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RESEARCH 2014
An ESOMAR Industry Report
in cooperation with BDO Accountants & Advisors
GLOBAL MARKET
RESEARCH 2014
An ESOMAR Industry Report
in cooperation with BDO Accountants & Advisors
INDEX
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
1. HIGHLIGHTS
1.1 The top line
1.2 Regional profiles
1.3 Five largest markets
1.4 International subcontracting, projects and clients
1.5 A review of the market leaders
1.6 Sources of research turnover
1.7 Spend by research method
1.8 Outlook for 2014
2. BEYOND BOUNDARIES
2.1 Pressure and instability welcome to the new normal
2.2 Growing footprint the quandary over expansion
2.3 Moving on, moving up
4
6
7
13
14
15
16
17
20
36
37
38
46
53
54
55
56
64
80
7. INDUSTRY JOURNAL
91
In spite of careful preparation and editing, this publication may contain errors and
8. ANNEX
8.1 Methodology
8.2 Turnover, growth and per capita data
8.3 Sources of research turnover
8.4 Spend by research method and design
8.5 Five-year trend
8.6 GDP growth rates 2009-2013
8.7 Average exchange rates per US$ 2009-2013
8.8 Inflation rates 2009-2013
22
24
28
35
71
72
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system of any nature, or transmitted or made available in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written
imperfections. Authors, editors and ESOMAR do not accept responsibility for the
consequences that may arise as a result thereof.
ISBN 92-831-0275-4
Published by ESOMAR, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
For further information, please call + 31 20 664 2141 or
email industrysurvey@esomar.org
97
98
99
110
120
128
130
132
134
1
FOREWORD
FOREWORD
FOREWORD
Welcome to the Global Market Research Report, covering 2013.
Finn Raben
ESOMAR Director
General
T
he Middle East records growth at
the regional level, but shows a more
complex and diverse picture at the subregional level
Applying the extended definition of the
market to our measure, the value of the
industry grows by 50% (!!) from US$ 40
billion to US$ 60 billion, the equivalent
value of the electronic gaming industry
and the highest valuation ever recorded.
We also see (as the ownership of
companies change), a more dynamic Top
10 company listing, echoing a greater
movement of funding and investment,
stemming (we believe) from increased
optimism about the industry.
A continuing challenge however, is that
we still need to do more to raise the value
of our profession to legislators, to users
and most importantly, to our participants
and consumers. The importance of
research and insight to society, to
government and to business simply cannot
be stressed enough, so allow me a small
plea: Help us celebrate what we do, louder
and farther in 2014 and beyond!
To complement these important
milestones, you will note that our report
has also had a slight makeover; we hope
that you like the new format as well as
the additional information contained within
so please let us have your feedback or
comments to: industrysurvey@esomar.org
Finn Raben
ESOMAR Director General
Nigel Burrows
Senior Principal, International Research, IMS Health
1. HIGHLIGHTS
The latest developments in market research industry
size, performance, consolidation, composition of clients
sectors and research methods.
1.1
REGIONAL PROFILES
1.2
Africa $382 1%
Middle East $277 1%
Europe $16,005
40%
E
urope still struggles to counter the
effects of the ongoing economic pains
and saw the market decline for a third
consecutive year.
Europe
-1.4%
North America
2.9%
1.6%
Latin America
-0.1%
Africa
-1.2%
Middle East
-1.2%
6%
4%
14,000
2%
12,000
10,000
0%
8,000
-2%
6,000
-4%
4,000
-6%
2,000
-8%
2009
2011
Turnover (US$m)
2012
2013
T
he Middle East and Africa posted
steady growth in absolute terms, but
this turned into net declines after the
inflationary measures were made.
Ukraine
Russia
Turkey
Luxembourg
Poland
Croatia
5.3 %
Lithuania
Other European countries
8.2%
5.8%
Bulgaria
Latvia
Exchange rate fluctuations eliminated.
IMF inflation rates used to determine growth.
2010
0.7%
Asia Pacific
18,000
16,000
Net growth
A
sia Pacific is the second of two
regions that recorded positive growth
for the year 2013.
L
atin America, which was the best
performing region in 2013, saw research
turnover drop by 0.1%, impacted by
inflation and declines for the regions
largest markets, Brazil and Mexico.
North America
$15,705 39% (+2)
World
N
orth America, accounting for 39%
of global research sales, buoyed the
industry, recording 2.9% net growth.
Millions US$
Asia Pacific
$5,998 15% (-1)
M
arket research turnover increases
in 49 countries or sub-regions, and
declines in 40, after adjustment for
inflation.
Latin America
$1,920 5%
Europe
The downward trend in European turnover
remains the region's, primary challenge;
for the third year in a row, the value of
the sector in the region declines: 0.4% in
gross terms, but (1.4%) after inflation.
Turnover reaches US$ 16,005 million.
5.0%
2.4%
2.0%
2.0%
1.7%
1.7%
1.2%
4%
14,000
3%
6,000
-2%
4,000
-3%
2,000
Net growth
-1%
-4%
2009
2010
Turnover (US$m)
2011
2012
2013
-5%
6%
7,000
5%
6,000
4%
5,000
3%
4,000
2%
3,000
1%
0%
2,000
-1%
1,000
Net growth
0%
8,000
Millions US$
1%
10,000
Millions US$
Asia Pacific
Asia Pacific sees research turnover
increase for the fourth consecutive year.
However, it would appear that growth in
the region has slowed down as the region
posts its smallest increase since 2010.
Research sales for the region amount to
US$ 5,998 million, reflecting year-on-year
growth of 3.9% but the impact of inflation
converts this into 1.6%.
2%
12,000
-2%
-3%
2009
2010
2011
Turnover (US$m)
2012
2013
Myanmar 50.0%
Bangladesh
Laos
Consumer
Non-Durables
16% (-9)
Pharmaceutical
Products & Services
17% (+3)
28.4%
14.3%
Cambodia
11.2%
Pakistan
11.1%
Commonwealth of
Independent States
6.0%
Indonesia
5.7%
Philippines
5.4%
Thailand
5.3%
China
4.4%
2,500
15%
2,000
10%
1,500
5%
1,000
0%
5,00
-5%
Net growth
Millions US$
-10%
2009
2010
2011
Turnover (US$m)
2012
2013
15.5%
Paraguay
13.0%
Chile
10.8%
8.3%
Ecuador
8.1%
Panama
6.9%
Bolivia
3.6%
Colombia
3.4%
2.6%
450
400
10%
350
300
5%
250
0%
200
150
-5%
100
-10%
50
0
2009
2010
Turnover (US$m)
2011
2012
Net growth (%)
2013
-15%
Net growth
Dominican Republic
Costa Rica
19.7%
Africa
The African research market contracted by
(1.2%) with turnover dropping to US$ 382
million. The region recorded substantial
growth of 5.0% but, unfortunately, the
quite significant effects of inflation have
moved the region into negative territory.
South Africa, by far the largest market,
experienced a difficult year. Year-on-year
growth (in local currency) fell from 10.8%
in 2012 to 3.6% in 2013, which turned into
a net decline of (2.0%) once high inflation
is factored in. The country profited from
product expansion, an increase in digital
research (including mobile) and overall
market and business diversification.
However, growth slowed down because of
tough market conditions, such as capacity
constraints, client budget cuts, pricing
pressures, and general political unrest and
instability in the rest of Africa. In terms of
US dollars, turnover declined to US$ 219
Millions US$
Latin America
Latin America had to relinquish the title
of fastest growing region it held in 2012.
The region did record the strongest
growth in local currency terms on a yearon-year basis: 6.6%, but this turns into
a very small net decline of (0.1%) once
inflation is taken into account. Turnover
for the region totals US$ 1,920 million.
1.3
Middle East
The Middle East looked to have turned
the corner as the region reversed last
years declines, posting 4.2% year-onyear growth, an apparent upswing which
changes into a net decline of (1.2%) after
inflation. This however, represents a
positive development as this decline is
not nearly as marked as the previous year
(4.2%).
Behind the top line figures, the regional
picture is very diverse. The Gulf
Cooperation Council (GCC), which
represents 57% of this region's sales,
stayed strong and produced a third
consecutive year of net increases,
compensating for the (strong) declines
elsewhere, that largely relate to the
ongoing regional conflicts.
350
6%
300
4%
2%
200
0%
150
-2%
-4%
100
-6%
50
0
-8%
2009
2010
Turnover (US$m)
2011
2012
Net growth (%)
2013
-10%
Net growth
Millions US$
250
Japan $1,843
5% (-1)
France $2,679
7%
Germany $3,468
9% (+1)
12
13
INTERNATIONAL SUBCONTRACTING,
PROJECTS AND CLIENTS
1.4
COUNTRY
MARKET SIZE
(US$m)
ABSOLUTE GROWTH
(%) 2012/13
NET GROWTH
(%) 2012/13
120
93
55
27
3
0.8
-0.7
3.8
-8.8
-2.9
-3.4
-1.8
-2.6
-13.7
-2.4
Hong Kong
New Zealand
Vietnam
Kenya
Georgia
Domestic clients
81%
See chapter 8, tables 8.2.11, 8.3.1 and 8.3.2, pages 108-113 for available
country data.
14
1.5
2012
market share (%)
2013
market share (%)
14
10
6
6
5
4
55
14
10
6
6
5
4
55
15
1.6
Wholesale
and retail 5% (-1)
Manufacturing
44% (-2)
Telecommunications
6% (+1)
1.7
Total qualitative
16% (-1)
Financial
services 6%
Public sector 8% (-1)
Media 14% (+1)
Online
Pharmaceutical
Products & Services
Automotive
4%
Consumer Durables
Other manufacturing
3%
2%
See chapter 8, tables 8.3.3, 8.3.4 and 8.3.5, pages 114-119 for available
country data on spend by different client sectors.
16
5% (-1)
3% (+2)
Online traffic/audience
12% (+1)
23% (-4)
2% (-1)
Group discussions
In-depth interview
Other
11% (-1)
9% (-3)
Postal
2013 (%)
24% (-3)
19% (+4)
12% (-1)
Other quantitative
Face-to-face
Consumer Non-Durables
Automated digital/electronic
Telephone
3% (+1)
2% (+1)
0% (-2)
10% (+4)
Percentage-point changes in market share compared to 2012 are provided in between brackets.
Other quantitative research includes mainly syndicated services for which breakdowns are not available.
Other qualitative research includes ethnography and other methods for which breakdowns are not available.
17
Japan
Bulgaria
Sweden
Canada
Netherlands
50
38% (-1)
Bangladesh
60% (-7)
38%
Ecuador
GCC
56% (+17)
55% (-5)
34%
Indonesia
53% (-2)
32%
Turkey
52% (-4)
30% (+5)
Vietnam
Hong Kong
30% (+3)
Nicaragua
50% (-1)
50% (-18)
Belgium
30% (+13)
Honduras
50% (+13)
Online quantitative research only, excluding online traffic/audience measurement and online qualitative.
40
8,000
24
24
26
29
28
35
30
25
20
4,000
15
10
2,000
0
68% (+3)
65%
45
10,000
6,000
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
36%
Australia
Singapore
12,000
46% (+1)
43% (-2)
Finland
FACE-TO-FACE
Opinion Research/Polling 2%
5
2009
2010
Value (US$m)
2011
2012
Market share (%)
2013
Market Modeling 6%
Advertising/Brand Tracking 7%
See chapter 8, table 8.4.4, pages 126-127 for available country data and project type definitions.
