Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar
Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag. 1 to
30
Published: September 8,
2015
ESPOLTech Petroleum
Corporation.
Made by:
Erika Castillo.
Petroleum Engineering
Student.
Asset Team Manager.
Made by:
Kevin Tobar.
Petroleum Engineering
Student.
Asset Team Manager
Approved by:
MSc. Gabriela
Morales.
Petroleum Engineering
Master.
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
Distribution list.
Name
Company.
Engineer A.
Engineer B.
Engineer C.
Engineer D.
Auxiliary A1
Auxiliary C1
Auxiliary D1
Auxiliary D2
Auxiliary D3
Mechanical Auxiliary.
Table 1- People who works in the drilling process. (Schlumberger) Modified by Erika Castillo,
Kevin Tobar
Directory list.
Name
Company
Telephone.
ESPOLTech Petroleum
Company.
ESPOLTech Petroleum
Company.
Mud Petroleum Company
Services.
Bit Petroleum Company
Services.
Logging Petroleum
Company Services.
Drilling Petroleum Company
Services.
Mud Petroleum Company
Services.
Logging Petroleum
Company Services.
Drilling Petroleum Company
Services.
Drilling Petroleum Company
Services.
Drilling Petroleum Company
Team Manager)
kbtobar@espol.edu.ec
Engineer A. ( Mud Engineer)
a@mudcompany.org.com
Engineer B. ( Bit Engineer)
b@bitcompany.org.com
Engineer C. (Logging Engineer)
c@loggingcompany.org.com
Engineer D. (Drilling Engineer)
d@drillcompany.org.com
Auxiliary A1. (Petroleum Technologist)
a1@ mudcompany.org.com
Auxiliary C1. (Petroleum Technologist)
c1@ loggingcompany.org.com
Auxiliary D1. (Petroleum Technologist)
d1@ drillingcompany.org.com
Auxiliary D2. (Petroleum Technologist)
D2@ drillingcompany.org.com
Auxiliary D3. (Petroleum Technologist)
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
Services.
ESPOLTech Petroleum
Company.
Table 2- Information about people who works in the drilling program (Schlumberger).
Modified by Erika Castillo, Kevin Tobar
Organizational Chart.
Kevin
Benjamn
Tobar
Mercado.
Company
Man
Engineer A.
Professional who modify the
characteristics of drilling mud
and he or she is responsable
of every decisitions abouth the
drilling mud for each
formation.
Erika
Lisseth
Castillo
Castillo
Company
Womman.
Person
who works
to the
operating
company
and he or
she gives
the rulers
and orders
to
everybody
in the field
while the
drilling is
running.
Engineer B.
Bit Engineer.
Professional specialized in bits.
He cares and manage all
operations that envolved to
the bits to be used for each
section during drilling.
Auxiliary A1
Person who helps to Engineer A taking
samples in the mud tank, taking the
necesary data to control the
characterists of the well.
Engineer C.
Logging Engineer.
Professional who works with
others professionals to bring
some information abouth LWD,
MWD, plots, chats,
evaluations, and loggings like
caliper, SP, density, porosity,
gamma ray, so on.
Auxiliary C1
Person who helps with some
operations that the Engineer C require.
Engineer D.
Drilling Engineer.
Professional who aproved all
operations abouth the well, he
or she get every data of the
others engineers to take
desicions to drill the well.
Auxiliary D1
workman who operate the drilling
tools.
Auxiliary D2
Person who suport to others auxiliaries
with the drilling tools.
Auxiliary D3
Person who helps with the lubrication
of the drilling tool.
Table 3- Description about the functions for each person in the drilling process. (Erika
Castillo, 2015)
Content.
1.
2.
