FRANCHA C. ANDRADE, REG.

CRIM
(Assignment)
1.

In the strict sense of the word, forensic medicine means A. Application of medicine under legal jurisdiction
B. Application of medical sciences to elucidate legal problems
C. Knowledge of law in relation to the practice of medicine
D. Law and Medicine combined

2.

In medico-legal practice, experts considered that brain death occurs when there is A. Deep irreversible coma
B. Absence of electrical brain activity
C. Both A and B are correct
D. Blood clot in the head

3.

The accepted criteria used in determining death are the following, except A. Brain death
B. Cellular death
C. Cardio-respiratory death
D. None of the above

4.

Study shows that in molecular or cellular death, there is death of individual cells within A. 3 6 minutes
B. 20 30 minutes
C. 3 6 hours
D. 20 24 hours

5.

What is the kind of death characterized by a condition where there is a transient loss of
consciousness or temporary cessation of the vital function of the body?
A. Clinical death
B. Molecular death
C. Somatic death
D. Apparent death

6.

What is the doctrine which states that the greater the number of points of similarities and
dissimilarities of two persons compared, the greater is the probability for the conclusion to be correct is
found?
A. Law of Multiplicity of Evidence in Identification
B. Identification by Comparison and Exclusion
C. Probability versus vulnerability
D. Doctrine of parallelism

7.

8.

In its strict sense, which of the following is not a scientific method of identification of person?
A. Finger printing and handwriting
B. Dental Identification
C. Analysis of the skeletal structure
D. Identification by close friend and relatives
In the study of wounds, the following are considered instances when the size of the entrance wound
is bigger than the caliber of the firearm used. One is not included.
A. Contact Fire

B. Deformity of the bullet

C. Acute angular approach of the bullet
D. Fragmentation of the bullet
9.

In personal identification, study shows that ___ is a characteristic of an individual that may not
easily be changed as compared to other characteristics.
A. Structure
B. Speech
C. Mental Memory
D. Gait

10.

In medico legal practice, postmortem lividity maybe due to any of the following, except
A. Sugilation
B. Hypostasis
C. Diffusion
D. Autolysis

11.

The dissolution of the natural continuity of any tissues of the living body is known as
A. Wound
B. Vital reaction
C. Physical injury
D. All of the Above

12.

Appropriately, the identification of firearm or ballistics is important in firearm injury since it helps in
the A. Differentiation between entrance and exit of gunshot wounds
B. Determination of the distance from assailant to the victim
C. Determination of the relative position of the victim from the assailant
D. Identification of the weapon used

13.

In the study of forensic ballistics, the following are products of combustion produced by firearms,
except A. Smudging
B. Tattooing
C. Singeing
D. Confusion collar

14.

In the Philippines, the following government officials are authorized to make death investigation,
except A. Provincial or City prosecutors
B. Director of the National Bureau of Investigation
C. Judges of the Regional Trial Courts
D. Justices of the Supreme Court

15.

16.

When a person dies, what are the different changes that take place in the body after death?
A. Stage of primary flaccidity
B. Stage of postmortem flaccidity
C. Stage of secondary flaccidity
D. All of the above
In death investigation, which of the following has the medico-legal importance of giving the
approximate time of death?

A.
B.
C.
D.

Rigor mortis
Cadaveric spasm
Muscular Contraction
Dilation of the pupil

17.

Expert noted that the unburned or partially burned powder grains embedded in the skin surrounding
the point of entry in gunshot wound usually produce A. Tattooing
B. Peppering
C. Stippling
D. All of these

18.

Which of the following is the kind of alcohol obtained from the destructive distillation of wood
which, according to studies, can cause blindness?
A. Isoprophyl alcohol
B. Ethyl alcohol
C. Methyl alcohol
D. Butanol

19.

Among the following specimen, which one is given the highest level of importance and considered
the best evidentiary specimen that can be used for DNA analysis?
A. Saliva
B. Semen
C. Urine
D. Blood

20.

The presence of invisible substances to the naked eye, like fluorescent powder and invisible crayon,
can be best seen in A. x-ray machine
B. visible light
C. ultra violet light
D. infrared rays

21.

In forensic investigation, when the kind of soil found on suspects clothing is consistent with the soil
found at the crime scene, this would indicate that the A. suspect was in the crime scene
B. suspect has committed the alleged crime
C. suspect was in the area at the time of the crime
D. area where the suspect could not be ascertained

22.

23.

Which of the following technique is used to compare trace elements found in soil?
A. macroscopic examination
B. spectrographic analysis
C. density analysis
D. enzyme analysis
What non-destructive instrumental test used to determine the crystalline structure of chemical
compound in paints?
A. x-ray diffraction
B. infra-red spectography
C. emission spectography
D. phyrolysis-gas chromatography

24.

The instrument that criminalists use most often in metal detection and identification is the A. Mass Spectrometer
B. Newton activation analysis
C. Spectrograph
D. infra-red spectrophotograph

25.

Chemists suggested that the most suitable material for making foot mark cast in soil is A. plaster of paris
B. paraffin wax
C. shellac
D. candle wax

26.

What is called the science of drugs that deals with their preparatory, used and effects?
A. Pharmacology
B. Therapeutics
C. Drug therapy
D. Toxicology

27.

