CHAPTER 2

TENSES
Dalam belajar tenses hal yang pal ing pokok

dan perlu dipahami adalah

Pattern/Pola dan Keterangan Waktunya.

A.

Present
Tenses

Pola

Present tense

S + V1 (es/s)

Present Continuous

S + Tobe + Ving

Present Perfect

S + Have/has + V3

Present Perfect
Continuous Tense

S + Have/has + Been + Ving

Ket. Waktu
Every
Now, usually, always,
generally
Now, at the present, at
this moment, today
Lately, recently
For + periode waktu
Since + S + V2
For + periode waktu
All day, this weeks
For the last
Sampai sekarang masih
berlangsung

Eg.
: We get up early every day.
She has been studying hard for the last two months.
Catatan :
1.
Beberapa kata kerja tidak dapat dalam bentuk continuous adalah :
Need, want, remember, forget, like, know, believe, trust, understand, belong,
own, appear.
2.

Kata kerja live dalam Present perfect sama dengan Present Perfect
I have lived in Yogya for a years
I have been in Yogya for a years

I Still Live in Yogya

Choose the best answer

1. A : Where is Tanti ?
B : I dont know. In fact I .any of our friends since I arrived.
a. did not see
c. have not seen
b. was not seeing
d. do not see
2. A : You look so unhappy, Anton. Whats the matter ?
B : My father .his job
a. has just lost
c. losing
b. have been losing
d. is losing
3. A : Several hotels in this region are closing down.
B : Thats because tourism itself.since last years.
a. has declined
c. is declining
b. has been declining
d. decline
4. A : What are you looking for ?
B : My wallet, I dont know where I .it
a. have been putting
c. am putting
b. have put
d. put
5. A : Anwar was promoted president of your company last week, wasnt he ?
B
: Im glad he was, he .in this company for years.
a. has been working
c. had worked
b. is working
d. work
B.

Past
Tenses

Pola

Past tense

S + V2

Past Continuous

S + Tobe + Ving

Past Perfect

S + had + V3

Past Perfect
Continuous Tense

S + had + Been + Ving

Eg.

Ket. Waktu
Yesterday; Last .
.ago
While ; As
When + S + V2
Before ; When ..
As
; Until
For + periode waktu
When S+ V2
Before

: I was walking home when it began to rain.

The police has been looking for the robbers for two years before they
caught him.

Choose the best answer

1. A : When did you take the academic writing course ?
B : Last year, after I .composition II
a. complete
c. have completed
b. was completing
d. had completed
2. The book that I .in the classroom was found by Ali
a. had left
was leaving
b. had been leaving
d. would have left
3. A : Did you gets seats at the show last night?
B : Not really, we came when the show .
a. to start already
c. had already started
b. was already started
d. was already started
4. She .the shoes for five minutes when one of the heels came off.
a.
am only wearing
c. had only wearing
b.
was only wearing
d. have only been wearing
5. A : So you have finished typing those the letters! When did you do it?
B : Where you .the meeting.
a. were attending
c. have attended
b. attend
d. had attended
B.

Future
Tenses

Pola

Future tense

S + Shall/will + V1

Future Continuous

S + Shall/will + be + Ving

Future Perfect

S + Shall/will + Have + V3

Future Perfect
Continuous Tense

S + Shall/will + have + Ving

Ket. Waktu
Tomorrow, next
(week, day)
This weekend
At this tomorrow
At ten tomorrow
When + S + V1(es/s)
By + ket. waktu
When + S + V1(es/s)
For + . By + ket.
waktu
Next.for .
When + S + V1(es/s) for
ket. waktu

Eg. : By the end of this week he will have finished reading the novel.
Next year she will have been studying English for three years.

Choose the best answer

1. A : Could you tell your brother to meet me at the library tomorrow ?
B : Sure, I .him.
a.
will tell
c. be telling
b.
would have told
d. will be telling
2. When you arrive on the 6th floor, give my note to the secretary and she .you
to my office
a. directs
c. directing
b. will direct
d. will direct
3. A : I forgot to return this book to the library last week
B : Well. Im afraid you .a fine when you return it.
a. having to pay
c. have had to pay
c. will have to pay
d. had had to pay
4. I hope that by the time my father retires, I .a job
a. get
c. have got
b. got
d. will have got
5. By the end of this week I .from Malaysia
a. have been back
c. would be back
b. may be back
d. will have been back