Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-1-translatin...
Ever get thrown an old NASTRAN model or been asked to convert your model into ABAQUS? Did you spend hours scouring the internet for a free
translator? Did you know that ANSYS software came with a translator for FLUENT, CFX, ABAQUS, NASTRAN , STL files and a host of other formats?
Well it does and it comes free with most products. It is one of the least known jewels in the ANSYS product family.
FE Modeler is a module developed to handle some of the mesh based capabilities found in Mechanical APDL that dont really fit into the paradigm of what
is now called ANSYS Mechanical. Over the years it has grown to be a very useful tool for translating models, reviewing meshes, morphing meshes, and
even converting meshes into geometry that can be re-meshed. In this article we will talk about the translators and quality tools and will address the
morphing and geometry-from-mesh tools once R13 comes out in November.
The first thing to know is how to get to this useful tool. On the workbench page, it is in Toolbox under Component Systems with the name Finite Element
Modeler. Figure 1 shows where it is located.
There are a couple of ways to use the tool. The first is to drag it onto a mesh that already exists in your project. This is the best way to proceed if you
meshed with Workbench meshing or a system that uses Workbench Meshing (Mechanical, FLUENT, CFX, etc). You can also connect it to the Setup
block on an ANSYS Mechanical system. You can of course connect to an FE Modeler system by right clicking on a mesh and choosing Transfer Too
New -> Finite Element Modeler Figure 2 shows some examples of what it looks like once you have connected.
1 of 4
1/15/2016 11:41 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-1-translatin...
If you are not starting with a Workbench related mesh or model, you can still use the tool. This is the most common method for reading in NASTRAN or
ABAQUS meshes. Simply drag and drop the Finite Element Modeler System to a blank spot on the Project Schematic. Once there you can specify your
input file in one of two ways: double-click on the Model (brute force, take charge, throw caution to the wind approach) or right click on the Model and
choose Add Input Mesh (take your time, make sure it is right, no risks approach). And yes, it says Add because you can specify multiple meshes, an
added bonus. Figure 3 shows an example of what this will look like.
When you are in the browser dialog you can see the various formats that are supported (Figure 4). These are also summarized in Table 1:
2 of 4
ABAQUS (*.inp)
MAPDL (*.cdb)
Fluent (*.msh,*.cas)
STL (*.stl)
1/15/2016 11:41 PM
Fluent (*.msh,*.cas)
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-1-translatin...
STL (*.stl)
Now you have a mesh defined. The next step is to read it in to FE Modeler. You can do this by double clicking on the model or RMB->Edit. The program
will now read in your file, and display a nice animated spinning gear to keep you occupied. The numbers in feedback in the Import Summary (the default
view) also update as the file is read.Once in FE Modeler you will see a pretty standard layout for a Workbench application. The tree on the left, Details
view on the lower left, and a graphics window. To start with Import Summary will be selected in the tree and a description of what was read in is shown.
There is a lot of useful information in this view. Take some time to look at each table and see if it makes sense. Probably the most important table is
Table 4. It shows feedback from the import. If the reader ran into any entities it didnt recognize or any lines it could not read, you will see feedback
here. This is important because there often are not one-to-one mappings between programs so some entities will not read in. You will be able to see
those in this table. Figure 5 shows the output from reading in a basic test model from a NASTRAN file.
Now, if you want to see your model, you can click on other branches in the tree. The Element Types allows you to view by element topology and Bodies
will show the contents of a given file. You can also interrogate the mesh, selecting nodes, external faces, or elements and viewing their position. Take a
look at the icon bar, it is pretty standard for Workbench and everything is self explanatory. You can see mesh metrics by choosing Insert from the menu
and then picking Mesh Metrics. Once it is in the tree, click on it and change the options in the details view. Figure 6 shows the test model and some
quality metrics.
3 of 4
1/15/2016 11:41 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-1-translatin...
The last step is the best part, writing out in the new format that you want. Find the Target System drop down at the top of the icon bar, and choose
from Mechanical APDL, ABAQUS, NASTRAN, and STL. Then select Generate Data in the model tree and the program will create an output file in the
format you want. This can take a while for a large model.