In narcotics investigation, the test used to distinguish heroin found in morphine is A. Marquis test
B. Froedes test
C. Ferric Chloride test
D. Simons test

28.

The prescription of drugs is commonly shown by the symbol

A. RX
B. PH
C. TM
D. TX

29.

In the study of metals, experts suggested that all types of serial number on metal can be restored by
acid through A. acid etching
B. density gradient method
C. benzidine test
D. metal polish

30.

Shabu is the street name of chemical compound belonging to the amphethamine group of drugs
specifically known as
A. mephoridne
B. methaqualome
C. methamphetamine
D. All of the above

31.

The botanical name of marijuana plant which is a source of narcotic drug is

A. Bhang ganja
B. Hashish
C. Cannabis sativa
D. Lima fingeria

32.

When comparing soil samples by microscopic examination, the number one consideration should be
A.
B.
C.
D.

observed the color and granularity

determine the density
sampling method
specification of microscope

33.

The instrumental analysis that is most useful for identification of synthetic fiber found at the crime
scene is A. x-ray defraction and gas chromatograph
B. mass spectrometry and emission spectrography
C. pyrolysis and atomic absorption spectrophotometry
D. infra-red spectrophotometry & gas chromatography

34.

In the study of blood, the ABO system divides the human race into four blood types, the lowest
percentage is
A. O type
B. A type
C. B type
D. AB type

35.

36.

Among the following blood cells, which one is the white blood cell?
A. thrombocytes
B. leukocytes
C. erythcocytes
D. None of these
The study of the identification and characterization of body fluids such as semen, blood and saliva is
called A. Semenology
B. Serology
C. Posology
D. Biology

37. In questioned document examination, what is referred to as the degree of writing inclinations? It is also
sometimes known as the slope of writing.
A. Slant
B. Baseline
C. Proportion
D. Alignment
38. It is an illustration of the basic letter design which is the fundamentals of the writing system. Which one
of the following is referred to?
A. Writing system
B. Copybook form
C. Writing movement
D. Line quality
39. The study of writing specimen in which the letters are joined together is called cursive writing. What a
specimen of writing is illustrated in a disconnected style?
A. Pen lift
B. Hiatus

C. Hand lettering
D. Broken lines
40. Which of the following refers to the factors relative to the execution of the writing or the circumstances
under which writing was prepared?
A. Writing condition
B. Line quality
C. Writing forms
D. Natural variation
41. Photographers suggested that ___ is the type of examination designed to show minute details of a small
object.
A. Microscope examination
B. Oblique Light examination
C. Photomicrography
D. Transmitted light examination
42. What kind of paper, in document examination, which has been treated in such a way as to minimize the
change of successful forgery by erasures, whether mechanical or chemical?
A. Chemical paper
B. Tested Paper
C. Polyethylene Coated paper
D. Safety paper
43. In the study of forgery cases, the forged signature which resembles the genuine signature made by free
hand movement and constant practice is known as A. Traced forgery
B. Simple forgery
C. Simulated forgery
D. Spurious signature
44. Which of the following type of pen is a modern pen which contains a reservoir of ink in a specially
designed chamber?
A. Fountain pen
B. Ball point pen
C. Ink master pen
D. Reynolds pen
45. In dealing with handwriting, what is called that interruption in a stroke, caused by sudden removal of the
writing instrument from the paper surface?
A. Tremor
B. Pen lift
C. Retouching
D. Hiatus
46. What do you call that introductory backward stroke found in some small letters?
A. Hitch
B. Humps
C. Beard
D. Buckle knot

47. According to experts in questioned document examination, the first step in the procurement of
typewriting exemplars should be A. Procurement of the suspected typewriter
B. Acquisition of typewriting exemplars
C. Study of the questioned typewriting
D. Checking the price of typewriters in the market
48. A stroke which goes back over another writing strokes in which is slightly to occur due to lack of
movement control is termed as A. Retouching
B. Shading
C. Retracing
D. Patching
49. As a rule in QD examination, it is easier to determine whether or not a signature is forged, but it is
difficult on the other hand to established who committed the forgery because A. The forger might be a left handed
B. Imitations one of the most effective means to disguise ones handwriting
C. Study of the questioned typewriting
D. There should be no sufficient standards available.
50. Among the following, when the hammer pushes the firing pin, what initiates the combustion of the
gunpowder in a shell?
A. Bullet
B. Primer
C. Trigger
D. Push over
51. In the study of firearms, what type of primer consists only of one flash hole or vent?
A. Berdan
B. Boxer
C. Battery
D. Foxhole type
52. Appropriately termed, what is called that metallic on non-metallic cylindrical ball that can be propelled
from a firearm?
A. Bullet
B. Shell
C. Hammer ball
D. Barrel ball
53. The importance of individual marks left on the bullet by a gun barrel is that, it is useful in directly
identifying the A. bullet which caused the fatal wound
B. person who fired the particular form
C. gun from which a bullet was fired
D. possible direction of shot
54. What instrument is used in measuring the pitch of the rifling of a firearm?
A. Calipher
B. Helizometer
C. Tortion balance

