!!! uou.

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I

U]EOVH 1UVNlS{UOTAVN N]I]H

i\.f,N[ISI,fOTId

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SITJYA
l0tn9s,ulHSvtl

IongMn Group UK Limiied,

Longman House, Bumt Mill, Harlow,
E"se\ C\420 4F. Lngl,nd
@Longmm Group UK Limited 1992
Al I ighB re"e^ ed no pan of rhi. pLhLi.arionmJy be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval systdq or lr.rnsrnjt
ted in any fonn or by any means, e1e.lronic, mechani
cal, photocopying, recoftliry, or otherwise, wirhout
the priof vritten pennission of rhe Pl tblishers.
_

First published 1992

Set in Garamond Ught 9.5pt
Pdnted and bound in Italy by Tipolirogralia
G. canale&C.S.p.a Turin

rsBNo 582067588

r-_:'

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"

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f r.,;;oDaciioNl

Go rln ough the rulerial e)u.dy in thc oder that it is

o$r, 1F Lr"r'r.rq
r, 4nr g. e
.lisxdvanrageis t]]e jnrcnsir_r
with *-hjch ee.h skill !s
siudied.A slightleriant wo uld bc to pu( h a chaptef
fiom thc GrammarSectionalier eve.y rvo skills
''.o..i.r.
I
lr^i.\
trl,\o

ItadrnA

I (Unlmownwordt

Reading

2 Gidden difticulties)

Vork ihough tlvo or three lteading chaprers, ihcn

N'o or d.ee Listenhg chepters. dlen conccntute fof
a time on W.ftnrg end Spexking befbre rcrumlng to
lurtherconcenirationon lteadingorLhtening.
crammaf.h.pt--N can be brought in .t regula.
nncflals. or nten p.ti.rlar problenrsefise. lhis
path u il look somcthniglll<ethis:

5 (Con liriomls)

Lis:er:ing I (Souo.L!ofEnglish)

J
Readina

... end so on to the end olthe

Rea.lingScction.thenl

6 (I wjsvif ody)
J
Wri.lrg

2 (Conrn.tions/weakfonns)

.'

7 Negatjve invc$ion)
6 ... 2nd so on thmugh the scrions

Thc Exam PractlccSccLnins-ould be done at dle erd

'WdthA

3 @antasy,/hYPoihetlcal)
12 (Getunds)

a*"

J
Speaking 3 (ukes, dislikes and preterences)

Takc a chapLerftom ea.h section in tum, \!ith a

Cranimaf chxpief alter every ls'o skills chaptc.s Your
pxth sould look like thls:

Speaking 5 (Regreis)... and so on. nccordingrd

rle snd--nts needs
Diffc.cd pans oflhc lxam P.acliccSectioncould be
nrtoduced lvhcn _voufccl lr is appropri.te. like Path
2.Ilns path wouklgivc varicty and brlancc.

J
7
t

Listening 1
J
I
J-

Path4
Usc P.tlbs to Praficiencl, trcrc as . rcsolfce book
than rs a courscbook.choosc p2ns ofthe book thet
ffi $'irh dre prnrjdes you idc'ntiJy for Lhc group.

Readilrg 2
J
writing
2
You can keep a record of ihe path you take by
usn1gthc ptogrcss chart on page ix.

Cirarnnar 3
'lhe

lxa Pra.riceSedio. nright bc bcgun rbolt

three qrjafiersofrhe saythrough lhc progunme.
'lhis
path $-ould give varieryand a brlancc bclivccn
ilre more xctive'skills ofsritarg.ltld spcakingan.l
ihe more passive'skills of readingrnd liskning.

t;

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NO ltnCO!1N

i I N T R oD Uc t o N

With quesiions rhat haye a Yes/\o ansncf. divi.le

-l'F
\ . . . . J . . o r r g, o , rai-.,
YF. ,
Bofk on thei.ilcxs logefier xnd rhe Nos i'ork
rogether.nd then tliey comc backas x whole
group to dlscuss.
.1 wlth a aood, scrious minded group, choosea
sLarcne .}nd serup a ibmal debxte in dre cl.ss
'te"k_r d, e
J.,/1.t
tavour and r speake.and a secon.lefarguing
againsr.The chosenspeakersmlrst Lregiven tlae
/hon \o, j.tpt"rer'c
'l'r- e.D,Ii,,;
listen
to the tro
dre deb.lte.lhe odre.students
statenentson one side before asking questions.
The oppositeside ol the .rguncnl is Lhcnpul for
vard and. et thc cnd, dre studetusvole in livour
of or altainsrlhc st, rcmenr
3

('Mnning and.lral,ing are inclu.led rs many

stu.lcnlsapp.eciare
e more visu;Ll'
aspedto
leffningandtind ii easlerio .etnenber usinll

- I'J rlr l,'

rl' h,J
rhFno
AdditionalLy.if .lonc ln thc righl splriL.iLcan bc
lirn eD.lcan breaL up l 'ltdr! lesson.)
. .rcatlng a marching-upx.rivily rcrc sludeDls
suk in pairs:onc studcnlhas an cxprcssionol
wo|.l and thc olhcr studcnt hes a dcfldtlon.
. workina h Croupsoffour to prcducc vocabulary
rccords:Lhcg.oup js giyen lour expressions/ve$
corrbinatiors, erc and everyonesdres one
seniencefor eachjlem, illustrxing hos it is used.
The group lhen choosesthe best senrencelbr
each iiem. and iris sfirrcn on a cxrd ivl[dr.u
then be kept in x classroomca.d inder box.
. cL!fiingour magazinephoros ot people xnd stick
jng rheir .ound dre classroom,n ith a blxnk sheei
'.lrurf.f
{.rrn.
. ...:.
the new idioms, vcrb comblnaLions.crc. to rhc

WhatdoestheTeachers
Guide
offer?
As well as giving the xnsnc.s to all dre exercjses.the

for exploitingCurrent
Suggestions
in theTopicVocabulary
Questions
exercrses
choosc oDe of rhe sniemenrsand xsksmdenLsp
vdrr an opnion wirh ,rn c'xanplc or illustadon ro
slrppo'I tnef PonL
e.g.Question1 on pagc 5:'MiAhl is Dofc
nnponant thrl ryhf
IfueaccepL tbitrietu, then tueat" na beuer
tbd11.l inak llxntan behEs sharl.1usetbeh'
senseoJ ngbt anti u)rcnq.
' - .p r{Fi
.,nn
h' r
Jo h d,
2 lf_vou.rc in xr English'speekingenvironmenr,
xsk studentsto fin.lolrtnlut pcoplc outsklc drc
ciassoom feel about a pafiicular statcncnt.
opinions can bc poolc.l, rnd a .llscussior ceD
1

Helen Na/or xfld StuartIlagger

l-rl

. sivcs rlre aim ofeach chapter,ahich should be

nhdc clcrr io L\e studenls
. giles e rheruiic/lexicalstfl.iuml llnl<for Lhc
Jnrierialin eech chaplcr
. giyes alt.nab,c suggesilonsas to how to use rhe
. miicipates students'qucslions]nd problems and
vams reacher of any piLf2lls
. giles ealrx heLpRiLh lhc linguage
. doss refrcnccs,$4!ereappropriale,l.) odrer
pans of thc book itere a point cxn be follon ed
. gives suggesiionsfof eifa prxciicc 0narl<cd>)
. nnkes leeming at t|js lelei enjoyeblc
. .onrains ^ mendtic gn&rsaptendix to shoi
thcmaticconnectionsin the matedal
. includesa progresschartso that you an.l youl
studentscan ckrrt d1cpathyou rake.

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noi at.ttua or paph.,r.l q ^\otrq .qr ss.r8or.i all.l

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| ,/

(d f,)spJo^ u/v\oDlun: I spJoM

:tu(nl nr.Irs roJ Su,lootlo rqEq aqr oror snraprus

FB or sr rprqA Jo .sodnd aqr'asDtasa InuLLnt^ e
sr a.Dqlvald?qr lsor! to Pus .rtr lv rxaluor ul sutal
qdd: r?srqr )t1rrr pur tllru)pt or sru.pnrsaole
pur 's.r)rnosl.r .ir.rru^ rpr,r x ruo{ u.ltr sri.l
rllu:qnlr uo pes?q )IE rr-v.14:caa.|lruq a\L
ittr]r x lr uatqoJd aqt Jo iJ.dsc .uo uo SuisDol
puE SuDElosr.tt .{D\ i)lqriSru"u pux Jxn}rBt8
r ur r.l.l.qr.qr ur qrt.\ rPaP Suraqalx qrqasarrtnr
r$p tutpE.r aqr or sruapnNes.rdxaor sri:rer/ara
rrr&rrzrr Jo rir? .rll x2jr.ra|a sr.u)Drd PtE s2s1.
.zras!2uafat' surf,luorr.ld?qr qr!3 uolrlra{l
r.nr rxar
ol Lr\.t eru.Nas rlEnontr$Fo^lpu?
llnl
'sual.loJd
'IFu^_ surts LioDrs rql
Pro.{ r!t^\
r.p.ro ur q8ro]qt p:Iro.r iq plnoqs ! rel
r..t pFr ot,irltr.tx s,rurpnrsr dn pLfti o1su,r put
nun)tDrLnLt.{suatqor.t.qr sor?tGruoirr.s srql
'.ln ljuhfi .tit
l.aj sru.pnr,_,(uel!
rrqr tursndrls rou sr rr 'suoDs.nbe.loqr rtdrttnu
EUtsr!uor ^q
iri stx)r a\_:rtlu 1.d\
F^\ollol
..\,'{,t'f r'
3u.nl
t, r'tr' ., ..d^'
qtr^\ snour,\rlolr,\s sri..s s.Lul.uos suorrr:mxl
urdLlxD:dsr pu|Ii.\rt p.irul.rp? t].l,ni 8qp.ti

.iEALlN6

9 P,1n heL /)a matter t&at bap?ens Oerh

1A 'he ttied to seeplin the buildin| but it utrt
t@ ddrh (ptP,posriot])
You !)a)' Nrnr !o think ofothefRays thxl prnr'could
be Lrsedin e sentenc. _-(

/ Nrb (p.ts1simPleP6.tsirc)
2 negatirc tlue nabod! could un.lerst r|d it')
3 c) rcdd it(clue, hetpft'[essot ]itrk,ttua
Ltlrire,sitr,.tn.l 'nobad! could un.lerstan.Jit'
sa t nrct be sai ething eitber spaken or
4 bftedi gb.tbits: sfrur uuryed

Illlrsrerc thc poiir ollookirg io. d es t'rcmtlic con

teriRith ? ivord like th.eshold. vnie the Bud bt
ilselfon thc boxd rnd lhen pur tle q,ord into the
.ontexLof a scntence, Uniil the age of ,i0 he had
.lL
r Aln e \ c . r L L In ( r h e 5 a . U o r t
Lherght processeslhxtBill enablestlr.lcrLs(o rukc
.rn inrelligentguessat the meaningoftlic wod. (e.g.
rtchr I
g o
ir.ulr
r bxr lus an.l, person can oossjil seemsto nark a
pointberRen bcing i4 a bar andnot inil; ...eic.)

lnusLbesalne

5 b) h u narcLtsl! ( her uaj* an ploLe6 could ottlr

be un.le^botl b! 1trdher Plaler)
I.4 Practice exercise
'L
ext is fton lrll Tlf by Derl']. Nlurphy. an kish tlrvel
niter.
. to show studentsthat difiicut wor_dsoi ln this case,

'befitihg

Thc pahce qas decor.led in. sry-le

bcfllLlngirs rc)'al inhxbitants.'
'sr}unch l'he hmilyRerc all staunchsupporrersof
..l"ll.F"
rta t,"
I
".'r"..i
'pell', A lisit ro rhe cinema is an ex.itcmcnl drat
.-\r

-..

noie

hns

L I Awarenessexercise

. to h ghlightthe fLrncton that 'rords have

. to encourageslLr'lenGto worl oui meanng l.om
Studentsrea.l tert and, logether $ilh a panner.s'ork
out dre meaningof thc words.

pl\a\ogIapLt 'ritJtri = alam.h.k

nes-spaper = zraltulre
alatm clt)t:k = chdir
nitrct = Photog aPh atbLhn

1.2Awareness
exercise
Stude.ts plar wirh dre sameidea as !,rercise 1.1,this
-Jo.!
er lur
.. e\
.

I.3. Awareness exercise

This higl igh6 the thoughtprccessesthal lske phce
ehen an unho\\'n word is nei.
'1

SrudenlsshouL.lfea.l lhc lefi rnd identitt the 1.1non

sense*'ods. chcck rhi]r studenis.ionLgclloo
bogged.los,n aLdris srage,and al$r chcckthxl fiey
h r \ e d e . , i l- J r l r
drem thxt some of Lhcword endings,or slrffircs,will
hclp $,ith s.orking o!t lhc linctions ofthe ao|ds.
Accepr any teal iod Llartffis gramnraiicallvand in
rctrnsol nreaninA.Thc \ ords used in the oigh.l
re:1 are given ln brackets.xtief accePtablc
,16arels (CB p,!)
line.l 'clot]E ltnun, ?ldce) = bosLel,Euestbo\te
line 4 '.lonk (na n, Pldce) = ha , l.lndine, caffidor
line 6'bl.t|)t (adjec tire. negdt )e) = btohen, thin
(fl!$v)
lnle t- leck ig (naltn, ablect): lack, bandle
line la sctulbus hdjedtue ,net:anrc) = dil1!
(squalid)
ln p 1 1 br'ks' (natn, pho al) = iLsects,.rcdturcs
line t3 )tcissijig (l,etu) = lfing.latun(ftning)
line 16Ialic (aLtjectit:e)- deroitl. ulttrout,
lackillg irrcoutuue stu':lenls b bok at thePftp.si
tion aJ' togethet u th 'l'dl1ic i1ro1derto dlbu tbe ldst
(bercit)
tLD 5lgqeslto7,-s,r
'n
line t ,- tgil,-stidLled (co"Qoun.l ddjectite
des.ribing s'ane,prababu ?4)s i.al des'ctiption) =
bandsameJaakinL poor|J, dressel (sca ilv-cl.r.l)
line 2t lactur'(ttoun, ?elsan) = an.t ker, la1,er-tbe
netr lnle lelets to bim 6 dn udmircr Guiiot)
line 22 shadLe (a.recttue) = enthusiaslic, calef!|,
aggz,sji,l?. ( den,

(itddns,Q!.j-r.?p
aqt ut Lb|dlLualut ut aeD at) +la1
(|LLt.rD 4uYP.Ua.ta.1our) ul1au
@qs
tb-Lto!lotL lbttq lrt !o|t.) tt!).)!t1o
(L d q)) sramsuD at4ut11:q
'rslraxa sqr J'rJ
irpuonlp qs!l8un-qstl3ulup or r.l.i ol sr.rptrl
rol {rEssrJru rq ltr..{rI arPndo.ddr/ir1xsD.u
.r.q.u suorrs.SSnsfl)l}r riqtrx.J suoDu.l Fursr.hns
x)ur^ouutor ss.I ,q] ,itctnrrurd dnorS.Il qlr!
uornnolut aqr .nirl!_u.ql rIEr jaqr sl] suorrunj
IrrrrrururiB ruar{Ip iurni sx (s.u!uotrr]P nrorllr.u)
uro\urxxl IU)ql 1.1flr sPIo,$rLlr lo I ! slu.Pnrs
r'

'

r.'.

s!i

.taPtsLh) al a
PLDuootauto.al J
(.9d fliJ) sransuD anlssod
'suoururtd:r./suorltrqJ.p.qr :rtJA
sruapnrsp.lpnrr ua..l stq sfsu.suor ? u.rl \
sPIo{ P.uLtL)l)rn
aqlto stuuxau .n:ddor.ldtr aLIr)aqrr:r rqr rlrd
( .npLIPu' .rrrp.t sruJpnrs
.,o 'sdrort rc slrxd
3sr)rex3 9 l
(9 d gfJ JElv\ :aLuaqr

.ra^o, :suollulqulolqJeA

o?Ll.

oI turoq r.3 r^1lr .sr\u.qxr 's.rtruru 0t unll

erorlrrrln xN ptnorlsasr.rr{. s[l] Jo rr&l rsrq rq.l

eslrJexassauar/vIz
'..'o.l
lnorloolorrrqlN.pr.r srl':rpnrs
arLr.lLras ! ! EL oP or? sPtroa
lnp ^rp!, llqd uo4s.nbl lar 01slu;p.]lFEor.