18
19
1.8
20
9
19
80%
70%
21
60%
Decline
50%
82
40%
30%
No change
Growth
60
20%
10%
0
2013
2014
21
2. BEYOND
BOUNDARIES
Some of our industrys most influential thought
leaders discuss how the world has changed from a
macroeconomic perspective, and what that means for
market research demand. Includes study results on the
size of the broader market research industry.
22
23
2.1
Security, speed,
simplicity and substance
Truchot, whose company will mark
40 years in business next year, says the
current conditions require researchers
energies to be directed into four key
areas. The first is to give clients security
security that their projects will be
delivered on time, free of errors and
in compliance with the regulations
something thats easy to promise
but increasingly complex to deliver.
The second area is speed. Were in
the Google world, and a world where
many decisions need to be made very
quickly, so weve been used to looking at
2.2
GROWING FOOTPRINT
The quandary over expansion
31
Online analytics
Management consultancies
IT & telecom research
Marketing reports & research
Social media communities
Web traffic measurement
Sample & panel providers
Media monitoring
Survey software
Web and social media research
Incremental turnover sub-segments
Total value expanded market
2012
2013
2012/13
GMR
OUTSELL
GMR
OUTSELL
NET GROWTH
39.7
35.7
40.3
37.1
6.5
4.8
3.3
2.9
2
0.92
0.88
0.54
0.39
0.28
22.51
7.2
5
3.6
3.2
2.2
0.99
0.92
0.54
0.44
0.31
24.4
10.1
3.6
7.5
9.6
12
7.6
4.5
0.2
16.7
10
8.4
58.2
61.5
33
2.3
35
3. AFRICA &
LATIN AMERICA
A wide range of industry experts share their views on
trends & developments in Africa and Latin America; whats
driving growth and what challenges have to be overcome
3.1
37
3.2
38
Shirley Harding
Joy Uyanwune
42
43
45
3.3
Straight talking
Karina Besprovan, regional director
of Omnicom Media Group Chile, says
multinationals have for years focused on
the regions three big markets Brazil,
Mexico and Argentina but are now also
looking at other fast-growing markets
such as Peru and Colombia. Theyre
discovering the diversity that exists both
within markets and between them. The
Pacific countries were not the focus of
research interest in past years, she says.
Youre not going to find a lot of Peruvian
or Venezuelan or Ecuadorian people
whove been asked their opinions before,
so their feedback is of great value.
Besprovan says theres a public
willingness to be frank with researchers
and little sugar-coating of responses to
give answers that please. They dont
want to please anybody! she says. People
are, generally speaking, going to tell you
what they really think, and when it comes
to salaries and other information people
regard as confidential, if theyre not going
to talk, theyll just say, I prefer not to
3.4
52
Mexican wave
Much of this hope rests, however, on
the expectation that the past decade
of growth will continue. Very recent
growth in the biggest Latin American
markets has been erratic, and, as growth
in China slows down, those markets that
have thrived primarily due to exports of
copper and other raw materials could see
their economies tested.
Cilley says the region can ride out the
storm; it is well practised. Growth in
our countries ... has always gone up and
down, she says. We are used to cycles in
the economy, and our experience shows
that in periods of less growth, many
companies and clients are alert and need
to study how markets are changing and
how they can adapt their products or
services. Many times, less consumption
does not mean less market research.
P
overty rates are declining and in many
markets are at historic lows, but the
absolute number of people living near
the bread-line remains huge. Marketers
are discovering that, by understanding
both peoples aspirations and their
budgeting priorities, they can tap into
the bottom of the income pyramid,
providing low-cost goods and services
and establishing what they hope will be
a long and loyal relationship.
Technology is making up
for poor infrastructure and
long distances but beware
its limitations
LOOKING TO THE FUTURE BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE
4. BIG OPPORTUNITY
The next generation of data & people
A select group of key industry figures provide their thoughts
on how big data is changing future ways of working. While the
next generation of researchers discuss whats compelling about
a career in market research.
4.1
55
BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE WHY BIG DATA IS NOT A DIRTY TERM
4.2
WHY BIG DATA IS NOT A DIRTY TERM BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE
BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE WHY BIG DATA IS NOT A DIRTY TERM
WHY BIG DATA IS NOT A DIRTY TERM BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE
59
BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE WHY BIG DATA IS NOT A DIRTY TERM
WHY BIG DATA IS NOT A DIRTY TERM BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE
BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE WHY BIG DATA IS NOT A DIRTY TERM
WHY BIG DATA IS NOT A DIRTY TERM BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE
BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE SHOUTING FROM THE ROOFTOPS
4.3
SHOUTING FROM THE ROOFTOPS BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE
BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE SHOUTING FROM THE ROOFTOPS
Amaury de Cond
SHOUTING FROM THE ROOFTOPS BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE
67
BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE SHOUTING FROM THE ROOFTOPS
SHOUTING FROM THE ROOFTOPS BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE
Jeremy Pace
BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE SHOUTING FROM THE ROOFTOPS
MINDING GAPS, ADDING VALUED BIG OPPORTUNITY THE NEXT GENERATION OF DATA & PEOPLE
4.4
W
hat the growing prevalence of data
underlines is the need for new ways
of drawing useful insights from ever
71
5. TOP 25
COMPANIES
Laurence N. Gold examines the performance
of the Top 25 market research companies,
highlighting winners and losers in the current
economic climate, and reviewing merger
and acquisition activity, profitability, and
expectations for the future.
72
73
TOP 25 COMPANIES
TOP 25 COMPANIES
2013
2012
GENERIC*
CURRENCY
EFFECTS/
+M&A'S
= TOTAL
AFTER WW
INFLATION
3.4%
2.6
-0.1%
NC
3.3%
2.6
2.0%
0.5
2011
4.1
1.6
5.7
3.0
2010
4.9
1.1
6.0
4.3
2009
-3.1
2.5
-0.6
-2.0
2008
3.9
2.9
6.8
3.5
2007
7.7
1.4
9.1
6.1
2006
5.1
3.5
8.6
6.4
2005
5.4
4.8
4.5
1.1
9.9
5.9
7.4
3.4
2004
74
TOP 25 COMPANIES
TOP 25 COMPANIES
76
T
he qualifying threshold is higher.
A 2013 ranking required revenue of
US$ 100 million, an increase of nearly
US$ 8 million over last year. For
the eight years following 2000, the
threshold ranged up and down between
US$ 42 million and US$ 54 million, but
in 2008 it begin to rise to its present
record high level, which will no doubt
continue to rise in the future.
M
erger & Acquisitions (M&A's) declined.
The number of M&As made by the Top
25 firms declined in 2013 by 67%, to
21 versus 31 the year before. The big
acquisition in 2013 was Nielsens buying
Arbitron, which accounted for about
75% of total Top 25 M&A revenue. The
top year for acquisitions was 2008,
just before the start of the worldwide
recession. Acquisitions were mostly
small in 2013, which trend is in keeping
with most firms strategy of backing
and filling internationally.
T
he top five firms (excluding IMS, which
did not reveal its acquisitions) made 14
of 21 M&As this year (or two-thirds of
the total by count). Kantar led the list
with six, followed by GfK with three and
Ipsos with two. Nielsen also had two,
including the big Arbitron buy.
P
roductivity continues to be flat. In
2013, productivity averaged US$ 176,000
in revenue per full-time employee.
Productivity has been relatively flat
over the last six years (despite a dip in
2009). More efficient and less costly
software, more data collection via the
internet and more business-focused
management have all played a part.
TOP 25 COMPANIES
TOP 25 COMPANIES
RANK
ORGANISATION
HEADQUARTERS
PARENT
COUNTRY
RESEARCH-ONLY
FULL-TIME
EMPLOYEES 1
GLOBAL RESEARCH
REVENUES 2
(US$ MILLIONS)
PERCENT CHANGE
FROM 2012 3
HOME
US$ IN MILLIONS
COUNTRY %
2013
1
2012
1
USA
36,700
$6,045.0
4.0%
$2,850.4
47.2%
USA
35,400
5,569.0
3.9
2,844.2
51.1
Arbitron Inc.,
Columbia, Va.
USA
1,300
476.0
5.8
6.2
1.3
Kantar*
UK
22,800
3,389.2
1.6
2,436.6
71.9
63.2
Danbury, Conn.
USA
10,000
2,544.0
6.1
1,609.0
Ipsos SA
Paris
France
15,536
2,274.2
0.8
2,116.9
93.1
GfK SE
Nuremberg
Germany
12,940
1,985.2
0.8
1,389.6
70.0
Chicago
USA
4,635
845.1
4.1
341.4
40.4
Westat Inc.
Rockville, Md.
USA
2,044
582.5
17.0
18.8
3.2
dunnhumby Ltd.
London
UK
715
453.7
8.8
347.0
76.5
Tokyo
Japan
2,527
435.5
6.5
24.2
5.6
10
10
USA
1,282
287.7
5.4
85.4
29.7
29.3
11
11
comScore Inc.
Reston, Va.
USA
1,166
286.9
15.7
84.1
12
15
USA
738
258.3
2.5
85.4
33.1
13
13
IBOPE Group
Sao Paulo
Brazil
3,296
231.1
3.4
51.7
22.4
14
14
Fairfax, Va.
USA
908
225.3
-6.0
53.3
23.7
15
13
Tokyo
Japan
414
204.0
-0.3
16
19
Horsham, Penn.
USA
548
198.7
-1.3
2.2
1.1
17
16
Macromill Inc.
Tokyo
Japan
864
184.7
10.6
20.1
10.9
18
17
Maritz Research
Fenton, Mo.
USA
757
177.6
-6.0
38.7
21.8
19
18
Cambridge, Mass.
USA
1,138
172.8
-1.6
17.1
9.9
20
Burlington, Mass.
USA
625
150.3
4.2
42.2
28.1
21
20
New York
USA
542
139.7
-0.7
53.6
38.4
22
24
ORC International
Princeton, N.J.
USA
494
122.0
-0.8
40.1
32.9
23
22
Mediametrie
Paris
France
705
106.1
2.0
14.9
14.0
24
25
London
UK
524
101.4
6.0
71.3
70.3
25
21
Los Angeles
USA
Total
412
100.3
-1.5
32.3
32.2
122,301
$21,501.3
3.4%
$11,826.3
55.0%
Estimated.
For fiscal year ending March 2014.
1
Includes some non-research employees
2
Total revenues that include non-research activities for some companies are significantly higher.
3
Rate of growth from year to year has been adjusted so as not to include revenue gains or losses from acquisitions or
divestitures. Rate of growth is based on home country currency and excludes currency exchange effects and M&As.
*
**
78
79
6. KEY FINANCIAL
FIGURES
The key financial figures provide profit and loss data
and key ratios for the top 10 companies, alongside key
information on the companies and their leadership
teams.
