arra{\expndtw-30*}que \par}
\f10 \fs21 de Corri{\expndtw-30*}nte Regulacin \par}
\f10 \fs21 de \par}
\f10 \fs21 de \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}rranque Ve{\expndtw-30*}ocidad \par}
\f10 \fs21 (%) \par}
\f10 \fs21 5-{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 4.5-5 \par}
\f10 \fs21 2-4 \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.5 \par}
\f10 \fs21 N{\expndtw-30*}mb{\expndtw-30*}e de clase \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}el motor \par}
\f10 \fs21 (# de v{\expndtw-30*}ces el \par}
\f10 \fs21 no{\expndtw-30*}inal) \par}
\f10 \fs21 A\par}
\f10 \fs21 B\par}
\f10 \fs21 1.5-1.75 \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.4-1.6 \par}

\f10 \fs21 Normal \par}
\f10 \fs21 D{\expndtw-30*} prop{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ito {\expndtw-30*}en
er{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30*}rsidad Tecnolg{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*} d
e Pu{\expndtw-30*}bla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elect{\expndtw-30*}ic{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*} y Electrnic{
\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ndustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Motores de ind{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndt
w-30*}n \par}
f10 \fs21 C\par}
f10 \fs21 D\par}
f10 \fs21 F\par}
\f10 \fs21 2-2.5 \par}
\f10 \fs21 2.5-3.0 \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.2{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.5-5 \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}-8 \par}
\f10 \fs21 2-4 \par}
\f10 \fs21 4-5 \par}
f10 \fs21 5-{\expndtw-30*} , 8-{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 mayor de 5 \par}
\f10 \fs21 De do{\expndtw-30*}le ja{\expndtw-30*}la {\expndtw-30*}lto par \par}
\f10 \fs21 De alto par alta res{\expndtw-30*}stencia \par}
f10 \fs21 D{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}e ja{\expndtw-30*}la, {\
expndtw-30*}ajo par y baja \par}
\f10 \fs21 corriente d{\expndtw-30*} arranque. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Sa{\expndtw-30*}er Hac{\expndtw-30*}r en la prac{\expndtw-30*}ic{\
expndtw-30*} (7 hrs.) \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul P}{\ul r}{\ul a}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul t}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul
a}{\ul }{\ul {\expndtw-30*}} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Construcc{\expndtw-30*}n de un M{\expndtw-30*}tor experim{\expndtw-30*

}n{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
\f10 \fs21 El alumno s{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}apaz de {\expndtw-30*}on{\exp
ndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}ui{\expndtw-30*} un {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tor expe
rim{\expndtw-30*}ntal {\expndtw-30*}asndose en el fu{\expndtw-30*}cionam{\expndtw
-30*}ento \par}
f10 \fs21 b{\expndtw-30*}ico {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}n mo{\expndtw-30*}or d
e co{\expndtw-30*}rien{\expndtw-30*}e dir{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ta y de{\ex
pndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ua{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e le deber d{\expndtw-30*
}r a co{\expndtw-30*}ocer la siguiente \par}
\f10 \fs21 expl{\expndtw-30*}cac{\expndtw-30*}n breve. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}s de {\expndtw-30*}n moto
r elc{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}co \par}
\f10 \fs21 Comencemos mirando el d{\expndtw-30*}seo global d{\expndtw-30*} u{\exp
ndtw-30*} motor elc{\expndtw-30*}rico DC simple de 2 po{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*}s. U{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 motor {\expndtw-30*}imp{\expndtw-30*}e tiene 6 par{\expndtw-30*}es,
tal como {\expndtw-30*}e mu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tra en el di{\expndtw-30*
}grama de la derec{\expndtw-30*}a: \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}na armadura o rotor. \par}
\f10 \fs21 U{\expndtw-30*} conmutador. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Ce{\expndtw-30*}illos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Un ej{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Un Imn {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} campo. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Una f{\expndtw-30*}ene de pod{\expndtw-30*}r DC de algn ti{\expndtw-3
0*}o \par}
f10 \fs21 .\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univers{\expndtw-30*}dad T{\expndtw-30*}cnolg{\expndtw-30*}c{\e
xpndtw-30*} de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgin{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}8 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Ele{\expndtw-30*}tricidad {\expndtw-30*} Ele{\expndtw-30*}t{\ex
pndtw-30*}nica {\expndtw-30*}ndus{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transform{\expndtw-30*}dores y {\expndtw-30*}otores de i{\expndtw-30*
}du{\expndtw-30*}cin \par}
\f10 \fs21 Un m{\expndtw-30*}tor elctrico est {\expndtw-30*}ompuest{\expndtw-30*}
de {\expndtw-30*}ma{\expndtw-30*}es: u{\expndtw-30*} motor los u{\expndtw-30*}a
{\expndtw-30*}ar{\expndtw-30*} cr{\expndtw-30*}ar movimi{\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndt
w-30*}. Si \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}oce un imn conoce acerca de la {\expndtw-3

0*}ey {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nda{\expndtw-30*}ental d{\expndtw-30*} todos l
os imanes: {\expndtw-30*}argas \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}pu{\expndtw-30*}stas se atra{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
e i{\expndtw-30*}uales se repelen. As qu{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*} tiene do{
\expndtw-30*} imanes con sus extre{\expndtw-30*}os \par}
\f10 \fs21 como norte {\expndtw-30*} sur, entonc{\expndtw-30*}s el extremo norte
{\expndtw-30*}e atraer con el s{\expndtw-30*}r. De otro {\expndtw-30*}ado, el ex
{\expndtw-30*}remo \par}
f10 \fs21 n{\expndtw-30*}rte d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} imn repe{\expndtw-30*}
er el extremo norte del {\expndtw-30*}tro (y s{\expndtw-30*}mila{\expndtw-30*}m{\
expndtw-30*}nte el su{\expndtw-30*} repeler{\expndtw-30*} el sur). \par}
f10 \fs21 Dent{\expndtw-30*}o de u{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}otor {\expndtw-30
*}lctrico esa{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}uer{\expndtw-30*}as at{\expndtw-30*}a{\
expndtw-30*}toras y repulsoras crean movimi{\expndtw-30*}nto \par}
f10 \fs21 rota{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}na{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}niversid{\expndtw-30*}d Tec{\expndtw-30*}olgica {
\expndtw-30*}e Pu{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgin{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}9 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Ele{\expndtw-30*}tricida{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} Electr{\ex
pndtw-30*}ica In{\expndtw-30*}ustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ransfor{\expndtw-30*}ador{\expndtw-30*}s y Mo{\expndtw30*}ores de induccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs54 V Moto{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}no{\expndtw-30*
}si{\expndtw-30*}os \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Objetivo part{\expndtw-30*}cular de la unidad \par}
\f10 \fs21 Conoc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} el {\expndtw-30*}uncionami{\expndtw
-30*}nto, pruebas y {\expndtw-30*}pli{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}iones del moto
r monofsico \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Habili{\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}s por de{\expndtw-30*}arrolla{
\expndtw-30*} en la unida{\expndtw-30*} \par}
bullet }\par}
bullet }\par}
f10 \fs21 Evaluar el arranqu{\expndtw-30*} de motores monofsicos d{\expndtw-30*}
f{\expndtw-30*}se dividida y de arranque \par}
\f10 \fs21 po{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}cit{\expn
dtw-30*}r \par}
\f10 \fs21 Realizar pruebas a {\expndtw-30*}os m{\expndtw-30*}tores mo{\expndtw30*}of{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}co{\expndtw-30*} para e{\expndtw-30*}c{\expnd
tw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*}ar diferentes parmetros \par}

\f10 \fs21 de me{\expndtw-30*}ici{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Sa{\expndtw-30*}er en la Teo{\expndtw-30*}a ( 5 hrs.) \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 V.I M{\expndtw-30*}tor Monofsico \par}
f10 \fs21 Si la potencia monofsic{\expndtw-30*} estnd{\expndtw-30*}r que s{\expndt
w-30*} {\expndtw-30*}tiliza en las casa{\expndtw-30*} se va a usar {\expndtw-30*
}ara arr{\expndtw-30*}nca{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 y. oper{\expndtw-30*}r un motor {\expndtw-30*}e c-a, {\expndtw-30*}s n
ecesario hacer algo para p{\expndtw-30*}oducir {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s {\e
xpndtw-30*}ases. La potencia \par}
\f10 \fs21 bifsica crea e{\expndtw-30*} campo ma{\expndtw-30*}ntico girat{\expndtw
-30*}rio. \par}
f10 \fs21 Uno {\expndtw-30*}e los mtod{\expndtw-30*}s e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-3
0*}mplear {\expndtw-30*}n devanado {\expndtw-30*}uxiliar e{\expndtw-30*}pecial i
ntegrado dentro del \par}
f10 \fs21 estator, que se con{\expndtw-30*}ce co{\expndtw-30*} el nombre de\i d
evanado\i0 de\i arranque\i0 ( auxilia{\expndtw-30*}), para \par}
\f10 \fs21 diferencia{\expndtw-30*}lo del\i {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}va{\exp
ndtw-30*}ado de operacin\i0 \{princ{\expndtw-30*}pal) {\expndtw-30*}el es{\expnd
tw-30*}ato{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
f10 \fs21 En mo{\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}s de c-a de fase divi{\expndtw-30*}
i{\expndtw-30*}a, el devanado {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}rranqu{\expndtw-30*}
se {\expndtw-30*}tiliza slo para po{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*}
\par}
\f10 \fs21 marcha el motor, y tie{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} una res{\expndtw-3
0*}ste{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}a e{\expndtw-30*}evada y po{\expndtw-30*}a {\
expndtw-30*}eactancia {\expndtw-30*}nductiva. El {\expndtw-30*}evanado \par}
\f10 \fs21 de operacin tiene poca resistencia {\expndtw-30*} elev{\expndtw-30*}da
reactan{\expndtw-30*}ia. C{\expndtw-30*}ando se aplica inicialmen{\expndtw-30*}
e la \par}
\f10 \fs21 potencia, los dos d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}anad{\expndtw-30*}s se
{\expndtw-30*}nergizan, debido a sus di{\expndtw-30*}erentes r{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}ctancia{\expndtw-30*} inductivas, \par}
f10 \fs21 la corriente del devanado de funciona{\expndtw-30*}ie{\expndtw-30*}to
se atr{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*} con {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-3
0*}ecto a l{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}rrient{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}l \
par}
\f10 \fs21 devanado de arran{\expndtw-30*}ue, {\expndtw-30*}rendos{\expndtw-30*}
una {\expndtw-30*}ife{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ncia de {\expndtw-30*}ase entr
e las dos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Lo {\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}al s{\expndtw-30*}ra {\expndtw-30*}ue
l{\expndtw-30*} diferenc{\expndtw-30*}a de fase fuese de 90\i g{\expndtw-30*}ad
os;\i0 pe{\expndtw-30*}o usualm{\expndtw-30*}nte es m{\expndtw-30*}cho \par}
\f10 \fs21 menor. No o{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}

e, los campos genera{\expndtw-30*}os p{\expndtw-30*}r los devanados estn defasado
s entre si, \par}
\f10 \fs21 co{\expndtw-30*} lo cual se pro{\expndtw-30*}uce un ca{\expndtw-30*}
po magntico giratorio en el {\expndtw-30*}stato{\expndtw-30*}. {\expndtw-30*}sto
p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}duce un par en \par}
\f10 \fs21 el rotor, con la c{\expndtw-30*}al e{\expndtw-30*} moto{\expndtw-30*
} arranca. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}uando el motor {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}anza la vel
ocidad de ope{\expndtw-30*}acin, {\expndtw-30*}l r{\expndtw-30*}tor puede seguir
a{\expndtw-30*} campo \par}
\f10 \fs21 magn{\expndtw-30*}tico {\expndtw-30*}read{\expndtw-30*} po{\expndtw-3
0*} el devanado de opera{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n, y ya no se necesita el c
ampo del \par}
\f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*}va{\expndtw-30*}ado de arranq{\expndtw-30*}e. {\expnd
tw-30*}ste {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw
-30*} desconectado por me{\expndtw-30*}io de u{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}spos
it{\expndtw-30*}vo mecnico \par}
\f10 \fs21 denominado\i {\expndtw-30*}nte{\expndtw-30*}ru{\expndtw-30*}tor cen
trifugo,\i0 ya que funciona {\expndtw-30*} bas{\expndtw-30*} de fuerza centr{\ex
pndtw-30*}ug{\expndtw-30*} creada por \par}
\f10 \fs21 las revoluc{\expndtw-30*}ones del rotor. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universida{\expndtw-30*} Tec{\expndtw-30*}ol{\expndtw-30*}gica
de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricid{\expndtw-30*}d y {\expndtw-30*}lectrnica I{\expndtw-3
0*}dustr{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformad{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*} M{\expndtw-3
0*}tores de i{\expndtw-30*}duccin \par}
f10 \fs21 El {\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}ido de g{\expndtw-30*}ro de un campo
girat{\expndtw-30*}rio de fase di{\expndtw-30*}ida s{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30
*}ede inve{\expndtw-30*}tir, in{\expndtw-30*}ir{\expndtw-30*}ien{\expndtw-30*}o
la{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}one{\expndtw-30*}iones del devanado de {\expndtw-30*}rr{
\expndtw-30*}nque. E{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} hace variar el sen{\expndtw-30
*}id{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}l ca{\expndtw-30*}bio in{\expndtw-30*}cial {\e
xpndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 f{\expndtw-30*}se, {\expndtw-30*}reando un c{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw30*}o mag{\expndtw-30*}tico giratorio en s{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ido opues{
\expndtw-30*}o. \par}
f10 \fs21 La {\expndtw-30*}elocida{\expndtw-30*} del motor d{\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nde esencialme{\expndtw-30*}te de la frecuenci{\expndtw-30
*} de la l{\expndtw-30*}nea {\expndtw-30*}e \par}

\f10 \fs21 alimentacin d{\expndtw-30*} c-{\expndtw-30*} y de{\expndtw-30*} nmero d
e polo{\expndtw-30*} del e{\expndtw-30*}tat{\expndtw-30*}r. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Motor de f{\expndtw-30*}se {\expndtw-30*}ividida {\expndtw-30*}on
c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}acito{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 Cuando se d{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ribi e{\expndtw-30*} campo rota
torio de {\expndtw-30*}as{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}vidida , se se{\expndtw-30
*}l que la dife{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ncia de \par}
\f10 \fs21 fase {\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*}e las co{\expndtw-30*}rientes de {
\expndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*}evanados de arranque {\expndtw-30*} o{\expndtw-30*
}er{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}ra mucho menor que \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}0 {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}do{\expndtw-30*}. El par
de ar{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nque desarrollado en u{\expndtw-30*} motor que
utiliz{\expndtw-30*} un estato{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ase \
par}
f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*}vidida tampo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} alcanza e{\exp
ndtw-30*} mximo que se podra obtene{\expndtw-30*} si se tuvi{\expndtw-30*}ra un{\e
xpndtw-30*} difer{\expndtw-30*}ncia d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ase {\expndtw-30*}deal, {\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*}a
, d{\expndtw-30*} 90 grado{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se puede obtener una variac{\expndtw-30*}n de fas{\expndtw-30*} ms cerc
ana a los 90\i {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*},\i0
m{\expndtw-30*}di{\expndtw-30*}nte el sistema \par}
f10 \fs21 de arranq{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r cap{\expndtw-30
*}citor para c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ar un ca{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}iratori{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} e] est{\expndtw-30*}tor. Est
e sistema, q{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs21 es una {\expndtw-30*}od{\expndtw-30*}f{\expndtw-30*}cacin {\expndtw-30*
}el mtod{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}as{\expndtw-30*} div{\expndtw-30*}dida, u
tili{\expndtw-30*}a u{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}apacitor de poca reacta{\expnd
tw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
f10 \fs21 conect{\expndtw-30*}do e{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*}ri{\expndtw-30*}
con el devanado de arranque d{\expndtw-30*}l estator a fi{\expndtw-30*} {\expnd
tw-30*}e pr{\expndtw-30*}porc{\expndtw-30*}ona{\expndtw-30*} una \par}
f10 \fs21 variac{\expndtw-30*}n de fas{\expndtw-30*} de a{\expndtw-30*}roximadame
nte 90\i grados\i0 para la corriente d{\expndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ue, dand{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}mo result{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o un par de arran
q{\expndtw-30*}e muy s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}erior al obt{\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}ido e{\expndtw-30*} el s{\expndtw-30*}stema norma{\expndtw-30*} {\expn
dtw-30*}e fase \par}
f10 \fs21 hendida. Los moto{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s con arranq{\expndtw-30*
}e po{\expndtw-30*} capacito{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}en las {\expndtw-30*}ismas caracter{\expndtw-30*}ti{\expndtw-30*}as de \par
}
\f10 \fs21 operacin que sus equivalente{\expndtw-30*} de fase divi{\expndtw-30*}{

\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a . \par}
\f10 \fs21 El c{\expndtw-30*}pacitor y e] de{\expndtw-30*}anado de a{\expndtw-3
0*}r{\expndtw-30*}nque s{\expndtw-30*} desconectan me{\expndtw-30*}ia{\expndtw-3
0*}te un interruptor centrifugo, \par}
\f10 \fs21 com{\expndtw-30*} se hizo {\expndtw-30*}n el caso del mot{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*} n{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}al de fase {\expndtw-30*}ivid{\e
xpndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Par{\expndtw-30*} invertir el sentid{\expndtw-30*} de rotacin d{\expnd
tw-30*} u{\expndtw-30*} moto{\expndtw-30*} con arranq{\expndtw-30*}e por ca{\exp
ndtw-30*}ac{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}or, se hace lo \par}
\f10 \fs21 mis{\expndtw-30*}o que e{\expndtw-30*} el caso del motor de fase divi
dida, est{\expndtw-30*} es, se inv{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rten las conexione
s de \par}
\f10 \fs21 los c{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}es a los dev{\expndtw-30*}nados de
arranque u operacin. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 U{\expndtw-30*}iversidad Tecnolgica de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}ebl{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ec{\expndtw-30*}ricidad y Electr{\e
xpndtw-30*}nica Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Trans{\expndtw-30*}orma{\expndtw-30*}ores y Motores de inducc{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 Motor de inducci{\expndtw-30*}n de fase dividida con ca{\expndtw-30*}
acitor \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Sabe{\expndtw-30*} H{\expndtw-30*}cer en l{\expndtw-30*} practi{\e
xpndtw-30*}a (9 hrs.) \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Pr{\expndtw-30*}tica 1 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Motor de fase Di{\expndtw-30*}idid{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 El alumno deber de conocer la estru{\expndtw-30*}tura y la forma{\expnd
tw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} u{\expndtw-30*} campo magnti
co \par}
\f10 \fs21 giratorio {\expndtw-30*}e u{\expndtw-30*} moto{\expndtw-30*} de fase
dividida, a{\expndtw-30*} como tam{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n medir las ca{\ex
pndtw-30*}ac{\expndtw-30*}ersticas de \par}
\f10 \fs21 opera{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n norm{\expndtw-30*}l , {\expndtw30*}e arranque y de {\expndtw-30*}orsin de dicho el{\expndtw-30*}mento \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}rctica 2 \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 El Motor de fa{\expndtw-30*}e di{\expndtw-30*}idida con Arra{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}or Ca{\expndtw

-30*}acitor \par}
\f10 \fs21 El alumno d{\expndtw-30*}ber de medir las c{\expndtw-30*}racters{\expnd
tw-30*}icas de arranque y funcionamient{\expndtw-30*} de un m{\expndtw-30*}t{\ex
pndtw-30*}r \par}
\f10 \fs21 de fas{\expndtw-30*} dividida {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n arranque
por ca{\expndtw-30*}acitor {\expndtw-30*} r{\expndtw-30*}alizar {\expndtw-30*}om
par{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ones con l{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 carac{\expndtw-30*}ersticas d{\expndtw-30*} un mot{\expndtw-30*}r d{\
expndtw-30*}\fs23 fas{\expndtw-30*} divid{\expndtw-30*}da, \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 Ejercicio Prct{\expndtw-30*}co \par}
\f10 \fs23 E{\expndtw-30*} alumno deber de d{\expndtw-30*}sear e imp{\expndtw-30*}
ementar un circuit{\expndtw-30*} de control y de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}enc{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs23 reversible par{\expndtw-30*} u{\expndtw-30*} motor de fase d{\expndtw
-30*}vi{\expndtw-30*}ida, cumpliend{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}on {\expndtw-30*
}a{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*}guientes \par}
\f10 \fs23 especifi{\expndtw-30*}aciones. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 El{\expndtw-30*}ctri{\expndtw-30*}idad y Electrnica {\expndtw-30
*}ndustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tores {\expndtw-30*}e i
nduccin \par}
f10 \fs23 a).- Circuito d{\expndtw-30*} control de arranque y paro p{\expndtw-30
*}r botoneras para ambos sen{\expndtw-30*}idos de \par}
f10 \fs23 dir{\expndtw-30*}ccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 b).- Utilizar d{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sitivos ele
ct{\expndtw-30*}omagnticos c{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*} contactores para el cir
cu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de potenc{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
f10 \fs21 c).-Utili{\expndtw-30*}ar lmparas de {\expndtw-30*}eal{\expndtw-30*}zacin
para {\expndtw-30*}ndi{\expndtw-30*}ar {\expndtw-30*}l estado de func{\expndtw30*}ona{\expndtw-30*}iento {\expndtw-30*}n \par}
f10 \fs21 que s{\expndtw-30*} encue{\expndtw-30*}tra el motor , as como tambin uti
li{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r dispositivos de prot{\expndtw-30*}ccin para \par}
\f10 \fs21 protegerlo {\expndtw-30*}ontra sobrecarg{\expndtw-30*} y cortocircuit
o. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Unive{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*} T{\expndtw30*}cnolgica de Puebla \par}

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 E{\expndtw-30*}ectri{\expndtw-30*}idad y E{\expndtw-30*}ectrnica
Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformad{\expndtw-30*}res y {\expndtw-30*}otores de i
nducc{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
p0 \f10 \fs54 VI M{\expndtw-30*}TORES TRI{\expndtw-30*}SICO{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Objetivo particular de la uni{\expndtw-30*}ad \par}
\f10 \fs21 Conocer el f{\expndtw-30*}nc{\expndtw-30*}ona{\expndtw-30*}iento, {\e
xpndtw-30*}rueb{\expndtw-30*}s y aplicaciones del motor tri{\expndtw-30*}s{\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Habilidades {\expndtw-30*}or {\expndtw-30*}esarrol{\expndtw-30*}ar
en la u{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dad \par}
bullet }\par}
\f10 \fs21 C{\expndtw-30*}nocer las c{\expndtw-30*}ractersticas de funcionamiento
d{\expndtw-30*} un motor trif{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}co de \par}
\f10 \fs21 induccin, determi{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}o corrientes de arranque
, par de arranque, y {\expndtw-30*}ficie{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}a de \par}
\f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}aba{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
bullet }\par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}onocer y r{\expndtw-30*}alizar pruebas {\expndtw-30*}e
motores p{\expndtw-30*}ra obtener parmetros q{\expndtw-30*}e nos \par}
\f10 \fs21 indiquen el e{\expndtw-30*}ta{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*} c{\expndt
w-30*}ndici{\expndtw-30*}nes del motor \par}
\f10 \fs21 l. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Saber en {\expndtw-30*}a T{\expndtw-30*}ora ( 4 hrs.) \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Vl .1 P{\expndtw-30*}TENCIA Y RENDIM{\expndtw-30*}ENT{\expndtw-30*
} DE LOS MOTORES TR{\expndtw-30*}FSI{\expndtw-30*}OS DE \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 INDUCCIN \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ara {\expndtw-30*}stu{\expndtw-30*}iar los p{\expndtw-30
*}obl{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}as rela{\expndtw-30*}ion{\expndtw-30*}dos con e
l {\expndtw-30*}rra{\expndtw-30*}que, {\expndtw-30*}cel{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw30*}cin, operac{\expndtw-30*}n y \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}fici{\expndtw-30*}ncia de los motor{\expndtw-30*}s de in
ducci{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}, tanto de rotor deva{\expndtw-30*}ado, co{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}el tipo {\expndtw-30*}au{\expndtw-30*}a {\
expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs21 ardill{\expndtw-30*}, se {\expndtw-30*}ebe{\expndtw-30*} conoce{\expnd

tw-30*} algu{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} tr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nos y enc
ontra{\expndtw-30*} los {\expndtw-30*}edio{\expndtw-30*} pa{\expndtw-30*}a deter
minar sus \par}
f10 \fs21 val{\expndtw-30*}res, com{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*
} ca{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de las {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ebas para l
a d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}aci{\e
xpndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} parmetros y que son \par}
\f10 \fs21 princi{\expndtw-30*}almente {\expndtw-30*}as si{\expndtw-30*}uientes:
\par}
\f10 \fs21 .\par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 {\ul L}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul p}{\ul r}{\ul u}{\ul e}{\ul b}{\ul a}{\
ul }{\ul d}{\ul e}{\ul }{\ul v}{\ul a}{\ul c}{\ul }{\ul o} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Sirve para {\expndtw-30*}ete{\expndtw-30*}minar las p{\expndtw-30*}rd
idas mec{\expndtw-30*}nicas y {\expndtw-30*}ag{\expndtw-30*}ticas, esto es anlo{\e
xpndtw-30*}o a la prueba \par}
\f10 \fs21 de vac{\expndtw-30*} del tr{\expndtw-30*}ns{\expndtw-30*}ormador. \pa
r}
\f10 \fs21 {\ul L}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul p}{\ul r}{\ul u}{\ul e}{\ul b}{\ul {\expnd
tw-30*}}{\ul }{\ul d}{\ul e}{\ul }{\ul r}{\ul o}{\ul t}{\ul o}{\ul {\expndtw-3
0*}}{\ul }{\ul b}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul o}{\ul q}{\ul u}{\ul e}{\ul a}{\ul d}
{\ul o}{\ul }{\ul o}{\ul }{\ul d}{\ul e}{\ul }{\ul c}{\ul o}{\ul {\expndtw-30
*}}{\ul t}{\ul o}{\ul c}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul r}{\ul c}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\
ul i}{\ul t}{\ul o} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Que permite cal{\expndtw-30*}ular el va{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}
de la {\expndtw-30*}esistencia tota{\expndtw-30*} efecti{\expndtw-30*}a, l{\expn
dtw-30*} r{\expndtw-30*}siste{\expndtw-30*}cia del rotor, l{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}rdi{\expndtw-30*}as en los {\expndtw-30*}evanad{\expn
dtw-30*}s. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\ul L}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul r}{\ul u}{\ul e}{\ul b
}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul d}{\ul e}{\ul }{\ul r}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul s}{\ul i}{\u
l s}{\ul t}{\ul e}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul c}{\ul i}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul e}{\ul n}
{\ul }{\ul e}{\ul l}{\ul }{\ul e}{\ul s}{\ul t}{\ul a}{\ul t}{\ul o}{\ul r}{\u
l "} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Sirve {\expndtw-30*}ara obt{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}r e{\expndtw30*} valor de la resistencia del estat{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*
}n forma independie{\expndtw-30*}te de la del \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}otor. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\ul P}{\ul r}{\ul u}{\ul e}{\ul b}{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul d}{\ul e}{\ul
}{\ul c}{\ul a}{\ul r}{\ul g}{\ul a} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}niv{\expndtw-30*}rsidad Tecn{\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}gi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y El{\expndtw-30*}ctrni{\expndtw-30*}a Industrial \
par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Motores de induccin \par}
f10 \fs21 Sirve para determ{\expndtw-30*}nar {\expndtw-30*}a poten{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}, a
corrie{\expndtw-30*}te y el {\expndtw-30*}ac{\expndtw-30*}or de pot{\expndtw-30*
}n{\expndtw-30*}ia. Esta \par}
f10 \fs21 prueba {\expndtw-30*}s de las ms t{\expndtw-30*}les, ya q{\expndtw-30*}e
pe{\expndtw-30*}mi{\expndtw-30*}e obtener el v{\expndtw-30*}lo{\expndtw-30*} de
distinto{\expndtw-30*} pa{\expndtw-30*}me{\expndtw-30*}ros en \par}
\f10 \fs21 forma individua{\expndtw-30*}, {\expndtw-30*}e acuerdo {\expndtw-30*}
relaciones ti{\expndtw-30*}es p{\expndtw-30*}ra los motores. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 VI.2 {\expndtw-30*}aractersticas de lo{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}
otor{\expndtw-30*}s de {\expndtw-30*}nduccin \par}
f10 \fs21 Para est{\expndtw-30*}blecer las {\expndtw-30*}aractersticas de l{\expn
dtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}otores de induccin, {\expndtw-30*}e tie{\expndtw-30*}e co
nsiderar \par}
f10 \fs21 bsicamen{\expndtw-30*}e tres condiciones: El motor {\expndtw-30*}rabaja
nd{\expndtw-30*} en vaco, el {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tor {\expndtw-30*}perand
o co{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}rga \par}
\f10 \fs21 y la{\expndtw-30*} llamadas caract{\expndtw-30*}rsticas a rotor {\expn
dtw-30*}loqueado d{\expndtw-30*}l mo{\expndtw-30*}or. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\ul E}{\ul l}{\ul }{\ul m}{\ul o}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw
-30*}}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul t}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul b}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}
}{\ul j}{\ul a}{\ul n}{\ul d}{\ul o}{\ul }{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul n}{\ul }{\u
l v}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul c}{\ul }{\ul o} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Cuand{\expndtw-30*} el motor se arranca {\expndtw-30*} opera en vaco,
la corriente d{\expndtw-30*}l e{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}to{\expndtw-30*} e{\
expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} orden de 0.3 {\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}.5 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la corrie{\expndtw-30*}
te a plena car{\expndtw-30*}a. La c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}riente {\expndtw30*}e va{\expndtw-30*}o es {\expndtw-30*}rin{\expndtw-30*}ipalmente magnetizante
y{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ue s{\expndtw-30*}rve para {\expndtw-30*}rear e{\expndtw
-30*} {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o girator{\expndtw-30*}o; t{\ex
pndtw-30*}ene ta{\expndtw-30*}bin u{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}que{\expndtw-30*} com{\expndtw-30*}onente activa que \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}lim{\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*} : a l{\expndtw-30*}s
ll{\expndtw-30*}mad{\expndtw-30*}s prdidas por fr{\expndtw-30*}ccin y v{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}tilacin en el rotor mas las p{\expndtw-30*}rdidas e{\expndtw-30*
} \par}
\f10 \fs21 el hierro d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} esta{\expndtw-30*}or. , \par}
f10 \fs21 Para crear el c{\expndtw-30*}mpo gi{\expndtw-30*}atori{\expndtw-30*} s
e requiere de una canti{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} conside{\expndtw-30*}able d

