Catalog Plante Tropica

Plant guide
A growing success...
Publisher:
Layout and text:
Photos delivered by:
Water colour illustrations:
Tropica Aquarium Plants

Mejlbyvej 200
DK-8250 Egaa
Denmark
Tel. +45 86220566
Fax +45 86228466
E-mail: tropica@tropica.dk
www.tropica.com
envision
Christiansgade 30
DK-8100 Aarhus C
Denmark
Jan Ole Pedersen

Claus Christensen
Ole Pedersen
Christel Kasselmann
Oliver Knott
Eu It Hai
Olaf Deters
Martin Rask Thomsen
George Farmer
Verner Hancke
Kirsten Hjrne
Kirsten Tind
Illustration: Staurogyne repens
Printing:
Scanprint A/S
All rights reserved
Habitat for Staurogyne repens
Discovering new plants for the aquarium

It is Tropicas aim to continuously contribute new planting opportunities for the aquarium hobby. Thats how it has been
since 1970 and how it will continue into the future. One of our latest successes has been the introduction of Staurogyne
repens that was found in the Rio Amazonas, Brazil (little picture). Staurogyne can be attached to stones and roots or it
can form a dense carpet in the foreground of the aquarium. It can also form a compact cushion growth, as shown in the
picture.
The use of watercolours in the diagrams helps to reproduce an accurate representation of how the plant appears in the
aquarium in terms of colour and texture. This plant guide contains an extensive list of interesting plants that will provide you
with both inspiration and advice for how to get the best experiences possible for this wonderful hobby. Read and enjoy!
Welcome to Tropica
With this guide we would like to give you the best possible opportunities for getting the most from your aquariums. We know that the
inspiration and desire to take up this great hobby often starts from a beautiful aquarium that you have witnessed; perhaps at a friends
home, in a magazine, website, or at an aquatic retailer. Unfortunately, we also know that many new aquarium owners will give up this
hobby; sometimes after only six to twelve months. So, why is this?
Even if you are an experienced hobbyist it can be difficult to select and purchase the appropriate equipment required for your aquarium.
In many aquatic retailers you will often find an overwhelming choice of aquariums, fish, plants, lighting options, substrates/gravel, liquid
fertilizers, CO2 units and filters. This guide will help you to identify your specific needs, but it is also important to consult with a retailer
that has appropriate experience in planted aquariums.
Through this publication we will assist you in ensuring a successful start. We highlight the fundamental conditions that you must be
aware of whether you are a beginner or an experienced aquarist. You will find this guide focusing mainly on aquarium plants. These
plants have been produced by dedicated and experienced professionals who every day ensure you receive the best possible quality
products and advice. Please visit our website, www.tropica.com where you can gain further inspiration and information. We wish you a
very successful start and long-term success with your hobby!
Yours faithfully,
Lars Green
Managing Director
Content
Let the dream become reality
Page 6
Examples of layouts Page 7

Introduction to Tropicas product range
Page 12
Pots and XLs Page 13

AquaDecor plants grown on wood and lavastone Page 14
Mosses plenty of opportunities Page 16
Floating plants another perspective Page 17
Bunched plants easy and fast planting Page 18
Bulbs the joy of expectations Page 19

Plants from A-Z
Page 20
Tropicas ABC Page 87

Before you start Page 88
Tips and tricks for planting and growing Page 90
Algae growth can be limited by simple methods Page 94
Tropica AquaCare
Page 96
Index
Page 98
Illustration: Azolla caroliniana
Let the dream become reality

Through inspiration and advice Tropica will help you to get started on the right path. On the following five pages you
will find five different layouts: The classic layout, the starter layout, the childrens aquarium, the nano aquarium and
finally an example of a high-impact and colourful layout. Each layout is detailed and you will see the list of the plants
in the aquarium and a layout plan (the number of pots used are indicated in parentheses). Visit www.tropica.com for
more photos, layouts and information. Relevant information concerning difficulty and technical equipment will also
be discussed. This information is also available on our website. The above issues are meant as a guideline to help
you get the best possible start with your aquarium, but it is also to help you maintain your interest in this hobby!
Photo: Oliver Knott
The Classic Layout

An example of an aquarium that will fit in several settings: The living room, the kitchen or in your office. This layout is classic because
of its island composition. The foreground is a thriving carpet of Lilaeopsis and the colorful Rosanervig is the focal point of the aquarium. By planting Anubias and Cryptocoryne in the middle of the aquarium will create a contrast of dark green to the bright green carpet and the colorful Rosanervig. Java moss attached to wood will create both depth and maturity. The composition of plants provides
a fine balance between fast growing plants (they take up nutrient and reduce algae growth) and slow growing plants that require less
maintaining.
Tip! Rosanervig is an undemanding plant. Nesaea crassicaulis or Rotala rotundifolia are suitable alternatives as easy and coloured
plants.
Difficulty
Volume
Dimensions
Light
co2
Time/Week
Some experience
128 L
80 x 40 x 40 cm
2 x 24 W (T5)
20 mg/L
1 Hour
Plant List
A
E
E
H
E
E
G
Ceratopteris thalictroides (x 2)
Hygrophila polysperma Rosanervig (x 1)
Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705 (x 1)
Anubias barteri coffeefolia (x 1)
Anubias barteri var. nana (x 4)
Cryptocoryne becketti petchii (x 1)
Lilaeopsis brasiliensis (x 5)
Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) (x 1)
Result 55 days after set-up

A
A
H
H
The Starter Layout

In most pet shops its easy to find a starter aquarium kit. It is a complete set containing aquarium, light, heater and filter. Most beginners would like a thriving aquarium with bold colours and a large number of fish. However, experience shows that a starter kit often
provides low lighting levels so there are only few plants suitable to this type of aquarium. We have for this set-up chosen standard
plants only! Microsorum and Cryptocoryne are both slow growing and Echinodorus and Vallisneria to create volume in the aquarium.
Limnophila is centrally planted, right under the light and is an example of a plant that grows fast and which helps creating a good
balance in the aquarium.
Tip! By using AquaDecor products with plants like Microsorum and Anubias for the set-up, the aquarium will look more adapted from
the start. These products require less light and they are already well established on root or lavastone.
Difficulty
Volume
Dimensions
Light
co2
Time/week
Easy
54 L
60 x 30 x 30 cm
15 W (T8)
INGEN
0.5 hour
Plant List
A
Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) (x 1)
Limnophila sessiliflora (x 1)
Vallisneria americana (natans) (x 1)
Cryptocoryne wendtii Tropica (x 1)
Microsorum pteropus Windelv (x 1)
Cryptocoryne parva (x 1)
B
E
D
The Childrens Aquarium

Some of the main considerations when planting the childrens aquarium are colours, impact and action. We have chosen a dinosaur/
animal layout for this set-up, but you can find a large selection of ornaments at your local shop such as pirates, castles, treasure
chests, sunken ships etc. In order to ensure the correct balance in the childrens aquarium you will definitely need plants! The number
of plants must be adjusted to the number of fish. It should be plants that easily adapt to the environment and that help the water to
stay clean and algae free. Below we have listed a selection of both fast and slow growing species that are all good starter plants.
Tip! Buy livebearing fish for the childrens aquarium such as guppies and platies. They are hardy, brightly coloured and breed frequently. They also eat algae. Ask your local dealer for further information.
Difficulty
Volume
Dimensions
Light
co2
Time/week
Easy
112 L
80 x 40 x 40 cm
2 x 18 W (T8)
None
0.5 hour
Plant List
C
A
B
E
F
Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) (x 1)
Ludwigia repens Rubin (x 1)
Microsorum pteropus (x 1)
Microsorum pteropus Windelv (x 1)
Anubias barteri var. nana (x 4)
Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) (x 2)
F
F
B
E
The Nano Aquarium

Over the last few years nano aquariums have become very popular. Partly because they fit well into the modern familys way of living
and also because the use of different mosses and shrimps are a growing trend. This layout is more advanced and requires both good
light and CO2. Three different foreground plants have been used for this layout. All with different leaf shapes. Hemianthus with its
millimeter-sized small leaves that capture tiny oxygen bubbles, Staurogyne with slightly bigger leaves and a creeping growth, and finally
Pogostemon that creates dense, curly leaves. Behind the stony soil a Heteranthera contribute with plumpness and vigor. Many plants
are suitable for the nano aquariums and especially mosses are popular! Most plant types are suitable but frequently cutting is a must if
using taller and fast growing plants.
Tip! Small algae-eating fish and shrimps, frequent water change and regular care are important elements to maintain an optimal water
quality in your nano aquarium.
Difficulty
Volume
Dimensions
Light
co2
Time/week
Experienced
12 L
30 x 20 x 20 cm
24 W (T5)
25 mg/L
1 Hour
Plant List
Staurogyne repens (x 2)
Pogostemon helferi (x 2)
Hemianthus callitrichoides Cuba (x 4)
Heteranthera zosterifolia (x 1)
B
B
C
B
A
C
10
The Show Aquarium

The Aquarium for plant lovers! This aquarium contains a large number of plants, its colourful, contains new plants and has an impressing layout with rocks and spider-like roots. We show with this layout how transitions can be made entirely from low foreground
plants to rock formations and how to create a wedge between the rocks by using medium high plants. We use Vallisneria as an easy
carpet in the background. Space is created for the Echinodorus Ozelot that may be the most beautiful, coloured Echinodorus in the
aquarium. Christmas moss has been attached to the roots and helps to creating depth and a sense of maturity in the aquarium.
Tip! Carpets of foreground plants help to maintain a good balance in the aquarium and need to be maintained regularly. There are
many suitable species; Eleocharis, Lilaeopsis, Echinodorus tenellus the list is long!
Difficulty
Volume
Dimensions
Light
co2
Time/week
Experienced
297 L
132 x 50 x 45 cm
4 x 54 W (T5)
25 mg/L
1-2 Hours
F
G
Plant List
A
Vallisneria nana (x 8)
Echinodorus Ozelot (x 1)
Lindernia rotundifolia (x 2)
Cryptocoryne wendtii brown (x 2)
Staurogyne repens (x 3)
Pogostemon erectus (x 3)
Hemianthus callitrichoides Cuba (x 1)
Eleocharis parvula (x 10)
Vesicularia dubyana Christmas (x 1)

B
F
E
H
11
Introduction to Tropicas
product range
On the following eight pages we will introduce to you our range of high quality products. These different
groups will help you to understand the extensive possibilities you will have when selecting these plants, whilst
also providing a source of inspiration.
The product groups are being divided into pots, XL-plants, AquaDecor products, mosses, floating plants,
bunches and bulbs. The alphabetical index on page 98 list all plant varieties, all marked with rate of difficulty,
and an index on page 99 has divided all plants into product groups.
Hygrophila polysperma
Rosanervig
Dense and bushy stem
plant
White and pink marbled
leaves
Adapts to most environments
Glossostigma elatinoides
Attractive and challenging
foreground plant
Compact and vigorous
growth
Require intensive light
12
Nesaea pedicellata
Colourful and easy
stem plant
Addition of CO2 to
achieve intense colour
Suitable for middleground
Limnophila sessiliflora
Attractive and fast
growing stem plant
Develop a dense and
bushy growth
Good starter plant
POTS
Tropica have a great selection of pots. The demands of the plants vary from easy to difficult, and
this also can affect the price. We ensure good quality by ensuring a great deal of plant material is
in each pot. Every potted plant can de divided into several smaller portions for planting. Furthermore, we can guarantee healthy and well-developed roots in all plants.
XL when its the size you require
Some of our pots are also available as XL-plants if you ever need fully grown plants for your
aquarium. XL-plants are more sturdy and are suitable for Cichlid aquariums.
XL and pot
13
AquaDecor plants grown

on wood and lavastone
AquaDecor products are a range of plants taking root on bogwood or lavastone. Plants that grow
directly on wood and stone will be far more hardy than plants growing in pots. The AquaDecor
products gives you a variety of applications. You can create an aquarium that looks mature from the
very start. For aquariums with fishes that are hard on plants both Microsorum and Anubias (hardy
plants) are recommendable.
AquaDecor for creating life-like landscapes:

Products that create depth in the aquarium
An easy and fast way to achieve the result
Hardy plants that adapt easily
AquaDecor with Anubias and Microsorum for Cichlids:

Cichlids rake up the bottom of the aquarium
Cichlids eat off the plants
Hardy plants that adapt easily
14
AquaDecor is available with suction caps

Create hiding places for the fish
Create depth in the aquarium
Can hang both on the side and on
the back of the wall in the aquarium
AquaDecor Sizes
Roots approx. length:
Nano ( 7-10 cm)
Small (12-25 cm)
Large (30-40 cm)
Lavastone approx. sizes:
Small ( 7-15 cm)
Large (20-30 cm)
Microsorum pteropus Windelv photo: Jan Ole Pedersen
15
Mosses plenty of opportunities!