\ P r o$ l ) f r \ l

$ \ f( !e L! I arlzr4rrul

ar)o u) b 4.u4Dnol a.tY:tx.J

or.r aqruL

Jo trr.,s put ,JII.Llr,) sPtt.\\ pant.] 4u!llD)N?i

tjptntu\: :4u11.ttD ktaqJ

' s u o r l s r 8 i L l s . rrol L
t \.3d..s

:suoilsanbluaJJnJ

. l t;.', r t s :a. Lt I :l:nu at dlP

:1tn.ry\t4 :rapua.uns:p.ryDitut:i{3a1i!ts I
'|
''''tl
"!
.eL! :sapa[qn s .|11tapsza)
tar furp :...Lol trnutD is.1!1t,:..,uasiDtlllu! 9
a\1o:rt ro:paton.ord t
Dtap rDa.tqt !.t9'n ar'trall L
pattar |a11PaI.Dt|D.n) palufiPo l'
;lutpuakp:spqat !pa|.D!tD54Da4 a
:t nq !.r^-sat''D I
l! a tll) strrtisrF

asDraxl9 l

uaPPtq:z sProM
u d)) satllnr|#tP

u.\orL-rI|l )sooll. or uIoP.rJl nFqr tollt

ro qti.\ $o,\\.n s)uJPrrsaqrroj srul.qr rJqro rsan_
tns or rura,irxu no,\ ra8luxur l! o1rr tuldt ..rolrq
.qS n. s.^t.s
i nJ:rrr lrsodoi.l .'iq rr"o /r.rr,?/
ru.qr Ltsld,pu.rr{. put .{l.Ltt ! .).rlrulrrt i.LF nrlp 05_
. r.rlt .rP,{jaLtlrooJl.!rt'r ,rou or u'rqr e. noruS
\rrorrur.Fuor qr..\ N:r.lltp .ql iJu's sr:)u.llrrs
rr\\o rrlll.ru{\,)r sru-)fnr._
)sp dL1\rltol I sV
( uonln' tit sx'\\
.Diou .n l.nuux .!.Lt.L 'l . 'iuPdtnr r {q .uop ssru
r$lq lo runourEaqr) r)^olrnr :( iu.i-luor r Jo .ill rsr
'uorssrssod!)
t{).rru.rrSurnrt) r.^o.lu r:oslr JxrN

'asuB8t
llrr.Mlr.l
arE'p:[r o]
roj.tiJtn.'rs
ol
Jo
-j.,. r{t ro..
..
.r',,:
suorlrso'lrrdJo .rx,\r rrrr sruapn$ Jr]r ans.IrI\l
r'tr'..'i
p.}rLF_a.luirJl uPr sdnorn-ill ll.J() suolli iql .er
sti. .DsLlLlL
or.ru.ruas r orul )*lrqd to Po { rI| l.d
or perrd.id.q plnoqs dnoiS aqr'i.arssrDu r.giN
jl rorltrIp. t.i pu !1]l qrt\ !o trol\ or lt'rlnqtrro
aqrjo nu.lr lr.^.s dnor:Jllnrs r ro rlrd t .^rB :.ra)
,rJnrt r, Pux.e."l.sltr t. ro.ro'.' L pur.rllnu
p. .t't sPJo\\ JoJsarua'{.llp .ilir$ aLiruo uotssnl
-slp
satdtuPx.n luollurldrir
.nrrtNl
l,e!]qlltroiJ(r
rr)U. pur tlloJE Irs. jrl!.3o]qFno{]
P'raI :rr4ril

{9d )) af,ualorApuEslrlSu:lJelnqElo lrdol

;
^{!t9!l9
l

ut.L|.!aroa.rol
Oulrllit-toqtln LIp ttDnet ) ,uD.sq .i1h ol
(1'nop41o1nt
tistp) puna1S .rqt at D! ot ]..t4o uD asnol ol I
LuDnt tD 4.r1 al t
tll ! luDsni1ol uo qsttl/.4
! 1o4uo1aanssD-n aiDt al t:

\.fL''r'''
't111ol .s'ult
s.stol t sltlt nas = llo.tr|d
|n.l 8a .L u
)

(3('nrls)
fitnu]11 'tlunaLt = (1!ou.r attm! ).3u11trtu.9a au!1
, I. t....
'tttD4 \.ralsaldra- t.siotI D'un.u) |otqsDt[.ta au!I

Gdlne, set and match.

She\et her siehLson bim
Hegaesautuith diatberrc gb set.
I''e bousbt.t neu setofgolf clubs.
She\ setin bd udJs.
Srudenrsconiinue in tlre same$,ay1orrhe rcnulning
The secoD.l pnt1 of lhjs .'xcrcisc h?s common
words bcnrg uscd in unusual wals in sentences. 1t
focuses on i.lentifying thc functlon of words in sen
tcnccs.This aspcctof rca.Ling,wofking on ftrn.tions
of woftls, is fundamcnLal and stlrdents sliould be
encourxged Io \\rc* on ir $,henevcr rcadhg is donc

sltpPoti -..tdjecti e
ouLing= no{tr Lie =rcrb;sedls=noun
.[udber - uefi; bnels - ltu n
Present = Ld b; seqrcbing = adjecttuet lidnq
-noun;mdt h = Letb
5 DnLe = noun (abstact); fonr = a.ljectiue
6 ReadinE: nou (place)
7 Penguins = noun (name af 6 pLlblisher)
I Fuel =,e* (nalispaper be.t. ine
seeCtsp. 119|ar more ddnptes )
9 cLtts= 11ou7(clith, at aboE)
1o udnte.l = a.lje.tiae; lbund = pa't palriciPle
(p. stue: abo tueret,ut1dI tutrcdt = nou n
1
2
3
4

2 a) or i n other boftls

7 b) betl
I b) diIIercnce

2.4Summary
exercise
Ansuer (CB p.IA)
. ) b 1 tt,.r t ta tj. ,dr \ t^. t.l?a of!-d|-p'ttrj
nance\ uhe erer the! hdPPen ta be. ancl ako men
lions the stuLlr aI tbesep1fteirs . a) tlaes )'at nentiatl
'ouls ald b) does nat sat ubat tbe tura t\pes arc. nor
Llaesit nenti.n tbe shdies thaL baLv bee dane.
For disc!-ssion:Thesequesions could be rhe basjsoi
a group discussioneiiheras en inbodu.rion io tlre
rext Are Jou a larh or dn aat o. after ihe exercises
\ F r r F ,I , . r .

pr,

J.
"

| | han^ = noun (PeoPte)

2.2Awareness
&ercise
Tl1js focuses on ftinctnrns of wor.ls. and nord grorp
ings.Ask thc str.lcnts whcrc the three extmctshave

Idiom/metaphor:animals( l) (cBp.to)
2.5Exercise
Gotlrough thclisrof idioms,elicirftomsrudenrs
rny

.) use b! (a.lje.tiul

the .ldte it should be

2 Lt) no se (noun, pft' o nceLluitb .tn 's'soun,.

4otr

- i'4J,a,

3 a) anaLn

1i 44t4

nrtL!n)h

'tbe'bds beenmisse.!aut

2.3Practiceexercise
Text is taken from an xrliclc bJim Home in the
Guar.lian newspapet. It t o$ses on innocenr looking
qa d. q ,(h J
ondilli,ur,il.
padcularly if students assume they know rhe mearingwithoutfi6t checkingdre tunction in this pifiicu
lar sentence if timc is shor of concentraiion is flag
:liql, givc this cxcrcjsc es homcwork but makc sure
in Lhe next lesson LhaLsLu.lcnts have mastered ftl

'I-.l

thcy alreadyknow en.Lcanc'rplnh. Supply thc ncxn

pln-Jscs.
ings of thc ncw/ulllrown
Stlrdents do exe.cisc. Focus on lhc !.:4gq of
exprcssions,palticulady those that arc colloquialand
onlyreallyused h speccli (sec Lrclor)
.lrsae.s (CB p.10)
2
3
4
5
6
7

I coul.l eat a ho6e (.o oquial)

a dogsbodr
nahe bedd or lailoJ then
I rE Eot.tJ%e in nf lbtt)dl
10be '1guined pie
tt bit cl s ere rieu bJ the scenet!)

t hunerfli5 (in n! stom,.tcb)

1o Jbgging d .{ea.l ho^e (calloqu idl)

t'l
= 1'!nb. or) tq;J1tu$a8
an
"nDqaq
.ut Ltslun.llau=JJaalu Pt
SuoJn= GilDsl s.ltqutlo111boa.)nltto./o1 o
,ulqqu = (lDtnbo a, .t?tlo3LR41
notl a1lupo = Aol bo a.) nat lu'.tE
= (|Drnbo t).) t)|olDlbt!.1D ltq
perd.,p au!L)2211
)aq sprDtttol
tftp,q au!tuqaq: tlD!1tbotta.)fioq, laq Sutssaul
al.t .tt/Ta! = aa qtrn ./n u,J
paruilss]t= patltrlr'ral ]t ua4' t
Fsdn Lor = (p! ba D.) .ln rtlr
autp .ala =At! ho o.) lno altt p?lunj
au pat..lat =(tD!txbolln.) ,rt .tu pd4.t1q.
tt ItlD = 4n ! adll
wa.lat - q;lno1q1utu
(zt d ,rJ) sra!)Euv
slrrrdxqr snou
:rd ur s. qrlordd? ,uorrunl lo uorDnPip lt:)rSol,.rlr
pro,\ st nr.)tlr.rasor sl Srlql
ttldp tw\uououlquLo
ruElrodr(,!.qI 1sF,$sur ..s) I'r nbotlo) .tlr^ .rE
rFqr Jo :rros sloql|l(luor qrar put llorl.trollor lo
.rru!u' r rrP.sDDr. sql u suorrtuLq'riorprr\.\J

as!)-raxessauaJ?,4
v z-
q.ntu aat 'tar aat |l1t II
la tnsa.LD sr - h tLtlP14 aI
\.lq,nat l.Ltafuat Dpoq ot au.\ltl 6
punu slcl
ul.to41 llusso aq (Mtt) lloq, stlol(stt, rla|
aiqt..lsaps n acls oP
otrDq nourl louPtp aqs PLtls,lttnQaq)t, I
rLlrldad iat 'aqouottsu!&nr ' altu aqt ItD 9
11u:tn'Ds
D ).1!! t.narr 8ul?q 'p)lLt'a aq iatta aq
n puD4.aq (slq)tD
utqata;larBunaq
ltoutPuDPaaB tt trDa
tolt p]tq'\aqt .s.brt aqi alu,t l;
tbd.tq'n t Dplloq anpatp!r1.1 I
bqi'paalrts

..14.u
ua ra \aruitd tt nu 'tr Dits[qd tt\.[aq] 1t1 Z

alltlt1u lsDI
aqt trun unut.lIn troa svm tl'oB PUDq.Dat I
(. I fl srJrrJr}
sa)u.lu.s Iu1
-pr^tfur aqt ur sdnor8 p.'o$.ql ulq.lxr puu lnurpl

rq IIta l.,\rl snll nr sruaPnr(

sroroLl.qr qrr $IItrLn'l.J
uo sla!3rduor o1 plp]s :!rue.ur auo = 3SarELre
r.qto!! u proa.uo = q:rEu! urproaatro,
nql uor+dun$!l!? 1Pttl!uip!1!i3p!nPUesproM
.josdnoiBry8u!!u EuLl,tlu.P!o snrolol.
ulv
'uorl.rnp
|
| 1.. , :t:Fln,tuL I
sanltu aluLttdll rx4l
uoDBrnp/sdqstouitar/s.IllrLtxJ :4u 41ouaq,I

(ztd)) | suoDeurqurol
ProM

oppuDla = sarntlPl!a sl.D/

aLzrs D rl liintpo isrt.l.qt = s8LtLoiiPt, siiLtnaa.
(inDlt o.un)@arlud
}tJb) rL?l.toti@1 lrttLLdr? 11, = PatDd pul:1trD.l
rL)
(a|qDtLtltolLt
tltqSLtu D : salPaaupt.tl1el1t1
s.tlult l no[ u] 3111!]aJ
satl t pDq puD sauluPooS= stntaP PUDsdlr
GIqN
Intu ur, s.t]oiJa eullu.D snaufn = loqt A.D e.l1
,(tqlnbuo.u = latnb Pt!1)alDitl
olqt
11|totun)saus qpq uosualss..ua. = alol rut art.
s)Sti r' tpostp [uD satLlrht pp = su., puL, sol.l
:unt1 tLtd,tl!p k!,t.t1Dt o= spuaPuDspPa
L

i.jrdylb

r.q,r (rJnrb pur .r?r.1 .)ll r 3 .) .{tn.t'rru't ru.

put Csuor pux sord JqrreP,suo)lsnu a,\'3.)
.s.Fnld r qrl\ aruDrp ac sn,+n]srxqr.rfs )r1"ll
(.ilxr pup e^fi rl'qr pu? srqDs.r'soddo Jq s.u"r)nros
(salLr:ruPti. sud) nl'rrFelpalul rq s.uneurc,s
oalNd pu. r"d) rin.l .(rxs rtl qlt\ ut'iq s ill3ulos
,LrDsr'rd
'$nn.l .ltu slurp
.qr rrqi,(?s or lrydtltr.t tq3trur
nN dtJtt oJ srrcl unou.rx.seqt llt txqr lno rurod

asPrsxl9z
illdsl)

parted:l"relnqero,r
(sunou)sp,roar
;errad5

e s l J J e x as s a u e J ,V\ l
,roj tLloIool ol l.q/$, prrJ slu.Pnls
s.Dr.ls aqrjo sr.+u.u' s ol^qo
ss.I )rt tuurods uo .rp.DU.):Io)ol p..u tlrlstr?u
nlq.]:Uorpr.pux icui^ I's.rqd, \slt8u[ Ilpr.p a{r ]o

lrr .ilPd'uoo.nPorltrl
praurg ).s) .irlrD? ;Julurt.l .lnl.{qr'rcA r .q nFu
osl'r nq'(].fl s:Iool
r,{Ll.r unrldx. or p.f.la!l.q
rr ll]q.rrauru ^it!.r r.usaol rl) sra{trp Jooo Jrp anE
rfu)u. or prJ?dr.l .q Ir^D'r u'rJl rr .ilttii uorpr
.\r ol lx.! l.t|lmr llrxr!.i)J tql axtP ol slu.pnls )sV

tr,,rv:u

3.3 Practice exercise

The ts-o txsslges nr thls exerciseborh describcdrc
s. e incjdent.bur use lery dillarcnr lxnglegc ri) do
so - dre lnrr usesrirlrcf lbmxl. bufcruc ti. t_vpelan
gurge rnd dLesecondis lcry colloqui.L. 'lhe.ollo
qulal thrases .xn be undersrood$lLcn.onparcl to
the timixl lxngurge.
/rraers(Cts p 1l)
rttef l,asslge 1: ()ne senien.e mrrnrrt,
Peterudkcr rcs.uedandnu ha had beenattacke.l
bhbe.l dn.l left tu the.andl
1 Tbeli tstp.tss.tse cou ld be an exhllct li on a
(police) tuport o[the inci.]ent, or ?ossibtJ art
al i.te.litrn the neust)a?et-. Ihe secorltl?assale is
uhat tbe rcscuea l,Ir Edher, ,:lcLtk1lh)ytiLl eithet to
d netrspdper rcpatre\ ar tu h is.liienLis, or euen to
thePoPle u,bopur tbc LictiDltu tbe ctral.
't
2 be tu:and fassdge i.rPl'obabt! hdr.te r Jbr shklenls
tu un.lerstan.lbecauseit i-t.li! aJ.. oquidlldrl
sudee. (In the saine z&)i. s !.le nts olie n.fin.t t
bd et tu rc.1..1t.lbloi.l nd$Pd?e 6, lihe tl)c t)d i4)
tIi11u, th.tn th? qualij) ?afers like the
htuJe?.nlent orthe ti)ncs)
cj1\.?!
a1ld Lled.l k 1e1!:,r'igh tenrts dt1.l dese,te.l
3
. .tt! ., .
J.oJ | /4..... 1. ..ib.t-2
colbq,idl s?eechto lnea n rel: )
Justabauth,tdit= )rcarl,runcortsciotts, eai),
':ltueee.l h im oLtt =pulled h im ou t of the u Luel
.iter.L long trne he c.1meto - e!xDtu.ll.f lJe notc
ht,o.ke.! .tbou t - inroP.l
beensetrpon: beenattdched
sbat)edhr in -Pushed hinl in
ltichNddll bis h!o1t1)= sble11. bx tnonq,
n6ke /he bestal it =sLntue i/he caul.l
cdrte.l bino// to: canedorhebed himk)
tbefuzz= thePoli.e

3.4 Practice exercise

The tex\ Relati!,e1klLesisnken llorn rhe Jrr./.41
'/t
.s.olou slrpflemeni seriesin Nhich pxrentsrnd
children talk abour ihen.ehuo.ships wirh c.cb
.l J uri
rl
orllr.t.r'
SLcphcnfry is wcll kno$ n ln Bdtxin as x .omedixn,
hc also 2cls 2nd wdl.s
f tnne is shorl,.sk st!deits io rexd .r.ofdrE
lnl.Fics,s end thlnkrbolrt thei ansse$ to ille qlres
lions for ltomcworl<.Thcn ni chss. ask theni to w1r'k
ln pairs t() L.lL.xch othcr Lheirside of the story.

