MonorailDesignReference:CSAS1609,CMAA742004

Given:

Beamdesignation:S310x74
d=305mm
b=139mm
t=16.7mm
w=17.4mm
Ag=9470mm2
Sx=833000mm3
Sy=93300mm3

Zy=169000mm3

Ix=1.27E+08mm4
Iy=6480000mm4

Cw=1.35e+11mm6

J=1.16e+06mm4
Deadloadofbeam:Ws=0.729kN/m

=[G.J/(Es.Cw)]0.5=[77,000x1.16e+06/(2.00e+05x1.35e+11)]0.5
=0.0018(1/mm)

BasicInformation
Yieldstrength:fy=350MPa
Spanofsimplespan:Lx=6000mm
distancefromedgeofflangetopointofwheelloadapplication:a=25mm
Twowheelsatonesideofbeam:nw=2
Flangethicknessatpointofwheelloadapplication:ta=tb/24+a/6=16.7
139.0/24+25.0/6=15.1mm

ImpactFactor
Verticalimpactfactor:iv=0.15
Transverseimpactfactor:it=0.2
Longitudinalimpactfactor:iL=0.1

LateralSupportsofSimpleSpan
distancefromthefirstsupporttotheleftsupport:s1=2000mm
Unsupportlengthaboutweakaxis:Ly=Lxs1=4000mm

Cantilever
Lengthofcantilever:Lc=1000mm
Lateralsupportatthetip
Unsupportlengthaboutweakaxis:Lyc=Lx+Lc=7000mm

Loading
Monorailratingcapacity:Pa=1000kN

Weightoftrolleyandhoist:Wth=1.5kN

Verticalloadingonmonorail:Pv=(1+iv).(Pa+Wth)=(1+0.15)x(1,000.0
+1.5)=1,151.7kN
Transerveloadingonmonorail:Pt=it.(Pa+Wth)=0.2x(1,000.0+1.5)
=200.3kN
Longitudinalloadingonmonorail:PL=iL.(Pa+Wth)=0.1x(1,000.0+1.5)
=100.2kN

Deadloadfactor:D=1.25
Liveloadfactor:L=1.5

Results:

SectionClassification
Sectionclass=1

CodeCheckforSimpleSpan

CriticalForces
Axialcompression:Cf=L.PL=1.5x100.2=150.2kN
Momentaboutstrongaxis:Mfx=(D.Ws).Lx2/8+(L.Pv).Lx/4=(1.25x

0.729)x(6,000.0x0.001)2/8+(1.5x1,151.7)x6,000.0/(4x1,000)
=2,595.5kN.m
Momentaboutweakaxis:Mfy1=(L.Pt).Ly/4=(1.5x200.3)x4,000.0/(4
x1,000)=300.5kN.m

Torque(Pt.d/2)onhalfsectionofmonorail,
Reductionfactor:=tanh(.Lx/2)/(.Lx/2)=tanh(0.0018x6,000.0/2)/
(0.0018x6,000.0/2)=0.18
Analogybeam,equivalentmomentaboutweakaxisforfullsection:Mfy2=.(L
.Pt).Lx/4=0.18x(1.5x200.3)x6,000.0/(4x1,000)=82.6kN.m
Totalmomentaboutweakaxis:Mfy=Mfy1+Mfy2=300.5+82.6=383.0kN.m

AxialCompressiveCapacity
AxialCapacity(Reference:CSAS1609Cl.13.3)

Designation:S310x74
Assume:kz=1
fy=350MPa
kx=1
Lx=6000mm
ky=1
Ly=4000mm

t=16.7mm

b=139mm
A0=9470mm2
rx=116mm

Cw=135x109mm6
J=1160x103mm4
Ix=127x106mm4
ry=26.2mm

Iy=6.48x106mm4
d=305mm
w=17.4mm
x0=0mm
y0=0mm

=ky.Ly/ry=1.0x4,000/26.2=152.7

r0=[x02+y02+rx2+ry2]0.5=[02+02+116.02+26.22]0.5=118.9mm

Fex=2.E/(kx.Lx/rx)2=3.142x2.00e+05/(1.0x6,000/116.0)2=737.8
MPa
Fez=[2.E.Cw/(kz.Lz)2+G.J]/(A0.r02)=(3.142x2.00e+05x1.35e+11/