Moss is available in a large number of varieties, and has become more popular over the last
few years. The moss is normally sold as portions and it has many various possibilities for
planting. A common aspect for mosses is that they should be attached to wood or stone.
Tip! To avoid or minimize algae growth you should have a large number of algae-eating
shrimps, fishes and snails in the aquarium. It is also recommended to put some floating
plants when you start up the aquarium. Floating plants will take up the nutrient until the
aquarium obtains a good balance and the mosses are growing willingly.
Attaching mosses to driftwood with sewing thread:

Can be attached to all kind of decoration materials
Must be pruned frequently to maintain shape
See index p. 99 and Plants A-Z for species
16
Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) photo: George Farmer
Ceratopteris thalictroides
A potted plant that is suitable also
as a floating plant
Develop very decorative roots
Fast growing and take nutrient
Limnobium laevigatum
Most decorative floating plants
Creates shadow and hidings for surface fish
See index p. 99 and Plants from A-Z
for more floating plants
Floating plants
another perspective!
Floating plants are normally sold as portions, in the same way as
Tropicas mosses. They are fast growing, rapidly take up nutrients
and help to create shade. These plants are therefore ideal to help
reduce algae growth during the start-up of the aquarium. Their decorative roots make a good hiding place for breeding fish and their fry.
17
Bunched plants
easy and fast planting!
Bunched plants are mainly stem plants without roots. The most common bunched plants like Egeria,
Cabomba and Vallisneria are all easy plants that quickly develop roots in their bottom layer. Most
bunched plants are fast growing and are therefore suitable for the start up of your aquarium. They also
take up nutrition rapidly and minimise algae growth.
TIP! Make sure not to plant stems too close knowing that the types are fast growing. Re-plant runners
and new stems as well as top shoots.
Egeria densa
Popular bunched plant
Fast growing
Undemanding
Vallisneria natans
Easy and steady starter
plant
Suitable for planting in
the corners behind in
the aquarium
18
Nymphea lotus (zenkeri)

Beautiful and popular
bulb plant
Numerous green and
red colours
Good light increases
colour intensity
Aponogeton bulbs
Bulbs have many forms
Leaves can be curled,
wavy or thick
The plants are vigorous
and decorative
Bulbs the joy of expectations!

Plants like Aponogeton and Nymphea when under water produce new shoot from the bulb.
When planting the bulb in the bottom of the aquarium make sure that the shoots wont be
covered as they will then rot. Bulb plants are recommended as solitary plants as they are fast
growing and takes up a lot of space in the aquarium.
TIP! When you buy bulbs make sure that they have a healthy shoot. When planting it into the
bottom of the aquarium only the bulb itself must be covered in the gravel. The shoot must be
on the surface of the gravel.
Nymphea lotus (zenkeri) photo: Claus Christensen
19
Plants from A-Z

To help you get started with the understanding of the plant species and varieties, we will explain how to read the plant diagrams. Below you
will see an example of a plant diagram with all relevant information and numbers referring to the list below. Further information is available on
www.tropica.com
Nesaea crassicaulis
033B
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Lythraceae
ORIGIN: Africa
HEIGHT:
30 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
8 - 15+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
22 - 28C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
10
pH:
5.5 - 8.5
11
12
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
13
FAST
14
DIFFICULT
15
16
Nesaea crassicaulis is a beautiful and highly recommended aquarium plant, although it has high demands for
light. It has red-brown, cognac-coloured leaves. Grows best in soft and slightly acidic water. Make sure the
lower leaves get sufficient light, otherwise they will die off. This plant is similar to Ammannia species and is often
mistaken for them. But in the aquarium it can be recognised by its yellow-green stems. Easy to propagate by
side shoots or cuttings, which can be cut off and planted in the bottom.
1 The plants latin name
6 Picture
of sales pot

2 Tropicas order number
7 Area of origin where the plant is most widespread
3 Hand painted water colour illustration
8 Plant height/width average size after 2 months in the aquarium
4 Varieties and price groups (see the section for product range)
9 Temperature range tolerated by the plant
5 Name of the plant family
10 GH (water hardness) medium hardness is GH 5-10 dH

11 pH Tolerance neutral pH is 6.5-7.5
www.tropica.com
30-50 cm
8-15+cm
l B
(!7AD24J-addcai!
Nesaea
crassicaulis
Fast

Easy
13 Light conditions medium requirement referred to as 0.5 Watt/L

14 Growth rate

Slow
12 The
letter refers to the Tips & Tricks diagram on page 90 for

plantation and maintenance
15 Plants
demands. Each plant is marked with a colour spot that

indicates the growing conditions required: Green = easy,
Yellow = medium, Red = difficult
Difficult

033B POT
79C
220032
CTRP02
5_B.pd
x105m
f
m
20
www.tropica.com
16 How
the plant looks after it has adapted to the conditions of

the aquarium.
CTRP02
5_F.pdf
x105m
m
Africa
22-28C
pH: 5.5-8.5
GH: 1-14dH
Alternanthera reineckii 'Pink' (roseafolia)
023
PRICE GROUP: POT 5, BDT 3, XL 9
FamilY: Amaranthaceae
ORIGIN: South America
HEIGHT:
25 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
17 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
The purple colour underneath Alternanthera reineckii Pink leaves provides an effective contrast to the many
green plants in an aquarium - particularly when planted in groups. Good light encourages the leaves to turn red.
Easy to propagate by nipping off the terminal bud and planting it in the bottom. This also makes the mother
plant more bushy, because more side shoots are formed.
Alternanthera reineckii 'Purple' (lilacina)
023B
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Amaranthaceae
HEIGHT:
15 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
17 - 28C
GH:
4 - 13 dH
pH:
5-7
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Alternanthera reineckii Purple needs plenty of light to grow and form dark-red leaves. In open aquariums it
grows willingly up through the surface, and like other difficult plants growth improves considerably if CO2 is
added. Shortage of micronutrients results in pale leaves. Like other stem plants Alternanthera reineckii Purple
is best in groups.
21
Anubias barteri var. angustifolia
101C
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: West Africa
HEIGHT:
10 - 15+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE:
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Anubias barteri var. angustifolia is a beautiful plant with long, narrow leaves. Anubias barteri var. angustifolia
used to be sold as Anubias afzelii, but the latter is actually a much larger species. It is grown in the same conditions as Anubias barteri var. nana. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
Anubias barteri var. barteri
101A
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: West Africa
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Anubias barteri var. barteri is an undemanding plant. It grows somewhat larger than Anubias barteri var. nana
but is grown in the same conditions. Anubias barteri varies considerably in terms of size and leaf shape. Like
other Anubias-species, it is best planted in a shady spot to restrict algae growth on the leaves. It is also suitable
for terrariums and aquaterrariums. Herbivorous fish do not eat the very tough and robust leaves.
22
HEIGHT:
25 - 45 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE:
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia ''1705''
101U
PRICE GROUP: POT 8, XL 12
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
7 - 30+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE:
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705 is also simply called 1705 (the number used by an Australian tissue
propagation laboratory). It is a very beautiful variety with heartshaped leaves. The leaves live for several years,
so Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia can easily form large groups despite its slow growth. A group of Anubias
barteri var. caladiifolia growing more than 50 cm wide in a few years is not unusual.
Anubias barteri ''coffeefolia''
101G
PRICE GROUP: POT 9
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Cultivar
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HEIGHT:
15 - 25 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE:
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Anubias barteri coffeefolia is a very beautiful, low variety of Anubias barteri. It is characteristic that the leaves
arch considerably between the leaf ribs, and the new leaves are red-brown. The colour combination and leaf
shape make it an attractive variety in both large and small aquariums. It flowers frequently under water but does
not produce seeds there. Anubias-species seem to grow so slowly that they do not realise that they have been
submerged. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia ''1705''

101U
23
Anubias barteri var. nana
101
PRICE GROUP: POT 8, AquaDecor
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Cameroun
HEIGHT:
5 - 15 cm
WIDTH:
8 - 12+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE:
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Anubias barteri var. nana is a small, attractive plant which thrives in all conditions. It grows slowly, and the
leaves survive for several years, giving slow-growing algae the chance to become established. The best result
is achieved by planting on a stone or tree root. Fishing line can be used to attach the plant until it gains a hold.
If planted on the bottom the rhizome must not be covered because it tends to rot. It flowers frequently under
water. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
Aponogeton boivinianus
088
PRICE GROUP: POT 9, KN 7
FamilY: Aponogetonaceae
ORIGIN: Madagascar
HEIGHT:
30 - 60+ cm
WIDTH:
20 - 30+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
16 - 30C
GH:
9 - 20 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: C
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Aponogeton boivinianus is a large, strong plant which is only suitable for large aquariums. In favourable conditions it can form very large leaves (up to 80 cm long and 8 cm wide). The oldest leaves are deep dark-green,
while younger leaves are light-green and sometimes brownish until they are fully developed. In the wild Aponogeton boivinianus is found in fast-flowing water, and it prefers some flow in the aquarium water. It needs a
dormant period when the root does not produce leaves.
24

101
Did you know

Tropica was the first to introduce the Anubias barteri var. nana back in 1973-74 to the world market.
Anubias barteri var. nana originates from Cameroon in Africa, and was brought to Denmark by the
2. Galathea-expedition (1950-52). In 1969 Tropicas founder, Holger Windelv, found it in an aquarium
shop in Copenhagen. The price was back then settled per leaf! With the assistance from an English
company they managed to propagate the plant and to launch the plant in larger quantities.
The Galathea-expedition discovered the

Anubias barteri var. nana by the foot of
Mount Cameroon.
A section from a map of Africa
25
Aponogeton crispus
083
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
ORIGIN: Sri Lanka
HEIGHT:
25 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: C
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Aponogeton crispus looks good in any aquarium with its light-green, transparent leaves. It makes few demands, although growth is always best in soft, slightly acidic water with a nutritious bottom. In such conditions
the plant produces a mass of leaves, and it flowers very frequently in optimum conditions. Aponogeton crispus
is generally found in ponds that are only filled with water in the rainy season, but it does not need a dormant
period in the aquarium.
Aponogeton longiplumulosus
089D
ORIGIN: Madagascar
HEIGHT:
35 - 60 cm
WIDTH:
25 - 50 cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: C
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Aponogeton longiplumulosus has large, fluted leaves, making it a wonderful plant which can be recommended
for large aquariums. It is relatively undemanding, and makes no special demands on water quality. It also flowers frequently, making it a beautiful addition to any large open aquarium. It stops growing at regular intervals,
but normally starts again after a few weeks of dormancy.
26
Aponogeton crispus
083
Aponogeton madagascariensis
089
ORIGIN: Madagascar
HEIGHT:
25 - 50+ cm
WIDTH:
25 - 30+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5 - 7.5
CODE: C
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Aponogeton madagascariensis is a speciality in botanical gardens all over the world. Aponogeton madagascariensis makes such high demands on water quality and the bottom that it can only be recommended as
a solitary plant in large, specialised aquariums in which the water is replaced frequently. There are several
varieties, with different structures and leaf widths.
Aponogeton ulvaceus
086
ORIGIN: Madagascar
HEIGHT:
30 - 50+ cm
WIDTH:
30 - 35 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: C
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Aponogeton ulvaceus is one of the most beautiful species in the Aponogeton-family. The leaves are delicate
light-green and transparent with fluted margin. A single root can produce more than 40 leaves. This means that
the plant is best as a solitary plant in large aquariums. It is relatively tolerant, and thrives in both soft and hard
water, particularly if CO2 is added. There are many varieties of Aponogeton ulvaceus, some of which need a
dormant period when the root does not produce leaves.
27
Azolla caroliniana
013
PRICE GROUP: POR 6
FamilY: Azollaceae
ORIGIN: North America
HEIGHT:
1 - 2 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
5 - 26C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE:
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Azolla caroliniana is a small floating fern housing blue-green algae in its leaves. These algae are capable of
absorbing nitrogen from the air, which can then be used by the plant. Azolla caroliniana is used as nitrogen
fertiliser in rice paddies, and as animal feed. There are several related varieties on the market, with similar appearance. A decorative plant for open aquariums.
Bacopa australis
043A
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Scrophulariaceae
ORIGIN:
Brazil
HEIGHT:
7 - 30 cm
WIDTH:
2 - 4+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Bacopa australis was discovered in southern Brazil (australis = southern), and it does not come from Australia,
as might otherwise be assumed from its name. Like the other Bacopa-species, Bacopa australis is also easy
to grow in an aquarium. Under certain conditions it creeps across the bottom to form an elegantly decorative
light green cushion. When Bacopa australis grows in a good light, the leaves become reddish. It is easily propagated by taking side shoots and planting them in the substrate.
28
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Bacopa caroliniana
043
PRICE GROUP: POT 5, XL 9, BDT 3
ORIGIN: USA
HEIGHT:
10 - 30+ cm
WIDTH:
3 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Bacopa caroliniana has been used as an aquarium plant for many years. Apart from relatively good light it
makes few demands. Its slow growth rate makes it one of the few stem plants that do not need much attention.
Like most stem plants, it is most decorative when planted in small groups. Easy to propagate by cuttings; take
a side shoot and plant it in the bottom.
Bacopa monnieri
044
PRICE GROUP: POT 4
ORIGIN: Pan Tropic
HEIGHT:
25 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
8 - 15+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
6-9
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Bacopa monnieri is an easy and highly recommended plant which thrives in almost all conditions. It is a plant
which is suitable for the hard water found in many European aquariums. Propagate by cuttings; take a side
shoot or terminal bud and plant it in the bottom. Most beautiful when a great number of shoots are planted
in a group.
29
Bolbitis heudelotii
006
PRICE GROUP: POT 8, XL 11, AquaDecor
FamilY: Lomariopsidaceae
ORIGIN: West Africa
HEIGHT:
15 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 25+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5-7
CODE:
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
A water fern with very beautiful transparent green leaves. When planting do not cover the rhizome because
it will rot, and it is best to plant Bolbitis heudelotii on a root or stone. Keep the plant in position with fishing
line until it has gained a hold. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. Growth can be increased
considerably by supplying CO2, and is only optimal in soft, slightly acidic water.
Cabomba caroliniana
015
PRICE GROUP: BDT 3
FamilY: Cabombaceae
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
A very popular aquarium plant owing to its beautiful foliage. The least demanding of the Cabomba-species,
but still causes problems in poorly lit aquariums. If there is not sufficient light, try Limnophila sessiliflora, which
requires less light. Most decorative when planted in groups. Eaten locally as a vegetable.
30
HEIGHT:
30 - 80+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 8+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 26C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
4-7
CODE:
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Cardamine lyrata
024
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY:
Brassicaceae
ORIGIN:
Japan
HEIGHT:
20 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 24C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Cardamine lyrata is actually a marsh plant. But it is also a familiar aquarium plant which thrives under water. A
characteristic trailing growth form makes it highly decorative, and water roots often form on the plant itself.
Plant in groups, and make sure the water temperature does not exceed 28 degrees for long (this makes the
leaves much smaller and the plant more leggy). Also suitable in garden ponds in the summer.
Ceratophyllum demersum 'Foxtail'
021A
PRICE GROUP: POR 8
FamilY: Ceratophyllaceae
ORIGIN: Cosmopolitan
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HEIGHT:
5 - 80+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 15+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
10 - 28C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
6-9
CODE:
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Ceratophyllum demersum Foxtail was found in a smaller tributary in Bolivia during an expedition to Rio Guapore, a boundary river between Brazil and Bolivia. Ceratophyllum has no roots as such, but it can still be
planted in the bottom of an aquarium. Foxtail differs because its leaves are closer together and it has lateral
shoots, which gives it an attractive, compact appearance. The plant also distinguishes itself because it is
hardier and its stalks do not break as easily as those of other Ceratophyllum-varieties.
31
005A
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Pteridaceae
ORIGIN: Pan Tropic
HEIGHT:
15 - 30 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5-9
CODE: M
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
This plant normally grows fast, but the addition of CO2 may be necessary to promote growth. In small open
aquariums it can grow out of the aquarium and form beautiful surface leaves. The finely branched leaves are
very decorative and provide good contrast to other leaf shapes. In good light Ceratopteris thalictroides grows
fast and helps prevent algae by consuming large amounts of nutrients. This makes it a good starter plant in
small aquariums.
Cladophora aegagrophila
000C
PRICE GROUP: STK 5
FamilY: Cladophoraceae
HEIGHT:
3 - 10 cm
WIDTH:
3 - 10 cm
TEMPERATURE:
5 - 28C
GH:
9 - 30 dH
pH:
6 - 8.5
CODE: M
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Cladophora aegagrophila is not really a plant, but a ball of algae, so it is a decorative exception from the rule
about avoiding algae at all costs. It is normally found in shallow lakes, where the movement of the waves forms
it into a sphere. In an aquarium it must be turned regularly to keep it in shape. Cladophora aegagrophila can
be divided into smaller pieces, which become spherical with time, or which form a carpet, if attached to roots
and stones. Protected in parts of Japan.
32
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
DID YOU KNOW

