ideally eliminates the fluctuations in the

output voltage of a half-wave or full-wave

rectifier and produces a constant-level dc
voltage
necessary because electronic circuits
require a constant source of dc voltage
and current to provide power and biasing
for proper operation

3 Types of Filter Circuit

1) Capacitor Input
2) Resistor Capacitor (RC)
3) Inductor Capacitor (LC)

1) CAPACITOR-INPUT FILTER
simplest power-supply filter consists of one or more largevalue capacitors, connected in parallel with the rectifier
output

1) CAPACITOR-INPUT FILTER

1) CAPACITOR-INPUT FILTER

RIPPLE, ac variation
RIPPLE VOLTAGE, variation in the capacitor voltage due to
the charging and discharging

RIPPLE FACTOR, indication of effectiveness of the filter

r = VR(PP) / VDC

EXERCISE
Determine the ripple factor for the filtered bridge rectifier with
a load.

2) RC FILTER
purpose of the added RC section is to pass most of the dc
component while attenuating (reducing) as much of the ac
component as possible.

3) LC FILTER
If the supply needs to deliver large or variable amounts of
current, a choke-input filter is a better choice, because the
output voltage is more stable.