e potencia \par}
f10 \fs21 re{\expndtw-30*}ctiva, p{\expndtw-30*}r lo que el factor de p{\expndtw
-30*}tencia {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} vaco es bajo, cayen{\expndtw-30*}o en el
rango {\expndtw-30*}e 0.2 \par}
f10 \fs21 para mquinas pequeas, a 0.0{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ara mquinas grand
es. L{\expndtw-30*} eficiencia en estas \par}
\f10 \fs21 condicione{\expndtw-30*} es ce{\expndtw-30*}o, en virtud de q{\expndt
w-30*}e la pote{\expndtw-30*}cia de salid{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} cero. \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 {\ul M}{\ul o}{\ul t}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul o}{\ul p}
{\ul e}{\ul r}{\ul a}{\ul n}{\ul d}{\ul o}{\ul }{\ul c}{\ul o}{\ul n}{\ul }{\u
l c}{\ul a}{\ul r}{\ul g}{\ul a} \par}
f10 \fs21 Ta{\expndtw-30*}to la corriente de excitac{\expndtw-30*}n, como la p{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}enci{\expndtw-30*} r{\expndtw-30*}activa c{\expndtw-30*
}ando el motor o{\expndtw-30*}er{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}on \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} son pr{\expndtw-30*}t{\ex
pndtw-30*}camente las mismas que c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ndo el moto{\expnd
tw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}era s{\expndtw-30*}n carga. {\expndtw-30*}in
embargo, l{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ot{\expndtw-30*}ncia activa que de{\expndtw-30*}anda el
motor d{\expndtw-30*} la fuen{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de alimentacin aumenta
en \par}
f10 \fs21 propor{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n a la potenci{\expndtw-30*} mecnica
que le demanda la carga, por {\expndtw-30*}o q{\expndtw-30*}e el fac{\expndtw-3
0*}or de \par}
f10 \fs21 potencia {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} mot{\expndtw-30*}r me{\expndtw30*}ora {\expndtw-30*} medida que aumenta la carga o p{\expndtw-30*}tencia {\exp
ndtw-30*}ecnica. El valo{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}el fac{\expndtw-30*}or de {\expndtw-30*}otencia con {\e
xpndtw-30*}ar{\expndtw-30*}a vara de 0.7 {\expndtw-30*}ara m{\expndtw-30*}uina{\ex
pndtw-30*} pequea{\expndtw-30*} a 0.9 para motores \par}
f10 \fs21 grandes. La e{\expndtw-30*}iciencia es {\expndtw-30*}elativam{\expndtw
-30*}nte {\expndtw-30*}lta, y{\expndtw-30*} que llega a se{\expndtw-30*} hasta d
{\expndtw-30*}l 98% para \par}
\f10 \fs21 mo{\expndtw-30*}ore{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}rand{\expndtw-30*}s.
\par}
\f10 \fs21 {\ul C}{\ul a}{\ul r}{\ul a}{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul e}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul s}
{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul i}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul s}{\ul }{\ul d}{\ul
e}{\ul l}{\ul }{\ul m}{\ul o}{\ul t}{\ul o}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul a}{\ul }{\ul r}{
\ul o}{\ul t}{\ul o}{\ul r}{\ul }{\ul b}{\ul l}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expnd
tw-30*}}{\ul u}{\ul e}{\ul a}{\ul d}{\ul o} \par}
\f10 \fs21 La cor{\expndtw-30*}iente a rotor bloqueado e{\expndtw-30*} del or{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} 6 veces
la c{\expndtw-30*}rriente a plena carga, lo \par}
\f10 \fs21 cual hace las prdidas por efe{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}ule ( I\up5 \fs13 2\up0 \fs21 R ) d{\expndtw-30*} 25 a 36 vec{
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} mayores {\expndtw-30*}e l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30
*}ormal, po{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 l{\expndtw-30*} que el roto{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*} debe per{\expndtw-30*}anecer {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}quead{\expndtw-30*}
por {\expndtw-30*}s de unos {\expndtw-30*}uantos s{\expndtw-30*}gundos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Estando bloqueado el r{\expndtw-30*}tor, la pot{\expndtw-30*}ncia mec{
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*} es cero y el {\expndtw-30*}otor desar
rolla un par \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}vad{\expndtw-30*}: El fa{\expndtw-30*}to
r de potencia es b{\expndtw-30*}jo, debido a que se {\expndtw-30*}equ{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}re d{\expndtw-30*} un valor \par}
\f10 \fs21 con{\expndtw-30*}iderable{\expndtw-30*}ente de poten{\expndtw-30*}ia
rea{\expndtw-30*}tiva para pr{\expndtw-30*}ducir el fl{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*}o disperso en los devanados \par}
\f10 \fs21 del rotor y el estator. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Prdi{\expndtw-30*}as y {\expndtw-30*}iagr{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw30*} de f{\expndtw-30*}ujo de po{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}ia \par}
\f10 \fs21 Un motor de {\expndtw-30*}ndu{\expndtw-30*}cin se {\expndtw-30*}uede d
escribir {\expndtw-30*}omo un tra{\expndtw-30*}sformador {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}ratorio \par}
\f10 \fs21 trif{\expndtw-30*}sico, e{\expndtw-30*} el cual s{\expndtw-30*}s bobi
n{\expndtw-30*}dos secu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}arios est{\expndtw-30*}n cort
ocircuitados por lo que \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30*}rsidad Tecn{\expndtw-30*}lg{\expndtw-30*}ca {
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 El{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ricidad {\expndtw-30*} Elec{\exp
ndtw-30*}rnica Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformad{\expndtw-30*}res y Moto{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}e i
nd{\expndtw-30*}ccin \par}
f10 \fs21 la po{\expndtw-30*}encia d{\expndtw-30*} salida no es elctrica como en
un transformador c{\expndtw-30*}mn, si{\expndtw-30*}o que {\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 me{\expndtw-30*}nic{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la sig{\expndtw-30*}iente figura se ilust
ra la rela{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n d{\expndtw-30*} la potencia de entrada (e
l{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ca) con la \par}
\f10 \fs21 pote{\expndtw-30*}cia de sal{\expndtw-30*}da (mecn{\expndtw-30*}ca). \
par}
\f10 \fs21 Diagrama de Po{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nc{\expndtw-30*}a \par}

\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}onde: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pent: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pscl: \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cle{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Prcl: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pf&w: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pmisc: \par}
\f10 \fs21 P{\expndtw-30*}al: \par}
\f10 \fs21 P{\expndtw-30*}G: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pc{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Es la po{\expndtw-30*}encia de {\expndtw-30*}ntrad{\expndtw-30*} la c
ua{\expndtw-30*} se da en f{\expndtw-30*}rma de corriente y volta{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*} tri{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sico. \par}
\f10 \fs21 S{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} las P{\expndtw-30*}rdidas I{\expndtw-30
*}xR en l{\expndtw-30*}s b{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ados del es
tator. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Son las Pr{\expndtw-30*}ida{\expndtw-30*} por histresis y por corri{\ex
pndtw-30*}nte{\expndtw-30*} par{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}itas en el estator. \
par}
\f10 \fs21 Son las Prd{\expndtw-30*}das IxR en los {\expndtw-30*}obinados del r{\e
xpndtw-30*}to{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}as {\expndtw-30*}rdidas {\
expndtw-30*}or rozami{\expndtw-30*}nto y fr{\expndtw-30*}cc{\expndtw-30*}n a {\ex
pndtw-30*}ausa de{\expndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}vi{\expndtw-30*}ien{\expndtw-30*}
o de{\expndtw-30*} ro{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r. \par}
\f10 \fs21 So{\expndtw-30*} las {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}didas diversas. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Es la potencia de sa{\expndtw-30*}ida del motor, la {\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} es mecnica. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Es la pot{\expndtw-30*}ncia q{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}e t{\expnd
tw-30*}asla{\expndtw-30*}a d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} estator {\expndtw-30*}l
rotor por medio del e{\expndtw-30*}trehierro. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Es el {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}to de tran{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}orm{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}in de la potencia elctrica en mecn{\expndtw-30*}
ca. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Pot{\expndtw-30*}ncia y {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}ento de tors
in {\expndtw-30*}n l{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}otores de i{\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}uc{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Del circu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} equivalente p{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} fase de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} motor de induccin s

e tiene: \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30*}rs{\expndtw-30*}dad Tecnolgica de Puebla \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}lectri{\expndtw-30*}idad {\expndtw-30*} Electrnica
I{\expndtw-30*}dustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformad{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}s y Motores de inducci{\expndt
w-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Prdida{\expndtw-30*} del {\expndtw-30*}obre de{\expndtw-30*} est{\expn
dtw-30*}tor: \par}
\f10 \fs23 P\dn4 \fs15 Cu_e{\expndtw-30*}t\dn0 \fs23 = 3 x I\dn4 \fs15 1\dn0 \f
s23 {\expndtw-30*} x R\dn4 \fs15 1 \par}
\f10 \fs21 Prdidas {\expndtw-30*}el ncleo en {\expndtw-30*}l estator: \par}
\f10 \fs23 P\dn4 \fs15 ncleo\dn0 \fs23 = 3 x E\dn4 \fs15 1\dn0 \fs23 {\expndtw30*} x G\dn4 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}\dn0 \fs23 = 3 x (E\dn4 \fs15 1\dn0 \fs23 / R
\dn4 \fs15 c\dn0 \fs23 ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 La potencia del entrehierro se p{\expndtw-30*}ed{\expndtw-30*} cal{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lar po{\expndtw-30*} me{\expndtw-30*}io de: \par}
\f10 \fs23 P\dn4 \fs15 en{\expndtw-30*}rehierro\dn0 \fs23 = P\dn4 \fs15 ent\dn0
\fs23 - P\dn4 \fs15 Cu_est\dn0 \fs23 - P\dn4 \fs15 ncle{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Por lo t{\expndtw-30*}nto la poten{\expndtw-30*}ia {\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}l e{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}ehie{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*} se p
uede en{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}trar p{\expndtw-30*}r: \par}
\f10 \fs23 P\dn4 \fs15 entr{\expndtw-30*}hi{\expndtw-30*}rro\dn0 \fs23 = 3 x I\d
n4 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}\dn0 \fs23 x (R\dn4 \fs15 2\dn0 \fs23 /s) \par}
\f10 \fs21 donde \par}
\f10 \fs21 R\dn4 \fs13 2\dn0 \fs21 = resis{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}cia to{\e
xpndtw-30*}al del rotor, referi{\expndtw-30*}a al esta{\expndtw-30*}or \par}
\f10 \fs21 I\dn4 \fs13 2\dn0 \fs21 = Corri{\expndtw-30*}nte del rotor, referida
al est{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}r \par}
\f10 \fs21 s = deslizamiento \par}
\f10 \fs21 Ahora, las p{\expndtw-30*}di{\expndtw-30*}as resist{\expndtw-30*}vas d
el r{\expndtw-30*}tor s{\expndtw-30*} obtien{\expndtw-30*}n apli{\expndtw-30*}a{
\expndtw-30*}do {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} ecuacin: \par}
f10 \fs23 P\dn4 \fs15 rot{\expndtw-30*}r\dn0 \fs23 = 3 x I\dn4 \fs15 2\dn0 \up10
2\up0 \fs23 x R\dn4 \fs15 2 \par}
\f10 \fs21 La poten{\expndtw-30*}ia resta{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} q{\expndt
w-30*}e cambia de elctrica a mec{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}a es: \par}

\f10 \fs23 P\dn4 \fs15 m{\expndtw-30*}cn{\expndtw-30*}ca\dn0 \fs23 = P\dn4 \fs15
en{\expndtw-30*}rehierro\dn0 \fs23 - P\dn4 \fs15 rot{\expndtw-30*}r \par}
\f10 \fs21 P\dn4 \fs13 mecnica\dn0 \fs21 = 3 x I\dn4 \fs13 2\dn0 \fs21 x R\dn4 \
fs13 2\dn0 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*} (1/s -{\expndtw-30*} ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Por lo {\expndtw-30*}an{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}e p{\expndtw-30*
}e{\expndtw-30*}e d{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}) Q{\expndtw-30*}e mie{\expndtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}s m
{\expndtw-30*}s b{\expndtw-30*}jo sea el deslizamiento del motor, la corr{\expnd
tw-30*}ent{\expndtw-30*} rotrica disminu{\expndtw-30*}e y \par}
\f10 \fs21 las pr{\expndtw-30*}idas del {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tor {\expndt
w-30*}e la mquin{\expndtw-30*} so{\expndtw-30*} menores. \par}
\f10 \fs21 b) S{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} rotor n{\expndtw-30*} est gir{\expn
dtw-30*}ndo el d{\expndtw-30*}slizamiento es ig{\expndtw-30*}al a 1, y la potenc
ia del {\expndtw-30*}ntrehierro se \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}isipa comple{\expndtw-30*}amente en el cobre del ro{\e
xpndtw-30*}or. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Momento in{\expndtw-30*}ucido \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se defi{\expndtw-30*}e com{\expndtw-30*} el momento gener{\expndtw-30
*}d{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}a con{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-3
0*}sin de poten{\expndtw-30*}ia elctrica en potencia \par}
\f10 \fs21 me{\expndtw-30*}ni{\expndtw-30*}a interna, por l{\expndtw-30*} que se
pu{\expndtw-30*}de obt{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r mediante la e
cuacin: \par}
\f10 \fs23 Tind = P\dn4 \fs15 mec{\expndtw-30*}nica\dn0 \fs23 / W\dn4 \fs15 ro
tor \par}
\f10 \fs21 Tambin se p{\expndtw-30*}ede obte{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r ex{\exp
ndtw-30*}resando la ve{\expndtw-30*}oc{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*} r{\expndtw30*}al en {\expndtw-30*}rminos de la vel{\expndtw-30*}cidad \par}
\f10 \fs21 sincrnica, {\expndtw-30*}a cu{\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}s c{\expnd
tw-30*}nstante. \par}
\f10 \fs23 Tind = {\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 entreh{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}r
o\dn0 \fs23 / W\dn4 \fs15 sin{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nic{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universid{\expndtw-30*}d Tecnolgic{\expndtw-30*} de Puebla \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electri{\expndtw-30*}id{\expndtw-30*}d y Electrnica {\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}dustria{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transfor{\expndtw-30*}ador{\expndtw-30*}s y Motore{\expndtw-30*} de i
up0 \f10 \fs23 Saber {\expndtw-30*}acer en l{\expndtw-30*} practi{\expndtw-30*}a
(21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s.) \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iversidad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}gica
de P{\expndtw-30*}eb{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgi{\expndtw-30*}a 6{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electri{\expndtw-30*}idad y El{\expndtw-30*}ct{\expndtw-30*}n{\e
xpndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*} Industri{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}forma{\expndtw-30*}ores y Motores de i
{\expndtw-30*}ducci{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Re{\expndtw-30*}liz{\expndtw-30*}r practicas de a{\expndtw-30*}ranque
s {\expndtw-30*}e m{\expndtw-30*}tores utilizando elementos di{\expndtw-30*}ctico
s y eleme{\expndtw-30*}tos \par}
\f10 \fs21 reales que se util{\expndtw-30*}za{\expndtw-30*} en la i{\expndtw-30*
}dustria \par}
p0 \f10 \fs35 \cf216 Arranque Dir{\expndtw-30*}cto \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 a).- Dete{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}nar expe{\expndtw-30*}iment
almente la c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rie{\expndtw-30*}te de {\expndtw-30*}rra
nque a plena \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 carga {\expndtw-30*}el motor \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 b).- {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ar
el par nom{\expndtw-30*}nal a plena carga del m{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}r y
confrmalo \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 experimentalmen{\expndtw-30*}e con equipo de {\expndtw-30*}edicin
\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnolg{\expndtw-30*}ca {\expndtw-30*}e Pu{\expndtw
-30*}bla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgi{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}9 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electric{\expndtw-30*}dad y {\expndtw-30*}lec{\expndtw-30*}rnica
Ind{\expndtw-30*}str{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transf{\expndtw-30*}rmad{\expndtw-30*}res y {\expndtw-30*}otores de i
nduccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs54 VII \par}
up0 \f10 \fs54 SELEC{\expndtw-30*}I{\expndtw-30*} DE MOTORES DE \par}
up0 \f10 \fs54 CA Y \par}

up0 \f10 \fs54 TRANS{\expndtw-30*}ORMAD{\expndtw-30*}RES \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}bjetivo {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}i
{\expndtw-30*}ular de la unidad \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}cionar motores y tran{\expndtw-30*}for
m{\expndtw-30*}dores {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}cue{\expndtw-30*}do a las con
{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}iones de operacin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Habilidades po{\expndtw-30*} desarro{\expndtw-30*}lar en {\expndtw
-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}nidad \par}
\f10 \fs21 l. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 V{\expndtw-30*}I .1 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 C{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}I{\expndtw-30*}I{\expnd
tw-30*}ACIN {\expndtw-30*}E LOS MOTORES DE INDUCCIN \par}
f10 \fs21 Existe {\expndtw-30*}n el mercad{\expndtw-30*} una gran variedad de m{
\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}res elctricos: Si{\expndtw-30*}cr{\expndtw-30*}icos, d
e corriente \par}
f10 \fs21 continua, alterna, de inducci{\expndtw-30*}n, etc. Los que as mismo son
usados para l{\expndtw-30*}s ms variados \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nes. \par}
\f10 \fs21 En las mquina{\expndtw-30*} de indu{\expndtw-30*}cin es posible produci
r una gran varied{\expndtw-30*}d d{\expndtw-30*} curva{\expndtw-30*} de torsi{\ex
pndtw-30*} - \par}
\f10 \fs21 velocida{\expndtw-30*}, var{\expndtw-30*}ando l{\expndtw-30*}s caract
e{\expndtw-30*}st{\expndtw-30*}cas d{\expndtw-30*}l roto{\expndtw-30*}, lo qu{\ex
pndtw-30*} re{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lta de gran ayuda a la industri{\expndt
w-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 a la {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ra {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} escog
e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}os moto{\expndtw-30*}es m{\expndtw-30*}s aprop{\ex
pndtw-30*}ados para la gra{\expndtw-30*} v{\expndtw-30*}riedad de aplicaciones.
\par}
f10 \fs21 NEMA en Estados Unidos y {\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}nternational El
ect{\expndtw-30*}otechnical Commissi{\expndtw-30*}n ({\expndtw-30*}EC) tien{\exp
ndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 definidos, en {\expndtw-30*}oda {\expndtw-30*}a ga{\expndtw-30*}a de
c{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}llos de fuerza, {\expndtw-30*}na serie de dise{\ex
pndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*}orm{\expndtw-30*}li{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}os co
n \par}
\f10 \fs21 difere{\expndtw-30*}tes curva{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e momento
de tor{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n - velocidad. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}stos diseos norm{\expndtw-30*}li{\expndtw-30*}ados se co
noc{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}o\i clases de dise{\expndtw-30*}
\i0 {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} un solo motor se le \par}
\f10 \fs21 pue{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mi{\exp
ndtw-30*}ar como "\i motor de di{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o de {\expndtw-30*}{\

expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}la{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} X\i0 ". E{\expndtw-30*
} la siguiente figu{\expndtw-30*}a pu{\expndtw-30*}den \par}
\f10 \fs21 vers{\expndtw-30*} una serie de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rvas de m
omento {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sin - velocidad
tpicas para l{\expndtw-30*}s cuatro \par}
\f10 \fs21 clases de diseos no{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}al{\expndtw-30*}zado{\
expndtw-30*} de NEMA. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Los rasgo{\expndtw-30*} cara{\expndtw-30*}ter{\expndtw-30*}ticos de {\
expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}lase de diseo nor{\expndtw-30*}ali{\ex
pndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}o se esb{\expndtw-30*}zan a \par}
\f10 \fs21 co{\expndtw-30*}tin{\expndtw-30*}acin: \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universida{\expndtw-30*} Te{\expndtw-30*}nolgica de {\expndtw-3
0*}ueb{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}lectricidad y {\expndtw-30*}lectr{\expndtw-30*}ni
ca Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ransformadores y M{\expndtw-30*}tore{\expndtw-30*} de i
0 \f10 \fs21 DISEO CLASE "{\expndtw-30*}":\b0 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s moto
res d{\expndtw-30*} diseo clase A {\expndtw-30*}on l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
motores d{\expndtw-30*} diseos \par}
f10 \fs21 n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}males, con un momento de arranq{\expndtw30*}e n{\expndtw-30*}rma{\expndtw-30*} y bajo deslizamiento. El deslizamiento de
\par}
\f10 \fs21 ple{\expndtw-30*}a carga de los m{\expndtw-30*}tores de dise{\expndtw
-30*}o A d{\expndtw-30*}be ser meno{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}l 5% y menor {\
expndtw-30*}ambin que e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s motor{\expndtw-30*}s de diseo B de co{\e
xpndtw-30*}diciones equival{\expndtw-30*}ntes. El {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}me
nto {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}orsin mximo es{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 e{\expndtw-30*}tre 200 y 300% {\expndtw-30*}el mome{\expndtw-30*}to {\
expndtw-30*}e torsi{\expndtw-30*} a plena carga y sucede a bajo de{\expndtw-30*}l
iz{\expndtw-30*}mie{\expndtw-30*}to \par}
f10 \fs21 ({\expndtw-30*}eno{\expndtw-30*} del {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}%). {
\expndtw-30*}l mome{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}e torsi{\expndtw30*}n de arra{\expndtw-30*}que de est{\expndtw-30*} dise{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*} es por lo men{\expndtw-30*}s e{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 m{\expndtw-30*}mento de {\expndtw-30*}orsin nomin{\expndtw-30*}l, par{\
expndtw-30*} los mo{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*} g
rand{\expndtw-30*}s, y de 200% o ms del \par}
f10 \fs21 momento de torsin nominal, p{\expndtw-30*}ra los motore{\expndtw-30*} ms

pequ{\expndtw-30*}os. El pr{\expndtw-30*}blema pri{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}p
al con \par}
f10 \fs21 es{\expndtw-30*}a clase {\expndtw-30*}e dise{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*} {\expndtw-30*}s su extre{\expndtw-30*}ada{\expndtw-30*}ente alt{\expndtw-30*}
valor {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la co{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ie{\expndtw
-30*}te du{\expndtw-30*}an{\expndtw-30*}e e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}r{\expnd
tw-30*}anque. \par}
f10 \fs21 Los flujos {\expndtw-30*}e corriente en el arra{\expndtw-30*}q{\expndt
w-30*}e e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n, gen{\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}men{\exp
ndtw-30*}e, entre 500% y 800% d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}a \par}
f10 \fs21 cor{\expndtw-30*}iente nomi{\expndtw-30*}al. {\expndtw-30*}on estos mo
t{\expndtw-30*}res, en tamaos {\expndtw-30*}or e{\expndtw-30*}cima de u{\expndtw30*}os 7.5 hp, se debe \par}
f10 \fs21 utilizar alguna forma de arran{\expndtw-30*}ue de {\expndtw-30*}oltaje
reducido para con{\expndtw-30*}rolar los problemas de la \par}
\f10 \fs21 cada de v{\expndtw-30*}ltaje en el siste{\expndtw-30*}a de {\expndtw-3
0*}otencia al cual e{\expndtw-30*}tn c{\expndtw-30*}nectados durante el arranqu{\
expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}n t{\expndtw-30*}empos pasados, el dis{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}o de motores cl{\expndtw-30*}se A er{\expndtw-30*} el diseo com{\expndt
w-30*} para l{\expndtw-30*} ma{\expndtw-30*}or \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}arte de las a{\expndtw-30*}li{\expndtw-30*}acion{\expnd
tw-30*}s en{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*} 7.5 hp y 200 hp, pero d{\expndtw-30*}ra
nte los lt{\expndtw-30*}mos aos se {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 reempl{\expndtw-30*}zad{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}rofusa{\expndtw-3
0*}ente por los motores de d{\expndtw-30*}seo c{\expndtw-30*}as{\expndtw-30*} B.
Las aplicaciones tpicas \par}
\f10 \fs21 para estos motores so{\expndtw-30*} los ventiladores, {\expndtw-30*}b
anicos, {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mbas, tornos y {\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}
as mquinas - \par}
\f10 \fs21 herramie{\expndtw-30*}tas. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ISEO {\expndtw-30*}LASE "B":\b0 Los motores de diseo
cla{\expndtw-30*}e B tien{\expndtw-30*}n un momento de t{\expndtw-30*}rsin {\expn
dtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 a{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}nque nomi{\expndtw-30*}al, una corrien
te de arranque {\expndtw-30*}s baja y un deslizamient{\expndtw-30*} bajo. Este mo
tor \par}
\f10 \fs21 produce, aproximadam{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}e, el mis{\expndtw-3
0*}o m{\expndtw-30*}men{\expndtw-30*}o de arranque d{\expndtw-30*} lo{\expndtw-3
0*} motores clase A, con \par}
\f10 \fs21 cerca de u{\expndtw-30*} 25% menos de corrien{\expndtw-30*}e. E{\expn
dtw-30*} momento d{\expndtw-30*} torsin mxi{\expndtw-30*}o es mayor o igual a{\exp
ndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 200% del momento d{\expndtw-30*} ca{\expndtw-30*}ga nominal, pero men
o{\expndtw-30*} qu{\expndtw-30*} el de dis{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}lase A, e