1 Al.r1 Fry seelnr b adntu Stephelrs t:.tpdci far

d..tui,-utg htbul"d!:t:, bi-, nerwy h i-e.rigiildlftJ
dtld hx gencirairy an.l kilthes
!t.:phe1tseetnsh adlhire bisldlhet s.tbiliry tu Lleal
ui th fnnbtetl.. hit ca?ac il.fIor hai d n)rh, hit stD.l
Dldn-iaqe.bx bdsic.le.encl dn.l the.lactthat he
'rdL(:ht Stephen byeMn!b, nat Dar.k.
Al.rn: SrePhen sfe tlt bis ch ildlJood rratcl) i ng / v.
etv11ansu11n.l./dls.
StePheltI lisJi.1the1
.li.h1I dpprcLeo/his TI; u:.n.:b
in!, so he bdtl h Lt st\:11:ti1)<.
.tboLtt it. Stepben
.lhtdJ)sLtleu tr<.uc.ljkd ta bePdn.l n'
Al.tlt: Stephe leJll,Lost ofthe scbaa|t he uls in be
hated.dtorrritlg.
His|ather dnd noth.t olen
taught hht dt hon)e
Slephe : His lrther tuught bn1 tn.ttbstu.1 bigh tuLt7
m alreek. He scetnsnat tu hale ent.JL.lschaal nat
to haP been slrccess|itl therc.
.lldn:.4r rhe dge of1.t, Stephen nlhedi.ln'tudnt
ta 8r\ nlttnie.l bec.lt tseit u)dssill!Skphen.He thi ks n.t,1i.tge X t Eoo.l ided nau,
( b u Lb e h , n a s s e t L t s i l .
nla t1 Ste?bet1s .t.l.li.t ion tu TV as a bq: the.fact
that he leJftserevl s.h..ls be.ause he.ltln t Jit':
the in.iLiett bhen StePhen ?,?te nLl.d to lase his
stepben: he \edt11tthe ctinness Baok of Recotds b]
hedrt: bisEjlat nttereslfi 71 6 d tutlio; he tMs
sent b f) i sor Ja I n ed 1tlg c1?.1i t cd 1ds
6 Ak t: Itseenshe does taluaf haLeaLeryhieh
opin ion L,ftrhLlt Stephen.bes: be.[eelsSteph.ln
J t . 1. . , . . t r . . 1 " ., . 1 t , \
'te?ben: IIe doesnt knolr batthLt|dtha Jeek aboltl
IrisuDt L. bltt be hopeshe EeissanteeJiorrie LJiolil
it.lt lbelsgtLilt! abotu eaniDgso rtLtch,couPdlcd u)ith hisJatheL
7 AIa n: 7heir reldti.rish i? hasn t changed much.
Pethaf)s he d??i?.idtes the can?tea1ry aJ.tte?hen s
SrePhen:He use.l to besc.ued of bis.fdtber. Tbey
stillaryue hut dre nkr? .it)ilite.l ahout it.
8 (TItX qtestittt h&ruo ligbt aJ.tsuer',itisope k)
the slu.lentsb s?l-f
hau eithetAlaD orSte,herl
.a nes acrosstu rhent E|LauQ:<ethen)ta.i^ti/y
tbeit- ,rpt?ssian s .)
3.5 Practice exercise: Word combinations
Snrdentsseemio find dresetBo texts fas.inaiing lnd
olien itrnr io rex.ler.h odre.'sien Onfiehxsisol
ihls, ihey.an rhe. so.k our dre mernings oft|e
undeninedvord {:on$inriions iogeihef. and
rcphmsethem. AltenaiiveLy.ther co!l.1nofk indi
vi.1uall_\
eiihef n'ith lhc texl LhaLthc-vud odginall_r'.
of q ith the oihef one

tl

') o paalsa2ua;lt
\lant1.Eq i!!331t o:(11:, aru Sa
's.ru.ru.s e^rlelsnll' atu,\ ol
jaP.'o u' !'s eso'rLtrol slu.Pnts )s]r PUPsuoirrurqu()l
u.l au r)] uorrruap r_aq.g1 uo ..lnv srtru.tu.5_)rll
Jo )a-tuor.ql ur urru suortrrquor qrr^.rJr r?rl,{
tsaSSnsorsruapnrstat .lnoriJ.ldl.\ x s' rc 'snd uI

:AtuAqf
u I d 8)) UOtle)nPA
.tno, :suorlurquorqJa
uorrr.s sqr qrra pap orAoq or
se suolsa83nsrol [r.! rBE.].as:suortsanb NaJJnJ
tLDaA
dql tato uolx padup at.ampuD uoutuo)
ul q.nu ^ta1 Luairq I PLtr.QqlolqI1t t,q'-t?1slJttrl
o1asap lQat L.aq slrntD ai,1 ts, 'Ilitllr).
Psrsuld
ur^r8:r! rsn or pa8rnloru: :.1 ptnoqs sluaPNs

asDraxl8[
'u14
Ja txaurnof oI
's.rrse.LtD-a1ol
b
1)laD[pa?ua$d ua :Arui'[.t DapnLt v I
Dqln uY I
\1LDr11dpo3
ttpltq. aqI 9
.taqtaul
puD.8 nad rnal st raqlaLL s Dt Dlii u'1ti J na.\ S
'(ultu
) ralnatln p ra (itrrua@ ltqtn t,
'lhtl u1
s:llard) snot ulrnaldD sluarD4s,asnads
rnq t
trlaq.lau.u1tis1Lrcss.ralstsrDal Z
I aEDluDtu .otknJ'
Dlb uant Lp atg) flalsisdatsra flaqtuqdal:'
n G1rLu"tu nauDJa tua.t st pq.p D uaqn
q3,o1q1palDp.t) sta\tsJi,q.!)
sL)1ua.10.1auo
staql.]t.t.llDqatD u.|fl!q. aqlpu 11oa\
Laql.rudals
.tnotlsl aqs 'uasdats.to
ntetiJlltp.hFnet a.rr a.\ [
(9I d sl) sr'nsar
lr q8noqr r noqlliJrauraqr )lEr
ot PUPsuolPDua8 moJ D aarqrJo 3.r ilnuP.J'.\Prp
ol stuapnts.qr :jsPor .q plnor asDFx. aqt ot uorpnf
orlr (ir il.^nrur.tp ruorss.sr..{su'r pu. uons.nb
r lo urol Jqr ut prsolr srtooq r]]rt,\ .uop aq ptfof,
ltru!.i a!1
]o squ.ur lJ Nap rtrlp.sn spro^\ aw uo snro] lr1 .
U1V

asrrraxl1[
r9togl) sdrqsuoDelaJ
:lielnqDo^ )rdo-l
lJelnqEloA
ta'leFsiqrjq rdor:\rto q8nouaprq
eriq rrr.rrc,dqsu.,lirtrr ptrqrloarPd .qr Srqrot.lr:
,{oluaraqtri ,\ sru.pruspuo rrdo:uorssnrsproj

&rn7 :&qsuotjopt tlj!1ds:.Da[ :11pty) oq, uaq.Jals

.tlrny.l|j..'u1'.usiDut^'u.)
ttqSlq :.Iqsua!tDp.1l at q l a:uaEJatStnoE) uatv
9I .l Ua)) stodeD lqlse/
raqr.rritl.Jo,r.r\ s,rarr\
qrra:sD"mns F.l,i-nt rpq.\ .i)q prts.aSns s.(o
.qt uo{ spro.\itu.rilJlP 3sooqr ll.alPu srurpnts
as|]rarc lrEluL!ns 9
'antuD
=
PLtDtlb
tlbll ssrr. Daroq
.DaroJ:tadpltols
'saIDr.l D 'snaa' l3ulaq = p1tlto1Da.arnott 8u!7Lt!tt
uo| arnsDat] auos sl,' - 1u.t4 louttolLta auos sat!.6p
ali tiu 4 a;t1lyq. o lra+tDlu = atu tu! raua. Dpa1unl
lsLla sfln tt = azaa.tqo s'an 11
Ltosltdul sqtuou an| 11t?ds= sqluaLu.k a1dno. D pa.Llas
tjql*odsau! puD /am|ln pan,qeq = tlqs adp t an
,Eq1lrql
p,faq &J jnIaplS ,Qm ut, r = ltpat. jDLDla liaqr oJ
?tu qllir t03uD so.n '.a1 Pae.u1J) = 1no atu p4lrq
sraqtunuqln]
= ssaupt.41q)aquttu|
4r a,1]ra pu ols.Qpun al 11111.r1t1.t1
$ap\ .tspq aq! ru07!flepn11= s.ldpuud aqt padswtil
=dn ppD lp.oq
sqtnu adutsopt Dal
td!wro.
lo,'patl ht' = lQ atuD.
tqw.as u oE = Lu4DaL^
:tl\lDqdals
&?ra![
au pQpp pll1ot] aq - Lqkp I11tu! paqs,arm :']311D
slssau4rart ,tunq t,u.tou = lt Plb r.aJ
Mqas\opt 1t!L/h tq;tq
!(lawarEa 411!qt= t'^.11a.[ D ua bq]DJ s .ua s,lll
,ulop Lttis - ot unap ta'
tv = xoq eql
utq t! ptlt qrttu as qSnot= aqla sq, f, apo11l
{4 D qSnDl = tnaqo llu
llo

'3Lt1uuoJ:t?.1|ou
alp faqj u.qln = ]qtuaulu .)qili r]rc

'?3,1sLn kta!.d = sptpoq .qt duwl

-le.t
olLtl
o3
taaqs
q nb l,tl'nsnun - luaL1sllPpt)
tu.Mn; o ljtq itar D = otd i1q31ryr
.tt/a,ttso

tnJk.i

s aq = pua aql ut iq;tt.. Dlno tunj

uuun) D r!1)nLlqaqa1)patu - alnu stql olut ptaJ

aa,to!.Iua ut 31tDq: )tdoad npujl ;Ju14r\n
at ]ua,n PaPuatD= u! taol ps raD.q
Dafl lilo SLtlniJq1o1t= atDtnoLulIllliss q
at ulq 3;lrrrolua ra aPlJnead = allu tutt eplb.
awu alsonl: ,tonr rtno|
:t"t!! uDtv
(qr d af) s,,,vrz

L rlrs.

lrErrm (Ctsp.17)
1 to atry aut = taperlbnn,.lq to bedrsbneaut = ta
exh.n^t tbem, mdhe then tire.l
to han i a r/ei1)eaut = to .listibute; uotk oltt = 1.)
'iabat\44-,

ta \'o4 t r"t

-rbl

tod,aD

n t a . I . h t . t. , - t a t . t 1 " t b , u b , e a t ^ u t
sut knu Gontains the ided thdt uhaterer

'l
,,'',.,t

h.ls

brakenaut cauld Vreari rdPidU)

5

,rpa. attt ,,
out - 10come ta 4n e1L:l

. \ , . ! ' ' t " a .r " 2

Note also:a handout (a pic.e.,fpaper, Lrsually

printed)i , lookout (someore who isweLchinglbf
dangef' of a place from wladt yoLrcxn sec n all
direclions)ian outbreak(e s!.l.lcn beginning);a
breakoui (an escapetrcma prison, orzoo. etc )r an
ourto. ,J pro.tc, ..J .11 -, o-^ ni, uJ. onk i

2 (cep.tg)
Word combinations
I anguage I in k: \'igrt ^ri\ e lrnguege/similes.
Tett Tuo stariesaf.h il.lbood
Vo@b lar!: l/M: ^tlj. i.rensiUe$i SV:similes

The vcrc nlany exanples in Chapter3, bui now

studentsshould be.omc lully aw.re th.rt 4t! worl
or combinalion of word5 ln English may have a non'figu'
Ask studenls wh?t drey understxn.l by dle tems
'
| .na $ hir
|
"r oDlo. r" i
(lireal). Asklhemro givc an eriamplescnienceit pos
siblewhich conlainssonc figuradvelanAurge.Ifdiev
- bFg,n. Jr
, r a s i l ' r l , pp \ r ' t - , l r e n P r r o
of 1.1,Ad-drcnessexerciseon the board, and ask thcm
to ideffilt, the figurxti\e languagc, ,rnd rlso ask dren
to dink whxt the effe.t of flaurafive ]rnguagc is on
the reader (morc vivid, crextes pictures in lhe resder's

,4a&e|i (cB p.1E)

1 sne ed lhbr: ... ttitbout going itL:I sl@Pat same
tbing seemednot q1tite naho'aL .1n.1m'l,:le ,E
2 lihe long t m be^beets: The sno10ld! in d tbm
.olpring an the billsids, in uhxe st.'ps, the earth
sLtouinu rh to1.!ghin bk:tchstreal!.
ut-jllJead, VoLlhais sai.t to bequeaLb
3 fiLled 'ryga
nD hea.td.be b its 1)i.tin1s,ant\) apauTLessdlLaestbesi1, but my heari thllbbed and na.le it dLJJicult
t

| 1 _ ! _ r !!:! r ! u . / | - r ' I a \

5 fla,tLirry:\'ou

ut - t b)xh t.I

recognise het bf het bight rca

6 piE; shorcls:Wat bd.l l attnels hebas! Laakat tbe

Arced! an.l .nlcirilLte.l b.41 he eats
7 launcbed our rcJi; l,r;bed taEelbeutglJarca!,a
s4!rL: Aftertbe tueddnfl, eLl'lnLthe sent us al|
u itl 4n.t r\, ,. bL,^ur.n4;aB. ud. 4ut
succcs'Jortonq.
a the ba1$esrc 1med the stdrcs: mef srdrc.l out oI
tbe trdin roindorrs dt tbe hatLres,an l tbe tuin.1oux
o[ Lhehouvs rcIecte.] thei{aces bdck
9 tritrfr!!;!r!11! ut!!!!h; sLnCedout; babitats:.ok ris
' E l::!!!J4ri:l!!!
-: t t^bl- \: LD: n r' t'
nao a kry srnnS nea trcnd: Politicians harc
the radio an.l Tvptoeranmes
norcdd alitn
ubere lou unuld expect ta lind tben, sucb as
aDd neusptutl,amtnes.d1LtYrn to
LiiscLl:i\ion
o..nt to aPpear i a kin.ls ol apfarenttr in
a?Pfopnak atB.
10 a mbber:tanp orgdnisttiol': crosse.lsuDr.b: car
'lhe FitnessActi.n Research't nlst X d.fdlse
tsigl:
a,Ea isation setu? b! the beer ,-a dc tu research
ercrrtbing exce?t the qffe.ts olatcobat whe tbe
Gorcntment s ottrl abnm^snnfor Ree.lrcb in|a
Alcohol lra)blenLt rece|.lU had a.lispuLe uiLb it, it
uds thel na! the FitnessAction Research Trust
uho lLerc ftpnman.lel b\) \r/hiteh.lLl (lthitehall is
mnr
tbe street in lanLlon uhere man! go|emme
ta
mean
tbe
is
.llsa
used
l
t
he
nane
isfies a1e,an
tsritisb Goremme t it:\elJ.)
1 1 stuenne4je49J!!!9tt:!
lb!9!gbja!Pe!j!le4!441e!s; tda .be.l: T.,ckling d 'lifflcu '
vlPs
neu Paliticalpl\bte,, CLtptdinJacques
Coustedu dds in ddn!<etlus ,Lood as be slarLe.1h Lt
umpaiSn to sarc the Antan Lic in hitdin lLlsL

Students read '$rhat to krk oul fbf. and rhcn do:

exercise
4.2Awareness
exercise
4. I Awareness
Studentsmay need lielp Io rerllse that Lhcrels a non
literal interpreraiionof scnrcnceno.7. Scdences9, 10
and 11 are niore diffi$lt

f-d.

