Post Weld Heat treatment Procedure

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Company Document ID
BGC Iraq- North Romaila
"Development Project"

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Job No.
Contractor Document ID

ALBILAL Company

Contract No.

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ONSHORE

Document Title
Post Weld Heat treatment Procedure

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TABEL OF CONTENENTS
SECTION AND DESCRIPTION

PAGE

1.0 SCOPE

2.0 REFERENCES

3.0

DEFINITIONS

4.0

RESPONSIBILITIES

5.0 SAFETY

6.0 QUALIFICATION

7.0 EQUIPMENT

8.0 MATERIALS

9.0 SURFACE CONDITIONS

10.0 METHOD

11.0 TEMPERATURE CYCLE FOR POST WELD

HEAT TREATMENT

12

12.0 NORMALIZING

13

13..0 REPORTING

13

14.0 ATTACHMENTS

14

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1.0 Scope
This procedure describes the minimum requirement for the Post Weld Heat Treatment
(PWHT) shall be carried out by the electrical resistance method for vessels, nozzles,
pipes.
This procedure covers description of the equipment, method of heating,
location and type of heating elements temperature measurement and
thermocouple location.
Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) shall be in accordance with ASME B31.3

2.0 References
Unless stated otherwise oil codes and standards referenced in this procedure shall be
of the latest issue (including revisions - addenda and supplements) and the following
documents shall be referred to along with this procedure.
a) ASME Section VIII Division I

- Boiler & Pressure Vessels code,

b) ASME B31.3

- Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping

c) ASME B31.4

- Liquid Petroleum Transportation Piping Systems

d) ASME B31.8

- Gas transmission and distribution piping system

e) DEP 30.10.60.18

- Welding of Metal

3.0 Definitions:
Company:

BGC Basra Gas Company

Contractor:

Al Bilal Company

PWHT:

Post Weld Heat Treatment

4.1 Responsibilities
The ABILAL Team is responsible for ensuring that PWHT is performed in
accordance with this procedure and the temperature range specified on the
appropriate Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) or Welding Technique Sheet
(WTS)

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4.2 PWHT Technician Responsibilities

PWHT technicians must be able to control the heating and cooling cycles of
components and materials and connect the elements according to power necessary to
achieve the required program as well as the distribution and connecting the
thermocouple according to the PWHT procedure.
4.3 PWHT Engineer Responsibilities
PWHT Engineer must be write and give to technician a program scheduled for each
stresses removal process according to material type and actual thickness, as well as
process control and supervision of the average rise and fall of temperatures and find
quick solutions to any problem occur during the progress of the program.

The work has important is the preparation of written reports and delivered with
attaching PWHT's charts to the COMPANY.

5.0 Safety
All personals working in the heat treatment shall be aware at all times of hazards both
in workshop or field and method in order to prevent accidents or injuries.
The heat treatment technicians shall ensure unauthorized personnel s hall not operate
or handle the heat treatment unit, as a minimum the following care shall be exercised.
5.1 General
Care shall be taken when handling electrical items avoid using undamaged wiring,
correct plug for socket, correct voltage and the connections are secured. Scaffolding
safe and suitable for application with handrails, ladder lashed.
Weather protection, lighting adequate illumination in the work area
5.2 Specific
Heat treatment work involves high voltage electrical equipment, materials at elevated
temperatures, insulating materials care shall be taken to avoid accidental contacts.
Adequate personal protection equipment (PPEs),coverall ,safety shoes ,safety goggles
and gloves shall be used during operation.

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6.0 Qualification
The basic requirement for PWHT operator should either be a science/technical
graduate or an electrical apprentice high school graduate
Personnel performing post weld heat treatment and normalizing shall have minimum 3
years experience of post weld heat treatment and normalizing by electrical resistance
method. CVs of the PWHT technicians shall be submitted to COMPANY for
review and reference.