n raz{\expndtw-30*}n d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}nto de la re{\expndtw-30*}
ctanc{\expndtw-30*}a d{\expndtw-30*}l rot{\expndtw-30*}r. {\expndtw-30*}l desliz
a{\expndtw-30*}iento del rotor es an r{\expndtw-30*}lativamente bajo \par}
\f10 \fs21 (menos de{\expndtw-30*} 5%) a pl{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*} carga.
Las aplicac{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nes {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} similar
{\expndtw-30*}s a aquella{\expndtw-30*} del dis{\expndtw-30*}o cl{\expndtw-30*}se
\par}
\f10 \fs21 A, pero se prefiere e{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}seo clase {\expndt
w-30*} por razn de {\expndtw-30*}us menore{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}igencias {\expndtw-30*}e corriente de \par}
\f10 \fs21 arranque. L{\expndtw-30*}s mo{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}es de diseo
cl{\expndtw-30*}se B ha{\expndtw-30*} reem{\expndtw-30*}lazado c{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*}siderablemente los motores \par}
\f10 \fs21 de dise{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}lase A en las inst{\expndtw-30*}l
aciones m{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ernas. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Unive{\expndtw-30*}sidad {\expndtw-30*}ecnolgica de Puebla \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}gi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}1 \
par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electric{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*} y Ele{\expndtw-30*}trnica
Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Trans{\expndtw-30*}ormado{\expndtw-30*}es y Motores de induccin \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 DISEO CLASE "C":\b0 Los {\expndtw-30*}otores de diseo clase C tienen
un momento de torsin d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 arranque alto, con corriente de a{\expndtw-30*}ranque baja y bajo des
{\expndtw-30*}izamie{\expndtw-30*}to (menos del 5%) a p{\expndtw-30*}ena \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}arga. El momento de torsin mxim{\expndtw-30*} es ligeramen
te ms bajo qu{\expndtw-30*} el {\expndtw-30*}e los motores de \par}
f10 \fs21 clase A, mient{\expndtw-30*}as que el momento de {\expndtw-30*}or{\exp
ndtw-30*}in de arr{\expndtw-30*}nq{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}lega ha{\expndtw30*}ta un 250% del \par}
f10 \fs21 mo{\expndtw-30*}ento de plena carg{\expndtw-30*}. Estos {\expndtw-30*}
ot{\expndtw-30*}res se {\expndtw-30*}abr{\expndtw-30*}can con rotores de doble j
au{\expndtw-30*}a p{\expndtw-30*}r lo que \par}
f10 \fs21 son ms cost{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}os que los {\expndtw-30*}otor{\e
xpndtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} clases anterior{\expn
dtw-30*}s. S{\expndtw-30*} usan para {\expndtw-30*}argas qu{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 requieren un alto mom{\expndtw-30*}nto de arranq{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}, tale{\expndtw-30*} como b{\expndtw-30*}mbas cargadas, compr{\expndtw-30*
}sores y \par}
\f10 \fs21 bandas tran{\expndtw-30*}portadoras. \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 DI{\expndtw-30*}E{\expndtw-30*} CLASE "D":\b0 L{\expndtw-30*}s m{\e
xpndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*} de diseo clase D {\expndtw-30*}i{\expn
dtw-30*}nen un m{\expndtw-30*}mento de t{\expndtw-30*}rsin de \par}
f10 \fs21 arranque m{\expndtw-30*}y alto (2{\expndtw-30*}5% o m{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}l m{\expndtw-30*}mento de torsin nominal) y un{\expndt
w-30*} corrien{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
f10 \fs21 arranqu{\expndtw-30*} baj{\expndtw-30*}, {\expndtw-30*}ero tienen tamb
i{\expndtw-30*} un de{\expndtw-30*}li{\expndtw-30*}amiento alto a plena carga. {\
expndtw-30*}on, \par}
f10 \fs21 esencialm{\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*}, {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}t
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es de {\expndtw-30*}nduccin comunes, d{\expndtw-30*}
clase A, pero c{\expndtw-30*}n las bar{\expndtw-30*}as del {\expndtw-30*}otor \p
ar}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}s p{\expndtw-30*}quea{\expndtw-30*} y hec{\expndtw-30*}os
de un m{\expndtw-30*}teri{\expndtw-30*}l de ms {\expndtw-30*}lt{\expndtw-30*} {\e
xpndtw-30*}es{\expndtw-30*}stencia. L{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}lta re{\expndt
w-30*}istenci{\expndtw-30*} del \par}
f10 \fs21 rotor hace qu{\expndtw-30*} el moment{\expndtw-30*} de tor{\expndtw-30
*}i{\expndtw-30*} mximo se presente a muy b{\expndtw-30*}ja velocidad. Incluso \pa
r}
f10 \fs21 es po{\expndtw-30*}ible que el moment{\expndtw-30*} de torsi{\expndtw30*}n m{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} alto ocurra a {\expndtw-30*}el{\expndtw-30*}
cidad ce{\expndtw-30*}o (100% de \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}eslizami{\expndtw-30*}nto). El deslizamiento a pl{\expnd
tw-30*}na carga par{\expndtw-30*} esto{\expndtw-30*} motores e{\expndtw-30*} {\e
xpndtw-30*}astante alto e{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}zn de l{\expndtw-30*} alta resistencia del
{\expndtw-30*}otor, la que {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} lo general tiende de un
7 a un 11%, pero \par}
\f10 \fs21 puede {\expndtw-30*}leg{\expndtw-30*}r hast{\expndtw-30*} al 1{\expnd
tw-30*}% o ms. {\expndtw-30*}stos mo{\expndtw-30*}ores se {\expndtw-30*}san en {\
expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}ica{\expndtw-30*}ion{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} que
requieren la \par}
f10 \fs21 ace{\expndtw-30*}eracin de car{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
} de t{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*} inercia{\expndtw-30*} extremadamente alta{\e
xpndtw-30*}, especial{\expndtw-30*}ente gr{\expndtw-30*}ndes \par}
f10 \fs21 v{\expndtw-30*}lant{\expndtw-30*}s u{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dos en
prensas {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nzonadoras o gras de tijera. {\expndtw-30*}n
{\expndtw-30*}ales aplic{\expndtw-30*}ciones, estos \par}
f10 \fs21 m{\expndtw-30*}tores aceler{\expndtw-30*}n un gran {\expndtw-30*}ol{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}te {\expndtw-30*}asta su mxima velocida{\expndtw-30*}, p
a{\expndtw-30*}a luego impuls{\expndtw-30*}r la \par}
f10 \fs21 pe{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}ado{\expndtw-30*}a. D{\ex
pndtw-30*}spus de una ope{\expndtw-30*}acin de perfor{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*

}n, el motor reacelera el v{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}e por \par}
\f10 \fs21 un perodo de tiemp{\expndtw-30*} razonableme{\expndtw-30*}te l{\expndt
w-30*}rgo para la sigui{\expndtw-30*}nte op{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}acin. \par
}
f10 \fs21 Ad{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s de estas {\expndtw-30*}uatro clases de
diseos, NEMA acostum{\expndtw-30*}raba a reconoc{\expndtw-30*}r l{\expndtw-30*}s
c{\expndtw-30*}ases \par}
f10 \fs21 de diseo E y F, llamadas\i a{\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}que suave\i0
de los motores {\expndtw-30*}e induccin. E{\expndtw-30*}tos di{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs21 dis{\expndtw-30*}ingu{\expndtw-30*}eron por t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}r muy {\expndtw-30*}ajas {\expndtw-30*}orrientes de arranque y
se usaron p{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*} cargas de \par}
f10 \fs21 mom{\expndtw-30*}nto de arranque bajo, en situaciones dond{\expndtw-30
*} {\expndtw-30*}as {\expndtw-30*}orriente{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}rranq{
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} eran un \par}
\f10 \fs21 problema. {\expndtw-30*}sto{\expndtw-30*} diseo{\expndtw-30*} son obs{
\expndtw-30*}letos ho{\expndtw-30*} en da. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 VII.{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}O{\expndtw-30*}S{\expndtw-30*}DE{
\expndtw-30*}ACI{\expndtw-30*}NES EN LA ELE{\expndtw-30*}CIN DEL TRAN{\expndtw-30
*}FORMADOR \par}
\f10 \fs21 Oper{\expndtw-30*}cin {\expndtw-30*}el Trans{\expndtw-30*}ormador \par
}
\f10 \fs21 El objeti{\expndtw-30*}o q{\expndtw-30*}e va {\expndtw-30*} {\expndt
w-30*}umpli{\expndtw-30*} el {\expndtw-30*}ransformador {\expndtw-30*}n el siste
ma elctrico. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Potencia \par}
\f10 \fs21 La Poten{\expndtw-30*}ia {\expndtw-30*}el {\expndtw-30*}ransf{\expnd
tw-30*}rmado{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} determi{\expndtw-30*}a
da por la {\expndtw-30*}arga que vam{\expndtw-30*}s a instal{\expndtw-30*}r y la
\par}
\f10 \fs21 perspectiva futura. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Can{\expndtw-30*}idad \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}uant{\expndtw-30*}s transf{\expndtw-30*}rmado{\expndtw
-30*}es necesito, por ejemplo pa{\expndtw-30*}a una poten{\expndtw-30*}ia {\expn
dtw-30*}e 20MV{\expndtw-30*}, nec{\expndtw-30*}sito un \par}
\f10 \fs21 tra{\expndtw-30*}sform{\expndtw-30*}dor de: \par}
\f10 \fs21 1 x 2{\expndtw-30*} MVA, 2 x {\expndtw-30*}0 MV{\expndtw-30*}, 2 {\e
xpndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}0 MVA, esto depe{\expndtw-30*}der de lo que se quie{\ex
pndtw-30*}a in{\expndtw-30*}ert{\expndtw-30*}r. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Taps \par}

\f10 \fs21 Las derivaci{\expndtw-30*}nes en el primario y secun{\expndtw-30*}ar
i{\expndtw-30*} par{\expndtw-30*} dismi{\expndtw-30*}ui{\expndtw-30*} las cadas {
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} tensin. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}in del Primario y Sec{\exp
ndtw-30*}nda{\expndtw-30*}io \par}
\f10 \fs21 L{\expndtw-30*}s T{\expndtw-30*}nsio{\expndtw-30*}es d{\expndtw-30*}
spon{\expndtw-30*}bles p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} el p{\expndtw-30*}oveedor y
los cambio{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} ta{\expndtw-30*}s del tran{\expndtw-30
*}formador \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}spec{\expndtw-30*}os con{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}u
ctivos \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}a disponibilidad de {\expndtw-30*}aps. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universid{\expndtw-30*}d Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ca d
e Pue{\expndtw-30*}la \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricid{\expndtw-30*}d y Elec{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ica
Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tran{\expndtw-30*}f{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}adores y Mot{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es d{\expndtw-30*} ind{\expndtw-30*}cc{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 La instalacin ( intemp{\expndtw-30*}ri{\expndtw-30*}, b{\expndtw-30*}j
{\expndtw-30*} te{\expndtw-30*}ho ). \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}roteccion{\expndtw-30*}s ( {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*
}{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}oradas ): t{\expndtw-30*}mperatura, presin. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Refrigeracin: {\expndtw-30*}entilacin forzada ; Cir{\expndtw-30*}ul{\ex
pndtw-30*}cin del {\expndtw-30*}ceit{\expndtw-30*} forzad{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 C{\expndtw-30*}mponentes de monta{\expndtw-30*}e. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Manute{\expndtw-30*}cin del T{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}sformador \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s de checar diaria{\expndtw
-30*}ente la{\expndtw-30*} condiciones ge{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ales {\exp
ndtw-30*}el tra{\expndtw-30*}sfo{\expndtw-30*}mador y de su \par}
\f10 \fs21 fun{\expndtw-30*}ion{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iento, {\expndtw-30*}
e de{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n contr{\expndtw-30*}lar {\expndtw-30*}n {\expnd
tw-30*}orm{\expndtw-30*} peridi{\expndtw-30*}a los parmetros y {\expndtw-30*}lemen
tos . \par}
\f10 \fs21 Temper{\expndtw-30*}tur{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 La{\expndtw-30*} tem{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}raturas del {\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}biente y d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} lqui{\expndtw-30*}o ref
rigerant{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}rmitidos o r{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}m
endado{\expndtw-30*} por e{\expndtw-30*} \par}

\f10 \fs21 fabric{\expndtw-30*}nte para qu{\expndtw-30*} el tran{\expndtw-30*}fo
rmador no trabaje fuera de sus condiciones de traba{\expndtw-30*}o. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}to \par}
f10 \fs21 Hay una gran variedad de {\expndtw-30*}ransformadores par{\expndtw-30*
} {\expndtw-30*}ump{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}l mismo objetivo,
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ro al mis{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 ti{\expndtw-30*}mpo el co{\expndtw-30*}to juega un papel imp{\expndtw
-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ante en l{\expndtw-30*} eleccin del transformador que hoy en
da \par}
\f10 \fs21 es de gran importan{\expndtw-30*}ia. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs27 TIPOS {\expndtw-30*} APLICACION{\expndtw-30*}S {\expndtw-30*}E TRA
NSF{\expndtw-30*}RMADORE{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 T{\expndtw-30*}ANS{\expndtw-30*}ORMA{\expndtw-30*}OR D{\expndtw-30
*} {\expndtw-30*}OTE{\expndtw-30*}CI{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}escripci{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
\f10 \fs21 S{\expndtw-30*} u{\expndtw-30*}ilizan pa{\expndtw-30*}a substra{\expn
dtw-30*}smi{\expndtw-30*}in y trans{\expndtw-30*}isin de \par}
\f10 \fs21 energa {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}trica {\expndtw-30*}
n al{\expndtw-30*}a y media te{\expndtw-30*}si{\expndtw-30*}n. S{\expndtw-30*}n
de \par}
\f10 \fs21 ap{\expndtw-30*}icac{\expndtw-30*}n en {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}es
taciones transform{\expndtw-30*}doras, \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}entr{\expndtw-30*}les d{\expndtw-30*} generacin y en gr{
\expndtw-30*}nde{\expndtw-30*} usua{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Ca{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}te{\expndtw-30*}st{\expndtw-30*}c{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}enerales: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se cons{\expndtw-30*}ru{\expndtw-30*}en en po{\expndtw-30*}encia{\exp
ndtw-30*} normal{\expndtw-30*}zadas d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e
\par}
\f10 \fs21 1.25 hasta 20 {\expndtw-30*}VA, en {\expndtw-30*}ensi{\expndtw-30*}ne
s {\expndtw-30*}e 13.2, 33, 66 \par}
\f10 \fs21 y 132 kV. y frecuencias de 5{\expndtw-30*} y 60 Hz. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 TRANSFORMA{\expndtw-30*}OR D{\expndtw-30*} DISTRIBUCION \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se denomina tr{\expndtw-30*}nsfor{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}do{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s de distri{\expndtw-30*}ucin, gener{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndt
w-30*}ente los transformadore{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
\f10 \fs21 pot{\expndtw-30*}ncias iguale{\expndtw-30*} o inferio{\expndtw-30*}es
{\expndtw-30*} 500 kVA {\expndtw-30*} de te{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}io{\expn
dtw-30*}es iguales o in{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}iores a 67 000 {\expndtw-30*
}, \par}

\f10 \fs21 tan{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} monof{\expndtw-30*}icos como tri{\expn
dtw-30*}sicos. Aunque la mayora de tales unidades {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tn \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 proyectadas para montaje sobre {\expndtw-30*}ostes, algunos de lo{\ex
pndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}amao{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e p{\expndtw-30*}tencia
superiores, \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}or encima de las c{\expndtw-30*}ases {\expndtw-30*}e 18
kV, se constr{\expndtw-30*}y{\expndtw-30*}n par{\expndtw-30*} montaje en {\expn
dtw-30*}staciones o en \par}
\f10 \fs21 plataform{\expndtw-30*}s. Las ap{\expndtw-30*}icaciones tp{\expndtw-30
*}cas son pa{\expndtw-30*}a al{\expndtw-30*}mentar {\expndtw-30*} granjas, resid
e{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}as, edifi{\expndtw-30*}ios o \par}
\f10 \fs21 almacenes p{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}cos, t{\expndtw-30*}ller{\exp
ndtw-30*}s y c{\expndtw-30*}ntros c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rci
ales. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 A {\expndtw-30*}ontinuac{\expndtw-30*}n se detallan algunos tipos
de transfor{\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}res de distri{\expndtw-30*}uci{\expndtw
-30*}n. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Descripci{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se utilizan en {\expndtw-30*}ntemperie {\expndtw-30*} inte{\expndtw30*}ior para d{\expndtw-30*}st{\expndtw-30*}ibu{\expndtw-30*}in de energ{\expndtw
-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 elctrica en media tens{\expndtw-30*}n. Son de aplicac{\expndtw-30*}n e{
\expndtw-30*} zonas \par}
\f10 \fs21 urbanas, indus{\expndtw-30*}ri{\expndtw-30*}s, minera, exp{\expndtw-3
0*}otaciones pet{\expndtw-30*}oler{\expndtw-30*}s, grand{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecn{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ica
de {\expndtw-30*}uebl{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electri{\expndtw-30*}idad y Electr{\expndtw-30*}ica Indu{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Mo{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s de i
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}ntros c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rcial
es y toda actividad q{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} requiera la ut{\expndtw-30*}li
za{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
\f10 \fs21 in{\expndtw-30*}ensiva de e{\expndtw-30*}erga elctri{\expndtw-30*}a. \p
ar}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Car{\expndtw-30*}cterstic{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}enerales: \p
ar}

\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}e fabric{\expndtw-30*}n en potencias normalizadas desde
25 {\expndtw-30*}as{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} 1000 \par}
\f10 \fs21 kVA y te{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iones prima{\expndtw-30*}ia{\expn
dtw-30*} de 13.2, 15, {\expndtw-30*}5, 33 y 35 kV. Se \par}
\f10 \fs21 con{\expndtw-30*}truye{\expndtw-30*} en otras tensiones {\expndtw-30*
}rimarias segn \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}spe{\expndtw-30*}if{\expndtw-30*}ca{\expndtw-30*}iones
particular{\expndtw-30*}s del cliente. Se prove{\expndtw-30*}n en \par}
\f10 \fs21 frecuencia{\expndtw-30*} de 50-60 {\expndtw-30*}z. La variac{\expndtw
-30*}n de tens{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}, se realiza \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}diant{\expndtw-30*} un conmuta{\expndtw-3
0*}or exterio{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e acci{\expndtw-30*}namiento s{\expndt
w-30*}n carga. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 \cf3 Transformad{\expndtw-30*}res Secos Encaps{\expndtw-30*}lados
en Re{\expndtw-30*}ina E{\expndtw-30*}oxi \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Descripcin: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se utili{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n en interior {\expndtw-30*}a{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} distribu{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
\f10 \fs21 energa elc{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ca {\expndtw-30*}n media {\expnd
tw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}sin, en \par}
\f10 \fs21 lugares d{\expndtw-30*}nde los espacio{\expndtw-30*} reducidos y los
\par}
\f10 \fs21 requ{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ientos {\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}eguridad en caso de \par}
\f10 \fs21 incendio {\expndtw-30*}mposi{\expndtw-30*}ilitan la ut{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}zacin d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 tr{\expndtw-30*}nsf{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mado{\expndtw-30*}es r
{\expndtw-30*}f{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gerados en ac{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw
-30*}e. S{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*} aplic{\expndtw-30*}cin e{\expndtw-30*} grandes edifici
os, \par}
\f10 \fs21 hospitales, industrias, m{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a,
{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ndes \par}
\f10 \fs21 ce{\expndtw-30*}tro{\expndtw-30*} comerciale{\expndtw-30*} y toda ac
tividad que \par}
\f10 \fs21 r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}uiera la util{\expndtw-30*}zacin intensi
va de ene{\expndtw-30*}ga \par}
\f10 \fs21 el{\expndtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}ca. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Cara{\expndtw-30*}tersticas \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Generales: \par}

\f10 \fs21 Su {\expndtw-30*}rinc{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} cara
c{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tica es que son \par}
\f10 \fs21 refrigerados en aire con a{\expndtw-30*}slacin clase F, \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lizndose r{\expndtw-30*}sina
ep{\expndtw-30*}x{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}omo {\expndtw-30*}ed{\expndtw-30*
}o de \par}
\f10 \fs21 pr{\expndtw-30*}teccin de los arrollamientos, si{\expndtw-30*}ndo \par
}
\f10 \fs21 innecesa{\expndtw-30*}io \par}
\f10 \fs21 cualqui{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 ma{\expndtw-30*}tenimiento \par}
\f10 \fs21 poster{\expndtw-30*}or {\expndtw-30*} la instalaci{\expndtw-30*}n. Se
fabrican {\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 potenc{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}a{\
expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}zadas desde {\expndtw-30*}00 hasta \par}
\f10 \fs21 2500 kVA,tensiones {\expndtw-30*}rimarias de 13.2, 15, \par}
\f10 \fs21 25, 33 {\expndtw-30*} 35 kV {\expndtw-30*} frecue{\expndtw-30*}cia{\
expndtw-30*} de 50 {\expndtw-30*} 60 Hz. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}ver{\expndtw-30*}idad Te{\expndtw-30*}nolgi{\ex
pndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}e P{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}la \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*} 74 \pa
r}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 El{\expndtw-30*}ctr{\expndtw-30*}cidad y Electrnica In{\expndtw30*}us{\expndtw-30*}rial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y M{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}res {\expndtw-30*}e i
nducci{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Trans{\expndtw-30*}orma{\expndtw-30*}ore{\expndtw-30*} Hermti{\expn
dtw-30*}os de Llenado Integ{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Des{\expndtw-30*}ripcin: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Se utili{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}n intem{\expndtw30*}erie o inte{\expndtw-30*}io{\expndtw-30*} par{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 distribucin de energa elctrica en media \par}
\f10 \fs21 tensin, sien{\expndtw-30*}o muy tiles e{\expndtw-30*} lugar{\expndtw-30
*}s d{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 los es{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}ios {\expndtw-30*}on redu{\expndtw
-30*}idos. Son de \par}

\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}pl{\expndtw-30*}caci{\expndtw-30*} en zo{\expndtw-30*}{\
expndtw-30*}s urba{\expndtw-30*}as, industrias, \par}
\f10 \fs21 m{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ra, ex{\expndtw-30*}lotacio{\expndtw-30*
}es pe{\expndtw-30*}roleras, grandes \par}
\f10 \fs21 cent{\expndtw-30*}os comerciales y {\expndtw-30*}oda actividad que \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 requi{\expndtw-30*}ra l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}tilizacin intensiv
{\expndtw-30*} de e{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
f10 \fs21 e{\expndtw-30*}ctrica. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}aracte{\expndtw-30*}stic{\expndtw-30*}s Gen{\expndtw30*}r{\expndtw-30*}les: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Su princip{\expndtw-30*}l cara{\expndtw-30*}te{\expndtw-30*}stica es q
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} al {\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}le{\expndtw-30*}ar tanque de e{\expndtw-30*}pans{\expnd
tw-30*}n de a{\expndtw-30*}eite {\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 n{\expndtw-30*}cesita ma{\expndtw-30*}ten{\expndtw-30*}miento, si{\ex
pndtw-30*}ndo est{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 constru{\expndtw-30*}cin ms compacta que l{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 tra{\expndtw-30*}icional. Se fabrican en potenc{\expndtw-30*}a{\expnd
tw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 n{\expndtw-30*}rmali{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}as d{\expndtw-30*}sd
e 100 hasta 1000 kVA, \par}
\f10 \fs21 tensiones pri{\expndtw-30*}aria{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} {\expnd
tw-30*}3.2, 1{\expndtw-30*}, 25, 33 y 35 \par}
\f10 \fs21 kV y frecuencias de 50 {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}0 Hz. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Tra{\expndtw-30*}sfo{\expndtw-30*}ma{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}e
s {\expndtw-30*}ur{\expndtw-30*}les \par}
\f10 \fs21 Descripcin: \par}
\f10 \fs21 Estn dise{\expndtw-30*}dos para instalacin monop{\expndtw-30*}ste en red
es de \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}lectrificacin suburba{\expndtw-30*}as m{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}ofilares, bifilar{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}rifilar
es, de 7.6, \par}
\f10 \fs21 13.{\expndtw-30*} y 15 {\expndtw-30*}V. \par}
\f10 \fs21 En redes trifilare{\expndtw-30*} se p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}den
utilizar transformad{\expndtw-30*}res trif{\expndtw-30*}sicos o como \par}
\f10 \fs21 alte{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iva 3 monofsicos. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ransformad{\expndtw-30*}res S{\expndtw-30*}bterrneos

\par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Aplicaci{\expndtw-30*}nes \par}
\f10 \fs21 Transformado{\expndtw-30*} de cons{\expndtw-30*}ruccin adecu{\expndtw
-30*}da par{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 se{\expndtw-30*} i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tala{\expndtw-30*}o {\
expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} cma{\expndtw-30*}as, en cualqui{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ivel, \par}
\f10 \fs21 pudiendo ser util{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ado don{\expndtw-30*}e
hay{\expndtw-30*} posib{\expndtw-30*}lidad \par}
\f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*} inmersin de {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}ier n{\expndtw-30*}turaleza. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Carac{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}sticas \par}
\f10 \fs21 Poten{\expndtw-30*}ia: 150 a 2000KVA \par}
\f10 \fs21 Alta Tensi{\expndtw-30*}n: 15 o 2{\expndtw-30*},2KV \par}
\f10 \fs21 Ba{\expndtw-30*}a T{\expndtw-30*}nsi{\expndtw-30*}n: \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}16,{\expndtw-30*}/12{\expndtw-30*};22{\expndtw-30*}/1{
\expndtw-30*}7;380/220;400/231V \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30*}rsidad Te{\expndtw-30*}nolgi{\expndtw-30*}a d
e Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pgi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} 7{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y E{\expndtw-30*}ectrnica Industria{\expndtw-30*} \
par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ransformado{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} y Moto{\expndt
w-30*}es de induccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Transf{\expndtw-30*}rm{\expndtw-30*}dores A{\expndtw-30*}to Proteg
idos \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Aplica{\expndtw-30*}iones \par}
\f10 \fs21 El t{\expndtw-30*}ansforma{\expndtw-30*}or inc{\expndtw-30*}rpora com
{\expndtw-30*}one{\expndtw-30*}te{\expndtw-30*} pa{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 protecci{\expndtw-30*}n de{\expndtw-30*} sistema de distri{\expndtw-3
0*}ucin contra \par}
\f10 \fs21 sobrecargas, c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}to-circuitos en la red secu
n{\expndtw-30*}aria y \par}
\f10 \fs21 f{\expndtw-30*}llas internas e{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} transfor
mador, {\expndtw-30*}ara {\expndtw-30*}sto poseee \par}
\f10 \fs21 fus{\expndtw-30*}bles de alta tensin y disyuntor de baja tensi{\expndt

w-30*}n, \par}
\f10 \fs21 montados inter{\expndtw-30*}amente e{\expndtw-30*} el tanque, fusible
s d{\expndtw-30*} alta \par}
\f10 \fs21 tensin y {\expndtw-30*}isyu{\expndtw-30*}to{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30
*}e baja te{\expndtw-30*}sin. Para protecc{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 contra sobreten{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}nes el transfor{\expndtw30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}r est{\expndtw-30*} provisto \par}
\f10 \fs21 de dis{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sitivo para fijacin de parar{\expndt
w-30*}ayos externos en \par}
f10 \fs21 el t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}que. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Cara{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}rsti{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}
\par}
\f10 \fs21 Potencia: 45 a {\expndtw-30*}50KVA \par}
\f10 \fs21 Alt{\expndtw-30*} Tensin: 15 o 24,2KV \par}
\f10 \fs21 Ba{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} Ten{\expndtw-30*}in: 38{\expndtw-30*}/2
20 o 2{\expndtw-30*}0/1{\expndtw-30*}7V \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 AUTOTRANSFORMADORES \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Los autotransf{\expndtw-30*}rmado{\expndtw-30*}es\b0 se {\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 normal{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}te par{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-3
0*}n{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ar dos {\expndtw-30*}istem{\expndtw-30*}s de \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}ansmi{\expndtw-30*}in {\expndtw-30*}e tensiones difere
ntes, \par}
\f10 \fs21 frecuentement{\expndtw-30*} con u{\expndtw-30*} devanado te{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iario \par}
\f10 \fs21 en tr{\expndtw-30*}ngulo. De man{\expndtw-30*}ra pare{\expndtw-30*}id
a, {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ut{\expndtw-30*}transformador{\expndtw-30*}s s{\expndt
w-30*}n adecuados como \par}
\f10 \fs21 tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformadores eleva{\expndtw-30*}ore{\expndtw-30*} d{
\expndtw-30*} ce{\expndtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}les \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}uand{\expndtw-30*} s desea a{\expndtw-30*}im{\expndtw-3
0*}n{\expndtw-30*}ar dos sistem{\expndtw-30*}s de \par}
\f10 \fs21 transporte {\expndtw-30*}iferen{\expndtw-30*}es. En este caso e{\exp
ndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 devanado terciario en tring{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o e{\expndtw-3
0*} {\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*}vanado d{\expndtw-30*} plena capacid{\expndtw-30*}d {

\expndtw-30*}onectado al \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}rador y los dos siste{\expndtw-30*}as
de t{\expndtw-30*}an{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}orte \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}onecta{\expndtw-30*} al dev{\expndtw-3
0*}nado, \par}
\f10 \fs21 auto{\expndtw-30*}rans{\expndtw-30*}orm{\expndtw-30*}dor. El a{\expn
dtw-30*}to{\expndtw-30*}ransformador no \par}
\f10 \fs21 sl{\expndtw-30*} presenta men{\expndtw-30*}res pr{\expndtw-30*}idas qu
{\expndtw-30*} el \par}
\f10 \fs21 tr{\expndtw-30*}nsf{\expndtw-30*}rma{\expndtw-30*}or nor{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}l, sino {\expndtw-30*}ue s{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}enor \par
}
\f10 \fs21 ta{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} y peso per{\expndtw-30
*}ite{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30*}an{\expndtw-30*}por{\expndtw30*}e de \par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}encias {\expndtw-30*}uperior{\expndtw-3
0*}s. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecn{\expndtw-30*}lgica de {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw
-30*}bla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 El{\expndtw-30*}ctric{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*} y Electrnica
Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}ns{\expndtw-30*}orm{\expndtw-30*}dores y Motores de i
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ANSF{\expndtw-30*}RMADO{\expndtw-30*}
DE CORR{\expndtw-30*}ENTE TT/CC \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Los transformadores de corriente\b0 {\expndtw-30*}e utiliz{\expnd
tw-30*}n pa{\expndtw-30*}a tomar muestras de co{\expndtw-30*}riente de \par}
f10 \fs21 la ln{\expndtw-30*}a y reducirla {\expndtw-30*} un nivel seguro y me{\e
xpndtw-30*}ib{\expndtw-30*}e, {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ra las g{\expndtw-30*}
mas normal{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}adas d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 i{\expndtw-30*}strumentos, a{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}tos de me{\expndtw-30*}ida, {\expndtw-30*} ot{\expndtw-30*}os dispositi{\expndt
w-30*}os d{\expndtw-30*} medida y contr{\expndtw-30*}l. Ci{\expndtw-30*}rto{\exp
ndtw-30*} tipos \par}
\f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*} tr{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}fo{\expndtw-30*}madore
s de {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iente protegen a los instrument{
\expndtw-30*}s al {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rrir cortocircuitos.
\par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Los {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}ores d{\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-3