80
81
Company
Headquarters
Website
www.nielsen.com
Listed on
Leadership team
Millions US$
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2009
2013
4,800
4,400
4,000
3,600
million US$
3,200
2,800
2,400
2,000
(IN US$M)
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Revenue
Other income
5,703
5,590
5,532
5,126
4,808
Total income
5,703
5,590
5,532
5,126
4,808
Cost of revenue
Selling and general administrative
Other operating expenses
-2,398
-1,815
-629
-2,273
-1,758
-597
-2,237
-1,888
-613
-2,129
-1,648
-619
-2,023
-1,523
-1,146
-4,842
-4,628
-4,738
-4,396
-4,692
Operating Profit
Non-operating income / expense
861
-34
962
-18
794
3
730
33
116
-101
827
944
797
763
15
Interest income
Interest expense
Income tax benefit / expense
2
-309
-89
4
-531
-144
15
-705
-22
5
-660
46
7
-644
195
431
273
85
154
-427
305
-1
-22
-61
736
272
86
132
-488
1.39
0.6
12.9%
36,700
0.96
0.5
4.9%
34,000
1.0
0.5
1.6%
35,000
1.0
0.3
2.6%
34,000
1.0
0.2
-10.1%
34,000
20,054
8,000
2,457
3,882
-14,353
1,600
1,200
800
400
0
82
The Nielsen
Company
Kantar
Ipsos SA
GfK
Gartner, Inc.
IRI
Westat Inc.
83
2. KANTAR
4. IPSOS
Company
Company
IPSOS SA
Headquarters
London (UK)
Headquarters
Paris (France)
Website
www.kantar.com
Website
www.ipsos.com
Parent company
WPP Plc
Listed on
Euronext Paris
Listed on
Leadership team
Leadership team
(IN GBPM)
(IN EURM)
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Revenue
Other income
1,712
1
1,790
1,363
1,141
944
Total income
1,713
1,790
1,363
1,141
944
Cost of revenue
Selling and general administrative
Other Operating Expenses
-615
-917
-23
-642
-969
-42
-491
-711
-29
-418
-603
-3
-354
-501
-2
-1,555
-1,653
-1,231
-1,024
-857
Operating Profit
Non-operating income/ expense
158
-99
137
-28
132
-7
117
-16
87
-10
59
109
125
101
77
Interest income
Interest expense
59
109
125
101
77
-34
-27
-34
-28
-18
Net Income
25
82
91
73
59
1.8
0.7
1.5%
15,536
1.6
0.7
4.6%
15,927
1.6
0.7
6.7%
16,569
1.6
0.9
6.4%
9,498
1.5
0.9
6.3%
8,761
1,609
5,148
5,517
7,686
6,734
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Revenue
Other income
2,550
2,460
2,458
2,430
2,297
Total income
2,550
2,460
2,458
2,430
2,297
Note 2014: in Q1 2014, WPPs data investment management division generated revenues of GBP 566 million, a drop
of 3.8% compared to Q1 2013.
(IN US$M)
Company
Headquarters
Danbury (USA)
Website
www.imshealth.com
Listed on
Leadership team
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Revenue
Other income
2,544
2,443
2,364
1,869
2,190
Total income
2,544
2,443
2,364
1,869
2,190
Note 2011: External revenues (Synovate Ltd and Synovate Inc) for Q4 are included
Note 2014: In Q1 2014, Ipsos generated revenues of EUR 343.3 million, a drop of 4.5% compared Q1 2013.
Note: 2009 - 2013 revenues have been re-stated as IMS Health has become public again in April 2013 with a listing on the New York
Stock Exchange, reporting full-year revenues.
Note 2014: In Q1 2014, IMS Health generated revenues of US$ 645 million, an increase of 6.6% compared to Q1 2013.
84
85
5. GFK
6. GARTNER INC.
Company
GFK
Company
GARTNER INC.
Headquarters
Nuremberg (Germany)
Headquarters
Stamford (USA)
Website
www.gfk.com
Website
www.gartner.com
Listed on
Listed on
Leadership team
Leadership team
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Revenue
Other income
1,531
1,442
1,320
1,167
1,039
Total income
1,531
1,442
1,320
1,167
1,039
(IN EURM)
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Revenue
Other income
1,495
5
1,515
11
1,374
18
1,294
20
1,165
24
Total income
1,500
1,526
1,392
1,314
1,189
Cost of revenue
Selling and general administrative
Other Operating Expenses
-1,008
-328
-137
-1,030
-323
-42
-924
-288
-41
-872
-268
-37
-813
-250
-36
-1,473
-1,395
-1,253
-1,177
-1,099
Operating Profit
Non-operating income/ expense
27
2
131
-1
139
4
137
3
89
4
29
130
143
140
93
Interest income
Interest expense
17
-42
24
-45
12
-29
12
-28
6
-23
Company
Headquarters
Note: For the full year 2013, Gartner generated total revenues of US $1,784 million.
This is segmented into 3 business segments: Gartner Research, Gartner Consulting and Gartner Events.
Gartner Events is being excluded from the table above; these non-research revenues cover the events held by Gartner.
Gartner Consulting is aligned to the key initatives addressed by Gartner Research.
Note 2014: In Q1 2014, Gartner generated revenues of US$ 447 million, an increase of 10.0% compared to Q1 2013.
7. IRI
109
126
124
76
Website
www.symphonyiri.com
-46
-44
-37
-41
-15
Net Income
-42
65
89
83
61
Listed on
Privately owned
Leadership team
1.1
0.6
-2.8%
12,904
0.8
0.7
4.3%
12,678
1.0
0.8
6.5%
11,457
0.9
0.7
6.4%
10,377
0.8
0.6
5.2%
10,058
-3,255
5,088
7,768
7,998
6,065
Note 2014: In Q1 2014, GfK generated revenues of EUR 334.9 million, a drop of 0.7% compared to Q1 2013.
*
86
(IN US$M)
(IN US$M)
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Revenue
Other income
845
764
764
727
706
Total income
845
764
764
727
706
87
8. WESTSTAT INC.
9. INTAGE INC.
Company
WESTSTAT INC.
Company
INTAGE INC.
Headquarters
Rockville, Md (USA)
Headquarters
Tokyo (Japan)
Website
www.westat.com
Website
www.intage.co.jp
Listed on
Employee owned
Listed on
Leadership team
Leadership team
(IN US$M)
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Revenue
Other income
583
496
507
455
502
Total income
583
496
507
455
502
(IN YENM)*
2013/2014
2012/2013
2011/2012
2010/11
2009/10
Revenue
Other income
42,508
39,930
36,658
36,538
34,526
Total income
42,508
39,930
36,658
36,538
34,526
Cost of revenue
Selling and general administrative
Other Operating Expenses
-31,107
-7,895
0
-29,121
-7,500
-121
-25,875
-7,898
-26,022
-7,051
-24,139
-7,131
-39,002
-36,742
-33,773
-33,073
-31,270
Operating Profit
Non-operating income/ expense
3,506
-132
3,188
-533
2,885
-47
3,465
-18
3,256
-181
3,374
2,655
2,838
3,447
3,075
Interest income
Interest expense
6
-51
5
-56
3,075
3,329
2,604
2,838
3,447
-1687
-1,354
-1,514
-1,533
1,389
Net Income
1,642
1,250
1,324
1,914
1,683
1.7
1.0
3.9%
2.4
1.1
3.1%
3.6%
5.2%
4.9%
88
2,527
2,465
2,271
1,977
649,782
508,316
583,003
968,134
1,966
856,053
89
7. INDUSTRY
JOURNAL
Headquarters
Framingham (USA)
Website
www.idc.com
Listed on
Privately owned
Leadership team
90
(IN US$M)
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Revenue
Other income
421
401
378
345
321
Total income
421
401
378
345
321
91
2013
02 FEBRUARY
04 APRIL
N
ielsen loses Australian radio contract to
KEY
O ther
New business
Standards and
governments
affairs
Merger /
acquisition /
alliance
Appointments /
people
GfK
database
F
TC creates guide for mobile app developers
in the USA
A
frican Union releases draft convention on
data protection
E
SOMAR and EFAMRO visit key Parliament
officials negotiating EU data protection
framework
neuroscience approach
Ipsos opens SMX Social Media Research
Division in the UK, the US, France, Germany
F
TC finalises settlement with web analytics
firm Compete
06 JUNE
and China
08 AUGUST
V
ision Critical names Donna de Winter as
CFO
03 MARCH
Semantelli
Vision Critical teams ups with Dentsu to
offer communities in Japan
respondents
ESOMAR and WAPOR release the Making
Public Polling Matter in Georgia report,
T
NS wins Qual Eurobarometer for another
four years
F
acebook secures off-line data to enhance
ad offer
05 MAY
INTAGE strikes alliance with New Delhibased R.S. Market Research Solutions
G
MI launches tracking survey checker
Ipsos opens APAC employee research
division
Harte-Hanks
FAQs on COPPA
Ipsos Mori denies claims of selling personal
data from customer of the EE mobile phone
network
07 JULY
T
NS appoints Richard Ingleton as new global
CEO
G
ayle Fuguitt named ARF president and CEO
92
93
09 SEPTEMBER
P
ricewaterhouse to buy Booz consulting firm
2014
01 JANUARY
03 MARCH
N
ielsen announces successful completion of
YouGov expands MENA omnibus surveys to
KEY
O ther
Merger /
acquisition /
alliance
Appointments /
people
political polls
panelist profiles
in 2013
New business
Standards and
governments
affairs
Arbitron acquisition
11 NOVEMBER
experience labs
consumers
effect
equity group
YouGov acquires Decision Fuel
chief executive
12 DECEMBER
10 OCTOBER
non-payment of invoices
and Ghana
of Harris Interactive
3.8%
GfK Q1 revenues down by 2.7%
02 FEBRUARY
ratings deal
up from 2 to 10
SurveyMonkey sues MarketTools for alleged
04 APRIL
Integrasco
95
05 MAY
G
artner posts 10% increase in Q1 revenue
George Terhanian named group president
KEY
O ther
S
urveyMonkey opens first Asia Pacific office
in Australia
New business
Standards and
governments
affairs
Merger /
acquisition /
alliance
Appointments /
people
E
uropean Court of Justice rules that Google
must respect right to be forgotten
G
oogle offers link removal form to comply
07 JULY
8. ANNEX
The methodology, national, regional, and global figures,
data on client spend, spend by research method, project
and design. Also data on GDP growth, exchange rates
and inflation.
revenue
rival Distimo
F
ormer researcher Mark Fields becomes
Ford CEO
06 JUNE
C
omScore tracking suit settlement figure
pegged at US$ 14 million
S
chlesinger and M/A/R/C fund new young
professionals grant
R
wandas first female researchers receive
MRS accreditation
O
n Device Research introduces mobile
metrics
H
all & Partners launches predictive
modelling platform
E
SOMAR and WAPOR consult on updated
ESOMAR/WAPOR Guideline on Opinion Polls
and Published Surveys
N
ew UK copyright laws give researchers
right to data mine
96
97
ANNEX METHODOLOGY
8.1
METHODOLOGY
8.2
The ESOMAR Global Market Research study measures market research turnover
of the industry at national, regional and global levels and covers work conducted
by market research companies or institutes. It does not include work conducted
by non-commercial institutes (e.g. universities and government departments)
and research performed by non-research companies (e.g. advertising agencies
and management consultancies) that use their own resources for carrying out
research. To avoid double counting of international research turnover, work
subcontracted to research companies outside the country is not included in the
statistical analysis of the domestic research turnover.
The data
The data was provided by national market
research associations, leading companies,
independent analysts and ESOMAR
representatives from around the world.
Estimates have been validated by crosschecking between sources. Partial market
turnover data was available for countries
comprising less than half a percent of
the global market. GDP growth derived
estimates have been used for these
countries.