7.0 Equipment
The equipment used by ALBILAL is HDC 80 KW 4channels 120 volts OR R/6BT 70/65
DC 65 KW 6 channels 60 volts.
The equipment shall be of a proper make & it should be bearing proper electrical power
input/output.
Power distribution (supply) shall be of 380/440 V3PH secondary output or step down
transformer secondary output (heat treatment unit) supplying low voltage circuits. The
temperature control equipment shall be operated manually or through regulators or it shall
be (made) operated automatically with the help of modular controls. The chart type
temperature recorder shall be used for recording temp.
The frequency of calibration of temp recorder shall be three months & a proper valid
sticker shall be displayed on the temp recorder.

8.1 Materials
All the connection materials required for the heat treatment, shall be of standard quality
and it shall be selected free of defects.

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8.2 Thermocouples
The thermocouples shall be of the type 'K' i.e. nickel-chromium / nickel - aluminum
type. The thermocouples should have initial calibration check and following tolerances:
0to 400 C 3 C
400 to 1100C 0.75 % a conformity

8.3 Flexible Ceramic Pad Heating Elements

The multi-strand nickel chrome element wire used in the pad heaters is electrically
insulated by interlocking sintered alumina beads providing a flexible high heat transfer
capacity mat complete with twist-lock cam locks

8.4 Thermal Insulation

Ceramic fiber, as mat or blanket, with or without protective stainless steel mesh,
minimum density 96 kg /m

8.5 Temperature Recorders

Temperature recorders shall be of the potentiometric self-compensating type with chart
feed recording.
Temperature recorders shall have valid calibration during use, calibration frequency
shall be at intervals not exceeding one year or immediately after repair or when faulty
performance is suspected. Calibration certificate shall be made available to COMPANY
for verification.

9.0 Surface Conditions

The welds to be heat treated shall be prepared free of greases, lubricants dust and
coatings to avoid damage & short circuiting of accessories equipment.

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Prior to the start of the PWHT, component shall be checked to ensure that all restrains
are removed and the component is free to expand and contract and suitable and
sufficient supports are used.
During heat treatment it shall be necessary to protect from oxidation the mechanical
surfaces line flange faces, threaded holes, threads by the application of coating such
as deoxaluminite or any other suitable coating material.
PWHT shall follow all welding and repairs but shall be performed prior to any hydro test
or other load test.
Where practicable, open pipe ends of component shall be closed off to prevent the
cooling effects associated with draughts (chimney effects).
Heating elements shall be securely fixed in contact with the work piece by stainless
steel or mild steel banding to suit the application. Under no circumstances shall
galvanized wire or other fixings likely to be detrimental to the pipe material be utilized.
Upon completion of the Post Weld Heat Treatment, the thermocouple shall be
removed and the areas of attachment dressed by either grinding or filling before
being non-destructively examined using either dye penetrate or magnetic particle
inspection methods by COMPANY (if required) COMPANY's representative will sign
and dote the column inspection offer Heat Treatment.

10.1 Method
10.2 General
All cables shall be connected incorporating standard plug and sockets, care shall be
taken to avoid mechanical damage to both power and thermocouple cables, and
insulation

10.3 Thermocouple attachment

Thermocouple wires shall be welded directly to the part using capacitance discharge
method the gap between the poles of the thermocouple wire shall not to exceed 6 mm

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and shall be welded at a distance of 25mm from the weld edge. The junction of the
thermocouple wire to the part shall be insulated using high temperature putty to protect
from direct heating by the heating pads. This situation ensures reading of part
temperature rather than heating element temperature
Thermocouple extension cable outside heat treatment zone shall be cooper-constantan
compensating cable with connection through plugs and socket as:
Copper lead (+ve) to nickel-chromium (non-magnetic)
Constantan lead (-ve) to nickel-aluminum (magnetic)
Number of Thermocouples and locations shall be as per the following Table. The
minimum number of thermocouples required may be decreased only with prior
COMPANY approval.

