REFRACTIVE INDEX

OF DIFFRENT
LIQUIDS USING
HOLLOW PRISM

MADE BY -: Piyushh Bhutoria

CLASS -: XII
BOARD ROLL NO. -:

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that PIYUSHH
BHUTORIA of class XII-A has
completed the physics project
entitled TO FIND THE REFRACTIVE
INDEX OF DIFFERENT LIQUIDS USING
HOLLOW PRISM under the guidance
of her physics teacher Mrs and lab
assistant Mr
The progress of the project has been
continuously reported and has been
acknowledged consistently.

(Physics Teacher)

ACKNOWLEDGEME
nT
I would like to owe the sense of
gratitude to our physics teacher
Mrs. for her consistent guidance,
support and encouragement
without which this project would
not able to exist in present shape.
I would also like to thank our Lab
assistant Mr., my parents for their
blessings and my friends for their
help in order to complete the
project.

C
O
N
T
E
N
T
S

Aim
Apparatus Required
Theory
Procedure
Observation & Calculation
Conclusion
Precautions
Bibliography

AIM

To find
refractive index of
different liquids using
hollow prism.

THEORY
PRISM:

A prism is a transparent optical

element
with
flat,
polished
surfaces
that refract light. Prisms can be made from any
material that is transparent
including
glass, plastic and fluorite.
A prism can be used to break light up into its
constituent spectral colors. Prisms can also be
used to reflect light, or to split light into
components with different polarizations.

REFRACTION:
The refractive index of the liquid
Is given by the formula:

Where:
= refractive index of the liquid

= the angle of minimum deviation

r = angle of refraction
i = angle of incidence
A = angle of prism

FLUIDS

REFRACTI
VE INDEX

Water
Glycerine
Ethyl Alcohol
Vegetable Oil
Acetone
HCl

1.33
1.47
1.36
1.45
1.36
1.34

PROCEDURE

 Fix a white sheet of paper on the

drawing board with help of
drawing pins.
Keep the prism and mark the
outline of it as ABC.
Drop a normal PQ on the side AB.
Draw the angle of incidence in
accordance with the normal PQ
and place 2 pins so that they
appear to be in the straight line.
Place the prism filled with given
sample of liquid ,on the marked
outline ABC.
Now take the pins and place them
on the side AC so that all the 4
pins appears to be in same line.
Remove the prism and draw the
line joining the points so obtained.

 Mark the diagram as shown in the

figure.
Repeat this with different liquids
and different angle of incidence.

S.No

1.

35

48

24

60

2.

40

52

30

60

3.

45

42

25

60

4.

50

36

26

60

5.

55

32

28

60

HCl

Ethyl alcohol

S.No

1.

35

52

26

60

2.

40

44

25

60

3.

45

41

25

60

4.

50

36

26

60

5.

55

32

27

60

CALCULATION
S

CALCULATION
GRAPH HCL
ethyl alcohol

RESULT

THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF

ETHYL ALCOHOL
EXPERIMENTAL-1.36
CALCULATED- 1.34
THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF HCL
EXPERIMENTAL- 1.34
CALCULATED- 1.34

PRECAUTION
S

Angle of incidence should lie b/w 35-60

degree.
Pins should be vertically fixed and
should lie in same line.
Distance b/w two points should not
be less than 10mm.
Same angle of prism should be used
for all observation.
Arrow head should be marked to
represent emergent and incident
ray.

BIBLIOGRAPH
Y

 wikipedia.org
google.com
physicsforlife.com
{physicsforlife.com}
earthphysics.com