0*}s transfo{\expndtw-30*}madores {\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*}ient{\expndtw-30*} son: \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Ca{\expndtw-30*}ga no{\expndtw-30*}inal:\b0 2.5 a 200 V{\expndtw30*}, dependiendo s{\expndtw-30*} fu{\expndtw-30*}cin. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Corriente nominal:\b0 5 y 1A en su lado s{\expndtw-30*}cundar{\ex
pndtw-30*}o. {\expndtw-30*}e de{\expndtw-30*}in{\expndtw-30*}n co{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*} relaciones de corriente \par}
f10 \fs21 prim{\expndtw-30*}ria a corrien{\expndtw-30*}e secund{\expndtw-30*}ria
. Un{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} rel{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ones tpic{\expnd
tw-30*}s de un transformado{\expndtw-30*} de corriente \par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}dra{\expndtw-30*} ser: 600/5, 800/5, 10{\expndtw-30*}0/
5. \par}
f10 \fs21 Usualmente es{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*
}spositivos {\expndtw-30*}ie{\expndtw-30*}en con un {\expndtw-30*}mp{\expndtw-30
*}rmetro adecuado con la razn de \par}
f10 \fs21 transformacin de los transform{\expndtw-30*}dores d{\expndtw-30*} co{\e
xpndtw-30*}rien{\expndtw-30*}e, po{\expndtw-30*} ejempl{\expndtw-30*}: un transf
ormador de \par}
\f10 \fs21 600/5 est disponible {\expndtw-30*}on un amperm{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw
-30*}o g{\expndtw-30*}aduado de {\expndtw-30*} - 600A. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 T{\expndtw-30*}A{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}FORMAD{\expndtw-30*}R
DE POTENCIAL TT/PP \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universida{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndt
w-30*}olgica de {\expndtw-30*}uebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}nsformadores y {\expndtw-30*}otores de i
0 \f10 \fs21 Es un t{\expndtw-30*}ansformado{\expndtw-30*}\b0 devanado espe{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}al{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}e, {\expndt
w-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} un primario de alto v{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}aje y un
\par}
f10 \fs21 secundario de baja t{\expndtw-30*}ns{\expndtw-30*}n. {\expndtw-30*}iene
una potencia {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mi{\expndtw-30*}al muy baja y su nico o
bjetivo {\expndtw-30*}s \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}uministrar {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*} muestra {\expnd
tw-30*}e voltaje de{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*}stema de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}tencia, para que se mida c{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 instrumentos incorpo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dos. \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}dems, puesto que el objetivo principal es el muestreo de

{\expndtw-30*}oltaje d{\expndtw-30*}ber ser \par}
f10 \fs21 particularmente prec{\expndtw-30*}so como para {\expndtw-30*}o distors
ionar los valores verdaderos. Se {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ed{\expndtw-30*}n \
par}
f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}eguir transformadores de potencia{\expnd
tw-30*} de va{\expndtw-30*}ios n{\expndtw-30*}veles d{\expndtw-30*} precisin, dep
e{\expndtw-30*}diend{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
\f10 \fs21 que {\expndtw-30*}an precisas deban ser sus lecturas, para ca{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*} aplicaci{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} es{\expndtw-30*}e{\exp
ndtw-30*}ial. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Transfo{\expndtw-30*}ma{\expndtw-30*}ores {\expndtw-30*}e corrient
e cons{\expndtw-30*}ante \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}n trans{\expndtw-30*}ormado{\expndtw-30*} de c{\expndtw30*}rr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nte constante e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}n
tran{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}orm{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}or {\expndtw-30*}
ue a{\expndtw-30*}tomticamente \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ntiene una c{\expndtw-30*}rriente apr{\exp
ndtw-30*}ximadamen{\expndtw-30*}e constante en su circu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*} secun{\expndtw-30*}ario, bajo \par}
f10 \fs21 con{\expndtw-30*}iciones variables de imped{\expndtw-30*}ncia de carga
, cua{\expndtw-30*}do su primario se al{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}enta de una \
par}
f10 \fs21 f{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}e te{\expndtw-30*}si{\e
xpndtw-30*}n aproximad{\expndtw-30*}mente cons{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}. El tipo ms u{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}al, {\expndtw-30
*}a disposicin de \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}bin{\expndtw-30*} mvil, tien{\expndtw-30*} s
{\expndtw-30*}paradas las bobinas del pri{\expndtw-30*}ario y secundario, qu{\ex
pndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nen libe{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ad \
par}
f10 \fs21 para mov{\expndtw-30*}rse entr{\expndtw-30*} s, va{\expndtw-30*}iand{\e
xpndtw-30*} por ta{\expndtw-30*}to la re{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tancia de di
sp{\expndtw-30*}rsin magntica d{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs21 tr{\expndtw-30*}nsf{\expndtw-30*}rmador. \par}
f10 \fs21 Ex{\expndtw-30*}sten disponib{\expndtw-30*}es ti{\expndtw-30*}os pa{\e
xpndtw-30*}a subestacin que p{\expndtw-30*}oporc{\expndtw-30*}ona{\expndtw-30*} u
nos modelos compactos \par}
f10 \fs21 int{\expndtw-30*}gra{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}, {\expndtw-30*}ue ll
e{\expndtw-30*}an incluidas los accesor{\expndtw-30*}os necesarios par{\expndtw30*} e{\expndtw-30*} control y protecci{\expndtw-30*} de{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 transformador. Los accesorios normales comprenden un interruptor a so{
\expndtw-30*}enoide {\expndtw-30*}rimar{\expndtw-30*}o, \par}
f10 \fs21 una proteccin. contra aper{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ra d{\expndtw-30*
}l cir{\expndtw-30*}uito, fusi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} o cort
acir{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}itos con {\expndtw-30*}us{\expndtw-30*}bles en e

l \par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}imario y descargadores de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
b{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}nsiones en el prima{\expndtw-30*}io
y e{\expndtw-30*} el secundario. \par}
f10 \fs21 Los tra{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ormadores d{\expndtw-30*} corrient
{\expndtw-30*} constante de tipo estti{\expndtw-30*}o no tienen partes {\expndtw30*}vile{\expndtw-30*} y \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}uncionan segn el {\expndtw-30*}ri{\expndtw-30*}cipio de u
na red reso{\expndtw-30*}ante. {\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}a red n{\expndtw-30*
}rmalmente consta de {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 reactancia{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}nductivas y dos c{\expndtw-30*}
pacit{\expndtw-30*}vas, cada una d{\expndtw-30*} ig{\expndtw-30*}al react{\expnd
tw-30*}ncia pa{\expndtw-30*}a la frecuencia \par}
\f10 \fs21 de aliment{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}n. {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*
} tal re{\expndtw-30*}, la co{\expndtw-30*}rient{\expndtw-30*} secundari{\expndt
w-30*} es in{\expndtw-30*}epe{\expndtw-30*}diente de la imped{\expndtw-30*}ncia
de \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} carga {\expndtw-30*}onectada, pero es di
rect{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ente proporciona{\expndtw-30*} a la tensi{\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} del {\expndtw-30*}rimario. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Transformado{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} para hor{\e
xpndtw-30*}os \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} transformador{\expndtw-30*}s para h{\exp
ndtw-30*}rnos suminist{\expndtw-30*}an potenc{\expndtw-30*}a a ho{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s elctri{\expndtw-30*}os de los {\expndtw-30*}ip{\expn
dtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 induccin, resistencia, arco abi{\expndtw-30*}rto y arco sum{\expndtw-30
*}rgido. Las te{\expndtw-30*}siones s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}
darias son \par}
\f10 \fs21 baja{\expndtw-30*}, oca{\expndtw-30*}ionalm{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-3
0*}e menore{\expndtw-30*} de 100 V, pero generalmen{\expndtw-30*}e de varios ce{
\expndtw-30*}tena{\expndtw-30*}es de \par}
\f10 \fs21 Volts. La gama de tamaos vara desde algunos k{\expndtw-30*}A a {\expnd
tw-30*}s de {\expndtw-30*}0 MVA, con corri{\expndtw-30*}ntes en \par}
\f10 \fs21 el se{\expndtw-30*}undario superio{\expndtw-30*}es a 6{\expndtw-30*}
000 A. Las corrientes el{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}s se obtie{\
expndtw-30*}en co{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}tando en \par}
\f10 \fs21 paralelo much{\expndtw-30*}s seccione{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e d
evanado. L{\expndtw-30*} corr{\expndtw-30*}ente es {\expndtw-30*}ec{\expndtw-30*
}gida p{\expndtw-30*}r barras in{\expndtw-30*}ernas y \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}le{\expndtw-30*}ada a trav{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*
}e la tapa {\expndtw-30*}el tran{\expndtw-30*}form{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}r
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}ante {\expndtw-30*}ar{\expndtw-30*}a
s o med{\expndtw-30*}ante born{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}ran
\par}

\f10 \fs21 corrie{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 T{\expndtw-30*}ansformadore{\expndtw-30*} de p{\expndtw-30*}es{\e
xpndtw-30*}a a tierra \par}
\f10 \fs21 Un transform{\expndtw-30*}dor de puesta a tier{\expndtw-30*}a es un t
ra{\expndtw-30*}sformador {\expndtw-30*}dead{\expndtw-30*} principalme{\expndtw30*}te con la \par}
\f10 \fs21 finalidad de prop{\expndtw-30*}rci{\expndtw-30*}nar un punto {\expndt
w-30*}eutro a {\expndtw-30*}fectos de puesta a t{\expndtw-30*}erra. Puede ser un
a \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}nidad de {\expndtw-30*}os devanados con el {\expndtw-30
*}evanado s{\expndtw-30*}cunda{\expndtw-30*}io co{\expndtw-30*}ectado en t{\expn
dtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ngulo y el \par}
\f10 \fs21 de{\expndtw-30*}anado primario co{\expndtw-30*}ectado en estr{\expndt
w-30*}ll{\expndtw-30*} que {\expndtw-30*}roporciona e{\expndtw-30*} neutro a efe
ctos de p{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ta a \par}
\f10 \fs21 tierra o puede ser un aut{\expndtw-30*}transforma{\expndtw-30*}or {\e
xpndtw-30*}rifsico de un solo devanado con {\expndtw-30*}evanados en \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}strella interconectada, o sea en zig-zag. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad {\expndtw-30*}ecnol{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}c{\e
xpndtw-30*} de Pu{\expndtw-30*}bl{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}in{\expndtw-30*} 78 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elec{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}icid{\expndtw-30*}d y Elec{\exp
ndtw-30*}rnica Industri{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sformadores y Motores {\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*} in{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 T{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}forma{\expndtw-30*}ore
s m{\expndtw-30*}vile{\expndtw-30*} \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 Transformadore{\expndtw-30*} mviles y sub{\expndtw-30*}stacio{\expnd
tw-30*}es mviles\b0 . Los tran{\expndtw-30*}formadore{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*
} \par}
\f10 \fs21 au{\expndtw-30*}otransforma{\expndtw-30*}ores mviles e{\expndtw-30*}tn
{\expndtw-30*}ontad{\expndtw-30*}s normalmente sobre semirre{\expndtw-30*}olques
y llevan \par}
f10 \fs21 in{\expndtw-30*}orpor{\expndtw-30*}dos pararrayos y se{\expndtw-30*}ci
onad{\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*} separad{\expndtw-30*}res. Una {\expndtw-30*}u
bestac{\expndtw-30*}n mvil {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ne, \par}
f10 \fs21 adems, {\expndtw-30*}par{\expndtw-30*}me{\expndtw-30*}ta y equipo de me
did{\expndtw-30*} y de protecci{\expndtw-30*}. {\expndtw-30*}a unidad se despl{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a por \par}
f10 \fs21 carretera arrastrada por t{\expndtw-30*}actores. Los reglamento{\expnd

tw-30*} esta{\expndtw-30*}ales y federales s{\expndtw-30*}bre {\expndtw-30*}r{\e
xpndtw-30*}nsporte \par}
f10 \fs21 por carreter{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ita{\expndtw-3
0*} el peso y tam{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o mximo{\expndtw-30*}. L{\expndtw-30
*}s {\expndtw-30*}nidades mviles se u{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} para \par}
f10 \fs21 r{\expndtw-30*}stablecer el servicio elc{\expndtw-30*}rico en emergenci
{\expndtw-30*}s, para {\expndtw-30*}ermitir {\expndtw-30*}l mant{\expndtw-30*}ni
mient{\expndtw-30*} sin \par}
\f10 \fs21 int{\expndtw-30*}rrupcin de ser{\expndtw-30*}icio, para proporcionar s
ervi{\expndtw-30*}io durante las constru{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ion{\expndtw
-30*}s im{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}antes \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}a re{\expndtw-30*}uci{\ex
pndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-30*}s in{\expndtw-30*}ersione{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}
n e{\expndtw-30*} sistema. \par}
f10 \fs21 L{\expndtw-30*} unidad mvil est{\expndtw-30*} proyectada de man{\expndt
w-30*}ra que constituye una {\expndtw-30*}nidad co{\expndtw-30*}pacta d{\expndtw
-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 a{\expndtw-30*}licacin {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tiple {\expndtw-30*}
ue propor{\expndtw-30*}iona la {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ima poten{\expndtw-30*
}ia en kVA, para el peso adm{\expndtw-30*}si{\expndtw-30*}le. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformadores para radio \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 Transformadores de {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}rga\b0 . L{\expndtw30*} f{\expndtw-30*}nalida{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}el {\expndtw-30*}ra{\expn
dtw-30*}sf{\expndtw-30*}rmado{\expndtw-30*} de ener{\expndtw-30*}a en l{\expndtw30*}s \par}
f10 \fs21 aplicaciones de los radi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}receptores consist
e en va{\expndtw-30*}iar l{\expndtw-30*} te{\expndtw-30*}sin de la {\expndtw-30*}
ed dom{\expndtw-30*}st{\expndtw-30*}ca a un \par}
f10 \fs21 nivel tal q{\expndtw-30*}e, cuan{\expndtw-30*}o se aplique a una vlvula
{\expndtw-30*}e vaco o a un r{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ificador {\expndtw-30*
}e \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ico{\expndtw-30*}duct{\expndtw-30*}res (y
a s{\expndtw-30*}a de {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ia onda o de onda compl{\expn
dtw-30*}ta) y est adec{\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}mente \par}
f10 \fs21 filtrada, p{\expndtw-30*}ed{\expndtw-30*} usarse para alimenta{\expndt
w-30*} las tensiones y cor{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}nte{\expndtw-30*} de pola
rizacin par{\expndtw-30*} los \par}
f10 \fs21 dispositivos acti{\expndtw-30*}os (vlvulas, trans{\expndtw-30*}stores,
etc.) de la radio. El transfo{\expndtw-30*}mador de e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}rg{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
f10 \fs21 tambin puede usarse para cambiar l{\expndtw-30*} tensin {\expndtw-30*}e
la red {\expndtw-30*} un {\expndtw-30*}alor ade{\expndtw-30*}uad{\expndtw-30*} p
ar{\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 fila{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}tos de la{\expndtw-30*} vlvulas {\exp
ndtw-30*} lmparas que pu{\expndtw-30*}da h{\expndtw-30*}ber en la {\expndtw-30*}a

dio. \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 Tra{\expndtw-30*}sf{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}madores de frecuenci
a{\expndtw-30*} de audio\b0 . P{\expndtw-30*}eden emplearse tre{\expndtw-30*} ti
pos de \par}
\f10 \fs21 transformad{\expndtw-30*}res de frecuenci{\expndtw-30*}s de audio en
los rec{\expndtw-30*}ptore{\expndtw-30*} de r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}io: de
entrada, de {\expndtw-30*}tapas \par}
f10 \fs21 i{\expndtw-30*}termedias y de salida. En el rec{\expndtw-30*}ptor norm
al slo se usa el t{\expndtw-30*}ansforma{\expndtw-30*}or de salida. El \par}
\f10 \fs21 acoplamient{\expndtw-30*} entre etapas de amplificacin se consi{\expnd
tw-30*}ue mediante i{\expndtw-30*}pe{\expndtw-30*}ancias co{\expndtw-30*}unes a
\par}
\f10 \fs21 l{\expndtw-30*}s circuitos de e{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}ada y sal
ida de las etap{\expndtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*}pli{\expndtw-30*}i
cacin. \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 Transfor{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}ores de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}da\b0 . Funcionan e{\expndtw-30*}tre {\expndtw-30*}a fuen{
\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}e tensi{\expndtw-30*}n de c.a. (m{\expndtw-30*}s \p
ar}
f10 \fs21 comn{\expndtw-30*}ente el l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mo a{\expndtw-30*
}plificador de frec{\expndtw-30*}enc{\expndtw-30*}a interme{\expndtw-30*}ia e{\e
xpndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}na radio) y la p{\expndtw-30*}imera \par}
f10 \fs21 vlvu{\expndtw-30*}a de vaco o tr{\expndtw-30*}nsistor de a{\expndtw-30*}
plifi{\expndtw-30*}acin del ampli{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cador {\expndtw-30*}
e a{\expndtw-30*}dio. La relacin de \par}
\f10 \fs21 espi{\expndtw-30*}as para este transform{\expndtw-30*}dor v{\expndtw
-30*}ene determ{\expndtw-30*}nada {\expndtw-30*}or la tensin {\expndtw-30*}o{\exp
ndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}l ap{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ca{\expndtw-30*}a s{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e el \par}
\f10 \fs21 prim{\expndtw-30*}rio {\expndtw-30*} el val{\expndtw-30*}r d{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ado de tensi{\expndtw-30*} que d{\expndtw-30*}be
aplica{\expndtw-30*}se a l{\expndtw-30*} r{\expndtw-30*}jill{\expndtw-30*} de l
a primera vlvula \par}
\f10 \fs21 o a la bas{\expndtw-30*} del primer transistor. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Tra{\expndtw-30*}sformado{\expndtw-30*}es de etapas in{\expndtw-30
*}ermedias.\b0 Todo lo dicho a{\expndtw-30*}tes para {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*} transformador de \par}
\f10 \fs21 en{\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}a se apl{\expndtw-30*}ca {\expndtw-30
*} {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} transformadores de e{\expndtw-30*}ap{\expndtw-3
0*}s interme{\expndtw-30*}ias, c{\expndtw-30*}n la excepci{\expndtw-30*}n de que
\par}
\f10 \fs21 lo{\expndtw-30*} transfor{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}ores de etapas
int{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}medias se usan entr{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*}
apas d{\expndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*}plificacin {\expndtw-30*}e los \par}
\f10 \fs21 am{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}fica{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}res d

e {\expndtw-30*}udio. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 T{\expndtw-30*}ansform{\expndtw-30*}dores {\expndtw-30*}e sal{\exp
ndtw-30*}da\b0 . Fun{\expndtw-30*}io{\expndtw-30*}an en{\expndtw-30*}re la l{\exp
ndtw-30*}ima etapa de v{\expndtw-30*}lvulas de vaco {\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nsist{\expndtw-30*}res del
ampli{\expndtw-30*}icador de audio y el circui{\expndtw-30*}o de car{\expndtw-30
*}a, que en las r{\expndtw-30*}di{\expndtw-30*}s es la bobin{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 del altavoz. Normalmente, el tr{\expndtw-30*}nsf{\expndtw-30*}rmador
de salida par{\expndtw-30*} una {\expndtw-30*}tapa de salida de p{\expndtw-30*}
tencia \par}
\f10 \fs21 tiene un{\expndtw-30*} relac{\expndtw-30*}n reductora, {\expndtw-30*}
ebido a q{\expndtw-30*}e la imp{\expndtw-30*}dancia d{\expndtw-30*}l altavoz e{\
expndtw-30*} relativa{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}te baj{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 en {\expndtw-30*}ompa{\expndtw-30*}acin co{\expndtw-30*} la impedanc{
\expndtw-30*}a d{\expndtw-30*} la sal{\expndtw-30*}da de un {\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}plificador, {\expndtw-30*}a sea {\expndtw-30*}e v{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}u{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} o de \par}
\f10 \fs21 transistor{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Transformadores de radiofrecuencia.\b0 Este tr{\expndtw-30*}i{\exp
ndtw-30*}o se u{\expndtw-30*}a para d{\expndtw-30*}scribir una c{\expndtw-30*}a{
\expndtw-30*}e de \par}
\f10 \fs21 transformado{\expndtw-30*}es que funcionan {\expndtw-30*} u{\expndtw30*}a frecuenci{\expndtw-30*} muy superior a la de la gam{\expndtw-30*} {\expndt
w-30*}e audio. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Esta e{\expndtw-30*} la frecuencia de la portadora de la seal de radio
re{\expndtw-30*}ibida o, en las {\expndtw-30*}adios \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ersid{\expndtw-30*}d Tecnolgica d
e P{\expndtw-30*}ebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}na 79 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 E{\expndtw-30*}ectricidad y {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}ct{\ex
pndtw-30*}nic{\expndtw-30*} I{\expndtw-30*}dustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transfo{\expndtw-30*}madores y Motores de ind{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}cin \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}uperheterodin{\expndtw-30*}s, es {\expndtw-30*}a {\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}fe{\expndtw-30*}encia entre la frecuencia de la po{\expndtw
-30*}tadora {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tran{\expndtw-30*}e y la \par}
f10 \fs21 frecuencia del oscilad{\expndtw-30*}r de la r{\expndtw-30*}dio. {\expn
dtw-30*}sta fr{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}encia d{\expndtw-30*}ferenc{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*} deno{\expndtw-30*}ina frecuencia \par}
f10 \fs21 int{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ed{\expndtw-30*}a y los tran{\expndtw-
30*}formadore{\expndtw-30*} a trav{\expndtw-30*}s de {\expndtw-30*}os c{\expndtw

-30*}ales pasa se {\expndtw-30*}enominan \par}
\f10 \fs21 transformadores {\expndtw-30*}e frecuencia int{\expndtw-30*}rmedia. \
par}
\f10 \fs21 Los transf{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}madores de ra{\expndtw-30*}iofr
ecuen{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ealiza{\expndtw-30*} esencialm{
\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}as mismas funciones que \par}
f10 \fs21 lo{\expndtw-30*} transformad{\expndtw-30*}res de frecuencia de audio (
re{\expndtw-30*}acin de espiras determinada por {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s \pa
r}
f10 \fs21 tension{\expndtw-30*}s desea{\expndtw-30*}as), pero presentan tres dif
eren{\expndtw-30*}ia{\expndtw-30*} im{\expndtw-30*}ort{\expndtw-30*}ntes. Como s
e h{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}encio{\expndtw-30*}ado anteriormente, t{\expndtw-30*}ab
aj{\expndtw-30*}n con fr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ue{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw30*}s muy super{\expndtw-30*}ores. Adems, op{\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*} con \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}tencias consider{\expndtw-30*}bl{\expndtw-30*}m{\expnd
tw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} menor{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} que los t
rans{\expndtw-30*}ormadores de aud{\expndtw-30*}o. Final{\expndtw-30*}ente, u{\e
xpndtw-30*}o \par}
f10 \fs21 o ambos devana{\expndtw-30*}os de un transform{\expndtw-30*}dor de {\e
xpndtw-30*}adiofr{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}encia {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*
}enudo {\expndtw-30*}stn shunt{\expndtw-30*}dos \par}
f10 \fs21 mediant{\expndtw-30*} un- co{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ensa{\expndtw30*}or, de mane{\expndtw-30*}a que se forma un circuito s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}oniz{\expndtw-30*}do q{\expndtw-30*}e at{\expndtw-30*}n{\expnd
tw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 todas las frecuencias menos la deseada\b . \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Transformado{\expndtw-30*}es par{\expndtw-30*} re{\expndtw-30*}tif
ica{\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
f10 \fs21 Los {\expndtw-30*}ransformadores para rectificadores sumini{\expndtw-3
0*}tr{\expndtw-30*}n energa a lo{\expndtw-30*} recti{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}
adores a {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ensin de entrada {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} c.a. requer
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a para la tensin de salida de {\expndtw-30*}.c. des{\
expndtw-30*}ada. {\expndtw-30*}stn \par}
f10 \fs21 construidos en tamaos que llega{\expndtw-30*} hasta los {\expndtw-30*}5
000 kVA y a veces superiores. L{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sin \
par}
f10 \fs21 del secund{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}io gen{\expndtw-30*}ralme{\expnd
tw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} es baja, variando desde menos de 50 V, para a{\expndtw-30
*}g{\expndtw-30*}nos \par}
f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cesos el{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ro{\
expndtw-30*}ticos, hasta 1{\expndtw-30*}00 V para o{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}s
aplicaci{\expndtw-30*}ne{\expndtw-30*}. La corriente secu{\expndtw-30*}d{\expnd

tw-30*}ria \par}
\f10 \fs21 general{\expndtw-30*}ente es eleva{\expndtw-30*}a y p{\expndtw-30*}ed
e alc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}zar mu{\expndtw-30*}hos miles de {\expndtw-30*}
mp{\expndtw-30*}res. \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ued{\expndtw-30*}n usarse c{\expndtw-30*}nexio{\expndtw30*}es de t{\expndtw-30*}ansfor{\expndtw-30*}ador {\expndtw-30*}ue prod{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}en d{\expndtw-30*}sfases para conseguir 12 \par}
\f10 \fs21 fa{\expndtw-30*}es, 24 o incluso {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s, a fin
{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}educir los armnic{\expndtw-30*}s de la corri{\expn
dtw-30*}nte {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la e{\expndtw-30*}trada de c.a. \par}
f10 \fs21 P{\expndtw-30*}eden usars{\expndtw-30*} transfor{\expndtw-30*}adores a
uxiliares o conexiones e{\expndtw-30*}tre los devanad{\expndtw-30*}s de fase de
\par}
f10 \fs21 los propios tra{\expndtw-30*}sforma{\expndtw-30*}ores d{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*} rectificador. Cuando se usan dos dev{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ad
os secundarios \par}
\f10 \fs21 (com{\expndtw-30*} en el ci{\expndtw-30*}cuito en dobl{\expndtw-30*}
estrella) d{\expndtw-30*}be haber la misma i{\expndtw-30*}pedancia entre el prim
ario y \par}
f10 \fs21 cada {\expndtw-30*}evanado de{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ecunda{\expn
dtw-30*}io, p{\expndtw-30*}ra obtener ngu{\expndtw-30*}os de conmutac{\expndtw-30
*}n y tensi{\expndtw-30*}nes {\expndtw-30*}e c.c. \par}
\f10 \fs21 iguales en los dos circuitos {\expndtw-30*}el secundario. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 T{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}fo{\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}adores especi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 Los transformador{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}speciales de apl{\ex
pndtw-30*}cacin g{\expndtw-30*}neral\b0 so{\expndtw-30*} transforma{\expndtw-30*
}ore{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
f10 \fs21 distrib{\expndtw-30*}cin {\expndtw-30*}e tipo seco que general{\expndtw
-30*}ente se usan con los p{\expndtw-30*}imarios con{\expndtw-30*}ctados a los \
par}
f10 \fs21 circuitos de dist{\expndtw-30*}ibucin d{\expndtw-30*} ba{\expndtw-30*}a
tensin, pa{\expndtw-30*}a aliment{\expndtw-30*}r carga{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw30*} {\expndtw-30*}lumbr{\expndtw-30*}do y peque{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 cargas a t{\expndtw-30*}nsiones todava ms ba{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30
*}. Existen transformado{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}a te{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ones de{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ario de, 120, 24{\expndtw-30*}, {\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}0 y 600 V, co{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}en
cias no{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ales comprend{\expndtw-30*}das entre 25 {\ex
pndtw-30*}A y \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}00 kVA, a 60 Hz. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}versidad Tecnolgica {\expndtw-30*}e Pueb{\expnd

