Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Agenda
Introducere
Principalii fungii invazivi
Candida spp
Cryptococcus spp
Aspergillus spp
Mucor spp
Fusarium spp
Dimorfici: Histoplasma
Non-culturabili: Pneumocystis
5-Flucitozina
Amfotericina B: deoxicholate AMB, lipid-formulated AMB
Triazolii: Fluconazol, Voriconazol, Posaconazol
Candinele: Caspofungin, Anidulafungin, Mycafungin
Prezentari caz
07-Nov-14
07-Nov-14
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
K ingdom
P hylum
C lass
O rder
F amily
G enus
S pecies
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Habitat
ubicuitari: sol, ap, aer, organismele vii
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filament
conidii
conidiofor
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07-Nov-14
Agenda
Introducere
Principalii fungii invazivi
Candida spp
Cryptococcus spp
Aspergillus spp
Mucor spp
Fusarium spp
Dimorfici: Histoplasma
Non-culturabili: Pneumocystis
5-Flucitozina
Amfotericina B: deoxicholate AMB, lipid-formulated AMB
Triazolii: Fluconazol, Voriconazol, Posaconazol
Candinele: Caspofungin, Anidulafungin, Mycafungin
Prezentari caz
07-Nov-14
Candida spp
Cryptococcus spp
A Yeast under Cover: the Capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans
10
07-Nov-14
Aspergillus spp
Inhalarea conidiilor: expunere la praf in zone cu constructii/renovari
Pacient imunodeprimat: in special hematologic sau dupa transplant
11
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Mucor spp
12
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Fusarium spp
13
07-Nov-14
Ubicuitar
Imunodeficien
B-D-Glucan n perete
Nu se cultiv
Nu rspunde la antifungice
Agenda
Introducere
Principalii fungii invazivi
Candida spp
Cryptococcus spp
Aspergillus spp
Mucor spp
Fusarium spp
Dimorfici: Histoplasma
Non-culturabili: Pneumocystis
5-Flucitozina
Amfotericina B: deoxicholate AMB, lipid-formulated AMB
Triazolii: Fluconazol, Voriconazol, Posaconazol
Candinele: Caspofungin, Anidulafungin, Mycafungin
Prezentari caz
14
07-Nov-14
Antigen galactomannan
B-D-Glucan
Antigen criptococic
PCR
Halo sign
Semiluna aeric
Celula fungic
(13)-B-D-glucan sintaza
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1-3 B-D-glucan
16
07-Nov-14
Galactomannan (GM)
Se~80%, Sp~90%, 8-14% rezultate fals+ (la copii, prin prezena altor
fungi: Penicillium spp, antibiotice produse de Penicillium penicilinele!,
consum de orez/paste, in condiiile unei suferine severe tub dig)
Tuberculoz
Mucormicoz
Coccidiomycoz
Cryptococcoz
Nocardioz
Infecii cu Ps aeruginosa
Granulomatoza Wegener
Metastaze pulmonare
http://radiopaedia.org/articles/halo-sign-chest
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07-Nov-14
http://radiology.rsna.org/content/230/1/109.full.pdf
http://radiopaedia.org/articles/halo-sign-chest
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Agenda
Introducere
Principalii fungii invazivi
Candida spp
Cryptococcus spp
Aspergillus spp
Mucor spp
Fusarium spp
Dimorfici: Histoplasma
Non-culturabili: Pneumocystis
5-Flucitozina
Amfotericina B: deoxicholate AMB, lipid-formulated AMB
Triazolii: Fluconazol, Voriconazol, Posaconazol
Candinele: Caspofungin, Anidulafungin, Mycafungin
Prezentari caz
1,3 -glucan
Perete:
mannan
glucan
chitina
Membrana:
bistrat lipidic,
cu ergosterol
Candine
AMB
Azolii
ergosterol
Nucleu
5-Flucitozina
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07-Nov-14
5-Flucitozina
1,3 -glucan
Perete:
mannan
glucan
chitina
Membrana:
bistrat lipidic,
cu ergosterol
ergosterol
Nucleu
5-Flucitozina
5-Flucitozina
Molecul mic, absorbie po bun, ptrundere excelent
Rez rapid n monotx combinaie cu AMB, azoli.