(1.0x6,000)2+77,000x1.16e+06)/(9,470x118.92)=722.2MPa
Fey=2.E/(ky.Ly/ry)2=3.142x2.00e+05/(1.0x4,000/26.2)2=84.7MPa

n=1.34
=.[fy/(2.E)]0.5=152.7x[350/(3.142x2.00e+05)]0.5=2.03
fs1=fy.[1+2n]1/n=350x[1+2.03(2x1.34)](1/1.34)=76.3MPa
=(fy/Fez)0.5=(350/722.2)0.5=0.7

fs2=fy.[1+2n]1/n=350x[1+0.7(2x1.34)](1/1.34)=275.4MPa
fs=Min.[fs1,fs2]=Min.[76.3,275.4]=76.3MPa
Ae=A=9,470mm2
Cr=.Ae.fs=0.9x9,470x76.3/1,000=651kN

FlexuralStrengthaboutXAxis:Mrx
FlexuralCapacity:(Reference:CSAS1609)

Designation:S310x74
fy=350MPa
Mf=2595.5kN.m
L0=4000mm
2=1

SectionProperties:
Ix=127x106mm4

J=1160x103mm4
Cw=135x109mm6

Zx=1000x103mm3

Sx=833x103mm3
b=139mm
t=16.7mm
A0=9470mm2
d=305mm
Iy=6.48x106mm4
w=17.4mm

h=d2t=271.6mm

LaterallySupportedCapacity,Cl.13.5
Mp=fy.Zx=350x1.00e+06x106=350.0kN.m

LaterallyUnsupportedCapacity,Cl.13.6
Mu=2./L0[Es.Iy.G.J+(.Es/L0)2.Iy.Cw]0.5=1.0x3.14/4,000.0x[

2.00e+05x6.48e+06x77,000x1.16e+06+(3.14x2.00e+05/4,000.0)2x
6.48e+06x1.35e+11]0.5=291.1kN.m
Mu>0.67Mp,Mr0=1.15.Mp.(10.28Mp/Mu)=1.15x0.9x3.50e+08x(1
0.28x3.50e+08/2.91e+08)=240.3kN.m
Momentcapacity:Mr=Min[0.9Mp,Mr0]=240.3kN.m

Unsupportedlengthtomobilizethefullcapacity
Mu=2.15Mp=2.15x3.50e+08=7.53e+08N.mm
a=(Mu/)2=(7.53e+08/3.14)2=5.74e+16
b=Es.Iy.G.J=2.00e+05x6.48e+06x77,000x1.16e+06=1.16e+23

c=(Es.)2.Iy.Cw=(2.00e+05x3.14)2x6.48e+06x1.35e+11=3.45e+29
Lu={[b+(b24a.c)0.5]/(2a)}0.5=1,914mm
Flexualcapacity:Mrx=Mr=240.3kN.m

FlexuralStrengthaboutYAxis:Mry

FlexuralCapacityaboutweakaxis:Mry=.Zy.fy=0.9x1.69e+05x350x10
6=53.2kN.m

BeamColumnCodeCheckCl.13.8

Cex=2.E.Ix/Lx2=3.142x2.00e+05x1.27e+08x0.001/6,000.02=6,964
kN
Cey=2.E.Iy/Ly2=3.142x2.00e+05x6.48e+06x0.001/4,000.02=799kN
U1x=1x/(1Cf/Cex)=0.85/(1150.2/6,963.6)=0.87
U1y=1y/(1Cf/Cey)=0.85/(1150.2/799.4)=1.05

Cf/Cr+0.85U1x.Mfx/Mrx+0.6U1y.Mfy/Mry=150.2/650.6+0.85
x0.87x2,595.5/240.3+0.6x1.05x383.0/53.2=12.73
Mfx/Mrx+Mfy/Mry=2,595.5/240.3+383.0/53.2=18.0

VerticalDeflectionCheck
Verticaldeflection:Dv=5Ws.Lx4/(384Es.Ix)+Pv.Lx3/(48Es.Ix)=5x

0.729x6,000.04/(384x2.00e+05x1.27e+08)+1,151.7x1,000x6,000.03
/(48x2.00e+05x1.27e+08)=204.5mm
Lx/Dv=6,000.0/204.5=29

LateralDeflectionCheck
Lateraldeflection:Dt=Pt.Ly3/(48Es.Iy)=200.3x1,000x4,000.03/(48x
2.00e+05x6.48e+06)=206.1mm
Ly/Dt=4,000.0/206.1=19

LocalStressesforSimpleSpanReference:CMAA742004

StressesfromAxial,Bending,andTorsion
Axialcompressionstress:1=PL/Ag=100.2x1,000/9,470.0=10.6MPa
Momentaboutstrongaxis:Mx=Ws.Lx2/8+Pv.Lx/4=0.729x(6,000.0x