It is Tropicas aim to produce plants of the best possible quality but also with the lowest possible use
of resources! In 2007 Tropica built entirely new and state-of-the-art production facilities that made it
possible to optimise the consumption of energy, reduce the use of water, fertilizer and chemicals.
Tropica has the MPS certificate in international standard that proves that we are dedicated to reducing
resource consumption continuously.
As an example all rainwater is being gathered from the roof of the nursery. The surface covers 11,000 m2
and conducts the water into a 1,400 m3 tank that supplies the nursery with water. All rainwater is being
recycled.
Watertank (1,400 m3)
Tropicas roof surface is 11,000 m2
Watering of a production platform with Samolus valerandi
33
Crinum calamistratum
094A
FamilY: Amaryllidaceae
ORIGIN: West Africa
HEIGHT:
40 - 120 cm
WIDTH:
20 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: L
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Crinum calamistratum is a very graceful bulbous plant with dark-green, very narrow leaves. It forms smaller
bulbs than the other Crinum-species, and demands more light. In the aquarium plants that are thriving form a
number of small bulbs. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish. It can also be used in brackish aquariums with low
salt concentrations.
Crinum natans
094
ORIGIN: West Africa
HEIGHT:
50 - 150 cm
WIDTH:
20 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: L
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Crinum natans is a very beautiful and graceful bulbous plant with dark-green leaves. Plant so the top 2/3 of the
bulb is visible. When the plant grows older (if it is thriving) it sometimes forms small bulbs and sends a flower
stem up to the water surface with a beautiful and aromatic lily flower. The plant varies considerably in leaf width
and the shape of the leaf margin. It is also suitable for indoor ponds, and is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
34
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Crinum thaianum
093
ORIGIN: Thailand
HEIGHT:
60 - 200+ cm
WIDTH:
20 - 25 cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 28C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: L
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Crinum thaianum is a distinctive bulbous plant belonging to the lily family. It is undemanding apart from the fact
that it needs plenty of space. Plant so the top 2/3 of the bulb is visible, because otherwise the bulb tends to
rot. When the plant grows older it sometimes sends a flower stem up to the water surface with an aromatic,
elegant lily flower. Herbivorous fish leave it alone due to its tough leaves. In Thailand the bulb is used in a cream
used to soften the skin. It is also suitable for indoor ponds.
Cryptocoryne beckettii ''petchii''
108A
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Sri Lanka
HEIGHT:
10 - 15 cm
WIDTH:
8 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: F
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Cryptocoryne beckettii petchii is a small variety of Cryptocoryne beckettii, which has beautiful, slightly fluted
leaf margins. Like many other Cryptocorynes, the leaf colour and shape depends largely on environmental
conditions in the aquarium. See other Cryptocorynes for further information.
35
Cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae
125
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Thailand
HEIGHT:
20 - 60+ cm
WIDTH:
15 - 20+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
5-9
CODE: F
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae is the oldest known variety of Cryptocoryne crispatula. In the region it
comes from in southern Thailand there are limestone mountains, and the water can be very hard. Like many
other Cryptocorynes it needs to acclimatise before growth starts in earnest. In recent years a narrow-leaf
variety called Cryptocoryne crispatula var. flaccidifolia has often been sold.
Cryptocoryne parva
106
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Sri Lanka
HEIGHT:
5 - 10 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 7 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 29C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: F
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Cryptocoryne parva is the smallest of all Cryptocorynes. It is one of the few species that does not significantly
change its leaf shape and colour depending on cultivation conditions. It needs more light than most other
Cryptocorynes because it almost loses its leaf blade under water. So it must never be overshadowed by other
plants. Individual plants should be planted a few centimetres apart, and after about six months they will form a
cohesive low group of plants. Recommended for foreground planting.
36
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Cryptocoryne undulata ''broad leaves''
110A
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Sri Lanka
HEIGHT:
15 - 25+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: F
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Unlike the common Cryptocoryne undulata, this plant has wider leaves and a beautiful, flecked leaf pattern. It
also grows larger. It is known botanically as a triploid variety. See other Cryptocorynes for further information.
Cryptocoryne wendtii ''brown''
109C
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Sri Lanka
HEIGHT:
15 - 25 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: F
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Cryptocoryne wendtii brown is a beautiful brown variety of Cryptocoryne wendtii. It is a mistake to believe
that Cryptocorynes require soft water. In large parts of Sri Lanka the water is hard, so Sri Lanka Cryptocorynes
are almost all suitable for hard European water. If the plant is affected by the so-called cryptocoryne disease,
do not remove it from the aquarium because a few weeks later it will produce new shoots. See other Cryptocorynes for further information.
37
Cryptocoryne wendtii ''green''
109
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Sri Lanka
HEIGHT:
5 - 10+ cm
WIDTH:
8 - 10 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: F
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Cryptocoryne wendtii green is suitable for small aquariums. When grown in an open space the leaves will
virtually lie on the bottom. Like most other Sri Lanka Cryptocorynes, it also grows well in hard water. Like many
other plants, it can be affected by cryptocoryne disease. One way to prevent this is by only leaving the 4-5
newest leaves on the plant when planting. It is a good foreground plant, even in small aquariums. See other
Cryptocorynes for further information.
Cryptocoryne wendtii 'Mi Oya'
109D
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Sri Lanka
HEIGHT:
25 - 35 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: F
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
This beautiful variety of Cryptocoryne wendtii is only found in the river Mi Oya. It has characteristic red-brown,
slightly hammered leaves. Many Cryptocorynes can grow at high temperatures. In the wild this plant is found
in streams with a temperature of more than 30 degrees C. At even higher temperatures the light intensity must
be higher or the days longer. See other Cryptocorynes for further information.
38
Cryptocoryne wendtii
''green''
109
Cryptocoryne wendtii 'Tropica'
109E
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Sri Lanka
HEIGHT:
6 - 10 cm
WIDTH:
8 - 12 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: F
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
This beautiful variety with the dark, hammered leaves is named after Tropica. When grown in an open space
the leaves will virtually lie on the bottom. It is suitable for small aquariums. Like most other Sri Lanka Cryptocorynes, it also grows well in hard water. See other Cryptocorynes for further information.
Cryptocoryne x willisii
107
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Araceae
ORIGIN: Sri Lanka
HEIGHT:
7 - 20+ cm
WIDTH:
7 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: F
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
There is some confusion about the name of this plant. It used (mistakenly) to be called Cryptocoryne nevillii,
but this is the name of a species that has never been used in aquariums. Like many other Cryptocorynes, not
much happens the first month after planting. But then it starts to grow, and willingly produces plenty of runners
which form a compact group. See other Cryptocorynes for further information.
39
Cyperus helferi
133A
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Cyperaceae
ORIGIN: Thailand
HEIGHT:
20 - 35 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 25 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5 - 7.5
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Cyperus-species are widespread all over the tropics, but only a few of them are good underwater plants.
Cyperus helferi is the first Cyperus-species used in aquariums. It requires a relatively large amount of light,
and CO2 addition is recommended to promote growth. In aquariums with good water flow the plant sways
beautifully in the current.
Didiplis diandra
031
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Lythraceae
HEIGHT:
10 - 15+ cm
WIDTH:
2 - 4+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 26C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Didiplis diandra is a fine foreground plant which should be planted in small groups. In good light it develops red
shoot tips which form a beautiful contrast with other green plants. A demanding plant which needs a lot of light
and prefers soft water. CO2 addition boosts growth considerably. Also known as Peplis diandra.
40
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Echinodorus 'Aquartica'
074F
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Alismataceae
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
10 - 20+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
6.5 - 8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Characteristic of Echinodorus Aquartica are its round, bright green leaves. Its compact, low habit makes
it suitable as a decorative solitary plant. Slow growing and easy to care for, Echinodorus Aquartica retains
the refreshing green colour of its leaves in normal lighting and nutrient conditions in the aquarium. The plant
is a cross between several different cultivated plants, including Echinodorus horemanii and several roundleafed Echinodorus species. Echinodorus Aquartica was developed by Kristian Iversen from the Aquartica
company.
Echinodorus x barthii
072A
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
25 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
20 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
16 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Echinodorus x barthii is a decorative and beautiful solitary plant for large aquariums. The leaves change colour
from dark-red in the youngest leaves to dark-green in the oldest. The colour develops well when the light
intensity is high and there are sufficient micro-nutrients in the aquarium. A nutritious bottom and CO2 addition
promote growth. This plant takes a lot of light from plants underneath, so it must be pruned occasionally. It
used to be sold as Double Red.
41
Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae)
071
HEIGHT:
20 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
25 - 40 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Echinodorus bleheri is undemanding and beautiful. A nutritious bottom promotes growth, but the plant needs
pruning to prevent it depriving plants underneath of light. Echinodorus bleheri does well even in poorly illuminated aquariums, as it grows towards the light. It is a hardy and easy solitary plant for both beginners and the
more experienced with quite large aquariums. It has been sold under the name Paniculatus.
Echinodorus cordifolius ssp. fluitans
073D
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
ORIGIN: Mexico
HEIGHT:
20 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
A comparatively fast-growing Echinodorus, suitable for large aquariums. Unlike other round-leafed varieties
of the species, Echinodorus cordifolius ssp. fluitans is less likely to grow up over the water surface. If it grows
large enough, it forms large leaves just under the surface instead.
42
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Did you know

