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ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF ABDOMEN &

PELVIS

2.Superior epigastric artery:

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Origin:
Internal thoracic artery
Distribution:
(a) Rectus abdominis muscle
(b) Superficial & deep abdominal wall of epigastric & upper
umbilical regions.

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Origin:
Internal thoracic artery
Distribution:
(a) Superficial & deep abdominal wall of hypochondriac region.
(b) Anterolateral diaphragm.

Cutaneous Arteries ( Deep & superficial ):

1.Musculophrenic Artery:

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3.10th& 11th posterior intercostals arteries:

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Origin:
Aorta
Distribution:
(a).Superficial & Deep abdominal wall of lateral region.

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4.Subcostal Artery:

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Origin:
Aorta
Distribution:
(a).Superficial & deep abdominal wall of lateral region.

5.Inferior epigastric artery:

Origin:
External Iliac artery
Distribution:
(a).Rectus Abdominis muscle
(b).Deep abdominal wall of pubic & inferior umbilical regions.

Anterolateral
Abdominal
Wall

6.Deep circumflex iliac artery:

Origin:
External Iliac artery
Distribution:
(a).Iliacus muscle
(b).Deep abdominal wall of inguinal region
(c).Iliac fossa

Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

7.Superficial circumflex iliac artery:

Origin:
Femoral artery
Distribution:
(a).Superficial abdominal wall of inguinal region & adjacent anterior thigh

8.Superficial epigastric artery:

Origin:
Femoral artery
Distribution:
(a).Superficial abdominal wall of pubic & inferior umbilical regions.

(1).Internal pudendal artery gives off 3 branches which supply the penis:
(i) Deep artery of penis
(ii) Dorsal artery of Penis
(iii) Artery of the bulb of penis.

(2).Femoral artery gives off the superficial external pudendal artery which
supplies the skin & fasciae of penis.
1. Posterior scrotal branches of the perineal artery, a branch of internal
pudendal artery
2. Anterior scrotal branches of deep external pudendal artery, a branch of
femoral artery
3. Cremestaric artery ,a branch of inferior epigastric artery
Testicular artery ( branch of abdominal aorta)
Testicular artery
1. Left gastric artery (branch of celiac trunk)
2. Left inferior phrenic artery
Along lesser curvature by :
1. Left gastric artery(br. of celiac trunk)
2. Right gastric artery ( br. of proper hepatic artery)
Along greater curvature by:
1. Right gastro-omental artery(right gastroepiploic artery), branch of
gastroduodenal artery.
2. Left gastro-omental artery(left gastroepiploic artery), branch of splenic
artery.
Fundus:
- 5-7 short gastric arteries (branches of splenic artery)

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Stomach

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Testis
Epididymis
Esophagus

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Scrotum

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Penis

Duodenum

Upto the opening of bile duct:

- Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery ( br.of gastroduodenal artery)
Below the opening of bile duct:
- Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (br.of superior mesenteric artery).
Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

1. Left colic artery ( br.of inferior mesenteric artery)

2. Sigmoid arteries (br.of Inferior mesenteric artery)

Splenic artery
1. Pancreatic branches of splenic artery
2. Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
3. Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Liver receives blood
1. 20-25% through hepatic artery
2. 75-80% through portal vein
1. Cystic artery
2. Right phrenic artery
3. Posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
4. Gastroduodenal artery
Cystic artery ( arise from right phrenic artery)

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Renal artery divides to form various segmental arteries:

1. Superior segmental artery to Superior segment
2. Anterosuperior segmental artery to Anterosuperior segment
3. Anteroinferior segmental artery to antero inferior segment
4. Inferior segmental artery to inferior segment
5. Posterior segmental artery to posterior segment of the kidney

Suprarenal
Gland
Urinary
bladder

1. Upper part Renal artery

2. Middle part- (i) Testicular/ovarian arteries
(ii) Abdominal aorta
(iii) Common iliac arteries
3. Lower part- (i) Vesical artery
(ii) Middle rectal artery
(iii) Uterine vessels

Ureters

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Gall bladder
& cystic duct
Kidneys

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Bile duct

Liver

1. Ileocolic artery
2. Right colic branches of superior mesenteric arteries
Middle colic artery (branch of superior mesenteric artery)

Ascending
colon
Transverse
colon
Descending
colon &
sigmoid
colon
Spleen
Pancreas

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Appendix

Superior mesenteric artery

(Lowest part of ileum is also supplied by Ileocolic artery)
Anterior & posterior rectal arteries from the ileocolic artery ( Branch of superior
mesenteric artery)
Appendicular artery , branch of ileocolic artery

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Jejunum &
Ileum
Cecum

1.
2.
3.
1.