0.001)2/8+1,151.7x6,000.0/(4x1,000)=1,730.9kN.m
NormalstressbyMx:2=Mx/Sx=1,730.9x106/8.33e+05=2,077.9MPa
Momentaboutweakaxis:My1=Pt.Ly/4=200.3x4,000.0/(4x1,000)
=200.3kN.m

Torque(Pt.d/2)onhalfsectionofmonorail,
Analogybeam,equivalentmomentaboutweakaxisforfullsection:My2=.Pt.
Lx/4=0.18x200.3x6,000.0/(4x1,000)=55.1kN.m
Totalmomentaboutweakaxis:My=My1+My2=200.3+55.1=255.4kN.m
NormalstressbyMy:3=My/Sy=255.4x106/93,300.0=2,737.0MPa

StressesfromLocalBendingofFlangesDuetoWheelLoads
=2a/(bw)=2x25.0/(139.017.4)=0.41
Cx0=1.096+1.095+0.192e(6.0)=1.096+1.095x0.41+0.192x
e(6.0x0.41)=0.629
Cx1=3.9654.8353.965e(2.675)=3.9654.835x0.413.965x

e(2.675x0.41)=0.657
Cy0=0.9811.479+1.12e(1.322)=0.9811.479x0.41+1.12xe(1.322
x0.41)=0.34

Cy1=1.811.15+1.06e(7.7)=1.811.15x0.41+1.06xe(7.7x0.41)
=1.382
x0=Cx0.Pv/(2nw.ta2)=0.629x1,151.7x1,000/(2x2x15.12)
=797.5MPa
y0=Cy0.Pv/(2nw.ta2)=0.34x1,151.7x1,000/(2x2x15.12)=430.4

MPa
x1=Cx1.Pv/(2nw.ta2)=0.657x1,151.7x1,000/(2x2x15.12)=832.4
MPa
y1=Cy1.Pv/(2nw.ta2)=1.382x1,151.7x1,000/(2x2x15.12)
=1,750.8MPa
x2=Cx0.Pv/(2nw.ta2)=(0.629)x1,151.7x1,000/(2x2x15.12)
=797.5MPa
y2=Cy0.Pv/(2nw.ta2)=(0.34)x1,151.7x1,000/(2x2x15.12)
=430.4MPa

CombinedStressesatPoint0
x=0.75x0=0.75x(797.5)=598.1MPa
y=0.75y0+1+2=0.75x(430.4)+(10.6)+(2,077.9)=2,390.1MPa
Localmax.stressatpoint0:p0=[x2+y2x.y]0.5=[(598.1)2+

(2,390.1)2(598.1)x(2,390.1)]0.5=2,738.6MPa
p0/(0.66fy)=2,738.6/(0.66x350)=11.86

CombinedStressesatPoint2
x=0.75x2=0.75x(797.5)=598.1MPa
y=0.75y2+1+2=0.75x(430.4)+(10.6)+(2,077.9)=1,744.5MPa
Localmax.stressatpoint2:p2=[x2+y2x.y]0.5=[(598.1)2+

(1,744.5)2(598.1)x(1,744.5)]0.5=1,535.5MPa
p2/(0.66fy)=1,535.5/(0.66x350)=6.65

CombinedStressesatPoint1
x=0.75x1=0.75x(832.4)=624.3MPa
y=0.75y1+1+2+3=0.75x(1,750.8)+(10.6)+(2,077.9)+
(2,737.0)=6,117.4MPa
Localmax.stressatpoint1:p1=[x2+y2x.y]0.5=[(624.3)2+
(6,117.4)2(624.3)x(6,117.4)]0.5=5,830.3MPa
p1/(0.66fy)=5,830.3/(0.66x350)=25.24

CodeCheckforCanilever

CriticalForces
Axialcompression:Cf=L.PL=1.5x100.2=150.2kN

Momentaboutstrongaxis:Mfx=(D.Ws).Lc2/2+(L.Pv).Lc=(1.25x

0.729)x(1,000.0x0.001)2/2+(1.5x1,151.7)x1,000.0/1,000=1,728.0
kN.m
Momentaboutweakaxis:Mfy1=(L.Pt).Lc/4=(1.5x200.3)x1,000.0/(4
x1,000)=75.1kN.m

Torque(Pt.d/2)onhalfsectionofmonorail,
Reductionfactor:=tanh(.Lc)/(.Lc)=tanh(0.0018x1,000.0)/(0.0018x
1,000.0)=0.52