Tropica was the first aquarium plant producer in the world to use stone wool as a growing media.
The use of stone wool made it possible to grow plants in pots. In the early 1970s all aquarium
plants were sold as either bunched plants or as loose plants. By using the stone wool a new era
opened for the production of aquarium plants. All over the world other producers of aquarium
plants quickly adapted this way of producing plants as it is most suitable for export. Furthermore,
it is the best way of protecting the plants roots from producer to end user.
Use of stone wool for the potting of the plants
Potting of Pogostemon helferi
Bacopa caroliniana with well developed roots
43
Echinodorus macrophyllus
073
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
HEIGHT:
30 - 50+ cm
WIDTH:
20 - 30+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Echinodorus macrophyllus is one of the large, orbiculate sword plants which grow up out of even large
aquariums in good growing conditions. If light is available less than 11 hours a day it is easier to keep down
inside the aquarium. It is suitable for open aquariums, where it forms decorative heart-shaped leaves above
the water surface. It is a good idea to spray the plant to prevent it drying out. It used to be sold as Echinodorus
radicans.
Echinodorus osiris
072
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
ORIGIN:
Brazil
HEIGHT:
25 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
20 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
In the 1970s coloured aquarium plants were rare, which is why Echinodorus osiris with its red colour quickly
became popular. A nutritious bottom promotes growth, and when there is a shortage of micro-nutrients new
leaves turn pale, thus indicating that fertiliser may be necessary. It is generally an undemanding plant which is
suitable for both soft and hard water. The red colour of the leaves grows stronger at higher light intensities. It
used to be sold as Echinodorus rubra. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
44
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Echinodorus 'Ozelot'
073F
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
20 - 40+ cm
WIDTH:
25 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Echinodorus Ozelot is a decorative hybrid between Echinodorus schluteri Leopard and Echinodorus x barthii. Naturally, it is the elliptical black spots on the red-brown leaves that have given this plant the name Ozelot.
The spots are darkest on the youngest leaves, and unlike many other spotted Echinodorus, Ozelot retains its
spots even at low light intensity. It is an undemanding, good plant for beginners.
Echinodorus 'Ozelot Green'
073G
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
20 - 40+ cm
WIDTH:
25 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
A beautiful, dark-green variety of Echinodorus Ozelot. The dark spots form a bigger contrast on the light
leaves. The leaf margin is fluted. A nutritious bottom promotes growth. It is an easy and highly recommended
plant, which thrives in almost all conditions.
45
Echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius
076
ORIGIN:
Brazil
HEIGHT:
20 - 40+ cm
WIDTH:
20 - 40+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
In marshy conditions Echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius has round leaves with a horizontal leaf base. Under
water the leaves are narrower and longer. In the aquarium it tends to grow out of the water. This can be prevented by removing the long leaves just before they reach the water surface. The next leaves will then become
shorter and the plant will remain under water. In open aquariums the plant can be allowed to grow out of the
water, but the leaf margins often dry out if air humidity is low.
Echinodorus quadricostatus
068
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
HEIGHT:
10 - 15 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 20+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
This plant has characteristic light-green leaves which form a good contrast to the darker aquarium plants. It is
most beautiful when planted in groups. In good conditions it produces runners which spread over the bottom.
Very light leaves are a sign of a shortage of micro-nutrients. There is some confusion about the name of this
plant, and it has been sold as Echinodorus bolivianus var. magdalenensis.
46
Echinodorus palaefolius
var. latifolius
076
Echinodorus 'Red Diamond'
074D
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
15 - 25 cm
WIDTH:
20 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Echinodorus Red Diamond appeared as a culture in the Ukraine, and is probably a cross between Echinodorus horemanni Red and Echinodorus x barthii. The resultant hybrid is an attractive plant with ruby-red
sword-shaped leaves. Unlike many of the other Echinodorus-species, Echinodorus Red Diamond remains
moderate in size, so it is extremely well suited as a solitary plant, even in small aquariums. Increasing the nutrients in the substrate results in more abundant growth, while favourable light conditions promote the formation
of the ruby-red leaves.
Echinodorus 'Red Special'
073J
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
10 - 30 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
A hybrid of several different cultivated plants, characterised by copper-coloured, spatula-shaped leaves. In

some cases these have darker red patches. The plant grows abundantly in a compact shape, and is very
decorative as a solitary plant.
47
Echinodorus 'Ros'
072B
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
25 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 25 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
This beautiful plant is a hybrid between Echinodorus horemanii Rot and Echinodorus horizontalis. It was first
produced in 1986 by Hans Barth in Dessau. New underwater leaves are a beautiful pink, and initially the leaves
have red-brown spots. A nutritious bottom promotes growth, but otherwise Echinodorus Ros is undemanding and thus an excellent plant for beginners.
Echinodorus 'Rubin'
074B
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
30 - 50+ cm
WIDTH:
20 - 40 cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Echinodorus Rubin is a decorative hybrid between Echinodorus horemanii rot and Echinodorus x barthii.
The transparent, ruby-red leaves with light leaf ribs provide a particularly intensive sheen. An undemanding
plant whose growth is stimulated by CO2 addition and a nutritious bottom. A good solitary plant for large
aquariums.
48
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Echinodorus tenellus
067
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
HEIGHT:
5 - 10 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 8+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
19 - 30C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Small foreground plants for aquariums are in short supply, but Echinodorus tenellus is one of the best. The
runners spread round the aquarium. A true lawn effect is only achieved at high light intensities, so you must
make sure larger plants do not overshadow the plant. Plant individual plants a couple of centimetres apart
(easiest with tweezers). A nutritious bottom promotes growth.
Echinodorus uruguayensis
070A
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
HEIGHT:
20 - 55+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 30 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 26C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Echinodorus uruguayensis has long, narrow, transparent, dark-green leaves, making it a very beautiful solitary
plant for large aquariums. The leaf length and width vary considerably. In good growing conditions it forms
an unusual number of leaves, and a nutritious bottom and CO2 addition and slightly acidic water promote
growth. A number of species formerly regarded as distinct are now included under the name Echinodorus
uruguayensis.
49
Echinodorus 'Vesuvius'
067C
PRICE GROUP: POT 9
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
10 - 20 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Echinodorus Vesuvius is a cultured species based on Echinodorus angustifolia from Oriental Aquarium Plants.
The narrow and twisted green leaves makes it an unusual addition to the Echinodorus. It grows vigorously with
many medium length and narrow leaves, and is highly decorative as a solitary plant. Vesuvius spreads readily
with runners. An easy and undemanding plant that requires medium to high light conditions.
Egeria densa
058
PRICE GROUP: BDT 3
FamilY: Hydrocharitaceae
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Egeria densa is a good plant for beginners, and its rapid growth helps create a balance in the aquarium from
the start. It can also help prevent algae because it absorbs a great number of nutrients from the water. The
plant secretes antibiotic substances which can help prevent blue-green algae (a type of bacteria). The growth
rate depends largely on the amount of light and nutrition available. Growth does not stop in unfavourable
conditions, but the plant turns light in colour and the tendrils grow thin.
50
HEIGHT:
40 - 100 cm
WIDTH:
3 - 5 cm
TEMPERATURE:
10 - 26C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE:
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Did you know

Tropicas employees are highly dedicated. Based on their long-term and vast experiences with
aquarium plants you are guaranteed a top quality product. Despite the use of modern electronic
equipment in the production of 130 species, it still takes a great deal of experience to identify and
evaluate the necessary processes to optimize plant growth and health. It is Tropicas philosophy
that decisions concerning both the company and the products are being taken in accordance with
our employees considerations. Job satisfaction and participation on decision-making processes
ensures Tropica employees morale and motivation levels are outstanding.
Packing of Limnobium laevigatum in the submerged department
51
Eleocharis parvula
132C
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Cyperaceae
HEIGHT:
3 - 10 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
10 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: H
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Eleocharis parvula has short leaves and fast growth making it one of the most impressive carpet-forming foreground plants. It spreads rapidly by runners. It is a relatively easy and undemanding plant that does best with
good light and a nutritious substrate. Can be planted in small portions in the substrate and can form a dense
carpet in a matter of weeks given the right lighting and conditions. When the leaves get too long they can be
pruned with scissors to about 2cm height, encouraging new growth.
045A
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
ORIGIN: New Zealand
HEIGHT:
2 - 3+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 26C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5 - 7.5
CODE: G
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Glossostigma elatinoides is much in demand in Japanese-inspired aquariums. It is one of the smallest aquarium plants, and thus a good foreground plant. A difficult plant demanding a lot of light. Grows upwards if light
is poor. Make sure larger plants do not overshadow it. When planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx.
1/8 pot) should be placed at intervals of a few centimetres to help the plants grow together more quickly. CO2
addition and soft water promote growth significantly.
52
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Hemianthus callitrichoides ''Cuba''
048B
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
ORIGIN: Cuba
HEIGHT:
0.5 - 3 cm
WIDTH:
3 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5 - 7.5
CODE: G
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Hemianthus callitrichoides is one of the smallest aquarium plants in the world, and creeps over the bottom
with millimetre-sized round leaves. If planted in small clumps a few centimetres apart, it will spread rapidly and
cover the bottom like a carpet. Hemianthus callitrichoides is an attractive foreground plant for small aquariums.
Found on Cuba west of Havana.
Hemianthus micranthemoides
048A
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
HEIGHT:
5 - 15+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5 - 7.5
CODE: G
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Hemianthus micranthemoides is a graceful plant whose small, arched leaves make it look like a miniature version of Egeria. It has a characteristic trailing growth in intensive light, so it can be used as a foreground plant. A
compact group of Hemianthus micranthemoides is very beautiful with its small, light-green leaves. In terrariums
the plant forms a compact cushion. Used to be called Micranthemum micranthemoides.
53
Heteranthera zosterifolia
096
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Pontederiaceae
HEIGHT:
30 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Heteranthera zosterifolia is an extremely beautiful plant which forms a lot of side shoots and thus quickly forms
a bushy plant group. In strong light growth is intensive, and the plant must be pruned before it becomes so
compact that no light reaches the lower leaves. Water roots often form on the stem. In open aquariums it forms
small blue flowers if some shoots are allowed to spread on the surface.
Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (maritima)
039A
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Apiaceae
ORIGIN: South-east Asia
HEIGHT:
3 - 8 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides is a beautiful plant which can be difficult to grow. Intensive light is vital. In the wild it
is found in very arid conditions which are rarely flooded. Used to be sold as Hydrocotyle maritima.
54
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Hydrocotyle verticillata
039
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Apiaceae
ORIGIN: America
HEIGHT:
3 - 7 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
10 - 26C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Unlike other Hydrocotyle species, this plant retains its trailing growth form. Optimum growth is only achieved
in strong light and soft, slightly acidic water. It does not need to be rooted, but can be used as a floating plant.
Hydrocotyle verticillata is definitely a foreground plant which can also be used in garden ponds. It can also be
used as an indoor plant if the soil is kept moist.
Hygrophila corymbosa
053
PRICE GROUP: BDT 3
FamilY: Acanthaceae
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HEIGHT:
30 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE:
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Hygrophila corymbosa is an undemanding starter plant that originates from Asia. In the aquarium it will spread
fast and create bright green, long and wide leaves. It is a fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently.
New shoots will spread from the stem and make the plant look bushier. The cuttings can be re-planted in the
bottom of the aquarium where new roots form quickly.
55
Hygrophila corymbosa 'Angustifolia'
052A
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Acanthaceae
HEIGHT:
25 - 60 cm
WIDTH:
20 - 35 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Under water Hygrophila corymbosa Angustifolia has relatively narrow leaves which are grouped close together. Plants sold in the shops are normally cultivated above water, and have rounder leaves with larger gaps
between them.
Hygrophila corymbosa ''Compact''
052D
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
FamilY: Acanthaceae
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
5 - 15 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10 cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
A very compact variety of Hygrophila corymbosa, with the leaves set close to the stalk. Forms numerous side
shoots, enhancing the compact appearance. The leaves are a dark brownish green when the plant is delivered,
but after a transitional period in the aquarium they turn light green and silver-white on the underside. In strong
light the newest leaves are reddish brown in colour and in time the oldest ones die away - especially in dimmer
light. New side shoots form often, to replace the old.
56
'Angustifolia'
052A
Did you know