--

Befirre asknig tlre students ra ead Gtubing out of

manidaq ask them whal drey kno$ ol"Alice in
Wondefland, and ifnecessxrytell them $el Altce
cc,uldchengcher size by eatirg a .2kc .rnds as xlrlc

t.8urt ae I t.t! I ni 1 LDza4

:(lsttnLa.) ?snq 3u1laq p ali I :4ltsulq. l.Dr ) satpdarl
31|1p1arqi
ad, uo a,M1lt1 ]D lulrotu )t'U qtDap
sv
IEn) tLtullu p sD)trtn sD:V)x4t.
Napd
trylsso
:a,Dn3u,t an!D d13!J]b asil
1ad.ql ar.fka 'eLu.',trtd i!r1o] aql
q3fl.rq1.h q.D.q aql t1!atDDplun ptl1t1) sUDulaU
s n.a1aqs/.qsPLnnspuDs1q3!s?ql
.toJLtoril/b tu, t11qDlsDuDteal ar slaDs.D1!1) atLI
lrnqfltLt. nuullp
sllnLt[.Dq/slet q11)1tlQtIs \:CrPSulqLtlsaP s] ratlrm aqt.
r:aLt01tQtLtpaa u)r q? :s rx,u
ll^x"
-1fls;tLartou qqoqal4 sDtTLlrrLFl artnuara[aq]
Io pu. aqr at qhlttqt tai q pa8DLltiu ,no.t)tuo\ ljqJ
dLt!i.u14
paqstLt{^bq1uaq.t a.tant\:aqtpats,Dry. i,uol lou|a
.na.tpup ann qtoqttnqtsnarr.Ltrtoq saloJb1411
u
)nqnd u1Jallp a 'u1,Cqfl al.Ioa,Jor1t tlrrlD st stq.t.
atn).ra/t.ta.Ltq):Y l-t.J
(61 d gt) srraTs# alqATod'

:F rtuq.^rr

rrn8l rrt ijur.{JDu.prr.\tan-or $o.\ ptn: 's.r.llro qr'rr

pr.j (r.1I r.I u.qf 6I d ul uo suoDs)nb.r! Jr.rsut
ol pa]rd.Jd .q pur sxat.!aLp Pr.j or sru.pnrsrIsY
'sqrnoru
mqt LUo{ 3urt8u!p r,tr.Fu.rt ou rr),{ ri$ sadtd qrrs
saaprs pur dxJ au tj).{ r)rl ru uo u.u ru.uld
.r
r'''t
J.i
"'
I
t.t.t,
.
P
,. 1,I .o...
urr.,I,..
pu? ;uolrrqru sulrruo. rI sru3pnn . taSuoJrs.
.u
or uar.q.(IqDqoJd pI'DLIspu' iJursla &tJ rrour
sl (or7 d u) uosallDaallLlooqllq? ) [ ]x.I ]u3Prus
qrr. rq PEar.q ol.uo srrJr rurJilllt) o.\r rr'r .FLlJ.
otu
Paoqpttqs/D saLLols

ssrrraxaa)r]]rdt t
'.tl.at al
lDr|nrlput qrDa.4 411sl \\rtuo ailo\t?utD 3u1u;'
/i tp,n aapal.l:. Lta s! Suuun h aqs slqt.eqr..Lt\
ulq Ettn u,q! v qSnDtp, tt
4 tt t , l
sautaq 'stLu111DQa
t\jt1iu, alun uDqtr.qllrd utaql
14path!^'aL)aqI.:4 ^itpiuuan. !t1n pu' tuaq ua
p!.tlD4ns D ItLb.4D ! m]?as
t.odu! pa;tn
c!.qn
oj auo;l Dql;qt"drDq.r tDU suo)tu Q.tt1.1.it.I
'tjqDrl...,un
atoq?4 srstrnq [o s.]1|oJ;laiLtrl tDttl
salaUaqqsnolnry aH Inl 3utu|D!4ua atoJb)a(.!1
puli sltut lrrtq D |tt L^-t.o|.tssDutuaqD s8qpa./
stq aoqsat rr slql ul alLLi a] s.e\tl. .141.1,aqt. ta
snsatl.ll.arq. ttt4,q
ul &rqdu n 4 lrcupuusap)pq| 3n1In..-t Pt D
'ItlqdDrSotoq.l = ^iat.U.k \1a.ls aqt uo SurhIati
[]1. aqJPat ltia?!.lua.
= 0!. aqt 7u$n;tua ltiatatlrtu) ',iu411.t
|rlt{o Cooj

lN cvrr

aql
stsL!na!)qt= IrLtD 3n111rr.t|rut
sPno!. aqt qd|tatql1.3
ot auIl.q ,ut4 tD,h = ,9.,\\wd 11.1nlot ?nlu.Iuat tD
Paolhtl = utlop n1.
s.I r r\ t1f q I 1rn r l.tapI
lso1utDqltnt s.trJDllo \taquln allDl = apD3!...1
.|daat| pd n[ t : t]!l?n\r:)
tQp a.U = 0!. ?t!t Jb e toasDt a.tl
,..0ls.tlJ
sost pl tFj!.' .Drrl eql
aqt p4dtra ,t.rtt Paulrols
Itu.LtDiL, P.n.lloJ
otpt sauslt.old].u D sl D33)..1\"111)11:dtrl4t ti Dul
31.n-,tt.tri:ldt.p) sau&)dJtattt = iulbt !./i/tu D)
sraqutn1t aa!r] '.rtat1 n'ttt ]t = szprot I
uo .D.!].t|t
| 31tt,|out= Punpu 3uDt1D1!D
u Pz)!s!t pqq: PD.q q)Daqaq) tt)?lDlpoq
,sjs|.rt., ta.lns = t(iu.0 atl|. Lu)
slst.tllal
t.. u.].L.dn ljtt'! t:!lo tll,:rit , = suittDtJtLD. asaql
ut flaf,ts p p stloorttstJn.t 4.a! 1lo ttLnul3a1D
\lsaur''/i)
sat).talqlrn. \t.d4t.4|ip ?qi = |il1t4fu1lt:n.t aql
g2.qt u] 52141t11
:t):r .nt1 alD {DuD
ID]tdlqoauLld.q!. puD auD.lDqa.. aqr ut. Z tLur I
(arTd 11])sra.^,r
sJrltlos Jo {ui'l
8urDe,\uur or srsFrlors.rrdulor rrqr tnrrd t srurt.l
snsiqdg ur tsrnol P aur.(Uo uoudms.P s.r.]N.q.r.

asrraxassauaJeavEt
sL\ aqs Prll'l
'l.r'tl
{:J :^uII pl'ro,\! JLIasnD..l lJ.,{ mrrl .uoq .u'rl
pui.Ffnt r.rl.roJ.q aJrrilx:r, rtil or P.unr.r JLlsans
''ur
r" l :
{
rl
.{ouI t.uoP a-\l Pl.Lo,{r)I|ou. oru a.ttDs. Plnos
Jrtslro r or auoSpul plnqsnq r.q !.11,\'rarxluirtr
3uur.3r.q t.luJ^.r.1 LPq.\ ',q.q t pxtl
rflt p*!
.rF plr. .srloLt.\t .riur SuDIool.{d.lq sE-\.\s'ruL.l
sr^\ JnPnPurFq IElo lsrtl nx|.ur.!rs srrarra.qJ.
S!.t.qt
QlnaPtt
atu !t. aut tlsn d) :.tzFtoLu :.k\Ln\r q Ftulllolpllroll
:utDrD1! ap 1!.IDL! r.Lplnaa / :4LD.tqsI:artlr.\,eqY
ttn)
/o apisnq). aqt palqqtr I x.uaa1aqtP4...t
4.111:s3a1:Ch':!nn'pLtD)tD /:a1u 1r., t.lt.qntainaq1
:plloLtapltaA Lt|)11tva4!1:latarLt tuaqlPlttl.t :t..p!l
prn tFnor 01tDSaq ..u rtpn D )qt t L4s:?da:^ :ouurr)
:.'r f.urt.EPun:.{ ptrorts n]LIrsas'.!qdPUxspLoa.qf

161d sr) s.rrr?.vrr

( ol .dL\--)
s.r))u{r
or ilqr sD\\.rllv PI.to{.Llr or.t|tfix!
aqr s.Jrduor 1r.r 3loq.\ rLl.l) ')urr .qrJo rpr!
FLlo .U ruorl n-ur'r. ,tq lrau.'ouor )t.n:q.fiI lr or

TeatB: be11tseashare(ull of bays and inle^ ); stale as

station sdn.lu)iches (bonj@; b.ild suf.tce Qritbo
at4) gnssl slJoohlihe .tn irc jellr a-rhooha kt); g.tu171
(ald antl sa.l laaki|79t skeleton leqs(thinsuPPorL,)

4
5
5
7
I
'

Sbefel/tr^r like a.lkh oLtl olbaLel

Shespe ds nanel liheualer.
Heralrgoes like a bomb.
Shes likc a hullindchillashoP
SLe'sas lutht dsdJbdther
n, ,la.. -.1
.a"d.at
"1

"'4.

r.

4.7 Exercise

Vocabulary
ldiom/metaphor:adjectiveintensifiers
(cBp.20)
4.5Exercise
It h probabLybcsl lo do lhls exe..ce togedic..r "
g.orp, and ftr rsk studentsio sxy rny of thc cornbina1e, i- i
r ' o r . r h P rI s .
'.J rlt \ .,1.
, _
n: 1 .i
,. . ..1.
"
intense
orc{reme.
rrore
,,1rsa.9a(CB p.20)
crystal cledr )xtzar sha ry: fl eeznlg cald: boilins bot;
saakt?ll uer: tuck ha ; bone dry: lihb.y .li1tt, pitcb
bla.b hr.lnd neut stark naked: .fa,rtasleep;blik':l
dtunk: fl.tr bttl?e; boh l.Qright: bide duahe; :akt !bi11
Suggestions: (encourcp.e uLi.t u se al imaghlatiolls )
a) / uas.freezine cald, sotlki]ry uet dnd fihht Llitt),
Jion lir ins,1b themLld ttry hran.ttrcu,booL;
oere tui e':l a .1| hape.Jtbdt in d.leu) rnnlutes,
u)ilh a bit aJ luch, I uoukl befdst 'tslee, aj1.t I
ca ldlbt get abaut ny .i.1.!.n
b) It ads boilirq hot a d he rns btin.l drunh 41er bo
goo,l d lunch He a'ls ttlso/Llt bbkenob. so bes.t
.loun ta c.ntemptule lilb orle minute he uas oide
dlotlpc laabhl:< dt the bone .|ry land a,aund hin,
the nert he a.Lt [4st arl<.eP,.lreaming.t gald in Lhe
cilstal clear str<.6ns .t Ne,a.ta
a) 6tu.1c nLsshoul.l be able to ! sep4cticalb' .u1)' ar
all af rhe .ombr'tdtions to des.jibe the scene .11
F)lizahetb Ta| brs 1rc.1dingl )

Studenrswile rheir onn similes\rlach should conley

'_lrr",
lL.'
r'uur"l
r)trIA"rl
similesh rhc cxeL.iseand then to lry rcm eilher on
dren neighbour or or rhe F hol. clxss,Io see iI dre lis
tercN c.r hn:Lglne$-hxt effccLthey $,erexlning at.
lncourage the stu.1.ntsLothir* ofbodr negafit 2n.l
posidve endnigs for Lhc slrniles

| 1cap.zzy
Sentences
Ih emati c li nk : n ^ael/ rtunspor/iourisnr,if l aces.
Vacabulatj-T\': n Nel anl l(trrdsm;VC: through
thenr of trulel xnd tnnsporL
. to focuson u rdersland.gsentencet'rhch have
wonls om,tted(ellpst.
.to Lookat how commasca. he p wth ofhlnder,

Theseexefcisescoffnrue ao.k s iih similes.ln thc

r"
, 'l
eqi"
,-'d t'..r.i....,u;_,
nosin
thcse
cxercisesrlreyare
a.d imcprer snniles;
asked to lerrnsorne oi ihe norc coDl'ron ones ln
Englishan.lLhento in!ni theif owr.

Fillipsiso.curs ln rhe langlr.ge at all lcrcls.lrotn

steecli (Do )ou) Re.ogniseenyonc hc!e? lo noices
ofhe.dhres Dogs (are) Dot.liowcd lo wars ol
.vokhrg .epetition I canL tell you lhe.nswe.. but I
Lno\\'a mrn Rlio can (tcll !ou dre ansnr)'.
Sonretimesmisifierprelation can nkc placc .rsx
resuhoiellipsis, c.il she leli one ofihe nolcs undcr
a srone.bur F di.lnl kno{ i\.hich one'lnote ol
r ,' r , 7 i n 5 . _\ $ r F n e * - , I i .
or Ctsp 23 )
lnto.luce the idea of onittcd (ods in seolerces,
cllhe. usingsome oftli..rbove i bnmtion as x gen
c]'.llinlroduciion (if thc group cxn handle it) or go
sr ight on io th. poinr $.hich is prxcrise.lin tlic first
cxcrcise tle omissrcnof.cln !e pronorLns.

4.6 Exercise

5. I Awareness exercise

A sl,ers (.CBp.21)
1 She has d menory like d siere.
2 She tun like a bat out .t be .
.l SheslePtlike a lor.

SrLdcnrscxn s-ork xlonc, in prirs or . l rogerhefio do

similes(cBp.2l)
Special
vocabulary:

;i

1 .. lbe teenagerthdt/u)halnlhepolice harc...

aua lou sl raqt D .qt pqt D)pt aqi sutDtLta.tDqt e)uaj

Ltasliuo aq]sl stqI) alaqaruI tsunalo loLtapI(r

(r7 d fl)) ransur.

esrfrexalJLuL!nss-9
e thn Itq'n t.q oI
op11o7
tt.ttlq{u'qlratlaq
tlopLtoT
ilLttr\ tnoqD a4, LuoP no.r ;lur qtlirJ aDql sI 6
111
':1)au
pall1o[ | u r s
uaPb7
qN1.Jn
a31.,14.Ia{o
trn
'. tL.tt. t
'". ..Lt I
iltrrl!r8
ul ItL DttiouD 1.13M,)!1aUBDM noi ptuo)

2p14utD aq! q tltdl tDnodtut 1lf uaaq aDql s,q ,4.1,\\

rtt |1 nal 'Lt lul
tVo.l.t.tn
tu.tlfs.n|lsn .t ]1.,1 IsD no,l Up IAA

( spufFr nroqPst uotl

rsrr^uor .qr reqr pu?rsJ{un sruaPNs :rns r}lPI/{) z
'as r1..'u!ul,p'1!a 0 uaaq.nDq
flrtonl lt :r,4sDupDaq1a!, otuLuo. o ?aq an q
nllo ataql ralsrtup'?q al.n tluo LoaqpD(t tl /I ral
-sLuqr.q auouDql ou ktdJ a)lipo pa;11a.ar.H I
(z d ql) sramvl'
(_(rpur tl sr3\l?qt rxurulrrD J.t suotrrLulsuoJ
esaqrlrl s?rmor lo .rurrrlusB .qr Put sasnqr.^u
rlar uo lro\\ .ruos op or rsnl,irPss.)au aq ii?tu lI
r P i u , P U . J t J n r ' ' - r u r r r J i l r'
..'d
!
s:8urqtr ro sasnrd.rro.\.qr j.rpia isn?..q sxnuo.
.qr ,ni.q. uBr.r.uaNll )rJl qsnSuaualods L]I) qsnilux
ualllrtr ur sDuf,ru.s euos- to 3u.nu"rsr.pu'1 eqr or
ulJ sxujttro.Jo uorssruoro rsn eql
aruar.llp r qn
aslf,JaxasssuaJ,lVS

ot il1ru.L.!)

tlbpual
.tpatDlu t.r{rn1:1!aqt1 21, E nr sqrt ttql
t
)aD)qtpaq )oJs! arnu4 a4 4ut.l1ltor oPtDqa z
.LLaa:.qttueo.I.Uqnd
pln q|pat arpnudua..ntaq tsvl)1n. dql un : .)H I
(rai rli) s.bnsuo atq6sod

