LYSOSOM

LYSOSOME

comes from the Greek words

lysis
witch
means
dissolution or destruction
and soma witch mean body.
Nickname suicide bag by
the cell.
are single membrane bound,
vesicular
cell
organelles
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Lysosome
it contains powerful acid and
enzymes to digest and
destroy foreign particles or
worn cell parts
garbage disposal of the
cell responsible for
digesting and recycling
materials that the cell no

Who discovered
lysosome?
A Belgium scientist Christian DeDuve discovered lysosome.
Lysosomes are manufactured by
Golgi apparatus, by budding, in
the cell and the various digestive
enzymes that are present in the
lysosomes are produced in the
endoplasmic reticulum.
Budding is a form of asexual

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Lysosome
Structure

acidic interior
contains hydrolytic
enzyme
surrounded by a
membrane

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Acidic interior

the acid is about 4.8 to

5 pH compared with the
slightly
basic
intracellular
fluid
(cytosol) that surrounds
organelles
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Contains hydrolytic
enzyme

enzymes are kept inside

the lysosomal
membrane and remains
inactive
lysosomal enzymes are
collectively called
hydrolases which mostly

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Surrounded by a
membrane

outer surface is
formed by a single
membrane,
phospholipid bilayer
that can fuse with
some
other
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Formation of
Lysosome

Golgi

apparatus which
are present in the vast
majority of eukaryotic
cells, forms tiny vesicles
that
separate,
some
descriptions say bud ,
from
the
ends
of
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Some enzymes present

in lysosome:

Proteases
Lipases
Carbohydrases

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Lysosome
Function

Digestion

of ingested material
(by releasing enzyme into the
new vacuole)
Destruction of aged red blood
cell and dead cells
Defense against invading
bacteria and viruses.
Autophagy and Cell Death (by
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Lysosome
Function

Autophagy from the Greek word self

and eat. A normal physiological
process in the body that deals with
destruction of cells in the body. Also
kills the cells under certain conditions.
Mediated by a unique organelle called
autophagosome.
Lysosomes can also destroy the cell if it
breaks open accidentally
UV light damages lysosome
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Process involved in
lysosomal actions:

Phagocytosis (from Greek phago,

meaning eating, cyte, meaning
vessel, and osis meaning process)is
the cellular process of engulfing
solid particles by the cell membrane.

Lysosome Disorders

a group of approximately 50
rare
inherited
metabolic
disorders that result from
defects in lysosomal function.
Caused
by
lysosomal
dysfunction usually as a
consequence of deficiency of
a single enzyme required for

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Lysosome Disorders
TaySachs

disease

it causes a progressive
deterioration of mental
and physical abilities
that commences around
six months of age and
usually results in death
by the age of four.

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Lysosome Disorders

Gauchers Disease

genetic disorder where

theres
accumulation
of
lipids in cells and organs.
Results from a mutation in
the gene that encodes a
lysosomal enzyme required
for
the
breakdown
of
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