3. GENERAL INFORMATION.......................................................................7
3.1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................7
4. GEOLOGY................................................................................................. 7
4.1 TOPS OF THE FORMATION..................................................................8
5. DRILLING FLUIDS.................................................................................. 9
6. CASING DESIGNING............................................................................ 12
7. CEMENTING........................................................................................... 16
7.1 CEMENT TOPS.................................................................................. 16
7.2 CEMENTING DESIGNING................................................................17
7.2.1 Operational sequence Cementation/Revetment 13-3/8''. 17
7.2.2 Operational sequence Cementation/Revetment 9-5/8''....18
7.2.3 Production Liner Cementing 7"..............................................18
8. WELL CONTROL..................................................................................... 18
8.1 Primary Well Control......................................................................18
8.2 Secondary Well Control..................................................................19
8.3 Tertiary well control.......................................................................19
9. BHA DESIGNING................................................................................... 20
10. CONCLUSION...................................................................................... 22
11. SUGGESTION....................................................................................... 22
12. REFERENCES....................................................................................... 22
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
First Goal :
Location
Castillo-Tobar
Date
Sandstone T lower
Oilfield :
Castillo-Tobar V
Estimated days
:
25 days (Drilling)
Cellar
:
Rig
Rev. 20"
N/A
RTE
September ,
2015
Gustavo
Galindo
CT-15
Rig-2015
865.01
relative
@ MSL
Rev. 13 3/8" :
5320 MD / TVD @ 0
Liner 7
8760 MD / TVD @ 0
Target
:
RKB
26'
relative @ GL
is important.
When starting operations continue in the Loss Prevention Team (LPT)
with the participation of at least one representative from each
company in the project, which will meet at least once every seven
days to analyse and / or discuss issues regarding QHSE (Quality,
do it.
Drills will be conducted according to the standards of well control. The
attention paid to these drills and response time should be reported in
the Open Wells and drill the IADC format.
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
Environmental
of the hole.
Monitoring / report daily operating hours of the hammers, MWD tools,
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
3. GENERAL INFORMATION.
3.1 INTRODUCTION.
The Castillo-Tobar Well was consider like a vertical producer well in
the Gustavo Galindo Oilfield. We have designed this well with 3 revetment
and we have selected to Hollin Top Sandstone like our producer zone.
The surface revetment is of 13 3/8" will be located at the top of
Orteguaza to the depth of 5320 feet. Then, an intermediate revetment
production of 9 5/8" is located on top of Basal Tena with a depth of
8,760pies. Finally, the area of interest will be covered using a liner 7
"located at 10,090 feet (Final Depth).
The main operational goals are:
4. GEOLOGY.
The Gustavo Galindo Oilfield is located in Prosperina, 30.5 km
Perimetral Avenue, Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador.
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
Figure 1- Contour Map and Elevations of Gustavo Galindo Oilfield (Erika Castillo, 2015)
MD (ft)
TVD (ft)
5422.01
6443.01
6620.01
7382.01
7923.01
8810.01
8812.01
9080.01
9292.01
9329.01
9408.01
5422.01
6443.01
6620.01
7382.01
7923.01
8810.01
8812.01
9080.01
9292.01
9329.01
9408.01
8
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Base Limestone A
Top U Superior
Top U Inferior
Base U Inferior
Top Limestone B
Top T Superior
Top T Inferior
Top Limestone C
Top Hollin Superior
Top Hollin Inferior
TD
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
9480.01
9515.01
9550.01
9603.01
9685.01
9699.01
9769.01
9929.01
9942.01
9966.01
10090.00
9480.01
9515.01
9550.01
9603.01
9685.01
9699.01
9769.01
9929.01
9942.01
9966.01
10090.00
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
The density of the drilling mud is one of the main parameters for drilling
and for calculating hydraulic; where the mud will gradually increase as
drilling deeper in order to control the formation pressure.
Remove cuttings downhole: Main function of the mud drilling that must
continually remove cuttings generated at the surface, which could reduce
the efficiency of the string. For this purpose the mud must be designed to:
Transporting the cuts to surface while circulating.
Suspend the courts while it is not circulating.
Eject suspension cuts on the surface.
The mud properties can be modified to suit different downhole conditions:
Downhole conditions/
Function of drilling mud.
Transporting cuts downhole
to surface.
Prevent the influx of
formation fluids into the well
Properties can be
modified.
Yield point, apparent
viscosity, velocity, gel
strengths.