Calculations and presentation of figures
All trends and developments in this report
are based on turnover in US Dollars whilst
table 8.2.9 shows turnover figures in
Euros, too. Most countries reported their
turnover in local currency, or in US Dollars
and provided the exchange rate used for
conversion. The average exchange rate
provided by the International Monetary
Fund (IMF) was used for conversion into
US Dollars and Euros. Growth rates are
adjusted for inflation using the IMFs
official rates (i.e. average annual changes).
To eliminate the effect of exchange rate
fluctuations, growth rates are calculated in
the following way:
98
A
bsolute and net growth rates per
country are based on turnover in local
currencies for 2012 and 2013; for the net
growth rates, 2012 turnover is adjusted
using the local inflation rates for 2013.
F
or regional and global rates, the
turnover for 2012 and 2013 was
converted into US Dollars using the
2013 exchange rate.
Please note that the US Dollar turnover
figures in the annex tables have not been
corrected for exchange rate fluctuations
or inflation, meaning that the presented
growth rates cannot be calculated using
the values in the report.
Tables
Some questions were not answered by all
countries and those that did not answer a
question are excluded from the relevant
tables. In numerous tables, weighted
totals are presented on the proportion
of turnover allocated to e.g. different
research methods or design. Turnover
figures are used for weighting the data of
each country that responded to a particular
question. Some totals may not add up to
100% due to rounding.
8.2.1 Global market research turnover and growth rates per region
Growth rates calculated in local currencies, net growth is adjusted using local inflation rates
Turnover (US$m)
Absolute
growth
(%)
Net
growth
(%)
REGION
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2012/13
2012/13
EU 15
New EU member states
Other Europe
Europe total
11,720
564
802
11,710
606
879
14,592
657
1,037
13,978
654
1,079
14,177
686
1,143
-0.2
2.0
8.1
-1.9
0.4
3.4
13,086
13,196
16,286
15,711
16,005
0.4
-1.4
North America
Asia Pacific
Latin America
Africa
Middle East
13,641
4,525
1,403
265
253
13,897
5,168
1,688
334
261
14,726
5,893
1,901
387
273
15,067
6,237
1,979
401
265
15,705
5,998
1,920
382
277
4.4
3.9
6.6
5.0
4.2
2.9
1.6
-0.1
-1.2
-1.2
World
33,173
34,544
39,466
39,660
40,287
2.8
0.7
-3.7%
5.2%
3.8%
3.2%
2.8%
-4.6%
2.8%
0.4%
0.7%
0.7%
99
Growth rates calculated in local currencies, net growth is adjusted using local inflation rates
Growth rates calculated in local currencies, net growth is adjusted using local inflation rates
Absolute
Net
growth (%) growth (%)
Turnover (US$m)
EUROPE
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2012/13
2012/13
EU 15
United Kingdom
Germany
France
Italy
Spain
Sweden
Netherlands
Belgium
Denmark
Austria
Finland
Ireland
Greece
Portugal
Luxembourg
3,248
2,897
2,500
757
657
363
365
197
156
156
130
95
107
86
7
3,185
2,889
2,533
771
684
369
359
201
155
169
120
86
96
86
7
5,237
3,325
2,793
807
679
427
346
215
170
188
126
89
94
86
8
5,076
3,321
2,568
749
568
462
352
197
161
158
113
93
76
77
8
5,065
3,468
2,679
717
558
457
375
188
168
155
113
87
77
62
8
1.1
1.1
1.1
-7.2
-5.0
-4.9
3.2
-7.7
1.2
-4.6
-2.9
-8.7
-2.2
-22.1
3.7
-1.4
-0.5
0.1
-8.4
-6.4
-4.9
0.6
-8.8
0.4
-6.6
-5.0
-9.1
-1.3
-22.4
2.0
EU 15 total
11,720
11,710
14,592
13,978
14,177
-0.2
-1.9
Poland
Czech Republic
Hungary
Romania
Bulgaria
Slovakia
Croatia
Slovenia
Lithuania
Estonia
Latvia
Cyprus
191
105
78
47
29
28
26
18
16
13
7
4
227
118
75
48
31
28
24
18
13
13
8
4
233
120
91
53
38
32
25
19
14
14
14
4
205
109
95
93
43
31
23
17
14
14
8
3
217
110
99
99
47
33
25
17
15
14
8
2
2.6
0.9
2.2
2,0
5.7
2.4
3.4
-3.3
3.6
-0.4
1.8
-36.7
1.7
-0.6
0.5
-1.9
5.3
0.9
1.2
-4.9
2.4
-3.8
1.7
-36.9
564
606
657
654
686
2.0
0.4
258
202
123
142
34
44
315
196
147
148
37
37
361
242
186
159
48
42
391
235
187
146
61
58
429
238
200
145
69
61
13.0
0.0
12.9
0.6
12.9
7.9
5.8
0.2
5.0
-1.5
2.0
8.2
Other Europe
Russia
Switzerland
Turkey
Norway
Other European Countries
Ukraine
Other Europe total
Europe
100
802
879
1,037
1,079
1,143
8.1
3.4
13,086
13,196
16,286
15,711
16,005
0.4
-1.4
Absolute
Net
growth (%) growth (%)
Turnover (US$m)
NORTH AMERICA
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2012/13
2012/13
USA
Canada
13,042
599
13,195
702
13,944
782
14,388
679
14,991
714
4.2
8.4
2.7
7.4
North America
13,641
13,897
14,726
15,067
15,705
4.4
2.9
Turnover (US$m)
ASIA PACIFIC
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2012/13
2012/13
Japan
China
Australia
South Korea
India
Thailand
Singapore
Indonesia
Hong Kong
Malaysia
Philippines
Taiwan
New Zealand
1,769
974
576
295
174
114
58
78
88
73
70
86
74
1,916
1,192
657
360
170
135
78
101
97
91
81
88
84
2,126
1,413
737
372
249
143
100
120
107
102
90
97
97
2,234
1,544
733
366
263
154
131
134
119
113
100
99
93
1,843
1,686
699
374
252
168
138
135
120
115
107
97
93
0.9
7.2
2.0
-0.7
8.4
7.6
4.9
12.5
0.8
3.8
8.5
-1.3
-0.7
0.5
4.4
-0.4
-2.0
-1.0
5.3
2.5
5.7
-3.4
1.6
5.4
-2.1
-1.8
Commonwealth of
Independent States
36
41
47
52
58
12.1
6.0
Georgia
Vietnam
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Sri Lanka
Cambodia
Myanmar
Laos
2
30
12
8
5
3
2
1
4
42
14
9
5
3
2
1
3
53
14
12
7
4
2
2
4
52
18
11
7
6
5
3
3
55
20
16
7
7
6
3
-2.9
3.8
19.3
38.0
-6.4
14.5
58.7
21.7
-2.4
-2.6
11.1
28.4
-12.5
11.2
50.0
14.3
Asia Pacific
4,525
5,168
5,893
6,237
5,998
3.9
1.6
101
Growth rates calculated in local currencies, net growth is adjusted using local inflation rates
Growth rates calculated in local currencies, net growth is adjusted using local inflation rates
Absolute
Net
growth (%) growth (%)
Turnover (US$m)
LATIN AMERICA
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2012/13
2012/13
Brazil
Mexico
Colombia
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Peru
Ecuador
Uruguay
Dominican Republic
Costa Rica
Guatemala
Bolivia
Panama
Paraguay
El Salvador
Honduras
Nicaragua
540
370
111
123
92
73
42
0
9
0
8
8
6
6
3
6
2
2
716
429
141
96
85
89
51
25
11
0
10
8
6
7
4
6
3
2
777
465
158
109
101
132
63
25
13
11
9
9
7
6
5
5
3
3
823
457
171
134
115
106
73
28
13
10
10
9
7
6
5
5
3
3
724
460
173
130
125
117
85
31
14
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
3
3
3.2
-2.4
5.5
38.9
10.2
32.5
18.7
11.0
8.3
16.1
8.0
2.5
9.5
11.2
16.0
1.6
0.8
1.6
-2.8
-5.9
3.4
-1.3
8.3
19.7
15.5
8.1
-0.2
10.8
2.6
-1.7
3.6
6.9
13.0
0.8
-4.2
-5.4
Latin America
1,403
1,688
1,901
1,979
1,920
6.6
-0.1
Absolute
Net
growth (%) growth (%)
Turnover (US$m)
AFRICA
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2012/13
2012/13
South Africa
West Africa
Nigeria
East Africa
Kenya
Maghreb
Sadec
156
46
19
34
0
20
9
219
48
27
35
30
22
11
254
59
35
36
23
25
13
249
67
46
45
30
25
15
219
73
54
46
27
27
17
3.6
9.0
14.3
3.3
-8.8
4.4
13.0
-2.0
7.3
5.3
-11.4
-13.7
1.1
4.5
Africa
265
334
387
401
382
5.0
-1.2
Absolute
Net
growth (%) growth (%)
Turnover (US$m)
MIDDLE EAST
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2012/13
2012/13
GCC
Israel
Egypt
Iran
Levant
Lebanon
Iraq
113
51
36
22
12
4
20
116
53
37
22
13
6
20
135
50
36
31
14
7
7
148
46
34
20
8
5
9
159
49
31
24
9
7
5
7.2
0.0
-1.7
20.0
12.5
43.3
-44.4
4.4
-1.5
-8.0
-11.2
8.0
38.9
-45.5
Middle East
253
261
273
265
277
4.2
-1.2
102
103
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
USA
United Kingdom
Germany
France
Japan
China
Brazil
Italy
Canada
Australia
Spain
Netherlands
Mexico
Sweden
Russia
South Korea
India
Switzerland
South Africa
Poland
Turkey
Belgium
Colombia
Denmark
Thailand
Austria
Norway
Singapore
Indonesia
Venezuela
Chile
Hong Kong
Argentina
Malaysia
Finland
Czech Republic
Philippines
Hungary
Romania
Taiwan
New Zealand
2009
13,042
3,248
2,897
2,500
1,769
974
540
757
599
576
657
365
370
363
258
295
174
202
156
191
123
197
111
156
114
156
142
58
78
123
92
88
73
73
130
105
70
78
47
86
74
2010
2011
2012
2009
14,991
5,065
3,468
2,679
1,843
1,686
724
717
714
699
558
478
460
457
429
374
252
238
219
217
200
188
173
168
168
155
145
138
135
130
125
120
117
115
113
110
107
99
99
97
93
9,364
2,332
2,080
1,795
1,270
699
388
543
430
414
472
262
266
261
186
212
125
145
112
137
88
142
80
112
82
112
102
42
56
88
66
63
53
52
94
75
50
56
34
62
53
Some turnover figures have been updated since last years publication.
Figures may not sum up to totals due to rounding.