D. Chronograph
55. What is the rate of speed of the bullet per unit of time at which it leaves the gun muzzle expressed in
ft/sec?
A. Penetration
B. Impact
C. Muzzle velocity
D. Trajectory
56. As a safety precaution in firing, when one draws of the pistol, the index finger should A. Touch the outside of the trigger guard
B. Grasp the stock
C. Be straighten along the barrel
D. Be inside the trigger guard
57. What type of a firearm has six lands and grooves with right twist the width of the grooves is twice the
width of the lands?
A. Smith and Wesson type
B. Colt type
C. Browning type
D. Webley type
58. The mechanism of a firearm which grasps the rim of the cartridge case and withdraw it from the
chamber is called A. Extractor
B. Lock
C. Ejector
D. Extractor rod
59. In photography, what is called a magnified photograph of a small object obtained by attaching a camera
to the ocular of a compound microscope?
A. Microphotography
B. Photomicrograph
C. Macrophotography
D. Photomacrograph
60. Among the following, what type of a bullet is designed to inflict greater damage compared to the
ordinary types?
A. Dum-dum bullet
B. Armor piercing bullet
C. Incendiary bullet
D. Explosive
61. Among the following, what type of bullet is designed to emit bright flame at night when fired?
A. Armor piercing bullet
B. Incendiary bullet
C. Tracer bullet
D. None of these
62. What type of cartridge has a rim diameter smaller than the body?
A. Rimmed type
B. Belted Type

C. Rebated Type
D. Rimless Type
63. What type of cartridge has a priming mixture located at the cavity rim and usually flat base?
A. Rim-free
B. Pin-fire
C. Center-fire
D. Belted
64. In ballistics, it is the helical grove mark found inside the bore of the barrel designed to impart rotation
motion of the bullet.
A. Lands
B. Grooves
C. Rifling
D. Pitch of rifling
65. What is called the individual marks found at the anterior portion of the bullet due to its forwards
movement to the barrel before it initially rotates?
A. Skid marks
B. Shaving marks
C. Stripping marks
D. Slippage marks
66. When cartridge cases are found at the scene of firing, it means that a ____ firearm was used.
A. Single shot
B. Automatic
C. Bold action
D. Double action
67. The term used to refer to the unstable rotation motion of a projectile is A. Ricochet
B. Yaw
C. Key hole shot
D. Back shot
68. What is that condition in firing at which the cartridge took several seconds before it discharges upon
firing or a delayed in the discharge of the cartridge happened?
A. Misfire
B. Backfire
C. Hang fired
D. Buckshot
69. In the study of poisons, several kinds are noted to be odorless and colorless while some are obnoxious.
Among the following, which poisonous chemical has the smell of a rotten egg?
A. H2S
B. CO
C. CO2
D. H2O
70. What is the normal amount of semen per ejaculation of a normal built person?
A. 1.5 to 3.5 cc
B. 2.5 to 3.5 cc

C. 3.5 to 5.5 cc
D. 3.5 to 4.5 cc
71. What is known as the reproduction of an impression made on soft surface by utilizing casting materials?
A. Dry fusion
B. Metallic aides
C. Moulage
D. Plaster of Paris
72. The expulsion of the product of conception after the death of the pregnant woman brought about by the
post mortem contraction of the uterine muscle is called A. Natural abortion
B. Post mortem abortion
C. Induced abortion
D. Therapeutic abortion
73. What kind of solution is used in the restoration or serial numbers such as stainless, steel, lead, and cast
iron?
A. Saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate
B. Etching solution
C. Colloidal magnesium
D. Borax Solution
74. Which of the following test result will confirm the biological source of the blood?
A. White crystalline
B. Salmon pink
C. Dark brown rhomboid crystal
D. White cloudy precipitate
75. What is the drug jargon used to refer to a white crystalline powder with a bitter numbering taste known
as metamphetamine hydrochloride?
A. Cocaine
B. Junkie
C. White Tawas
D. Shabu
76. What is the principal active component of opium which comes in white crystalline powder or tablets?
A. Heroin
B. Morphine
C. Cocaine
D. Codeine
77. What type of drugs relieves pain and often induce sleep although they may be considered narcotics?
A. Tranquilizers
B. Analgesics
C. Sedatives
D. Barbiturates
78. Among the following, what preliminary test in blood in a solution of 1 to 80,000 dilution?
A. Benzidine
B. Phenolphthalein
C. Guiacum

D. Leucomalachine green
79. These are drugs which affects sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotion. They may be mild or
overwhelming depending on the dose and quality of the drugs. Which one is described?
A. Narcotics
B. Hallucinogens
C. Sedatives
D. Stimulants
80. Which of the following is considered conclusive sign of human death?
A. Cessation of respiration
B. Cooling of the body
C. Cessation of heart function and circulation
D. Heating of the body
81. The change of color of the body after death when blood accumulates the dependent portion of the body
is called A. Rigor mortis
B. Algor mortis
C. Livor mortis
D. Edgar mortis
82. What characterized molecular death?
A. There is loss of life of the cells of the body
B. It occurs immediately after
C. It is usually pronounced by the physician
D. There is a transient loss of vital function of the body individual
83. The elements of violent death are, except A. That the victim at the time the injuries were inflicted was in normal health
B. That death may be expected from the physical injuries
C. That death ensued within a reasonable time
D. That death ensued from a lingering illness
84. How many minutes is necessary when persistent cessation in respiration, circulation and brain function
sufficient to declare a person clinically dead?
A. 5 minutes
B. 15 minutes
C. 10 minutes
D. 20 minutes
85. What is the general term used to all forms of violent death which result primarily from the interference
with the process of respiration or the condition in which the supply of oxygen to the blood or to the
tissues or both has been reduced below normal level?
A. Livor mortis
B. Flaccidity
C. Rigor mortis
D. Asphyxia
86. Which of the following statement can lead a prudent mind to the conclusion of a homicidal drowning?
A. History of previous attempt to commit suicide
B. Presence of motive for the killing