Tropicas tissue laboratory was started in 1994 and today more than one million plants are produced
there annually for our own production, spread over more than 50 cultures (e.g. Hygrophila, Bacopa,
and Pogostemon). Plants from the tissue laboratory get the perfect start to their lives with optimum
growth conditions from both light and nutrition as they are being produced in glass containers isolated from their surroundings. Uniformity, heightened survival capacity, greater compactness, many
plants in each pot, enhanced adaptability these are just a few of the ideal properties that associated
to plants that begin their lives at Tropicas tissue laboratory.
Cutting of Marsilea hirsuta mother material
Tissue laboratory
More than one million plants sees the light in Tropicas laboratory
57
Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis'
053A
FamilY: Acanthaceae
ORIGIN: Thailand
HEIGHT:
15 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Under water the leaves are light-green and dense. In open aquariums Hygrophila corymbosa Siamensis
grows easily above the water surface, where it forms blue-green leaves and small blue flowers. It grows fast
and the shoots must be pinched out regularly if you want to keep the plant under water. An extremely hardy
plant, suitable for beginners.
Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis 53B'
053B
PRICE GROUP: POT 4
FamilY: Acanthaceae
HEIGHT:
15 - 30+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Hygrophila corymbosa Siamensis 53B is a variety of Hygrophila corymbosa Siamensis. This Hygrophila
Siamensis 53B forms an incredible amount of side shoots and becomes bushy relatively rapidly. Its beautiful
bright green leaves are narrower than the regular Siamensis and it can achieve red-brown leaves in good light
conditions. An undemanding, fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently to maintain a bushy growth.
58
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Hygrophila difformis
051
PRICE GROUP: BDT 3
FamilY: Acanthaceae
HEIGHT:
20 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 25 cm
TEMPERATURE:
22 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE:
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Hygrophila difformis is beautiful and undemanding. A plant for beginners which can help create a balance in
the aquarium from the start. Its rapid growth helps prevent algae because the plant absorbs a great number of
nutrients from the water. The shortage of micro-nutrients leads to pale leaves, which may be an indication that
the aquarium needs fertiliser. In large aquariums its lobed leaves can create a distinctive group.
Hygrophila pinnatifida
051A
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
FamilY: Acanthaceae
ORIGIN: India
HEIGHT:
15 - 40+ cm
WIDTH:
15 - 30+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Hygrophila pinnatifida originates from India. It obtains brown, patched leaves on the surface with a distinctive
burgundy colour underneath. It creates horizontal side shoots and the top shoots should be pinched out in
order to maintain compact and attractive growth. The horizontal side shoots easily attach to both wood and
rocks. Growth is moderate and the colour is attractive when planted in small groups with a plain background.
Intense lighting ensures compact growth due to the plants slow to medium growth rate.
59
050
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Acanthaceae
HEIGHT:
25 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Hygrophila polysperma is one of the hardiest aquarium plants available. It is particularly good for beginners
because it grows in almost all conditions. It normally grows so fast that it is important to prevent it crowding
out other plants. The shoots must be pinched out regularly. Leaves lying on the surface form small new plants.
Hygrophila polysperma varies considerably in leaf shape and colour, depending to some extent on the light
supplied.
Hygrophila polysperma 'Rosanervig'
050B
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Acanthaceae
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
20 - 30+ cm
WIDTH:
6 - 10 cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Hygrophila polysperma Rosanervig is normally an undemanding plant. But if you want deep-pink leaves you
must provide intensive light. The distinctive colouring of the light leaf ribs is probably caused by a virus which
prevents chlorophyll from being produced in the cells around the leaf ribs, making them white. However, this
virus does not affect other plants in the aquarium.
60
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Juncus repens
133F
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
FamilY:
Juncaceae
ORIGIN: USA
HEIGHT:
7 - 30 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 7+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Juncus repens is widespread in shallow water and along the banks of ponds and lakes in North America. In an
aquarium Juncus repens is decorative and distinguishes itself from other aquatic plants. If it grows under water,
Juncus repens forms leaves in rings, and, depending on its growth conditions, it often develops a thick, bushy
habit. The leaves are normally light green, but in good light the underwater form of Juncus repens most frequently becomes reddish. New shoots form willingly from the nodes, so Juncus repens is easy to propagate.
Lilaeopsis brasiliensis
040
PRICE GROUP: POT 6
FamilY: Apiaceae
HEIGHT:
4 - 7 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 26C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Lilaeopsis brasiliensis can grow very compact, but a lawn effect is only achieved at high light intensity. When
planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed a few centimetres apart to help the
plants grow together more quickly. Place in an open position without shading from other plants to ensure
good light. Lilaeopsis brasiliensis can be used in garden ponds, and also tolerates low salt concentrations in
brackish aquariums.
61
Lilaeopsis mauritiana
040B
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Apiaceae
ORIGIN: Mauritius
HEIGHT:
5 - 10 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 28C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
This Lilaeopsis species demands less light than Lilaeopsis brasiliensis. Tropicas founder, Holger Windelv,
found it on Mauritius in 1992. The plants height and distance between its leaves depend on the light intensity.
The more light it gets, the lower the plant and the denser the leaves. The runners spread round the aquarium.
Should be planted like Lilaeopsis brasiliensis.
063
PRICE GROUP: POR 6
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Limnobium laevigatum is a decorative plant that is particularly suitable for open aquariums. It is also good in
traditional aquariums, because the fine, long and decorative roots provide protection to gouramies and other
surface fish that like the roots of floating plants. If there are enough nutrients in the water and the light intensity
is good, new leaves will appear above the water surface.
62
HEIGHT:
1 - 5 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE:
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Limnophila aquatica
046
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
HEIGHT:
25 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
15 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
An extremely beautiful aquarium plant circled by light-green and finely branched leaves. In the right growing
conditions with added CO2 and a nutritious bottom this plant grows fast. In good light it forms horizontal side
shoots and becomes attractive and bushy. Most decorative when several stems are planted in a small group.
In open aquariums it sometimes sends shoots above the water surface, forming small blue flowers.
047
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
HEIGHT:
15 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
22 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Limnophila sessiliflora is a good and undemanding plant which is a good alternative to Cabomba, which
demands a lot of light. The plant often grows leggy in poor light, but this can be counteracted to some extent
by stimulating growth by CO2 addition. Most beautiful when planted in groups. In good growing conditions it
sends out runners and spreads across the bottom. Limnophila sessiliflora used to be called Ambulia.
63
Lindernia rotundifolia
045
PRICE GROUP: POT 6
ORIGIN: Asia
HEIGHT:
15 - 30+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 26C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Lindernia rotundifolia grows on sandy banks along streams in Asia. The plant is undemanding and the stems
with marbled leaves quickly form compact groups. Lindernia rotundifolia is suitable both for background and
as a solitary mid-ground plant with leaves growing tightly from top to bottom. A good starter plant that thrives
under most conditions.
Lobelia cardinalis
053C
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Lobeliaceae
HEIGHT:
20 - 30+ cm
WIDTH:
7 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 26C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
In the nursery this plant is cultivated in marshy conditions, forming dark-green leaves which are purple underneath. In aquariums the leaves turn a beautiful shade of light-green. It needs intensive light to thrive. Widely
used in Dutch aquariums in so-called plant streets. In open aquariums it grows above the water surface,
where it forms very beautiful scarlet flowers and the leaves regain their colour. Can be used in garden ponds.
64
045
Ludwigia arcuata
035
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Onagraceae
ORIGIN: USA
HEIGHT:
25 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
3 - 5 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
This is a narrow-leafed Ludwigia species, so it is often mistaken for Didiplis diandra. It requires a relatively large
amount of light before forming a red stem and red leaves, and thrives best in slightly acidic, soft/medium hard
water. The most decorative effect can be achieved by planting it in groups. It is suitable for small aquariums,
and can also be used as a terrarium plant.
Ludwigia glandulosa
035A
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Onagraceae
HEIGHT:
15 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 12 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Ludwigia glandulosa is a very beautiful water plant. It is slowgrowing and requires CO2 addition to grow well.
The leaves turn greener if sufficient light is provided. Used to be sold as Ludwigia perennis.
65
Ludwigia repens 'Rubin'
033D
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Onagraceae
HEIGHT:
20 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Variety of Ludwigia repens with striking dark red leaves and stalk. It makes a fine colour contrast to the green
shades in the aquarium. Plant in large groups to enhance the decorative effect, and prune regularly to encourage bushy growth. The plant makes few demands, but if light is insufficient the lower leaves tend to fall off. In
strong light the colour becomes more intense.
Marsilea hirsuta
010
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Marsileceae
ORIGIN: Australia
HEIGHT:
2 - 10+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5 - 7.5
CODE: H
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Marsilea hirsuta is a fascinating plant, usually delivered with leaves like a four-leaf clover. After a transitional
period it develops different types of leaves, possibly a low form with single leaves like a large Glossostigma,
or alternatively develop two, three or four-lobed leaves varying in height, depending on the growth conditions.
Whichever form the plant adopts, it forms runners and spreads rapidly round the aquarium.
66
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Micranthemum umbrosum
048
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
ORIGIN: USA
HEIGHT:
10 - 15+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 26C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: G
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Micranthemum umbrosum is a beautiful plant with small round leaves. It is suitable for small or large aquariums.
Relatively demanding in terms of light. CO2 addition is recommended to promote growth. Once the plant starts
growing it grows fast, and the shoots have to be pinched out often (can be planted as cuttings in the bottom).
Most beautiful in groups of many stems.
Microsorum pteropus
008
FamilY: Polypodiaceae
ORIGIN: Asia
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HEIGHT:
15 - 30 cm
WIDTH:
12 - 20+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE:
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Microsorum pteropus is a water fern which should be grown on a root or stone, attached with fishing line until
it has gained a hold. If it is planted in the bottom, do not cover the rhizome because it will rot. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. A hardy plant which grows in all conditions. The black spots under the
leaves are sporangia (reproductive organs), not signs of disease as many believe.
67
Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow'
008A
ORIGIN: Asia
HEIGHT:
10 - 20 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE:
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Microsorum pteropus is a highly variable species, and new varieties are easily bred. Microsorum pteropus
Narrow has narrower leaves, which grow at a less acute angle from the stem than the normal Microsorum
pteropus. The plant attaches readily to roots and stones. A decorative plant, which is also suitable for smaller
aquariums. See also Microsorum pteropus.
Microsorum pteropus 'Windelv'
008B
ORIGIN: Cultivar
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Microsorum pteropus Windelv is a patented variety of Microsorum pteropus, named after Tropicas founder
Holger Windelv. Its finely branched leaf tips make it one of the most beautiful aquarium plants. A hardy and
easy plant for both beginners and the more experienced. Best results are obtained by planting it on a stone
or tree root. If planted in the bottom the horizontal rhizome must not be covered. This plant is not eaten by
herbivorous fish.
68
HEIGHT:
10 - 20 cm
WIDTH:
12 - 18+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE:
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Did you know