Density of mud.
10
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
recommendable to use oil-base mud for drilling this wells because the oil
can balance the characteristics that warm modify in the mud.
With this information, we can designed the drilling mud for each section in
the process:
SECTIO
REVETMENT
DEPH
LITHOLOGY
MUD TYPE
DENSITY
N HOLE
16 "
[ft]
0 - 5.320
Indiferenciado
Native fluid
[ppg]
8.4
12 1/4
Intermediate
Native fluid
12.5
Native fluid
9.2
Chalcana
5/8
8 1/2
Liner 7
9-
5,720
Orteguaza
9,423
Tiyuyacu
8,760
10,090
Tena
Basal
Tena
Napo
Limesto
ne
Sand
USand T
- Holln
In the above table, it is described for each section of the drilling sludge
type to be used and the respective density, but this density is not always
constant for the entire height of the formation due to the different pressures
to find along the process. Therefore, we introduce the term ECD to extend
the knowledge of the management of drilling mud.
The ECD is the effective density with drilling mud circulating through the
system while drilling. This density is the one that generates the actual
pressure of the drilling fluid on the formation being traversed. And this
equation is given by the sum of the normal mud density, under static
conditions, the ratio of the pressure drop in the bit and product depth
0.052.
Factors affecting the ECD are the main properties of the sludge which
must interact as directly affect the ECD way:
11
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
strengths from less because when the rotation is stopped during drilling
system becomes static, and you need to restart printing additional pressure
to circulating system and break the thixotropic of the mud.
They must balance, Petroleum Engineer cannot play much down mud
properties to improve ECD, taking into account the parameters using a
minimum to ensure hole cleaning and stability, then you have to design the
system so that there is a balance between a good ECD that will not damage
or fracture the formation and generate a good cleaning well ensuring
stability.
12
REVETMENT 13-3/8
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
Hole 16 @ 5200MD/5200TVD
Inclination: 0 Deg.
REVETMENT 9-5/8
LINER 7
Max. Inclination 0o @ 0MD
13
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
curve
indicates
the
onset
of
geo-pressures,
after
4500
feet,
approximately to the depth of 4600 feet, seating the first casing, the
surface or 13 3/8 ". After that in the graph a normal pressure is observed
up before reaching the depth of 7000 feet, taking into account that in the
very depths between 6,000 feet and 7,000 feet there is a fractured zone
which means that you should have a sludge that controls loss of filtering
fracture proof material loss, or what is known in the world of drilling as LCM
(Lost circulation materials), that must be added to the sludge to prevent
dehydration, then another area until 8000 geo-pressures feet. Personally,
we would seat the casing about 100 feet after the geo-pressures, that is to
the depth of 8100 feet, until then the intermediate casing, thereafter hang
one liner 7 inches from 8100 feet to 10,000 feet deep because from there is
14
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
already the charging zone, we mean the reservoir and should be stable to
run and complete records after cementing the well hole.
15
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
16
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
Figure 3- graph (pore/fracture pressure) for the oil field, provided by (Morales, 2015)
7. CEMENTING.
The function of the cementing is to keep the casing attached to the shaft
wall on pressures prevent the formation into the well to avoid contamination
by freshwater aquifers.
The additives of the cementing help to control pH, for preventing the
reproduction of bacteria, to control the setting time, to increase or decrease
the viscosity.
Some casing strings are not cemented back to surface, the problem is
when the annular space is not fully cemented, the casing collapse or deform
and it can produce possible contamination of saturated water for human
consumption zones. In addition, the casing can be exposed to corrosion in
contact with corrosive fluids.
There are some cements type, like:
time.
C. Type D, E and F: Isnt common.
C. Type G: Its compatible with most additives, we can use this type
of
cement
for
cementing
formations
with
high
pressure
and
Slurry
Tail
Top
15.6 ppg
Type "A"
4820
13.5 ppg
Type "A"
Superficial
Planne
d
Excess
0%
15.8 ppg
Type "G"
8260
13.5 ppg
Type "G"
5200
10%
16.4
ppg
Type "G"
8940
13.8 ppg
Type "G"
8700
20%
over
caliper
Slurry
Lead
Top
Table 8- Cement types and densities used per section. (Schlumberger) Modified by Castillo,
Tobar.
