Unit Plan Trigonometry

TRIGONOMETRY OVERVIEW SHEET
DAY
TOPICS COVERED
REVIEW OF PREREQUISITE SKILLS
PROPORTIONS OF SIMILAR TRIANGLES
o
o
o
o
Angle properties, Pythagorean theorem, proportions, etc.

Meaning of congruent and similar
Matching up corresponding angles and sides
Ratio of corresponding sides are all the same, and corresponding
angles equal each other
SOLVING PROBLEMS USING SIMILAR TRIANGLES

o Understanding ratio of the sides (the k factor)
o ORDER MATTERS when setting up ratios
4
5
Definition of similar triangles and example of

stating corresponding angles and sides
An example of solving a problem using similar

triangles
SOLVING PROBLEMS USING SIMILAR TRIANGLES

o Extra practice and similar triangle quiz
INTRO TO PRIMARY TRIG RATIOS
o Labeling the sides of each triangle opposite, adjacent or
hypotenuse in reference to the given angle
o Understand which ratio to use in any question
PRIMARY TRIG RATIOS
o Following the same 3 steps using SOH CAH TOA to determine the
measure of sides and angles in right-angled triangles.
INTRO TO PRIMARY TRIG RATIOS
o Following the same 3 steps using SOH CAH TOA to SOLVE rightangled triangles.
SOLVING PROBLEMS WITH RIGHT TRIANGLES
o Angle of depression / angle of elevation
REVIEW
o
o
KEY CONCEPTS
Similar Triangles
Primary Trig Ratios
Explanation of what SOH CAH TOA stands for and

how to label triangles
One example of finding a side length when

unknown is on top, & when unknown is on
bottom, & determining the measure of an angle
Define angle of depression and elevation

Word problems using trigonometry
10
11
PERFORMANCE REVIEW
12
THE SINE LAW
TEST #1
Must be given one angle and the measure of its opposite side
=
=
o
o Used in non-right-angled triangles
o How to properly label triangles
o
13
THE COSINE LAW

14
Used in non-right-angled triangles when sine law cannot be used
THE COSINE LAW

o 2= 2+
2
Use proper form of equation
depending on side that you are looking for
o Learning how to manipulate the formula to solve for the
unknown angle.
15
SOLVING PROBLEMS USING BOTH LAWS

Learning how to sketch the triangles given real life situations
o Learning how to determine which law to use
o
16
State the sine law

Diagram of how to label sides and angles
Diagram outlining WHEN you use the sine law
1 example each of using sine law to find an angle
and a side
State the cosine law

Diagram outlining WHEN you use cosine law
Example of determining an unknown side length
using the cosine law
THE SINE LAW

o Extra practice with this formula
Example of determining an unknown angle using

the sine law
Example of a real life problem solved using one of

the laws
SOLVING PROBLEMS USING BOTH LAWS

o
Learning how to sketch the triangles given real life situations
o Learning how to determine which law to use

17
REVIEW
o Sine law
o Cosine Law
o Solving Real World Problems using both laws and SOH CAH TOA
18
19
20
PERFORMANCE REVIEW
WORK PERIOD
TEST #2
** Some of these concepts will take longer than a day if students are to explore the concepts and truly understand them.
Course: Grade 10 Academic Mathematics Unit of Study: Trigonometry

Essential Learning / Big Ideas
Use their knowledge of
ratio and proportion to
investigate similar
triangles and solve
problems related to
similarity;
Specific Expectations
Anticipated Struggles / Prior

knowledge
Planned Support/ Resources

Textbooks
Verify, through
investigation, the properties
of similar triangles
Describe and compare the

concepts of
similarity and congruence;
Solve problems involving

similar triangles in realistic
situations
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Geometric and angle properties