tw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Ele{\expndtw-30*}tricidad {\expndtw-30*} Elec{\expndtw-30*}r{\e
xpndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a In{\expndtw-30*}ustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 T{\expndtw-30*}ansformadores y {\expndtw-30*}ot{\expndtw-30*}res de i
nduccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Los transformadore{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e control\b0 son t
ra{\expndtw-30*}sformador{\expndtw-30*}s de aislamient{\expndtw-30*} de tensin \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}ns{\expndtw-30*}ante y t{\expndtw-30*}po seco. G{\expn
dtw-30*}ne{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lme{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} se us{\ex
pndtw-30*}n con los devana{\expndtw-30*}os primarios c{\expndtw-30*}nect{\expndt
w-30*}dos a \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cuitos de distr{\expndtw-30*}buc{\expndt
w-30*}n de {\expndtw-30*}aja tensin de 600 V {\expndtw-30*} menos. La eleccin adec{
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}da de un \par}
\f10 \fs21 tra{\expndtw-30*}sf{\expndtw-30*}rma{\expndtw-30*}or de cont{\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} facili{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-3
0*} la al{\expndtw-30*}mentaci{\expndtw-30*}n con la pote{\expndtw-30*}cia cor{\
expndtw-30*}ect{\expndtw-30*} a {\expndtw-30*}ensi{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 reducida {\expndtw-30*}ara c{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} al{\expndtw-30*}mbra{\expndtw-30*}o y de contro
l h{\expndtw-30*}sta 250 VA. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Los tra{\expndtw-30*}sformad{\expndtw-30*}res par{\expndtw-30*} mqu
ina{\expndtw-30*} herr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ient{\expndtw-30*}s\b0 son {\
expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lares a los transf{\expndtw-30*}rma{\ex
pndtw-30*}ores \par}
f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*} con{\expndtw-30*}rol con capaci{\expndtw-30*}ades de h
{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}a 1{\expndtw-30*}00 VA para alumbrad{\expndtw-30*}
loca{\expndtw-30*}izado y para \par}
\f10 \fs21 dispositi{\expndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*}e cont{\expndtw-30*}ol de mqu{
\expndtw-30*}nas ta{\expndtw-30*}es com{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*}len{\expndt
w-30*}ides, contact{\expndtw-30*}res, rels, tanto s{\expndtw-30*}bre \par}
f10 \fs21 herramientas porttiles co{\expndtw-30*}o fija{\expndtw-30*}. Principalm
ente se usan para {\expndtw-30*}roporc{\expndtw-30*}onar {\expndtw-30*}ali{\expn
dtw-30*}as de \par}
f10 \fs21 120 V a part{\expndtw-30*}r de r{\expndtw-30*}ls d{\expndtw-30*} 240 {\
expndtw-30*} 480 {\expndtw-30*} a 60 Hz. T{\expndtw-30*}mb{\expndtw-30*}n existen
{\expndtw-30*}ara func{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}amien{\expndtw-30*}o a \par}
\f10 \fs21 di{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}intas {\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}io{
\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} con 2{\expndtw-30*} y 50 Hz. \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 Los tra{\expndtw-30*}sf{\expndtw-30*}rmadores d{\expndtw-30*} cla{\

expndtw-30*}e 2\b0 so{\expndtw-30*} tra{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}form{\expndt
w-30*}dore{\expndtw-30*} de ai{\expndtw-30*}lamien{\expndtw-30*}o de t{\expndtw30*}po seco \par}
f10 \fs21 ade{\expndtw-30*}ua{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s par{\expndtw-30*} usa
r en {\expndtw-30*}os cir{\expndtw-30*}uitos de {\expndtw-30*}las{\expndtw-30*}
2 del Nationa{\expndtw-30*} Elect{\expndtw-30*}ical Co{\expndtw-30*}e. Estos \pa
r}
f10 \fs21 trans{\expndtw-30*}ormadores se usan genera{\expndtw-30*}mente en cont
rol remoto, en alimentaci{\expndtw-30*}n de {\expndtw-30*}equeas \par}
f10 \fs21 potencias y en los circuitos de seal {\expndtw-30*}ara el acci{\expndtw
-30*}namiento de t{\expndtw-30*}mbre{\expndtw-30*}, camp{\expndtw-30*}as, \par}
\f10 \fs21 control{\expndtw-30*}s de horn{\expndtw-30*}s, vlv{\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}as, re{\expndtw-30*}s, sol{\expndtw-30*}noid{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
y simil{\expndtw-30*}res. So{\expndtw-30*} unidades con el p{\expndtw-30*}i{\exp
ndtw-30*}ar{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 120 V ta{\expndtw-30*}to del {\expndtw-30*}ipo limitado{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}e energ{\expndtw-30*} como del t{\expndtw-30*}po no limitador. \pa
r}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Los tran{\expndtw-30*}form{\expndtw-30*}dores par{\expndtw-30*} sea
lizacin\b0 s{\expndtw-30*}n transformado{\expndtw-30*}es de ai{\expndtw-30*}l{\e
xpndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}ento, re{\expndtw-30*}uctores, \par}
\f10 \fs21 de tensin c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}stante y ti{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*} sec{\expndtw-30*}, que general{\expndtw-30*}ente se usan con s{\expndt
w-30*}s devanado{\expndtw-30*} primarios \par}
\f10 \fs21 cone{\expndtw-30*}tados o circu{\expndtw-30*}tos de distribuci{\expnd
tw-30*}n de baja te{\expndtw-30*}sin para alimentar sis{\expndtw-30*}emas de \par
}
\f10 \fs21 sealizaci{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}o sujetos a l{\expndtw-30*}s lim
itaciones de los c{\expndtw-30*}rcuit{\expndtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw30*}ase 2. Ex{\expndtw-30*}sten para circuitos \par}
\f10 \fs21 de 120 de 240 V. Ll{\expndtw-30*}van una seleccin de tensiones de sal
ida de 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 2{\expndtw-30*} V, \par}
\f10 \fs21 con{\expndtw-30*}ctando adecuadamente los c{\expndtw-30*}atr{\expndtw
-30*} terminales de salida. Existe{\expndtw-30*} u{\expndtw-30*}idades de hasta
\par}
\f10 \fs21 1000 VA. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 Lo{\expndtw-30*} tr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sform{\expndtw-30*
}do{\expndtw-30*}es para tubos luminis{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}tes\b0 , pa{\
expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} su{\expndtw-30*}inistrar {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*
}rga a anu{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}os de \par}
\f10 \fs21 ne{\expndtw-30*}n o d{\expndtw-30*} ot{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} g
ases, se {\expndtw-30*}abrican en tam{\expndtw-30*}os que {\expndtw-30*}ompre{\ex
pndtw-30*}de{\expndtw-30*} de{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}os 50 a
los 1650 \par}
\f10 \fs21 V{\expndtw-30*}. {\expndtw-30*}as g{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}as de

te{\expndtw-30*}siones {\expndtw-30*}n el s{\expndtw-30*}cundar{\expndtw-30*}{\
expndtw-30*} estn com{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}endida{\expndtw-30*} entre 2 000
y 15 000 V. \par}
\f10 \fs21 L{\expndtw-30*} tensin depende de la longitud {\expndtw-30*}el tubo qu
e {\expndtw-30*}orma el c{\expndtw-30*}rcui{\expndtw-30*}o; es decir, {\expndtw30*}ua{\expndtw-30*}to mayor \par}
\f10 \fs21 sea la l{\expndtw-30*}ngitu{\expndtw-30*} de{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw30*}ubo, mayo{\expndtw-30*} ten{\expndtw-30*}in se n{\expndtw-30*}cesit{\expndtw30*}. L{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}rriente s{\expndtw-30*}ministra{\expndtw-30
*}a por los \par}
\f10 \fs21 transforma{\expndtw-30*}ores e{\expndtw-30*}t comprend{\expndtw-30*}d
a entre 18 {\expndtw-30*} 120 m{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universid{\expndtw-30*}d Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}gi{\expndtw-30*}a
de Pueb{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electrici{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}d y Electrnica Indust{\expn
dtw-30*}ial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformad{\expndtw-30*}res y M{\expndtw-30*}to{\expndtw-30*}e{\expn
dtw-30*} de induccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Los tr{\expndtw-30*}nsformad{\expndtw-30*}res para {\expndtw-30*}g
nicin\b0 son transfo{\expndtw-30*}ma{\expndtw-30*}ores el{\expndtw-30*}va{\expnd
tw-30*}ores {\expndtw-30*}e t{\expndtw-30*}po seco, de alta \par}
f10 \fs21 reac{\expndtw-30*}ancia, usa{\expndtw-30*}os para el enc{\expndtw-30*}
ndido {\expndtw-30*}e los {\expndtw-30*}uemad{\expndtw-30*}res de gas o de fueloil domsticos. \par}
f10 \fs21 Tales trans{\expndtw-30*}ormad{\expndtw-30*}res estn {\expndtw-30*}imi{
\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}s a l{\expndtw-30*}s tensiones {\expndtw-30*}rimari
as de 120 240 V. Las \par}
f10 \fs21 tensi{\expndtw-30*}nes sec{\expndtw-30*}ndaria{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw
-30*}stn li{\expndtw-30*}itadas a 15 40{\expndtw-30*} V y normalmente la ga{\expn
dtw-30*}a va desde los 6 \par}
f10 \fs21 000 a los 14 000 V. L{\expndtw-30*} gama d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*
}{\expndtw-30*}rrientes nominal{\expndtw-30*}s en el secun{\expndtw-30*}ario va
de{\expndtw-30*}de 20 {\expndtw-30*} 28 \par}
\f10 \fs21 mA y la de potencias de 140 a 430 VA \par}
10 \fs21 .\par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Lo{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ansformadores para ju
guetes\b0 s{\expndtw-30*}n tran{\expndtw-30*}formadores reducto{\expndtw-30*}es
, d{\expndtw-30*}l tipo secu{\expndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*}io \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}e baja tensin, cuya princi{\expndtw-30*}al fi{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}dad es sumini{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rar corr

i{\expndtw-30*}nte {\expndtw-30*} juguetes accionad{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
f10 \fs21 elc{\expndtw-30*}ri{\expndtw-30*}amente. Normalme{\expndtw-30*}te so{\e
xpndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}rtti{\expndtw-30*}es y, debido a s{\expndtw-30*} uso p
revisto, se po{\expndtw-30*}e una \par}
f10 \fs21 espec{\expndtw-30*}al atencin en s{\expndtw-30*} construc{\expndtw-30*}
in en lo relativo a segur{\expndtw-30*}dad y a elimina{\expndtw-30*}in del pe{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gro \par}
\f10 \fs21 de in{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}io; l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}
nt{\expndtw-30*}ada al devanado primario debe estar limitada por const{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}ccin {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}60 W, \par}
f10 \fs21 inclus{\expndtw-30*} cuando e{\expndtw-30*} devanado del secundario es
t cor{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}circuit{\expndtw-30*}do, condici{\expndtw-30*} qu
e debe ser \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}op{\expndtw-30*}rtada sin cre{\expndtw-30*}r peligro d{\
expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ncend{\expndtw-30*}o. Tales {\expndtw-30*}ransformad{
\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*} no estn auto{\expndtw-30*}izados pa{\expndtw-30*}a
\par}
f10 \fs21 tensi{\expndtw-30*}nes del {\expndtw-30*}rim{\expndtw-30*}rio sup{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iores a {\expndtw-30*}50 V {\expndtw-30*} las t{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ion{\expndtw-30*}s del secund{\expndtw-30*}rio n
o pu{\expndtw-30*}den ser \par}
\f10 \fs21 superiores a 30 V entre dos {\expndtw-30*}erm{\expndtw-30*}nales de s
alida cual{\expndtw-30*}uiera. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Transform{\expndtw-30*}dores para ensayos \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Los trans{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rm{\expndtw-30*}dores para e{
\expndtw-30*}sayos\b0 , usados p{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*} rea{\expndtw-30*}i
zar {\expndtw-30*}ruebas {\expndtw-30*}e tens{\expndtw-30*}ones elevad{\expndtw30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 a b{\expndtw-30*}ja frecuencia, han s{\expndtw-30*}do d{\expndtw-30*}
sarrollados pa{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}iones s{\expndtw-30*
}pe{\expndtw-30*}iores, para {\expndtw-30*}acer pos{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}
e el \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}studio de aplica{\expndtw-30*}ione{\expndtw-30*} de ten
siones de trans{\expndtw-30*}orte {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a ve
{\expndtw-30*} mayores. A menudo s{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 nece{\expndtw-30*}it{\expndtw-30*}n tensiones de 1 50{\expndtw-30*} 0
00 o ms v{\expndtw-30*}lt{\expndtw-30*}. Se h{\expndtw-30*}n construido {\expndtw
-30*}nid{\expndtw-30*}des p{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*} 1{\expndtw-30*}00 KV \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 respect{\expndtw-30*} a {\expndtw-30*}ierra, {\expndtw-30*}ero normal
mente r{\expndtw-30*}sul{\expndtw-30*}a m{\expndtw-30*} econ{\expndtw-30*}ico obte
ne{\expndtw-30*} tales t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}siones \par}
\f10 \fs21 conect{\expndtw-30*}ndo dos o ms unidades en casca{\expndtw-30*}a o en ca
dena. Los transformadores para \par}
\f10 \fs21 ensayo, {\expndtw-30*}ormalmente estn proyect{\expndtw-30*}dos para ap

lica{\expndtw-30*}iones de {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}ta durac{\expndtw-30*}n.
{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}mbar{\expndtw-30*}o, pa{\expndtw-30*}a a{\expndtw-30*}l
icacione{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}spe{\expndtw-30*}iales, pu{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}equerirse un{\expndtw-30*} potencia de varios miles d
e \par}
\f10 \fs21 kVA y {\expndtw-30*}l tiempo de aplicacin puede ser {\expndtw-30*}ont
inuo. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Unive{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}idad Tec{\expndtw-30*}ol{\exp
ndtw-30*}gi{\expndtw-30*}a de {\expndtw-30*}uebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}gi{\expndtw-30*}a 82 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y {\expndtw-30*}lectrn{\expndtw-30*}ca Industri{\ex
pndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsfo{\expndtw-30*}madores y Mot{\expndtw-30*}res de i
\f10 \fs21 Transfo{\expndtw-30*}mador de corriente {\expndtw-30*}pico \par}
\f10 \fs21 T{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ormador trifsico de {\exp
ndtw-30*}aborator{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 de {\expndtw-30*}abora{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}o \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 Trans{\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}ador monofsico d{\expndtw-30*} l{\
expndtw-30*}bora{\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}nsformad{\expndtw-30*}r d{\expndtw-30*}
distri{\expndtw-30*}uc{\expndtw-30*}n com{\expndtw-30*} de la \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}iudad \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}sformadores de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}stribucin empresa \par}
\f10 \fs21 Elctrica \par}
\f10 \fs21 A{\expndtw-30*}tot{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}sfor{\expndtw-30*}ado
r tpico {\expndtw-30*}e laboratorio \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Unive{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}idad T{\expndtw-30*}cn{\expnd
tw-30*}lgica d{\expndtw-30*} Pu{\expndtw-30*}bla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 El{\expndtw-30*}ct{\expndtw-30*}icidad {\expndtw-30*} Elect{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ni{\expndtw-30*}a I{\expndtw-30*}du{\expndtw-30*}tria{\e
xpndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadore{\expndtw-30*} y Motore{\expndtw-30*} de i{\expndtw-30*
}duccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs35 Gu{\expndtw-30*}a de Prctic{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Prcticas de la unidad 2 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 PRCTICA No. 1 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 CIRC{\expndtw-30*}ITOS M{\expndtw-30*}GNETICO{\expndtw-30*} SERIE
- PARALELO \par}
\f10 \fs21 Fecha \par}
\f10 \fs21 No de alumno{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}r prctica \par}
\f10 \fs21 N{\expndtw-30*}mbre {\expndtw-30*} firma del profes{\expndtw-30*}r \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 Nombre (s) del alumno (s) \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}{\expndtw-30*} estim{\expndtw-30*}do \par}
\f10 \fs21 Grupo \par}
\f10 \fs21 No. de alumnos po{\expndtw-30*} reporte \par}
\f10 \fs21 Hrs \par}
\f10 \fs21 C{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ifica{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 1. Objetivo. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Solucion{\expndtw-30*}r ejer{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cios de circu
itos magnticos con diferentes estructur{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 2. Ma{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ales y/o eq{\expndt
w-30*}ipos. \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}. Desar{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ll{\expndtw-30*} {
\expndtw-30*}eneral. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}n esta prct{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a el alumno deber
{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 resolver difer{\expndtw-30*}nte{\expndtw-30*} ejercic{\expndtw-30*}os
de c{\expndtw-30*}rcuitos \par}
\f10 \fs21 ma{\expndtw-30*}nti{\expndtw-30*}os aplicando las leyes {\expndtw-30*
}ar{\expndtw-30*} cir{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}itos magn{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndt
w-30*}os y utilizando de s{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-30*}ecesar{\expndtw-30*}o \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 las c{\expndtw-30*}rvas de m{\expndtw-30*}gneti{\expndtw-30*}aci{\exp
ndtw-30*}\i {\expndtw-30*} -H\i0 d{\expndtw-30*} dife{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw30*}te{\expndtw-30*} materiales ferromagnticos \par}
{\phpg\posx2355\pvpg\posy11395\absw102\absh261 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-6 {\f0\fs32
\bullet }\par}
\f10 \fs21 Resolver {\expndtw-30*}os sig{\expndtw-30*}ientes ejercic{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}s de acuerdo {\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}onc{\expndtw-30*}pto
que s{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 le p{\expndtw-30*}de \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.- {\expndtw-30*}ara e{\expndtw-30*} siguiente Circuit{\expndtw-30*
} magntico \par}
\f10 \fs21 a).- {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}uentre el nmero de vueltas de N\dn4
\fs13 1\dn0 \fs21 r{\expndtw-30*}quer{\expndtw-30*}das para esta{\expndtw-30*}
le{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r un fl{\expndtw-30*}jo \par}
\f10 \fs21 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 70 \\f Symbol }} = 12 x1{\expnd
tw-30*}\up5 \fs13 -4\up0 \fs21 Wb en el circuito magntico d{\expndtw-30*} la s{
\expndtw-30*}guient{\expndtw-30*} figu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 b).- Encuentr{\expndtw-30*} la p{\expndtw-30*}rmeabilid{\expndtw-30*
}d de{\expndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}terial \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sidad Tecnolgica d{\expndtw-30*
} Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 E{\expndtw-30*}ectri{\expndtw-30*}ida{\expndtw-30*} y {\expndtw
-30*}lectrnica Indu{\expndtw-30*}trial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformado{\expndtw-30*}es y Motores de in{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}ccin \par}
f10 \fs21 2.- La figura mues{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*} el esquema simplificad
o del est{\expndtw-30*}tor de un mot{\expndtw-30*}r de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}. La longitud \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}edia de la trayector{\expndtw-30*}a del flujo e{\expndtw
-30*} el estator es de 50 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}. y e{\expndtw-30*} rea de
la sec{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
f10 \fs21 t{\expndtw-30*}ansv{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}l es 12
{\expndtw-30*}m Cada uno de los ent{\expndtw-30*}ehier{\expndtw-30*}os entr{\expn
dtw-30*} rotor y esta{\expndtw-30*}or es de 0.05 {\expndtw-30*} su \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*} transversal (incluyendo re{\expndtw-30*
}rigencia) es 14 c{\expndtw-30*}. E{\expndtw-30*} hi{\expndtw-30*}rro d{\expndtw30*}l n{\expndtw-30*}cleo tiene una \par}
f10 \fs21 permeabi{\expndtw-30*}idad relativa de 2000 {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-3
0*}ay una bobina con {\expndtw-30*}0{\expndtw-30*} esp{\expndtw-30*}ras sobre el
ncleo. Si la \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}rrien{\expndtw-30*}e en {\expndtw-30*}l conducto{\expn
dtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} 1 A, cul ser l{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30
*}nsidad d{\expndtw-30*} flujo en el e{\expndtw-30*}trehier{\expndtw-30*}o? \par
}

\f10 \fs21 3.- De{\expndtw-30*}ermine {\expndtw-30*}l v{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}o{\expndtw-30*} de l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}or{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-3
0*}nte que se {\expndtw-30*}equiere para establecer un flujo de 2.4 x 10\up5 \fs
13 - \par}
f10 \fs13 4\par}
\f10 \fs21 Wb en el circuito magntico mos{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw
-30*} en la siguien{\expndtw-30*}e fi{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}CER{\expndtw-30*} LAMIN{\expndtw-30*}DO \par}
f10 \fs23 I\par}
\f10 \fs23 N = 100 \par}
\f10 \fs23 a\par}
\f10 \fs23 b\par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}\par}
\f10 \fs23 d\par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 lcd = 0.{\expndtw-30*}03 m \par}
f10 \fs23 f\par}
\f10 \fs21 rea completa = 2 x10\up5 \fs13 -4\up0 \fs21 m\up5 \fs13 2 \par}
\f10 \fs23 e\par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 lab =lef =0.05m \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 laf =lbe = 0.0 2{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 lb{\expndtw-30*} = lde \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 4. {\expndtw-30*}esu{\expndtw-30*}tado{\expndtw-30*} y concl{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iones d{\expndtw-30*} la prcti{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
por {\expndtw-30*}arte del alum{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}niversidad Tecno{\expndtw-30*}gica de P{\expndtw30*}ebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 E{\expndtw-30*}ectricidad y Electr{\expndtw-30*}nica Indu{\expn
dtw-30*}trial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tores {\expndtw-30*}e i
p0 \f10 \fs35 Gua de Pr{\expndtw-30*}ticas \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Pr{\expndtw-30*}cticas de la unidad {\expndtw-30*} \par}

p0 \f10 \fs21 P{\expndtw-30*}CTICA No. 1 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 MEDIC{\expndtw-30*}N DE L{\expndtw-30*} RESISTE{\expndtw-30*}CIA {\
expndtw-30*}E LO{\expndtw-30*} D{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ANADO{\expndtw-30*}
DE {\expndtw-30*}N TRA{\expndtw-30*}SFORM{\expndtw-30*}DOR \par}
\f10 \fs21 Fe{\expndtw-30*}ha \par}
\f10 \fs21 No de alumnos por pr{\expndtw-30*}ti{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 Nombre y f{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}
l pro{\expndtw-30*}esor \par}
\f10 \fs21 No{\expndtw-30*}bre (s) d{\expndtw-30*}l alumn{\expndtw-30*} (s) \par
}
\f10 \fs21 Tiempo esti{\expndtw-30*}ado \par}
\f10 \fs21 No. de a{\expndtw-30*}umnos por repor{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 Calificacin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 1.- Objetivo. \par}
f10 \fs21 Medicin {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la resistencia de los devanados {\
expndtw-30*}e un transforma{\expndtw-30*}or por e{\expndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*}odo del \par}
\f10 \fs21 volt{\expndtw-30*} - {\expndtw-30*}mpe{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 2.- Ma{\expndtw-30*}eriales y/o equ{\expndtw-30*}pos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 a) .- Transform{\expndtw-30*}dor M{\expndtw-30*}nofsico d{\expndtw-30*
} {\expndtw-30*} x {\expndtw-30*} K{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
f10 \fs21 b).- 2 Mu{\expndtw-30*}tme{\expndtw-30*}ros \par}
f10 \fs21 c).- 12 Cable{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} conexin \par}
\f10 \fs21 d).- Fuente {\expndtw-30*}ariable de corriente {\expndtw-30*}i{\expnd
tw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ta ( 0 - 127 Volt ) \par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 3.- Desarrol{\expndtw-30*}o gener{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.- Conec{\expndtw-30*}e e{\expndtw-30*} t{\expndtw-30*}ansformador
como se ilustra en l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}igura sigu{\expndtw-30*}ente \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 2.- Co{\expndtw-30*}oq{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} los com{\expndtw30*}ndos d{\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-30*} f{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}e v{\exp
ndtw-30*}ri{\expndtw-30*}ble d{\expndtw-30*} corriente di{\expndtw-30*}ec{\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} en las \par}
\f10 \fs21 si{\expndtw-30*}uientes p{\expndtw-30*}sicione{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 a).- I{\expndtw-30*}terr{\expndtw-30*}pto{\expndtw-30*} de la fuente

abierto \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}).- Va{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}o{\ex
pndtw-30*} de volta{\expndtw-30*}e en cero vo{\expndtw-30*}ts \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.- Cierre el interrupt{\expndtw-30*}r d{\expndtw-30*} la fuente {\ex
pndtw-30*} re{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}le el {\expndtw-30*}oltaje hasta o{\exp
ndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}ner la p{\expndtw-30*}imera \par}
\f10 \fs21 lectura de cor{\expndtw-30*}iente indi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\
expndtw-30*}a en la t{\expndtw-30*}b{\expndtw-30*}a de m{\expndtw-30*}diciones \
par}
\f10 \fs21 4.- T{\expndtw-30*}me {\expndtw-30*}ota de{\expndtw-30*} vo{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}aje qu{\expndtw-30*} correspo{\expndtw-30*}de a la prime{\expn
dtw-30*}a corrien{\expndtw-30*}e estableci{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 5.- Rep{\expndtw-30*}ta la misma oper{\expndtw-30*}cin para {\expndtw
-30*}ada {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a de las corrientes post{\expndtw-30*}riore
s \par}
\f10 \fs21 6.- C{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}ul{\expndtw-30*} la resistencia p{
\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a cada lec{\expndtw-30*}ura de c{\expndtw-30*}rri{\ex
pndtw-30*}nte y {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}taje ob{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30
*}dos {\expndtw-30*}ara el \par}
\f10 \fs21 devanado de alta tensin \par}
\f10 \fs21 7.- {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lcul{\expndtw-30*} la resistenc{\expn
dtw-30*}a prome{\expndtw-30*}io p{\expndtw-30*}ra el {\expndtw-30*}evanado de al
t{\expndtw-30*} tensi{\expndtw-30*} del t{\expndtw-30*}ansfor{\expndtw-30*}ad{\ex
pndtw-30*}r \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}.- R{\expndtw-30*}alice la misma conexin para el devan{\
expndtw-30*}do de baja tensi{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*} repita los pasos de l
os \par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}ntos {\expndtw-30*}nte{\expndtw-30*}iores \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Te{\expndtw-30*}no{\expndtw-30*}gica d{\expndtw-30*
} Pue{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}in{\expndtw-30*} 86 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Ele{\expndtw-30*}tricidad y El{\expndtw-30*}ctrnic{\expndtw-30*}
Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tran{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ormadores y Motor{\expndtw-30*}s {\ex
pndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}nduccin \par}
f30 \fs16 A\par}
\f30 \fs20 1.1 \par}
\f30 \fs20 Dev.de A{\expndtw-30*}ta \par}
\f30 \fs20 Tensi{\expndtw-30*}n \par}

\f30 \fs16 + V1 \par}
f30 \fs16 +\par}
f30 \fs16 -\par}
\f30 \fs20 2.1 \par}
\f30 \fs20 Dev.de baj{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f30 \fs20 T{\expndtw-30*}nsin \par}
\f30 \fs20 2.2 \par}
\f30 \fs20 2.3 \par}
\f30 \fs20 1.{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f30 \fs20 1.2 \par}
\f30 \fs20 2.4 \par}
\f30 \fs20 1.4 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Tran{\expndtw-30*}f{\expndtw-30*}rm{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}or
Monofsic{\expndtw-30*} de 2 x 1 K{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 Dev{\expndtw-30*}na{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 Alt{\expndtw-30*} Ten{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
\f10 \fs21 Baja Tens{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}er{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ro Vo{\expn
dtw-30*}tmetro \par}
\f10 \fs21 0.40 \par}
\f10 \fs21 0.45 \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}.50 \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.0 \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.5 \par}
\f10 \fs21 4.0 \par}
\f10 \fs21 Rx \par}
\f10 \fs21 Rxm \par}
\f10 \fs21 Rx. Resistencia calculada para cada medicin \par}
f10 \fs21 Rxm. Resistenci{\expndtw-30*} promed{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de la

s {\expndtw-30*}res {\expndtw-30*}ediciones \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}.-Resulta{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} y concl{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}nes de l{\expndtw-30*} prcti{\expndtw-30*}a
por parte de{\expndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*}umno. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}gica de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elect{\expndtw-30*}icidad y El{\expndtw-30*}ctrn{\expndtw-30*}ca
Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Motores de ind{\expndtw-30*}ccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Gua de Prcticas \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Prctica{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e la {\expndtw-30*}nidad 3 \par
}
p0 \f10 \fs21 PRCTI{\expndtw-30*}A No. {\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 MEDICIN {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} LA {\expndtw-30*}ESISTENCIA DE
LOS DEVA{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}DOS DE UN TRANSFORMADOR \par}
\f10 \fs21 No de {\expndtw-30*}lum{\expndtw-30*}os por prctica \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ombre y firma del pr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}esor \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 Nom{\expndtw-30*}re (s) de{\expndtw-30*} alu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}o (s) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Tiempo e{\expndtw-30*}timado \par}
\f10 \fs21 N{\expndtw-30*}. de alumnos por re{\expndtw-30*}orte \par}
\f10 \fs21 H{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 Calific{\expndtw-30*}cin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 1.- O{\expndtw-30*}jeti{\expndtw-30*}o. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Obtene{\expndtw-30*} la relaci{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}ansf{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}acin de un transformador Monofsico \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 2.- Mat{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}iale{\expndtw-30*} y/{\expndtw30*} e{\expndtw-30*}uip{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
f10 \fs21 1 Amper{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}ro de {\expndtw-30*}.a \par}
f10 \fs21 1 Voltmetro de c.a \par}