'suous'nb
aqrrn,no]i,unouordrqr.sn or puEI!r:{Proqrnu
or slurPrlrs.\rls!_
.rE iaL{raul8Iur
.LpSurss.JpPr
sltoN Iuo qrlld s.trualurspuus
-r.tun or a.lrLtl|t I.qr 'suous.Lr atqruosl.rJllPur
or iaprc ur ! I srrI oPor sruap.rs;uq$r rJ uos
'tJr.qJ tsunsri itrrln)rixd t rou srsql *.dsut
s)sxrsr:)r.rr.ql
urorlsrominb.:lrru or srurpnli_
'ar:qr8ur.\Inn)qrrlli r,usropJqssnuu:qrprn s]r1]l
aqssButrllrL!'uopuollrl u.rs sPLl.qsrDqrse8unq)
.qr srqms.P(zt irr saq ).s'juxu'a9 urorl.uo
:rII
auros:rrurr.tlr [q) u]r rol&r7 iqr Jo.'oqtLrr
;Iqr)Torul
tup.t.lur.tor iro lrrdr. a8rrt" ur :Il s:)lmr rrqe
ts.ffns orpur rreuol Jo sqduSordtd.Q ]x )ool
orr.ql tsx ta d gl uo r\.r.qr PtaI Eu.tnrs.rj.a
asDJaxearllrerd t s
( no pltD tltp.1tl tllaq )snoq plo 'h lr.td De,n ,I
(pto ,tUtDl) asltoclPlo ,Qt.14D svtn n ,
llt LH
1ti4.&1r s,u iDptloq 6DpD4arlsLttdxa Fr4 eql
'v.Da.QEaul .:1to1.1u1uliP nilt b sawlp111
Dttutol?w ll1Ptlorr lryl auo tlua snn aaqt oN F
tsauS/
$ .n f,a1uaj.jt/ irluarDdas a nuox la arua4o
"
a.rt./o
aql qt! n sltll tsLuuor .to, i.loft.t ouu@
uou.1t1[aqtrr. lntpLtl4:rap1t1tiu.l 'anpallau4 l9.l
q.Jo.l,oa.' r,t s! stqt) aurJilpu !7 r.J auoLt .t?qlo1tt
st pLollsr,qoH 'ot pauaJ;t at' spl.tots!aalu

qln
qn!Dst1
ltLLDtlt.Io,lstqeanar)ntlsaqpuo
or
uaEuq \'otn lulds -Laqpllo 'papon ,{gnnb
,o.- n, tetJ^. t ,. . t.t t.t u- J .! p..tot
pLlDnautt aqst,qfqrtqfl Sutqr'Aara uottLla ln )
arl"rd"'D
:pa$o a10|aq1li
:bqt q.!qr] sa,uD
alatt
Iqrlrt.tuDd
jtt dD tanDj aqt).t./oa.luaq
'
In. I"L..,t ,.lir", tL) 9
'alrl ltu
'nq
t
o.u .t paa8o I
b uutsaddo aql
J tl '"" -E oa
tqEnuq li.n.DI
n)al ?uD taPPot aql | !auJr.)

al paluaas lmault

(dut')NtuD
( tDa at s3u14 {o) raaJJb

snala a;J.1Di'P
: (ataq nS) aa 6 atoLbqanLu'
Z
taq.ndcpuo
(u! tq8nu.l
t
) ut papraq atan .laaqsaqt
"t^n
(ZZ.l n)) antuy
.uo|r .sDr:l: .qr Jo Fpurlolir .qr .r.l.1uor uaql Fl
uaqr '[apl nFr.qr rcs a,$q ri.$ rns a]Eut ol dnoJ;
p sx rirllaFor $ruaruas_ r^u rsrj.qr oP .sl^\rer{ro
(\\oFq sFdsur eQ Ul sF|Prq !, rnd ua:q
] )s) pesnip.rlt sruo rr!14 rql
r.\rq suoBsaSSrs
BuDridar NoLIrtr\spro.uBulssu rql,{Iddns ol'.lclts
sod r.q{ 'ulaLlr{s? 'dnor8 snollqurt ui.rxq no.{JJ

as!)J3xa
sseusr/tvz 5
p4q I toql/q.lqtn uart4 aut!|laansaw
'' (a1)ua s.1
aqr "
4r t1Jql4.]qn -!D1
'' tDUa4tatn
%q s,pup ttrlqtn t nou, aqt ro
el11l41LPlqtn
a.Dq
10|1tl1ounaq
fi.4.bt1s|llq
tlat M.q sD.!pqt/ct.lqnt PM Paqaa.
ua.l tp'.14o vq tltql/Qtq.)] l]tatu ulaqat ot '
|to n [a tno stn I uaqt"tlaql aull 3.lJ
'
PDq an unqnlrql spuDt4 asoqJ
aluo pa.ltu !r q.tctat Dqt qa1| aql

8
L
9

s
,

indb: ftutn lan.loD but nercnbelessfee\ p.ltl ofii,

an.l thi.sfact Lran infortallt Jbatufr of tlre tert) .
lnrdi.cL.,ion. | -.LL' p lrrf./
rei(.r'.r
discussbn il you.rrc tcachingstudentsn4roire livilg
abrord tri the nornenr.

lVocabulary
Topicvocabulary:travelandtourism
(cBp.2s)
5.6Exercise
Bcfofe the srlrdenlsreadihe te\t or lu)k xt the (xr
toon, rskthemho$ impo||ant tElellingis lori,,cn,
rnd whnl Lhclrat Lrdesafe ro rouristsin cirowx
counties. Thc cxrLoolla-ill be exploited in thc
'clftenr quesrionJ oD CB p 26
'tiarcL
Ask thcm to .e..1 the tex!
na tb.tnksei.l
ask rhcm for theif.eactions.Look rt dre undcrlined
'o.
-r.rg..,...i, r''...
"\,rt ) nd 8F
Ansuers (CB p.26)
brcaden the mtnd (or tri.len tbe hadzans) = nal&.
lou open lou^elf 10Qthet'Llea-rdnd u,a.tsol lilb
"

Verbcombinations:'through'
Theme:travelandtransport(CBp.26)
5.7 Exercise
Dma stlrdents xitenrionro t|e dillerence' small ln
fom bur signiflcanth meannrg bers--n to see
though sLhg and'to see Jthg thrcugh;rlso lo get
though 1os'onc'and ro get thrNgh sthg l
Ansuers (Ct] p 26)
to|d ttrn gh: toldil(pd ic lab d pl.tn)
toseeth1o1lglr
s tl:Jg: h be dble tuseetlJercalnl
bchilid the st.t!
b eet th,lLtgh (io sbne) = b make cantactuxh
b put sb/!e tbtuugh = ro cor|ned t-^aPeo?le on tbe
tu llo tb tough s'thg = to et?enencelsLl|er
to break tbtuugh = lo na he an nnpart.tnt .1.h.).tDce
to sees the tbft'ugb = b conlplete s ths .le*ite ?bb
to llefi h tuugb s'thg = to pas*] t ccec.l
2 .fe tbrough
.l get thr.ugh

' t a a . 1 ,h . .
r 1.-, L .Ja ^.
4 ,t!ft4L..
dffdtge.J dnd pa id.far in adlid nce, tbe tr6. sport

petlk tine - tbe bLlsiesltime htw

lschool holiLlaf)
chailet = .t pldne Lhdt h,is beeD h h?d far sole 16e br L1

glnup ar argatTistlt
ion
Jacilities = equifrneltt. bltildiilgs .tn.l set,-ices
btLcburc = a publicih) ba.klet trilb pic hlres
unsf)oilt = )tttuii:tl, un der)elape.l
orct colnnercidlse.l =.fLtl|aJ n oPsanLl deLeloptnents
trbich en.ourdge tbe sPend, ry aJ noller
annu4l itn asion : eLleDi|e.ir hu n4eds of taurLrts
ta con/ im .i stelpotwe = to sttun!:then d ?t?canceiLetl
gellenlLre.l inage
insigb ts intu = hnou)ledge/un.lastandrlq of
prcju.rices reintofce.l = anu l"dsondble d islihe of
s'tb+ ar s bne Lhich has been mdde shltqer by atl

\."1: ^ri
orl
\ ' '. 1lJ. r'..
rin
tu mrkc thcsc phrxsesmorc mcmomble. ask studenG
1ontnc onc of tliem for lhe otheN in the grcup io
gucss(scc pegc viil for an explan.tlor ofthe purpose
Nore rlso: n brcdklhfough (an nnpoflant adrance)

Sentences2 1cep.zty
m en 4 t i c I i n k : hlst.oI y^ : Iigio1/n,vtirs/time
vocabulat!:
fxirh.

Current questions: The canoo. on Ctsp 25 in some

wxy illusrats rhc fcclnig c{trcssed ln the rext
ha:.4

th.t1| .

r,"F,,

h,,,.,.

|j).ir

Scepageviiitbr iders on ho\1to c'xploiLCureni

1/l'/l: ti..,e: va): miscellanec,us - dremc of

. to locls on wordswhirh rcferthercadereitherto

i.,-

b-. o rl,5r
to worl olt whal thesewords refe. to

Sxrdenrs.eadlihrr Io look our 1ol.

--

-l

Fro,".i

]ryaq @ ral !o&{ns 111".1iu3!s

tsaa aqtsdDqradlEo
?.{r[tula ].od .unaq asaqnoq pua a4oadtuapult
aql Pu'te"Pun ot 31utr4rnoqDsl PralaqJ
aqlla sJbuaq
ulaysuo 4t0ur!aq+4 uaqmk) D \r1a2o1pLtl)
a4oadra1easorstaiys .tqltoaN tuorJnnau lnt aA
[8qoqltu qsnts Io s8utuulgaqaq (P
6a d s)) ransuv
aslf,raxalrululns t 9
[po8 aqlJb
s2uL1l1trnlri aql asnrou 1'a{aaldoadaLltplp[cLA I
NanaLts.adoad
i u e ' d . t , J o , n t , t t ' t o , 3 . , , ' t ' t l l l pN t i ^
tpurl.rt34.Dq uoadalng aPul
lto o4'<lJ qltat !u""fqlawr4a.ora
H
101'I
qt]lltg pla
oadnEv.tt aqi qtfl ry*q lB.\oqt[u

'sq1;louoxl
^ma Dqpult s-qraluat.
's-apr!.
auars
ntnq u9u ryarslqar4plp lqa t
llu?uuua2

(sruasard.r ,lr. rEqa I?s

01llqsso.l sr tt 'srsx. g etllo tno I uI) sauD a rJ .lr,
:.r' Iaql 'saldu'xa sr pelroa
urrq a^xq q)rqa roal rsnj ,L| (uo{ rrtdY e:)r]?^p
ur uorlrrl.s .qr uaql .^i:i lslirspnrsrnon roj FJ
'sPioa FuuaJer aql r,r
dpq.q plno.{ I FaJ n ,,{I os
'.slrraxa rln)qjP P elnb q rI
urJ ol sruapnjs auqs?
( pu"lrl pur sq".lN rr.asl-v) ,luo{ eluor lto
loqtlu trrrt.l noqt uoDtuIoJLrI rsour srop raql(,
'sPo8
(str^usq .uos pu? sIRnIr {ol .uos ,{Lq]ssod
.ir3ql or :^ruaunuou salrp ruors Pulqaq rpl .^tq
oqa suor!tr rtqrtorN aqr rr^\suY) .la)ualsF. ileqr
Jo lepor aiaqr sI .ru:pha 13qa puE 1z rull rroJaq
or p.!.ts sI suorF8lo dnoil qrrq^! 3 . lrqdleq
i)q {8tuJ suoDs.nb uolsuagardulor oar io auo
:-deB aq1
u llg or lll tr.qr rrojrq rrnoq sI rI rttla Jo t.pl pooS
? rr3 ot lxat :ql qSnon| pEar ol slutpnN arp Ise rsic
eslrJexo e)BlJd z 9

oslo sl
aqt uo{Paoro.las aun)aq utotLttl plP u.q,a a
/................spo,etqn - er !q@no1oq1 3u!4oo. lau svm 1'atu aql
tsr!!,su.4!ts .lqt.qaaNlo suloaal pb)at tLlqa I
r9qr pal aq = qu :a1!lD '2no lpaxu Slttzoox = qql 0I
(.6a.l g)) sranMo alqlssod
daalso@u w,
:-pror{ SuFaJar ar0 lo
r uaq eua aql - anql :ua[].ud tpaq fl an pLt!1u
aqr = tDqJ :wal4tt{tcqaq nskll putu aql - 1l 6
suolrur'l er{r poo$iaPun srq .qs/aq Jirl.qa aor{s
(spuDtudp u! asy aE./n asm.aq u! asl D = snqt 8
upr ru.pnrs t \'uoDs.nb poo8 SuruuolItr sDAsui
Suuauoqs aqldtptt
uaNS .qr qrrEuror suons.nb a)"u ol sluapLrlss{sx
- q.nu oo1 I
pu, '[4q]q*allut = stu tuauaaa
sqr 'raldtrp Bupr:J sno ed eqr Ul .srtrFx3 .qr ql]
laaq.s ot uarnlq)
asl)raxaatrFrJd
9

qulpuas
= slqt loottrsat uaqrp Sulpuas = rN 9
s! aSanSurl
ssa!.bqtltt { D"12ua3
papl4sua4pn
Quouaqt) 1! 9[
aql pql pDlaql = slqJ :a8'n8ufl|aqr - lpqt
slqJ 9r
ansst{].ud D oslDs1lpq^ - as :llownl
!q] ,I
Ltl D san palsua) aqj tt)q|1.Dr2q = rDql
s11
tI
a.rcq. qq ,t!1st ar svq aq lpqt bol aql = slql t
,
1I ZT
aFB-ru1slno ultt1 p
asau II
:aF8ruls
=
t!
Suat p s! pqi Mn a la
rlaq a[
".ua!rad\a D b
lntu
,na t nrtpSLatt elDqtto4'
tAaplrlta) j! 6
lna unorp 3u.4 t' = 121u1oJaql tom a = auo
6 Qaq)uaql I
uaua.ka lwxa rna = stno :tuauwana;t
,tn"b
Gqrq [aqt I
' tD
\tt u^ u4.dd\Dt t.a t :Hndklt. u-tu"
(arnlttu)4 9
pDJ aql = s1q1'Lt uluanod (qslws aq, rua = no z
)Dq1 ,
s.uarPllq. aqt = rlaq1 1aaq.s w - ahql
t:aqt
,
lL4.as : asaql I
too@s ut.4/ tDno = aplsrno :sl114s
(u!D441) 4 t'
(Lz .I g.j) *ntuY
.l.Iu'tn e untB 'uaqt a
aFuDtD so uan!8 -.l!aqt I
arx sPtoa SulrU.DJ rqt l"qa uo uorlual1? snroj or
(82 d trl) srams,r
sr 33ts srqr rx .sodrnd aql :slrP.il!3 rql uI proa .tu:^,
rruo 'i_asaqt,
SLnpuxrsr.pun L{ uaop pa8to.l ool FB ol lou uaql
.ruo
.slr,
roJ lr]?uo.lu'r sl lI rsorax. sql oP slurpnls uaqa
sJuo ::u.q],
ar!.ds.lBrls ,|l
.)bt ir.ql,
^?ld rqr uoq rsrq) sntln{nq .lonb r sr .Idurtxa e[r
(,.i1, rq oqr Ptno) ruo qSnoqlr) ruar',Iar{r,
eslJJaxo ssouell v l9
.trrar .islLll,

[:

RFADIN6

tbe ight ansuer is tbesectiolt af tbe tefi hetuecn lines

31 atld 35

Vocabulary
ldiom/metaphor:
time 1cep.zs1
6.5 Exercise
Annuers (c13p.29)
Ids call it a .1af =.linish eh.lt te rc .lo ing
He left on the .lot of 6 OO= at exdcrl.l tlrat I ine
yau.a1? stq)here.fartuetb e beinA: leDtpoMrily
Sbeg.\'s to be.1ijt tbe e.1r1!bou^ = ar .) d.m. or 1a n.
v'e de.ide.l on the sf)ur aJ the noinent : spont l
Sonia {:@d neu,scan mdke ,ry .ldt = giL\!ple^'ui?
Iliketu al1ik at the dilpoll in eood tinl?= De be|dre
It u.rr j ttst otTeoJthose dars = d di,tast/ous dd!
He'll be berein Do time (dtdll) = rcry qliclel!/saon
i;be leJithe buiLiingin the nichoftune =jLL,tbe|nle its

1 .. an tbe slr"'.t the khlnent. I needb tbn*.tbout

4
5

(|$ed hen talhing .Lbaut decisioht, pla ns et. J

.. 1 Sues ita jLtt p,oing b be one af thoseddrs.
(nike sures|uden^.lont trr to.han|e those it
dllt dls sla]:sLbesame)
. . . I J b e h e l et 1 t 1 1loi m e ( a t d ) .
('dtaI makestbe e^??ssianstraneer.It is mast
.ti(n Lltetl 1d uDnlinesilltdttun Dberctbe
Vedkerua ts to c.1h1tor re.^sure)
. . then heu,illanirc ar9.-i0.nthe do|.
...Ja r tbe til ne bei jrg u.)esho11l.1 l earc thines tb e
( ntil something else haPPer6, aris atanged)
and tunrcd ofthe g,,siu the nick aftme.
(use.lbhenlau lBltttosdt) !bd! d disasteruoul.l
.nh enrise h a P h apPene.l)

.r ,d.,
-lorri
..
hil
the iou. rem2iningtime exp.essions.

