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Turnul Londrei

Dintre cladirile simbol ale Londrei putine sunt atat de invaluite in mister si legenda
ca Turnul Londrei. Aflat pe malul Tamisei, in stricta apropiere a vestitului Tower
Bridge, Turnul are o vechime de peste 900 de ani. Din complexul de odinioara,
Turnul Alb constituie partea cea mai veche si a supravietuit pana in zilele noastre,
fiind construit de William Cuceritorul.
Lucrarile au inceput in 1066, si s-au terminat in 1097. Cu zidurile sale groase de 5
metri si inalte de 30 erau un adapost sigur si in acelasi timp reprezenta, pentru
populatia anglo-saxona, semnul vizibil al puterii normande. Zidul interior cu cele
13 turnuri a fost construit de Henric al III-lea (1216-1272) cand au fost aduse aici
si bijuteriile Coroanei. In 1240 a fost zugravit in alb si de aici i se trage numele sub
care este cunoscut. In timpul lui Henric al VIII-lea (1509-1549) turnul a fost
restaurat si ultimul suveran care a avut resedinta in fortareata a fost Iacob I Stuart
(1603-1625).
De-a lungul anilor Turnul a fost resedinta regala, inchisoare, armurarie si pentru o
vreme a gazduit chiar o menajerie. Faima acestui monument, poate cel mai vizitat
din Londra, este cauzata si de personajele ilustre care au fost inchise aici, cele mai
multe gasindu-si chiar sfarsitul. In Turnul Insangerat au fost ucisi micii printi si
pe Poarta Tradatorilor au intrat o multime de prizonieri printre care Walter
Raleigh si Guy Fawkes. In Turnul Verde au fost ucise Lady Jane Gray si sotiile lui
Henric al VIII-lea, Katharine Howard si Anne Boleyn.
Bijuteriile Coroanei, expuse in Turn, sunt de o bogatie si de o frumusete greu de
imaginat. Sunt podoabe purtate in timpul ceremoniilor, cele mai vechi datand din
1661, inlocuindu-le pe cele distruse de Cromwell in 1649, dupa executia lui Carol
I. Exista aici 12 coroane, o sfera de aur Globy Royal, un sceptru impodobit cu un
diamant de 530 carate, Steaua Africii, inelul Monarhului, sabii regale si multe
altele.
Legenda spune ca toate aceste obiecte de pret sunt pazite de fantome care bantuie
turnul. De teama acestora putini se apropie de fortareata dupa apusul Soarelui dar

povestile de groaza nu-i sperie pe gardienii imbracati in costume din epoca Tudor,
cunoscuti sub numele de Beefeaters (mancatori de biftec) deoarece pentru slujba
lor erau odinioara rasplatiti cu ratii zilnice de carne de vaca. Acestia par sa
iubeasca noaptea, mai ales atunci cand are loc traditionala ceremonie a cheilor.
Este momentul in care toti ocolesc fortareata in spatele sefului lor, purtator al unei
lanterne.
Ansamblul contine si o biserica normanda, Capela Sfantul Ioan Evanghelistul,
considerata cea mai veche biserica din Londra. In Turn sunt ingrijiti cu devotament
cativa corbi. Traditia spune ca trebuie sa existe cel putin 6 asemenea pasari atent
supravegheate de Maestrul Corbilor. Este adanc inradacinata, in mintea
locuitorilor, credinta ca Marea Britanie va trai atat cat traieste Londra, Londra cat
va exista Turnul, iar Turnul va ramane in picioare cat timp vor exista corbi in el.
Interioarele pastreaza mobile si diferite obiecte care oglindesc viata dusa aici in
timpul lui Henry al III-lea sau Edward I. Sunt impresionante de asemenea colectiile
de arme si armurile expuse in cele trei etaje sub lozinca Imbracat pentru a ucide.
Toate evoca putere, bogatie si psihologia celor care au condus Imperiul Britanic. O
noua expozitie este inchinata lui Henric al VIII-lea, razboinic, sportiv si rege,
celebrand 500 de ani de la urcarea acestuia pe tronul tarii.

The Tower of London

Among the buildings of London symbol few are so shrouded in mystery


and legend as the Tower of London. Located on the banks of the
Thames, in strict around the famous "Tower Bridge", the Tower has a
length of over 900 years. From the White Tower, constitute the oldest
and has survived until today, being built by William the Conqueror.
The works began in 1066, and was completed in 1097. With its thick
walls 5 meters high and 30 were a safe shelter and at the same time
represent, for Anglo-Saxon population, visible sign of Norman power.
Interior wall with 13 towers was built by Henry III (1216-1272) when
they were brought here and the Crown jewels. In 1240 it was painted
white and here is the name under which it is known. In the time of
Henry VIII (1509-1549) tower has been restored and the last ruler who
took residence in the fortress was James I Stuart (1603-1625).
Along the years the tower was a royal residence, jail, armurarie and for a
time he even hosted a menagerie. The fame of this monument, perhaps
the most visited from London, is caused and illustrious characters which
were closed here, most finding even the end. Bleeding back tower were
killed "little princes" and the "Tradatorilor Gate" entered a lot of
prisoners including Walter Raleigh and Guy Fawkes. In Tower green
were killed Lady Jane Gray and the wives of Henry VIII, Katharine
Howard and Anne Boleyn.
The Crown jewels, on display in the Tower, there are a wealth of beauty
and hard to imagine. Ornaments are worn during ceremonies, the oldest
dating from 1661, replacing those destroyed by Cromwell in 1649, after
the execution of Charles i. Exist here 12 crowns, a golden sphereGallardo, a Royal Scepter adorned with a diamond of 530 carats, the star
of Africa, the ring of the monarch, the Royal swords and more.
Legend has it that all of these objects are guarded by price ghosts that
haunt the tower. Fearing their few approaches the fortress after sunset
but not scary stories terrify guards dressed in costumes from the Tudor

era, known under the name Beefeaters (steak eaters) because their
service were once rewarded with daily ration of cow meat. They seem to
love the night, especially when it takes place in traditional ceremony
key. It is the moment that all bypass the fortress behind their boss,
spokesman of a flashlight.
The ensemble contains a Norman Church, the chapel of St. John the
Evangelist, considered the oldest church in London. In the tower are
well taken care of with a few Ravens devotion. Tradition says that there
must be at least 6 birds also carefully supervised by master With. Is
satsoft, in the minds of its inhabitants, the belief that the United
Kingdom will live as lives London, London cat would be the Tower, and
the Tower will stand as long as there will be Ravens in it.
Keep mobile and various interiors objects that mirror the life of Marat
here during the time of Henry III or Edward i. Are also impressive
collections of weapons and armors displayed in three floors under the
slogan "Dressed to kill". All evoke the power, wealth and the psychology
of those who ruled the British Empire. A new exhibit is dedicated to
Henry VIII, Warrior, and King, celebrating 500 years since the country's
accession to the throne.

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