\f10 \fs21 12 Cables de {\expndtw-30*}onexi{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
f10 \fs21 1 {\expndtw-30*}uente {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}ble de c.a \par}
f10 \fs21 1 Transformado{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}onof{\expndtw-30*}ico de 2 {
\expndtw-30*} 1 Kva \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 3.- Desarro{\expndtw-30*}lo general \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.- Conecte el transformador como s{\expndtw-30*} i{\expndtw-30*}ust
ra e{\expndtw-30*} la siguiente fi{\expndtw-30*}ura \par}
\f10 \fs21 2.- Colo{\expndtw-30*}ue los comandos de la fuen{\expndtw-30*}e v{\e
xpndtw-30*}riable de {\expndtw-30*}orrie{\expndtw-30*}te {\expndtw-30*}lt{\expnd
tw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}a en las siguientes \par}
\f10 \fs21 posicio{\expndtw-30*}es \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}).- Interrupt{\expndtw-30*}r de la fuente abierto \par
}
\f10 \fs21 b).- Var{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}or de voltaje en c{\expndtw-30*
}ro volts \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.- Cierre {\expndtw-30*}l in{\expndtw-30*}errupto{\expndtw-30*} de l
a fuente y {\expndtw-30*}egule el v{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}je
ha{\expndtw-30*}ta o{\expndtw-30*}tener la primera lectura \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ndicada en la ta{\expndtw-30*}la de mediciones \par}
\f10 \fs21 4.- Mida y anote e{\expndtw-30*} la t{\expndtw-30*}bla {\expndtw-30*}
e medic{\expndtw-30*}ones las tensiones secundari{\expndtw-30*}s corres{\expndtw
-30*}ondient{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 para cada {\expndtw-30*}ectur{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}el {\expnd
tw-30*}oltaje pr{\expndtw-30*}mar{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 5.- Ca{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}le y anote la relacin de tr{\expndt
w-30*}nsformac{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n indi{\expndtw-30*}idual par{\expndtw
-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ada uno d{\expndtw-30*} los \par}
\f10 \fs21 vol{\expndtw-30*}aj{\expndtw-30*}s obt{\expndtw-30*}nidos en l{\expn
dtw-30*} tab{\expndtw-30*}a . \par}
\f10 \fs21 6.- Calcu{\expndtw-30*}e el valor promed{\expndtw-30*}o con los 3 val
ores obtenidos de {\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lac{\expndtw-30*}n
de \par}
\f10 \fs21 transformacin \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universida{\expndtw-30*} Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}ica de P{\expndtw30*}ebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 E{\expndtw-30*}ectricidad y Electrni{\expndtw-30*}a Indu{\expndt

w-30*}trial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tra{\expndtw-30*}sfor{\expndtw-30*}adores y Motores de {\expndtw-30*}
\f30 \fs20 {\expndtw-30*}oltmetro \par}
f30 \fs16 V\par}
\f30 \fs20 1.1 \par}
\f30 \fs20 Fuente \par}
\f30 \fs20 de CA\dn4 \fs16 F \par}
\f30 \fs20 2.1 \par}
\f30 \fs20 2.2 \par}
\f30 \fs20 2.3 \par}
\f30 \fs20 {\expndtw-30*}.4 \par}
\f30 \fs20 1.3 \par}
f30 \fs16 V\par}
\f30 \fs20 1.2 \par}
\f30 \fs20 1.4 \par}
\f30 \fs20 Voltmetro \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Pru{\expndtw-30*}ba \par}
{\phpg\posx2748\pvpg\posy6019\absw124\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-2 \b \dn0 \up
0 \f10 \fs21 1\par}
0 \f10 \fs21 2\par}
0 \f10 \fs21 3\par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ensi{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 Prima{\expndtw-30*}ia \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 17{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 190 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 21{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Tensin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Rel{\expndtw-30*}cin de \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Secundaria Tran{\expndtw-30*}formacin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Relaci{\expndtw-30*} de \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Tra{\expndtw-30*}sf. Pro{\expndtw-30*} \par}

p0 \f10 \fs21 4.- Resultados y conc{\expndtw-30*}usiones {\expndtw-30*}e la prct{
\expndtw-30*}ca por {\expndtw-30*}arte {\expndtw-30*}el {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw
-30*}mno. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}versi{\expndtw-30*}ad Tec{\expndtw-30*}ol{\expn
dtw-30*}ica de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricid{\expndtw-30*}d y {\expndtw-30*}lectrnica Indus{\expnd
tw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transf{\expndtw-30*}rm{\expndtw-30*}dores y {\expndtw-30*}oto{\expndt
w-30*}es de {\expndtw-30*}nduccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 G{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de P{\expndtw-30*}ct{\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}as \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}rcticas de l{\expndtw-30*} unidad 3 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 PRC{\expndtw-30*}I{\expndtw-30*}A No. {\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 "POLAR{\expndtw-30*}DA{\expndtw-30*} DEL TRA{\expndtw-30*}SFO{\exp
ndtw-30*}MAD{\expndtw-30*}R POR EL {\expndtw-30*}ETODO DE {\expndtw-30*}OLPE IND
UCTIVO " \par}
\f10 \fs21 F{\expndtw-30*}ch{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 No de alu{\expndtw-30*}no{\expndtw-30*} por prctic{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ombre y firma del {\expndtw-30*}rofesor \par}
\f10 \fs21 N{\expndtw-30*}mbre (s) del alumno (s) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Tiem{\expndtw-30*}o estim{\expndtw-30*}do \par}
\f10 \fs21 Grup{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 No. de alumnos po{\expndtw-30*} r{\expndtw-30*}porte \par}
\f10 \fs21 Ca{\expndtw-30*}ificaci{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 1.- {\expndtw-30*}bjet{\expndtw-30*}v{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Ident{\expndtw-30*}ficar {\expndtw-30*}a pol{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}idad de las termin{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*} u{\expndtw-30*} transformad{\expndtw-30*}r \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}.- Materia{\expndtw-30*}es y/o equ{\expndtw-30*}pos.
\par}
f10 \fs21 1 Voltme{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o de c.d \par}
\f10 \fs21 12 C{\expndtw-30*}ble{\expndtw-30*} de conexi{\expndtw-30*} \par}

f10 \fs21 1 {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}nte variable de c.d \par}
f10 \fs21 1 {\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}sforma{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r Mo
nofsico de 2 x 1 K{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}.- Desarrollo general \par}
\f10 \fs21 a) Conecte el siguien{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}ircuito tal como s
e ilustra en l{\expndtw-30*} sigu{\expndtw-30*}ente figura \par}
f10 \fs21 b) {\expndtw-30*}ncie{\expndtw-30*}da la fu{\expndtw-30*}nte variab{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*} -d y regul{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-3
0*}l voltaje a 10 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lts . \par}
\f10 \fs21 c) {\expndtw-30*}onecte l{\expndtw-30*}s term{\expndtw-30*}nales de {
\expndtw-30*}a fuente de ali{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}acin al lado primario {
\expndtw-30*} marque \par}
\f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}mo positiva la terminal a la que s{\expndtw-30*} le a
{\expndtw-30*}lic{\expndtw-30*} la ter{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}na{\expndtw-30
*} pos{\expndtw-30*}tiva {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la fuente. \par}
\f10 \fs21 d) Conec{\expndtw-30*}e el vol{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}etro al lado
secundar{\expndtw-30*}o del transformador ta{\expndtw-30*} co{\expndtw-30*}o s{
\expndtw-30*} i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ra \par}
\f10 \fs21 en la fig{\expndtw-30*}ra . \par}
\f10 \fs21 e) Cie{\expndtw-30*}re {\expndtw-30*} abr{\expndtw-30*} el int{\expnd
tw-30*}rruptor observand{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} s{\expndtw-30*}ntido {\ex
pndtw-30*}e la Aguj{\expndtw-30*} del {\expndtw-30*}oltmetro, si \par}
\f10 \fs21 la a{\expndtw-30*}uja se mue{\expndtw-30*}e al interior de la escala,
la {\expndtw-30*}olari{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} de la terminal e{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}og{\expndtw-30*}da \par}
\f10 \fs21 del {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}o secundario {\expndtw-30*}s positiv
{\expndtw-30*}. Entonces {\expndtw-30*}anto las term{\expndtw-30*}nales conectad
as al \par}
\f10 \fs21 positivo de {\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ente como al
positivo del voltmetro son positivas, e{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}so de \par}
\f10 \fs21 que la aguja se d{\expndtw-30*}flex{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}e {\e
xpndtw-30*}n sentido contrari{\expndtw-30*}, te{\expndtw-30*}emos entonces q{\ex
pndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}erm{\expndtw-30*}nal que va al positivo del voltmet{\exp
ndtw-30*}o es negativ{\expndtw-30*} co{\expndtw-30*} resp{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}to a la terminal \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}el voltaje pos{\expndtw-30*}tivo de la fuente \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universi{\expndtw-30*}ad {\expndtw-30*}ecnolgica de Pue{\expndt
w-30*}la \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ina 90 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elec{\expndtw-30*}ri{\expndtw-30*}idad y Elec{\expndtw-30*}rnic{
\expndtw-30*} Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Motores de i{\expndtw-30*}duccin \par}
10 \fs21 .\par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 4.- Resultados y conclusiones de la pr{\expndtw-30*}tica {\expndtw30*}or parte del alumn{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 U{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ersidad Tecnolgica de {\expndtw-3
0*}u{\expndtw-30*}bla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}id{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
} y E{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}trnica Indu{\expndtw-30*}tri{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transfo{\expndtw-30*}ma{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*} {
\expndtw-30*} Mo{\expndtw-30*}ores de inducci{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Gua de {\expndtw-30*}rcticas \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Prcticas de la {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dad 3 \par
}
p0 \f10 \fs21 PRUEBA {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} VACIO PARA UN TA{\expndtw-30*}
SF{\expndtw-30*}RMADOR \par}
\f10 \fs21 No de alumnos {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} prctic{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ombre {\expndtw-30*} fi{\expndtw-30*}ma de{\expndtw-30*
} {\expndtw-30*}rofe{\expndtw-30*}or \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ombre (s) del a{\expndtw-30*}umno (s) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Tiempo estimado \par}
\f10 \fs21 No. de alumnos por re{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rte \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 1.- Objetivo. \par}
f10 \fs21 Medir las c{\expndtw-30*}rri{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tes absorbi{\e
xpndtw-30*}as por el trans{\expndtw-30*}ormad{\expndtw-30*}r sin ca{\expndtw-30*

}ga, para {\expndtw-30*}btener l as \par}
\f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}rdidas d{\expndtw-30*} po{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}
cia en e{\expndtw-30*} hierro {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}fect{\
expndtw-30*} de la histresi{\expndtw-30*} magntica \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 2.-Ma{\expndtw-30*}er{\expndtw-30*}ales y/o equi{\expndtw-30*}os.
\par}
f10 \fs21 1 Ampermet{\expndtw-30*}o de c.a \par}
f10 \fs21 1 Wattmetr{\expndtw-30*} monofsico \par}
f10 \fs21 1 Volt{\expndtw-30*}et{\expndtw-30*}o de c.a \par}
\f10 \fs21 12 Ca{\expndtw-30*}le{\expndtw-30*} de conexin \par}
\f10 \fs21 1 Fuente {\expndtw-30*}ar{\expndtw-30*}abl{\expndtw-30*} de c.a \par}
\f10 \fs21 1 T{\expndtw-30*}ansformado{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}onofsico {\exp
ndtw-30*}e 2 x 1 K{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
f10 \fs21 .\par}
up0 \f10 \fs21 3.- Desar{\expndtw-30*}ollo general. \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.- Conecte el tran{\expndtw-30*}fo{\expndtw-30*}mador como {\expndt
w-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}lustra en la siguiente figura \par}
\f10 \fs21 2.- Coloque {\expndtw-30*}os comandos de l{\expndtw-30*} f{\expndtw30*}ente varia{\expndtw-30*}le {\expndtw-30*}e c{\expndtw-30*}rri{\expndtw-30*}n
te alterna en las \par}
\f10 \fs21 sigu{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}osic
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nes \par}
\f10 \fs21 a).- Int{\expndtw-30*}rr{\expndtw-30*}ptor de la fuente abierto \par
}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}).- Va{\expndtw-30*}iador de {\expndtw-30*}oltaj{\expn
dtw-30*} en c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o volts \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.- Cierr{\expndtw-30*} el interr{\expndtw-30*}ptor de la fu{\expndtw
-30*}nte y regu{\expndtw-30*}e e{\expndtw-30*} voltaj{\expndtw-30*} h{\expndtw-3
0*}sta obtener la {\expndtw-30*}rimera \par}
\f10 \fs21 lec{\expndtw-30*}ura indicada en la ta{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\
expndtw-30*} de medicio{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 4.- Tome n{\expndtw-30*}ta de l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}otencia y
corri{\expndtw-30*}nte {\expndtw-30*}bs{\expndtw-30*}rbida qu{\expndtw-30*} cor
respon{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} al prim{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}taje estable{\expndtw-30*}ido \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}.- Repita {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} misma op{\expnd
tw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}in p{\expndtw-30*}ra cada uno de los {\expndt
w-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}jes posteriores \par}
\f10 \fs21 6.- Co{\expndtw-30*} los dat{\expndtw-30*}s obteni{\expndtw-30*}{\ex

pndtw-30*}s calcul{\expndtw-30*} el fac{\expndtw-30*}or de pot{\expndtw-30*}n{\e
xpndtw-30*}ia para cada m{\expndtw-30*}dici{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}versidad Tecnolgica de Pu{\expndtw-30*}bla \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electri{\expndtw-30*}idad y Electrnica Indust{\expndtw-30*}ia{\e
xpndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ormadores y Motore{\expn
dtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e induccin \par}
f30 \fs21 A\par}
f30 \fs21 W\par}
\f30 \fs28 Wattmetro \par}
\f30 \fs28 2.1 \par}
f30 \fs21 V\par}
\f30 \fs28 1.1 \par}
\f30 \fs28 1.2 \par}
\f30 \fs28 {\expndtw-30*}.4 \par}
\f30 \fs28 1.3 \par}
\f30 \fs28 2.2 \par}
\f30 \fs28 2.4 \par}
\f30 \fs28 2.3 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 4.- {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sultados {\expndtw-30*} conclus{\e
xpndtw-30*}on{\expndtw-30*}s de la prctica por pa{\expndtw-30*}te del al{\expndtw
-30*}mno. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}ver{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dad {\expndtw-3
0*}ecnolgica de Pueb{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y Electrnica I{\expndtw-30*}dustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformad{\expndtw-30*}res y Motor{\expndtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*} i
n{\expndtw-30*}uc{\expndtw-30*}in \par}

p0 \f10 \fs21 Gua de Prc{\expndtw-30*}icas \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 P{\expndtw-30*}cticas de la {\expndtw-30*}nidad 3 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 PRUEBA DE CORTO C{\expndtw-30*}RCUITO PARA UN TANSFORMADOR \par}
\f10 \fs21 Fe{\expndtw-30*}h{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 No de alumnos por pr{\expndtw-30*}ctica \par}
\f10 \fs21 Nombre y firma d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} profes{\expndtw-30*}r \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 No{\expndtw-30*}bre (s) del alumno (s) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Gr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 No. de {\expndtw-30*}lumnos po{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}porte \par}
\f10 \fs21 Hr{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}alificacin \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 1) Objetivo. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}).- Medir las corriente{\expndtw-30*} absorbi{\expndtw30*}as por el tran{\expndtw-30*}formador {\expndtw-30*}on el secundario \par}
\f10 \fs21 cor{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}circui{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}do.
\par}
f10 \fs21 b).- Determinar l{\expndtw-30*}s valores Ze, Re, y Xe para {\expndtw-3
0*}l lado prim{\expndtw-30*}rio del transformado{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}).- Determin{\expndtw-30*}r la perd{\expndtw-30*}da {\ex
pndtw-30*}e p{\expndtw-30*}tencia p{\expndtw-30*}r efecto Joule y e{\expndtw-30*
} facto{\expndtw-30*} de potencia con \par}
\f10 \fs21 el secundario cortoc{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}uit{\expndtw-30*}do
\par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 2) Mater{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} y/{\expndtw-3
0*} equip{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
\f10 \fs21 1\par}
\f10 \fs21 1\par}
\f10 \fs21 1\par}
\f10 \fs21 12 \par}
\f10 \fs21 Amper{\expndtw-30*}metro de c.a \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}attmetro mono{\expndtw-30*}sico \par}

\f10 \fs21 Voltmetro de c.a \par}
\f10 \fs21 Cab{\expndtw-30*}es d{\expndtw-30*} conexin \par}
\f10 \fs23 1 Fuente varia{\expndtw-30*}le de c.a \par}
\f10 \fs23 1 Tran{\expndtw-30*}for{\expndtw-30*}ador Monof{\expndtw-30*}ico de 2
x 1 {\expndtw-30*}va \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 3) Desarroll{\expndtw-30*} gen{\expndtw-30*}ral. \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.- Conecte el transfo{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}dor como {\expndt
w-30*}e ilustra en {\expndtw-30*}a siguient{\expndtw-30*} figura. \par}
\f10 \fs21 2.- Coloque los comandos {\expndtw-30*}e la fuent{\expndtw-30*} vari
able de corriente alte{\expndtw-30*}na {\expndtw-30*}n las \par}
\f10 \fs21 siguientes po{\expndtw-30*}iciones. \par}
\f10 \fs21 a).- Interrupt{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}a f{\exp
ndtw-30*}ente a{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}to \par}
\f10 \fs21 b).- Variador d{\expndtw-30*} volta{\expndtw-30*}e en cero {\expndtw
-30*}olts \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.- Cierre el interrupto{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e la f{\expndtw30*}en{\expndtw-30*}e y regule {\expndtw-30*}l voltaje has{\expndtw-30*}a {\expn
dtw-30*}btener la prime{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rri{\expndtw-30*}nte {\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}cada {\expndtw-30*}n la {\expndtw-30*}abla d{\expndtw-30
*} mediciones \par}
\f10 \fs21 4.- To{\expndtw-30*}e nota de l{\expndtw-30*} poten{\expndtw-30*}ia y
vo{\expndtw-30*}taje que correspo{\expndtw-30*}de a la {\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw
-30*}mer{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}orrie{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 U{\expndtw-30*}iversi{\expndtw-30*}ad {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}cnolgic{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}bla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Ele{\expndtw-30*}tricidad y Electrnica Ind{\expndtw-30*}strial \
par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}rans{\expndtw-30*}ormadores y Mo{\expndtw-30*}ore{\expn
dtw-30*} de i{\expndtw-30*}duccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 establ{\expndtw-30*}cida \par}
\f10 \fs21 5.- Repita l{\expndtw-30*} mi{\expndtw-30*}ma operacin {\expndtw-30*}a
r{\expndtw-30*} cada u{\expndtw-30*}o de l{\expndtw-30*}s corrientes posteri{\ex
pndtw-30*}res \par}
\f10 \fs21 6.- Con los dat{\expndtw-30*}s o{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}id{\expndtw-30*}s c{\expndtw-30*}lcu{\expndtw-30*}e el factor de pot{\expn

dtw-30*}ncia para cada med{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
f10 \fs21 7.- Con los datos obteni{\expndtw-30*}os c{\expndtw-30*}lcu{\expndtw-3
0*}e la Re, Xe y la Ze para un valor no{\expndtw-30*}inal de \par}
\f10 \fs21 corrient{\expndtw-30*} en el lado p{\expndtw-30*}imario del transform
ador \par}
30 \fs15 A\par}
30 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}\par}
\f30 \fs23 W{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}met \par}
30 \fs15 V\par}
\f30 \fs23 1.1 \par}
\f30 \fs23 1.2 \par}
\f30 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}.4 \par}
\f30 \fs23 1.{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f30 \fs23 2.1 \par}
\f30 \fs23 2.2 \par}
\f30 \fs23 2.{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f30 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}.3 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Isc \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 2.0 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 2.5 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 3.0 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 3.5 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 4.0 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}.5 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 V{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}cc \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Co{\expndtw-30*}\dn4 \fs15 {\ul \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMB
OL 113 \\f Symbol }}} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 4) Resultado{\expndtw-30*} y conclusi{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e
s {\expndtw-30*}e l{\expndtw-30*} pr{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ic{\expndtw-30*
} por {\expndtw-30*}arte del alum{\expndtw-30*}o. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad {\expndtw-30*}ecn{\expndtw-30*}lgica de Puebla \par

}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}ina 9{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elec{\expndtw-30*}ricidad y Electr{\expndtw-30*}ica Industrial \
par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ransform{\expndtw-30*}dores y Mot{\expndtw-30*}res de i
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs38 Gua de Prct{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
p0 \f10 \fs27 Prct{\expndtw-30*}cas {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la unidad 4 \par
}
p0 \f10 \fs23 PR{\expndtw-30*}CTICA No. 1 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 CONST{\expndtw-30*}UCCIN DE UN M{\expndtw-30*}TOR EXPERIMENTAL \par
}
\f10 \fs23 No d{\expndtw-30*} alumnos por prctica \par}
\f10 \fs23 Nombre y firma del pro{\expndtw-30*}eso{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 No. de alumnos por r{\expndtw-30*}por{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs23 Nombre (s) del al{\expndtw-30*}mno (s) \par}
\f10 \fs23 T{\expndtw-30*}emp{\expndtw-30*} estimado \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 1. O{\expndtw-30*}je{\expndtw-30*}ivo. \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nstruccin de un motor {\expndtw-30*}xperim
ental {\expndtw-30*}e cor{\expndtw-30*}iente {\expndtw-30*}irecta \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 2. M{\expndtw-30*}teriales y/o equip{\expndtw-30*}s. \par}
ullet }\par}
bullet }\par}
bullet }\par}
bullet }\par}
bullet }\par}
bullet }\par}

bullet }\par}
bullet }\par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}na {\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}lcali{\
expndtw-30*}a de ti{\expndtw-30*}o ' D ' \par}
\f10 \fs21 Una goma {\expndtw-30*}nch{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 Dos cli{\expndtw-30*}s de papel {\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}des \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 Un imn de c{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ica recta{\expndtw-30*}gular \
par}
\f10 \fs21 Cable de co{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}smalta{\expnd
tw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}rueso (d{\expndtw-30*}l tip{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}o
n el esm{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}te aisla{\expndtw-30*}te rojo) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Un tu{\expndtw-30*}o d{\expndtw-30*} papel h{\expndtw-30*}gi{\expndtw
-30*}ico o de cocina \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pa{\expndtw-30*}el de lija Fi{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}pcional: Pegamento, blo{\expndtw-30*}ue peque{\expndtw30*} de madera para la base. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 3. Desarrollo g{\expndtw-30*}neral. \par}
\f10 \fs23 C{\expndtw-30*}n la explicacin {\expndtw-30*}revia del maestro acerca
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}l funcio{\expndtw-30*}am{\expndtw-30*}ento bsico de
\par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}n motor de {\expndtw-30*}orriente directa, arm{\expndt
w-30*} {\expndtw-30*}l motor experim{\expndtw-30*}nt{\expndtw-30*}l siguiendo la
s \par}
\f10 \fs23 siguientes Instrucciones. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}gina 96 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Ele{\expndtw-30*}tricidad y Ele{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}n{\e
xpndtw-30*}ca Industria{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ransformadores y Motores de ind{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}N{\expndtw-30*}T{\expndtw-30*}U{\expndtw-30*}CIONES
\par}
\f10 \fs21 Comen{\expndtw-30*}ando c{\expndtw-30*}rca de 3 pulgad{\expndtw-30*}s
del e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}remo {\expndtw-30*}el ca{\expndtw-30*}le, e{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}lva{\expndtw-30*}o 7 veces a{\expndtw-30
*}reded{\expndtw-30*}r \par}

\f10 \fs21 del tubo del pa{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}. {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}l t{\expndtw-30*}bo ({\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}ted no l{\expndtw-30*} neces{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}). C
ort{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} cable, dejando un \par}
\f10 \fs21 sobrante {\expndtw-30*}e 3 pulg{\expndtw-30*}das enfrente d{\expndtw30*}l {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}to de p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tida o{\ex
pndtw-30*}igina{\expndtw-30*}. En{\expndtw-30*}uelva {\expndtw-30*}os dos extre{
\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 sobrantes alreded{\expndtw-30*}r de l{\expndtw-30*} bobina para fijar
la y ex{\expndtw-30*}iend{\expndtw-30*} los dos extremos \par}
\f10 \fs21 perpe{\expndtw-30*}dicu{\expndtw-30*}arm{\expndtw-30*}nte a la bobin{
\expndtw-30*}. Vea la {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}guiente ilust{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}cin: \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Nota:\b0 As{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}se de {\ex
pndtw-30*}entrar los dos {\expndtw-30*}xtremo{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e los
do{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}dos de la b{\expndtw-30*}bina. {\ex
pndtw-30*}l balance es \par}
\f10 \fs21 im{\expndtw-30*}ortante. Es aconsejable {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}
er una gota del pega{\expndtw-30*}ento dond{\expndtw-30*} el extre{\expndtw-30*}
o del cable \par}
\f10 \fs21 envuelve la {\expndtw-30*}obina para e{\expndtw-30*}it{\expndtw-30*}r
que se deslice. \par}
f10 \fs21 En un ext{\expndtw-30*}emo, util{\expndtw-30*}ce el {\expndtw-30*}apel
{\expndtw-30*}e lija fino {\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}uitar {\
expndtw-30*}otalmente {\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}islan{\expndtw-30*}e del {\e
xpndtw-30*}able. Deje \par}
f10 \fs21 c{\expndtw-30*}rca de 1/4 " de a{\expndtw-30*}sl{\expndtw-30*}nte {\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} el extr{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*} donde el cable se
{\expndtw-30*}a enrrollado a la bobina. Par{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 el otro extre{\expndtw-30*}o, ponga la bobina p{\expndtw-30*}a{\expnd
tw-30*}a sobre una super{\expndtw-30*}icie y lj{\expndtw-30*}lo s{\expndtw-30*}av
emente slo por l{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}arte superior para eli{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}ar el
aislam{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}o de slo la {\expndtw-30*}itad super{\expndt
w-30*}or del cabl{\expndtw-30*}. Una vez \par}
f10 \fs21 m{\expndtw-30*} deje 1/{\expndtw-30*} " de a{\expndtw-30*}slant{\expndt
w-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}mpl{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o en el {\expndtw-30*}xtr{\
expndtw-30*}mo y dond{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}able en{\expnd
tw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}elve la bo{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}na. \par}
\f10 \fs21 Do{\expndtw-30*}le lo{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}s clips de pa{\ex
pndtw-30*}el de la sigui{\expndtw-30*}nte forma (unos alica{\expndtw-30*}es p{\e
xpndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nos {\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}unta pueden \par}
\f10 \fs21 s {\expndtw-30*}r \par}
\f10 \fs21 tiles \par}
\f10 \fs21 aqu): \par}