104
2010
2011
2012
2013
11,287
3,813
2,611
2,017
1,387
1,269
545
540
538
526
420
360
346
344
323
282
190
179
165
163
150
141
130
126
126
117
109
104
102
98
94
90
88
86
85
83
81
75
74
73
70
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
Ireland
Peru
Greece
Portugal
Ukraine
Vietnam
Nigeria
Israel
Bulgaria
Slovakia
Egypt
Ecuador
Kenya
Croatia
Iran
Pakistan
Slovenia
Bangladesh
Lithuania
Estonia
Uruguay
95
42
107
86
44
30
19
51
29
28
36
na
na
26
22
12
18
8
16
13
9
86
51
96
86
37
42
27
53
31
28
37
25
30
24
22
14
18
9
13
13
11
89
63
94
86
42
53
35
50
38
32
36
25
23
25
31
14
19
12
14
14
13
93
73
76
77
58
52
46
46
43
31
34
28
30
23
20
18
17
11
14
14
13
87
85
77
62
61
55
54
49
47
33
31
31
27
25
24
20
17
16
15
14
14
68
30
77
62
31
22
14
36
21
na
14
0
0
na
16
8
13
6
12
10
6
65
38
72
65
28
32
21
40
23
23
21
19
23
19
17
11
13
6
10
10
9
64
45
67
62
30
38
25
36
27
23
26
18
17
18
22
10
13
9
10
10
9
72
57
59
60
45
41
36
36
33
24
26
21
23
18
16
14
13
9
11
11
10
66
64
58
47
46
41
41
37
35
25
23
23
20
19
18
15
13
12
11
11
11
63
Dominican
Republic
11
10
11
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
Costa Rica
Guatemala
Latvia
Luxembourg
Bolivia
Sri Lanka
Lebanon
Panama
Cambodia
Myanmar
Paraguay
El Salvador
Iraq
Georgia
Honduras
Laos
Nicaragua
Cyprus
8
8
7
7
6
5
4
6
3
2
3
6
20
2
2
1
2
4
10
8
8
7
6
5
6
7
3
2
4
6
20
4
3
1
2
4
9
9
14
8
7
7
7
6
4
2
5
5
7
3
3
2
3
4
10
9
8
8
7
7
5
6
6
5
5
5
9
4
3
3
3
3
10
9
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
6
6
5
5
3
3
3
3
2
6
6
5
5
4
3
3
4
2
1
2
4
14
1
2
1
2
3
8
6
6
5
5
4
4
5
3
2
3
4
15
3
2
1
2
3
6
6
10
6
5
5
5
4
3
1
4
4
5
2
2
1
2
3
7
7
6
6
5
6
4
5
4
3
4
4
7
3
2
2
2
2
8
7
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
3
2
2
2
1
105
118.42
558.67
492.89
na
301.78
na
84.81
79.90
na
389.20
81.01
32.94
na
na
na
na
na
389.21
na
8.87
na
78.85
324.27
262.10
na
307.71
121.59
14.76
na
755.99
83.84
3.93
28.19
na
na
132.79
161.10
24.73
312.76
na
2.4%
5.4%
3.7%
na
5.6%
na
4.3%
8.1%
na
5.2%
8.8%
3.8%
na
na
na
na
na
7.7%
na
4.2%
na
13.9%
6.4%
16.1%
na
13.9%
5.7%
3.9%
na
2.2%
12.0%
5.2%
1.9%
na
na
4.7%
7.5%
2.4%
4.6%
na
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
COUNTRY
MR as %
of ad spend
2.82
30.10
18.32
0.10
16.82
0.69
3.65
6.45
0.43
20.34
7.11
1.24
3.67
2.19
5.75
2.15
10.48
30.03
1.95
0.37
0.85
10.96
20.71
42.09
0.75
42.92
6.96
0.58
0.38
16.57
10.07
0.20
0.55
0.31
18.28
6.23
12.02
0.60
14.47
0.44
Ad spend per
capita (US$)
MR as %
of ad spend
41
23
8
156
11
11
198
7
15
35
18
1,361
47
5
4
1
11
6
16
84
6
1
5
64
4
81
11
15
8
7
10
1,243
248
77
5
8
60
44
127
7
MR spend per
capita (US$)
Ad spend per
capita (US$)
4,914
12,965
4,182
na
3,369
na
16,817
578
na
13,663
1,422
44,821
na
na
na
na
na
2,176
na
747
na
101
1,768
16,685
na
24,863
1,345
228
na
5,476
828
4,884
6,991
na
na
1,045
9,615
1,097
39,827
na
Population**
in 2013 (m)
MR spend per
capita (US$)
117
699
155
16
188
8
724
47
7
714
125
1,686
173
10
25
2
110
168
31
31
5
14
113
2,679
3
3,468
77
9
3
120
99
252
135
24
87
49
717
27
1,843
3
Adspend*
in 2013 (US$m)
Population**
in 2013 (m)
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Bangladesh
Belgium
Bolivia
Brazil
Bulgaria
Cambodia
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Finland
France
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Iran
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Kenya
Japan
Laos
MR turnover
in 2013 (US$m)
Adspend*
in 2013 (US$m)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
COUNTRY
MR turnover
in 2013 (US$m)
Latvia
Lebanon
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malaysia
Mexico
Myanmar
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
United Kingdom
Ukraine
Uruguay
USA
Venezuela
Vietnam
8
7
15
8
115
460
6
375
93
3
54
145
20
7
6
85
107
217
62
99
429
138
33
17
219
374
558
7
457
238
97
168
200
5,065
61
14
14,991
130
55
na
518
131
na
na
na
na
na
1,772
115
na
3,141
na
na
na
715
na
2,748
2,845
447
11,223
na
na
275
4,327
na
5,664
na
3,915
4,064
2,086
4,001
na
24,526
1,205
na
158,551
na
1,073
2
4
3
1
30
118
65
17
4
6
169
5
183
4
7
31
97
39
11
21
143
5
5
2
53
50
47
21
10
8
23
68
76
64
45
3
316
30
90
4.06
1.52
5.09
15.08
3.88
3.89
0.10
22.32
20.84
0.44
0.32
28.52
0.11
1.78
0.89
2.74
1.10
5.62
5.85
4.64
3.00
25.48
6.13
8.19
4.14
7.45
11.97
0.33
47.42
29.77
4.15
2.46
2.61
79.03
1.34
4.13
47.38
4.35
0.61
na
115.87
44.15
na
na
na
na
na
395.67
18.75
na
616.41
na
na
na
23.10
na
71.30
268.04
21.01
78.52
na
na
133.56
81.68
na
121.51
na
406.32
507.77
89.24
58.63
na
382.70
26.57
na
501.15
na
11.96
na
1.3%
11.5%
na
na
na
na
na
5.3%
2.3%
na
4.6%
na
na
na
11.9%
na
7.9%
2.2%
22.1%
3.8%
na
na
6.1%
5.1%
na
9.8%
na
11.7%
5.9%
4.6%
4.2%
na
20.6%
5.0%
na
9.5%
na
5.1%
* Source: WARC
** Source: IMF
106
107
COUNTRY
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Bangladesh
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Finland
France
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
India
Italy
Japan
Kenya
Lebanon
Turnover within
the country (%)
Subcontracted
outside the
country (%)
Turnover within
the country
(US$m)
Subcontracted
outside the
country (US$m)
Total Turnover
(US$m)
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
COUNTRY
80
90
90
85
83
85
95
93
95
91
97
86
85
85
96
65
37
97
94
90
70
92
90
98
71
84
20
10
10
15
17
15
5
7
5
9
4
14
15
15
4
35
63
3
6
10
30
8
10
2
29
16
117
699
155
16
188
724
714
25
2
110
31
31
5
113
2,679
3
3,468
77
9
3
120
252
717
1,843
27
7
29
78
17
3
38
128
38
2
0
11
1
5
1
20
112
2
5,905
2
1
0
51
22
80
38
11
1
146
776
173
19
226
852
752
26
2
121
32
36
6
133
2,791
5
9,372
79
9
3
171
274
797
1,880
38
8
Malaysia
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Singapore
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Turkey
Ukraine
Uruguay
Vietnam
Turnover within
the country (%)
Subcontracted
outside the
country (%)
Turnover within
the country
(US$m)
Subcontracted
outside the
country (US$m)
Total Turnover
(US$m)
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
94
96
79
85
92
98
85
96
94
85
90
97
55
90
92
80
96
99
93
92
97
92
95
98
75
6
4
21
15
8
2
15
4
6
15
10
3
45
10
8
20
4
1
7
8
3
8
5
2
25
115
375
93
3
54
20
7
85
217
62
99
429
138
17
219
374
558
7
457
238
97
200
61
14
55
7
16
25
0
5
0
1
4
14
11
11
13
113
2
19
94
23
0
34
21
3
17
3
0
18
122
390
118
3
59
21
8
88
230
73
110
443
250
19
238
468
581
7
491
259
100
217
64
14
73
108
109
8.3
110
DOMESTIC
CLIENTS (%)
INTERNATIONAL
CLIENTS (%)
85
89
86
95
40
48
90
70
88
75
90
80
15
11
14
5
60
52
10
30
12
25
10
20
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Bangladesh
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Costa Rica
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
70
92
85
80
70
90
50
65
60
75
85
70
30
8
15
20
30
10
50
35
40
25
15
30
Malaysia
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Portugal
Romania
El Salvador
65
35
Russia
70
30
Finland
France
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
India
Indonesia
Italy
Japan
Kenya
Lebanon
85
83
80
65
85
40
20
68
85
90
97
55
76
15
17
20
35
15
60
80
32
15
10
3
45
24
Singapore
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Turkey
Ukraine
Uruguay
Vietnam
80
76
90
97
80
80
81
86
90
88
98
23
90
20
24
10
3
20
20
19
14
10
12
2
77
10
Weighted total
81
19
COUNTRY
COUNTRY
111
Austria
Bangladesh
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Costa Rica
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
85
90
67
80
57
75
75
95
85
95
98
15
10
33
20
43
25
25
5
15
5
2
El Salvador
85
15
Finland
France
GCC
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Kenya
80
88
80
75
69
87
50
20
80
84
20
12
20
25
31
13
50
80
20
16
COUNTRY
Lebanon
Malaysia
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Singapore
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Taiwan
Turkey
United Kingdom
Uruguay
Vietnam
76
85
90
95
85
80
70
95
91
90
91
94
75
82
93
95
84
90
98
62
97
95
24
15
10
5
15
20
30
5
9
10
9
6
25
18
7
5
16
10
2
38
3
5
Weighted total
75
25
Please note that not all countries provided data. Figures may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
Domestic projects: fieldwork conducted with respondents in home country.
International projects: fieldwork conducted with respondents in one country or more, including the home country.