Microsorum pteropus Windelv was the very first plant to be patented. During an inspection in 1992
of 10,000 Microsorum pteropus plants, Holger Windelv (founder of Tropica) discovered two plants
that were unique from the rest! The tip of a leaf divided, and this division had two tips dividing again.
Through a long propagation and selective process they succeeded in re-creating this species.
On the occasion of Tropicas 25th anniversary this new plant was named Microsorum pteropus
Windelv after the founder of Tropica. Both its name and patent has been of great value to
Tropica, and to the quiet enjoyment of Holger!
Holger Windelv in the year of 2010 with Microsorum pteropus Windelv
69
Monosolenium tenerum
002C
PRICE GROUP: POR 7, AquaDecor
FamilY: Monoseleniaceae
ORIGIN: Asia
HEIGHT:
2 - 5+ cm
WIDTH:
3 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
5 - 28C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: K
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Monosolenium tenerum is an attractive liverwort, which looks most like a giant Riccia that simply stays at the
bottom, where it forms cushions. It is a brittle plant, and pieces break off easily, so it is best to place it in the
aquarium attached to stones with fishing line or in small clumps among other plants such as Eleocharis. Once
Monosolenium has established itself, it is very undemanding. This plant is mistakenly known as Pellia.
Myriophyllum mattogrossense
037
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Haloragaceae
HEIGHT:
30 - 60 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Myriophyllum matogrossense originates from Matto Grosso in the Rio Amazonas, Brazil. It has decorative and
feather-like, reddish stems and finely divided bright green leaves. In good light conditions the leaves spread
out in a fan shape. Myriophyllum is relatively easy and is suitable for the background. It needs to be pruned
frequently to maintain its bushy form. It is fast growing and requires a good deal of nutrition. A good starter
plant.
70
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Myriophyllum mezianum
037B
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
ORIGIN: Madagascar
HEIGHT:
5 - 30+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Myriophyllum mezianum has finely dissected light green leaves with reddish apical shoots and it grows significantly slower than the already known species of Myriophyllum. It was found on Madagascar where it formed
dense stands in shallow water. During planting, the individual shoots should be placed few centimetres apart in
small groups in the middle ground of the aquarium. Myriophyllum mezianum requires both high light and CO2
injection to obtain the best possible result and, in addition, the plant is also nutrient requiring.
Nesaea crassicaulis
033B
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Lythraceae
ORIGIN: Africa
HEIGHT:
30 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
8 - 15+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
22 - 28C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8.5
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Nesaea crassicaulis is a beautiful and highly recommended aquarium plant, although it has high demands for
light. It has red-brown, cognac-coloured leaves. Grows best in soft and slightly acidic water. Make sure the
lower leaves get sufficient light, otherwise they will die off. This plant is similar to Ammannia species and is often
mistaken for them. But in the aquarium it can be recognised by its yellow-green stems. Easy to propagate by
side shoots or cuttings, which can be cut off and planted in the bottom.
71
Nesaea pedicellata
033C
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Lythraceae
ORIGIN: Africa
HEIGHT:
20 - 40+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
22 - 30C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Nesaea pedicellata is an attractive, decorative and easy stem plant. Leaf colours range from green to yellow
and orange and reddish shades depending on growth conditions in the aquarium. The stems keep their intense
red colouring, something that can also be seen when the plant is grown in a swamp. Compared with Nesaea
crassicaulis, Nesaea pedicellata has narrower leaves and its colours are warmer. We recommend planting
Nesaea in the mid-ground of the aquarium as a contrast to the tall green background plants.
Nymphaea lotus (zenkeri)
019
FamilY: Nymphaeaceae
ORIGIN: West Africa
HEIGHT:
20 - 80 cm
WIDTH:
25 - 60 cm
TEMPERATURE:
22 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: C
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
A beautiful and very varied species with leaves of green to red-brown and varying numbers of purple spots.
Before forming floating leaves Nymphaea lotus (zenkeri) forms many underwater leaves. If you dont want
floating leaves, prune the roots and leaves. The beautiful, aromatic flowers can be fully appreciated in open
aquariums. A nutritious bottom encourages growth. Often available in a red and a green variety. Recommended as a solitary plant for large aquariums.
72
Nesaea pedicellata
033C
Pogostemon erectus
053F
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
FamilY: Lamiaceae
ORIGIN: India
HEIGHT:
15 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
The Indian Pogostemon erectus forms compact groups of bright green, conifer-like stems. Pogostemon erectus is suitable as a background plant and creates a wonderful focal point in both smaller and larger groups.
Intense light helps the plant to stay compact for a longer period. Moderate growth and vigorous roots.
Pogostemon helferi
053H
FamilY: Lamiaceae
ORIGIN: Thailand
HEIGHT:
2 - 10 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
6 - 7.5
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
This plant was discovered by aquarists in Thailand, close to the border with Burma. It is called Daonoi (little
star) in Thailand, and it is easy to see why. Pogostemon helferi is an unusual and distinctive aquatic plant with
a compact habit, curly leaves and a strikingly beautiful green colour. With good light conditions and a substrate
rich in nutrients Pogostemon helferi forms many side shoots, which develop small roots, and the plant rapidly
forms an impressive carpet of foreground vegetation.
Pogostemon erectus
053F
73
Pogostemon stellata (Eusteralis)
053G
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Lamiaceae
ORIGIN: Asia
HEIGHT:
15 - 25+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
22 - 28C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Pogostemon stellata is distinguished by its beautiful shape and colour. It is difficult to grow in aquariums. It requires intensive light and the addition of CO2 to grow well. The shortage of micro-nutrients leads to pale leaves,
which may be an indication that the aquarium needs fertiliser. Even in good conditions growth sometimes stops
suddenly. Plants in aquarium shops are generally low, compact plants grown in marshy conditions, and do not
reveal their full glory until planted in the aquarium.
Polygonum sp.
023F
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Polygonaceae
HEIGHT:
30 - 60 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Polygonum oringates from South America and is highly attractive with its arrow-shaped, red leaves. It demands
both high lighting and CO2 levels. After it has adapted to submerged existence its leaves turn a reddish colour.
The most decorative effect is achieved by planting it into smaller groups. Polygonum sp. requires a good deal
of nutrition, and should be pruned frequently to maintain healthy growth.
74
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Proserpinaca palustris ''Cuba''
037C
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
ORIGIN: Cuba
HEIGHT:
10 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
10 - 28C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5 - 7.5
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Cultivated above water and delivered with saw-toothed leaves, which after a transitional period in the aquarium
develop into long, finely denticulated, needle-like leaves. In good light conditions it turns a beautiful copper
colour and its characteristic appearance is a pleasing contrast to the other plants. Proserpinaca palustris varies
in form according to its origin. The Tropica cultivar is found on the Isla de la Juventud off Cuba. In the USA the
plant is commonly known as mermaid weed.
Riccia fluitans
001
FamilY: Ricciaceae
HEIGHT:
1 - 4+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
10 - 28C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: K
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Japanese Takashi Amano has inspired many aquarium owners to keep Riccia fluitans submerged. It can be
kept down by tying it to a stone with a piece of fishing line, but new shoots always grow towards the surface,
so it may be necessary to prune it with scissors. Under water Riccia fluitans thrives best with added CO2 and
in good growing conditions small oxygen bubbles form on the leaf tips. As a traditional floating plant offers
good protection for young fish.
75
Rotala rotundifolia
033
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Lythraceae
HEIGHT:
15 - 30 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
The Latin name means the plant with the round leaves. But this only applies to the marsh variety, which has
circular leaves. In aquariums Rotala rotundifolia has long, thin leaves. Unlike other Rotala species it is relatively
undemanding, although it needs good light to produce red leaves. It forms side shoots willingly, becoming
compact and bushy. This also means that it is hard for light to reach the lower leaves, so the plant should be
pruned frequently. Also known as Rotala indica.
Rotala sp. ''green''
033A
PRICE GROUP: POT 5
FamilY: Lythraceae
ORIGIN: Asia
HEIGHT:
40 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
1 - 20 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Rotala sp. green is very similar to Rotala rotundifolia, but its leaves remain fresh and bright green, even with
intensive light. The plant forms many side shoots willingly and obtains a beautiful, bushy and hanging growth.
It should be pruned frequently to maintain healthy growth. An ideal starter plant that looks best when planted
in large groups.
76
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Rotala wallichii
032A
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Lythraceae
HEIGHT:
10 - 30 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 28C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5-7
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Rotala wallichii is a demanding plant that develops red shoot tips in good light conditions. The most decorative
effect can be achieved by planting a large number of stems in a group. Rotala wallichii is a good foreground
plant, and suitable for small aquariums because it is easy to prune if it grows too large. CO2 addition boosts
growth considerably. It also prefers soft, slightly acidic water.
Sagittaria platyphylla
081
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
HEIGHT:
15 - 40 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 25 cm
TEMPERATURE:
19 - 26C
GH:
1 - 13 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Sagittaria platyphylla is an ideal foreground plant for large aquariums or in the middle of smaller aquariums. It
forms a slightly dispersed group with its runners. A nutritious bottom promotes growth. If there is a shortage
of micro-nutrients the plant turns pale, indicating that the aquarium may need fertiliser. This is a robust starter
plant which is also suitable for the hard water that is found in many European aquariums.
77
Sagittaria subulata
079
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
HEIGHT:
5 - 30+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
16 - 28C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: E
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Sagittaria subulata is an ideal, undemanding foreground plant whose short runners form a compact group.
Place individual plants 2-4 cm apart. This plant may cause problems because in certain conditions it suddenly
grows to a height of 50 cm when it grows older. But if it is then moved into the background it may become low
again. In the aquarium it sometimes sends a long flower stem to the surface, and small white flowers unfold
just above the water surface.
Salvinia natans
011
PRICE GROUP: POR 6
FamilY: Salviniaceae
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Salvinia natans is a floating fern that grows quickly if there is sufficient nutrition and light. Light leaves are a
sign of a shortage of micro-nutrients. It tends to take light from the plants at the bottom. Salvinia varieties have
small hairs on their leaves, making them water resistant. Helps prevent algae by shading parts of the aquarium
and using nutrients in the water. Grows very big in the wild and in optimum conditions. A decorative plant for
open aquariums.
78
HEIGHT:
1 - 3 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
12 - 30C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE:
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Samolus valerandi
026
PRICE GROUP: POT 4
FamilY: Primulaceae
ORIGIN: America
HEIGHT:
6 - 12 cm
WIDTH:
6 - 12 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 26C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: F
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
In favourable light and nutrition conditions Samolus valerandi is a very beautiful foreground plant in the aquarium. It normally grows in marshes, and often takes time to adapt to life under water and start growing. If light
conditions are good and the bottom is nutritious, the plant will do well. Samolus valerandi is also suitable as a
pond or terrarium plant, as well as an indoor plant if placed in a north-facing window.
Shinnersia rivularis 'Weiss-Grn'
053E
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
FamilY: Asteraceae
ORIGIN: Cultivar
HEIGHT:
10 - 50 cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20 cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Variety of Shinnersia rivularis, distinguished by the white veins on the leaves. This colour mutation was discovered at the Dennerle aquarium plant nursery. The plant grows rapidly and soon reaches the water surface, but
shoots can simply be pinched off and planted back on the bottom.
79
Staurogyne repens
049G
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
FamilY: Acanthaceae
ORIGIN:
Brazil
HEIGHT:
3 - 10+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: A
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Staurogyne repens is a freshly green, compact and hardy plant for the foreground of the aquarium and it was
found in River Rio Cristalino in the southern Amazonas. Its nearest relative in the aquaristic is Hygrophila but
Staurogyne is different with its marked compact, low and bushy stature and small green leaves. During planting
in the aquarium, the longest upright shoots should be cut off and new horizontally creeping shoots will soon
form from the plant basis and gradually colonize the gravel.
Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia)
003
FamilY: Hypnaceae
HEIGHT:
3 - 10+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 28C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5-8
CODE: K
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Taxiphyllum barbieri is a hardy plant which makes few demands on the water or light. The moss grows willingly
on any surface, so it is ideal for decorating stones and tree roots or concealing installations in the aquarium.
Attach the plant with a piece of fishing line until it has gained a hold on the bottom. If its growth becomes
too luxuriant, it can be pruned with scissors. In breeding aquariums Taxiphyllum barbieri is a wonderful hiding
place for the young fish.
80
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Did you know

For the past 40 years Tropica has travelled around the world searching countless rivers and tropical
wetlands for new plants. The list of plants that have been found and brought to the hobby is long and
come from many different places such as; Cuba, Thailand, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Bolivia and Mauritius.
More than 100 varieties of potential aquarium plants are constantly being tested and evaluated in the
research and development department at Tropica. This is the way we have been able to contribute
new and exciting plants to the hobby and enrich the possibility of recreating a slice of nature into the
aquarium.
Holger Windelv keeping Cryptocoryne crispus var. balansae in a Thai river
Habitat for Staurogyne repens
Ole Pedersen at the habitat of Pogostemon helferi in Thailand
81
Utricularia graminifolia
049B
PRICE GROUP: POT 8
FamilY: Lentibulariaceae
ORIGIN: Asia
HEIGHT:
2 - 8 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
16 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 7
CODE: G
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Utricularia graminifolia belongs to the bladderwort family. All the plants in this family are insect eating, perennial
water and marsh plants. Bladder traps are a unique feature of this family, which Utricularia graminifolia forms
after a short period of time in the aquarium. The species name means with grass like leaves and the fresh
green leaves after a short period of time form a pretty mat which looks like a lawn. Utricularia graminifolia is
therefore an ideal foreground plant.
Vallisneria americana var. asiatica
056A
PRICE GROUP: BDT 3
HEIGHT:
20 - 50+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 28C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
6 - 8.5
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Vallisneria americana var. asiatica has twisted, green leaves that make a beautiful contrast when planted in
groups. Its shorter leaves differ from most other Vallisneria-species and do not overshadow other plants in the
aquarium. An easy plant that readily propagates via runners.
82
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
049B
Vallisneria americana (gigantea)
054
PRICE GROUP: POT 8, PL 5
ORIGIN: Asia
HEIGHT:
50 - 100+ cm
WIDTH:
10 - 20+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 30C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Vallisneria americana (gigantea) is an easy plant that grows fast, suitable for large aquariums. In most aquariums the leaves grow so long that they float on the surface. So the plant needs pruning to stop it taking too
much light from plants growing beneath. The leaves are tough and strong, so they are not normally eaten by
herbivorous fish. Vallisneria americana is easy to propagate using runners, which are prolific if the bottom is
nutritious.
Vallisneria americana ''mini twister''
056B
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
HEIGHT:
10 - 15+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 15 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
6 - 8.5
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Vallisneria americana mini twister is yet another graceful variety of Vallisneria americana. mini twister develops short, attractively twisted leaves, and can thus be placed between foreground and background plants.
mini twister is easy to grow and thrives even in less intensive light and without addition of CO2 to the water.
83
Vallisneria americana (natans)
055
PRICE GROUP: BDT 3
HEIGHT:
50 - 100 cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
18 - 28C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Vallisneria americana (natans) is a hardy plant for beginners. It has fine, narrow leaves so it does not overshadow other plants much. Easy to propagate using its many runners.
Vallisneria nana
056C
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
ORIGIN: Australia
HEIGHT:
30 - 80 cm
WIDTH:
2 - 10 cm
TEMPERATURE:
20 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Vallisneria nana is a solitary contrast plant with dark green, rosulate, narrow leaves. It is extremely suitable as a
mid-ground plant, but can also be used as a background plant in small aquariums. The leaves are much narrower than with other species of Vallisneria, nor are they quite as long. In its natural habitat in northern Australia
Vallisneria nana reaches a height of only 15 cm, but in aquariums it typically grows to 30-50 cm, which no
doubt reflects the different light and nutrient conditions. Vallisneria nana produces offshoots very readily, so
compact vegetation will soon develop in good conditions.
84