Ask sftrdefis ro do lhc crercise,fiLlingin the gaps

$,lth any wo or phnse thet makessensein ihe con
text. Ther couldnork alone. in paj$ or es a gfoup.
l . - , . r e ' e ' . . , l , i o n , u n d e r. n ( ( f , 1 ( {
.nd es a grcup decide snretherxnyone lhoug]Ir ofa
wofd or phr.Nc which coul.l s.trc es a good definiiion of the lerb conbinrtion
.l,Mels(CB p 30)
1 giEn tbe name af(tu be nane.l afeD
2 su'Prise.l br, .tnazed br (to be taken aback)
.J con munkatinq, et?lessing (to plt ! dcrcss
usuallf use.l to tdlk abaut d mes..dEeor ideds)
4 a?Pedled b be,EdLp the imprcsian of being Oa
5 be.ome tuo exite.l (to get ca e.l du.)a!)
6 !1itu, u ithaut a-rkingJor naneJ, (to gte auq,
.,dtcr ",'lc/L tr,, y)h 'n't aeaphd...,
|bd| t1ononel is beirTgdsheLl.fot)
7 rcsemble(1olahe altef thisc.!n include.hancter
and ?hlsica I dppeau nce)
a .li11i.le.lato be tont/pulle.l apaft bt big dirferences,also lsedin the neg.ttire e.S.Norhing
can tedr them apdt )
9 enqu ircs about (to ash dfter s bne)
Ask rhe srudenisro choosea lew of the verb conbi
nationsand !o use then in {lei.o*n senrences,citlief
in classor ior ho.rerork.
Evc.! now xnd ngein whcn asl<ingstu.lenrs to
lvrire drcir own scnlences, lt night be soltl$ hile
suggestinge Lheme.or choice ofthemes. to use for
| ..
d \ " r . " 1t . , .
)or
rcvisingthemalicvocabularypreviouslvcovered.

Sentences
3 1cap.:t;
Ihe n atic link: Notk/jobs/unemplolment.
Text U/)enplatmei|l
vocabukt j|Tv jobs & \rork;vC: down' rhcme or

Aim

.ur'-pr d-T od -ra'B-.- "

Verbcombinations:
miscellaneous
Theme:faith (cBp.30)
6.6Exercise
'lhis

exerciseis ditleren!lioor drc orhcrsin the book

ln tha here xre diffe.eni preposilions'after the ve.b,
nol NsI one as usuill.

Lt.r-,,

ol8"d
o-p i aLFa
. ob r o. o-i i8r-8,

.-.o,

r,c"-

.c.o

Therc is x very good cx.rmplcof this s.yleof adting

inrhc te:l Childbood inemoner oD cB p.2,10,where
the urusual wod order akes I difficuli ro flnd the
bxsic subject'verb-objectsr.ucture.
Ask studenrs ro read what ro look out lbr'

tlr

.1?!duoStjt\ orpDot aqJ itooq s II.NO

aBro)t uro4 uatrr $ !r .qJ turnot Jo pwr{
x sra..I.a,{S xnntrlxl.ql. :uoDDLuJoIir
SurDrr ard
esrrJexaa)4)Jd z /

qlm uou).L[uo.

q)

tqDl
raqta QDa Dl
(t luta.l) 9I
1?nLlq lou saap ,

auu.lb sadl1 ulDuat

ailto.l aLU.
(tlsvq' qra a./t
Jb palqns.q \MbJ aull Ft{a11tua aqr I rqo.l) tr
ON
(f tu!o.l) ,r
[/.]s aqt qqn uo 8ua]a!)
tr-ois aqt q1m ua sta' tuqnD aqJ
laquDaql
azra I1lltad) tI
ntot uo.J att! a.D!!ns s.quD.r aq1!a)Lto&n1p .qJ
s,qrLtt aql
quDg aqllb 1.1.'1s.ql:
qrtDs aqL
(z to r tltlod) ar

qa.ti.a[.to palolara.! uo. e.Dlraql oafl aqf

aldl1uu.IaqL
asr. aqtpu st s1ryiDqi snan.to[patads] n
(z lL1|oAII
allt tDp,iaia tu l
IIo tnx aa(ra.Dq ocrnadaatlu.'luDdD auolons
a teSa apnop t rqo.l) 0t

arnpa.tri,otpasnuaaqnry O,rrror, O,ro, ,O,l!.

pan ary 'SuuDau waDl/ip ti prq savlqd an|
aqlIap oras a4./j ) sauluoau r9tlMs apq [aqJ

([ tulod) 6
(,uihe1 prm aqi nlb,ior
aqj Io Suuanol eB s
, pu, asn9.l D aq ntrcqs ataql - pnop t'tts at stuap
nlsaqllso oi uaiuaspoaB[UDpttu'do s! sql)
D 'tr \'f ltJ ttJo,ar D.'pqtlne
ranbaerr aqrhro a.uoq2 aU
tuaua.un.uup aw
(r tutod) tt
a,:lruatufilssn.ns ttq6n ahu
ilp!.ash
?q1 rarNtv aladsat sratka oq^, saa)uD nql
uo 4sD a] rtuusDnbtDuoprpp' LrV a.uatuas anx
aqi ot uou'ktolitt Jb s4q,tu$4 aqt tp q,nolql
lbm.r'aqr aastuapn^-.lpq.4 fauSlsaps! Ltoltsanb
aql ltxq l.Drrxa qn.&jp f,taltuaq1pp 1ts! stL)
suaultlaiar utml aqL
(qan
aqt [ ]u!od) I

UA

uauornotuuat pqrat
(I|ulotl)
't
aal q3, P?h 'q
"J " r'
tun Puuw pqt Pult u1q LlaaP a1lxopa^
ar SulEDadssvn [Lh. t pq] srrDJa.ft oi eabt .nqJ
( puLry ada.sa Lo' au6btul ot sru?pnrspDal
'dao.
pjnaqs
slqlp
D
uosjtd
It li Suutasaqr srsaS
? 1. 4 1 q r t
t t t t . d ' a . . p D , D . D", tJd,t,'. I
,t'ba n, ODttI ,...
e'1t ,e rsl tt Da r,
u"qna n'
1.3 'u.a.r uD.,-Jrrt t,r,tJ.

s,tuql
ON

(
nou4
pDqa.rlj,saDau,
uaau4.q pD.!, z luiod)
dn
m E[aql uaqn sapttlut' tstxa.^pu' tslru ae'q 01
Qa| .LtDsrals8u a{ Wlqn fiaqit uollttruorUl aqJ
J4
(Zror tulad)
52J
ON
sal

(4.tt, 't on anuttqautfUua

.laqulLtDSulptilxu1'anu'gauatqnop- tulod)
sJl

Gntlit8au annop - t 1u!od) ?

ptDI
'qai,ryautuj
r1rufl n auoqdap! at! JJbud aq lnq
nltat aqt paso.ltuo..H :st a.uatDs. -rq aql:
(lapro plart pruJouJa uat aau! Z iL4oA r

(re d st) sJarrsry

:uorssas.uo .sr)
iqrnu oor.q ot ,aord Ipu sqt s!
ja$
papr
.Ioqd
JU
op
ot
poo8
iou
n{iJrl!
rI
".qeqt
'atruarues
rno p.ros
r^!q -{aq1raqr: qa ftrq or.l.l' aq lll\ nol Sursaqd
pur uon?uotulr|aqi ulori pnol" uaqrpuE -{FuetB
lrrrrx: qJ?a pr ol gu.pnts rise ol sr ! Jo suBd
ro iasr :xa srqrqlld txapor.{ea atqrssod.uo
' n

.J l-

,\!JL!

.uL

'r

ol

aas) Inrurp arou aq snEAle llh sproa trBtsqr rnl

uor rqr s.truatues Jo uorsu.rlerduor rELl reGAoq
'prcsaq ol seq
u i.tqrsuaq.rdurorursru.as !q8ts ]sU
r" 'qrIr.IAFunlrruos 8lnpr.r or..ursrsr rqt uassol
sd]?rlr.d or pur 'Sulprar rr.qr rII F)tripux .rotlr
.q or sru.pnls ab?rnoru. or st slt]r puqrq
aql
' a r u e l u . s : q t o l e t r l r u o r l r . s , r o J t n o l o o l o"apr
rrrqa,
r { " . p r t . u u , q r 4H \ . , J
J u'
'parDllduroJ rr salEu rrql aruaruas.ql rnoqu srtr
. " r ! , r , . r , , Jr r \ 1 . ' . p r , ! d . u r r - . I , r d
"
uo) qrraSurtxeproJ {8eru$ r dola .p pue ilSnorF
enroJr pufi sru.pnrsdpq or s.ul rslJrrx. srqJ

aslrraxassauaJBnvIl

ulDu aqr u.rlttL,m SuaI D s! D.!4^

lt"r

Ifl order to xnsvef fic qucstionsthat fbllo$ rhis exer

.isc.\nd7 .1 Practice exercire.stu.lentsNlll hxve io
read crrcfully to ltn.l t]re basicsentencesnrdures.
.1zse"/s icB p.3,i)
/ He ba.l been ltuitt? itt Elrmd. uberc there u)asna
!. sijlce ledLing &itain 6 a chil.l ,1t
unenplolne
a time u,het1thel? oas Plenty afl,oth aftel lbe
me bss ofJbl?iqn narhets.
^b, na mare tu bldne tb,tn dPersontuho,ins
olhing ut d lotterl
4 (Tell dre studentsto keep theif sent.ncessllor
n.l Siiple ) A .Jumler d rbe lnen I net ere
decent .young peopte.
5 n\q'.feel. bdned dnd pe"ontl !.tegra.le.1, but
alsa to bldme for their sihlatian . Tbis attitu.le h^t
'a
r'.' \'tb, ".tJt
b.,' Ionrt,
".
belierine thtlt tbc u,Tenplored uetu la2t and
.aul.l alt.find tuorh iJ tbq)aante.lto. lhe Lnem
?loJ,e.l begin tu belie* that tbis is |rue.

2
3

7.3Summary
exercise
Ansuer(CBp.a1)
b) Vben tfi^t sau) enqLted rnen at closequaies,
tbe thingtbat h.n-rqed tnd dmazed neuastolilttl
t hdl t aLL!of tbcn u)erc.Lrbanedof beine une,

7.5 Summaryexercise
Ansuer (.CBp.31)
1'betupi. sente ceisthe|i$ona Tboseenin!14
unconne.te.lercutshetalde,l thesunnbns ofMr
GeoryeSnilef.frorl hit dubhLt rcthcment (.Thercsr
ofplaccsandscenes
of rhc Lcxtis derxlleddescdption
whichrelarein someway to Lhcfacirlnt Mr George
Smileysas goingto comcoul ofreirement.)

Vocabulary
jobsandwork (cBp.35)
Topicvocabulary:
Wriie up on the bord some areaswilhin dris lxrye
r u p i . r . g . , o n e . \ " \ i n ; r i r _ . . 9 F , . . n e .o' l ' . o . 1 q
rolu j()b;asksiuden$ in srnxllgttrrps ro brxlnsloml
any vo.. trularythcy car th ink of n ithin the arca.This
.,r.rt. b. Iri.r(,n.r.
rr-J,
1' rtr, oli.
l.ook thfough th v.,cabulxrybxnk, dcaling wilh xry
nen'o. prcblematic wo.ds. Someitetnswhich tnay

(This senrenceis the bestslnmary scnlcncebecxuse

ir brings in both llieerilcr's fcelingsand dre teelings
which is $4uI fie rea'tis aboui.)
ofrhe LrneDpLoycd,

. ,"d ndd'tc\lalil1\
ls thcrc a dillerence?They
j'fF
UF r...^
L,rl',-J.lee
no.e wofk io bc .lonc, ,nd rhey are nos- used
rnorc or lcss synonymously: hos'evef. lal-off can
be useclk) lndicxlc a tempomrysiate ofunem

7.4 Practice exercise

'fhis
erlrxct is frolr]ohn le hnC s S"Liler's Peaple,
xnd contanrssomc ivonde illly long sentencesio bc
'F|11,L
Fr'.. qill ''
h'
plitudie Forcllncssol fie texr. and nake ii conp.e

. to he.lisnisseLl,lircd, etc. wliafs thc diffcrelce?

'lhey
allmcan to lose yourjob becauseyouluk
rllegedly bccn in soue wa]' unsatisfa.toryi firc.|'
and 'sack..l' arc nore colloquial.

Ask s denls kr rea.lrhc tcxl quicldy ro rhemsehs,

rhen io look rt the fou. qucstionsbeloN.
AsL one sNdent io rexd Lhcfir$ perngraphaloud
Gh. a,ay it ls rcad vill tellyou ihether Lhcpxragreph
has bccn undersrood),rhen ask for the ans$,crLothe
fiNt qucs(ion.Continue in this wa_v.
hot andfulloJ b ries.
I I'ais L,
"ery ro xln lbr r shofi xnd simple sen
2 (Tellsildnts
tence ) A uD n.tn cdne lian an old aan:house
and aalked tu tbe bN stop at ttuelre a cbck on
J , Hamb ry lsPl'os9ercLL,and busr.
t . l h . a L . i ' . - . . t , " . 1 . r t , u 1 . .. . t . '
bedulltulin tbe earlf autumtl.
4 He u^r tuorking in tbe Ion.lan Iibl ary (unhnE a
nonozraqb an QPitt.

!=

7.6Exercise
In some senrences-nore th2n one answer is possible
,lrsaers(cll p.35)

5 na.le rcdu11d.1nt,Iai.1.t|
6 uorke.l arerLntte
7 on the doldunemqto|ed
9 pranotiott (j.h s.ttisf,tct iolr)
1O tt'.tnliE ( ElaliJicatiotlt' is not passible, becduse
ofthe,erb receire )

Current questions: Scepnge vlij fo. suggesti.rns.

'sJea$rlnlsr$t .rr l.qr '3u rqt-{uE.t.G'.qiror q3nou.

Suol,txrsluop.(aqt irtrnq uxllt Fqtpr iort!)p urtto
,irar laqr 'sra.Funu.jiq ur rrro. iirtt) illDx 8ur
prlur uP ol rPltruF.n s]srrn.4,\rA ]1\l{ ur ^!s pur
6r d lttr uo rirf,,f, srlrtrr7?r. t t nr iloot s!'os!1].l
'ruoi J.DrirsrLt,suuarL.rur uo .trrrru.l r.q nJroc
'$au oP ., lrqr) tnoul Dtssata aq
tD r1q 1t1.
u81;,!al alutu^'aqt.!o '\osluan aqt o als ptnant l:aqt.
(st d 8:))r'6er
:_lslrlot ro r_tlrrl)i1ts/srrq]'r.t
q]oqrol:rrrrs eql iq
\
|
I
|'. 1
"t I
"'t
or rlq!.q ttno.{..ns uit srs rlotto dnoriJ! ot 8ur
-irs;]pnrB
nor..l,r
aL! a.tptr1o.! s.srr.x.
ruaix.lnfi.
:r]1 r^l3 put s!!et rqr
or rsnl ittrnla. sql uI
rr.tas
]x.t Jrlt Jo tlno.lrrlt lltr.r
uoLUuD ur srlt uorrlrrtilr r .rtr tq,\ nro ljor\ or i^ ]
l;,q}pux Sueear o:\,{(soqd'Fu
p.puaF. r)
sroslrdul(D ajLlpJrsnl|sso.Drauor ualjo stu.pnts
a s r r r s x as s 3 u 3 r .v1z 8
( u?.lalrtp.DqtoL.D
pPDutt/.zx"u
s lot{1 pLto suosoat tua.t./! p.tu] a3 sDuat pn' ar\
aq, saa.lltp
a.qDaqtaLtr.blss.rtpthq! tbr1.q!
ar
6ua.
Dat lora3as./orstl aqt .q pl na,n eqt ) tupadorns
t.Ltttu Iq a,nLaio.ls st qsu8uq!Dq! !rD/aqt jslr/
6
01rs uaa.ttsll soq lsq,n t \1o.tD.s1.,r.1aou!
rLt?q.La 1u,{ltuotu.) /,i.s uatssatndtD.lpatu aq1 I
At"
''..d.,. a t,.r'. 1'p
. pl
(eraqDv) PurLol,
4rDqrlaql tuarl paro4dn ^paqlitD $auqrJb
9
o.ll
''.1
'.trw
"L'-It'..."
'aprlttlti SLtl
''1 ,. .tt.
't
,.r :1 .t -.tt..
.n ( pal:.1n:1ol1tDtu
klor8 rLD
rall p o tn.1, a,Dssatu,aaLls) aprtu n! na. aLrtLk\tl
ut Eutuo sassrtu SL,]lsUSls aqt lit ratqaq:tu)ro
paliLtuko to qtDs \' t1.ns sau. u1)t.|.\rlas
t
'a1r'1LLd
u1
\'!t
o!
aqs1Dqarmt .rc'sata!.q 11I11.r..'1,qrl tflq
,
(slatrD lo $LaLor) rastut.nl, aasor1u.n I
t.10 iuadD ua.q qu.)
pDq rualrdaqttq pan!tuut' euLt.aqt li uana .'
asluna..ta uaq.t ptlquo. Ds?tnpallul
rar)noqj) \n iurP nl pptursataprlt arDq Ltmn
t{Du
an
stsa;lhs
itoLt
a.Mpna aq '.LatD,noH l
iu!1
(Lt .t A)) staneb alqtssod
'E FrdEqt Suiuarsrtui punoJ.q
uE) asDFxalo pu'lrr|urs Y a s'r pintr.s. roJIooI

