Spaghetti Challenge

In groups, you have 15 minutes to complete the challenge

using only the materials I provide you.

Build the TALLEST free standing structure using the

materials provided that can support a marshmallow at

the top.
The structure must be free standing ie. Not attached to

anything.
The scissors and bag may not be part of the structure.
I will measure height from your desk to the top of the
marshmallow.
Questions?

Lets Reflect:
What worked? What didnt?
Was I successful in meeting the

objective?
How do I know?
Why or why not?

Did I learn anything unexpected?

How can I apply this?

A little brain exercise

How much do you know about the brain?
Decide whether you think each of these
statements are true or false.

1. Your brain is grey

2. Listening to Mozart will make you smarter.
3. Knowledge causes wrinkles.
4. You can learn through subliminal messaging.
5. The human brain is the largest brain.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ukN8UY83xFI

Notes
Gap-fill Notes

On Class Website www.jroelfsema.weebly.com

Practice questions
Check your knowledge
What do you do if you dont know the answer?

Take a moment to appreciate how

good we have it
Senses
Muscles
Organs
Breathing
Memories
Language
Learning

Outcomes
Students will:
Explain how the nervous system controls
physiological processes

The brain helps maintain homeostasis

Consistent internal environment is maintained, despite

changes in the environment.

Nervous System

There are 2 main parts to this amazing system

CNS (central nervous system)
Includes brain and spinal cord
PNS (peripheral nervous system)
Includes organs and sensory nerves communicate to
and from CNS

The Divisions of the Nervous System

Overview of Nervous System

Hmmm.
What
is
a
NEURON?
There are two types of cells in the
nervous system:
Glial cells:

Non conducting
Provide structural support and
metabolism

Neurons:

Conduct nerve impulses = transmits

information
Basic building block of the nervous
system

Do Now:
Answer the Starting Points questions #1-3 in your

notes.
Starting Points are helpful because they make us

think about what we already know about a subject, and

what we might have questions about.
Answer these using your current knowledge

Neurons

Neurons have three basic parts:

Cell body, Axon, Dendrites

Pg 409

Cell body
This main part has all of the necessary components

of the cell
nucleus (contains DNA)
endoplasmic reticulum

ribosomes (for building proteins)

mitochondria (for making energy).

*If the cell body dies, the neuron dies.

Dendrites - signals coming in

These small, branch-like projections of the cell allow

the neuron to talk with other cells, and bring impulses

toward the cell body
Can be located on one or both ends of the cell.

Axon signals going out

long, cable-like projection of the cytoplasm

carries electrochemical message (nerve

impulse or action potential) along the length
of the cell.
axons can be covered with a thin layer of
myelin, like an insulated electrical wire.

Myelin Sheath
Myelin is made of fatty protein (so what colour
is it?)
Helps to speed up transmission of a nerve

impulse down a long axon.

Myelinated neurons are typically found in the
peripheral nerves (sensory and motor neurons),
while non-myelinated neurons are found in the
brain and spinal cord.

Myelin sheath
Myelin is made from special glial cells
They are called Schwann cells (after the guy who found

them)
The gaps in between are called the Nodes of Ranvier.
Saltatory conduction makes the neural signal go faster.

 No myelin = problematic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Naecv3h868c
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhLbvVZovco&fea

ture=fvw
What is Multiple Sclerosis?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgySDmRRzxY

 Neurilemma - membrane that surrounds the axon of

peripheral nervous system nerve fibres, promotes

regeneration of axons after injury

Types of Neurons- page 409-410

Name

Sensory Neurons

Sensory
Receptors
Interneurons

Motor Neurons

Effectors
*ganglia

Where are they

found?

What do they
do?

Types of Neurons
Name

Where are they

found?

Sensory Neurons

PNS outside the CNS Send info towards the spinal

cord/brain

Sensory
Receptors

Sensory Organs
On the body (eyes,
hair, skin, etc.)

Receive information

Interneurons

Brain and spinal cord

Link neurons to other neurons

Motor Neurons

PNS

Excite the motor system

Effectors

All over the body

Respond to stimulus
(Muscles)

*ganglia = group or cluster of neurons

What do they do?

Practice (p.410)
1. Differentiate between the peripheral nervous system and the
central nervous system.
2. Differentiate between sensory and motor nerves. Are these
nerves part of the CNS or the PNS?
3. Briefly describe the function of the follow parts of a neuron:
- dendrites
- myelin sheath
- Schwann cells
- cell body
- axon

Assignment
Read Section 13.1

Complete Practice Questions (last page, in your notes)

Complete Chapter Assignment Questions (p.414)

Reminders
Student Information Sheet asap!

First Quick Quiz tomorrow!

Section 13.1