Solution: Tutorial sheet-5

UMT302- MECHATRONICS MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

1. True value of current, I = 30.4(1+0.012) = 30.765A
True value of resistance, R = 0.105(1-0.003) = 0.1047
True value of power, I2R = (30.765)2 x 0.1047 = 99.097W
Measured value of power = (30.4)2 x 0.105 = 97.037W
x 100 =

x 100 = 102.1%

We arrive at the same results by using the following method:

Power = I2R
Total relative error:
2 x (-0.12)+0.003 = -0.021
=

= 1.021 = 102.1%

2. P = Af2 + Bf or P/f = Af + B
the above relationship can be expressed as y = Ax + B
Which is straight line relationship between y = P/f and x = f
Writing the values for finding the results for the best straight line relationship between y = P/f
and x/f.
x/f
1100
1400
1700
2000
y = Pi /f
0.04182
0.04429
0.05529
0.061
The various quantities are tabulated below:
xi
yi
x i yi
xi2
1100
0.04182
46
1.21 x 106
1400
0.04429
62
1.96 x 106
1700
0.05529
94
2.89 x 106
2000
0.061
122
4.00 x 106
xi =6200
yi = 0.2024 xi yi = 324
xi2 = 10.06 x 106
The values of A and B for the best straight line fit using method of least squares are found by
using eqn:
A=

and B =

Therefore, A = 22.8 x 10-6 and B = 15.19 x 10-3

Hence the best fit relationship is: P = 22.8x10-6 f2 + 15.19 x 10-3 f mW
3. We have resistance R = V/I = VI-1
weighted probable error in the resistance due to voltage is,
rRV =

rV = I-1 rV = rV/I =

Weighted probable error in resistance due to current,

rRI =

rI =

rI =

x (2) = 2

using eqn. given below, probable error in computed resistance is,

rR =

= 2.33

4. When two resistance are connected in series the resultant resistance is: R = R1 + R2

= 1 and

=1

Hence, uncertainty in the total resistance: WR = (

= 0.1044

The total resistance is: R = 100 + 50 = 150 and v=can be expressed as R = 150 0.1044
When the two resistances are connected in parallel, the resultant resistance is:
R=

= 33.33

=
=

= 0.111

0.444

Hence, uncertainty in the total resistance: WR = (

= 0.01734

The total resistance is: R = 33.33 0.01734

5. The circuit diagram is shown below:

(i)

P = E2/R

and

hence uncertainty in power measurement

WP =( )

(ii) P = EI = I and = E
Percentage uncertainty in power
measurement
x100 = ( )

( )

= ( )
=( )

Percentage uncertainty in measurement

of power is calculated by putting P= E2/R.
WP x100 = (

= 2.236%

) X100

( )

X100

( ) x 100

= 1.414%
Comment: The second method off power
determination gives a much lower uncertainty
that first one even though basic uncertainties in
each quantity are the same. A conclusion drawn
is that a judicious selection of method of
measurement is important in order to reduce the
uncertainty in the final computed solution.