Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Country
Common
Deficiencies
Common Issues
(Zangmo, 2012;
Bilukha, Howard,
Wilkinson, Bamrah,
Husain, 2011;
Zangmo, de Onis, &
Dorji, 2011)
Bhutan
Vitamin B12
Stunting
Underweight
Anemia
Low consumption of meat, eggs,
and dairy products (Vitamin B12
sources)
(UNICEF, 2004;
GNR-B, 2014)
Bulgaria
Iodine
Stunting
Wasting
Thiamine
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
(PEM)
Low intake of calories
Overnutrition
Stunting
Wasting
Underweight
Lack of knowledge by doctors to
treat causes of malnutrition and
local culture food taboos
Ethiopia
Vitamin A
Zinc
Vitamin D
Folate
Undernutrition
Stunting
Wasting
Underweight
Diarrheal morbidity related to
infections
Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM)
Anemia
Low consumption of meat, fish,
and dairy products
Low diet diversity: diet composed
of mostly legumes, oils, and pulses.
Food insecurity
India
Iron
Vitamin A
Wasting
Low intake of calories
Vitamin C
(GNR-K, 2014;
Hashizume, et al ,
2003)
Kazakhstan
Vitamin A
Iodine
Anemia
(UNICEF, 2008;
UNICEF, 2009;
Uush, 2013)
Mongolia
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
(rickets)
Iodine
(Adoption
Nutrition/SPOON
Foundation,n/a;
WHO Russian
Federation, n/a)
Russia
Iodine
Iron
Manganese
Riboflavin
Selenium
Zinc
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Underweight
Stunting
Diet high in saturated fat and
sodium
Diet low in fruits and vegetables,
apart from cold damp produce (e.g
cabbage, potatoes, beets, onion)
Tajikistan
Iodine
Vitamin A
Iron
Malnutrition
Stunting
Wasting
Anemia
Underweight
Undernutrition
Low dietary diversity
Lack of clean water
Food insecurity
Gender inequality (affecting food
insecurity and malnutrition)
Lack of parental knowledge of
infant/child feeding practices
Diet high in sugar and saturated fat
Diet poor in mineral-rich fruits and
vegetables
(Coleman-Jensen, et
Food insecurity
Underweight
than deficiencies
Chronic malnutrition
(Ta, Nguyen,
Kawakami, Kawase,
& Nguyen, 2003;
Khan, Tuyen, Ngoc,
Duong, & Khoi,
2007; Nga, et al,
2013)
Vietnam
Iron
Calcium
Phosphorous
Potassium
Beta-carotene
(severe)
Vitamin Etocopherol
(severe)
Magnesium
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Zambia
Vitamin A
Zinc
Selenium
Vitamin B12
Folate
Iron
Calcium
Undernutrition
Stunting
Wasting
Underweight
Overweight
Anemia
Night-blindness
Diet rich in maize-based foods,
which contain high phytate content
that inhibits mineral absorption.
Low consumption of animal and
animal products (meat, fish, milk,
dairy
High prevalence of malaria and
intestinal worms contributing to
anemia and malnutrition
Significance
The nutrition of children with disabilities should not be overlooked as it impacts the
childrens growth and development. Often times, children with disabilities are at an increased
risk for malnutrition due to improper feeding practices and improper foods. SPOONs field
assessments found a significant gap in solutions to the feeding needs of children with disabilities:
Description
To Be Completed By
1. Literature Review
December 2015
December 2015
December 2015
February 2016
March 2016
The effectiveness of Modifying Food Textures for Children with Disabilities will be
evaluated by SPOON in accordance with its procedures. The evaluation will ensure that the
recipes include appropriate thickening agents that are both accessible and affordable by
caregivers in each country of interest. Throughout the writing and creating process two
employees of SPOON, Maureen Dykinga, MS, CCC/SLP and Zeina Makhoul, PhD, RD will
serve as mentors and guides to help ensure that proper steps are being taken. The collection of
culturally-tailored recipes will be evaluated for nutritional quality via comparison to nutrition
standards set by the group and texture modifications will be monitored to ensure safety. The
nutrition quality will be determined via use of Food Processor.
Each project component will be integrated into SPOONS nutrition and feeding
interventions. The cookbook will be provided to families and caregivers in need by employees or
partners of SPOON at facilities set up by SPOON or its partners within each country of interest.
Item
$6,792
References will be cited in AJCN format after our initial draft is approved.
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