Superior suprarenal arteries (6-8) from inferior phrenic arteries

Middle suprarenal arteries (1) from abdominal aorta
Inferior suprarenal arteries (1 from Renal artery)
Superior & Inferior vesical arteries (branches of anterior trunk of
internal iliac artery)
Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

 In females from uterine & vaginal arteries instead of inferior vesical.

2. Obturator & Inferior Gluteal arteries ( additional supply to bladder)
Male urethra

1. Urethral artery arises from internal pudendal artery

2. Dorsal penile artery via circumflex branches on each side

Female
urethra
Rectum

1.
2.
1.
2.

Superior vesical arteries

Vaginal arteries
Superior rectal artery continuation of inferior mesenteric artery
Middle rectal arteries arise from anterior division of internal iliac
artery
3. Median sacral artery small branch arising from back of aorta
Above pectinate line superior rectal artery
Below pectinate line Inferior rectal artery
1. Ovarian arteries (arise from abdominal aorta)
2. Tubal branches of uterine arteries ( Branch of internal iliac arteries)

Anal canal

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Ovaries &
Uterine
tubes
Uterus

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Vagina

1. Uterine arteries
2. Ovarian arteries
1. Vagina branch of internal iliac artery
2. In addition
- The upper part is supplied by cevicovaginal branch of uterine artery.
- Lower part by middle rectal & internal pudendal arteries.
Branches of these arteries anastomose to form anterior & posterior midline
vessels called the vaginal azygos arteries.
Artery to ductus deferens ( arises from one of the terminal branches of
superior vesical artery but occasionally arises from inferior vesical artery)
Supplied by branches from
1. Inferior vesical
2. Middle rectal
3. Internal pudendal arteries
- These arteries form a large outer or subcapsular plexus, and a small
inner or periurethral plexus. Greater part of gland is supplied by
subcapsular plexus.
Reference: K.L.M & B.D chaurasia

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Ductus
deferens
Prostate
gland

VENOUS DRAINAGE OF ABDOMEN &

PELVIS
Anterolateral
abdominal wall

Penis

1. Venous drainage passes above mainly into axillary veinvia lateral

thoracic vein.
2. Venous drainage passes below mainly into femoral veinvia superficial
epigastric & great saphenous vein.
1. Superficial dorsal vein:
- Drain prepuce & penile skin
- Open into external pudendal vein
2. Deep dorsal vein:
Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

Drains glans penis & corpora cavernosa penis

Divide into left & right branches which connect with internal
pudendal vein & enters the prostatic plexus.
Scrotal veins accompany the arteries
Veins emerging from the testis & Epididymis form Pampiniform venous
plexus, a network of 8-12 veins lying anterior to the ductus deferens &
surrounding the testicular artery in the spermatic cord.
The veins of each pampiniform plexus converge superiorly forming right
testicular vein which enters inferior vena cava& a left testicular vein which
enters the left renal vein.
Same as testis.
The venous drainage from the submucosal veins of this part of esophagus is
both to
- Portal venous system through left gastric vein
- Systemic venous system through esophageal veins entering the
azygous vein
Veins of stomach parallel the arteries in position & course
- Right & left gastric veins drain into hepatic portal vein
- Short gastric veins & left gastroepiploic (gastro-omental) veins
drain into splenic vein which joins superior mesenteric vein (SMV)
to form hepatic portal vein
- Right gastroepiploic (gastro-omental) vein empties into SMV.
- Prepyloric vein ascends over the pylorus to the right gastric vein.
1. Superior pancreaticoduodenal vein drains into portal vein
2. Inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein joins the SMV
Superior mesenteric vein (SMV)

Scrotum
Testis

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Epididymis
Esophagus

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Stomach

Duodenum

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Jejunum &
Ileum
Cecum

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Venous drainage from cecum flow through a tributary of SMV, the ileocolic
vein.
SMV (same as cecum)
SMV

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SMV

Transverse
colon
Descending &
sigmoid colon
Spleen
Pancreas

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Appendix
Ascending
colon

Liver

Bile duct
Gall bladder &
cystic duct
Kidneys

From inferior mesenteric vein Splenic vein hepatic portal vein.

