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1) The document outlines Dante's Inferno and describes the 9 circles of Hell. It provides details on the specific sins and people punished in each circle, as well as their torturous punishments and any monsters guarding each circle.
2) Key circles include Limbo for virtuous pagans in Circle 1, lustful souls in a giant tempest in Circle 2, gluttons in a filthy garbage dump in Circle 3, and heretics trapped in fiery tombs in Circle 6.
3) Later circles describe frauds like flatterers sunk in excrement in Circle 8, and treacherous people up to their necks in ice in the various rounds of Circle 9 at the
1) The document outlines Dante's Inferno and describes the 9 circles of Hell. It provides details on the specific sins and people punished in each circle, as well as their torturous punishments and any monsters guarding each circle.
2) Key circles include Limbo for virtuous pagans in Circle 1, lustful souls in a giant tempest in Circle 2, gluttons in a filthy garbage dump in Circle 3, and heretics trapped in fiery tombs in Circle 6.
3) Later circles describe frauds like flatterers sunk in excrement in Circle 8, and treacherous people up to their necks in ice in the various rounds of Circle 9 at the
1) The document outlines Dante's Inferno and describes the 9 circles of Hell. It provides details on the specific sins and people punished in each circle, as well as their torturous punishments and any monsters guarding each circle.
2) Key circles include Limbo for virtuous pagans in Circle 1, lustful souls in a giant tempest in Circle 2, gluttons in a filthy garbage dump in Circle 3, and heretics trapped in fiery tombs in Circle 6.
3) Later circles describe frauds like flatterers sunk in excrement in Circle 8, and treacherous people up to their necks in ice in the various rounds of Circle 9 at the
a. Limbo-Virtuous Pagans i. People: Socrates, Plato, Homer, etc 1. Punishment: No torment, just no hope II. Circle Two a. The Carnal i. People: Helen, Achilles, Francesca and Paolo, Cleopatra 1. Punishment: Swept forever in a giant tempest a. Monsters: Minos-monster that sentences people to the levels by wrapping his tail around himself III. Circle Three a. The Gluttons i. People: Ciacco (the Hog) 1. Punishment: Gigantic garbage dump, filth falls constantly, stinking rain, souls lie in the icy, nasty paste a. Monsters: Cerberus- three headed dog, stands guard and rips them apart IV. Circle Four a. The Hoarders and the Wasters i. People: No famous people 1. Punishment: The two groups push great boulders apart, then together, then apart constantly a. Monsters: At the edge, Plutus menaces Dante and Virgil, but Virgil talks him out of torturing them V. Circle Five a. River of Styx- the Wrathful and the Sullen i. People: Filippo Argenti 1. Punishment: The Wrathful fight forever in the swampy river, the Sullen are buried in tombs underneath the water a. Monsters: To get across the river, Dante and Virgil ride on a boat with Phlegyes, the Boatman of Styx i. This is the end of Upper Hell VI. Circle Six a. The Heretics; City of Dis; the Fallen Angels i. People:Farinata Degli Uberti, Cavalcante de Cavalcanti, Pope Anastasius 1. Punishment: Sinners are trapped in fiery tombs a. Monsters: The Three Furies and Medusa are at the Gate of Dis; the Heavenly Messenger opens the Gate VII. Circle Seven a. The Violent and Bestial (Sins of the Lion) Round 1: Against Neighbors i. People: Alexander the Great, Attila 1. Punishment: buried in river of boiling blood according to severity of sin
a. Monsters: Minotaur, at beginning of the circle, then
the Centaurs, but Virgil wins over their chief, Chiron, and gets Nessus to help them across the river Round 2: Against Themselves ii. People: Pier Delle Vigne, Lano de Siena 1. Punishment: Trapped in trees (Wood of Suicides), chewed on and chased by Harpies a. Monsters: The Harpies- dog-like monsters that tear at the trees Round 3: Against God, Nature, and Art (Blasphemers, Perverts, Usurers,Sodomites) iii. People: Brunetto, Capaneus 1. Punishment: trapped in burning sand; rain of fire; burned from above and below a. Monsters: Geryon, at crossing from 7th to 8th circle, flies Virgil and Dante over the waterfall VIII. Circle 8 a. Malebolge (Evil Ditches) (Beginning of Hell of the Fraudulent and Malicious) -Simple Fraud 1: Panderers and Seducers i. People: Jason 1. Punishment: must walk alongside the ditch constantly a. Monsters: demons with lashes keeping them walking 2: Flatterers: ii. People: Thais, Alessio Interminelli 1. Punishment: sunk in excrement 3: Simoniacs iii. People: Pope Nicholas III 1. Punishment: sinners immersed in pool-like crevices with their feet out, feet are burnt according to the degree of their sins 4: Fortune Tellers and Diviners iv. People: TIresias, Eurypylus 1. Punishment: heads backwards, must walk backwards, eyes blinded with tears 5: Grafters v. People: Senator of Lucca 1. Punishment: immersed in boiling tar, torn at by demons a. Monsters: demons with grappling hooks, leader: Malacoda, demon minions. 6: Hypocrites vi. People: Jovial Friars, Caiaphas 1. Punishment: wear cloaks lined with lead, trudge around giant circle 7: Thieves
vii. People: Vanni Fucci, 5 noble thieves of Florence
1. Punishment: snakes wrapped around them, binding their hands, they are stabbed in the neck by the serpents and destroyed by fire and regenerated painfully 8: Evil Counselors viii. People: Ulysses and Diomede 1. Punishment: blind and enclosed in flames 9: Sowers of Discord (religious, political, and between kinsmen) ix. People: Mohammed, Pier da Medicina, Bertrand de Born 1. Punishment: eternally hacked by giant demons with bloody swords, then painfully regenerate while walking around a circle, then at the end of the circle, they are hacked again 10: Falsifiers (Alchemists, counterfeiters, perjurers, impersonators) 1. Punishments: darkness, stench, filth, disease, shrieks, thirst a. Alchemists: i. People: Capocchio 1. Punishment: Scabs covering body b. Impersonators: i. People: Gianni Schicchi and Myrra 1. Punishment: Changed into hogs chasing others c. Counterfeiters: i. People: Master Adam 1. Punishment: eternal thirst, cracked tongues, bloated bellies d. Perjurers: i. People: Potiphars Wife, SInon the Greek 1. Punishment: fever, smoke/heat cooking body IV. Circle 9: Compound Fraud: - Between Circles 8 and 9 are the Giants-Nimrod, Antaeus, etc Round 1: Caina x. Treacherous to Kin 1. People: Alessandro, Napoleon a. Punishment: up to necks in ice; can bend necks Round 2: Antenora xi. Treacherous to Country 1. People: Bocca Degli Abbati (the one Dante treats with savagery) a. Punishment: heads above ice, but cannot bend necks. Some bite at each other Round 3: Ptolomea xii. Treacherous to Guests and Hosts 1. People: Friar Alberigo a. Punishment: Only half of face out of ice, tears freeze in their eyes Round 4: Judeca xiii. Treacherous to Masters 1. People: Judas Iscariot (in central mouth of Satan), Brutus and Cassius (in side mouths of Satan)
a. Punishment: buried completely and distorted in ice