Unit 18

Task 1 (P1, M1)

You are required to explain the reason for different
numbering systems and notations to your junior
colleagues.

1.Explain to your colleagues why

computers use binary and hexadecimal
numbers to store data.
Computers use binary numbers because is it
used to create switches which can retain two
or more states.
The digits are 0 and 1 which are stored in the
data, (bits have 1,4,8,12,16,18 and so on till
512) for example 64 bits has 8 bytes and they
are also small units of data stored in a
computer.
Computer programs are collections of
commands converted into machine code and
they are also stored using binary. Every single
thing in a computer is a demonstration of
binary numbers, the numbers are encrypted
into different setups of data giving them
meaning and the more you use bits in a
pattern, the more you will be able to combine
available values.
The bigger the number of mixture is, the more
you will be able the characterise many more,
for example other colours in a design or
image.
Computers also use hexadecimal numbers to
facilitate the expression of binary numbers

when its represented in hexadecimal as it

better than other methods and its a smaller
way to symbolise bytes in data.

2.Demonstrate how to write the following

decimal numbers using powers of 10:
100: 10x102 , 1000: 10x103, 32000: 3.2x104,
520: 5.2x102, 1000000: 10x106

3.Your colleagues also need to be familiar

with numbers raised by powers and
numbers expressed in standard form.
Show them how to write the following
decimal numbers in standard form (1
digit to the left of the decimal point,
using powers of 10):
100: 1x102, 1001: 1.001x103, 148,975:
1.48975x105, 1,247,894: 1.247894x106,
0.0045: 4.5x10-3
4.Demonstrate how to write the following
decimal numbers using powers of 2:
8: 2x2x2
32: 2x2x2x2x2
64: 2x2x2x2x2x2
128: 2x2x2x2x2x2x2
1024: 2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2

5.Demonstrate how to convert the

following decimal numbers to binary and
then to hexadecimal. Show your
workings. (Each conversion should show
2 lines illustrating the conversion to
binary and at least a further line showing
the conversion to hexadecimal).
25
Decimal to binary
32
(25)
1

16
(24)
0

8
(23)
0

4
(22)
0

2
(21)
0

1
(20)
0

Hex
Valu
e
2
2

Decimal to hexadecimal
Decim
al

Divisi
on

Resu
lt

Remain
der

32

32/16

0
Answer

46
Decimal to binary
4,0 1,02 256
(44)
96
4
(46) (45)
0
0
1

64
(43)

16
(42)

Decimal to hexadecimal

4
1
1
(4 ) (40)
0

Decim
al

Divisi
on

Resu
lt

Remain
der

4,096

4,096/16

256

0
Answer

Hex
Valu
e
256
256

183
Decimal to binary
5,83 324
18
1
(182) (181) (180
2
(183)
)
1
0
0
0
Decimal to hexadecimal
Decim
al
5,832

Divisi
on

Resu Remain
lt
der

5,832/16 364.5
364/16 22.75
22/16
1.375
1/16
0.0625

0.5
0.75
0.375
0.0625

54
Decimal to binary
625
(54)
1

125
(53)
0

25
(52)
0

5
(51)
0

1
(50)
0

Decimal to hexadecimal

Working

Hex
Valu
e
0.5*16= 8
8
0.75*16= 12
C
0.375*16= 6
6
0.0625*16= 1
1
Answer
16C8

Decim
al

Divisi
on

Resul
t

Remai
nder

625

625/16
39/16
22/16
1/16

39.0625
2.4375
1.375
0.0625

0.0625
0.4375
0.375
0.0625

Working

Hex
Valu
e
0.625*16= 1
1
0.4375*16= 7
7
0.375*16= 6
6
0.0625*16= 1
1
Answer
1671

28
Decimal to binary
25 12 64 32 16 8
4
2
1
5
4
3
2
1
6 8 (2 (2 (2 (2 (2 (2 (20
(2 (2 6)
)
)
)
)
)
)
8
) 7)
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
Decimal to hexadecimal
Decim
al

Divisi
on

Resu
lt

Remain
der

256

256/16

16

0
Answer

Hex
Valu
e
16
16

Decimal

Binary

Hexadecimal

25= 32
46= 4,096
183= 5,832
54= 625
28= 256

100000
1000000
1000
10000
100000000

2
256
16C8
1671
16

6.From the above table show how the

hexadecimal you arrived at is accurate by
showing the decimal calculations.

25: 2x2x2x2x2= 32
46: 4x4x4x4x4x4= 4,096
183: 18x18x18= 5,832
54: 5x5x5x5= 625
28: 2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2= 256

7.What colour does the hex shown below

represent and how much space is needed
for this pixel when represented as a
decimal. (Show your working)
a52a2a: this HTML colour code is a dark red
colour
8
1
0
0
1

4
0
1
0
0

2
1
0
1
1

1
0
1
0
0

0
1

0
0

1
1

0
0

This is the space required for this colour

represented as a decimal: 101001010010
101000101010.
8.IT services have purchased 150 Network
Cards at a cost of 18.21 each, when
they worked it out as mental arithmetic
they thought it would cost around 3000.
However when the invoice arrived they
were actually charged 2731.50.
Please explain why the two figures
are different?
The two figures are different because
3,000 is rounded to the nearest 1000s and 2,731.50
is the right amount of number or could be a probability
but in this case is the amount is correct as you do 150 x
18.21= 2,731.50.