R Payne

Research Assignment: Cold War Paradigms

1a)

February 4th 11th 1945, U.S President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister

Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin got together in the Russian town of
Yalta in the Crimea to make decisions regarding the future of the war and the world after it.
b)

Reparations were paid to the United Kingdom, France and Russia, mainly in the form

of dismantled factories, forced labour, and coal. Intellectual reparations were pursued by
the US and Britain over two years were technology and science and patents were harvested.
c)

Iron Curtain is the cool name for the boundary dividing Europe in two separate

areas which was up from the end of WWII in 1945 to the end of the Cold War in 1991.
d)

The Berlin Blockade (24 June 1948 12 May 1949) was the Soviet Union blocking

Western Allies railways to parts of Berlin which were under Western Control.
e)

NATOs essential purpose is to safeguard the freedom and security of its members

through political and military means. Copied from website. But at the time, it was to do all
that stuff but against Soviet Aggression.
f)

The Warsaw Pact was in response to NATO, existing to protect Soviet Satellite states

that were formed after World War II and also that no enemy could invade them.
g)i)

From October 23rd November 10th 1956, there was a nationwide revolt against the

Hungarian Peoples Republic and its policies.

ii)

The Berlin Wall or Antifascist Protective Wall, was constructed by the German

Democratic Republic on August 13th, 1961.

iii)

The Cuban Missile Crisis lasted 13 days and was a military and political standoff in

October of 1962.

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iv)

From January 5th to August 21st 1968, Czechoslovakia was to be politically liberated

by the Soviet Union after World War II.

v)

Civil unrest shown in demonstrations in the forms of strikes during May through June

1968.
vi)

Prominent from the 1950s to 1980s was the idea that communism would spread

throughout Asia meaning the countries would fall to communism like dominos.
vii)

June 25th 1950 July 27th 1953 was a war between North and South Korea. Support

from countries like the United States for the South and Soviet Russia for the North made it
huge.
viii)

The Vietnam War (Vietnamese: Chin tranh Vit Nam), also known as the Second

Indochina War, and also known in Vietnam as Resistance War Against

America (Vietnamese: Khng chin chng M) or simply the American War, was a Cold
War-era proxy war that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to
the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. Copied from Wikipedia article 15/12/15.

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The Anti-War Movement:

In opposition to a nations decision to start or carry on

with an armed conflict, unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause (from Wikipedia article).
Student activism during the Vietnam War began slowly in 1964 but became larger in 19671971. Creative works encouraged nonconformity, peace and anti-establishmentarianism (One
of Daniels favourite words). Once the baby-boomers caught on, American involvement in
the war may have been affected.
Second and Third-wave Feminism: Second-wave feminism began in the 1960s and spread
across the Western world from its American origins. Issues included: sexuality, family, the
workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities, domestic
violence and marital rape. Their big picture was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights
Amendment to the United States Constitution. Historians think that this second-wave era may
have ended in the early 1980s over internal disputes over issues like pornography and
sexuality. Were living in third-wave feminism though it began in the early 1990s. In
addition to the institutional gains wanted by second-wave, third-wave feminists want further
changes in the stereotypes, media portrayals and the language used to define women. Poststructuralist interpretations on gender and sexuality are also focus points.
The Civil Rights Movement:

American civil rights movement, mass protest

movement against racial segregation and discrimination in the southern United States that
came to national prominence during the mid-1950s. This movement had its roots in the
centuries-long efforts of African slaves and their descendants to resist racial oppression and
abolish the institution of slavery (copied from Encyclopaedia Britannica article).
Sputnik:

Sputnik 1 was the first artificial Earth satellite

launched by the Soviet Union on October 4th 1957. It made America paranoid about the
technological gap between the two nations and triggered the space race.

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Olympic Boycotts:

The summer Olympics of 1980 held in Moscow and the

1984 summer Olympics in Los Angeles appear to be the prime candidates when talking about
the cold war. U.S President Jimmy Carter protests the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan by
boycotting the summer Olympics held in Moscow where 62 countries failed to participate
though some would say this rather than to say facing financial hardships. A substitute event
was held at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia by 29 boycotting countries. The
1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles was boycotted by the Soviets and 14 of their allies
citing lack of security for athletes as the official reason, regarded as a response to the
boycotts of the previous games held in Moscow.

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May 1968 in Paris