112
113
Slovenia
18
2
15
3
3
0
3
3
13
0
0
5
0
7
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Switzerland
Taiwan
Turkey
United Kingdom
Ukraine
Uruguay
USA
Vietnam
63
36
45
47
28
50
54
43
70
44
42
70
1
5
1
6
8
5
4
6
1
0
6
5
3
4
5
5
6
5
6
5
2
3
3
2
9
4
3
12
9
8
6
7
5
3
7
5
1
2
3
0
4
5
0
2
1
2
0
0
Weighted total
44
5
7
21
10
10
13
4
5
5
7
8
5
9
20
11
15
20
7
6
9
1
8
7
15
6
3
6
14
4
5
11
14
4
6
2
5
4
28
7
5
18
10
5
14
4
10
8
0
8
Other
11
6
2
7
3
5
3
1
1
1
1
1
3
Research institutes
5
0
0
3
11
8
2
1
20
2
0
14
8
6
5
12
10
2
5
25
8
5
5
9
7
15
Advertising agencies
3
2
8
0
6
5
4
2
1
1
3
17
4
15
2
18
9
2
5
10
12
5
10
6
9
2
Media
3
19
10
8
8
5
9
2
5
7
10
7
29
6
13
4
12
5
8
7
1
5
3
4
5
Public sector
54
20
32
40
35
25
53
54
60
38
49
40
Telecommunications
5
2
11
3
2
7
6
8
5
1
4
6
5
3
Malaysia
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Singapore
Utilities
3
15
3
13
9
6
22
5
0
6
6
0
7
6
17
0
5
2
0
0
0
0
3
0
4
4
Financial services
2
1
1
1
5
7
10
0
1
5
4
4
1
0
0
2
3
37
6
0
30
6
5
2
1
Wholesale
and retail
8
30
3
4
6
10
15
0
9
4
2
6
7
0
1
2
3
10
1
10
12
1
2
7
4
Business
to business
5
4
8
8
10
14
15
15
9
5
3
12
COUNTRY
Manufacturing
9
5
1
3
3
6
8
5
0
7
0
3
9
3
20
2
10
9
10
9
10
3
4
1
6
6
Other
1
4
0
4
1
7
3
5
0
3
0
3
5
2
6
20
5
4
5
6
10
5
5
15
16
7
Research institutes
5
4
2
2
1
2
0
0
1
1
2
5
Advertising agencies
11
15
6
7
5
18
10
5
7
6
12
5
Media
8
10
45
25
15
7
20
18
7
3
7
10
Public sector
57
12
57
52
42
30
37
59
65
71
36
45
21
0
6
15
10
5
12
5
7
5
2
5
14
Telecommunications
50
GCC
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Italy
Japan
Kenya
Lebanon
Utilities
France
Financial services
28
38
0
27
2
25
20
5
52
60
36
32
Wholesale
and retail
Australia
Bangladesh
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Costa Rica
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Egypt
El Salvador
Finland
Business
to business
COUNTRY
Manufacturing
9
7
3
4
10
4
6
8
4
6
7
5
2
1
3
7
5
5
3
2
2
1
3
3
1
0
0
4
0
0
0
5
4
20
3
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
5
3
1
2
7
28
10
3
3
8
3
9
9
5
8
10
1
22
10
2
5
4
3
8
2
2
0
2
10
2
3
3
5
11
0
4
1
2
0
1
11
0
0
5
5
7
5
2
0
5
1
0
10
8
0
14
Please note that not all countries provided data. Figures may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
Utilities: includes gas, electricity, water and postal services whether public or privately owned
Public sector: includes social research, government departments (national or local), academic and
public institutions
Media/entertainment: includes broadcast media (TV, radio, cable etc., whether public or privately
owned), on-line companies (e.g. Portals, ISPs) and any other media
Research institutes: includes those who offer syndicated services such as retail scanning
Other: includes all other services e.g. charity, travel & tourism, sport & leisure, catering & hospitality,
other professional services, etc.
114
115
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Singapore
Slovenia
15
25
25
31
13
39
42
32
27
26
23
9
57
South Africa
50
1
10
5
5
1
3
3
23
17
5
1
5
0
9
1
2
1
3
7
3
3
1
1
6
0
3
1
0
1
0
1
0
2
9
1
4
12
57
52
42
30
37
65
71
36
45
21
54
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Switzerland
Taiwan
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uruguay
USA
Vietnam
15
30
40
18
25
42
61
32
41
16
46
Weighted total
23
Total Manufacturing
28
38
27
2
25
20
5
52
60
36
32
50
Other Manufacturing
4
3
2
0
0
0
0
2
1
2
2
0
Automotive
1
4
1
4
5
6
4
12
4
5
5
5
4
2
4
0
2
2
0
3
5
1
3
4
Pharmaceutical
Products & Services
10
31
44
31
22
25
50
33
10
25
13
34
7
5
3
1
9
5
1
6
9
1
3
5
Consumer Durables
44
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Indonesia
Italy
Japan
Kenya
Lebanon
Malaysia
COUNTRY
Consumer
Non-Durables
GCC
Total Manufacturing
0
3
5
0
0
3
2
1
3
5
4
1
Other Manufacturing
13
25
13
1
14
10
2
40
42
27
20
40
Automotive
Consumer Durables
Australia
Bangladesh
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Costa Rica
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Egypt
El Salvador
Finland
France
COUNTRY
Pharmaceutical
Products & Services
Consumer
Non-Durables
2
3
3
1
7
4
2
4
2
3
5
2
1
2
6
1
4
4
7
20
7
11
6
3
1
2
3
1
1
5
2
2
2
8
6
4
1
0
3
1
0
1
1
2
0
1
0
0
20
32
40
35
25
53
54
60
38
49
40
18
63
10
8
2
3
10
2
1
0
0
3
5
2
7
2
7
5
3
8
7
0
17
18
7
0
1
0
7
5
0
4
3
4
1
2
0
2
0
3
2
0
0
0
2
0
36
45
47
28
50
54
70
43
44
42
70
12
44
Please note that not all countries provided data. Figures may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
116
117
1
0
3
1
0
1
6
0
0
1
6
0
2
2
0
3
9
1
0
13
10
40
42
27
20
40
44
10
31
44
31
22
25
50
25
34
15
25
COUNTRY
Nigeria
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Romania
Russia
Singapore
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
7
7
7
10
10
7
2
8
3
11
3
6
2
8
4
12
18
9
8
8
2
13
4
11
8
2
1
9
8
3
10
5
2
6
3
8
5
12
0
2
1
7
2
1
1
8
2
2
Total Consumer
Non-Durables
Total Consumer
Non-Durables
1
0
3
2
1
2
0
2
1
3
5
2
1
3
1
2
2
1
0
Other consumer
Non-Durables
Other consumer
Non-Durables
1
3
5
2
2
1
1
5
4
3
7
2
1
3
9
2
4
1
2
Confectionery
Confectionery
4
0
4
9
2
3
8
2
0
8
6
5
1
5
8
4
5
1
2
Tobacco
Tobacco
2
3
14
21
8
9
20
30
2
11
10
10
5
6
22
7
8
6
9
OTC medicines,
Cosmetics and Hygiene
OTC medicines,
Cosmetics and Hygiene
4
4
11
7
14
4
5
5
3
5
10
12
12
6
10
7
6
5
12
Food
Food
Brazil
Costa Rica
Czech Republic
Egypt
El Salvador
Finland
France
GCC
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Indonesia
Kenya
Malaysia
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Beverages
COUNTRY
Beverages
0
1
1
5
3
0
2
1
1
3
1
0
3
1
0
1
2
1
2
0
0
9
2
3
25
31
13
39
42
27
26
23
9
50
15
30
Sri Lanka
12
13
40
Switzerland
Taiwan
Turkey
United Kingdom
Uruguay
Vietnam
0
5
10
4
11
10
10
5
14
8
18
8
5
5
4
0
10
5
2
5
5
0
1
16
0
5
2
0
1
0
1
0
7
20
0
7
18
25
42
32
41
46
Weighted total
23
Please note that not all countries provided data. Figures may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
118
119
8.4
TOTAL QUANTITATIVE
TOTAL QUALITATIVE
OTHER
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Bangladesh
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Costa Rica
Cyprus
Czech Republic
90
69
80
75
80
70
85
78
51
65
65
90
9
23
15
20
10
27
14
22
8
30
30
9
1
8
5
5
10
3
1
0
41
5
5
1
Ecuador
80
17
Egypt
El Salvador
Finland
France
GCC
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Italy
Japan
Kenya
75
70
88
74
80
60
87
89
55
75
75
75
87
85
86
65
20
25
11
10
15
30
12
11
38
22
20
10
12
8
14
30
COUNTRY
TOTAL QUANTITATIVE
TOTAL QUALITATIVE
OTHER
Lebanon
Malaysia
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Portugal
78
73
73
90
80
75
60
82
70
74
84
80
14
22
25
10
16
23
35
16
25
22
14
18
8
5
2
0
4
2
5
2
5
4
2
2
Romania
68
26
5
5
1
16
5
10
1
0
7
3
5
15
1
7
0
5
Singapore
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uruguay
USA
Venezuela
Vietnam
75
85
86
81
84
80
86
86
70
86
85
67
78
68
92
85
20
13
11
17
11
15
12
10
25
12
15
11
15
19
8
15
5
2
3
2
5
5
2
4
5
2
0
22
7
13
0
0
Weighted total
74
16
10
Please note that not all countries provided data. Figures may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
120
121
8.4.2 S
pend by research method
breakdown of quantitative and qualitative methods (%)
10
36
27
5
8
0
9
4
7
8
13
15
25
Singapore
20
10
3
2
3
0
4
0
1
2
2
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
9
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
11
10
15
30
12
11
38
22
20
12
8
14
30
14
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uruguay
USA
Vietnam
2
5
1
2
1
12
3
2
0
0
5
1
1
0
22
19
18
16
10
19
44
17
19
26
9
21
5
0
19
47
28
16
65
6
24
25
52
43
10
23
0
50
Weigthed total
12
5
0
12
0
1
0
0
4
1
1
0
2
3
11
20
0
1
12
13
5
23
32
1
15
30
10
14
3
24
16
2
38
10
10
4
7
29
0
21
0
28
3
2
1
2
7
3
15
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
7
1
24
0
4
0
1
11
0
0
33
35
35
24
19
Total Qualitative
3
2
5
9
3
2
11
4
4
3
2
4
10
4
23
9
4
50
42
68
26
34
34
16
28
17
Other qualitative
5
5
7
21
5
9
17
15
14
9
5
8
19
10
30
15
16
20
8
2
22
27
11
16
24
22
Online qualitative
research
16
2
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
0
In-depth interviews
70
88
74
80
60
87
89
55
75
75
87
85
86
65
78
Malaysia
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Online traffic/
audience
Automated digital/
electronic
0
0
1
0
4
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
19
0
2
23
15
20
10
27
14
22
30
30
9
17
20
3
0
3
4
12
4
5
4
3
6
8
5
2
0
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
0
10
0
0
5
0
0
2
1
0
1
3
22
10
16
23
35
16
25
22
14
18
26
24
20
4
2
5
0
3
3
4
7
3
6
3
2
2
5
2
1
1
1
0
4
1
0
1
0
2
0
1
0
0
1
1
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
13
11
17
11
15
12
10
25
12
15
11
15
19
15
16
Group discussions
8
26
2
0
3
38
5
3
0
21
36
0
4
36
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
Total quantitative
2
1
0
3
5
2
2
2
0
0
0
1
QUALITATIVE
Other quantitative
1
6
0
2
10
3
1
0
1
5
5
0
0
0
0
Online
6
32
23
8
0
26
2
1
6
30
2
13
46
1
2
7
4
4
2
6
6
0
8
4
3
5
5
Face-to-face
8
12
55
40
19
20
34
50
15
53
20
10
42
14
14
10
16
4
16
6
20
20
26
6
12
12
Telephone
41
26
11
13
6
31
19
15
15
25
6
16
1
18
24
69
80
75
80
70
85
78
65
65
90
80
75
COUNTRY
Postal
20
8
1
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
6
0
0
3
0
0
Total Qualitative
0
1
5
23
16
1
1
20
13
4
0
17
Other qualitative
El Salvador
Finland
France
GCC
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Indonesia
Italy
Japan
Kenya
Lebanon
0
1
2
5
4
1
0
0
0
5
0
1
QUANTITATIVE
Online qualitative
research
34
20
3
30
8
43
38
10
0
27
8
3
In-depth interviews
5
20
60
9
32
20
3
30
15
30
56
38
Group discussions
Online
28
33
5
9
9
20
24
5
35
20
16
15
Total quantitative
Face-to-face
2
5
0
2
1
0
6
0
2
1
0
1
Other quantitative
Telephone
Australia
Austria
Bangladesh
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Costa Rica
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
COUNTRY
QUALITATIVE
Online traffic/
audience
Automated digital/
electronic
Postal
QUANTITATIVE
0
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
4
2
2
73
90
80
75
60
82
70
74
84
80
68
73
17
0
12
18
15
11
18
15
9
11
16
13
75
10
0
2
7
9
0
0
2
0
0
9
14
0
4
0
85
86
81
84
80
86
86
70
86
85
67
78
68
85
7
7
10
0
12
5
5
18
8
9
6
12
16
10
74
11
Please note that not all countries provided data. Figures may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
Telephone includes mobile voice (i.e. telephone surveys including mobile phone respondents)
Online quantitative includes mobile internet
Automated digital/electronic: Retail audits and media measurements (excluding online traffic/audience measurement).
