ATP

(Adenine TriPhosphate)
1

 Living things need Energy

to survive and function.
Where does that energy
come from?
Sun Plants You !!!

ATP(Adenosine Triphosphate)

Universal Energy

Molecule
The cells Energy
Bank
Consist of

a sugar called ribose

N containing Adenine
Three phosphate
groups
DRAW A SKETCH!

How do we get the Energy from ATP?

ATP

ADP

ADP-Adenosine Diphosphate
The bonds between the phosphate
groups in ATP = VERY HIGH
ENERGY.
When a phosphate group is
removed-energy is released.
So, energy is STORED in the
bonds of ATP.

 To get ENERGY,
the cell
hydrolyzes the
ATP, releasing
the stored
energy and
forming ADP

 Phosphorylation
: how the cell
makes ATP from
ADP
Means adding a
phosphate

ADP
is converted into
ATP
ADP

ATP
P

Partially
charged
battery

Fully
charged
battery

 Photosynthes
is= Process
by which
plants use
sunlight,
carbon
dioxide and
water to
produce high
energy
carbohydrate
s

Where does
photosynthesis
take place?
10

Chloroplast
Organelle where photosynthesis takes
place.

Outer Membrane
Inner Membrane

Stroma

Thylakoid

Granum

11

Chloroplasts only found in photosynthetic,

eukaryotic cells. They harvest Energy from
Suns rays.

12

Chloroplast
Picture

13

Things to know about Chloroplasts

1. have a double membrane
2. have their own DNA-this carries the
3.
4.
5.

information to make the enzymes

have their own ribosomes-more like the
ribosomes of prokaryotes than eukaryotes
make their own enzymes required for
photosynthesis
contain chlorophyll this green chemical
"traps" sunlight energy

14

 Plants absorb

certain
wavelengths
of light - Blue
and Red.
Pigments are
molecules
that absorb
light.
The main
pigment is
Chlorophyll.
When they
absorb light,
they are
absorbing
Energy.

15

Photosynthesis Products and Reactants

Light
SUNEnergy

Sugars + O2

Chloroplast

CO2 + H2O

Glucose & O2

16

Formula For Photosynthesis

6 _____ + 6 ______

+__________

6______ + ______
Reactants
Products

17

2 Stages of Photosynthesis:
STAGE 1: LIGHT DEPENDENT
REACTIONS.
O2 Produced
ATP and NADPH produced

STAGE 2: DARK REACTION

(CALVIN CYCLE).

Organic Compounds (Sugars - glucose)

produced
Can happen during the day time too!

18

Photosynthesis: An Overview
LIGHT REACTION

DARK REACTION

Thylakoid Membrane

SUNLIGHT

Stroma

Water

CO2
Chloroplast

Chloroplast

NADP+
ADP + P
LightDependent
Reactions

O2

Calvin
Cycle
ATP
NADPH

Sugars

19

Photosynthesis Overview: Concept Map

Photosynthesis

Occurs in two Steps

Light
Dark
Reaction
Reaction
Occurs
Produces
(location) Produces
Oxygen
ATP

Thylakoid
Membrane

Glucose

Occurs
(location)
Stroma

20

PLANTS STORE
ENERGY FROM
THE SUN IN
THE BONDS OF
GLUCOSE !!!! LIP
C

21

Cellular
Respiration
22

CellularRespiratio
n

the process that

occurs in cells in
which cells break
down sugar for
ENERGY!
Occurs in cytoplasm
and mitochondria.

23

Cellular Respiration Overview:

We get our energy from the food we eat.
Plants are producers and make glucose by the

process of photosynthesis.
Heterotrophs and autotrophs breakdown
glucose for energy by the process of
respiration.
There are two important ways a cell can
harvest energy from food: fermentation and
cellular respiration.

24

Steps of Cellular
Respiration
Step 1: Glycolysis
Step 2 (with
oxygen): Cellular
Respiration
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport
Chain

Step 2 (without
oxygen):
Fermentation
Lactic Acid
Alcoholic

25

Step1: Glycolysis

Means Splitting Glucose

Both pathways start with Glycolysis.
Glycolysis starts with Glucose.
Glucose is broken down into 2
molecules called Pyruvate and you
get 2 ATP.
Happens in the Cytoplasm.

26

27

Products of
Gylcolysis

28

In the presence of OXYGEN:

Step 2: Krebs Cycle
Step 3: Electron Transport
Happens in the Mitochondria
Starts with Pyruvate.
Pyruvate moves into the
mitochondria and is broken
down into CO2 , O2 and ATP.

29

With
oxygen

Respiration
Glucose
Glycolysis

Krebs
cycle

Fermentation
(without oxygen)

Electron
transport

Alcohol or
lactic acid

With out
oxygen

30

Flowchart
Cellular Respiration
Reactants
Glucose
(C6H1206)
+
Oxygen
(02)

Final Products

Glycolysis

Krebs
Cycle

Electron
Transport
Chain

Carbon
Dioxide
(CO2)
+
Water
(H2O)

31

Step 2 Anaerobic (without

oxygen) : Fermentation
Pyruvate is converted into Lactic Acid
or Alcohol during Fermentation.
Lactic Acid-Muscle cells
Alcohol- Yeast

32

Anaerobic:
Fermentation
Reactant

Glucose
(C6H1206)

Products

Glycolysis

Fermentation

Lactic Acid
Or
Alcohol

33

34

Respiration Formula

6____ + ______

Review Clip

6___ + 6__ + 36 ATP

35

Energy Converters video. Click picture.

36