055
Vallisneria spiralis 'Tiger'
055A
PRICE GROUP: POT 7
ORIGIN: Asia
HEIGHT:
30 - 55+ cm
WIDTH:
5 - 10+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 30C
GH:
4 - 30 dH
pH:
6-8
CODE: I
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Vallisneria spiralis Tiger is an excellent plant for beginners, growing in virtually all light and water conditions.
The name Tiger is due to its striped leaves. The relatively short leaves make it suitable for small aquariums,
and the leaves are also narrow so they do not overshadow smaller plants. Forms runners easily, and is thus
easy to propagate.
Vesicularia dubyana 'Christmas'
003A
FamilY: Hypnaceae
ORIGIN:
Brazil
HEIGHT:
1 - 3+ cm
WIDTH:
3 - 5+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 28C
GH:
1 - 30 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: K
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
A special moss originally seen in Japanese aquariums and known as Amazonia Willow Moss. Also called
Christmas tree moss, because of its side branch structure which distinguishes it from ordinary Vesicularia
dubyana and looks like fir tree branches. It is more demanding than ordinary Java moss and grows more
slowly. It attaches readily to roots and stones, and as it spreads in the water it needs pruning to keep its shape
attractive. See also Taxiphyllum barbieri.
85
Vesicularia ferriei 'Weeping'
003B
PRICE GROUP: POR 8
FamilY: Hypnaceae
ORIGIN: Asia
HEIGHT:
1 - 3+ cm
WIDTH:
3 - 5+ cm
TEMPERATURE:
15 - 28C
GH:
4 - 20 dH
pH:
5.5 - 8
CODE: K
LIGHT: LOW
GROWTH RATE: SLOW
DEMANDS: EASY
Vesicularia ferriei Weeping, commonly known as Weeping Moss, is believed to originate from China and has
been distributed by Oriental Aquarium Plants. Weeping is a fleshy, hanging moss with teardrop-like bright
green shoots. It is best attached to driftwood or roots, as its drooping growth pattern helps to create depth
and contrast in the aquarium. Weeping has low demands, is fast growing and should be pruned frequently
with scissors to maintain an attractive shape.
86
Vesicularia ferriei Weeping
HIGH
FAST
DIFFICULT
Tropicas ABC Its time to get started!

Our goal with the Tropicas ABC is to give you a simple guide to the most important topics that you need to understand to ensure a
successful and trouble-free start. What should be considered before the start up? How do I set up the aquarium? And what is required
afterwards?
You are about to embark on a wonderful hobby, but you must be aware that a bad start can cause you worries. If you follow the basic
instructions on the following pages you will be well-prepared for this amazing underwater world.
We also recommend that you visit our website www.tropica.com where you can gain further information, get detailed advice and guidance
through an extensive number of plant articles and plant news.
The decoration of the aquarium before planting
Result 6 weeks after set-up
87
Before you start

To help you with the start up of your aquarium we have
listed some fundamental issues that are important and can
influence the results you experience.
Location
Do not place the aquarium in direct sun light as
it will certainly provoke algae problems. Place it
in a dark corner with minimal ambient light. The
aquarium itself will bring light and atmosphere to the
room. Place on a stable surface in level.
Aquarium
The aquarium is the housing of your water environment and
should look subtle without distracting from the content. The size
of the aquarium is your choice but smaller aquariums (less than
50 L) can be more difficult to maintain than larger tanks, as environmental stability is reduced in smaller volumes of water.
Decoration
Materials for decoration are for example wood, roots and stones.
By using decorative materials you will be able to create depth,
nature-like landscapes, and options for attaching plants. To avoid
damage to the bottom of the aquarium you can place a piece of
Styrofoam underneath larger rocks.
Light
Light is the energy source for all plants. Plants need light to grow and thrive but their need for light varies.
A good rule of thumb would be 0.5 Watt per Litre of water. Read carefully the instructions of the lamps
power (in Watts) and select a lamp with enough Wattage compared to the aquarium volume.
The composition of the light colours can vary from warm to cold shades. Plants adapts best to light as
close to daylight as possible. Colours appears also best in daylight. Light should only be switched on for
8-10 hours a day more hours will only benefit algae! For the start up (about 2 weeks) 6 hours light a
day will be sufficient.
88
Heating
FertiliZer
Heating your aquarium is necessary when plants and fish require
Fertilizers are a must in order to achieve good plant health and
a higher temperature than the ambient temperature. Suitable
growth. The addition of liquid fertilizer can be recommended for all
temperatures are common for most plants. To achieve good plant
types of plants, and a good substrate for plants with thriving roots.
growth we recommend a temperature of 22-25 degrees Celsius.
See page 96-97 for further information of Tropicas fertilizer series.
Note that some pump types have and internal heat source.
Pump/filter
The function for the pump and/or filter is to create water circulation.
It helps bring the biological balance into the aquarium and to avoid
stagnant water in some parts of the aquarium which can cause
problems. A filter system will clean the water mechanically and
biologically to prevent the water from becoming dirty and polluted.
But its important to remember that a filter system does not replace
the need to change water.
Carbon dioxide
Substrate
CO2, carbon dioxide, is very important for all plants. Only
The bottom layer is fundamental for the development of the plant
very few plants thrives with the limited amount of CO2 in
roots. The gravel grain size varies, but its important that both
an aquarium that does not have any CO2 equipment con-
water and nutrition can circulate. Gravel with a grain size of
nected. The supply of CO2 will increase growth, colours,
2-4 mm is ideal for aquarium plants. The bottom layer can be
and lushness of the plants significantly. Its easy to test the
supplemented with a nutrient-rich substrate if it has not already
effect of CO2 in your aquarium by adding a cup of mineral
been added to the product.
water per 100 L every day. Plants do only take up CO2

when the lights are on. Your dealer carries a large selection
of CO2 equipment for your aquarium, from simple, manual
methods to fully automated systems. On www.tropica.com
you can see the diagram for recommended CO2 concentrations depending on water hardness.
89
Tips and tricks for planting and care
Code
Type
Examples
Planting and care
Stem plants
Hygrophila,
Alternanthera,
Nesaea
Remove the pot and the mineral wool carefully from the roots. Plant the stems at intervals
and spread the loose roots into the bottom layer. Pinch off the slips when trimming and they
can be planted in the bottom layer.
Stem plants
Cabomba,
Egeria
Bunches. Remove the lowest leaves and cover the remaining lowest leaves with the bottom
layer plant the stems at intervals. Pinch off the top shoots and plant them in the bottom
layer.
Bulbs
Aponogeton,
Nymphaea
Remove any pots and mineral wool and cover the bulb with the bottom layer. The shoot should be
above the bottom layer. Remove any sick leaves before planting. Remove whole leaves when trimming. Bulbs can be kept from two to four months (store in damp, cool conditions).
Rhizomatous
Anubias,
Microsorum
Remove the pot and the mineral wool carefully from the roots. The root stem (rhizome)
should not be covered fully by the bottom layer or it will rot. Plants can also be fastened to a
stone or roots. Trim by cutting pieces from the root stem.
Rosulate
Echinodorus
Remove the pot and the mineral wool carefully from the roots. Remove the outermost leaves as they will die under water under any circumstances and the plant will rapidly develop
new leaves adapted to conditions under water. Shorten the roots and spread them when
planting. Remove whole leaves when trimming, pinch off offshoots and plant them in the
bottom layer.
Rosulate
Cryptocoryne
Remove the pot and the mineral wool carefully from the roots. Remove any sick leaves.
Plant the individual plants in the pot at intervals. Remove whole leaves or whole plants when
trimming.
Stolon
Glossostigma,
Hemianthus
Remove the pot and cut the mineral wool block so that about 1 cm is left together with the
plants. Use this mineral wool as an anchor to hold the plant in the bottom layer. The pot contains many plants that can be divided into several groups (typically four to eight) and planted
at intervals. Trim with scissors like a lawn.
Stolon
Marsilea,
Eleocharis
Remove the pot and cut the mineral wool block so that about 1 cm is left together with the
plants. Use this mineral wool as an anchor to hold the plants in the bottom layer. Then cut down
the plants until they are about 1 cm above the mineral wool. They will rapidly develop new leaves
adapted to conditions under water. The pot contains many plants that can be divided into several
groups (typically four to eight) and planted at intervals. Trim or thin with scissors.
Stolon
Vallisneria,
Lilaeopsis
Remove the pot and the mineral wool carefully from the roots. Remove any sick leaves.
Plant the individual plants in the pot at intervals. Remove whole leaves whole plants when
trimming.
Floating
plants
Salvinia,
Ceratophyllum
Portions. Place them on the surface (Ceratophyllum can also be planted in the bottom layer).
Trim by removing material from the surface.
Mosses
Riccia,
Monosolenium
Portions. Can be used as floating plants or fastened to a stone or root where they will form
cushions or carpets. Trim by removing material or with scissors.
Bulb
Crinum
Separate the bulb carefully from the mineral wool. Remove any sick leaves before planting
the bulb in the bottom layer. Parts of the bulb must be above the bottom layer. Trim by
removing whole leaves.
Various
Cladophora,
Ceratopteris
Examples of plants that can be used in different ways search for information on these and
other plants on our web site.
90
From planting to end result

We will here show you three plant types at three stages from sales pot to planted inside the aquarium. Most plants can be divided into
smaller portions when planting. To avoid the plant creating excess shade for other plants or to prevent it from growing inappropriately, it is
important to prune it in time. For more specific plant advice see page 90.
A: Stem plant
Polygonum sp.
1) Sales pot
2) Divide in 3-4 portions
3) Result 4-5 weeks after planting
E: Rosette
1) Sales pot
2) Keep only new leaves

(remove the older ones)
3) Result 4 weeks after planting
H: Stolon
Eleocharis parvula
1) Sales pot
2) Divide in 8-16 portions
3) Result 6-8 weeks after planting
91
The best way of caring for your plants in the

aquarium!
Your aquarium plants require water, heat, light and fertilizer, but in moderation. Too little or too much may cause impaired growth and if
missing only one of these things the plants will not be able to survive.
Water change
Algae check
When starting up the aquarium, water needs to be changed
Check regularly for algae. The first signs for algae can be unclear
twice a week for 2-3 weeks. Subsequently once a week to
water, coatings on the glass, the leaves or decorations, or perhaps
prevent algae growth. Change approx. 25% every time.
as fine threads. Initial signs can be hard to spot so look carefully!

Read more about algae on page 94.
Add fertilizer
Pruning
Fertilizer must be added with caution. Start out
Pruning of the plants should be done frequently
with only half of the recommended dose and check
(each or every other week). At longer intervals the
on the development of the plants. If leaves or the
cuttings will be more difficult and it may disturb
entire plant turns pale or transparent then they need
the balance of the aquarium. Also the risk of algae
fertilizer. Begin by using the fertilizer without nitrogen
increases. See examples on cuttings on page 93.
(N) or phosphorous (P). Once the plants are in good

growth a fertilizer containing N and P can be added
as a supplement (see page 97 about Tropicas
fertilizer products AquaCare).
92
Inspection of the
technique
Remove dead material
Technical equipment must be checked frequently.
Dead material can be plant residues, dead fish
Are the fluorescent tubes functioning, does the
or shrimp, algae residues, etc. Dead material will
plug-in-timer work, is the temperature appropriate,
release nutrients and consume oxygen which will
is there any CO2 left in the bottle?
create an imbalance in the aquarium.
Removal of dead material must be done frequently.
Pruning the plants

We know that many aquarists have trouble pruning their plants in time! Avoid harsh pruning that brings imbalance in the aquarium.
Prune regularly by removing the oldest leaves on rosette plants, the longest stems, superfluous runners and trim mosses and ground
carpets. That will keep the plants in good growth and keep them from providing shade for each other and maintain their vigour.
A: Stem plant
Polygonum sp.
1) Stems approaching the surface
2) Cut just above where leaves set
3) Create side shoots willingly
E: Rosette
1) The plant is too large
Eleocharis parvula
1) The lawn is long and bushy
2) Remove elderly leaves at the base
3) Make room for new growth
H: Stolon
2) Cut down hard with scissors (2 cm height) 3) Will create new leaves in a few days
93
Algae growth can be limited by simple methods