Other quantitative: includes many syndicated services for which breakdowns are not available.
Other qualitative: includes ethnography and other methods for which breakdowns are not available.
122
123
AD HOC
OMNIBUS
PANEL
OTHER
CONTINUOUS
OTHER TYPE
OF RESEARCH
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Bangladesh
Brazil
Bulgaria
Costa Rica
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
55
60
60
40
61
25
50
45
58
76
45
46
0
2
10
2
1
5
10
5
1
8
2
5
45
15
30
20
29
60
2
41
16
16
30
5
0
18
0
38
7
10
28
9
25
0
23
32
0
5
0
0
2
0
10
0
0
0
0
12
Finland
55
30
France
GCC
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Indonesia
Italy
Japan
Kenya
59
73
64
40
35
52
60
75
55
40
58
57
2
0
5
1
0
3
4
2
2
1
1
4
20
14
11
40
43
17
4
18
28
44
21
21
17
13
20
19
22
22
29
5
13
15
11
12
2
0
0
0
0
6
3
0
2
0
9
6
COUNTRY
124
AD HOC
OMNIBUS
PANEL
OTHER
CONTINUOUS
OTHER TYPE
OF RESEARCH
44
60
44
48
55
60
70
50
65
54
35
66
1
2
0
2
4
2
2
6
5
2
20
5
37
15
30
30
4
12
20
11
22
27
35
3
10
15
13
20
30
20
8
33
4
14
10
26
8
8
13
0
7
6
0
0
4
3
0
0
Russia
68
19
Singapore
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Switzerland
Taiwan
Turkey
Ukraine
Uruguay
Vietnam
Weighted total
50
47
60
62
42
47
60
65
39
40
42
55
52
1
7
2
3
2
0
4
2
2
0
7
0
2
20
36
3
18
37
28
33
22
33
48
30
45
28
27
9
35
16
17
20
2
8
23
8
1
0
15
2
1
0
1
2
5
1
3
3
4
20
0
3
COUNTRY
Lebanon
Malaysia
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Portugal
Romania
125
South Africa
20
13
3
8
6
15
15
18
3
5
5
8
5
5
8
5
7
3
4
3
5
7
5
0
3
0
0
5
0
South Korea
Sri Lanka
Turkey
Ukraine
Uruguay
USA
12
26
37
25
45
25
7
2
2
5
0
8
Weighted total
22
5
7
18
20
6
5
25
7
15
11
16
13
31
5
18
3
3
5
5
10
4
6
11
34
13
10
8
13
15
3
8
3
2
10
3
3
10
22
11
9
11
10
5
1
8
6
10
5
15
0
1
9
11
10
10
1
4
1
4
3
10
16
18
9
4
7
5
0
15
13
13
2
2
5
2
3
5
5
3
11
8
6
6
3
2
2
2
1
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
16
12
13
11
3
5
3
3
0
1
2
0
1
2
Other
5
2
0
3
2
5
2
2
3
5
8
2
5
10
5
8
8
5
6
1
7
3
14
14
5
10
8
15
14
19
9
Opinion Research/
Polling
0
2
1
1
12
12
2
2
1
2
3
2
25
35
20
6
18
17
4
38
16
11
20
9
Other Omnibus/
Shared Cost Surveys
Lebanon
Malaysia
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Romania
Russia
Slovenia
Stakeholder
Measurement, incl. CRM
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
35
10
24
6
1
2
5
4
6
5
9
5
0
10
2
3
3
3
5
0
Media Audience/
Research
15
9
10
6
16
4
15
8
2
2
4
15
0
10
2
20
2
3
5
1
Advertising/
Brand Tracking
14
8
6
9
15
20
25
0
15
10
7
5
4
Advertising Pre-Testing
(Copy)
11
8
12
4
4
10
5
3
2
3
8
0
0
1
2
2
2
8
2
COUNTRY
New Product/
Service Development
13
13
7
34
28
10
13
Market Modeling
15
Market Measurement
3
3
3
14
13
5
3
Other
5
14
5
8
11
10
13
12
8
2
2
0
0
8
3
22
2
20
7
10
3
3
0
1
3
5
3
16
5
21
1
10
0
5
5
0
12
12
5
Opinion Research/
Polling
15
8
42
1
10
5
16
3
4
10
15
10
5
15
10
8
1
10
0
30
10
18
5
15
5
5
11
15
12
31
10
9
Other Omnibus/
Shared Cost Surveys
4
4
4
15
5
5
10
10
5
15
6
2
Stakeholder
Measurement, incl. CRM
15
13
6
5
15
15
10
10
10
14
15
7
1
11
2
1
10
5
2
0
1
4
1
4
Media Audience/
Research
9
22
25
3
25
20
33
7
25
6
1
24
Advertising/
Brand Tracking
Advertising Pre-Testing
(Copy)
GCC
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Kenya
New Product/
Service Development
Australia
Bangladesh
Brazil
Bulgaria
Costa Rica
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Finland
France
Market Modeling
COUNTRY
Market Measurement
5
8
10
14
12
20
9
4
19
15
7
6
8
10
2
9
5
16
18
13
3
7
4
7
3
5
8
8
8
5
2
4
0
5
4
3
2
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
9
8
6
10
14
4
18
2
5
0
2
1
5
3
2
10
0
7
0
6
1
0
16
5
Please note that not all countries provided data. Figures may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
Market Measurement: syndicated or custom retail/consumer panel/surveys for market size, share and tracking,
including online.
Market Modeling: including marketing mix and media modeling.
New Produc/Service Development: testing of concepts, products, services, packaging, pricing, mix, etc. and volume
forecasting.
Media Audience/Research: viewing, listening, readership, including on-line.
Stakeholder Measurement, incl. CRM: customer/employee satisfaction and mystery shopping.
Usage & Attitude Studies: including segmentation studies and motivational research
126
127
8.5
FIVE-YEAR TREND
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
EU 15
New EU member states
Other Europe
-5.6
-8.1
-8.4
0.8
4.0
0.7
-1.7
-1.3
4.3
-1.4
-4.2
2.9
-1.9
0.4
3.4
REGION
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Europe total
-5.9
1.0
-1.3
-1.2
-1.4
EU 15
New EU member states
Other Europe
11,720
564
802
11,710
606
879
14,592
657
1,037
13,978
654
1,079
14,177
686
1,143
Europe total
13,086
13,196
16,286
15,711
16,005
North America
Asia Pacific
Latin America
Africa
Middle East
13,641
4,525
1,403
265
253
13,897
5,168
1.688
334
261
14,726
5,893
1,901
387
273
15,067
6,237
1,979
401
265
15,705
5,998
1,920
382
277
North America
Asia Pacific
Latin America
Africa
Middle East
-3.5
-2.2
-4.6
-11.0
-9.2
3.1
3.5
13.9
10.1
-3.0
1.7
1.7
1.3
-3.5
1.9
0.4
4.8
5.6
3.9
-4.3
2.9
1.6
-0.1
-1.2
-1.2
World
-4.6
2.8
0.4
0.7
0.7
World
33,173
34,544
39,466
39,660
40,287
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
EU 15
New EU member states
Other Europe
-4.9
-5.4
-3.0
2.9
6.8
5.5
1.3
2.4
9.9
1.0
-0.6
7.7
-0.2
2.0
8.1
Europe total
-4.8
3.3
1.9
1.4
0.4
North America
Asia Pacific
Latin America
Africa
Middle East
-3.8
-1.8
1.4
-4.0
-4.4
4.8
5.6
20.4
16.8
1.7
4.9
4.7
7.9
2.8
7.6
2.4
6.9
3.8
11.8
-1.3
4.4
3.9
6.6
5.0
4.2
World
-3.7
5.2
3.8
3.2
2.8
REGION
128
129
8.6
COUNTRY
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
COUNTRY
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Bangladesh
Belgium
Bolivia
Brazil
Bulgaria
Cambodia
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Finland
France
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Kenya
0.9
1.3
-3.6
5.4
-3.0
3.3
-0.2
-5.0
-2.5
-2.6
-1.5
8.7
0.1
-1.1
-5.8
-1.7
-4.3
-5.1
3.5
0.4
4.7
-3.5
-14.1
-7.8
-2.2
-4.0
-5.0
-2.0
0.6
-1.9
-2.7
-6.3
5.7
4.5
1.8
4.2
-7.1
0.7
-5.0
-5.2
2.1
9.2
2.7
2.0
6.0
2.0
4.2
7.5
0.1
6.0
3.1
5.3
10.3
4.3
4.2
-1.4
1.0
2.3
2.1
7.8
3.2
5.1
0.7
3.1
3.1
1.5
6.4
3.5
-4.5
2.6
2.8
6.8
1.2
10.4
6.1
1.0
0.8
-1.0
4.6
1.3
3.9
5.0
6.0
3.0
2.4
6.3
1.7
4.5
4.5
3.0
6.5
2.8
5.9
9.6
4.6
4.3
1.3
1.7
1.7
2.0
5.5
3.2
1.0
2.5
3.3
3.1
1.6
5.5
2.5
-3.0
3.0
3.5
5.4
2.8
8.2
6.2
0.0
9.6
0.5
3.8
1.1
1.4
5.7
1.9
3,6
0.8
6.1
-0.2
5.2
0.9
0.8
6.5
1.8
5.5
7.8
4.0
5.0
-2.0
-2.4
-1.2
-0.6
3.9
5.0
2.2
1.6
3.2
-0.2
0.0
6.5
0.9
-6.4
3.0
3.3
1.4
-1.7
4.0
6.2
-1.9
8.4
0.9
3.1
-2.4
2.0
4.7
4.3
2.4
0.3
5.8
0.2
6.8
2.3
0.9
7.0
2.0
4.2
7.7
4.3
3.5
-1.0
-6.0
-0.9
0.4
4.1
4.2
2.1
1.6
0.8
-1.4
0.3
3.2
0.5