If you are an expert in the program you are writing to, you can check this file out and see what is in there. If you like what you see, or dont care and just
want your output file, click on the Write Solver File button on the top icon bar. Specify a file name, and you are done.
There is one last important thing to mention. If you want to control your import a little, go back to the project page and click on the model. RMB and
choose Manage Input Meshes. This will then bring up the outline for the schematic and you will be able to set options for each file you specified for input.
(Figure 8) For most files the only things you can change are units, how to group bodies and how to number things.
Nothing too complicated, it does what it does and it does it fast. To learn more play with it and read the help. We hope you find this hidden tool as useful
as we have in the past.
4 of 4
1/15/2016 11:41 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-2-converting...
One of the Holy Grails of simulation is the ability to take a Finite Element
mesh and convert it into geometry that you can then use to create a new mesh
or import it into a CAD system as CAD geometry. What most users do not
know is that ANSYS, Inc. has a product that can do this - FE Modeler. With
the addition of a very affordable Mesh Morpher License users have access to a
straightforward process to convert a mesh into geometry.
People usually want to do such a conversion for one of two reasons. The first is the legacy mesh. They
have a FEA mesh from the past that has no geometry associated with it and they want to make a new mesh
or use it to create a mesh around it for CFD. This can also be an STL file from somewhere. The second is
that they want to do an analysis or get a CAD part of a part that is distorted in some way by a load. They may
want to do a metal forming simulation and get the final shape for their assembly model or they may need to
do a flow analysis on a piece of geometry that gets highly distorted.
The Basics:
If you have ever tried to take a mesh to geometry yourself using other tools or a
CAD tool, you know it is very hard to do unless you are working with a part
made out of nothing but flat planes. This is because the way a tool like this
must work is to:
1. Take a 3D FEA model and finds only external faces.
2. Find edges between faces that can be considered an edge. This is done by looking at the angle between
the normals of the faces and if they are above a certain criteria, they are tagged as an edge.
3. Gather the edges into loops and find all the element faces enclosed by those loops.
4. Fit a cylinder, plane, cone, or NURB surface to the faces and bound them with the edge loops.
If you have a simple, blocky part where all the faces meet at right angles, no problem. But add a few fillets
and boom, the tools can never sort out the loops. So what to do?
You need to help the algorithm out by splitting up your faces into components (or Named Selections in
Workbench speak) and make sure that those components define a chunk of external element faces that are
fairly easy for the program to work with. Figures 1-4 show this for some simple blocks.
Block 1 has right angle corners so the algorithm makes quick work of it and finds six surface and 12 edges.
Unfortunately, real parts rarely have all right angles.
Block 2 has fillets and a fine enough mesh such that the algorithm cant find any edges. It tries to turn the
entire outer surface of the mesh into one big surface, and fails. No closed loops, bummer.
Block 3 is the same as 2, except that the top surface patch is defined by a nodal component. This gives the
algorithm enough information to create two loops and therefore a valid solid. But maybe not what you want
because the larger surface kind of wraps around most of the block, and when you try to turn that into a
Parasolid it usually fails, as shown in Figure 4.
The 4th block has a component defined for each surface in the original CAD model. The algorithm loves this
1 of 7
and makes each patch into a nice surface that then converts to usable CAD geometry. This is fairly easy1/15/2016
(if a
11:43 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-2-converting...
The 4th block has a component defined for each surface in the original CAD model. The algorithm loves this
and makes each patch into a nice surface that then converts to usable CAD geometry. This is fairly easy (if a
bit tedious) to do if you are starting with CAD geometry, meshing it, and using the deformed shape to create
a new mesh. But if you have just a mesh you will need to be a bit of a Mechanical APDL selection guru to
make it happen, but more on that below.