Splenic vein
1. Splenic vein
2. Superior mesenteric vein (SMV)
3. Portal vein
Hepatic sinusoids drain into interlobular veins which join to form
sublobular veins which join to form hepatic veins which drain into
inferior vena cava (IVC)
From posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal vein to hepatic portal vein.
From cystic veins to hepatic portal vein
Right & Left renal veins

Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

Ureters
Suprarenal
glands

Urinary
bladder
Male urethra

Interlobular veins arcuate veins interlobar veins renal vein IVC

1. Renal veins
2. Gonadal (testicular/ovarian) veins.
Suprarenal veins
1. Right suprarenal vein IVC
2. Left suprarenal vein joins inferior phrenic vein drains into Left
renal vein.
Vesical venous plexus which drains into Internal iliac veins

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Anterior urethra:
Dorsal vein of penis internal pudendal vein prostatic venous plexus.
Posterior urethra:
Prostatic & vesical venous plexus internal iliac veins.
Female urethra Venous plexus around urethra vesical venous plexus internal pudendal
vein
Rectum
1. Superior rectal vein tributeries of this vein arise from internal rectal
venous plexus.
2. Middle rectal vein open into internal iliac veins.
3. Median sacral vein joins left common iliac vein
Anal canal
1. Internal rectal venous plexus
2. External rectal venous plexus
3. Anal veins
Ovaries
Veins drainig the ovary form a vine like pampiniform plexus of veins. The
plexus condenses into a single ovarian vein near pelvic inlet.
Right ovarian vein drains into inferior vena cava
Left ovarian vein drains into left renal vein.
Uterine tubes
Tubal veins : drain into pampiniform venous plexus & uterine venous plexus.
Uterus
The veins form a plexus. Plexus drains through Uterine , ovarian & vaginal
veins into internal iliac veins.
Vagina
Vaginal venous plexus drains into internal iliac veins.
Ductus
Vesical venous plexus which opens into internal iliac veins.
deferens
Prostate gland
Veins form a rich plexus which communicates with vesical plexus & with
internal pudendal vein & drains into vesical & internal iliac veins.
Reference: K.L.M & B.D chaurasia

NERVE SUPPLY OF ABDOMEN &

PELVIS
Anterolateral
abdominal
wall

Skin & muscles of anterolateral abdominal wall are supplied by:

Thoracoabdominal (T7-T11):
- Continuation of lower (7th 11th ) intercostal nerves.
- Supply: Muscles of anterolateral abdominal wall & overlying skin.
Lateral cutaneous (thoracic) cutaneous branches ( 7th 9th):
- Supply : Skin of right & left hypochondriac regions.
Subcostal (anterior ramus of T12):
- Supply: Muscles of anterolateral abdominal wall & overlying skin,
Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

Epididymis
Esophagus

Stomach

The autonomic nerves of testis arise as testicular plexus of nerves& contain:

1. Vagal parasympathetic & visceral afferent fibers.
2. Sympathetic fibers from T7 segment of spinal cord.
Testicular plexus of nerves
Esophagus is innervated by the esophageal plexus formed by:
1. Vagal trunks
2. Thoracic sympathetic trunks via greater splanchnic nerves &peri-arterial
plexus around left gastric & inferior phrenic arteries.
Sympathetic nerve supply : From T6-T9 segments of spinal cord passes to celiac
plexus through greater splanchnic nerve & is distributed through the plexus
around gastric & gastro-omental arteries.
Parasympathetic nerve supply: From
- Anterior vagal trunk (derived mainly from left vagus nerve):
Gives off: Hepatic, duodenal & anterior gastric branches.

Testis

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Scrotum

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Muscles of
Anterolateral
abdominal
wall
Penis

superior to iliac crest & inferior to umbilicus.