(interior angles, supplementary,
complementary, parallel lines)
and relationships
Angle measurements in triangles
and parallel lines
Definition and how to apply the
Pythagorean Theorem
Equivalent ratios
Rearranging formulas
Congruent triangles
Scale diagrams
Solve proportions
Understand
similarity
and
congruence
Solve similar triangles
Ratio operations
Principles of
Mathematics 10,
McGraw-Hill Ryerson
(2007)
MathPower 10,
McGraw-Hill Ryerson
(2000)
Mathematics 10,
Nelson (2001)
Nelson Principles of
Mathematics 10,
Nelson (2010)
Addison Wesley
Principles of
Mathematics 10,
Pearson (2000)
Online Resources

right triangles, using the
primary trigonometric
ratios and the Pythagorean
theorem;
Determine, through the

relationship between the ratio
of two sides in a right
triangle and the ratio of the
two corresponding sides in a
similar right triangle, and
define the sine, cosine, and
tangent ratios
Use sine, cosine and tangent

ratios to find missing sides
o Use sine, cosine and tangent
ratios to find missing angles
o Use the Pythagorean Theorem
to find missing sides
o Solve problems using trig ratios
and the Pythagorean Theorem
The Ontario
Curriculum, Grades 9
and 10: Mathematics
Ontario Educational
Resources Bank
(OERB) Activities
Determine the measures of

the sides and angles in right
triangles, using the primary
trigonometric ratios and the
Pythagorean theorem;
Solve problems involving the
measures of sides and angles
in right triangles in real life
applications, using the
primary trigonometric ratios
and the Pythagorean
Theorem.
acute triangles, using the
sine law and the cosine
law.
Explore the development of

the sine law within acute
triangles;
Explore the development of
the cosine law within acute
triangles
Determine the measures of
sides and angles in acute
triangles, using the sine law
and the cosine law
Solve problems involving the
measures of sides and angles
in acute triangles.
Primary Trig Ratios

Explore development of the sine
and cosine law within acute
triangles
o Use sine and cosine law to find
missing sides
o Use sine and cosine law to find
missing angles
o Solve problems using sine and
cosine law
o
o
MPM2D Trigonometry Unit Plan

Lesson 1 (Review of Prerequisite Skills)
Overall Expectations
Use their knowledge of ratio and proportion to investigate similar
triangles and solve problems related to similarity
Lesson 2 (Proportions of Similar Triangles)

Verify, through investigation, the properties of similar triangles
Learning Goals
I will:
Understand that ratios compare two quantities
Find an unknown number in a proportion
Describe and compare the concepts of similarity and congruence
Learning Goals
I will:
Prove that two triangles are similar
Investigate and compare congruent triangles and similar
triangles
Investigate, pose and solve problems with congruent shapes
Assessment Task / Performance / Product
Chart paper and presentation will be assessed

This lesson is an assessment FOR learning, as it will determine the
prior knowledge of the students.
Outline of the Lesson
Intro:
Have students arrange their desks into groups

Intro:
Students will investigate and define similar and congruent triangles.
Body:
Students will work through a review page that highlights the important
concepts of the trigonometry unit.
Body:
Students will work in groups on word problems related to proportions
of similar triangles.
Conclusion:
Debrief with the students and ensure each student understand the
concepts from the review page.
Conclusion:
Group members will share their solutions with the rest of the class.
Resources
Worksheet
SMARTBoard
Resources
Worksheet
Chart Paper
Lesson 3 (Solving Problems using Similar Triangles)

Lesson 4 (Solving Problems using Similar Triangles)

Solve problems involving similar triangles in realistic situations
Learning Goals
I will:
Use similarity to solve triangles
Understand ratio of the sides (the k factor)
Understand that order matters when setting up ratios
Group Presentations using an Observation Sheet
Intro:
Have students understand the difference between congruent and similar
shapes.
Solve problems involving similar triangles in realistic situations
Learning Goals
I will:
Use similarity to solve triangles
Use similarity to solve application problems
Written reflection marked with rubric
Intro:
Students will measure the height of a telephone pole.
Body:
Students will identify a pairs of similar triangles and explain why they
are similar.
Body:
Students will work together to create a clinometer and using their
knowledge of similar triangles, students will calculate the height of
objects they cannot measure.
Conclusion:
Allow students to demonstrate their work to others in the class by
working in pairs or presenting in from of the class.
Resources
Worksheet
SMARTBoard
Conclusion:
Written reflection regarding the process they used to measure the
height of the telephone pole.
Resources
Clinometer (Protractor, String, Tape, Weight)
Worksheet
Lesson 5 (Introduction to Primary Trigonometric Ratios)