C. Absence of mark of violence on the body surface

D. Mentality of the person
87. Which of the following is a qualitative test for carbon monoxide in the blood?
A. Kunkels Test
B. T-test
C. KN test
D. Analysis of variance
88. One important characteristics of a gunshot wound exit is that A. the edges are everted
B. the size is smaller the missile
C. the edge is inverted
D. the shape is round or oval
89. When the head is free and mobile, a blow on the back of the head may produce laceration in the front
part of the brain. This is what type of injury?
A. Direct of coup injury
B. Contre-coup injury
C. Remote
D. Coup-contre-coup injury
90. In gunshot wounds, when there is evident burning of tissues and blackening of the skin, it may be
ascertained that it is a near contact fire meaning that the distance of the body to the gun is approximately
about A. 6 inches range
B. 12 inches range
C. 18 inches range
D. 24 inches range
91. A physical injury which is found at the site and also at the opposite of the application of force is called A. Extensive injury
B. Coup injury
C. Contre-coup injury
D. Coup-contre coup injury
92. When a person is stabbed by an ice-pick, what would be the kind of wound exhibited?
A. Punctured wound
B. Lacerated wound
C. Hack wound
D. Incised wound
93. What type of a pattern possesses an angle, an up trust, or two of the three basic characteristic of a loop in
fingerprint?
A. Plan arch
B. Tented arch
C. Central pocket loop
D. Accidental whorl
94. What is the type of fingerprint pattern where the looping or slanting ridges flows towards the little
finger?
A. Loop

B. Radial Loop
C. Ulnar loop
D. Tented arch
95. What type of fingerprint pattern consisting of a core, delta, re-curving ridge and a ridge count of at least
one?
A. Radial loop
B. Ulnar loop
C. Loop
D. Tented arch
96. What type of fingerprint pattern consisting of two or more deltas, one or more ridge forming a complete
circuitry and when an imaginary line is drawn from left delta to right delta it touches or cross the
circulating ridges?
A. Plain whorl
B. Double Loop whorl
C. Central pocket loop whorl
D. Accidental whorl
97. In an accidental whorl type of fingerprint pattern, what pattern is not included in the combination?
A. Ulnar loop
B. Plain Whorl
C. Tented arch
D. Plain arch
98. Bonus B
99. It is a point along a ridge formation, which is found in front or near the center of the diverging type
lines. What is being referred to?
A. Core
B. Delta
C. Island ridge
D. Convergence
100. What is the rule when there are two or more possible bifurcation deltas which conform to the
definition of delta?
A. The one nearest the core should be chosen
B. The one away from the core should be counted
C. The one which does not open towards the core is counted
D. All of the above are correct
It is refers to the scientific study of fingerprints as a means of identification, and this was derived from two
Greek words, i.e., dactyl, which means finger and skopien, meaning to study or to examine.
A.
poroscopy
B.
dactyloscopy
C.
fingerprinting
D.
none of these
2.
It is refers to the practical application of fingerprintsthe making of identification, comparison and
classification, especially, such an impression made in ink and used as a means of identification.
A.
dactylography
B.
fingerprinting
C.
dactyloscopy
D.
all of these
3.
In 1897, he proposed a modified classification system which was adopted by Scotland Yard, and which
is still the basis for taking fingerprints in most English speaking countries.

A.
C.

Sir Francis Galton

Sir Govald Bildloo

B.
D.

Sir Henry Faulds

Sir Edward Henry

4.
He is an English scientist who write and a book entitled Finger Prints in which was laid out a
classification method of fingerprints.
A.
Juan Vucetich
B.
Bonifacio Malphegi
C.
Sir Francis Galton
D.
Johan Mayer
5.
He identified the thief and murderer of Scheffer in 1902, who had previously been arrested and his
fingerprints filed some months before, from the fingerprints found on a fractured glass showcase, after a theft in
a dentist's apartment where the dentist's employee was found dead.
A.
Francisco Roxas
B.
Alphonse Bertillon
C.
J. Edgar Hoover
D.
Francis Galton
6.