Iliohypogastric & Ilioinguinal nerves:
( terminal branches of anterior ramus of spinal nerve L1)
- Ilihypogastric:Supply: Skin overlying iliac crest , upper inguinal &
hypogastric regions, internal oblique & transverses abdominis muscles.
- Ilioinguinal : Supply: Skin of lower inguinal region , mons pubis, anterior
scrotum or labium majus& adjacent medial thigh, inferior most internal
oblique & transverses abdominis.
1. External oblique: Thoracoabdominal& subcostal nerve.
2. Internal oblique: Thoracoabdominal& first lumbar nerve
3. Tranversusabdominis: Thoracoabdominal& first lumbar nerve.
4. Rectus abdominis:Thoracoabdominal nerves.
Sensory nerve supply : sensory nerve supply is derived from
1. Dorsal nerve of penis
2. Ilioinguinal nerve
Autonomic : Autonomic nerves are derived from Pelvic plexusvia prostatic
plexus.
- Sympathetic nerves are vasodilator
- Parasympathetic nerves (S2,S3,S4) are vasodilator.
Autonomic fibers are distributed through pudendal nerve.
Muscles of Penis: supplied by perineal branch of pudendal nerve.
The nerves of scrotum include
Branches of lumbar plexus to anterolateral surface.
Branches of sacral plexus to posterior & inferior surfaces.
1. Anterolateral surface: Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve (L1 & L2).
2. Anterior surface: Anterior scrotal nerves (branches of ilioinguinal nerve
L1)
3. Posterior surface: Posterior scrotal nerves (branches of perineal branch
of pudendal nerve S2,S3,S4)
4. Posteroinferior surface: Perineal branches of posterior cutaneous nerve
of thigh S2,S3.
Dartos muscle: Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve.

Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

Duodenum

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Sympathetic: From lumbar part of sympathetic trunk via :

- Lumbar splanchnic nerves
- Superior mesenteric plexus
- Peri-arterial plexus
Parasympathetic: From pelvic splanchnic nerves via:
- Inferior hypogastric plexus & nerves.
Sympathetic: Splanchnic nerves through the plexus.
Parasympathetic: Vagus

Pancreas

Liver

Gall bladder
& Cystic duct

Kidneys

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Descending
& sigmoid
colon

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Appendix
Ascending
colon
Transverse
colon

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Cecum

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Jejunum &
Ileum

Posterior vagal trunk ( derived mainly from right vagus nerve):

Gives off: a celiac branch , posterior gastric branches & branches to
anterior & posterior surfaces of stomach.
Sympathetic nerve supply:T9 & T10 segments of spinal cord.
Parasympathetic nerve supply: Derived from vagus & greater and lesser
splanchnic nerves by the way of celiac & superior mesenteric plexuses & reach
the duodenum along its arteries.
(Reference from BD Chaurasia)
Nerve supply is derived from sympathetic & parasympathetic nerves
- Sympathetic: T9-T11
- Parasympathetic: from vagus nerve
(Reference from Keith.L.Moore)
- The sympathetic fibers originate in the T8-T10 segments of spinal cord
& reach the superior mesenteric nerve plexus through sympathetic
trunks & thoracic abdominopelvic (greater,lesser& least) splanchnic
nerves.
- The parasympathetic fibers derived from posterior vagal trunks.
Sympathetic: originate in lower thoracic part of spinal cord.
Parasympathetic: derive from vagus nerve.
Branches from sympathetic & parasympathetic nerves form the superior
mesenteric plexus.
Same as cecum
Sympathetic & parasympathetic (vagus) nerves from superior mesenteric
plexus.
Superior mesenteric nerve plexus via peri-arterial plexuses of right & left colic
arteries.
These nerves transmit sympathetic, parasympathetic (vagal) & visceral afferent
nerve fibers.

Nerves of liver derived from Hepatic plexus ( derivative of celiac plexus)

Which consists of
- Sympathetic fibers from celiac plexus
- Parasympathetic fibers from anterior & posterior vagal trunks.
Nerves to gall bladder &custic duct from:
1. Celiac plexus sympathetic & visceral afferent fibers.
2. Vagus nerve parasympathetic fibers
3. Right phrenic nerve Somatic afferent fibers.
Renal nerve plexus which consists of
- Sympathetic T10-L1& parasympathetic fibers.
Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

Urinary bladder is supplied by vesical plexus of nerves which is made up of

nerves derived from inferior hypogastric plexus. Vesical plexus contains both
sympathetic & parasympathetic components, each of which contains
motor(efferent) & sensory(afferent) fibers.
- Parasympathetic efferent fibers S3,S3,S4
- Sympathetic efferent fibers T11-L2.
- Somatic: pudendal nerve (S2,S3,S4)
- Sensory nerves
[For detail see page#378 BD Chaurasia]
Nerves are derived from prostatic plexus ( one of the pelvic plexus)
Parasympathetic nerves are from 2nd to 4th sacral segments.