Solving problems involving right triangles, using the primary
trigonometric ratios and the Pythagorean Theorem
Lesson 6 (Primary Trigonometric Ratios)

Determine, through investigation, the relationship between the ratio of
two sides in a right triangle and the ratio of the two corresponding
sides in a similar right triangle, and define the sine, cosine and tangent
ratios.
Learning Goals
I will:
Define the primary trigonometric ratios.
Identify the opposite, adjacent, and hypotenuse sides of a
triangle.
Oral Questioning after observation
Determine the measures of the sides and angles in right triangles,
using the primary trigonometric ratios and the Pythagorean theorem

Intro:
Introduce the idea of Sine, Cosine and Tangent and giving the students
a right-angled triangle.

Intro:
A small lesson will be delivered regarding the terms sine, cosine and
tangent and the relationship.
Body:
Students will investigate the trigonometric ratios of given triangles and
identify each side as opposite, adjacent and hypotenuse.
Body:
Students will learn SOH CAH TOA, and relate the trigonometric ratios
to the trigonometric table. Students will label sides and write the
trigonometric ratios to solve for the unknown.
Conclusion:
Debrief, and discuss any learning misconceptions that may be
beginning to arise
Resources
Worksheet
SMARTBoard
Learning Goals
I will:
Investigate the primary trig ratios and relate them to their
angles
Relate trig ratios to the trig table using SOHCAHTOA
Quiz
Conclusion:
Small quiz to assess student progression.
Resources
Quiz
SMARTBoard
Lesson 7 (Primary Trigonometric Ratios)

Lesson 8 (Solving Problems with Right Triangles)

Determine the measures of the sides and angles in right triangles, using
the primary trigonometric ratios and the Pythagorean theorem
Solving problem involving the measures of sides and angles in right
triangles in real-life applications, using the primary trigonometric
rations and the Pythagorean theorem
Learning Goals
I will:
Investigate the angle of depression and the relationship with
right triangles
Investigate the angle of elevation and the relationship with
right triangles
Written word problems submitted for a completion mark
Intro:
Explain the term angle of depression and elevation to the students.
Learning Goals
I will:
Determine sine, cosine, and tangent ratios for right-angled
triangles using concrete materials
Use SOHCAHTOA to solve missing angles in a triangle
Group Presentations using an Observation Sheet
Intro:
Todays lesson is designed to help students apply their understanding
of trigonometric ratios to solve problems
Body:
Students will work on one word problem related to SOH CAH TOA in
groups of 3.
Conclusion:
Each group will present their problem with the rest of the class.
Resources
SMARTBoard
Body:
Students will apply their knowledge of trigonometric ratios, to word
problems related to angles of elevation and depression. Allow students
the opportunity to work in partners or small groups to work on the
questions.
Conclusion:
Have groups submit at least 5 word problems for assessment.
Resources
Worksheet
Lesson 9 (Review)
No expectations will be covered to the class, but students will work on
the areas they are struggling.
Lesson 10 (Performance Review)

The performance review will be covering the expectations that have
been learned up to this point in the unit.
Learning Goals
I will:
Complete any work that is outstanding
Ask for help if I do not understand a problem
Observation sheet to check student understanding
Intro:
Remind the class about the upcoming performance review and test
Learning Goals
I will:
Try to answer the questions to the best of my abilities
Body:
Present a KAHOOT game with the students, then afterwards allow
time for students to complete the review sheet
Students will be given the period to work on the assessment task with
no help from other students or the teacher. The task incorporates
properties of similar triangles and trigonometric ratios in right angle
triangles.

Assessment task marked with a rubric
Conclusion:
If students finish the review page, assign questions for extra review
Resources
Review Sheet
WIFI Compatible Device
SMARTBoard
Resources
Assessment task
Lesson 11 (Test)
The students will be writing a test that will be marked in four different
categories; knowledge and understanding, thinking, communication
and application. The test will assess the students knowledge of the
material so far in this unit.
Lesson 12 (Sine Law)