17
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
To view better the information filled in the table we have added a figure
to represent the wells scheme with the revetments and the cementation.
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
of the volume of track shoe. Testing casing using 500 psi above the seating
pressure of the cap. After the cement must settle the casing 13 3/8 "deep.
equations
Vol. anular=
and
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
height in the annulus and help to remove the intrusion of water from above,
below or within in the oil producing zone.
8. WELL CONTROL.
8.1 Primary Well Control.
So the primary control is defined as the prevention of formation fluid
flow by maintaining a hydrostatic pressure equal to or greater than the
pressure of the formation fluids, but lower than the fracture pressure of the
formation. It is very important to make ensure that well control is preserved
at all times.
This includes:
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
9. BHA DESIGNING.
21
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
WOB = (21.87 lb / ft) x (1000ft) + (65 klbs), then the value of WOP
approximately 218.7 klbs from top to bottom (10,000 ft MD), assuming a
weight of 65 klbs by Heavy weight drill pipes, weight on bit (WOB) applied
in the last section, is generally less than 10% of the weight of the drill
string, because the bit does not hold as much weight as if you apply too
much weight, the BHA will sag and will start taking inclination and what we
want is to maintain the verticality of the well then you have to analyze the
WOB to apply in this section will be between 10 and 20 KLBS weight that
will support the bit of the total weight of the drill string. The BHA to be used
should be a basic BHA because a vertical pit is greater complications, such
BHA should be:
1) Drill PDC 8 1/2 " (This bit should be 6 and 6 nozzles fins with a TFA
between 0.5 and 0.6 , and an area of considerable cuts eviction ).
2) A motor with plain and simple shirt.
3) A substitute float, which is what will make the engine and gear to act as
a check valve so that there is no flow in reverse.
4) A stabilizer 8 3/8 "to give stability to the BHA packaging.
5) Monel pony or what is the same a short non-magnetic drill collar, to
prevent magnetic interference.
6) The MWD tool that will register well data of orientation, azimuth,
direction, inclination, coordinates.
7) A short Monel or drill collar.
8) Heavy weight drill pipe.
9) A hydraulic hammer to the drawbacks are as mechanical or differential.
10) More heavy drill pipe (HWDP).
11) Drill pipe and dill pipe.
All this will give verticality to the well, the BHA is heavy and vertical.
23
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
The production section , always drilling with drill PDC 6 fins is the best
to provide durability due to the abrasive lithology's, and has an area of good
eviction before the MWD tool, should go a " Monel pony" that is aa drill
strain nonmagnetic that do not interfere with the MWD, and after the MWD
must be another monel, across string, whatever, should go a " hydraulic jar"
I mean a hydraulic hammer when the string sticking , to stress and
hammering and recover the string, provided HWDP ( pipe heavy drilling ) is
used in the BHA, because it makes as pendulum effect, it gives weight to
maintain direction whole string must have a stabilizer or a set of them,
depending the purpose of the BHA .
10. CONCLUSION.
A drilling program is a document which register all information about
the well, is a document elaborated by the operating company annexing the
information given by the services companies. The services companies bring
information about bit selection, logging, mud logging, geology, drilling
fluids, cementing, casing designing, BHA designing, so on. The information
solved in this document is based in the descripted references and was
modified by us with the objective to bring a paper which to help to other
students in the petroleum career. Finally, learning to read a drilling program
means to learn everything about the well, the hole and the reservoir.
11. SUGGESTION.
Group work with accurate and verified information, know to analyze
data, use correctly the equations for making calculates, and manage the
content of the report and to respect the authors of their references.
12. REFERENCES.
Erika Castillo, K. T. (2015). Drilling Program Castillo-Tobar Vertical Well.
Guayaquil.
24
DRILLING
PROGRAM.
Castillo-Tobar Well
Ver. 1.0
Pag.
Published: Ago 27,
2015
25