CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF

AGRICULTURE
SAN JOSE, PILI, CAMARINES SUR
COLLEGE OF DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION

LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS

I.

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students must:
1. Recall the six trigonometric ratios sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant,
secant and cotangent.
2. Use trigonometric ratios to solve problems involving right triangles in
navigation and surveying.
3. Relate the importance of the concept of navigation and surveying in
real life.
II.
SUBJECT MATTER
A. Topic: Solving problems in navigation and surveying.
B. References: E-Math Advanced Algebra and Trigonometry by Oronce and
Mendoza and Google.
C. Materials: Cut-outs and Manila paper.
D. Skills to Develop: Analysis, critical thinking.
E. Concept: Use trigonometric ratios in problems in navigation and
surveying.
F. Values Integration: Camaraderie, team work, self-esteem.
G. Methodologies: 3Is (Introduction, Interaction and Integration).
III.
PROCEDURE
Teaching Hints
Teachers Activity
Students Activity
A. Preliminary
Activities
1. Greetings

Good Morning Class!

Good Morning Maam!

2. Prayer

Let us all stand for the prayer.

(The teacher leads the prayer.)

(The students stand for the

prayer.)

3. Securing
the Before you take your seats, kindly
arrange your chairs properly and (The students arrange their
Cleanliness
pick up the pieces of papers and chairs properly and pick up the
plastics scattered around you.
pieces of dirt scattered around
them.)
You may now take your seats.
4. Checking
Attendance

of Who are the absentees for today?

5. Checking
Assignment

the Do we have an assignment class?

6. Recall/Motivatio
n

Lets have first a recap on what have

we discussed last meeting.
Who can give a concise summary of
what was discussed the last time we
met? Yes _______________?
What about angle of elevation and
angle of depression?

Thank you maam!

(Beadle reports the names of
the absentees)
None maam!

We discussed about angle of

elevation and angle of
depression.

Precisely! And how can we solve

problems in angle of elevation and
angle of depression?
Very good! Let me test you if you
really learned how to solve problems
regarding angle of elevation and
angle of depression. Who can solve
this problem on the board? Yes
____________?
Problem:
The angle of elevation from a point
118 meters from the base of a tower
to the top of the tower is 69.8. Find
the approximate height of the tower.

Maam! Angle of depression is

the angle between the
horizontal line and the line of
sight to an object that above
the horizontal line while angle
of elevation is the angle
between the horizontal line and
the line of sight to an object
that is below the horizontal line.
Maam! By the use of
trigonometric ratios.

(Student illustrates the problem

first)

tan 69.8 =
Very good!
INTRODUCTION
B. Presentation of
Today we will discuss how to solve
the Lesson
problems
in
navigation
and
surveying.
C. Presentation of
the Objectives
For us to be guided, I have made the
INTERACTION
D. Lesson Proper

x=tan 69.8 ( 118 )

x=320.7146
The height of the tower is
approximately 320.7146 m.

following objectives. Please read the

objectives ____________.
Navigation is an art and science of
directing craft or vehicle from one
position to another position. In
surveying and navigation, directions
are generally given in terms of
bearings. A bearing measures the
acute angle a path makes with a
fixed north-south line.
Examples:
a) The bearing of S 40 E

x
118

(Student reads the objectives)

Who can illustrate the bearing of the

first example? Yes _________________?

a)

b) The bearing of N 55 W
Who can illustrate the bearing of the

second
example?
_________________?

Yes
40

S
b)
N
55

c) The bearing of N 65 E
W

Who can illustrate the bearing of the

third
example?
Yes
_________________?
S

c)

N
65

d) The bearing of S 33 W

Who can illustrate the bearing of the

last example? Yes _________________?
S
d)

Very good! What did you notice in

my examples?

33

Brilliant! It is possible to start the

bearing in east-west line. But why is
it that bearings always start in
north-south line?

All the bearings start with north

and south line.
Excellent! Class, note that all
bearings start with an N for north
and S for south, and then followed
by an angle between 0 and 90 and
end with an E or W for east and
west.

Maam, it always starts with a

north or south line because in
navigation, a fixed north or
south line followed by an acute
angle and end with an east or
west line is being used.

Due south can be represented either

as S 0 E or S 0 W, and due north
can be represented either N 0 E or
N 0 W. Similarly, due east can be
represented either N 90 E or S 90
E, and due west can be represented
either N 90 W or S 90 W.
Did you understand it class?
Let us now proceed into solving
problems involving bearings.
Problem 1
A forest ranger at point A sights a
fire directly north. A second ranger
at a point B, 8.4 miles east of A,
sights the same fire at a bearing N
31 15 W. How far from A is the fire?

Yes maam!

The first thing to do class is to draw

the illustration. Who can draw the
illustration on the board? Yes
_______________?
Nice drawing! Now, who can find the
distance of the fire to point A?

(Student draw the illustration

on the board)

B=90 31 15'
'

B=89 60 31 15 '
B=58 45 '
Awesome! How about this problem?
Problem 2
An airplane traveling at 650 km/h
has a bearing of N 54 E. How far
north and how far east will the plane
be traveling after flying for 2 hours?
Who can draw the illustration first on
the board?