PIPE OD (in)

Number of TC

Up to 2

Above 2 to 10

180 apart

Above 10

120 apart

Number of TC

Position

Coupon Size

Position
Bottom

In mm (W x L)
Bottom

300 x 300

300 x 450

180 apart

300 x 1000

120 apart

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Thermocouple Location

OD up to 2

OD 10

"

" is Thermocouple Location

OD 2 10

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10.4 Heating band

The width of the circumferential band to be heated shall be at least three times the width
of the widest part of the welding groove but in no case less than twice the width of the
weld reinforcement
The preferred element arrangement for welds on pipes 250 mm (10 in) diameter or
greater, shall be to divide the elements into two or more control zones (i.e. top and
bottom) with pads applied symmetrical.ly about the part within the control zones.
As an alternative, in the event the preferred element arrangement not being possible for
the part configuration one of the following conditions shall be met.
The center line Circumferential gap between two bands of elements shall not exceed 30
mm (1.25 in) or 't' whichever is less, The longitudinal gap between elements shall not
exceed the wall thickness or 50 mm (2 in) whichever is less
Where the weld is of two substantially different wall thickness, then elements shall be
arranged to give longitudinal control in addition to circumferential control.
For inclined or vertical welds, the pads shall be arranged about the weld to give
independent control above and below weld centerline.
Heating elements shall be secured with black annealed iron wire, stainless or mild steel
banding strap.

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10.5 Insulation
The insulation shall extend a minimum distance of 305 mm (12 in) beyond the edges of
the heating band, or the distance as determined by the product of bore radius times the
maximum wall thickness, whichever is less
The number of layers and extent of insulated area shall be dependent upon the material
Thickness, Pipe or fitting diameter, Gradient requirements, other site conditions if any, it
is recommended a minimum of two (2) layers be applied to avoid thermal loss.
Open ends to pipe and/or fittings shall be blanked (packed) with insulation to avoid
through draft cooling during the heating cycle.
Insulation shall be secured using black annealed iron wire, taking care not to damage or
cut the insulation.
Following post weld heat treatment cycles, the insulation shall not be removed until the
lower control/ed temperature has been reached. The insulation may be left in place until
the part reaches ambient temperature.

10.6 Temperature Recording

At any section of the time I temperature chart shall record only one butt weld joint.
The ehart speed shall be set to either 25 or 50 mm /hr

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11.1 TEMPERATURE CYCLE FOR POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT

TEMPERATURE REQUIREMENTS FOR PRE-AND POST WELD
HEAT TREATMENT AND THERMAL CUTTING

11.2 The requirements for pre-hear can also be applied to thermal cutting operations,
tack and fillet welds, subject of welding procedure specification or other specific
instruction requirements.

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11.3 Heating and cooling rates shall be as stated below

a. Heating Rates: (t = thickness in mm)
Minimum heating rate is 50C per hour
Maximum heating rate for t >25mm 200C x 25/t per hour
For t 25mm 200C per hour

b. Cooling Rates:
Maximum cooling rate for t > 25mm 200C x 25/t per hour
for t 25mm 200C per hour
Cool in still air below 400C

c. Soaking periods shall be based on the heaviest welded section, including the total
thickness of the vessel wall.

d. In case of conflict between PWHT cycles (the one above versus the applicable WPS)
the cycle indicated into the qualified welding procedure specification shall prevail.

12.0 NORMALIZING
Normalizing heating cycle shall be as per Mill recommendation or as per Material Test
Certificates.

13.0 REPORTING
The resulting time / temperature chart shall represent the actual executed PWHT cycle.
The report shall include the following information

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Report no. COMPANY, Job no. / work order no, Item description such as Line number,
drawing number,
Joint number, pipe diameter and thickness as applicable, chart number, TC locations
and Date of PWHT.

14.0 attachments
Post Weld Heat treatment report.

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Post Weld Heat treatment Report

Contract No.:
Call off No,:
Ref. standard:

COMPANY:
Report No.:
Date:

Location: Line No.: Weld No.:

Piping description:
Material spec. Wall Thickness:

RT Report No.

P.W.H.T DESCRIPTION
Starting Temp. ( C )
Holding Temp. ( C )
Holding Time (min)

Heating Rate (C/hr )

Cooling Rate (C/hr )
Finish Recording Temp. ( C)

P.W.H.T Chart

Attach Original P.W.H.T Chart if available

Result
Name:
Sign:
Date:

P.W.H.T Technician

Name:
Sign:
Date:

AB Quality Control

Name:
Sign:
Date:

BGC