ARABIC TOOLS IN TAJWEED RULES

Compiled by
Tarek Ali &
Amany Elsayed

Version 1
May 2015

Table of Content

Introduction.1
Arabic Exit letters10
Al Jawf17
Al Halk19
Al Lesan (Tounge)..25
Al Shafateen (Lips).48
Nasal Cavity53
Basic Tajweed Rules.57
The Quality of letters..58
Al Qalqala...65
The rules of Meem Sakinah67
The rules of Lam sakinah.73
Lam in the Exalted name of Allah..77
Rules of Noon and Meem Mushaddah..79
Hamzatul wasl..80
Hamzatul Kataa85
Rules of Raa..86
The rules of Noon Sakinah and Tanween.98
References113

Mistake in language and grammer

Mistake in IdGham, Izhar and so

5

Vowels (Long and Short)

ARABIC LETTERS-EXITS

The Photos for the Arabic letter exits are taken from
Dr. Ayman Suwaid publications (Tajweed Muswar)
and translated to English after asking him for permission.
It is for free and it is not allowed to publish
it or sell it without consulting him.

10

Speaking parts
The upper Jaw
Teeth
Gum

Nasal cavity

Front of upper Jaw

(Alveolar ridge)
Hard Plate)

Soft plate

Uvula
Vocal cords
11

Speaking parts
Tongue

Tongue root
Inner edge
Distal part

Edge

Middle part

Middle edge
Proximal part

outer edge

Tip
12

Teeth
Central incisor (4)
Lateral incisor (4)
Canine (4)
Premolar (4)

Molars (12)
Wisdom (4)

13

Definition
The Letter
The letter is a sound come out of an exit. The exit might be known or estimated.

Known Exit

Estimated Exit

There are two ways to know the exit of any letter:

1- Add Hamzatu Wasl to the letter with Sukoon and the exit is where the sound ends like
2- add hamzatu Wasl and put Shada on the letter like
14

ARABIC LETTERS-EXITS

There are 5 Main Exits and 17 sub exits.

1- Cavity in the Oral and throat. (Jawf)
2- Throat. (Halk)
3- Tongue. (Lisan)
4- Lips (shafatan)
5- Nasal cavity (Khayshoum)

15

16

Al Jawf
Oral Cavity and
Throat cavity

Estimated Exit (Mukadar)

17

1-Al Jawf
The exit of the three long vowels letters

18

2-Al Halk
Proximal-Tonge root)

Middle part Epiglottis

Distal Vocal cords

19

Al Halk
A-Distal part

Two letters Hamz and Ha

20

Al Halk
B-Middle part

Two letters
21

Al Halk
C-Inner part

Two letters
22

EXERCISE

23

EXERCISE

24

3-Tongue (Lisan)
There are 5 sub-exits
1- Back of the tongue (distal).
2- Middle of the tongue and middle of the upper jaw.
3- Edge of the tongue.
4- Tip of the tongue.
5- Nasal Cavity

25

Tongue
1- Back of the tongue.

26

Tongue
1- Middle of the tongue and middle of the upper jaw.

27

The middle of the tongue hit

The front of the upper jaw.

28

29

30

31

Exercise 3: Connect the word with the correct Ya

long

Not long

Extended

Non Extended

32

Tongue
3- Edge of the tongue.

33

Touch area without press

Press area

Tip of the tongue with the upper teeth

Touch area
Press area

34

35

Tip of the tongue touches

the front of the upper jaw
Touch area

Low

High

36

Tongue
4- Tip of the tongue.

37

Exit is below the exit of L with

Ghuna from the nasal cavity.

38

Small hole for

air to pass

Exit is close to the exit of N

39

Light

Heavy

40

Tongue
4- Tip of the tongue with the root of the upper teeth.

41

Exit is from tip of the tongue with the root of the upper front teeth Note the difference in the
shape of the tongue and characteristics of the letter.

42

Tongue
4- Tip of the tongue with the root of the lower teeth.

43

Exit is from tip of the tongue with the inner surface of the lower teeth.
So, the sound will come from between upper and lower teeth.

44

Tongue
4- Tip of the tongue with the edge of the upper teeth.

45

Exit is from tip of the tongue when touches

the end of the upper teeth.

46

Exit is from tip of the tongue when touches the end of the upper teeth. Note the difference
in the shape of the tongue and the characteristics of the letters.

47

Lips
4- Two exits

48

Exit is from tip of the inner part of the lower

lip with the end of the upper teeth.