Analogybeam,equivalentmomentaboutweakaxisforfullsection:Mfy2=.(L
.Pt).Lc=0.52x(1.5x200.3)x1,000.0/1,000=156.7kN.m
Totalmomentaboutweakaxis:Mfy=Mfy1+Mfy2=75.1+156.7=231.8kN.m

AxialCompressiveCapacity
AxialCapacity(Reference:CSAS1609Cl.13.3)

Designation:S310x74
Assume:kz=1
fy=350MPa
kx=2
Lx=1000mm
ky=1
Ly=1000mm

t=16.7mm
b=139mm
A0=9470mm2
rx=116mm
Cw=135x109mm6
J=1160x103mm4
Ix=127x106mm4
ry=26.2mm

Iy=6.48x106mm4
d=305mm
w=17.4mm
x0=0mm
y0=0mm

=ky.Ly/ry=1.0x1,000/26.2=38.2

r0=[x02+y02+rx2+ry2]0.5=[02+02+116.02+26.22]0.5=118.9mm

Fex=2.E/(kx.Lx/rx)2=3.142x2.00e+05/(2.0x1,000/116.0)2=6,640.3
MPa
Fez=[2.E.Cw/(kz.Lz)2+G.J]/(A0.r02)=(3.142x2.00e+05x1.35e+11/
(1.0x1,000)2+77,000x1.16e+06)/(9,470x118.92)=2,656.6MPa
Fey=2.E/(ky.Ly/ry)2=3.142x2.00e+05/(1.0x1,000/26.2)2=1,355.0
MPa

n=1.34
=.[fy/(2.E)]0.5=38.2x[350/(3.142x2.00e+05)]0.5=0.51
fs1=fy.[1+2n]1/n=350x[1+0.51(2x1.34)](1/1.34)=312.7MPa
=(fy/Fez)0.5=(350/2,656.6)0.5=0.36

fs2=fy.[1+2n]1/n=350x[1+0.36(2x1.34)](1/1.34)=333.7MPa
fs=Min.[fs1,fs2]=Min.[312.7,333.7]=312.7MPa
Ae=A=9,470mm2
Cr=.Ae.fs=0.9x9,470x312.7/1,000=2,665kN

FlexuralStrengthaboutXAxis:Mrx
FlexuralCapacity:(Reference:CSAS1609)

Designation:S310x74
fy=350MPa
Mf=1728kN.m
L0=7000mm
2=1

SectionProperties:
Ix=127x106mm4
J=1160x103mm4
Cw=135x109mm6

Zx=1000x103mm3

Sx=833x103mm3
b=139mm
t=16.7mm
A0=9470mm2
d=305mm
Iy=6.48x106mm4
w=17.4mm

h=d2t=271.6mm

LaterallySupportedCapacity,Cl.13.5
Mp=fy.Zx=350x1.00e+06x106=350.0kN.m

LaterallyUnsupportedCapacity,Cl.13.6
Mu=2./L0[Es.Iy.G.J+(.Es/L0)2.Iy.Cw]0.5=1.0x3.14/7,000.0x[

2.00e+05x6.48e+06x77,000x1.16e+06+(3.14x2.00e+05/7,000.0)2x
6.48e+06x1.35e+11]0.5=157.3kN.m
Mu0.67Mp,Mr0=0.9Mu=0.9x1.57e+08=141.5kN.m
Momentcapacity:Mr=Min[0.9Mp,Mr0]=141.5kN.m

Unsupportedlengthtomobilizethefullcapacity
Mu=2.15Mp=2.15x3.50e+08=7.53e+08N.mm
a=(Mu/)2=(7.53e+08/3.14)2=5.74e+16
b=Es.Iy.G.J=2.00e+05x6.48e+06x77,000x1.16e+06=1.16e+23

c=(Es.)2.Iy.Cw=(2.00e+05x3.14)2x6.48e+06x1.35e+11=3.45e+29
Lu={[b+(b24a.c)0.5]/(2a)}0.5=1,914mm

Flexualcapacity:Mrx=Mr=141.5kN.m

BeamColumnCodeCheckCl.13.8
Cex=2.E.Ix/(2Lc)2=3.142x2.00e+05x1.27e+08x0.001/(2x1,000.0)2
=62,672kN
Cey=2.E.Iy/Lc2=3.142x2.00e+05x6.48e+06x0.001/1,000.02=12,791
kN
U1x=1x/(1Cf/Cex)=0.85/(1150.2/62,672.0)=0.85
U1y=1y/(1Cf/Cey)=0.85/(1150.2/12,791.0)=0.86
Cf/Cr+0.85U1x.Mfx/Mrx+0.6U1y.Mfy/Mry=150.2/2,665.1+
0.85x0.85x1,728.0/141.5+0.6x0.86x231.8/53.2=11.15
Mfx/Mrx+Mfy/Mry=1,728.0/141.5+231.8/53.2=16.56