It is the procedure of taking inked impressions of a person's fingerprints for the purpose of identification.
A.
dactylography
B.
personal identification
C.
dactylospcopy
D.
fingerprinting
7.
It is that part of a loop or whorl in which appear the cores, deltas, and ridges with which are the concerns
in classifying, and it is the only part of the impression given consideration in interpretation and classification of
fingerprints.
A.
fingerprint pattern
B.
plain impressions
C.
pattern area
D.
tip of the fingers
8.
It is found in about 5% of fingerprint patterns, and ordinarily, there is no delta in an arch pattern but
where there a delta no re-curving ridge must intervene between the core and delta points
A.
plain arch
B.
tented arc
C.
all of these
D.
arch
9.
It is seen in about 23% to 35% of fingerprint patterns, and this is any fingerprint pattern which contains
two or more deltas will be a whorl pattern, and there exists a re-curve preceding each delta.
A.
whorl
B.
plain whorl
C.
central pocket whorl D.
accidental whorl
10.
It is of course, desirable to have a definite sequence or order of filing the prints within the sub-divided
groups.
A.
secondary
B.
final classification
C.
primary
D.
major classification
11.
It is obtained by counting the ridges of the first loop appearing on the fingerprint cardbeginning with
the right thumb, exclusive of the little fingers which are never considered for the key as they are reserved for the
final.
A.
primary
B.
final
C.
secondary
D.
key
12.
Is the term used to define common micro features in fingerprints, and common minutiae points are the
intersection of bifurcations, ending points of islands and the center point of the sweat glands.
A.
core
B.
delta
C.
none of these
D.
minutiae point
13.
For the purpose of obtaining the primary classification, __________ are assigned to each of the tenfinger spaces. Wherever a whorl appears, it assumes the values of the space in which it is found.
A.
numerator
B.
numerical values

C.
constant value
D.
denominator
14.
It occurs in about 60% to 70% of the fingerprint patterns, wherein one or more of the ridges enters on
either side, re-curves, crosses the line running from the delta to the core and terminates in the direction of the
side where the ridges entered, and it has one delta, one core, and has a ridge count.
A.
radial loop
B.
ulnar loop
C.
plain loop
D.
loop
15.
For the purpose of obtaining this, the numerical values are assigned to each of the ten-finger spaces.
Wherever a whorl appears, it assumes the values of the space in which it is found.
A.
final classification
B.
primary classification
C.
key classification
D.
major classification
16.
It is obtained by counting the ridges of the first loop appearing on the fingerprint cardbeginning with
the right thumb, exclusive of the little fingers which are never considered for the key as they are reserved for the
final.
A.
primary
B.
final
C.
secondary
D.
key
17.
It is placed just to the left of the primary in the classification formula, and where whorl appears tracings
just as the secondary does.
A.
major division
B.
final classification
C.
key classification
D.
primary division
18.
These are the canal-like impressions or a depression found between the ridges, and which may be
compare with the low area in a tire thread.
A.
furrows
B.
island
C.
epidermis
D.
shoulder
19.
For the purpose of obtaining this, the numerical values are assigned to each of the ten-finger spaces.
Wherever a whorl appears, it assumes the values of the space in which it is found.
A.
final classification
B.
primary classification
C.
key classification
D.
major classification
20.
These are tine elevation or hill like structures found on the epidermis layer of the skin containing sweat
pores, and it appears as black lines with tiny white dots called pores in an inked impression.
A.
ridges
B.
furrows
B.
bifurcation
D.
divergence
21.
How many parts does a camera generally have, with all other parts treated as accessories?
A.
Four
B.
Six
C.
Five
D.
Seven
22.

23.

LASER is also referred to as:

A.
Ultraviolet light
B.
C.
Infrared light
D.

Coherent Light
Visible light

In police photography, what is the ideal weight for enlarging an image?

A.
Double weight
B.
Medium weight
C.
Single weight
D.
Triple weight

24.
It suggests an enclosure or devoid of light, opens and closes on a predetermined time during exposure
and allows only the light coming from the lens to reach the film.
A.
Lens
B.
Shutter

C.

Body

D.

Lens opening

25.
Its function is to focus the light coming from the subject. It is chiefly responsible for the sharpness of the
image formed through which light passes during exposure.
A.
Lens
B.
Aperture
C.
Shutter
D.
View finder
26.
It is the distance measured from the optical center of the lens to the film plane when the lens is focused
at infinity position.
A.
Depth of field
B.
Focal length
C.
Normal lens
D.
Hyper-focal distance
27.
The light gathering power of the lens is expressed in the fnumber system. In police photography it is
also called as:
A.
Relative aperture
B.
Normal lens
C.
Depth of field
D.
Hyper-focal lens
28.
It is the nearest distance at which lens is focused with a given diaphragm opening to give the maximum
depth of field.
A.
Normal lens
B.
Relative aperture
C.
Depth of field
D.
Telephoto lens
29.
It is a mechanism that measures the angle of the convergence of light coming from a subject as seen
from two apertures.
A.
Range finder
B.
View finder
C.
Split image
D.
Normal view
30.
It is a homogeneous medium which absorbs and transmits different light rays passing through it.
A.
Split image
B.
Filter
C.
Lens
D.
Shutter
31.
It is the process of reduction where exposed silver halides are reduced to metallic silver. There is a
separate developer for film (D-76) and another for paper (D-72) Dektol.
A.
Fixation
B.
Development
C.
Stop bath
D.
Fixer
32.

What color is given off by sodium salt during the flame test?
A.
Red
B.
Blue
C.
Pink
D.
Yellow

33.
If a basic exposure for a given film under bright sunlight is 1/125 f16, what would be the exposure
setting at dull sunlight?
A.
1/125 f 4
B.
1/125 f8
C.
1/125 f 5.6
D.
1/125 f16
34.

