UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CHIMBORAZO

Facultad De Ciencias De La Educacin Humanas Y

Tecnologas
English Major
TOPIC:

BY
PROFESSOR:
Mgs. Magdalena Ullauri
STUDENTS NAMES:
Jennifer Flores
Lizett Vistin

BY
We can use BY to indicate the person responsible who does the
activity and to say how we do something.
Example:

This song was composed by Schubert.

The seeds were sown by farmers
He sends his homework by e-mail.

The structure to use by is:

by + noun (whit out the, my or a)
Example:
She received a call by phone
Peter felt bad by comment
X He was knocked down by my car
X They cant get out by the rain
X I was wrong the sum by a number

We use in for cars and taxis

Example:
They dont go in their car. They go to school in a
taxi.
Mary returned back of Quito in her car.

We use on for bicycles and public transport

Example:

We travelled on the train the weekend.

He is traveling on his bicycle to Baos.

By and With
Both can be used to say how somebody
does something.
We use by when we say what we
do to get a result.
Example:

We use with when we say what we use to get a result.

Example:

He succeeded by hard work.

We got them to listen by
shouting.

The boy killed the spider with a shoe.

The door must have been opened whit a key

By = Beside
Both means the same, but by is used when there are a small distance and
beside is used when we are next to something.
Example:
Who's the person sitting by door?
The doctor is sitting beside the door.

Other use of by
Also by is used when we talk about increase of percentage.
Example:
Janet's salary was 250 dollars, it has increased by 100 dollars. Now she
has 350 dollars in a month.
Peter and John had a race over 200 meters. Peter won by about 50
meters.

They've got a lovely house

beside

My supporters sat

This house was built in 1943

by

Guernica was being painted at that time

by

You will be told later

I saw the film TV. On

on

Mateo makes a scale model

I wrote a letter

with

the sea. beside

me. Beside

beside

my grandfather. By
Picasso. By

John, by

by

with

clay.

the pen you gave me.

This is the soup that I made

with

He cut my hair

Come and sithere beside

Our schoolwas built

by

I went there

She left her home and went to town

on

Jennifer prefers to go shopping

with

by

rice and barley.

his gold scissors.

me.
river.
boat

on

foot.
bus.