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Vesical plexus & pudendal nerve.

Explanation:
- Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers from 2nd to 4th sacral segments of
spinal cord. Synapse in vesical venous plexus. Post-ganglionic fibers
reach smooth muscles.
- Somatic fibers from S2-S4. Do not synapse in vesical venous plexus.
- Sensory fibers in pelvic splanchnic nerves reach to 2nd to 4th sacral
segments of spinal cord.
- Postganglionic sympathetic fibers arise from plexus around vagina
arteries.

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Female
urethra

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Male urethra

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Muscles of
posterior
abdominal
wall
Urinary
bladder

Suprarenal
glands
Diaphragm

1. Renal plexus
2. Abdominal aortic plexus
3. Superior hypogastric plexus
1. Celiac plexus
2. Abdominopelvic (greater, lesser & least splanchnic nerves)
Motor nerve supply: Phrenic nerves (ventral rami C3,C4,C5)
Sensory nerve supply:
- Central part: Phrenic nerve
- Peripheral part: lower 6 thoracic nerves
Psoas major : Anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1, L2, L3.
Iliacus: Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
Quadratuslumborum: Anterior branches of T12 & L1-L4 nerves.

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Ureters

Rectum

Anal canal

Nerve supply to rectum is derived from sympathetic & parasympathetic

systems.
- Sympathetic: from lumbar spinal cord (L1-L2) conveyed via:
Lumbar splanchnic nerve
Hypogastric/pelvic plexus
Peri-arterial plexus (of inferior mesenteric & superior rectal arteries)
- Parasympathetic: from S2-S4 passing via
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
Left & right inferior hypogastric plexus to the rectal (pelvic) plexus.
Above pectinate line:
Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

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- Sympathetic: Inferior hypogastric plexus

- Parasympathetic: Pelvic splanchnic nerve S2,S3.
Below pectinate line:
- Somatic: inferior rectal nerve (S2,S3,S4) branch of pudendal nerve
External anal sphincter:
- Inferior rectal nerve
- Perineal branch of 4th sacral nerve
Ovaries &
1. Ovarian plexus : Derived from renal, aortic & hypogastric plexus.
uterine tubes
Contains both sympathetic & parasympathetic nerve fibers.
- Sympathetic: T10-T11 are afferent for pain as well as efferent or
vasomotor.
- Parasympathetic: S2,S3,S4 are vasodilator.
2. Uterine plexus
Uterus
Sympathetic & parasympathetic nerves through Inferior hypogastric & ovarian
plexus.
- Sympathetic nerves are from T12 & L1.
- Parasympathetic nerves are S2,S3,S4.
Vagina
Lower 1/3rd : Supplied by pudendal nerve through inferior rectal & posterior
labial branches of perineal nerve.
Upper 2/3rd : Supplied by
- Sympathetic L1,L2
- Parasympathetic S2,S3,S4.
Nerves are derived from inferior hypogastric &uterovaginal plexus.
Prostate
Prostate is supplied by Prostatic plexus of nerves which is derives from lower
Gland
part of inferior hypogastric plexus.
Reference: K.L.M & B.D chaurasia

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Lymphatic drainage of anterolateral abdominal wall follows the following

pattern.
Superficial Lymphatic vessels:
- Superior to transumbilical plane: Drains into axillary lymph nodes,
however a few drain into parasternal lymph nodes
- Inferior to transumbilical plane: Drain into superficial inguinal lymph
nodes.
Deep Lymphatic vessels:
- Drain into external iliac
Common iliac
Right & left lumbar (caval& aortic) lymph nodes.
1. Deep Inguinal lymph nodes glans penis
2. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes rest of penis
1. Right & left lumbar (caval/aortic) lymph nodes
2. Preaortic lymph nodes
- Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Left gastric lymph nodes ( Efferent lymphatic vessels from these nodes drain
Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