Assuming all conditions will be the same, which film gives the finest of grains?
A.
ASA 1600
B.
ASA 200
C.
ASA 100
D.
ASA 400

35.
It holds the negative flat and leveled, fitted between the light housing assembly and the lens of the
enlarger.
A.
Bellows
B.
Easel
C.
Head assembly
D.
Negative carrier

36.
Mr. Manzue is an official photographer of CSI, when he preserved the crime scene, he found out that
most of pictures developed was cracked and distorted, what kind of defect experienced of Mr.Manzue?
A.
Split Type
B.
Coincidence Image
C.
Shadowing
D.
Out of Focus
37.
Which camera type is ideal for use in police photography because of its versatility and interchangeable
ability of lenses?
A.
Press type
B.
Single lens reflex type
C.
Rangefinder type
D.
Box type
38.
It is a means of determining the field of view of the camera or the extent of the coverage of the lens, and
usually this is un-extendable?
A.
Release Cable
B.
Button Flush
C.
View Finder
D.
Focusing Mechanism
39.

What is that kind of film with the longest range of sensitivity in the electromagnetic spectrum?
A.
Panchromatic
B.
Bluesensitive
C.
Infrared film
D.
Orthochromatic

40.
Why should the taking of photographs from an unusual camera position in crime photography be
avoided?
A.
it distorts the focus
B.
it distorts the magnification
C.
it distorts perspective
D.

it distorts texture

41.
He is a forensic expert and ballistic pioneer, who first used the comparison microscope in 1927 to
analyze bullets recovered in a murder case of Allessandro Berrardelli.
A.
C.

Alfred Krupp
Calvin Goddard

B.

Benjamin Robins
D.
Smith & Wesson

42.
It allows for the capturing of digital images of fired bullets and cartridge casings which are then
analyzed to provide the examiner with a list of possible hints for examination using a comparison microscope.
A.
Integrated Ballistics Identification System
B.
Advance Ballistics Analysis System
C.
Three Dimensional Rendering Output
D.
all of these
43.
It is a branch of the science of criminal law in which are studied the technical questions arising during
the investigation of crimes involving the use, of firearms and ammunition.
A.
forensic ballistics
B.
firearms fingerprinting
C.
firearms examination
D.
firearms analysis

44.
It is the speed in a given direction, and gives both the speed and direction of the bullets motion, and in
order for it to be constant, a bullet must have a constant speed and motion in a constant direction.
A.
travel
B.
gravity
C.
distance
D.
velocity
45.
These are marks produced by the random imperfections or irregularities of tool surface of the firearms,
and these random imperfections or irregularities are produced incidental to manufacture and/or caused by use,
corrosion, or damage.
A.
individual characteristics
B.
group characteristics
C.
manufacturing characteristics
D.
separate characteristics
46.
Firearms are an instrument used for the propulsion of projection by means of the expansive force of
gases coming from burning gunpowder. It is a weapon that launches projectile(s) at high velocity through
confined burning of a propellant. This burning process is also technically known as:
A.
deflagration
B.
fragmentation
C.
conflagration
D.
dissolution
47.
It should be noted that not all firearms leave consistent reproducible marks, and eighty percent of the
different types and calibers of firearms produced a "__________" on the bullets and cartridge cases that pass
through them.
A.
firearms fingerprint
B.
mechanical fingerprint
C.
tool-marks fingerprint
D.
ballistics fingerprint
48.
The primary factors affecting the aerodynamics of a bullet in flight are the bullet's shape and the rotation
imparted by the rifling of the gun barrel, while the __________ stabilize the bullet gyroscopically as well as
aerodynamically.
A.
rotational force
B.
cylindrical force
C.
twisting force
D.
circular force

49.
Bullets must have a surface which will form the seal without causing excessive friction; and therefore
bullets must be produced to a high standard, as __________ can affect firing accuracy.
A.
base imperfections
B.
diameter imperfections
C.
surface imperfections
D.
length imperfections
50.
The functioning of cartridge case are basically the same whether it is fired in revolvers, pistols, rifles,
shotguns or machine guns, as follows, EXCEPT:
A.
it holds the bullet, gunpowder and primer assembled into one unit
B.
it serves as a waterproof container for the gunpowder
C.
It prevents the escape of the gases to the rear as the sidewalls are forced against the wall or an
object

D.

it is the key component of a metallic center-fire cartridge

51.
The cup contains a highly sensitive mixture of chemical compound, which when struck by the firing pin
would detonated to ignite, and such action is called __________.
A.
percussion
B.
incursion
C.
incineration
D.
expulsion
52.
The crimp is that part of the mouth of a cartridge case that turned in upon the bullet. It works two ways,
and that is, it aids in holding the bullet in place, and the other is:
A.
it offers resistance to the movement of the bullet out of the neck which affects the burning of
gunpowder
B.
it is the so-called straight cases which involve only a slight taper, it is not
C.
it is very long and sloping, making them difficult to reliably headspace on the shoulder.
D.
it is inherently stable walls and are unaffected by changes in temperature
53.
Generally, there is little hope of finding adequate quantities of barium and antimony to associate an
individual with a weapon after how many hours of normal hand activities.
A.
one (1) day
B.
four (4) days
C.
three (3) hours
D.
two (2) days
54.
This refers to the firearms, bullets, cartridge shell, victims clothing, gunpowder residue, and any object
or articles found at the crime scene, victim or offender, relatively with the crimes committed with use of
firearms.
A.
ballistics exhibits
B.
forensics exhibits
C.
physical evidence
D.
firearms exhibits
55.
In the collection of ballistics exhibits, considerations must be given to the articles which are consisting
of the following: any physical object which may tend to show, indicate or nor, a crime was committed, and
__________.
A.
anything which may connect some particular person with the crime or crime scene
B.
like the fired bullets, the shells should be also be marked by the investigator
C.
the suspected firearms, besides noting down its pertinent features should be also marked
D.
it is also a must for the investigator to observe the marking of ballistics exhibits
56.