FPrar aqt salru rxqr ^Eq B ur pxar a.t or Jtru.tu.s

.q] .!nxr ^tFrr. u.r ^uPurs'r,spr\\ rqr Jr\r.\\ou
' s! ir,r .urirs rqr In uraru pU|
rLlr
,os 8uL$otLoJ
or p:tult ill pur r)qlaSor oB sersnl at.luBe siql
u' rtLlr'!'p Itqnop s!.\olaq < ou arDru.t.rritrrxd
)rotr' Lojr.r.b!lr SuuuAruD!:t.r aqrrr )oot su.l
qord T nrrnrts rsnirr s)sp.qdr. spror rrln),!xd
.UJo iu'r JI s.nlr J$,\olloJ or s tuiqt Errcdurr.qr
rr1q ,_arurtliasasrl! ituusiuir to s,nra\l'rrfol rrqro.q
{.u .raqr :_uorrsriJtns .rx ,!$ltol tpqr sr.^\sut] .q.l
e s p J a x as s a u a J iv l 8
\loltolnrqa\ qrLr teaPput rtrrPad
u'r),{.qt r'rqttu.trJuor pq ot u.qr dl.rl IIi\ rr ilrol
j..i sp.rc.tr.)jr.trt is.qr rpqr luorlruq.rt .su5o..J
ot u0.turtr stu.rpntsJLroJtno rlool ot nxld\. Pr.J
u.rl r)lro i(.rol nrc rloot or trqrN. lo I turod iis)
uo'trrrrrdorrira pur uosotduor'$etruor atrnporui
natt s.s.q.lri sprc.! tsritn! ot slurpnts Is! rrqrrg
sf 3u fl 3r s:sE'td pLresproM 13: }?it^\ EusuBoFr
lq SupEruelM!opp.rdlolfsaqlaoFG?01.

lFurg :r\s-:uour.o oruna\1, tpr t\lt:LtlttnqDrol

'a\rn;lu,l , lulLut ?7 :txal

'uarurp.sn
s' .!olu!or pl'rr. uourrolo:)u'1ou/rPr :ryr?//rrrraT
'unrrrtr/.iJxntupt
qsltufl aq :4u .UbeaqJ

puesacueluag
Oeder) sqde.,3e.red

u,$oPr.t tr.i r sD-\rt

', \.,1 o (,.JP"
rBu,un,u.t -vr
sp\ r 'n-'r ou.uuroddrsrp e) u\\opt.t ? :osl! :ro\
tu!1op.ttas ot) t|luauDuua.Iaru ot a
(u:naP)ua,sIDU at) atlll
lpp S|tq!.rut.,sq sa)pstu..qt uuorattuaqttait I
turnp.ua,s tal a!) sn p.jlrJ 9
ttrnop oF oi) .f'plsta!.ap 9
I u nop auo.spt ot) passardap ,
)al)a.ltpat !:
tualttnap n. ostp uno|
'j..sll;L
ila.p |t.u1i 01)papalar
Z

tLtlr)P putrt at) wtal I

(99d gl)svaaszr
3s!rrexl I l
(9.dll )Jo/v\ :oL!aql
.ur\ oP, :suorlEurquJof,qJo

9N Ovill

neqorc

- ]

exercise
8.3Awareness
Thjs exefciseconccntrxrcson thc secondpoinr in
'Vhaito look out ftr', that is how t() recognisclnno
q. C.
'
.
. _ n- o o l , r n g
"ndI i.e rl,rr "' au ',
o\bt l/r aZ) Introduce dlis idea by dms'ing attenrion
, . r h , L l j l t e r eF F m - - , r l p - F g J , . F , , t l ) , n o
hor cnough) rnd r litrle (positive)or, byasking
ho\\'rnany dlferent wxys as can be used,
. a cotliutlctioll uitb tbe neaning of fien ar
'tuhile Sbeshaute.l as sheopelted rbe .Joor '
. in compal*an nnrctures Isaaasmuch^rI
.

uben talkittg 6bout sorneonesjab

He uorke.l as

.lescnbiks srnilanLf oJerenLsor sit atiolls - As

lt)ith theharse,so uitb the.dr.'
. bnttu)duce arcaso - Sbebou9bttlcar 6s she
.li.ln't lihe qt.ltl1q ,t tbe Mrt.

and probabl),.1fes'other lessinrponxnt ones as well

1 ralre he?ta)Ed a bigPati
2 True lrtle klLoltledge
3 Don't knolt) tbe sentenceis ambiquous:it is nal
clear thether rbe nLtnber 156 refe^ to tbe ntnba'
o|PeaPle in the noL or tu rhe number dnested, ar
(Thjs is ? fo.etaslc of lhc knr.l.,f problem tr\ar will
be found in Rerding chaprer 9, and cxn be
albwed to gcncratcsome useful preLminarydise Lloublenegatiue(Jeu b^\ a rlegat|e ne.1n
ing o[ Jlot m,]nr')
5 Donr hnotu Sinceptobabu tneant becduse'
betu. in uhich ..tse ue dou I knaa bour long tbe
sheilJ hds been there, ar hoa na,! robbenes
therc wrc bejbrc rbeseJi"e: but it ce4u mean
'sincethe timehhen', i'tt hi.h c^'e aIJiN tob
b , . . a . - . . u r y c dt u r t g h | | + f f . a r J t n
"

1T

q|.frce.

(As !r numtrer3. you couklallow this senrenceto

genente disc!ssbn in anticipationof lhe nc'xl
'i rrt- t,rt.. p b"laa+..'1 ,a'.J dauaitl
the libnt! behngs together
7 Ttue nat ledstbeca seaImea stoan"npat
tant extmr tEcause o/
a False - double negatire
'othertb..t nedrs ejlceptlbL beside!
9 Ttue
1A Fake 'nat a likb concerned rneal cansideqblf
11 False 'no sm.nuedl meant'.t bie dchielpment
12 Fahe '.1little time XPositilP
t D a . . k r ^ ] , . t t . . - t . . , t L - t , h . t . .b h , , . . t r . . u l l

ar

__:l

.tt sone tine be|bre he ueli iltto tbe room, but it is

a,.. , t, d, , h2th"t h" rca. th,41 i b,Iap tur'uE
or a/ier mJ aun mtry. 'As' means beca se tu Lbis
1.1 ?ake

har' intro.*Les neeatiue aqreemenl

8.4 Practice exercise

No ansves are givcn for lhis erercise xs fte original
(ords are glven aftcr thc g.rps in r]le cB.
If possiblc,lcchnicrlly and xdministraiively,this
teal coul.i bc shown on an overheadtnnsparency to
the vholc class,which woL d mean ]'ou.ould con
trol rhat is .cvcxled end whenl
It ls an exercisch prcdicring-using rhe cluesin dre
text. Hos'eycr. ir is rno.e or less impossible to get the
same nords es thc originnl, so encourage as runy
suggesiionsxs possibleth.tnxhc sensein context.
(Trere is a slmilar prcdiction typc excrciscln
listcning chrpter i, Exercise5.2.)

8.5Summary
exercise
P.e .cading inibflnxdon, El'L' means English as a
Foreignl.rnguege.The ter't is aboutthe differences
rt" gh r.f-'if
rl" lin.lol r-gFnl.
"h,
ers with the standad school ter:tbooks and the kind
ofEnglish thxt is spoken in.e.rl lfe, and what can he
Possible antuer (.cB p.39)
,'t Passibletille co1lld be Speaking En!:lish i.li.'n.ln
Fordiscussion:optioml, but could be an lnteresting
discussion as it is somelhing thxr every studenl must
have an opniion on.

ldiom/metaphor:adjectiyeand noun
collocation( l) (cBp.ao)
Why is it cold comfon' (se-- 8.4 tcxl on learning a
language)and not 'cool confon ? There ls mrely an
ansser to fiis kin.l of quesrion. which is alveys
askedwhenever collocarionis practisedlftjust isl
Encourage studefis |o learn these actively and
accLuaiely,a.d use any way you can lhinli of to practise L\em - miming, drawing. wdtlng sentcnccs,elc
8.6 Exercise
Antu)ers (CI3 p .1A)
l a nanoa escaPe

I 6l
P..u't.aP sI .t'ol! s4l!Dt:r
an13ar .uotulr.tottD.kt tLlLlLma.t p|11oqs :tauoq
n
1
Du8tddoq: uoxuauy to.t.lcj V:uolt at q
Da {rn lal !t1n nal :luaruatDteapLtlt
lil.tnb,Aan btn,Q.n DBp I:uouua$'fxE
taal b a1!t!1
aql.lof.Dqlran aquraq 1,.1A lu.'r

t
,
t
a
t

(It '1trtr)
('lurii"s4trr./sr\ r4rrr .qr r?{,r pu.) eads,}'

Fqr.iJor asDraxaaqr q8no.qlol-) s.rtlsur.qr

roJ s.ldu.xa aqr pEarsruapn$ .qr rat ^ta rEurallY
'pasnr:rr\ :r]r
Trrur ,{ltrar aqs/aq rxq,{ Pur
rnDruqr.r.rqr ]lJrru.pruEtrsluaPLrrs
aqrJ' :.s pu.Ilrrl
r r! auo prxoq 3qr uo s.ru.nr:s .)tdlorxr Jqr .rrrl\
'Jorlrq t\.1 r .ryru or P.$,{lluauaS ar! sanbruqr.r
rsrqt triqr sr Jr.lur.u.i or sru.PnF Jql rol .urlJr ruxl
ro.lurr uV iiuor pu" lueru.trts'r.pur1 'uoDpieStjDrJ
Sunrdr)ln pup tu4nuapr saslrEd :srjlal: s,rtJ
a s r r l a x as s 3 u a J a lv l 6
'asodn rrqarol pur nrrtx') rPrt.ror '.SrnituPl
udo s,rueplusaql u' pesn er sarhep.sirp jrqrJrlr
smr$P:.rcJ rno )ootorrrLtd\ p?ar or slurpnrs Iry
rol8urun? srN rrrF.r rU uoissardur
rELt,{.rxrJ.ddr ot sPD\ .rI punl.q.)s or rlq'i .q or
a^Eqnoi si5_n.r.llr,{ .ql lrqr spo^\ rql pu'rli.pun
01rsnl rt8no(. lou srrr ltnrrglp {r.^ purj III?ns1
s'lurpnts rPqr rrP uP Llrd JraP sraniBqr oi\r t-\au eql
sardur rlr.urp a1rJr01soLls Narall p asn1]?l
raua p qr 'tM !r slea ar.tlpurrapun p! ljrluapr orl .

urtv

'sJDltodlo
-,dn.
:srlrlad :^L :t[-otnqDJal
eul.qr
)^
';luu
ot
auoqd
aqlra.l3L.u1D\ :$aJ
's)ttau :r/L!/JUD&au

( | r'd f,)

SurPeeu
I seurlaql uaa/vgaq

sDq 3ut44Iq
o putl 'p u9tEtq u1
Suixu Dtt/\lq sLota i49lqaaq
asnolarol snouD! $aLuaqrlpqqu.Jst lo.sv asal
$au ?q7u1!nnntn aeoq q.t.t'n 01sv raqltlq 41i
!a.1o 3Ltpxl.lIq tlbuotuulo1ar.'MLu aq nran na/\ Or
tua1.,lreqftq .lb Dau 3u!1111.Dt
-huou aql ul aLtu q.,Lu Pua.l. rou saap&toqald
,llatfuuo r/i.laD^trA 1u1;lru'K aqt asnoras 6

!--.*,

(suaLMaJll.snaH aql
ar ealat llDLurau u 'H t'1ld'. D qjlrl.liat ! ,tq u 4
ltln s] ,astnH, uaqlN suoutua) lo aetoH aql u!
uad talru]t utl slq supunoLnl' aq nnam. I ratsn, w
aqt. a
u9u!! ) ta11baq.ry aqtlb l.tpLDqJ
(aaDn'uD!,aqr
ut pae a-o nql saua aqt qtln \pto.t1 aq ?.ta.Iuto.
ot tu'n siuapus aqt.,ll-tatsutoqtat1. a\,a4mq
au/ip 1nlrDLtuuitp ctslt,ur qslt1un poo,
q u&urq btuas D s1FsunD) s aa d SuluDaal
'Jd p j.L!, 'a.r4at'r
star4 rsa331.1aqi p aJattrl
un.2 ttTuitult) tD.uua) aqt t tblag pb actal I
paspt.?d:.l,q.snl
puD 1!ayD:) ltanq ttl asl.E p-1..1O
ui ;11!u1!s
aq!3utpua1l, aq n atl ssalt.ttlH tDl'ott J.H.b slH 9
(t01tq1?1u9:)
ul t.t! 'Luryuo7Lusj
au.la po?q
not'.r qaquDn puDltult {a elne
aU s! arr tunq.ettnz Jn.IaqslqLltV aqth aaaq
.qt at pautut Laaqsoq 'puol'lqJn q1tnq) aq ul
.latsuut[ LtDLtryto uD 'uaart pDlanry aqt avlr.ag t
(tuau.tL411p.I
Ja sNaH.q al
uart' zLuD aqt astpr retsuiuls.A1tryi) uapuo'l
'.|,ttLttulsa& u Sutp]tnq rLtau]JtlDd
.[a p,11s!t t
iqt u! Sut.ttnn aq ttrctn luakap'd [o nquaN V ,
Ltupua | ,aat$ IalJtrI ut pavq s1s.1t"t...Isl:u'ul
.qr Ja aua Insuo. ot nof, a41ttq1\u 'J.u aaa.Dr,I
tDrauat D st oqr] '@.ap [1llu"It nd( as]1Dan t
alqptsuDDlo4
, s12,t DpuD uDpuoT trll ladaaaut Jo a.1ol ar1a.l
aqr lo stalntnblraq )qi e p.t't puDttatt asntuat! a
uoPuoJ laarts nlntnoQ
I
aI oN 1Dsaitt.talslulht a !,@ qslryg aqt aeD)t
(0n o g:)) sra/tszrr
'u')rirqlr?rl{ tuirnqlj]lror sru.pnrs:qlqrt{ 'dnoJ8r
sr rsrr.r. rIIl 4tnoqr oS sDreids {s'l8|ln or ss.Ir
a^qtou op noIJI .aarrxu,r Surlsr iq :tlo^\;)ulo{
roj $r-{sux aqr puu or sruipnrs .qr rr; pFor noI
r no.!JI suo6lu.uuorr1la 8ur*.dertsrFun ur u
sitr.Tcl.qJ
sqord tiaqr ro.tdoid aU or t.+rll.r.

esr)raxll 8
suorlnlrlsul
pualrlqs0u:lJelnqelo^lPr)ads
atprBunts.ql A I
a1 3t.t11so.aqj 6
LtauoutSoltttplttlr D :Lrcarkt,otul,llualo a
ErDdstq8uq D
dl.ttua4an aPtuD 9
aE8ntts lttq.I1l uo 'C
4supalq xlr.o
uatu)Eut1uo 3u!fltnF Fuol o t
ttute1pIa. auozar., o a

READ]NG

6 Jtxa*teratiott: It rcLpires stdmind and patience lo

tdke cbildrc1| b dn dn gallery (but not re. ly
7 l ln Jetstaterpnt: Ihere are jnorc lha baza s,
tbere arc redl dangels that DlLl.l be e caunteru:l
8 lrcnl: It's not a ptufoun.l ttuth, ]J'sahtnousl
9 hory): Ir'sceftainbi nat a jar talind saneone eLse
tednng he samedre,ss
4sl:oui it's efirunebt
la Drderclatene L:I tlidn't iust h.tre sltgbt daubts, I
utls sutp tbtlt tbe Lco car ubul.ln't saq wU.
9.2 Awareness exercise
This ercrcisc pmclices idcnlifvhg .nd lnte.preting
anbiguny, thxl is scnlcnccswith t\!. possiblemean
lngs. Sometimesthis is done on purpose and somedmes uninienuonally.
llrr drc flrL cxamplc scntenceon the bo.rd and let
LLlcstl cots thlnl<about it. It cen be said aloud rn ts-o
ntlys, which sho$,dre nvo me.lnings.Ask thc slLr
dFn. t. -\ lhe.Fne e- rqo.lif:rF-' \.r\
Agxln, encourage rhem io drirnr ol ex.rmplc's of
ambiguity in Lheirown hnguagc so drcy apprcoalc n
is norjusr drc Erylish lrnguxgc ufhg to bc difflcult
fo. forcign lcxncrs, but e.lcvicc Rhich m.nr lan
guaacshavc jn conmon.
Il Digh bc a goocl i.lca to do this scrcisc in tB1)
separafesessionsiorro sele( trom dre scnrcnccs.If
you rrt' io do too mlLchh one go. dre studeniswill
A^tuen lC1] p 42)
1,
'1 of EurcPeuJ^rlhot )graPhedu)iththe .am
efa. (Pbotosu)erc tlken)
i, A afEunPefe in loLe uith it (to be taken
uith = to be sttunglf atfizcte.l ta s thg)
Kq boftl. 'tttken .
(simil ta the.first ex.tlnPle)
i) I .li.ln't eop it. \Yhy nat? tsecause| .l i.l n't likc it
(fbr sone rcasan I Id it go o! PerhdPsso t
unulLi heJi'isbe.l quickeL )
.t) t t.pp,dt t.t.h.Ja.t t.r t.tiJatll,.j,r
not the rea.on bh-y I sto?pedit. ( t stopped iubr
same at0ef rcasan )
K , ) , 1 - , I b 2 .r ' ^ . " , U , , - t n , , f . r ' t
t
atuelneanilLEl,.
i) It.aul.{ begood.foraf.reigner(i
e hLneJlitthen
in sane uat.
i abtlsidetlng thepetsan isJbreign, sanetb t11!l
!be! .litl u,ar Etite eood pehaps the baf thef
s.lid sonetbine ht lillgli;bt
Ke!uttl: !or'. A.1.1dconnd.ller Eood tt)
gtue neanrtg (i,
t1 i) Tber u.vrcJar'lr b1nu .

