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4.5'
a
c
3.0'
4.0'
Phase Conductor 1/0
ACSR:
Neutral Conductor 1/0
ACSR:
n
25.0'
Configuration
400:
Phase Conductor 1/0
ACSR:
Neutral Conductor 1/0
ACSR:
rp := 1.12
GMRp := .0045
Diap := .398
rn := 1.12
GMRn := .0045
Dian := .398
d := 0 + j 29
d := 7 + j 29
d := 4 + j 25
4
n, n
m := 1 .. 4
:= GMRp
n, m
4, 4
:= d d
:= GMRn
r := rp
n
r := rn
4
4.5
4.272
0.0045 2.5
2.5 0.0045
7
5.6569
D=
4.5
7
0.0045
5
4.272 5.6569 5
0.0045
Carson's Equation:
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
zpmod
:= 0.0953 + j 0.12134 ln
n, m
D
+ 7.93402
n, m
1.2153 +
0.0953 +
zpmod =
0.0953 +
0.0953 +
zpmod
:= r + zpmod
n
n, n
n, n
Kron Reduction:
znj := submatrix zpmod , 4 , 4 , 1 , 3znj = ( 0.0953 + 0.7865j 0.0953 + 0.7524j 0.0953 + 0.7674j )
znj
/mil
e
n, m
:= d d
n
50
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
n
D nm
0- nm
Snm
S nn
m'
n'
Define image coordinates:
2.5 29j
29j
s =
n 7 29j
4 25j
s := d
n
cosA
n, m
:=
2 S
n, n n, m
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
0.9991
1
0.9928 0.9973
cosA =
0.997 0.9928 1
0.9985
0.9996 0.9973 0.9985 1
n, m
:= acos cosA
2.4681
0
6.8817 4.2364
=
0
3.1798
deg 4.4365 6.8817
1.5911 4.2364 3.1798 0
n, m
G := .1609347 10
:= 100
RD :=
n
f := 60
:= 2 f
= 376.9911
0.0166
0.0166
RD =
0.0166
0.0166
Dian
24
0.0045
0.0045
GMR := GMRp GMR =
n
0.0045
0.0045
n, m
n, m
:= 8.565 10
:= 0.0386 +
1.9458563489
1.945392303
Q=
1.9443559554
1.9807675049
n, m
1
2
ln
0.0384796387
0.038515368
k=
0.0385952814
0.0358396896
+ 1 k cos
( n , m)
n, m
k
n , m 3 2
2
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
k
Q1
n, m
:=
) cos(2n , m)
(kn , m) cos(3 n , m)
:=
n, m
Q2
64
n, m
45 2
(kn , m) cos(4 n , m) ln
:=
4
Q3
n, m
n, m
:= k
:= Q
n, m
) n , msin(4n , m)
4
Q1
+ Q2
n, m
1.9457845326
1.9453206008
Q=
1.9442845091
1.9807052441
n, m
:=
3 2
0.3840572216
0.384056341
P=
0.38405437
0.3846311491
P1
n, m
(kn , m)
:=
16
k
P3
n, m
n, m
:=
Q4
n, m
n, m
Q3
n, m
Q4
n, m
k + 1.0895
n, m
384
n, m
cos
n, m
n, m
0.384056341
(kn , m)
+
16
cos 2
0.38405437
) .6728 + ln k
n, m
n, m
0.3846311491
sin
n, m
P2
n, m
n, m
(kn , m)
:=
45
cos 3
n, m
) cos(4n , m)
4
n, m
1536
:= P
n, m
+ P1
n, m
0.3840581125
0.3840573988
P=
0.3840558024
0.3846319285
+ P2
n, m
P3
n, m
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
0.1583
0.1583
X=
0.1583
0.1583
RDn
X := 2 G ln
n
GMRn
2 G = 0.1213
Using the above computed general variables, plug into Carson's equations 4.20 and 4.21:
Sn , m
zpfull
:= 4 P
G + j 2 G ln
+ 4 Q
G
n, m
n, m
n, m
n, m
Sn , n
zpfull
:= r + 4 P G + j X + 2 G ln
+ 4 Q G
n
n, n
n, n
n, n
n
RD
1.2132 +
0.0932 +
zpfull =
0.0932 +
0.0933 +
1.2153 +
0.0953 +
zpmod =
0.0953 +
0.0953 +
1.21394 +
.0936704 +
zprd :=
.0936703 +
.0937814 +
j 1.6294
.0937814 + j .797416
1.21394 + j 1.6294
.009367 + j .73761
.0937813 + j .763346
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
Rerror
n, m
Xerror
n, m
:=
:=
Re zpfull
Re zpmodn , m
100
Re zpfull
n , m
n , m
Im zpfull
Im zpmodn , m
100
Im zpfull
n , m
n , m
0.1727
2.2483
Rerror =
2.2487
2.0955
0.1363
0.2573
Xerror =
0.2806
0.2595
Rkerror
n, m
Xkerror
n, m
:=
:=
Re zpmod
Re zprdn , m
n , m
100
Re zpmod
n , m
Im zpmod
Im zprdn , m
n , m
100
Im zpmod
n , m
0.1119
1.71
Rkerror =
1.7101
1.5935
0.6799
1.2931
Xkerror =
1.4114
1.3856
1.71
1.7101 1.5935
Rderror
Xderror
n, m
n, m
:=
:=
Re zpfull
Re zprdn , m
n , m
100
Re zpfull
n , m
Im zpfull
Im zprdn , m
n , m
100
Im zpfull
n , m
0.4687
0.0606
0.4999
Rderror =
0.5002
0.4687
0.4999 0.5002
0.5427
1.0324