Solve problems involving acute triangles, using the sine law and
the cosine law
Explore the development of the sine law within acute triangles
Learning Goals
I will:
Use the SINE law to find missing sides and angles in nonright angle triangles
Properly label triangles
Self-assessment to see if students understand the concepts
Intro:
What if a triangle has no right angle? We cant use trig ratios
Body:
Students will investigate similarities given a fully labelled
triangle. Students will discover the equation for sine law on their
own.
Resources
Conclusion:
Once students have identified the new pattern, show that that a
formula can be developed.
Resources
SMARTBoard
Lesson 13 (Sine Law/ Cosine Law)

Solve problems involving acute triangles, using the sine law and the
cosine law
Lesson 14 (Cosine Law )

cosine law
Explore the development of the cosine law within acute triangles
Learning Goals
I will:
Continue to use the SINE law to find missing sides and angles
in non-right angle triangles
Use the COSINE law to find missing side lengths in non-right
angle triangles
Use the proper form of the equation dep ending on the side that
I am looking for
Self-assessment to see if students understand the concepts
Intro:
Remind students about the sine law formula, and how to solve a
triangle using the new developed pattern rule.
Explore the development of the cosine law within acute triangles
Learning Goals
I will:
Use the COSINE law to find missing angles in non-right angle
triangles
Manipulate the formula to solve for the unknown angle
Body:
Give students half the period to work on sine law, and then introduce
them to a triangle where sine law and trigonometric ratios do not work.
Body:
Students will be answering questions such as How are opposite sides
and opposite angles related? Ensure all students are using the software
appropriately.
Conclusion:
Students will investigate, and at the end of the class introduce the
formula
Resources
Worksheet

Intro:
Students will be going to the computer lab to investigate the sine and
cosine law
Conclusion:
Discuss any misconceptions with the students.
Resources
Computer Lab
Lesson 15 (Solving Problems using Both Laws)

cosine law
Determine the measures of sides and angles in acute triangles, using
the sine law and the cosine law
Learning Goals
I will:
Sketch triangles given real life situations
Solve unknown side and angle word problems using
SOHCAHTOA, Sine Law and Cosine Law
Use trigonometry tools to solve application problems involving
triangles
Intro:
Hand a compass to pairs of students and explain how to use the
compass.
Lesson 16 (Solving Problems using Both Laws)

cosine law
Determine the measures of sides and angles in acute triangles, using
the sine law and the cosine law
Learning Goals
I will:
Determine which law to use in different situations
Determine the measures of the sides and angles of right-angled
triangles, using the primary trigonometric ratios and the
Pythagorean Theorem
Body:
Have the students draw out different angles from given direction (e.g.
S40E). Include word problems, that allow students to use the cosine
law to calculate missing side lengths and angles
Body:
An outline or each method will be given to students, and students will
practice choosing which method to use.
Conclusion:
Debrief and discuss the laws that were used.
Resources
Compass
Worksheet

Intro:
Students will learn how to decide which method to use when a
trigonometric word problem arises.
Conclusion:
Debrief, and discuss any learning misconceptions that may be
beginning to arise
Resources
Worksheet
Lesson 17 (Review)
No expectations will be covered to the class, but students will work on
the areas they are struggling.
Lesson 18 (Performance Review)

The performance review will be covering the expectations that have
been learned up to this point in the unit.
Learning Goals
I will:
Complete any work that is outstanding
Ask for help if I do not understand a problem
Intro:
Remind the class about the upcoming performance review and test
Learning Goals
I will:
Try my best
Body:
Present a KAHOOT game with the students, then afterwards allow
time for students to complete the review sheet
Students will be given the period to work on the assessment task with
no help from other students or the teacher. The task incorporates sine
law and cosine law in non-right angle triangles.

Assessment task marked with a rubric
Conclusion:
If students finish the review page, assign questions for extra review
Resources
Review Sheet
WIFI Compatible Device
SMARTBoard
Resources
Assessment task
Lesson 19 (Work Period)

This lesson does not have any expectations
Learning Goals
I will:
Ask questions if I do not understand a concept
Lesson 20 (Test)
The students will be writing a test that will be marked in four different
categories; knowledge and understanding, thinking, communication
and application. The test will assess the students knowledge of the
material so far in this unit.