\f10 \fs21 Pegue el imn de c{\expndtw-30*}rmica e{\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-30*} {\
expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ra de la bater{\expndtw-30*}a segn lo mostrado: \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecn{\expndtw-30*}lgica de Pu{\expndtw-30*}bla \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ina 97 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}lectricid{\expndtw-30*}d {\expndtw-30*} El{\expnd
tw-30*}ctrnica Ind{\expndtw-30*}str{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsfor{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}es y
Motores de i{\expndtw-30*}duccin \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}oloque la b{\expndtw-30*}bi{\expndtw-30*}a e{\expndtw-30
*} la horqu{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}la formada por los extremos {\expndtw-30*
}e la {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}echa de los {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}ps d
{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}l. Es posible que usted deba ayudar{\exp
ndtw-30*}o a empeza{\expndtw-30*} a g{\expndtw-30*}rar pero {\expndtw-30*}{\expn
dtw-30*}be comenzar {\expndtw-30*} gir{\expndtw-30*}r \par}
f10 \fs21 rpidamen{\expndtw-30*}e. {\expndtw-30*}i {\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}, cercire{\expndtw-30*}e de que ha sido {\expndtw-30
*}limina{\expndtw-30*}o todo el a{\expndtw-30*}sla{\expndtw-30*}te de l{\expndtw
-30*}s \par}
\f10 \fs21 extrem{\expndtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*}l cabl{\expndtw-30*}. Si gira ir
regularmente, cercirese de q{\expndtw-30*}e los ext{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}mo
s es{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}entrados \par}
f10 \fs21 en l{\expndtw-30*}s laterale{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e la bobi{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}. Observ{\expndtw-30*} q{\expndtw-30*}e el mo{\expndtw-3
0*}or est{\expndtw-30*} "en fase" sol{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ente {\expndtw30*}uando se \par}
\f10 \fs21 sostiene horizonta{\expndtw-30*}mente (se{\expndtw-30*}n lo mostrado e
n e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}rfi{\expndtw-30*}o). \par}
f10 \fs21 Para mo{\expndtw-30*}tra{\expndtw-30*}lo, usted necesitar probablement{
\expndtw-30*} const{\expndtw-30*}uir una horquilla pe{\expndtw-30*}ue{\expndtw-30
*} para \par}
f10 \fs21 s{\expndtw-30*}stener el motor e{\expndtw-30*} la {\expndtw-30*}osici{\
expndtw-30*} aprop{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}a. {\expndtw-30*}uede ser q{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} tambi{\expndtw-30*} ayude el {\expndtw-30*}obla{\expndtw-3
0*} los \par}
f10 \fs21 e{\expndtw-30*}tremos de la bobina {\expndtw-30*}n poco, de modo que c
omo se des{\expndtw-30*}iza a la derecha {\expndtw-30*} a la \par}
f10 \fs21 izquierda, \par}
\f10 \fs21 los \par}

f10 \fs21 dobl{\expndtw-30*}ces \par}
\f10 \fs21 lo \par}
\f10 \fs21 ma{\expndtw-30*}tengan \par}
\f10 \fs21 l{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 posici{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs21 ap{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}iada: \par}
\f10 \fs23 Aqu est un di{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}ama d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*} {\expndtw-30*}otor ac{\expndtw-30*}ba{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
\f10 \fs21 4. Result{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}os y conclusiones de la pr{\expn
dtw-30*}ctica por part{\expndtw-30*} del alumno. \par}
\f10 \fs19 Pgina de Inte{\expndtw-30*}net de cons{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}a \
par}
\f10 \fs19 http://{\expndtw-30*}ly.{\expndtw-30*}iwa{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}.{\expndtw-30*}et/~pa{\expndtw-30*}me{\expndtw-30*}/motor_sp.h{\expndtw-30*}ml
\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30*}rsidad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}ica de Puebla \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Pg{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}8 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electr{\expndtw-30*}cidad y Elect{\expndtw-30*}nica I{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}ustr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tra{\expndtw-30*}sform{\expndtw-30*}dores y Motores de indu{\expndtw30*}cin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs38 Gua {\expndtw-30*}e Prcticas \par}
p0 \f10 \fs27 {\expndtw-30*}rctica{\expndtw-30*} de la un{\expndtw-30*}dad 5 \par
}
p0 \f10 \fs23 PRCTICA {\expndtw-30*}o 1. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 MO{\expndtw-30*}OR DE FASE DIVIDIDA \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}echa \par}
\f10 \fs23 No de alumnos {\expndtw-30*}or pr{\expndtw-30*}tica \par}
\f10 \fs23 Nombre {\expndtw-30*} firma del pro{\expndtw-30*}esor \par}
\f10 \fs23 Gr{\expndtw-30*}po \par}
\f10 \fs23 No. {\expndtw-30*}e alu{\expndtw-30*}nos {\expndtw-30*}or repor{\expn
dtw-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs23 N{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}bre (s) d{\expndtw-30*}l alumno (s) \par

}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}ie{\expndtw-30*}po estimado \par}
bullet }\par}
bullet }\par}
bullet }\par}
\f10 \fs21 Estudiar la estructura {\expndtw-30*}e un motor de fase di{\expndtw-3
0*}idida \par}
\f10 \fs21 M{\expndtw-30*}dir la res{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}encia de sus de
va{\expndtw-30*}ados \par}
f10 \fs21 Ent{\expndtw-30*}nder como se {\expndtw-30*}uede crea{\expndtw-30*} un
campo {\expndtw-30*}agn{\expndtw-30*}ico girat{\expndtw-30*}rio a par{\expndtw-3
0*}i{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 de una pot{\expndtw-30*}ncia monofsica \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 2. Mater{\expndtw-30*}ales y/o equipos. \par}
\f10 \fs23 a) .- Motor de fas{\expndtw-30*} di{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}d{\ex
pndtw-30*}da \par}
\f10 \fs21 b).- 2 Mu{\expndtw-30*}tmetros \par}
\f10 \fs21 c).- Cables de conexin \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}).- Fuente de e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rga ( 127 Vc
{\expndtw-30*} ) \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}).- {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}armado
{\expndtw-30*} plano \par}
\f10 \fs21 f).- 2 llaves espaolas de 3/{\expndtw-30*}6 \par}
\f10 \fs21 g).- 1 Martil{\expndtw-30*}o de bola de {\expndtw-30*}lsti{\expndtw-3
0*}o dur{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 D{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}rrollo ge{\expndtw-30*}er{\expndtw-30*
}l. \par}
\f10 \fs21 1.- Abra el motor e identifique cada una de s{\expndtw-30*}s partes p
rincipale{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 2.- Dibuje y an{\expndtw-30*}te c{\expndtw-30*}da un{\expndtw-30*} d
e su{\expndtw-30*} partes \par}
\f10 \fs21 3.- Analice cuida{\expndtw-30*}osa{\expndtw-30*}ente el int{\expndtw
-30*}rruptor centr{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}o y de u{\expndtw-30*}a breve e{\e
xpndtw-30*}plicac{\expndtw-30*}n d{\expndtw-30*} \par}

\f10 \fs21 su funcio{\expndtw-30*}amient{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 4.- Mi{\expndtw-30*}a y anote la resistencia de cada devanado \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnolgica de P{\expndtw-30*}ebl{\expndtw-30*} \par
}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electr{\expndtw-30*}cidad y {\expndtw-30*}lectrnica Industrial \
par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsf{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ador{\expndtw-30*}s y
Motor{\expndtw-30*}s {\expndtw-30*}e in{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 Nota : \par}
f10 \fs21 E{\expndtw-30*} dev{\expndtw-30*}nado {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}nc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}al {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}l {\expnd
tw-30*}stator {\expndtw-30*}ie{\expndtw-30*}e mu{\expndtw-30*}has vueltas de al{
\expndtw-30*}mbre de \par}
f10 \fs21 di{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o g{\expndtw-30*}ues{\expn
dtw-30*} y ti{\expndtw-30*}ne poca resist{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw30*}a {\expndtw-30*} elevada re{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tan{\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}a . \par}
\f10 \fs21 El {\expndtw-30*}evanado de arranqu{\expndtw-30*} de e{\expndtw-30*}t
ator {\expndtw-30*}e compone {\expndtw-30*}e un numer{\expndtw-30*} meno{\expndt
w-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30*} vuelt{\expndtw-30*}s de alambre {\expndtw-30*}e men{\e
xpndtw-30*}r dimetr{\expndtw-30*} y ti{\expndtw-30*}ne elevada resistencia {\expn
dtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 baja reactancia . \par}
\f10 \fs21 5.- Mencione cuantos polos hay, respe{\expndtw-30*}tivamen{\expndtw-3
0*}e en el d{\expndtw-30*}v{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ado de o{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n y en el \par}
\f10 \fs21 de{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nado de arranque. \par}
\f10 \fs21 6.- Por {\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*} debe de di{\expndtw-30*}erir el
devanado auxili{\expndtw-30*}r de{\expndtw-30*} principal en un mot{\expndtw-30
*}r de fase div{\expndtw-30*}did{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 7.- Conecte el circuito que s{\expndtw-30*} ilustra en la sig{\expndt
w-30*}iente fi{\expndtw-30*}ura. \par}
20 \fs21 -\par}
f20 \fs21 -\f10 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}erre {\expndtw-30*}l inte{\expndtw30*}ruptor del cir{\expndtw-30*}uito y co{\expndtw-30*}teste a {\expndtw-30*}a s
iguientes pre{\expndtw-30*}untas: \par}

f10 \fs21 a).- Cual es el v{\expndtw-30*}lt{\expndtw-30*}je y corri{\expndtw-30*
}nte qu{\expndtw-30*} se obser{\expndtw-30*}an en los di{\expndtw-30*}positivos
de m{\expndtw-30*}dicin en e{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 arranque de{\expndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*
}. \par}
\f10 \fs21 b).- Cual es el vo{\expndtw-30*}taje y {\expndtw-30*}orr{\expndtw-30*
}ente que s{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}bser{\expndtw-30*}an en lo{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}isp{\expndtw-30*}sitiv{\expndtw-30*}s de medicin dur{\expndtw-30*}
nte \par}
\f10 \fs21 la op{\expndtw-30*}racin nor{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
\f10 \fs21 c).- Menc{\expndtw-30*}on{\expndtw-30*} si {\expndtw-30*}on {\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*}uales lo{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw
-30*}me{\expndtw-30*}ro{\expndtw-30*} de medi{\expndtw-30*}in y explique su respu
es{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 d).- Expli{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e brevemente c{\expndtw-30*}no
se pue{\expndtw-30*}e inver{\expndtw-30*}ir la r{\expndtw-30*}tacin de {\expndtw30*}n mot{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} fase d{\expndtw-30*}v{\exp
ndtw-30*}did{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f30 \fs16 S1 \par}
f30 \fs16 A\par}
\f30 \fs20 {\expndtw-30*}uente \par}
\f30 \fs16 120V Fu \par}
\f30 \fs16 V\par}
\f30 \fs20 Devanado \par}
0 \f30 \fs20 Prin{\expndtw-30*}ipal \par}
\f30 \fs20 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}vanado \par}
\f30 \fs20 A{\expndtw-30*}xiliar \par}
0 \f30 \fs20 I{\expndtw-30*}terruptor \par}
0 \f30 \fs20 c{\expndtw-30*}ntrifugo \par}
\f10 \fs21 e).- C{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}u{\expndtw-30*}ar {\expndtw-30*}l
Par no{\expndtw-30*}inal con los dato{\expndtw-30*} de {\expndtw-30*}laca del m{
\expndtw-30*}tor \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universi{\expndtw-30*}ad Te{\expndtw-30*}nol{\expndtw-30*}ica d
e Puebla \par}

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elec{\expndtw-30*}ricidad y El{\expndtw-30*}ctrnic{\expndtw-30*}
Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Trans{\expndtw-30*}orma{\expndtw-30*}ores y {\expndtw-30*}otores de {
\expndtw-30*}nduccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 f).- Acople una carga al m{\expndtw-30*}tor ( Freno {\expndtw-30*}lec
tromagn{\expndtw-30*}tico) \par}
f10 \fs21 U{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lice y ajuste {\expndtw-30*}l freno el{\e
xpndtw-30*}ctrom{\expndtw-30*}g{\expndtw-30*}tico como disposi{\expndtw-30*}ivo d
e c{\expndtw-30*}rga, y obtenga lo{\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 parmetr{\expndtw-30*}s qu{\expndtw-30*} se indica{\expndtw-30*} en la t
abla, desde par inicial cero hasta {\expndtw-30*}le{\expndtw-30*}a carga \par}
\f10 \fs21 Ano{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r en la {\expndtw-30*}igui{\expndtw-30
*}{\expndtw-30*}te ta{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}os valo{\expndt
w-30*}es {\expndtw-30*}orrespondien{\expndtw-30*}es obtenid{\expndtw-30*}{\expnd
tw-30*} dur{\expndtw-30*}nte la \par}
f10 \fs21 prctica \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pa{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 V .ent \par}
10 \fs21 T={\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs21 T \par}
f10 \fs21 T \par}
\f10 \fs21 4/4 T \par}
\f10 \fs21 I {\expndtw-30*}rra{\expndtw-30*}que \par}
f10 \fs21 Ve{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}idad \par}
f10 \fs21 I ma{\expndtw-30*}cha \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pent \par}
\f10 \fs21 P{\expndtw-30*}al \par}
\f10 \fs21 g).- C{\expndtw-30*}lcule la eficiencia del motor para e{\expndtw-30*
} valor nomina{\expndtw-30*} de t{\expndtw-30*}abajo \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 4. Resultad{\expndtw-30*}s y con{\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}s{\ex
pndtw-30*}ones de {\expndtw-30*}a pr{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}ica por parte d
e{\expndtw-30*} alumno. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad {\expndtw-30*}ec{\expndtw-30*}olgica de Pue{\expndt
w-30*}la \par}

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electric{\expndtw-30*}dad y Elec{\expndtw-30*}rnic{\expndtw-30*}
{\expndtw-30*}ndustrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ra{\expndtw-30*}sf{\expndtw-30*}rmado{\expndtw-30*}es y
Motores de {\expndtw-30*}ndu{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
p0 \f10 \fs38 Gua de Prcticas \par}
p0 \f10 \fs27 P{\expndtw-30*}cticas {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la unidad 5 \par
}
p0 \f10 \fs23 PRCTICA {\expndtw-30*}o 2. \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 EL MOTOR DE FASE {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}IDIDA {
\expndtw-30*}E ARRA{\expndtw-30*}QUE POR CAPA{\expndtw-30*}IT{\expndtw-30*}R \pa
r}
\f10 \fs23 No de alum{\expndtw-30*}os por prcti{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs23 Nombre y firma d{\expndtw-30*}l profesor \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o \par}
\f10 \fs23 No. de alu{\expndtw-30*}no{\expndtw-30*} por {\expndtw-30*}eporte \pa
r}
\f10 \fs23 Nombre (s) del al{\expndtw-30*}mno ({\expndtw-30*}) \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 1. O{\expndtw-30*}jetivo. \par}
\f10 \fs23 a).- Medir las caracter{\expndtw-30*}ticas de arranque y fu{\expndtw-3
0*}{\expndtw-30*}ion{\expndtw-30*}mi{\expndtw-30*}nto {\expndtw-30*}el mot{\expn
dtw-30*}r con \par}
\f10 \fs23 arranqu{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} c{\expndtw-30*}pa
cito{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}).- Com{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rar su fu{\expndtw-3
0*}cion{\expndtw-30*}miento d{\expndtw-30*}rante el arranqu{\expndtw-30*} y oper
aci{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw-30*}ont{\expndtw-30*}nua co{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 e{\expndtw-30*} del motor m{\expndtw-30*}nof{\expndtw-30*}ico de fase
{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}id{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 2. {\expndtw-30*}ateriales y/o equipo{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs23 a) .- Motor de f{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndtw-30*}ivi{\exp
ndtw-30*}ida\fs21 de arranq{\expndtw-30*}e por c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ac{
\expndtw-30*}tor \par}
\f10 \fs21 b).- 2 M{\expndtw-30*}ltmetros \par}
\f10 \fs21 c).- Cables d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}onexin \par}
\f10 \fs21 d).- Fuente de energa ( {\expndtw-30*}27 Vca ) \par}

\f10 \fs21 e).- 1 {\expndtw-30*}esarmador plan{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 f).- {\expndtw-30*} llaves espaola{\expndtw-30*} de 3/16 \par}
\f10 \fs21 g).- 1 Martillo {\expndtw-30*}e bol{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}e pls
tico duro \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}alificacin \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30*}ve{\expndtw-30*}si{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}
d Te{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}lg{\expndtw-30*}ca de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}gin{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}02 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electricidad y {\expndtw-30*}lectrnica Industrial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsfor{\expndtw-30*}adores y Motores de induccin \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 3. Desarrollo general. \par}
\f10 \fs23 a).- Cone{\expndtw-30*}te el circuito tal como se ilustra {\expndtw-3
0*}n la sigu{\expndtw-30*}ente f{\expndtw-30*}gur{\expndtw-30*}: \par}
\f30 \fs16 S1 \par}
f30 \fs16 {\expndtw-30*}\par}
\f30 \fs20 Fuen{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
\f30 \fs16 120V Fu \par}
f30 \fs16 V\par}
\f30 \fs20 Devanado \par}
\f30 \fs20 Pri{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}pal \par}
\f30 \fs16 C1 \par}
\f30 \fs16 {\expndtw-30*}8{\expndtw-30*} uF \par}
\f30 \fs20 {\expndtw-30*}evanado \par}
\f30 \fs20 Auxiliar \par}
\f30 \fs20 Inte{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}or \par
}
\f30 \fs20 centrifugo \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}).- Calcular el Par nomin{\expndtw-30*}l c{\expndtw-30*}
n lo{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}atos de placa del motor \par}

\f10 \fs21 c).- A{\expndtw-30*}ople una carg{\expndtw-30*} al {\expndtw-30*}otor
( Fr{\expndtw-30*}no electr{\expndtw-30*}magntico) \par}
f10 \fs21 Utilice y a{\expndtw-30*}uste el fren{\expndtw-30*} electromag{\expndt
w-30*}tico como dispositi{\expndtw-30*}o de carga, y obtenga los \par}
f10 \fs21 p{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}tros que se {\expndtw-30*}n
dic{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} en la tabla, desd{\expndtw-30*} pa{\expndtw-30*}
i{\expndtw-30*}icial cero hasta plena ca{\expndtw-30*}ga \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}) Cie{\expndtw-30*}re e{\expndtw-30*} inter{\expndtw-30
*}uptor del circuito y anote en la siguient{\expndtw-30*} tabla lo{\expndtw-30*}
valores \par}
\f10 \fs23 cor{\expndtw-30*}espondient{\expndtw-30*}s obt{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndt
w-30*}do{\expndtw-30*} du{\expndtw-30*}ante la\fs21 prcti{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ar \par}
\f10 \fs21 V .e{\expndtw-30*}t \par}
10 \fs21 T=0 \par}
\f10 \fs21 T \par}
\f10 \fs21 T \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}/4 {\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 I arr{\expndtw-30*}nq{\expndtw-30*}e \par}
f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}eloc{\expndtw-30*}dad \par}
f10 \fs21 I marcha \par}
\f10 \fs21 Pent \par}
\f10 \fs21 Psal \par}
\f10 \fs21 e).- Cual e{\expndtw-30*} el vol{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}j{\expndt
w-30*} y corr{\expndtw-30*}ente que se obser{\expndtw-30*}an en lo{\expndtw-30*}
d{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}posit{\expndtw-30*}vos de med{\expndtw-30*}cin en e
l \par}
\f10 \fs21 para una carga i{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 f).- Cual es el v{\expndtw-30*}ltaje y corrie{\expndtw-30*}te que se
obse{\expndtw-30*}van en l{\expndtw-30*}s disposit{\expndtw-30*}vo{\expndtw-30*
} de med{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}urant{\expndtw30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 l{\expndtw-30*} operac{\expndtw-30*}n normal \par}
\f10 \fs21 g).- Co{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}are e{\expndtw-30*}tos valores co
n los q{\expndtw-30*}e se obtuvieron para un motor de fa{\expndtw-30*}e {\expndt
w-30*}ividida \par}
\f10 \fs21 h).- Explique brevemente c{\expndtw-30*}no se puede invertir la rota
cin de {\expndtw-30*}n m{\expndtw-30*}tor {\expndtw-30*}e fase d{\expndtw-30*}vid

id{\expndtw-30*} \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 4. Resulta{\expndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*} concl{\expndtw-30*}sion
es de la prctica {\expndtw-30*}or parte del {\expndtw-30*}lumno. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Universidad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}a de Pu{\expndtw
-30*}bla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electr{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}dad y Electrnica Ind{\expndtw
-30*}stria{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadore{\expndtw-30*} y {\expndtw-30*}oto{\expndtw-30*}{\expnd
tw-30*}s de in{\expndtw-30*}uccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs38 Gua de P{\expndtw-30*}ctic{\expndtw-30*}s \par}
p0 \f10 \fs27 Prcticas de l{\expndtw-30*} uni{\expndtw-30*}ad 6 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 PRCTIC{\expndtw-30*} No. _1_ \par}
p0 \f10 \fs21 "OBTENCIN DEL {\expndtw-30*}I{\expndtw-30*}CUI{\expndtw-30*}{\expnd
tw-30*} EQUI{\expndtw-30*}A{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}NTE DE U{\expndtw-30*} MO
TOR TRIF{\expndtw-30*}ICO DE \par}
0 \f10 \fs21 I{\expndtw-30*}DU{\expndtw-30*}CI{\expndtw-30*}N" \par}
\f10 \fs23 Fech{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 No d{\expndtw-30*} al{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*}or
pr{\expndtw-30*}tica \par}
\f10 \fs23 Nombre y firma del profesor \par}
\f10 \fs23 N{\expndtw-30*}. de alumno{\expndtw-30*} por {\expndtw-30*}eporte \pa
r}
\f10 \fs23 Nombre ({\expndtw-30*}) de{\expndtw-30*} alumno (s) \par}
\f10 \fs23 Tiempo es{\expndtw-30*}imado \par}
f10 \fs21 a) Obten{\expndtw-30*}r l{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}{
\expndtw-30*}iente de excita{\expndtw-30*}in y la potencia {\expndtw-30*}n v{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o de un {\expndtw-30*}otor trifsico {\expndt
w-30*}e \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}nduccin pa{\expndtw-30*}a emplear{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw
-30*}s en la ob{\expndtw-30*}en{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}el cir
cu{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*} equivalent{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
f10 \fs21 b) Obtener el vol{\expndtw-30*}aje y la pote{\expndtw-30*}cia a rotor
bloquea{\expndtw-30*}o de u{\expndtw-30*} motor tri{\expndtw-30*}sico {\expndtw-3

0*}e {\expndtw-30*}nduccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 para emplearlos e{\expndtw-30*} la o{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}encin
del c{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}uito eq{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw30*}al{\expndtw-30*}nte. \par}
\f10 \fs21 c) O{\expndtw-30*}te{\expndtw-30*}er la {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s
is{\expndtw-30*}encia el{\expndtw-30*}tric{\expndtw-30*} de los devanados de un m
{\expndtw-30*}tor t{\expndtw-30*}if{\expndtw-30*}sico de induccin \par}
\f10 \fs21 para empl{\expndtw-30*}ar{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*
}n la obtencin del circu{\expndtw-30*}to {\expndtw-30*}q{\expndtw-30*}ivalente. \
par}
\f10 \fs23 Hr{\expndtw-30*} \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 2. Materia{\expndtw-30*}es y/o e{\expndtw-30*}uipos. \par}
\f10 \fs21 1 mot{\expndtw-30*}r de induccin trifsico \par}
\f10 \fs21 Fuente de vo{\expndtw-30*}taje {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}riable \p
ar}
\f10 \fs21 1 {\expndtw-30*}mperme{\expndtw-30*}ro \par}
\f10 \fs21 1 voltmetro \par}
\f10 \fs21 1 {\expndtw-30*}att{\expndtw-30*}etro \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Uni{\expndtw-30*}ersi{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*} Tec{\expndt
w-30*}olgica de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}l{\expndtw-30*}ctricidad y E{\expndtw-30*}ectrni{\
expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}ndu{\expndtw-30*}tria{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformad{\expndtw-30*}res y Motores de induc{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndt
w-30*} \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 3. Desa{\expndtw-30*}rol{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}eneral. \par}
f10 \fs21 a) {\expndtw-30*}onect{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}u{\
expndtw-30*}tmetro al mot{\expndtw-30*}r y tome l{\expndtw-30*} le{\expndtw-30*}t
ura de resi{\expndtw-30*}tencia de los d{\expndtw-30*}vanados \par}
\f10 \fs21 del estator, obten{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}l promedio y ut{\expn
dtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}cel{\expndtw-30*}s c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o r{\expndt
w-30*}{\expndtw-30*}is{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ncia p{\expndtw-30*}r fase del
{\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}to{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
f10 \fs21 b) Bloq{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e el ro{\expndtw-30*}or del {\expnd
tw-30*}ot{\expndtw-30*}r para evitar que gi{\expndtw-30*}e. \par}
f10 \fs21 c) C{\expndtw-30*}necte el {\expndtw-30*}mpe{\expndtw-30*}met{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}, e{\expndtw-30*} voltmetro y {\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}at{

\expndtw-30*}metro para tom{\expndtw-30*}r las lecturas de \par}
\f10 \fs21 cor{\expndtw-30*}iente, v{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}taje y {\expndtw
-30*}otencia. \par}
f10 \fs21 d) Partiendo co{\expndtw-30*} la fuente de voltaje en cero, c{\expndtw
-30*}mienc{\expndtw-30*} a aplica{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}oltaje lentam{\exp
ndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}, \par}
\f10 \fs21 verifi{\expndtw-30*}and{\expndtw-30*} en el {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-3
0*}per{\expndtw-30*}m{\expndtw-30*}t{\expndtw-30*}o q{\expndtw-30*}e la corr{\ex
pndtw-30*}ente s{\expndtw-30*}a apr{\expndtw-30*}xi{\expndtw-30*}a{\expndtw-30*}
am{\expndtw-30*}nte la nomin{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
f10 \fs21 e) Al alcanzar aproxim{\expndtw-30*}damen{\expndtw-30*}e el v{\expndtw
-30*}lor de la corriente nomi{\expndtw-30*}al registr{\expndtw-30*} lo{\expndtw30*} valores \par}
f10 \fs21 de volt{\expndtw-30*}j{\expndtw-30*} y p{\expndtw-30*}tencia. Se recom
ienda que sea lo ms rpido pos{\expndtw-30*}ble para evitar \par}
\f10 \fs21 daos al {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}tor. \par}
\f10 \fs21 f) \par}
\f10 \fs21 De{\expndtw-30*}conecte el {\expndtw-30*}otor y libr{\expndtw-30*}lo.
\par}
f10 \fs21 g) Conect{\expndtw-30*} e{\expndtw-30*} mot{\expndtw-30*}r {\expndtw-3
0*}l voltaje nominal marcado en {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} placa. \par}
f10 \fs21 h) Deje funcionan{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}l motor 30 minu{\expndt
w-30*}os par{\expndtw-30*} p{\expndtw-30*}rmitir que los ro{\expndtw-30*}amiento
{\expndtw-30*} alcancen \par}
\f10 \fs21 s{\expndtw-30*} temperatura de o{\expndtw-30*}eraci{\expndtw-30*}. \pa
r}
\f10 \fs21 i) \par}
\f10 \fs21 j) \par}
\f10 \fs21 Un{\expndtw-30*} vez transcurridos los 30 minut{\expndtw-30*}s tome l
os v{\expndtw-30*}lores de corriente de lnea, voltaje \par}
\f10 \fs21 aplicad{\expndtw-30*} y potencia total. \par}
f10 \fs21 Det{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ine {\expndtw-30*}as {\expndtw-30*}{\ex
pndtw-30*}didas rotacionales, la impedanci{\expndtw-30*} en vaco {\expndtw-30*} l
a reacta{\expndtw-30*}cia en \par}
\f10 \fs21 vaco, la impedan{\expndtw-30*}ia a rotor bloquead{\expndtw-30*}, l{\ex
pndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}eactanc{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} a r{\expndtw-30*}to
r blo{\expndtw-30*}uead{\expndtw-30*}, la frac{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
f10 \fs21 corr{\expndtw-30*}sp{\expndtw-30*}ndiente a {\expndtw-30*}a reactancia
del esta{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}, la fr{\expndtw-30*}ccin corre{\expndtw-30
*}pondi{\expndtw-30*}nte a {\expndtw-30*}a \par}

f10 \fs21 re{\expndtw-30*}ctancia de{\expndtw-30*} r{\expndtw-30*}tor, la reacta
{\expndtw-30*}c{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de magnetizacin, la re{\expndtw-30*}i
stencia {\expndtw-30*}qu{\expndtw-30*}v{\expndtw-30*}lente de \par}
f10 \fs21 las ramas e{\expndtw-30*} paral{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}o del roto{
\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} de magnet{\expndtw-30*}zacin, el valor de la resiste
ncia del \par}
\f10 \fs21 rotor. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}) Elabore el c{\expndtw-30*}rcui{\expndtw-30*}o equival
{\expndtw-30*}nte {\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}ple{\expndtw-30*}o. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}l {\expndtw-30*}irc{\expndtw-30*}ito equi
valen{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} obt{\expndtw-30*} lo siguiente: {\expndtw-30*}l
factor {\expndtw-30*}e p{\expndtw-30*}tenc{\expndtw-30*}a del motor, La \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}elocidad de sinc{\expndtw-30*}ona en rpm, la velo{\expnd
tw-30*}id{\expndtw-30*}d del r{\expndtw-30*}tor, la pot{\expndtw-30*}ncia total
tr{\expndtw-30*}nsmitid{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs21 por el estator, la potencia mecnic{\expndtw-30*} intern{\expndtw-30*},
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}otencia a l{\expndtw-30*} sa{\expndt
w-30*}ida s{\expndtw-30*} se {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nsidera \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}ue las pr{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}das {\expndtw-30*}
otales son las rotacionale{\expndtw-30*}, {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} par d{\ex
pndtw-30*} salida. \par}
\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}eterm{\expndtw-30*}na el va{\expndtw-30*}or de l{\expn
dtw-30*} corriente de arranque {\expndtw-30*} el {\expndtw-30*}ar de arranque. \
par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 4. Resultados y con{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}usione{\expndtw-30
*} de la prctica p{\expndtw-30*}r p{\expndtw-30*}rte del alu{\expndtw-30*}no. \pa
r}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30*}rsi{\expndtw-30*}ad Te{\expndtw-30*}{\expndt
w-30*}olgica de Pue{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Elec{\expndtw-30*}ricidad y Elec{\expndtw-30*}rnica Indus{\expnd
tw-30*}rial \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Mo{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}es de i{\expndtw-30*
}duccin \par}
p0 \f10 \fs38 Gu{\expndtw-30*} de Pr{\expndtw-30*}ctica{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs27 Pr{\expndtw-30*}ticas de la uni{\expndtw-30*}ad 7 \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 PRCTICA No.{\expndtw-30*} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 SELECCIN D{\expndtw-30*} TRANSFORMADORES \par}