Algae growth is usually the main reason for giving up this hobby. But algae will always appear in an aquarium. Algae are basic plants that
require very similar conditions to regular aquarium plants i.e. light and nutrients. Too many fish in relation to plants will create an imbalance
in the aquarium and is the most common reason of algae problems. The main reason to these problems is the remains of excess food and
excrements which gives an excess of nutrients to the water. It promotes algae growth as well as direct sun light. Read more about algae on
www.tropica.com.
Algae can be prevented by:
Frequent water change
Good plant growth, use of fast growing or floating plants
Put a selection of algae eating fish, shrimps and snails into the aquarium as soon a possible
Most common algae types
Green Water algae
Thread algae
Benthic algae
Green Water algae are microscopic
Thread algae are typically green, thread-
Benthic algae can be green, brown and
single-celled algae which make the water
forming algae which are growing on the
black it their form and appear on leaves,
unclear and totally green. Try with frequent
plant leaves and on decorations. Try first
gravel, glass surfaces, stones and roots,
and larger water change, turn off the light
to remove them mechanically with a rough
etc. Try first to remove mechanically (with a
(2-3 days) and plant in more fast growing
surfaced stick and then add algae-eating
soft sponge), turn off the light for a couple of
plants. Do not add any fertiliser and mini-
shrimps and fish.
days and plant in fast growing plants. Then
mise fish feeding.
add appropriate fish, shrimps and snails that

are effective algae eaters.
94
Cherry shrimps are effective algae eaters and they can breed readily in most aquariums!
10 good advices on how to get

a good result
Purpose
Make up your mind about what you want to achieve with your aquarium, how much money do you want to
spend, and how much time do you want to spend on maintaining it.
Layout and decorations
Make a design for your aquarium layout before you contact your local dealer. To help create depth and space for
both plants and animals it is recommended to use decoration materials such as wood, roots and stones. Plants
must be planted according to their size and to their need of light (the light in the corners of the aquarium are
much less than in the centre of the aquarium). See www.tropica.com for more layouts and inspiration.
Select your plants
Select your plants in relation to the choice of technical equipment and also by bearing in mind the time you are
prepared to spend on maintaining your aquarium. Difficult plants require good light and CO2 to achieve good
results.
Planting
Follow the instructions for planting to get the best possible results. Remember that most plants are fast growing
so make sure that the plants will get enough room from the start.
Fast growing plants
Fast growing plants take up a lot of nutrients and bring good balance to the aquarium. They do not necessarily
have to remain a part of the layout but they are important when starting up the aquarium.
Algae eaters
Fish, shrimp and snails are effective algae eaters and by combining them in the aquarium they can control different algae types. They should be put into the aquarium as soon as possible after the start. Contact your dealer
for more specific details.
Water change
You cannot change too much water! Change around 25% several times during the first couple of weeks and
subsequently once a week. 25% per week minimum is the recommendation and up to 50% if there are signs of
algae.
Fertilizer
A nutrient-rich substrate in the bottom layer is sufficient during the start-up of the aquarium. Wait for plant
growth before starting with liquid fertilizer. During the start-up add only 50% or less of the dose recommended
until new growth forms. Begin by using a fertilizer without nitrogen and phosphorous.
Pruning
Help your aquarium to maintain a good balance by pruning the plants frequently. You can prune them back
considerably! Re-planting of stems and runners is recommended to maintain good growth.
Prevent algae
Prevention is better than cure. By using fast growing plants, algae eating fish, frequent water change and by mechanical removal you can reduce algae problems. When necessary turn off lights or minimise photoperiods too.
Photo: Ole Pedersen
95
Tropica AquaCare
when you want to treat your plants!
Tropica plants have from the very start everything they need to grow large, healthy and beautiful. But even more sturdy
plants make some demands on their surroundings if they are to grow optimally.
AquaCare is adjusted to the plants needs and is developed on the basis of 40 years of experience with producing
plants. The fertilizer is supplemented with nutrients that are not supplied by residues from fish feed and fish excrement.
But add fertilizer with caution! If only the new/young leaves are pale (transparent) they require a fertilizer without nitrogen
and phosphor. If the entire plant is pale it requires a fertilizer containing nitrogen and phosphorous.
96
Photo: Ole Pedersen
PLANT SUBSTRATE
2.5 / 5 L
PLANT SUBSTRATE acts as a long
term nutrition store for the plants
and ensures vigorous and healthy
growth.
PLANT SUBSTRATE is a natural
concentrate on clay and sphagnum, laid at the bottom of the
gravel layer when you build your
aquarium.
PLANT NUTRITION liquid
100 / 250 / 500 ml

PLANT NUTRITION liquid contains
most of the nutrients for healthy
and sustained plant growth.
PLANT NUTRITION liquid does
not contain nitrogen (N) and
phosphorous (P). It supplies the
nutrients that plants easily use and
that the plants can ideally take-up
via the leaves.
PLANT NUTRITION+ liquid
100 / 250 / 500 ml

PLANT NUTRITION+ liquid
contains all essential nutrients
needed including nitrogen (N)
and phosphorous (P).
PLANT NUTRITION+ liquid is
suitable for aquariums with many
plants in relation to the number
of fish and where the plants can
lack nitrogen and phosphorous
that otherwise would be supplied
by fish feed and fish excrement.
97
Plant Index
98
Plant name
Number
Heteranthera zosterifolia
096
54
Alternanthera reineckii Pink (roseafolia)
023
Difficulty Page
21
Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (maritima)
039A
54
Alternanthera reineckii Purple (lilacina)
023B
21
Hydrocotyle verticillata
039
55
Anubias barteri var. angustifolia
101C
22
053
55
Anubias barteri var. barteri
101A
22
Hygrophila corymbosa Angustifolia
052A
56
Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705
101U
23
Hygrophila corymbosa Compact
052D
56
Anubias barteri coffeefolia
101G
23
Hygrophila corymbosa Siamensis
053A
58
101
24
Hygrophila corymbosa Siamensis 53B
053B
58
088
24
051
59
Aponogeton crispus
083
26
Hygrophila pinnatifida
051A
59
089D
26
050
60
089
27
Hygrophila polysperma Rosanervig
050B
60
Aponogeton ulvaceus
086
27
Juncus repens
133F
61
Azolla caroliniana
013
28
Lilaeopsis brasiliensis
040
61
Bacopa australis
043A
28
Lilaeopsis mauritiana
040B
62
Bacopa caroliniana
043
29
063
62
Bacopa monnieri
044
29
Limnophila aquatica
046
63
Bolbitis heudelotii
006
30
047
63
Cabomba caroliniana
015
30
045
64
Cardamine lyrata
024
31
Lobelia cardinalis
053C
64
Ceratophyllum demersum Foxtail
021A
31
Ludwigia arcuata
035
65
005A
32
Ludwigia glandulosa
035A
65
Cladophora aegagrophila
000C
32
Ludwigia repens Rubin
033D
66
094A
34
Marsilea hirsuta
010
66
Crinum natans
094
34
Micranthemum umbrosum
048
67
Crinum thaianum
093
35
Microsorum pteropus
008
67
Cryptocoryne beckettii petchii
108A
35
Microsorum pteropus Narrow
008A
68
Cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae
125
36
Microsorum pteropus Windelv
008B
68
Cryptocoryne parva
106
36
002C
70
Cryptocoryne undulata broad leaves
110A
37
Myriophyllum mattogrossense
037
70
Cryptocoryne wendtii brown
109C
37
Myriophyllum mezianum
037B
71
Cryptocoryne wendtii green
109
38
Nesaea crassicaulis
033B
71
Cryptocoryne wendtii Mi Oya
109D
38
Nesaea pedicellata
033C
72
019
72
Cryptocoryne wendtii Tropica
109E
39
Cryptocoryne x willisii
107
39
Pogostemon erectus
053F
73
Cyperus helferi
133A
40
Pogostemon helferi
053H
73
Didiplis diandra
031
40
Pogostemon stellata (Eusteralis)
053G
74
Echinodorus Aquartica
074F
41
Polygonum sp.
023F
74
072A
41
Proserpinaca palustris Cuba
037C
75
071
42
Riccia fluitans
001
75
Echinodorus cordifolius ssp. fluitans
073D
42
Rotala rotundifolia
033
76
Echinodorus macrophyllus
073
44
Rotala sp. green
033A
76
Echinodorus osiris
072
44
Rotala wallichii
032A
77
Echinodorus Ozelot
073F
45
Sagittaria platyphylla
081
77
Echinodorus Ozelot Green
073G
45
Sagittaria subulata
079
78
011
78
076
46
Salvinia natans
Echinodorus quadricostatus
068
46
Samolus valerandi
026
79
Echinodorus Red Diamond
074D
47
Shinnersia rivularis Weiss-Grn
053E
79
Echinodorus Red Special
073J
47
Staurogyne repens
049G
80
Echinodorus Ros
072B
48
003
80
Echinodorus Rubin
074B
48
049B
82
Echinodorus tenellus
067
49
056A
82
Echinodorus uruguayensis
070A
49
Vallisneria americana (gigantea)
054
83
Echinodorus Vesuvius
067C
50
Vallisneria americana mini twister
056B
83
Egeria densa
058
50
055
84
Eleocharis parvula
132C
52
Vallisneria nana
056C
84
045A
52
Vallisneria spiralis Tiger
055A
85
003A
85
003B
86
Hemianthus callitrichoides Cuba
048B
53
Vesicularia dubyana Christmas
Hemianthus micranthemoides
048A
53
Vesicularia ferriei Weeping moss
Product range
XL-plants
Number
Page
Floating plants
Number
Alternanthera reineckii
023
21
Azolla caroliniana
013
28
Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705
101U
23
Ceratophyllum demersum Foxtail
021A
31
Bacopa caroliniana
043
29
063
62
Bolbitis heudelotii
006
30
Riccia fluitans
001
75
094A
34
Salvinia natans
011
78
Crinum natans
094
34
Crinum thaianum
093
35
Cryptocoryne wendtii Tropica
109E
39
072A
41
071
42
Echinodorus Ozelot
073F
45
Bunched plants
Number
Echinodorus Ozelot Green
073G
45
Alternanthera reineckii Pink (roseafolia)
023
21
076
46
Bacopa caroliniana
043
29
Echinodorus Red Special
073J
47
Cabomba caroliniana
015
30
Echinodorus Ros
072B
48
Egeria densa
058
50
Echinodorus Rubin
074B
48
053
55
Hygrophila corymbosa Siamensis
053A
58
051
59
Microsorum pteropus
008
67
056A
82
008B
68
055
84
Difficulty
Difficulty
Difficulty
Page
Page
AquaDecor
Number
Page
Bulbs
Number
101
24
088
24
Bolbitis heudelotii
006
30
089D
26
Cryptocoryne becketti petchii
108A
35
089
27
Hemianthus callitrichoides Cuba
048B
53
Aponogeton ulvaceus
086
27
Microsorum pteropus
008
67
019
72
Microsorum pteropus Narrow
008A
68
008B
68
002C
70
Pogostemon helferi
053H
73
Riccia fluitans
001
75
003
80
003A
85
Mosses
Number
002C
70
Riccia fluitans
001
75
003
80
003A
85
Vesicularia ferriei Weeping moss
003B
86
Difficulty
Difficulty
Difficulty
Page
Page
= Easy
= Average
= Difficult
Illustration: Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705
99
Tropica Aquarium Plants A/S

Mejlbyvej 200
DK-8250 Egaa
Denmark
Tlf. +45 86220566
Fax +45 86228466
E-mail: tropica@tropica.dk
www.tropica.com
English
ISBN 978-87-98685456
3 | 3 | DKK 25

Catalog Plante Tropica

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Catalog Plante Tropica

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Plant guide

Layout and text:

Photos delivered by:

Water colour illustrations:

Tropica Aquarium Plants

Jan Ole Pedersen

Illustration: Staurogyne repens

Habitat for Staurogyne repens

Discovering new plants for the aquarium

Examples of layouts Page 7

Pots and XLs Page 13

Tropicas ABC Page 87

Illustration: Azolla caroliniana

Let the dream become reality

Photo: Oliver Knott

The Classic Layout

Hygrophila polysperma Rosanervig (x 1)

Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705 (x 1)

Anubias barteri coffeefolia (x 1)

Anubias barteri var. nana (x 4)

Cryptocoryne becketti petchii (x 1)

Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) (x 1)

Result 55 days after set-up

The Starter Layout

Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) (x 1)

Vallisneria americana (natans) (x 1)

Cryptocoryne wendtii Tropica (x 1)

Microsorum pteropus Windelv (x 1)

Result 48 days after set-up

The Childrens Aquarium

Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) (x 1)

Ludwigia repens Rubin (x 1)

Microsorum pteropus Windelv (x 1)

Anubias barteri var. nana (x 4)

Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) (x 2)

Result 48 days after set-up

The Nano Aquarium

Hemianthus callitrichoides Cuba (x 4)

Result 42 days after set-up

The Show Aquarium

Cryptocoryne wendtii brown (x 2)

Hemianthus callitrichoides Cuba (x 1)

Eleocharis parvula (x 10)

Vesicularia dubyana Christmas (x 1)

Result 55 days after set-up

AquaDecor plants grown

AquaDecor for creating life-like landscapes:

AquaDecor with Anubias and Microsorum for Cichlids:

AquaDecor is available with suction caps

Microsorum pteropus Windelv photo: Jan Ole Pedersen

Mosses plenty of opportunities!

Attaching mosses to driftwood with sewing thread:

Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) photo: George Farmer

Nymphea lotus (zenkeri)

Bulbs the joy of expectations!

Nymphea lotus (zenkeri) photo: Claus Christensen

Plants from A-Z

PRICE GROUP: POT 5

1 The plants latin name

2 Tropicas order number

7 Area of origin where the plant is most widespread

3 Hand painted water colour illustration

8 Plant height/width average size after 2 months in the aquarium

9 Temperature range tolerated by the plant

3 Hand painted water colour illustration

8 Plant height/width average size after 2 months in the aquarium