Intro:
Explain to students that they are to work independently on any
outstanding homework questions.
Body:
During the period, circulate and help any students who require
assistance
Conclusion:
Encourage students to look over any lessons and study hard.
Resources
SMARTBoard
Resources
Resources to Help Address Misconceptions with

the Trigonometry Unit
Some major ideas for teaching the trigonometry unit are to NOT teach right-triangle
trigonometry from inside the classroom. Kids need to be able to visualize word problems. By
taking students outside to teach them how to build an inclinometer, allows them to experience
angles of elevation and depression and how to measure the height of objects with trigonometric
ratios. After you come back into the classroom, students will be able to visualize more
complicated problems.
Another idea is when introducing students to sine, cosine, and tangent functions,
introduce them to their relationship with similar triangles first. When students arrive to Grade 10
Math they have no sense of what trigonometric ratios are, so it is an abstract concept for them to
grasp right away. Introduce the topic by integrating history and teaching students about ancient
mathematicians and how they calculated problems using the shadows of objects. Let students
investigate the ratios and introduce the terms sine, cosine, and tangent naturally. You could
incorporate this concept into a learning task where the students create their own clinometer and
measure the height of a telephone pole. A clinometer is an instrument for measuring angles and
can be created by attaching a straw to the straight edge of a protractor attached a string with a
small mass attached to the end to the middle of the straw. When students go outside to test their
clinometers they will look through the straw at the top of the telephone pole. This tells you what
angle the clinometer is being help at and can be used to find the height of the object. Students
will already understand the concepts, but will now need to be given a name to associate with the
concept.
There are many major misconceptions students have coming into the trigonometry unit in
Grade 10 Academic. These misunderstandings need to be assessed prior to beginning this unit.
Below I have listed some misconceptions that may arise prior to the lessons.
Angle Properties
Students need to understand that the interior angles of a right triangle are equal to 180 degrees. In
order to address this issue in the classroom, have students create a concept map focused on the
question What are examples of angle properties? Circulate the room and check to see how
many students have information written down. If most of the class has created a map, ask
students to present their ideas to the class. This can give you a sense of the knowledge and
misconceptions they are bringing with them into the class, and how to approach the unit.
Pythagorean Theorem
Students need to know how to apply the Pythagorean Theorem. Allow the students to understand
this theorem by presenting the Taco Cart 3 Act Math Task. This task allows students to calculate
the distance to a taco truck, and decide which person will get to the cart first. Act 1 introduces
the problem; Act 2 reveals the distance and speed of the taco cart and Act 3 reveals the answer
and shows the person that gets to the taco cart first. If Students are having difficulties
remembering the Pythagorean Theory, show them the video titles Using Pythagorean Theorem
to Find Length of Hypotenuse.
https://tapintoteenminds.com/3act-math/taco-cart/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_wh0JtYHGSE
Equivalent Ratios
Students need to know the meaning of ratios, and what it means for ratios to be equivalent. Have
students reflect and comment on their level of knowledge regarding this skill. Feedback from this
method can help direct students who are struggling with their existing knowledge.
Rearranging Formulas
In order to solve for variables, students must be able to rearrange any given formula. One way to
test for prior knowledge is to assign a diagnostic quiz at the beginning of the unit to gauge their
background knowledge. This can help identify specific areas of weakness and how to adjust the
course accordingly.
Extensions (Integration of Other Subject Areas)

There are many ways that the trigonometry unit can be integrated into other subject areas. It is
the job of the math teacher to show students the many different ways math can be incorporated
into other areas of the curriculum.
Language:
With your class, break down the word trigonometry and have students discuss the origin of the
word (the term trigonon and metron come from the Greek terms meaning triangle and
measure respectively) and what the terms could mean (the prefix, tri-, comes from triangle).
Science:
Trigonometry is used in many different science areas. In the earth and space unit, trigonometry is
used to measure precise distances, and is also found in industries such as satellite systems. In
physics, trigonometry is used in surveying when determining heights and distances.
Geography:
Trigonometry is used in geography when determining the height of trees in a forest, or
calculating the distance between to land marks. With your class create a clinometer to calculate
the distance of tall objects near the school.
Arts:
Students can create art work that use triangles and can be challenged to create art work with
specific requirements such as angles, lengths and given trigonometric ratios.
Applications of Multiple Intelligences