VerticalDeflectionCheck
Verticaldeflection:Dv=Ws.Lc4/(8Es.Ix)+Pv.Lc2.(Lx+Lc)/(3Es.Ix)=
0.729x1,000.04/(8x2.00e+05x1.27e+08)+1,151.7x1,000x1,000.02x
(6,000.0+1,000.0)/(3x2.00e+05x1.27e+08)=105.8mm
2Lc/Dv=2x1,000.0/105.8=19

LateralDeflectionCheck
Lateraldeflection:Dt=Pt.Lc3/(48Es.Iy)=200.3x1,000x1,000.03/(48x
2.00e+05x6.48e+06)=3.2mm
Lc/Dt=1,000.0/3.2=311

LocalStressesforCantileverReference:CMAA742004

StressesfromAxial,Bending,andTorsion
Axialcompressionstress:1=PL/Ag=100.2x1,000/9,470.0=10.6MPa
Momentaboutstrongaxis:Mx=Ws.Lc2/2+Pv.Lc=0.729x(1,000.0x

0.001)2/2+1,151.7x1,000.0/1,000=1,152.1kN.m
NormalstressbyMx:2=Mx/Sx=1,152.1x106/8.33e+05=1,383.1MPa
Momentaboutweakaxis:My1=Pt.Lc/4=200.3x1,000.0/(4x1,000)
=50.1kN.m

Torque(Pt.d/2)onhalfsectionofmonorail,
Analogybeam,equivalentmomentaboutweakaxisforfullsection:My2=.Pt.
Lc=0.52x200.3x1,000.0/1,000=104.5kN.m
Totalmomentaboutweakaxis:My=My1+My2=50.1+104.5=154.6kN.m
NormalstressbyMy:3=My/Sy=154.6x106/93,300.0=1,656.5MPa

CombinedStressesatPoint0
x=0.75x0=0.75x(797.5)=598.1MPa

y=0.75y0+1+2=0.75x(430.4)+(10.6)+(1,383.1)=1,695.3MPa
Localmax.stressatpoint0:p0=[x2+y2x.y]0.5=[(598.1)2+

(1,695.3)2(598.1)x(1,695.3)]0.5=2,060.5MPa
p0/(0.66fy)=2,060.5/(0.66x350)=8.92

CombinedStressesatPoint2
x=0.75x2=0.75x(797.5)=598.1MPa
y=0.75y2+1+2=0.75x(430.4)+(10.6)+(1,383.1)=1,049.7MPa
Localmax.stressatpoint2:p2=[x2+y2x.y]0.5=[(598.1)2+

(1,049.7)2(598.1)x(1,049.7)]0.5=912.0MPa
p2/(0.66fy)=912.0/(0.66x350)=3.95

CombinedStressesatPoint1
x=0.75x1=0.75x(832.4)=624.3MPa
y=0.75y1+1+2+3=0.75x(1,750.8)+(10.6)+(1,383.1)+
(1,656.5)=4,342.1MPa
Localmax.stressatpoint1:p1=[x2+y2x.y]0.5=[(624.3)2+

(4,342.1)2(624.3)x(4,342.1)]0.5=4,066.0MPa
p1/(0.66fy)=4,066.0/(0.66x350)=17.6

WebBendingunderLateralLoading(FYI)
Mf=(L.Pt).(d2t)=(1.5x200.3)x(305.02x16.7)/1,000=81.6kN.m
Webflexuralcapacityofeffectivesection:Mr=.(24w.w2/4).fy=0.9x(24x
17.4x17.42/4)x350x106=10.0kN.m
Mf/Mr=81.6/10.0=8.2

FlangeBendingunderVerticalLoading(FYI)
Mf=(L.Pv).(bw)/(4nw)=(1.5x1,151.7)x(139.017.4)/(1,000x4x
2)=26.3kN.m
tm=t+(bw)/24=16.7+(139.017.4)/24=21.8mm
Flangeflexuralcapacityofeffectivesection:Mr=.(24tm.tm2/6).fy=0.9x
(24x21.8x21.82/6)x350x106=13.0kN.m
Mf/Mr=26.3/13.0=2.02