Ra dependente de c%, reversibile: medulotoxic, hepatotoxic,
nefrotoxic
Meniuni:
Activ: Candida spp, Cryptococcus spp, Aspergillus spp,
cromoblastomicoze
Activ pe parazii: Acantamoeba, Leishmania
Rol anti-cancer: carcinom colorectal (antimetabolit)
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Amfotericina B
1,3 -glucan
Perete:
mannan
glucan
chitina
Membrana:
bistrat lipidic,
cu ergosterol
AMB
ergosterol
Nucleu
Amfotericina B
Molecul mare, nu se absoarbe, trece greu prin membrane, legare mare proteine,
concentreaz n ficat, splin, MO, plmn,T1/2=24-48h!
AMB: hidrosolubil i lipid-formulat
AMB-deoxicholate d-AMB, hidrosolubil, concentreaz n rinichi
AMB lipid-formulate, ptrundere mai bun (exc rinichi), toxicitate mic
ABLC (AB Lipid-Complex) 1.6-11u/particul
ABCD (AB Coloidal Dispersion) 0.12-0.14u/particul
L-AMB lipozomal 0.08u/particul
Nefrotoxicitate, medulotoxicitate (trombocitopenie, anemie)
Meniuni:
cel mai larg spectru antifungic:
Levuri: Candida spp, Cryptococcus spp
Fungi filamentoi: Aspergillus spp (exc: A terreus), Mucor spp, Fusarium
Fungi dimorfici inconstant
alte indicaii: parazii: Leishmania, Naegleria; prioni?
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Amfotericina B
Hife fungice
23
07-Nov-14
Triazolii
1,3 -glucan
Perete:
mannan
glucan
chitina
Membrana:
bistrat lipidic,
cu ergosterol
Azolii
ergosterol
Nucleu
Fluconazol
Spectru:
nu este activ pe fungi filamentoi!
activ pe Candida spp (NU krusei, atenie glabrata), mai activ dect
candinele pe Candida parapsilosis (nn)
activ pe Cryptococcus spp
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Voriconazol
Spectru:
Activ pe Candida spp (exc: slab pe krusei), Cryptococcus spp,
Aspergillus spp (AI n Aspergilloza invaziv), Fusarium spp
Inactiv pe Mucor spp
Posaconazol
Molecul mare (700 Da), lipofil, legare prot 98%, vol distrib mare, T1/2
mare; concentreaz slab seric, ins foarte bine n membrane (de 50x),
de unde se transfer rapid n membrana fungilor!
Spectru:
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07-Nov-14
RAW264.7=macrofage
Echinocandine
1,3 -glucan
Perete:
mannan
glucan
chitina
Membrana:
bistrat lipidic,
cu ergosterol
Candine
ergosterol
Nucleu
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07-Nov-14
Spectru:
Aciune excelent pe Candida spp (excepie C parapsilosis)
Aciune bun pe fungii filamentoi cel mai des ntlnii n IFI
Aspergillus spp, Fusarium spp
Inactive pe Cryptococcus, Mucor spp, Histoplasma
Agenda
Introducere
Principalii fungii invazivi
Candida spp
Cryptococcus spp
Aspergillus spp
Mucor spp
Fusarium spp
Dimorfici: Histoplasma
Non-culturabili: Pneumocystis
5-Flucitozina
Amfotericina B: deoxicholate AMB, lipid-formulated AMB
Triazolii: Fluconazol, Voriconazol, Posaconazol
Candinele: Caspofungin, Anidulafungin, Mycafungin
Prezentari caz
27