The Process:
To illustrate the process, we will assume we have a real world problem: You have a piece of tubing as shown
in Figure 5 that you want to install into place, but to do so you really have to distort it (Figure 6 is the stress
analysis results in the installed shape). As you can see, there is significant ovalization and you need to figure
2 of 7
1/15/2016 11:43 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-2-converting...
in Figure 5 that you want to install into place, but to do so you really have to distort it (Figure 6 is the stress
analysis results in the installed shape). As you can see, there is significant ovalization and you need to figure
out what the flow will be in this distorted shape.
Next, move into ANSYS mechanical and set up your analysis like you normally would. If you didnt bring over
Named Selections, define them now. Now you need to insert a simple code snippet into the Solution Branch
with two commands:
upcoord, 1
cdwrite
3 of 7
1/15/2016 11:43 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-2-converting...
The UPCOORD command tells MAPDL to take the current solution (by default the last load step. If you want
a different point in the solution, you need to add a SET command first) and move the nodes to the deflected
shape that has been calculated. After this command your nodes are in your deformed shape. The CDWRITE
command simply writes the model to a text file, and because your nodes are in the deflected position, that file
will contain your distorted geometry. Run your analysis and when it is done, the snippet is executed and the
*.cdb file is written. If you already have a solution and do not want to rerun, just go into ANSYS MAPDL and
type the commands into /POST1.
Now that you have the distorted mesh, you need to get it into FE modeler. Create a new standalone FE
Modeler system and RMB on Model and choose Add Input Mesh Your *.cdb file is going to be in your
project directory in the dp0/sys/Mech directory (of course, this assumes that you only have the one model in
your project. Use the appropriate dp* and sys* to identify your file if you are using something other than the
first model in your project).
If you are not using SI units you will need to set the properties for the FE Modeler system and for the file in
the Project Schematic or things will get all messed up. To do this RMB on the Model cell and choose
properties. Set the units for FE Modeler here. Then RMB again on the cell and choose Manage Input
Meshes. This shows the file in the outline view and when you click on it, you can change the Unit System
property.
Figure 8.5: Setting Units on FE Modeler and on your input mesh file
Launch FE modeler and make sure your mesh came in without any problems. Check the Bodies and the
Element types, etc Then look at your components in the tree. Note that it not only captured the surface
components you defined, any nodal constraint or load that you defined will show up as well. You may need to
delete some components. You can also use the selection capabilities in FE Modeler to make new
components.
Once you are happy with that, it is time to let the program find faces. Select Geometry Synthesis in the tree
and then in the Details make sure that Use Node Components is set to Yes! This is very important and the
most common mistake users make.
4 of 7
1/15/2016 11:43 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-2-converting...
5 of 7
or RMB-> Add a Sew Tool. Select the surfaces you want to sew, using the tree being the easiest way to
1/15/2016 11:43 PM
select all of them. Then hit the generate button and see what you get. If it does not make a solid, make the
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-2-converting...
surface and not a block, you still need to sew things together. Do this by choosing the Add a Sew Tool icon
or RMB-> Add a Sew Tool. Select the surfaces you want to sew, using the tree being the easiest way to
select all of them. Then hit the generate button and see what you get. If it does not make a solid, make the
tolerance number a bit bigger. If that still does not work, you may need to export the surfaces to a CAD tool
with good surfacing and sew it there.
To export your distorted geometry, select Parasolid Geometry in the tree and choose Export to a Parasolid
File or RMB-> Export to a Parasolid File.
You have done it, you have real CAD geometry of your deformed shape!
Figure 12: The Holy Grail: You Distorted Geometry in Your CAD System
Getting the distorted shape into CAD is pretty critical, at least now your drawings are realistic instead of some
guess at the installed shape. But if you need to do more analysis, that proceeds like any other simulation.
You read in your CAD geometry (CAD geometry you made from distorted nodes, yea, that is what Im talking
about! Hoooo haaaa!) and set it up for your analysis and run it. In our example we took the Parasolid file into
DM and created a fluid volume inside the pipe (which is way easy to do in DM) and then did a CFD run.
1/15/2016 11:43 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-2-converting...