-3.9
3.5
2.6
2.9
1.1
4.4
5.8
-1.7
4.2
-0.3
3.3
-1.9
1.5
5.6
Laos
Latvia
Lebanon
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malaysia
Mexico
Myanmar
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
Uruguay
USA
Venezuela
Vietnam
7.6
-18.0
9.0
-15.0
-4.2
-1.7
-6.5
4.8
-4.0
-1.6
-1.5
5.6
-1.5
2.0
2.4
-4.5
0.9
0.9
1.7
-2.7
-7.1
-7.9
-2.0
-4.7
-7.3
-1.8
0.2
-3.6
3.5
-4.4
-1.5
-1.9
-2.3
-4.7
-4.9
2.9
-15.1
2.9
-2.4
-3.3
5.3
7.7
-0.3
7.5
1.3
3.4
7.2
5.5
5.3
1.7
1.5
4.5
8.4
0.4
4.8
7.5
15.3
8.8
7.3
3.8
1.4
-1.3
4.0
14.5
4.0
1.2
2.8
6.1
-0.1
9.1
5.5
2.6
10.8
7.8
8.2
1.3
8.5
4.2
8.5
2.8
-1.9
6.8
7.5
3.3
2.5
4.6
3.0
5.5
4.6
5.5
1.5
0.9
3.5
6.9
2.9
2.8
7.4
5.6
7.5
5.0
3.8
-1.5
1.5
4.8
5.2
3.8
2.0
3.5
4.5
0.8
7.0
3.8
2.4
5.4
4.0
4.6
1.7
5.0
4.5
5.0
2.8
1.8
6.3
8.3
5.6
1.5
3.6
0.1
5.6
3.9
6.3
-0.9
2.5
5.2
6.3
3.0
3.7
10.7
-1.2
6,3
6.6
2.0
-3.2
0.3
3.4
1.3
2.0
-2.3
2.5
2.0
-1.4
6.4
1.2
1.0
1.3
6.4
2.6
0.2
3.8
0.2
3.8
2.2
5.5
5.0
8.2
4.1
1.0
3.3
2.0
4.7
1.1
7.5
-0.8
2.4
4.2
6.3
0.8
3.6
8.0
13.0
5.0
7.2
1.6
-1.4
3.5
1.3
4.1
0.9
-1.1
1.9
2.8
-1.2
7.3
1.5
2.0
2.1
2.9
4.3
1.8
4.2
0.0
4.2
1.9
1.0
5.4
130
131
8.7
COUNTRY
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Bangladesh
Belgium
Bolivia
Brazil
Bulgaria
Cambodia
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Finland
France
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Kenya
Laos
132
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
0.50
1,507.50
2.48
0.72
3.52
13.51
6.56
0.72
1.58
20.34
148.36
6.29
78.64
1.00
4,973.62
3.01
47.64
3.12
0.72
3.04
31.74
1.45
0.72
0.72
8.44
1,276.93
0.72
118.90
7.65
1.09
33.06
34.29
1.55
7.75
3.67
0.64
22.56
1.00
2.15
17,800.73
0.53
1,507.49
2.60
0.75
3.22
12.64
6.30
0.75
1.39
21.36
149.04
6.04
83.88
1.00
4,591.95
2.84
45.11
3.02
0.75
3.18
30.37
1.36
0.75
0.75
7.32
1,156.06
0.75
113.04
7.21
1.04
31.62
31.69
1.50
7.94
3.67
0.65
20.06
1.00
3.45
19,125.59
0.50
1,507.49
2.48
0.72
3.06
12.42
837.70
0.72
1.26
22.43
152.99
5.60
85.78
1.00
4,517.90
2.80
45.68
2.96
0.72
3.05
29.38
1.26
0.72
0.72
7.25
1,108.29
0.72
110.61
6.49
0.89
29.47
30.49
1.68
7.97
3.67
0.62
19.25
1.00
4.29
20,656.51
0.55
1,507.48
2.68
0.78
3.09
13.17
837.70
0.78
1.23
23.55
160.55
5.82
89.07
1.00
4,413.95
2.64
42.20
3.26
0.78
3.47
30.84
1.25
0.78
0.78
8.21
1,126.53
0.78
127.63
6.78
0.94
29.62
31.08
1.80
7.99
3.67
0.63
20.31
1.00
4.29
21,243.90
0.53
1,507.50
2.51
0.75
3.15
12.77
965.00
0.75
1.22
24.73
155.25
5.88
95.96
1.00
4,436.82
2.70
42.45
3.16
0.75
3.33
31.76
1.25
0.75
0.75
9.65
1,094.93
0.75
130.05
6.51
0.93
29.77
30.73
1.90
8.16
3.67
0.64
20.48
1.00
6.13
21,014.05
COUNTRY
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
3.69
1.26
0.72
68.90
0.72
6.97
2.00
1.41
4,124.95
1.14
566.25
6.83
2,157.00
573.00
5.27
0.72
19.06
5.36
35.90
1.00
5.53
1.00
11.23
0.72
0.72
1.67
0.72
0.72
8.16
18.96
7.75
201.15
46.45
10,407.27
1.00
1.00
0.72
3.93
0.72
93.57
73.29
8,497.07
3.90
1.09
0.75
70.09
0.75
6.96
1.76
1.48
4,110.84
1.03
510.23
6.77
1,889.73
525.97
5.50
0.75
19.10
5.62
36.80
1.00
5.52
1.00
11.47
0.75
0.75
1.78
0.75
0.75
8.06
18.96
7.77
208.73
48.45
9,088.16
1.00
1.00
0.75
3.81
0.75
87.78
79.14
8,472.99
4.11
0.97
0.72
75.50
0.72
6.91
1.66
1.41
4,045.87
0.99
483.76
6.46
1,879.36
506.40
5.34
0.72
17.70
5.37
38.10
1.00
5.82
1.00
0.72
0.72
0.72
1.69
0.72
0.72
7.79
18.96
7.78
200.67
50.87
8,782.38
1.00
1.00
0.72
3.58
0.72
79.81
86.22
8,040.30
4.55
0.97
0.78
79.55
0.78
6.86
1.84
1.52
4,039.07
1.00
486.49
6.31
1,789.64
502.91
5.78
0.78
19.58
5.79
38.40
1.00
6.01
1.00
0.78
0.78
0.78
1.65
0.78
0.78
7.83
19.59
7.76
225.02
53.44
9,384.97
1.00
1.00
0.78
3.85
0.78
79.79
84.53
8,112.46
5.48
1.03
0.75
78.85
0.75
6.86
2.16
1.47
3,995.10
1.03
495.31
6.20
1,868.78
499.77
5.66
0.75
19.57
5.62
41.74
1.00
6.46
1.00
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.66
0.75
0.75
7.87
20.42
7.76
219.85
60.52
10,438.05
1.00
1.00
0.75
3.61
0.75
97.60
86.12
8,224.31
Latvia
Lebanon
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malaysia
Mexico
Myanmar
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
Uruguay
USA
Venezuela
Vietnam
2009
One Euro = 1,39 US Dollar
One US Dollar = 0,72 Euro
2010
One Euro = 1,33 US Dollar
One US Dollar = 0,75 Euro
2012
One Euro = 1,32 US Dollar
One US Dollar = 0,78 Euro
2013
One Euro = 1,35 US Dollar
One US Dollar = 0,75 Euro
Source: IMF
2011
One Euro = 1,39 US Dollar
One US Dollar = 0,72 Euro
133
8.8
COUNTRY
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
COUNTRY
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Bangladesh
Belgium
Bolivia
Brazil
Bulgaria
Cambodia
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Finland
France
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Kenya
6.3
1.8
0.4
6.1
-0.2
3.5
4.9
2.5
-0.7
0.3
1.7
-0.7
4.2
7.8
2.4
0.2
1.0
1.3
1.5
5.1
16.2
0.5
-0.1
1.6
0.1
1.7
0.1
1.4
1.9
5.5
0.5
4.2
10.9
4.8
10.3
-2.8
-1.7
3.3
0.8
-1.4
11.8
10.5
2.8
1.7
8.2
2.3
2.5
5.0
3.0
4.0
1.8
1.5
3.3
2.3
5.7
1.0
2.6
1.5
2.3
6.3
3.6
11.7
1.2
2.9
1.7
1.7
7.1
1.2
4.7
3.9
4.7
2.4
4.9
13.2
5.1
12.5
5.1
-1.6
2.7
1.6
-0.7
3.9
9.8
3.4
3.6
10.7
3.5
9.9
6.6
3,4
5.5
2.9
3.3
5.4
3.4
4.9
2.3
3.5
1.9
2.8
8.5
4.5
11.1
3.6
5.1
3.3
2.3
8.5
2.5
3.1
6.2
6.8
5.3
3.9
8.6
5.4
21.3
6.0
1.1
3.5
2.9
-0.3
14.0
10.0
1.8
2.6
8.7
2.6
4.5
5.4
2.4
2.9
1.5
3.0
2.7
3.2
4.5
3.4
3.1
3.3
2.4
3.7
5.1
8.6
1.7
4.2
3.2
2.0
-0.9
2.1
1.0
3.8
5.2
4.1
5.7
9.3
4.3
30.6
6.1
1.9
1.7
3.3
0.0
9.4
10.6
2.5
2.1
7.5
1.2
5.7
6.2
0.4
3.0
1.0
1.8
2.6
2.0
5.2
2.2
0.4
1.4
0.8
4.8
2.7
6.9
0.8
3.5
2.2
1.0
-0.5
1.6
-0.9
4.3
5.2
4.3
1.7
9.5
6.4
35.2
1.9
0.5
1.5
1.3
0.4
5.7
Laos
Latvia
Lebanon
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malaysia
Mexico
Myanmar
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
Uruguay
USA
Venezuela
Vietnam
0.0
3.3
1.2
4.2
0.8
0.6
5.3
7.9
1.0
2.1
3.7
12.4
2.2
20.8
2.4
2.6
2.9
3.2
3.5
-0.9
5.6
11.7
0.2
0.9
0.8
7.1
2.8
-0.3
3.4
2.2
-0.4
-0.9
-0.8
6.3
15.9
1.0
2.2
7.1
-0.3
27.1
6.7
5.4
-1.2
4.5
1.2
2.3
1.7
4.2
7.3
0.9
2.3
5.5
13.7
2.4
11.7
3.5
4.7
1.5
3.8
2.6
1.4
6.1
6.9
2.8
0.7
1.8
4.3
3.0
2.0
5.9
1.9
0.7
1.0
3.3
8.6
9.4
0.9
3.3
6.7
1.6
28.2
9.2
8.7
4.2
5.0
4.1
3.4
3.2
3.4
4.2
2.5
4.0
8.1
10.8
1.3
13.7
5.9
6.6
3.4
4.8
4.3
3.6
5.8
8.4
5.2
4.1
1.8
5.0
4.0
3.1
6.7
1.4
0.2
1.4
3.8
6.5
8.0
0.9
4.5
8.1
3.1
26.1
18.7
4.3
2.3
6.6
3.2
2.9
1.7
4.1
6.1
2.8
1.1
7.9
12.2
0.7
11.0
5.7
3.8
3.7
3.1
3.7
2.8
3.3
5.1
4.6
3.7
2.6
5.7
2.2
2.4
7.5
0.9
-0.7
1.9
3.0
8.9
0.6
0.7
2.8
8.1
2.1
21.1
9.1
6.4
0.0
3.2
1.2
1.7
2.1
3.8
5.8
2.6
1.1
7.4
8.5
2.1
7.4
4.0
2.7
2.8
2.9
0.9
0.4
4.0
6.8
2.4
1.5
1.6
5.8
1.3
1.5
6.9
0.0
-0.2
0.8
2.2
7.5
-0.3
1.1
2.6
8.6
1.5
40.7
6.6
Source: IMF
134
135
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Report 2014.
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