Xderror =
1.1268
1.1225
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
0.0933 + 0.7695j
znj := submatrix zpfull , 4 , 4 , 1 , 3 znj = ( 0.0933 + 0.7886j 0.0933 + 0.7545j 0.0933 + 0.7695j )
Rcerror
i, j
:=
Re zmodi , j
100
Re zfull
i , j
Re zfull
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
i , j
i, j
i , j
Imerror = 0.2328
Im zmodi , j
100
Im zfull
i , j
Im zfull
:=
Xcerror
Realerror = 0.1344
Rcderror
i, j
:=
Re zrdi , j
100
Re zfull
i , j
Re zfull
i , j
Xcderror
i, j
:=
Realerror = 0.8598
Im zrdi , j
100
Im zfull
i , j
Im zfull
i , j
Imerror = 0.542
Rmderror
i, j
:=
Re zrdi , j
100
Re zmod
i , j
Re zmod
i , j
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
Realerror = 0.7242
Xmderror
i, j
Im zrdi , j
100
Im zmod
i , j
Im zmod
:=
i , j
Imerror = 0.7768
It appers to me that the major cause or error between the full Carson and the modified Carson is the value of
the dirt resitance. My modified method in the book comes up with 0.0953 ohms/mile using the assumptions
as stated in the book. The dirt resistance in Carson' full equations is given by:
rd
n, m
:= 4 P
0.0932
0.0932
rd =
0.0932
0.0933
n, m
Note that there is not a big difference between the various terms. With that in mind in order to come up with
"new"modified Carson equation define the dirt resistance as the mean of the resistance array shown above:
rd := mean( rd)
rd = 0.0933
In the modified Carson's equation the imaginary part of both the self and mutual terms has a constant of
7.93402 inside the brackets. That term in full Carson is:
Constant
n, m
) + 2 Qn , m
:= ln S
7.952
7.952
Constant =
7.952
7.9508
n, m
7.952
7.952 7.9508
7.952
7.952 7.9508
7.952
7.952 7.9508
Cmean = 7.951396
n := 1 .. 4
m := 1 .. 4
+C
mean
n, m
zpnew
:= rd + j 0.12134 ln
n, m
D
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
zpnew
:= r + zpnew
n
n, n
n, n
10
1.2133 +
0.0933 +
zpnew =
0.0933 +
0.0933 +
Kron
1.2133 + 1.6205j 0.0933 + 0.8536j 0.0933 + 0.7823j
Reduction:
zij := submatrix zpnew , 1 , 3 , 1 , 3 zij = 0.0933 + 0.8536j 1.2133 + 1.6205j 0.0933 + 0.7287j
0.0933 + 0.7886j
zin := submatrix( zpnew , 1 , 3 , 4 , 4zin
) = 0.0933 + 0.7546j
0.0933 + 0.7695j
znj := submatrix zpnew , 4 , 4 , 1 , 3znj = ( 0.0933 + 0.7886j 0.0933 + 0.7546j 0.0933 + 0.7695j )
znj
11
i := 1 .. 3 j := 1 .. 3
Rcerror
i, j
Re znewi , j
100
Re zfull
i , j
Re zfull
:=
i , j
Xcerror
i, j
Realerror = 0.0341
Im znewi , j
100
Im zfull
i , j
Im zfull
:=
i , j
Imerror = 0.0181
It is very important to note that the error between the full and new equatiions yields a very small error. With
that in mind, the dirt resistance and the constant in the imaginary term will be redefined as shown above.
Compute errors on real and imaginary parts of new modified vs. Roger
Dugan:
Rmderror
i, j
Xmderror
i, j
:=
:=
Re zrdi , j
100
Re znew
i , j
Im zrd
i , j 100
Im znew
i , j
Re znew
i , j
Im znew
i , j
Note the much larger error. It would appear that Roger and I have different definitions for the full Carson.
We need to check that out.
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
12
constant := 7.6786 +
constant := 7.6786 +
1
2
constant := 7.6786 +
1
2
ln
100
60
ln
1000
60
1
2
ln
10
60
C:\Users\Bill\Documents\IEEE\papers
\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
constant = 7.93401
constant = 9.08531
constant = 6.78272
13
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\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
14
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\PSCE 2011\Full Carson config 400.xmcd
15