Which of the following is one of the major sections of the polygraph?

A.
Cardiospymograph
B.
Kymograph
C.
Galvanograph
D.
Pheumograph

57.

What is the normal heart rate among adult males?

A.
90-95 beats/minute B.
70-75 beats/minute
C.
50-55 beats/minute D. 90-110 beats/minute

58.

What do you call the corrugated rubber bellows which are fastened to the abdomen of the subject?
A.
Pheumograph tubes B.
Cardiospymograph tubes
C.
Corrugated tubes
D.
Rubber tubes

59.

When the subject enters the polygraph room, what kind of greeting must be received from the examiner?
A.
Warm
B.
Arrogant
C.
Cordial but firm
D.
Sarcastic

60.

What is attached to the cardio spymograph section?

A.
C.
61.

Hand cuff
Blood pressure cuff

D.

B.
Barometer
Pushing cuff

What kind of questions should be formulated for purposes of polygraph examination?

A.
those that call for positive response
B.
those that will elaborate the subject matter
C.
those that narrate a story
D.
those that are answerable by yes or no

62.

What process is greatly aided by the polygraph test?

A.
for conviction of subject in court
B.
for further investigation by the police
C.
for detection of all suspects
D.
for testimony by police in the court
63.
After the warm up with the interviewee, the investigator is ready to obtain the knowledge his subject
may possess. How does he begin?
A.
by asking the interviewee simple questions which gradually become difficult
B.
by asking questions designed to give yes or no responses
C.
by asking about the subjects background and personal life
D.
by allowing the interviewee to give a complete uninterrupted account of event/situation
64.

What is the most important factor in the lie detection process?

A.
the environment
B.
the lie detector
C.
the examiner
D.
the subject

65.

What is the best sitting position for the investigator while conducting the investigation?
A.
seated in front of the subject who is also seated
B.
seated behind a desk while the subject is seated opposite him
C.
seated at an elevation and at a slight angle from the subject
D.
seated close to the subject with no intervening furniture

66.
What instrument was devised in 1945 for recording muscular activity along with changes in blood
pressure, pulse, respiration and GSR?
A.
Ink polygraph
B.
Keeler polygraph
C.
Reid polygraph
D.
Larson polygraph
67.
What test is done where the examiner asks the subject a series of relevant questions regarding the crime
and a series of irrelevant questions in plan and order?
A.
peak of tension test
B.
small well test
C.
general question test
D.
over description test
68.

69.

How should the detainee be treated prior to being subjected to a lie detection test?
A.
be treated normally
B.
be given food or drink water one hour prior to the test
C.
should not be allowed to speak to anyone except the examiner
D.
should have been awake for at least two hours
What is the most important factor in the lie detection process?
A.
the environment
B.
the subject
C.
the examiner
D.
the machine

70.

A neutral questions posed during polygraph examination is one thatA.

is designed to motivate a response
B.
is designed to observe a nervous or tense reaction
C.
is given for the subjects relaxation
D.
is irrelevant to the issue of the case

71.
It is committed by any person who, with intent to defraud, signs the name of another person or of a
fictitious person knowing that he or she has no authority to do so or falsely alters, forges or counterfeits any
check, draft, bill for the payment of money or property.
A.
simple forgery
B.
forgery
C.
traced forgery
D.
simulated forgery
72.
This is a type of forgery wherein the forger is confronted with the absence of a model signature, attempts
to produce a facsimile of the genuine signature of the one being forged.
A.
traced forgery
B.
simple forgery
C.
none of the above
D.
simulated forgery
73.
This is a type of forgery wherein the forger could not avail of a genuine signature to use as a model
before attempting to forge a signature, thus, he merely relies from his memory in replicating the genuine
signature.
A.
simulated forgery
B.
simple forgery
C.
traced forgery
D.
Carbon dating
74.
These sharp pointed beginning stroke which can be made when the writing instruments is in motion
before it touches the paper.
A.
Blunt Initial Strokes
B.
Flying Initial Strokes
c.
Blunt terminal Strokes
d.
Flying terminal Strokes
75.
In analyzing questioned documents, which of the following is least likely to be successful?
A.
establishment of the age of the ink used
B.
determination of make and age of typewriter
C.
restitution of erased or eradicated writing
D.
identifying the peculiarity of an individual
76.
What exemplar obtained from official records, personal affair or any other documents may be used in
the examination of documents?
A.
collected standard
B.
prepared standard
C.
requested standard
D.
dictated standard
77.
It is any property or mark known to be the identifying details of the suspect which is distinguishable in
document examination.
A.
writing habits
B.
individual characteristics
C.
class characteristics
D.
natural variations
78.
Materials compiled and organized by the document examiner to assist him in answering special
questions?
A.
Sample
B.
Standards
C.
Reference collection D.
Exemplars

79.
It is a forged signature where no attempt was done to make a copy or facsimile of the genuine signature
of the person purporting to sign the document.
A.
simple forgery
B.
simulated forgery
C.
traced forgery
D.
falsification
80.