Comments:
The guts of this product have been around for many release with a couple of different names, Paramesh
being the most common. At R13 we have really found that it is robust and usable for simple to moderately
complex geometry. The key are the nodal components. Set those up right and it should work out.
We have also found that working with a refined mesh is much better than a coarse one. So if you are
running an analysis to get a distorted shape, you may want more refinement than the analysis actually
requires, in order to get good surfaces for a distorted solid model.
It should be noted, that although this is a pretty amazing tool, it can not do miracles. Really complex,
distorted or coarse meshes just will not work. But do not give up. Get what surface you can into your CAD
system and patch it up there.
You can download the project that has the blocks and the distorted tube and
take a look at this yourself, or try it with your own geometry. You will need to
ask your ANSYS sales professional for a temp key of ANSYS Mesh Morpher to
use this tool. Play with it, get a feel for it.
So, next time your boss says Bring me. a CAD file of a Deflected Shrubbery! you know what to do.
Share this:
7 of 7
1/15/2016 11:43 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-3-morphing...
In the first two parts of this series we talked about how to use FE Modeler to
translate meshes and how to create geometry from meshes. The third big
thing that this tool does is allow you to morph a mesh to a new shape.
There are a few less important things that FE Modeler does, and we will
cover those in the last article of this series.
First, lets take a good long look at the picture to the left. Mesh morphing is
nothing like what the image shows, but it is pretty creepy to look at so I thought Id throw it up there.
Mesh morphing in FE Modeler works by taking the faceted surface geometry you can create, covered in the
previous article, and allowing the user to apply transformations or a projection to that geometry. You would
use this if you want to change your geometry while keeping the same basic mesh. This is because when you
are doing optimization or parametric study and changing the CAD geometry, you force a remesh every time
and sometimes the change in mesh is large enough to effect your study. You would also need to use this
method if all you had was an FE mesh.
Basic Process
Lets start with a very simple example to show how it is done.
Figure 1 shows a piece of example geometry. It has some nice features that we will do more complex
morphs on.
1 of 6
1/15/2016 11:44 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-3-morphing...
2 of 6
1/15/2016 11:44 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-3-morphing...
3 of 6
1/15/2016 11:44 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-3-morphing...
4 of 6
1/15/2016 11:44 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-3-morphing...
Translation (of vertices, edges, surfaces, or parts): A translation is given in the global Cartesian coordinate system or by the definition of a
translation vector between two points.
Rotation (of vertices, edges, surfaces, or parts): You must define a rotation axis between two points or a point and a vector and then give a
rotation angle in degrees or radians.
Face (Surface) Offset a Face Offset can be:
Uniform Enter a negative or positive Offset Value to move the face inward or outward.
Non Uniform Enter a negative or positive Offset Value to move the face inward or outward. With this transformation, you can offset a
surface with a nonlinear curve. In addition, a Non Uniform surface offset includes the following options:
Distance to the edges Define the distance from the edges to the maximum displacement of the transformed face.
Function type Select a function type based on the shape you want to obtain, options include: Linear, Double Tangent, Lineartangent, Tangent-linear.
Immobile edges By default, all of the edges for the target surface are selected. You can de-select edges if desired.
Edge Offset: An offset of one edge along a face by a specified distance; always with a given sign depending on the edge normal.
Projection: a projection of a face, an edge, or a vertex onto a face, edge, or vertex or a group of faces or a group of edges. The Projection
transformation works in tandem with the Working Geometries feature. Using an imported Working Geometry, you can project the entities of
a Target Configuration onto the entities of the imported (Working) geometry.
For this example I added a rotation for the block sticking up, a translation for the top circle face of the
cylinder, and an edge offset for the lower right edge. the result is shown in Figure 11.
5 of 6
1/15/2016 11:44 PM
http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-focus/fe-modeler-part-3-morphing...
Figure 11: Part with Offset, Rotation, Translation and Edge Offset Applied. Overlaid on Original Mesh
Figure 12: Part with Offset, Rotation, Translation and Edge Offset Applied. Labeled.
6 of 6
1/15/2016 11:44 PM