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My first Variable DC Power

Supply 1.2V to 30V 1A by


LM317
If you are beginner in electronics and you
want to have a great power supply. This project
is design for you. It can supply voltage 1.2V to
30V at all range is 1A.

Figure 1 The My first Variable DC Power


Supply.

This is the First DC power supply in my


life that made to use in many projects. It is
ideal for those who want to adjust voltage from
1.25V to 30V and currents up to 1A.
Which is sufficient for normal use, such
as the power supply instead of an one 1.5V
AA battery, or when you want to listen to music
from a 30-watt amplifier that required voltage of
24V 1A, it can be done easily.
In the days before that we commonly
used the transistor that is very difficult, large,
and probably more expensive than ICs.
LM317T the ever popular
But this circuit can be created with a
single IC is LM317.
The LM317 or LM117 series of adjustable
3-terminal positive voltage regulators is capable
of supplying in excess of 1.5A over a 1.2V to
37V output range.

Figure 2 The LM317T, I love it.


Note: be careful Out pin is connected to metal
body.
And has many special features that I like are :
Output Voltage Tolerance 1%
Line Regulation 0.01%
Load Regulation 0.3%
Prevent the deposition temperature.
Short-circuit protection.

Ripple is eliminated with ratio of 80dB


Maximum input voltage 40V
The working of circuits
Followed circuits below, the transformer
T1 is changed a AC 220V down as AC 24V to
the bridge diode rectifier D1 to D4 there is dc
voltage into the filter capacitor C1 equal to
DC35V

Figure 3 circuit diagram

Note: See large circuit at: 3-circuit diagram of


variable power supply 12530v_1a_by_lm317t.jpg
The output voltage from IC1 Depending on the
Voltage Adj pin of the IC. Or to adjust the VR1.
The VR1 is control output dc voltage 0V(1.25V)
to 30V(32V) or 37V maximum voltage at 1.5A
max all range.
Calculate the LM317 output voltage
And we can calculate output voltage equal to:
Vout = 1.25 x {1+ (Rp/R1)
- Vref = 1.25V
- Typically R1 is 220 ohms or 240 ohms as
data sheet. I use 220 ohms.
- Normally as data sheet I see them use VR=
5K (Potentiometer) But I have VR-10K only
since it easy to use.
Rp = {(VR1 x R2) / (VR1 + R2)}

Then we test it,Suppose, rotate VR1 to lowest


resistance cause Rp = 0 hms. put it in formula
above:
Vout = 1.25 x {1+(0/220)}
= 1.25V
But when adjust VR1 to maximum resistance
VR1 and R2 are parallel together. Rp = 5.46K =
5460 ohms. test it in formula above:
Vout = 1.25 x {1+(5460/220)}
= 32.2V
Then the capacitor C3 is Better performance
filter of IC1.
The diode D5 and D6 are the protector from
external voltage to reverse to makes the
damage to the IC1.
Parts you need
IC1_____LM317T

D1-D6___1N4007 Diode 1000V 1A


R1_____220 ohms Resistor 1/4W
R2_____12K Resistor 1/4W
VR1____10K__Potentiometer
C1_____1,000uF 50V___Electrolytic Capacitor
C2_____0.1uF 50V_____Polyester Capacitor
C3_____470uF 50V___Electrolytic Capacitor
C4_____10uF 50V___Electrolytic Capacitor
T1____Transformer secondary coil 24V 1A (use
2A better) ***Read text below.

The PCB of this projects and layout diagram.


How to builds
Firstly you need to builds the PCB as
Figure 4 .

Figure 4 the PCB layout.


(This image is 300px per inch for printer.)
and then soldered components on the PCB as
shown Figure 5 correctly completed.

Figure 5 the components layout


And The LM317 should be installed on the heat

sink that fits.


And a the terminals device. Be careful with the
terminals, especially Electrolytic
Capacitor,Diode.
***The transformer to set output voltage.
As show in circuit we use 24V transformer
making have voltage output is 30V(about
32Vdc)
But you use 18V transformer will have
output is 22V maximum.
I like this way because I have this
transformer a lot.
OR
If you output near 30V we can modify
transformer connecting is 21V. It cause output
is about 30V maximum.
I select this way when some project
required 25V up.

Caution
I have old a transformer 12V CT 12V

output, but I measure it as 30.9V too much


voltage.
It may cause over voltage DCV as 30.9V
x 1.414 = 43.7V. Which can be damaged to
IC1 by too much current.
Video: over-voltage-transformer.mov
So I modify another transformer 12V CT
12V and 0V 6V 9V 12V output into 21-volts.
as Figure 6
This circuit perfectly works, as video below. I
can adjust voltage output is 1.25V to 27V since
I use the 21V output transformer.

Figure 6

Modify the transformer into 21V

Video: how to modify the transformer


Modify-transformer-21v.mov
If you can fine 24V or 12V CT 12V it
cause output up to 30V but IC over heat when
short circuit or over load.

As video: 1-25v-to-27v-variable-regulator1a-using-lm317.mov
I test circuit with 12V 8W lamp as load. A
steady (DC) Voltage will not be transferred from
12V.

Adding fine adjustable voltage.


Many begin friends tell me this project
difficult to adjust voltage output. so I add
potentiometer 1K and parallel 1K-resistor
together. then connects them to VR1 as Figure
7 and Figure 8

Figure 7 adding function thoroughly adjust


voltage output.

Figure 8 connecting two potentiometers


You will see that we can adjust voltage at VR2
(new) is 4 volts since resistance sum of 500
ohms approximately.

As Figure 9 the wiring inside this projects.


For example I set voltage is 9V with rotate VR1
is 8.00V and rotate VR2 easily to control the
output voltage of 9.00V.
View in video below.
add function thoroughly adjust voltage
output.mov
I assemble in universal box to use easily.

In addition, you may modify these circuits work


as well a lot.
Thanks for read.
By Momename
www.eleccircuit.com

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