49

NOT EXTENDED

NOT extended
. Note the shape of the lips
and the back of the tongue. The sound comes out
From between the lips when opened.

50

Overlapping the two lips.

51

Overlapping the two lips with Ghuna

(sound from the nasal cavity)

52

5- Nasal Cavity

Ghuna always comes with N and M.

Ghuna
(sound from the nasal cavity)

53

Exercise

Read Surat Al Duha, Al Sharh

54

EXERCISE

55

EXERCISE

56

Basic Tajweed rules

57

Should be avoided

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

Recite surat Al Ikhlas, Al Nas, Al Falaq and Al Burug

66

67

68

Shafawi

Shafawi

69

70

Rules of Meem Saakinah

71

Exercise
Read Surat Al Muzzammil

72

The rules of Lam Saakinah

In Quran, there are 5 categories of Lam Saakinah:
1- Lam in the combination of Alif-

of the definitive article (the).

EX:

2- The lam in a verb.

3- The lam in a noun.

4- The lam in a pariciple .

73

For Moon (Kamariyah)

Rule: Izhar

For Shams (Shamsiyah)

Rule: Idgham

Exercise: Surat Al-Adiyat

74

For Moon (Kamariyah)

Rule: Izhar

For Shams (Shamsiyah)

Rule: Idgham

Special cases
Heavy Lam after Hamthat wasl-Izhar

75

Exercise:
For Moon (Kamariyah)

for sun (Shamsiya)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)
(S & K)
(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)
(S & K)

(S & K)

(S & K)
(S & K)

(S & K)
76

77

The lam Sakinaah occur in a verb, in nouns, and Harf.

The general rule is Izhar
Or participant

the rule is Idgham

but if the lam Sakinah is at the end of a verb

and the first letter of the following is

then

There are no cases of lam sakinah at the end of noun.

EX:

EX:

Except in verse 14 of Surat

Because in Hafs an Asem, the rule is Sakt between the two words and there is no
merge between the two letters
Sakt
is a stop without taking breath
for a period of time less than that of a normal stop.
78

79

The Hamzatul Wasl is a symbol

when you start with it.

It drops in connection and pronounced

EX:

Verbs (start)

Always has Kasra

Damma
Only if the 3rd letter
Has original Damma

Letters

Nouns

HW join only one letter

Lam and it is always has Fatha.
Definition Lam

Kasra
1- If 3rd letter has non original Damma.
2- If the third letter has Fatha.
3-If the third letter has Kasra.
80

Verbs (start)
1) H W will have Dammah when the 3rd letter of the verb has Original Damma.

Original Damma means the verb in present tense has Damma.

81

Verbs (Start)
2) H W will have Kasra when the 3rd letter of the verb has NON Original Damma.

82

Verbs
3) H W will have also Kasra when the 3rd letter of the verb has Kasra
or Fatha or non original Damma as mentioned.

83

Letters:
HA only join Lam and
always has Fatha

Names:
HA always has Kasra

Hw in this words are always has Kasra

84

Hamzatul Kataa
It is always pronounced (start, end or connect)

85

3
3
Heavy letter

86

Heavy

87

Heavy

88

Heavy
2
Raa is saakin because of stoppng at
an aya and the letter before is
sakin and the second letter before
RA jas Dama or Fatha.

89

Exercise

90

Heavy
3

91

Heavy

Heavy letter
Heavy letter with no Kasra
Original Kasr
Sakinr

92

93

94

95

1-Light if connected
1-If you stop, it could be light or heavy and light
Is preferred because it has Kasra.
2-Heavy if connected
2-If you stop, it could be light or heavy and heavy
Is preferred because it has original Fatha.
3-Heavy or light if connected
3-If you stop, it is heavy because the high letter has Kasra.
96

Exercise:

Exercise: Surat Al Qiyamah-Surat AlQamar

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

How to pronounce

105

106

107

108

109

How to pronounce
How to do it?
1-The tongue should be away from
the Exit of Noun.
2-Put the tongue close to the exit of
next letter.
3-Pronounce Ghuna 2 beats.
4-Pronounce the letter after Noun.

110

How to pronounce

111

112

References

1. The Holy Quran.

2. Maha Rashed, Reach the goal via Tajweed rule- first edition.
3. Dr. Ayman Suaid, The illustrated tajweed (Tajweed Musawar) - First edition, 2011.
4. http://www.readwithtajweed.com/tajweed_Intro.htm

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