To solve for b,

tan 58 45' =

b
8.4 mi

58 45 '
tan
b=(8.4 mi)
b=13.8428 miles

Since we have now the illustration,

we can now find how far north and
how far east a plane can travel in 2
hours. Who wants to solve it on the
board? Yes _________?

(Student draw the illustration

on the board)

sin 36 =

x
650 km/h

36
sin
x=( 650 km/h)
Excellent! Class, we also have that
so called aerial navigation. In aerial
navigation, directions are given in
degrees clockwise from north. Thus
east is 90, south is 180, and west
is
270.
Examples
or
aerial
navigations:
a) The bearing of 60

x=382.0604 km/h

x=382.0604 km/h( 2)
x=764.1208 km

Far north an

airplane can travel in 2 hours.

sin 54 =
Who can illustrate the bearing of
60? Yes _______________?

x
650 km/h

54
sin
x=( 650 km/h)
x=525.8610 km /h

x=525.8610 km/h(2)

b) The bearing of 120

Who can illustrate the bearing of
60? Yes _______________?

x=1051.7221 km

Far east an

airplane can travel in 2 hours.

a)

60

c) The bearing of 225

W

Who can illustrate the bearing of

225? Yes _______________?

S
b)

N
120

d) The bearing of 300

Who can illustrate the bearing of

3000? Yes _______________?
S

Since you already know how to

illustrate
a
bearing
in
aerial
navigation, let us now solve some
problems in aerial navigation.

c)

Problem 3
An airplane flies 160 km from an
airport in a direction of 150. How
far south of the airport is the plane
then?
Who can draw the illustration on the
board?

Wonderful drawing! Now let us find

how far south of the airport the
airplane is. Who wants to solve it on
the board? Yes ___________?

E
225

S
d)

E
300

Very good! Let us solve another

problem.
Problem 4
An airplane leaves an airport and
travels 100 miles in a direction of
300. How far north of the airport is
the plane then? How far west?
Who can draw the illustration on the
board?

INTEGRATION
E. Activity

Nice drawing! Who can find how far

north is the airplane?

Brilliant! Now, who can find how far

south is the airplane?

(Student draw the illustration

on the board)

cos 30 =

x
160 km

30
cos
x=(160)
x=80 3
The plane is

80 3

km south

of the airport.

Excellent class! Now let us have an

activity.
Directions:
1. The class will be divided into 4
groups.
2. Each group will be given a
problem to be solved for 15
minutes.
3. Choose a representative who

(Student draw the illustration

on the board)

will present
front.

their

work

in

sin 30 =

For you to know how to have a high

score in the activity, please be
guided by the rubrics.
(Rubrics will be posted on the board)

x
100 mi

30
sin
x=(100)
x=50 mi

Are we ready now for the activity?

The plane is 50 mi north of the

airport.

You may now start the activity.

Group 1 Problem
Radar stations A and B are on an
east-west line 5.3 miles apart. A
helicopter is identified at a bearing
of 23 from station A and a bearing
of 293 from station B. Find the
distance from station B to the
helicopter.

F. Generalization

Group 2 Problem
A ship travels 65 km on a bearing of
south 19 10 east and then travels
192 km on a bearing of north 70
50. How far is the ship from where it
started?

sin 60 =

y
100mi

60
sin
y=(100)
y=50 3
The plane is

50 3

west of

the airport.

Group 3 Problem
Juan walks on a bearing of 210 for
12.6 km from point x to point y. How
far south is Juan from his starting
point?
Group 4 Problem
An airplane flies on a course of S 30
E for 150 km. How far south is the
plane from where it originated?
Yes maam!
Did you learn something new today
class?
What did you learn ______________?

How about the others? What did you

learn today?
What do you think is the importance
of the concept of navigation and
surveying in real life?
Very

good!

What

else

is

the

(Students are doing the activity)

importance of it?
It seems that all of you are now
ready for the quiz. Please get
sheet of paper and answer the
problem.

Yes maam!
Maam! I learned how to solve
problems in bearing.
(At least 2 more students give
their thoughts on what they
have learned)
Maam!
The
concept
of
navigation helps pilots as well
as the captains of the ship not
to collide at each other.
(at least 2 more students give
the importance of the concept
of navigation and surveying in
real life)
IV.

EVALUATION.
Solve the problem by showing your illustration and your complete
solution.
1. There are two fire towers, tower A being due west of tower B. A fire
is spotted from the towers, and the bearing from A and B are N 75
E and N 55 W. If the distance from the fire to the line segment AB
is 12 km, how far are the two towers from each other?

V.

ASSIGNMENT
1. A ship travels on a N 50 E course. The ship travels until it is due
north of a port which is 10 nautical miles due east of the port from
which the ship originated. How far did the ship travel?

Prepared by:
Salvacion M. Escarlan
Math Student Teacher

Noted by:
Melcha P. Juminto
Cooperating Teacher