It is the act of intermittently forcing the pen against the paper surface.
A.
pen pressure
B.
pen lift
C.
pen emphasis
D.
pen stop

81.

It is any peculiarity of typewriting caused by actual damage on the type-face or to the type face-metal.
A.
mal-alignment
B.
type-face defects
C.
type defects
D.
clogged defects

82.
The letters and characters are designed to print at a certain fixed angle to the base line of the typewriter,
but they become warped so that they lean to the right or left of the slant.
A.
twisted letters
B.
tilted characters
C.
mal-alignment
D.
off-its-feet
83.
These are sets of materials which have been written on the machine consisting of day-to-day questions
in the course of business or private affairs.
A.
requested standard
B.
collected standard
C.
prepared standard
D.
dictated standard
84.
Handwriting samples of the same writer may vary somewhat according to the conditions under which
the writing was done. In which of the following classes of writers are such variations in genuine writing likely
to occur?
A.
Men writers
B.
Women writers
C.
Practiced writers
D.
Semi-illiterate writers
85.
It is the act or process of making a close and critical study of any material necessary to discover the facts
about them.
A.
observation
B.
evaluation
C.
examination
D.
investigation
86.
It is the branch of medicine that deals with the application of medical knowledge to the purpose of the
law and in the administration of justice.
A.
surgical medicine
B.
obstetrics & genecology
C.
medical autopsies
D.
forensic medicine
87.
The role of the teeth in human identification is necessary important because of the following reasons,
EXCEPT:
A.
the possibility of two persons to have the same
dentition is quite remote
B.
the importance of dental characteristics as a means of
identification
C.
ante-mortem records are reliable comparative or
exclusionary mode of identification
D.
the human teeth is infallible, reliable and permanent

88.
It is the rise of temperature of the body after death, due to rapid and early putrefactive changes or some
internal changes, and usually observed in the first two hours of death.
A.
anti-mortem caloricy
B.
anti-mortem lividity
C.
post-mortem caloricity
D.
post-mortem lividity
89.
After death, the body loses slowly its temperature by evaporation of by conduction to the surrounding
atmosphere, and it is one of the prominent signs and indications of death.
A.
livor mortis
B.
algor mortis
C.
instantenous rigor
D.
rigor mortis
90.
The loss of tone of blood vessels cause the blood to be under the influence of gravity, capillaries may be
distended with blood that will coalesce with one another until the whole area becomes dull-red or purplish in
color and this is known as:
A.
livor mortis
B.
algor mortis
C.
instantenous rigor
D.
rigor mortis
91.
Three to six hours after death, the muscles gradually stiffen, and it usually starts at the muscles of the
neck and lower jaw and spread downwards to the chest, abdomen, arm, and lower limbs, and this is considered
as natural phenomenon, and termed as:
A.
all of these
B.
rigor mortis
C.
livor mortis
D.
algor mortis
92.
This is due to extreme nervous system injury to the chest, and this also to the fact that the last voluntary
contraction of the muscle during life does not stop after death.
A.
lividity
B.
putrefaction
C.
flaccidity
D.
cadaveric spasm
93.
It is the breaking down of complex protein into simpler components associated with the evolution of
foul smelling gases and accompanied by the change of color of the body.
A.
none of these
B.
putrefaction
C.
flaccidity of muscle D.
decomposition
94.
It is a comprehensive study of a dead body, performed by a trained physician employing recognized
dissection procedure and techniques, and it includes removal of tissues for further examination.
A.
medical examination B.
autopsy
C.
autopsy examination D.
all of these
96.
It is the general term applied to all forms of violent death which results primarily from the interference
with the process of respiration or the condition in which the supply of oxygen to the blood or to the tissue or
both has been reduced below normal level.
A.
asphyxia
B.
comatose
C.
anoxemia
D.
heart failure
96. It is a physical injury located not at the site, nor opposite the site of the application of force but in some
areas offering the least resistance to the force applied.
A.
physical injury
B.
contre-coup injury
C.
loss of functions
D.
minoris resistencia
97.
This is produced by a sharp-edged-cutting or sharp-linear edge of the instrument, like a knife, razor,
metal sheet, etc.

A.
chopped wound
C. shacked wound

D.

B.
incised wound
lacerated wound

98.
In entomology of the cadaver, the mere facts that there are maggots in the cadaver, one can conclude that
death has occurred for more than how many hours.
A.
twelve hours
B.
twenty-four hours
C.
twenty hours
D.
fourteen hours
99.
The presence of live flea recovered from the clothing of the victim, it is conclusive that the body has
been in water for a period less than how many hours.
A.
three to six hours
B.
thirty-four hours
C.
none of these
D.
twenty-four hours
100. It is the application and study of insect and other arthropod biology to criminal matters, and is primarily
associated with death investigations.
A.
forensic entomology B.
entomology of victim
C.
forensic insectology D.
entolomogy of cadaver
PLEASE STUDY DIFFERENT KINDS OF TEST OF SEMEN AND BLOOD. ALSO THE
PERSONALITIES WHO CONTRIBUTED THEM.
STUDY ALSO THE FOLLOWING:
1. Macro etching
2. Fingerprint
3. Different kinds of bullets and Ballistic
4. Procedure/SOP in crime scene
5. Chain of Custody