\f10 \fs23 Fe{\expndtw-30*}ha \par}
\f10 \fs23 No de al{\expndtw-30*}mno{\expndtw-30*} po{\expndtw-30*} pr{\expndtw-3
0*}t{\expndtw-30*}ca \par}
\f10 \fs23 Nombre y {\expndtw-30*}irma del p{\expndtw-30*}ofe{\expndtw-30*}{\exp
ndtw-30*}r \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}rupo \par}
\f10 \fs23 No. d{\expndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*}umnos po{\expndtw-30*} r{\expndtw30*}{\expndtw-30*}o{\expndtw-30*}te \par}
\f10 \fs23 N{\expndtw-30*}mbre (s) del alu{\expndtw-30*}no (s) \par}
\f10 \fs23 T{\expndtw-30*}empo esti{\expndtw-30*}ado \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}rs \par}
\f10 \fs23 Cal{\expndtw-30*}fi{\expndtw-30*}acin \par}
\f10 \fs23 a).- {\expndtw-30*}onocer di{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rentes {\expn
dtw-30*}ipos de transformadore{\expndtw-30*} a trav{\expndtw-30*} de ma{\expndtw30*}uales de \par}
\f10 \fs23 fabr{\expndtw-30*}cantes \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}).- Imp{\expndtw-30*}eme{\expndtw-30*}tar un c{\expndtw
-30*}rcuito d{\expndtw-30*} g{\expndtw-30*}neraci{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} {\
expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}nsmisin de potenc{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
\f10 \fs23 elctrica, dond{\expndtw-30*} se demuest{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} la
utilizaci{\expndtw-30*} del t{\expndtw-30*}ansf{\expndtw-30*}rm{\expndtw-30*}dor
como \par}
\f10 \fs23 elemen{\expndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}le{\expndtw-30*}ador y reductor {
\expndtw-30*}n un sistem{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*} tra{\expndtw-30*}smi{\exp
ndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 2. Materiales y/o equipo{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs23 a) Manuales {\expndtw-30*}e fabricante{\expndtw-30*} de t{\expndtw-3
0*}ansformado{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}) 1 Genera{\expndtw-30*}or M{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-3
0*}lo DL1026 \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 C{\expndtw-30*}ractersticas : 2{\expndtw-30*}0 V{\expndtw-30*}lts
de salida, cone{\expndtw-30*}in de{\expndtw-30*}ta \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}80 Volts de salida , cone{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30
*} estrella \par}
\f10 \fs23 c) 2 Tr{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}fo{\expndtw-30*}mormadores, model
o {\expndtw-30*}L 208{\expndtw-30*}, \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}aractersticas : 2 x 190 / 2 x 65 V{\expndtw-30*}lts ,

2.8 K{\expndtw-30*}A \par}
\f10 \fs23 d) 1 Multmetro \par}
\f10 \fs23 e) {\expndtw-30*}abl{\expndtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*} con{\expndtw-30*
}{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
f10 \fs23 \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Uni{\expndtw-30*}ers{\expndtw-30*}dad Tecnol{\expndtw-30*}i{\ex
pndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} de Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 P{\expndtw-30*}gi{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}6
\par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}lectricidad y Electrnica I{\expndtw-30*}dustrial \
par}
\f10 \fs15 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsforma{\expndtw-30*}ores y {\expndtw-30*}otores de {
\expndtw-30*}nduccin \par}
0 \f10 \fs23 3. Desarrollo gener{\expndtw-30*}l. \par}
\f10 \fs23 a).- {\expndtw-30*}ue el a{\expndtw-30*}umno investigu{\expndtw-30*}
y cono{\expndtw-30*}ca a tr{\expndtw-30*}vs de manual{\expndtw-30*}s o paginas d{
\expndtw-30*} \par}
f10 \fs23 In{\expndtw-30*}ernet, caracte{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}stic{\expndt
w-30*}s y tipos de transformad{\expndtw-30*}res de apli{\expndtw-30*}acin \par}
\f10 \fs23 industrial o c{\expndtw-30*}me{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}ial \par}
\f10 \fs21 Transform{\expndtw-30*}dor d{\expndtw-30*} potenci{\expndtw-30*} \par
}
\f10 \fs21 Transformad{\expndtw-30*}r trifsico interior \par}
\f10 \fs21 b).- Implemente un {\expndtw-30*}ircuito de generacin y transmisin de e
nerga {\expndtw-30*}lctrica, basndose \par}
\f10 \fs21 en el {\expndtw-30*}iguiente diagra{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*} cua
dros. \par}
f10 \fs19 {\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}era{\expndtw-30*}or \par}
0 \f10 \fs19 Conexin \par}
\f10 \fs19 Delta \par}
f10 \fs19 2{\expndtw-30*}0 Volts \par}
\f10 \fs19 {\expndtw-30*}anco d{\expndtw-30*} Tra{\expndtw-30*}sf.. \par}
0 \f10 \fs19 Cone{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
\f10 \fs19 Estrel{\expndtw-30*}a serie / D{\expndtw-30*}lta Serie \par}

\f10 \fs19 {\expndtw-30*}20 / 38{\expndtw-30*} Volts \par}
\f10 \fs19 Banco de Tran{\expndtw-30*}f.. \par}
0 \f10 \fs19 Co{\expndtw-30*}exi{\expndtw-30*}n \par}
\f10 \fs19 Delt{\expndtw-30*} serie / Estrel{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}erie \
par}
\f10 \fs19 380 / 2{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}olts \par}
\f10 \fs19 Carga \par}
\f10 \fs19 Elec{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
f10 \fs23 Estrella Serie: V\dn4 \fs15 L\dn0 \fs23 = 2 x\f20 \fs27 3\f10 \fs23
x 65 = {\expndtw-30*}25 Volts \par}
\f10 \fs23 Delta se{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}e : V\dn4 \fs15 L\dn0 \fs23 = 2
{\expndtw-30*} 190 = 380 \par}
\f10 \fs23 c).- Realice el esquema elct{\expndtw-30*}ico correspondie{\expndtw-3
0*}te al diag{\expndtw-30*}ama d{\expndtw-30*} cuadro{\expndtw-30*}. \par}
\f10 \fs23 d).- Re{\expndtw-30*}lice {\expndtw-30*}si{\expndtw-30*}amente el dia
{\expndtw-30*}rama el{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}rico y pdal{\expndtw-30*} a su in
s{\expndtw-30*}ructor {\expndtw-30*}ue revi{\expndtw-30*}e l{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 con{\expndtw-30*}xin antes d{\expndtw-30*} a{\expndtw-30*}imentar e{\
expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}ircuito. \par}
\f10 \fs23 e).- To{\expndtw-30*}e n{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}a {\expndtw-30*}
e la{\expndtw-30*} corrientes y voltajes que se present{\expndtw-30*}n {\expndtw
-30*}n cada elem{\expndtw-30*}nto d{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs23 circuito. \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 4. Resultados y co{\expndtw-30*}clu{\expndtw-30*}iones de la prct{
\expndtw-30*}ca por parte de{\expndtw-30*} alu{\expndtw-30*}no. \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}niversi{\expndtw-30*}ad Te{\expndtw-30*}nolgica d
e Puebla \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Electri{\expndtw-30*}ida{\expndtw-30*} y Ele{\expndtw-30*}trnica
{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}du{\expndtw-30*}tri{\expndtw-30*}l \par}
\f10 \fs15 Transformadores y Moto{\expndtw-30*}es de inducci{\expndtw-30*}n \par
}
up0 \f10 \fs38 Bibliografa \par}
\f10 \fs23 Cu{\expndtw-30*}so de Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsfo{\expndtw-30*}mad{\expndtw30*}res y Motor{\expndtw-30*}s Trifs{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}os {\expndtw-30*}
e induccin \par}

\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}ilberto Enr{\expndtw-30*}quez Ha{\expndtw-30*}per \par}
\f10 \fs23 Edito{\expndtw-30*}ial : LI{\expndtw-30*}usa \par}
\f10 \fs23 Escribir la Ed{\expndtw-30*}cin \par}
\f10 \fs23 Mquin{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} Elctrica{\expndtw-30*} \par}
\f10 \fs23 St{\expndtw-30*}p{\expndtw-30*}en {\expndtw-30*}. Chapra \par}
\f10 \fs23 E{\expndtw-30*}itorial Mc Graw H{\expndtw-30*}ll \par}
\f10 \fs23 Escribir la Edicin \par}
\f10 \fs23 Anl{\expndtw-30*}si{\expndtw-30*} Introduct{\expndtw-30*}ria {\expndtw
-30*}{\expndtw-30*} Circuitos \par}
\f10 \fs23 Robert. L Boylestad \par}
\f10 \fs23 Ed{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}orial : Mc Graw - Hill \par}
\f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}s{\expndtw-30*}ribi{\expndtw-30*} la Edicin \par}
\f10 \fs23 Pa{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}s d{\expndtw-30*} Intern
et \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Mquin{\expndtw-30*}s El{\expndtw-30*}tricas \par}
\f10 \fs23 \cf6 {\ul h}{\ul t}{\ul t}{\ul p}{\ul :}{\ul /}{\ul /}{\ul e}{\ul n}{
\ul d}{\ul r}{\ul i}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul o}{\ul .}{\ul c}{\ul n}{\ul {\expnd
tw-30*}}{\ul c}{\ul e}{\ul .}{\ul m}{\ul e}{\ul c}{\ul d}{\ul .}{\ul e}{\ul s}{\
ul /}{\ul ~}{\ul j}{\ul h}{\ul e}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul 0}{\ul 0}{\ul 2}{\ul 7
}{\ul /}{\ul m}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul q}{\ul u}{\ul i}{\ul n}{\ul a}{\ul s}{\u
l {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul l}{\ul e}{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul i}{\ul c}{
\ul a}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul .}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul t}{\ul m} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 {\expndtw-30*}ransfo{\expndtw-30*}mado{\expndtw-30*}es \par}
\f10 \fs23 \cf6 {\ul h}{\ul t}{\ul t}{\ul p}{\ul :}{\ul /}{\ul /}{\ul {\expndtw30*}}{\ul e}{\ul u}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul .}{\ul d}{\ul c}{\ul i}{\ul .}{\ul u
}{\ul b}{\ul i}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul b}{\ul i}{\ul o}{\ul .}{\ul c}{\ul l}{\u
l /}{\ul e}{\ul l}{\ul e}{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul r}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul i}{\ul d}{\ul a
}{\ul d}{\ul /}{\ul t}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul n}{\ul s}{\ul f}{\ul o}{\u
l r}{\ul m}{\ul a}{\ul d}{\ul o}{\ul r}{\ul e}{\ul s}{\ul /}{\ul d}{\ul e}{\ul f
}{\ul a}{\ul u}{\ul l}{\ul t}{\ul .}{\ul h}{\ul t}{\ul m} \par}
p0 \f10 \fs23 Mquinas d{\expndtw-30*} Induc{\expndtw-30*}in \par}
\f10 \fs23 \cf6 {\ul h}{\ul t}{\ul t}{\ul p}{\ul :}{\ul /}{\ul /}{\ul {\expndtw30*}}{\ul e}{\ul u}{\ul s}{\ul .}{\ul d}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}
{\ul .}{\ul u}{\ul b}{\ul i}{\ul o}{\ul b}{\ul i}{\ul o}{\ul .}{\ul c}{\ul l}{\u
l /}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul l}{\ul e}{\ul c}{\ul t}{\ul r}{\ul i}{\ul c}{\ul i}
{\ul d}{\ul a}{\ul d}{\ul /}{\ul m}{\ul a}{\ul q}{\ul u}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul
n}{\ul a}{\ul s}{\ul /}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul g}{\ul i}{\ul {\expndtw30*}}{\ul a}{\ul s}{\ul /}{\ul h}{\ul o}{\ul m}{\ul e}{\ul .}{\ul h}{\ul t}{\ul
{\expndtw-30*}}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}} \par}
up0 \f10 \fs23 Mquinas Elc{\expndtw-30*}ricas \par}
\f10 \fs23 \cf6 {\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul t}{\ul t}{\ul p}{\ul :}{\ul /}{\ul /}{
\ul a}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul e}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul .}{\ul p}{\ul u}{\ul c
}{\ul p}{\ul .}{\ul e}{\ul d}{\ul u}{\ul .}{\ul p}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul /}{\u
l c}{\ul u}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul s}{\ul o}{\ul s}{\ul /}{\ul p}{\ul r}{\ul {\
expndtw-30*}}{\ul g}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul d}{\ul o}{\ul /}{\ul i}{\ul
e}{\ul e}{\ul 2}{\ul 1}{\ul 5}{\ul /}{\ul p}{\ul a}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul _}{\
ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul r}{\ul i}{\ul n}{\ul c}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul p}{\ul a}
{\ul l}{\ul /}{\ul m}{\ul a}{\ul q}{\ul u}{\ul i}{\ul {\expndtw-30*}}{\ul a}{\ul
{\expndtw-30*}}{\ul e}{\ul l}{\ul .}{\ul h}{\ul t}{\ul m} \par}
\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}ni{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}{\e
xpndtw-30*}da{\expndtw-30*} Te{\expndtw-30*}nolg{\expndtw-30*}ca de Pu{\expndtw-3
0*}b{\expndtw-30*}a \par}
}

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{\rtf \ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0

{\fonttbl{\f11\fswiss\fcharset0 Arial Narrow;}{\f10\fswiss\fcharset0 Arial;}{\f1

\f10 \fs31 Manual de asigna{\expndtw-30*}ura \par}

}a{\expndtw-30*}i{\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}o d{\expndtw-30*} los t{\expndtw-3

{\phpg\posx7716\pvpg\posy6351\absw136\absh260 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-2 \dn0 \up0 \

{\phpg\posx1858\pvpg\posy10737\absw8740\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw0 \dn0 \up0

\f10 \fs21 generador). \par}

o menor cantida{\expndtw-30*} de lneas de {\expndtw-30*}luj{\expndtw-30*} que pa{

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy3049\absw8459\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw0 \dn0 \up0 \

{\phpg\posx7405\pvpg\posy1379\absw2969\absh173 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-2 \dn0 \up0

fuerza electr{\expndtw-30*}motriz e{\expndtw-30*} l, Si se consi{\expndtw-30*}er

expndtw-30*}os\f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 119 \\f Symbol }}\

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy14665\absw8113\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-2 \dn0 \up0

b) {\expndtw-30*}l circuito magnt{\expndtw-30*}co anlogo a un {\expndtw-30*}cleo d

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy1379\absw3358\absh173 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-2 \dn0 \up0

xpndtw-30*}gntico H y la densid{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*} del flu{\expndtw-30*}

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy14401\absw9081\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-2 \dn0 \up0

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy4720\absw9082\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw0 \dn0 \up0 \

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy13053\absw6839\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-2 \i \dn0 \

xpndtw-30*}rado de un circuit{\expndtw-30*} magn{\expndtw-30*}ico es igual a cero

f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 98 \\f Symbol }}\dn8 \fs23 =\dn0

o{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} las p{\expndtw-30*}rte{\expndtw-30*} que lo integ

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}sid{\expndtw-30*}d Tecnol{\exp

\f10 \fs21 a{\expndtw-30*}are{\expndtw-30*}er una f{\expndtw-30*}m inducida. \par

*}ipales {\expndtw-30*}as sigu{\expndtw-30*}entes: \par}

mm) {\expndtw-30*}on un aisl{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}te {\expndtw-30*}e 0.001

{\phpg\posx8366\pvpg\posy8027\absw2032\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw1 \dn0 \up0 \

{\phpg\posx9203\pvpg\posy15281\absw781\absh173 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-1 \dn0 \up0

expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}formado{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}l v

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy8631\absw9083\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw2 \dn0 \up0 \

\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30*}ransform{\expndtw-30*}d{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}s y

{\phpg\posx5349\pvpg\posy13198\absw1322\absh272 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-6 \dn0 \up0

xpndtw-30*}n lado d{\expndtw-30*} {\expndtw-30*}n \par}

{\phpg\posx9203\pvpg\posy15281\absw781\absh173 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-1 \dn0 \up0

\f30 \fs20 Tr{\expndtw-30*}nsfor{\expndtw-30*}ad{\expndtw-30*}r \par}

f10 \fs21 Si ref{\expndtw-30*}e{\expndtw-30*}am{\expndtw-30*}s los val{\expndtw30*}re{\expndtw-30*} d{\expndtw-30*}l circu{\expndtw-30*}to prima{\expndtw-30*}i

-30*} ca{\expndtw-30*}ga. \par}

f10 \fs21 Las prdidas en {\expndtw-30*}os deva{\expndtw-30*}ado{\expndtw-30*} re{

{\phpg\posx2005\pvpg\posy11883\absw1977\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw0 \dn0 \up0

f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30*}. Enf{\expndtw-30*}iamiento {\expndtw-30*}OW \par}

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30*}n{\expndtw-30*}ve{\expndtw-30*}sida{\expndtw-30*

f10 \fs21 puede seguir alim{\expndtw-30*}ntando carga t{\expndtw-30*}ifsica op{\e

}l{\expndtw-30*}lo con el ya \par}

\f10 \fs21 independie{\expndtw-30*}temente, pero util{\expndtw-30*}zando las {\

\f10 \fs21 secci{\expndtw-30*}ne{\expndtw-30*}, ya q{\expndtw-30*}e no se puede

dtw-30*} a la corriente t{\expndtw-30*}tal d{\expndtw-30*} \par}

ndtw-30*}ez diel{\expndtw-30*}tr{\expndtw-30*}ca del aceite\b0 . \par}

a {\expndtw-30*}re{\expndtw-30*}ia{\expndtw-30*}ente con el {\expndtw-30*}i{\exp

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy1869\absw9080\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw0 \dn0 \up0 \

resenta u{\expndtw-30*} de{\expndtw-30*}ana{\expndtw-30*}o con respecto a ot{\ex

{\phpg\posx2005\pvpg\posy13384\absw6373\absh260 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-3 \dn0 \up0

w-30*}n entre espir{\expndtw-30*}s primari{\expndtw-30*}s y \par}

xpndtw-30*}o {\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}s de{\expndtw-30*}{\expndtw-30*}nados d

opuesto, la polari{\expndtw-30*}ad es sus{\expndtw-30*}r{\expndtw-30*}ctiva. \pa

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy11648\absw2158\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-6 \b \dn0 \

-30*} tra{\expndtw-30*}s de la rama de e{\expndtw-30*}ci{\expndtw-30*}aci{\expndt

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy3004\absw1104\absh250 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-8 \dn0 \up0

\f10 \fs21 = I\dn4 \fs13 OC\dn0 \fs21 / V\dn4 \fs13 OC \par}

\f10 \fs21 primario y secundario. Afor{\expndtw-30*}unad{\expndtw-30*}mente, t{\

{\phpg\posx1654\pvpg\posy11111\absw7150\absh238 \li-5\ri-15 \expndtw-2 \b \dn0 \

\expndtw-30*}}{\ul c}{\ul i}{\ul }{\ul n} \par}

xpndtw-30*} m{\expndtw-30*}mentneamente un {\expndtw-30*}oltaje {\expndtw-30*}{\e

\f10 \fs21 ser{\expndtw-30*} el volt{\expndtw-30*}je ind{\expndtw-30*}cido por e

w-30*} movimiento del conductor \par}

}a{\expndtw-30}i{\expndtw-30}n{\expndtw-30}o d{\expndtw-30} los t{\expndtw-3

o menor cantida{\expndtw-30} de lneas de {\expndtw-30}luj{\expndtw-30*} que pa{

fuerza electr{\expndtw-30}motriz e{\expndtw-30} l, Si se consi{\expndtw-30*}er

expndtw-30}os\f40 \fs24 \expndtw-14{\field{\\fldinst SYMBOL 119 \\f Symbol }}\

b) {\expndtw-30}l circuito magnt{\expndtw-30}co anlogo a un {\expndtw-30*}cleo d

xpndtw-30}gntico H y la densid{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30} del flu{\expndtw-30}

xpndtw-30}rado de un circuit{\expndtw-30} magn{\expndtw-30*}ico es igual a cero

o{\expndtw-30} {\expndtw-30} las p{\expndtw-30}rte{\expndtw-30} que lo integ

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Univ{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}sid{\expndtw-30*}d Tecnol{\exp

\f10 \fs21 a{\expndtw-30}are{\expndtw-30}er una f{\expndtw-30*}m inducida. \par

}ipales {\expndtw-30}as sigu{\expndtw-30*}entes: \par}

mm) {\expndtw-30}on un aisl{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}te {\expndtw-30}e 0.001

expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}formado{\expndtw-30} {\expndtw-30} {\expndtw-30*}l v

\f10 \fs15 {\expndtw-30}ransform{\expndtw-30}d{\expndtw-30}r{\expndtw-30}s y

xpndtw-30}n lado d{\expndtw-30} {\expndtw-30*}n \par}

\f30 \fs20 Tr{\expndtw-30}nsfor{\expndtw-30}ad{\expndtw-30*}r \par}

f10 \fs21 Si ref{\expndtw-30}e{\expndtw-30}am{\expndtw-30}s los val{\expndtw30}re{\expndtw-30} d{\expndtw-30}l circu{\expndtw-30}to prima{\expndtw-30}i

-30} ca{\expndtw-30}ga. \par}

f10 \fs21 Las prdidas en {\expndtw-30}os deva{\expndtw-30}ado{\expndtw-30*} re{

f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30}. Enf{\expndtw-30}iamiento {\expndtw-30*}OW \par}

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 {\expndtw-30}n{\expndtw-30}ve{\expndtw-30}sida{\expndtw-30

f10 \fs21 puede seguir alim{\expndtw-30}ntando carga t{\expndtw-30}ifsica op{\e

\f10 \fs21 independie{\expndtw-30}temente, pero util{\expndtw-30}zando las {\

\f10 \fs21 secci{\expndtw-30}ne{\expndtw-30}, ya q{\expndtw-30*}e no se puede

dtw-30} a la corriente t{\expndtw-30}tal d{\expndtw-30*} \par}

ndtw-30}ez diel{\expndtw-30}tr{\expndtw-30*}ca del aceite\b0 . \par}

a {\expndtw-30}re{\expndtw-30}ia{\expndtw-30}ente con el {\expndtw-30}i{\exp

resenta u{\expndtw-30} de{\expndtw-30}ana{\expndtw-30*}o con respecto a ot{\ex

w-30}n entre espir{\expndtw-30}s primari{\expndtw-30*}s y \par}

xpndtw-30}o {\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}s de{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30*}nados d

opuesto, la polari{\expndtw-30}ad es sus{\expndtw-30}r{\expndtw-30*}ctiva. \pa

-30} tra{\expndtw-30}s de la rama de e{\expndtw-30}ci{\expndtw-30}aci{\expndt

\f10 \fs21 primario y secundario. Afor{\expndtw-30}unad{\expndtw-30}mente, t{\

xpndtw-30} m{\expndtw-30}mentneamente un {\expndtw-30}oltaje {\expndtw-30}{\e

\f10 \fs21 ser{\expndtw-30} el volt{\expndtw-30}je ind{\expndtw-30*}cido por e

\f10 \fs21 est a{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}ciado. El {\expndtw-30*}otor debe bo

f10 \fs21 Las prdidas {\expndtw-30}n el hierr{\expndtw-30} las pod{\expndtw-30*

tar las relacion{\expndtw-30}s de torque y potencia, {\expndtw-30} a fin de \p

{\expndtw-30} P{\expndtw-30}ebla \par}

0}n substanc{\expndtw-30}a{\expndtw-30} agluti{\expndtw-30}ables, as com{\exp

ne la llam{\expndtw-30}da "{\expndtw-30}ela cambrige" que se emplea para separ

\f10 \fs21 deter{\expndtw-30}inada norma de diseo y se {\expndtw-30}ol{\expndt

\f10 \fs21 Construcc{\expndtw-30}n de un M{\expndtw-30}tor experim{\expndtw-30*

f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30}o{\expndtw-30}oce un imn conoce acerca de la {\expndtw-3

tw-30}nt{\expndtw-30}ar diferentes parmetros \par}

\f10 \fs21 menor. No o{\expndtw-30}s{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}n{\expndtw-30}

} de la l{\expndtw-30}nea {\expndtw-30*}e \par}

\f10 \fs21 operacin que sus equivalente{\expndtw-30} de fase divi{\expndtw-30}{

ndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30} {\expndtw-30*}or Ca{\expndtw

f10 \fs21 ardill{\expndtw-30}, se {\expndtw-30}ebe{\expndtw-30*} conoce{\expnd

e requiere de una canti{\expndtw-30}a{\expndtw-30} conside{\expndtw-30*}able d

\f10 \fs21 Diagrama de Po{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}nc{\expndtw-30*}a \par}

pndtw-30}{\expndtw-30} fase de {\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30} motor de induccin s

w-30}e cambia de elctrica a mec{\expndtw-30}i{\expndtw-30*}a es: \par}

ndtw-30}ar como "\i motor de di{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}o de {\expndtw-30}{\

f10 \fs21 momento de torsin nominal, p{\expndtw-30}ra los motore{\expndtw-30} ms

o{\expndtw-30} qu{\expndtw-30} el de dis{\expndtw-30}o {\expndtw-30}lase A, e

pndtw-30}spus de una ope{\expndtw-30}acin de perfor{\expndtw-30}ci{\expndtw-30

endado{\expndtw-30} por e{\expndtw-30} \par}

up0 \f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30}ransformad{\expndtw-30}res S{\expndtw-30*}bterrneos

\f10 \fs21 d{\expndtw-30}vanado d{\expndtw-30} plena capacid{\expndtw-30*}d {

p0 \f10 \fs21 Los {\expndtw-30}a{\expndtw-30}ores d{\expndtw-30*} l{\expndtw-3

acir{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}itos con {\expndtw-30}us{\expndtw-30}bles en e

ndtw-30} lmparas que pu{\expndtw-30}da h{\expndtw-30}ber en la {\expndtw-30}a

\f10 \fs21 am{\expndtw-30}l{\expndtw-30}fica{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}res d

30}formadore{\expndtw-30} a trav{\expndtw-30}s de {\expndtw-30}os c{\expndtw

aplicaci{\expndtw-30}ne{\expndtw-30}. La corriente secu{\expndtw-30*}d{\expnd

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 Un{\expndtw-30}versidad Tecnolgica {\expndtw-30}e Pueb{\expnd

0 \f10 \fs21 Los tra{\expndtw-30}sf{\expndtw-30}rmadores d{\expndtw-30*} cla{\

\f10 \fs21 V{\expndtw-30}. {\expndtw-30}as g{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30}as de

}{\expndtw-30}l{\expndtw-30}dad es sumini{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30*}rar corr

\f10 \fs21 ensayo, {\expndtw-30}ormalmente estn proyect{\expndtw-30}dos para ap

\f10 \fs21 a).- I{\expndtw-30}terr{\expndtw-30}pto{\expndtw-30*} de la fuente

f10 \fs21 Rxm. Resistenci{\expndtw-30} promed{\expndtw-30}{\expndtw-30*} de la

\f10 \fs15 \cf87 E{\expndtw-30}ectricidad y Electrni{\expndtw-30}a Indu{\expndt

p0 \f10 \fs21 Tra{\expndtw-30}sf. Pro{\expndtw-30} \par}

\f10 \fs21 12 C{\expndtw-30}ble{\expndtw-30} de conexi{\expndtw-30*} \par}

xpndtw-30}as por el trans{\expndtw-30}ormad{\expndtw-30}r sin ca{\expndtw-30

\f10 \fs21 6.- Co{\expndtw-30} los dat{\expndtw-30}s obteni{\expndtw-30*}{\ex

\f10 \fs21 {\expndtw-30}attmetro mono{\expndtw-30}sico \par}