Visual-Spatial: These students are very aware of their environments. In order to accommodate
these students into the trigonometry unit, tools such as videos, texts with pictures and graphs,
drawings and photographs must be used.
Bodily-Kinesthetic: These students use the body effectively. They enjoy moving and
communicating through body language. In order to accommodate these students into the
trigonometry unit, hands-on learning and role playing must be used.
Musical: These students love sound, and study better with music in their background. In order to
accommodate these students into the trigonometry unit play songs and raps during the lesson and
try to incorporate multimedia tools.
Interpersonal: These students interact with others and learn best by being around their friends. In
order to accommodate these students into the trigonometry unit, include group activities during
the unit and if possible, have a guest speaker come into the class, or through online conferencing.
Intrapersonal: These students are interested in their own goals and are shy towards others. In
order to accommodate these students into the trigonometry unit they must have the option to
work on homework independently.
Linguistic: These students have highly developed auditory skills and often think in words. In
order to accommodate these students into the trigonometry unit allow them to use computers and
software along with books and multimedia tools.
Logical-Mathematical: These students think abstractly and enjoy exploring patterns and
relationships. In order to accommodate these students into the trigonometry unit, show them
logic games, and challenge them constantly.
Technology
The use of the SMARTBoard in the classroom is a highly effective strategy in the classroom.
Using the interactive white board, many different learners are able to understand concepts. To
start off a lesson, videos can be shown to hook students into the concept being taught. There are
many videos on YouTube that demonstrate trigonometric ideas. Computer software such as
Geometry Sketchpad and Desmos help students visualize triangles and their properties. If a
computer is not available at the school, have the students work on the Ipads for an interactive
experience. Creating a class webpage for the class allows the opportunity for the teacher to
elaborate on topics discussed in class, show photos and post announcements.

Unit Plan Trigonometry

Încărcat de

Informații document

Descriere originală:

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Unit Plan Trigonometry

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

TRIGONOMETRY OVERVIEW SHEET

REVIEW OF PREREQUISITE SKILLS

PROPORTIONS OF SIMILAR TRIANGLES

Angle properties, Pythagorean theorem, proportions, etc.

SOLVING PROBLEMS USING SIMILAR TRIANGLES

Definition of similar triangles and example of

An example of solving a problem using similar

SOLVING PROBLEMS USING SIMILAR TRIANGLES

Explanation of what SOH CAH TOA stands for and

One example of finding a side length when

Define angle of depression and elevation

THE SINE LAW

THE COSINE LAW

Used in non-right-angled triangles when sine law cannot be used

THE COSINE LAW

SOLVING PROBLEMS USING BOTH LAWS

State the sine law

State the cosine law

THE SINE LAW

Example of determining an unknown angle using

Example of a real life problem solved using one of

SOLVING PROBLEMS USING BOTH LAWS

Learning how to sketch the triangles given real life situations

o Learning how to determine which law to use

Course: Grade 10 Academic Mathematics Unit of Study: Trigonometry

Anticipated Struggles / Prior

Planned Support/ Resources

Describe and compare the

Solve problems involving

Geometric and angle properties

Solve problems involving

Determine, through the

Use sine, cosine and tangent

Determine the measures of

Explore the development of

Primary Trig Ratios

MPM2D Trigonometry Unit Plan

Lesson 2 (Proportions of Similar Triangles)

Assessment Task / Performance / Product

Outline of the Lesson

Lesson 3 (Solving Problems using Similar Triangles)

Lesson 4 (Solving Problems using Similar Triangles)

Lesson 5 (Introduction to Primary Trigonometric Ratios)

Lesson 6 (Primary Trigonometric Ratios)

Outline of the Lesson

Outline of the Lesson

Lesson 7 (Primary Trigonometric Ratios)

Lesson 8 (Solving Problems with Right Triangles)

Lesson 10 (Performance Review)

Assessment Task / Performance / Product

Lesson 12 (Sine Law)

Lesson 13 (Sine Law/ Cosine Law)

Lesson 14 (Cosine Law )

Assessment Task / Performance / Product

Lesson 15 (Solving Problems using Both Laws)

Lesson 16 (Solving Problems using Both Laws)

Assessment Task / Performance / Product

Lesson 18 (Performance Review)

Assessment Task / Performance / Product

Lesson 19 (Work Period)

Assessment Task / Performance / Product

Resources to Help Address Misconceptions with