Anterolateral
abdominal
wall

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LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF ABDOMEN &

PELVIS

Penis
Testis
&Epididymus
Scrotum
Esophagus

Stomach

Duodenum

Transverse
colon
Descending &
sigmoid colon

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Appendix
Ascending
colon

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Cecum

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Jejunum
&Ileum

mainly to celiac lymph nodes)

Stomach can be divided into 4 lymphatic territories:
(a) Upper part of left 1/3rd pancreaticosplenic nodes
(b) Right 2/3rd left gastric nodes
(c) Lower part of left 1/3rd Right gastroepiploic nodes
(d) Pyloric part pyloric lymph nodes
1. Anterior lymphatic vessels : Drain upward into pancreaticoduodenal
lymph nodes & into pyloric lymph nodes
2. Posterior lymphatic vessels: Drain downward via pancreaticoduodenal
nodes to the superior mesenteric lymph nodes
Efferent lymphatic vessels of all above lymph nodes drain into celiac lymph
nodes.
Lymph passes through 3 groups of lymph nodes:
1. Juxta-intestinal lymph nodes
2. Mesenteric lymph nodes
3. Superior central lymph nodes
Efferent lymphatic vessels from the mesenteric lymph nodes drain into
superior mesenteric lymph nodes.
Lymph passes from several mesenteric lymph nodes to ileocolic lymph nodes ,
then to superior mesenteric lymph nodes.
Same as cecum in addition to appendicular nodes
Lymph passes from :
Epicolic&paracolicIleocolic& intermediate right colic nodessuperior
mesenteric lymph nodes.
Middle colic lymph nodesSuperior mesenteric lymph nodes

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1. Intermediate colic lymph nodes

2. Inferior mesenteric lymph nodes
Lymph from left colic flexure may also drain to superior mesenteric lymph
nodes.
Spleen
Pancreaticosplenic lymph nodesceliac lymph nodes
Pancreas
1. Pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes
2. Celiac lymph nodes
3. Superior mesenteric lymph nodes
Liver
1. Superficial lymphatics caval , hepatic, paracardial& celiac lymph
nodes.
2. Deep lymphatics inferior vena cava & hepatic lymph nodes.
Bile duct
1. Cystic nodes celiac lymph nodes
2. Lymph node of omental foramen celiac lymph nodes
3. Hepatic lymph nodes celiac lymph nodes
Gall bladder &
1. Hepatic lymph nodes celiac lymph nodes
cystic duct
2. Cystic lymph nodes celiac lymph nodes
Kidneys
Right & left lumbar ( caval& aortic ) lymph nodes
Ureters
1. Superior part Lumbar lymph nodes
2. Middle part common iliac lymph nodes
3. Inferior part common, external or internal iliac lymph nodes.
Suprarenal
Lateral aortic ( lumbar) lymph nodes
glands
Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)

Anal canal

Ovaries &
uterine tubes
Uterus

External iliac nodes

Internal iliac/lateral aortic nodes
Prostatic urethra internal iliac lymph nodes
Membranous urethra internal iliac lymph nodes
Anterior urethra deep inguinal lymph nodes.
Internal iliac lymph nodes
External iliac lymph nodes
Upper half of rectum : Inferior mesenteric nodes after passing through
pararectal & sigmoid nodes
2. Lower half of rectum: Internal iliac nodes
1. Above pectinate line: Internal iliac lymph nodes common iliac &
lumbar lymph nodes
2. Below pectinate line : Superficial inguinal lymph nodes.
Lateral aortic &preaortic lymph nodes.

Female
urethra
Rectum

1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
1.

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Urinary
bladder
Male urethra

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3 lymphatic territories:
1. Upper lymphatics: Drain into aortic & superficial inguinal lymph nodes.
2. Middle lymphatics: Drain into external iliac lymph nodes.
3. Lower lymphatics: External iliac, internal iliac & sacral nodes.
Vagina
Upper 1/3rd : External iliac nodes
Middle 1/3rd : Internal iliac nodes
Lower 1/3rd : Medial group of superficial inguinal lymph nodes.
Prostate gland
1. Internal iliac lymph nodes.
2. External iliac lymph nodes.
3. Sacral lymph nodes.
Reference: K.L.M & B.D chaurasia

Shared by: Ussama maqbool(N61)