f1r

-- -,

iD mey Lere both bittuti altd prcu!

l<e! ootd: P,?xt lhehn ncanbrys cdn be
Llxtineltishe.l in speech ltt tbe.lit\Lane, Lbe
srftss aaul.l be an 'bnrjn .tn.l in the s?.ond
ane. hatb a.lje.tiues oauld cant stress
i) t need nathitq: else,/ haE eleryth hllt I u)alt.
ii) (i.liomatic) 7bat stbe latt nrdb!'thilt|s haL)e
beetl bad enough uf) to no1a,but uhdt l)dsjLlst
hdPPenell L,ahs.htebr the limit.
Ke! uDitl: a . Tbe ttro tnealitt\s c.1n be dinr|
gtished in speech in the second o1p, the raftl
'a uDuld cdnr .t lo! oJ strett.
6 i) (to rca\nuc someane) | r?alb dn a isbt.
ii) lune!1?.toncseD I think / kta nght
Itq uord: rcalu.lgain, in s?eechthercsho d
be no?rcblen inthesecan.lotrc,tbereu auld
pd sebe/btethe rDl.l ted ti.
bea col.,si.lerable
, tbe occtisktla r hadllre erytrrgs.
i .Shetud rdther strangefree elEnings
iii)Sbe h.t.! ereninss nunbets 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, etc olf
(pttt blynorc nonLdl b s.t! alteflnte ).
i) | th h1k high 4i oJ\bu
i, I thitlk oJlau rc1! olen.
KeJ'uar.ls:'thit* a hn of . (Nunber (i, caul.l
ako besaki^s I do thinkaJ)).u an dldLtl tot )
9 i) It| or.let to suttirc I b.d 10dLbi.l beinq sbot
ii) l sutuitE.l hl shaoringsonteone else.
Ke! trcrd: bf . A cannta atfter'Lledth uoul.l
giue mennLng ( ii)
la D Tbeskie^ uthodp berg! u e.l aft ,,lll.li!n
nations bhi.lJ dre etlemies ofl,Ial.larlia .
i, Tbe shieis (d afthert, in eenen, ar<.ber-.
gudrde.l .teaiitst d dck b! alri'Maldaniall
iii) Thea ]Tti tenorist un it itself X nade up o-fne n
beis af an ti Mol.l.tni., ! 1r':ttions

t 1 , Hx.l,'inhi e1oam cb b',l':Jacrnll! redtrce.l

his.onfi.len.e, ordt least,.[diled |Di credseit.
t

,I. J. ,,.1 tha,r.1. h t,. ot:] ., t

bo \ L

o. /

Ke! uor.t.'to' Meanins (ii) uvu ld be cleo if

tbe u:holePhrate inoi.leth ut ? u;e.J.
12 i) Itikednoneafthenl
ii) / .lisliked aneofthent.
Keyoor.!: one IIed i/t! (, uol ld be cledr if
'ar1!'l?place.l r)ne', dn.t meaninll (ii) Loul.l he
cle6r if Liistik .l' )?Pldce.l '.|i.tn t lihe'
1)
I kllotr d peisotl trilh the na,ne olJobn.
ii) | knau) that solnehad-l telephane.Uohn, ar tde.l
to dttr.t.t bk .ntutdan.
ca ed Meaninll lii) bauld be clcdr
Kellnkl:
tba!
uerc
ihn letl alter ktlou '
il

tzl
s.auod rnoqDtltoror!31
sdN
sarsruu aoPeLls- lootsoddoe!-t
(rauu)
Pu
s.tltol]
e,rqs
sanaraq
aq
[tandun)
!51i!rH
sdH'lru.QPq
aqt
pllDls1aputl
.b811
+
stLttul
raul
PUE
111natuuv.
lo
leuql t rorsrlrN.urrd aqt - ruauu$ o3a'tt
Iujo.l'ulu0ans
rD sLl aq: (IZ)uu) /altatWtno[a1./.
(sraquau ParraPI s9Jsuouuotr jo .snoH
stotrnl ltsl1oliqa spo).qs
(laquau paDlpun 0OZI xorddr) sprot lo .snoH
'eluul/
(91euu) taeaflooi
7 tsttrl oqn
nar I.
uaqt puJnts
P@Fullo lPrnq3oqrloPPoH
lia!.iuoi
s! aqs tpqt slulttt liqDqall aq - ( t: t
t alrs jo P6H - qr*uou 3!l
anl), rsuap 1!/tr s.llqlLDraturv saut!|autas,(q
:.ean,Irrtrttod
qsurtr r$ srdol.g lrrtuoutu
at.otlD|at O, 6t snutt),Suttluois
rno.{Jr .uo FqxruEor uraNk llrDlod
al'lutsq clnoJB
r.puu {o 4ittt lolot tt Ltj,l )aq pat(upq alLtLtV.
Jrrqr.rrduor ot ro 's.qx) aqrot urerlxa
s.-{r}unoJ
O9uqnd PDq,1iD ant.!., tou
u;)tllptnor .{rU q)q,r (puoir"u Blmusrdnor8.mo.{
uo. tb.f s:nalfsostDU Lus! f,lsta
s.t
"qpaLu
-fiqo
aqs q.lqn 'uoedllpttu f,l .a r Jb atpul
I) &Enor ireqrot rirltqlsuods.rlo,r.rr, lx)nllodp
\\rrp or u3qr lsr plnor o{ (roult.ttul.p.rn sdnoru
M, sajlari taTDt l!Dt1: v (9a tZ salt]) .t 4.Dl
ruos fup) trrdorsrqrurparsa,rlurel? dno.r8rqr lI
1rLqs 1.tilrtnv u.loJ a! a s..Dtsllt1rl tnaN.
,SLtILt tu
(ttd Ef) sr!llod :lJlnqerorrtdol
t'tLtD!\1o. (a t saulD. Aunuau ltp aallo)
.lo sdn. pLrl\1!a. qlp pa ddr aa ).k4.nntv,
l"relnqtro^
'au.q,l )q1 LK\4
]
iaa! l,juan uDqi a.t.tu anatu lsnu aq Maa lnq
'llaNto stq sap.tlst4t! alDnlas stqt. (l-asa !t)
. .uaqdapt aql uo4 ]a.J tliua'u uDql atu
s^rau -Laaanlsit!1N pt uqDJ lD!|ua.nl oN tstt[
[r14
lDarq a.uts a4u aql D (I auu), $rll'atq
suDiruua.Jpqsaaag?qjrau yrltod/d Wan
iJuuts L D(l n,I. (D ?
auoqlaL\
aqt
{':t
?.uL-.ma
aruuv t.l
ra$lLtlft aq ao I
(l!' d nf) stra.r1rY
'!l cr g:l
llasrr rx3r aql uJrtr
lo .lor aqt rr uorlr|porF rU pp3t or sruapnlslsY
rasir?1,1,
\rrDs {prtrror IJ aqr uo p.sxq
".rl
tr$rp n uo{ rtr.rxa ue sLSr!rot auaq,Jaqt tol.'uu!DA

't.r ttu.L--t
.,"1 !'ntaqutt t4e..'a.1
01tur ot uollDan o sD l1tol! tam lsljDat D :aruuv
q"ttr4 a aD.,. t...b.Dt
ta-.r'
I'..
tt,.t't.
tre u,qf,D
t\.t.da"
Lt,'..
t"t I-tp.
)n,
.uo..,aoA:.tt\,!t-,
oln 'Dttq.o; Lo ' d./:.rrs'uppJrLJiln\
tu-,'
L t f , t , I t r . . p 1 . . . , n ..
.4 tuut
t , 1 1 . . t. 4 : l 1 t . 4 u r 1
atutlv
an&v

a!uuv
u4
trrd laql

r,!l3 ol J.pro u suolrsJnb tlf

D,\sur

ol

p).u ]ou,{ru s.lu3pntsrluos aru!rypu'r r.r}_rur]^i

xr._
rql Jo r^Eq iaqr a.rLrrrrd:r! rnoqx 8uqlqr
.r-t
..
n..,,..nr '.
,.' O,
trt
iloat t.ttl
pq D ua p. D a\I st aq uaqn au, slql 1, ut![
Eln ail at SutnDqp'u! ilulo8 s! aqs t0 auu)
f,ddDq o F IruJ.
. .ltn s,uDlrrlp]aatktD.
rt s.aqs
ia/v tu0!1!111a4
&Lo.aq ttaspad asu.t qatuar$a s! aqs 6Z
au1|) .. aJja s,urrlat4pdD lsntu ! 'afl, loLt u,r,
tu1q.u1
aaswtn dn paf s! a! l1V qtrnl.D lntt trbaitLtD
asnoq t2ql u! aua q.nu aspbti ar su ias
aq tr aqD,tLll ^.tou $n!aq !u\1op tLt^ (r

asr)J3xa ar!])?Jd 6
'.n.^ a4pu situtu9aa qtoq
tI au.4uun
'asristqlu! slnaua.Ld.tos olou la?lJip
oi ltatrtar aq pttu. q.!qr) a|,I!.lx!rd, tI ou
vt tualq.id aw)s aq st stqt ,3u1ft.. :ploo|,bx
fuDqsnq ra.t{at aqs LaLra 'u!b rDfi aqs 4
'tsLti!4o
svm
puDtlstqraII
(1 9I
G8trl
a2 t I Drdpq2 rout ut]t tD ?a\) sail.luqdla
a\ reu aqt qinoqt s31tluDatu ptnsqu D rptt.J
al Lta s!n .31tllooqspln tu!11!n q :sprotrlk)l
istsant,q1 taaqs
puo rlnq ot at.loadraqp .to/ pa asatn Da" .qJ (u
.taq1 SuuooqspLu:)
SutJu q aS.r esanr'.nl pa as'nt\] DaJDaW (1 9I
(t) sutuDatu h[,a.ual
-uas,nJ.auu, .filrsq ( ,nuatDs, :l dn r',;)t
sPntn Jo t.l Ds,t,qJ. (
'Lk^udLupuadsotauu;luaj DspqJ (.t
rl

9Nlovil

F!-".
9.4Exercise
P.rssible nsua s: l.Cll p 11)
1 In a den/).n.)). a denacldtl. ka(ler has t' !:.1
t4li bith thc dg)t.,t.n1.!/ lLreek<tudrcpltsentd
tircs.t )lre h.1stst.!|h) h tedd ho'his ou /| pt1r4:
A eo.d ledtlern,tst belwparc.l t .oisult alhers
and n.t b tale
iltlk r.tl Llectsi.rTs.
ll dtnrac)atic
lea.let rc r.r a/tenhds to !t) abb.llto txpt?sejtt
2 A.1icldlor is tt! unelecte.llea.l. ul1. i,Oases his
ot beI r'.ty ofe.,Lun|ins.]1 \'ptoptt'
:J A ,tniXter I te nllly be.l.k d riiiiist)! alhorEhitt
vrne conntrlesthisbedl is..!lle.l n.tecn:tar) oJ
ttL1te d11d t he )rl ister is bekt h elh nr i n rd, k. I1i
the lltnListrr.tbe Dtin\n4-1nL6tdiscLtss ith hetrhis
\uboit,1.tres .tnn lolicx's ubich arc in |i/te uith
thc gat:erDhtent
s?iot!.tn11ne.nd Ltlia aithin rhe
al ld k'd bu dCeIfi It II h i s I epml n ent
.

. t . . . 1.
t.

Verbcombinations:'up'
Theme:politics(cBp.45)
9.5 Exercise
t. htL6k1!p= t...rn.i t..i s11cl.1<r1e,t.l
tt) bdck r, = tu stffar!lrntillJ
at?hJ\icalb)
to buik! up - to.lerclo?. itlctpdst'
toco"leinp upt ttith fie l.xter tbisisllstkill!
ruLldcnl\..t u neaPe.tedu) = ro ac.,L nise
5 roea uP = t. tnctuase(in itutnber)
| tu setuP = t.enablish
7 ro blou u! - ro Lleshq) bl et.'l.si.)D
S lo brn\ lP: Lault.dte
10t 1d tp as : tu t1ft.h tht!.fi n al pastb n .l
N o l c a l s o ! b r c a l i! p ( r s f d d c n c n d i n g h n ' x s s n d l o
scc d1. brerk up ofthen ru.rlage ): I buikL-uptlr
lfc.exse lle buil.l{,p offt)ops on rhc bo efsrs
\ieNcd \,lih rllfm.)
t
2
.l
1

/p.

b is/her ..nn itu eDt:t,rrhose illtepsrs he/:sbertust

naurcptusent He/.rheuillsit in !.t idmentan.l
.lis.usstbePoli.i.s for ttpJltlLtrc olth? cor!nttt)
Atl,rlt'IrillL.te, ustnll! lD Iitle u"tl) h6patrrs
uish.s on,ett ltltrs.
5 A tuter is aDaiftinair ircnber oJthePublic uNtu
LalesJar sonleanetL,ttp)rs.nt tht r nt pdrlia ne t t
h] Btil.lit! lbePersal uho rc.eircsthe nost /i!t)s
then becorle\'the)l.lPd1t.ldll tlleathettotes cdst
Jat .ther cdnd id.ttt\ .r! dis.drLled A !.tet can
bblt) hi:/betlI?, thdl is.t4 h get sdj.lhille dotp
bf !h?IIP otl a p.tiicul.trxsLlc \ire$dkah.ne
tbe nght tu ptdc:t a bautj)ol il icnI dcti., ts .111.1
on!
tu1t d dahlgtbis Ltto .le)nonnlale.
6,1 ne n t ber.l the of rosili.t 1 is.t,tIr n beI qlPtllidrtent uhosepdtll.P?oses th.: got? uelttal
tbe l.h' Tb. t)p!'osnio,ttne,tbet ill ls dllJ Lde
dgtlidr ant goLemneit rr eas! )esdn.l 1t:illh] i,
.Ln.tltafpassible n) hiing dDur] theeo ?ntndlt b
d i.ec)x.llttlp. thtln iti tLr.:e-les.r'1be rotuts.
j I rcbelCltup kd.lr. ntdl Lt -t Lrellt)r ta.teihtutr
theEaL)<r1)rk11.titds1a!ra.oup. | ).petdrig on
u:betherth.cauPhas th. sLep.fi aftbe.trDre.l
b,,
lar.?s ar n.t. tbe rcbet {:iou, lea.tenvjlilttl
selflreadofthe ounrt
3 1cit)ilse dnt X a torcninent urr*et uhaselob it
is ta cati I attt larcnrrentl).tr..r, ir)?sf.ctnE ol
(bich part)i x in palDer,Lorevnde cit il se,
.unttp )ui.lethercsearchnnd g.ttistics1b.l.1
:Ui nisna' jn isht nee.l.
Current questions: see prge \iii lar suggcs(rns.

Reading
betweenthe lines2
(cBp.a6)
Tlremati. lhlk the \-ea et
Lexi.dIliDk sl^ng ^nl ..lloqu iel English
Yocabula\t: 1'\': \-eert\etr S\ , shng a .olkqujf l
Eiglish
. ic denrfy n.d .1e.p.elnore n/ si c ie! ces.ar.h as
tatior :nd satre iihe hanietrhi ng moE polit.a:
SoDc ol lhc Iofk ]n thls.hrpicf l@ks ai connor.l
tlon.lhel is.cfcfcnc. Lothlngs.ph.es people or n;
pr)gunnncs nhich the q ter rssrt'nesrhe rerdcr
knoss. Connoirilof is Lrsederlorsikll'. plrlicuhd\,
bldre medla,.ndr,-ry olien lof hunor.us cfl((r. [o.
r for.ign ld.nef of ! hnglnge iI p.esenrsr irelcr
cnding clullcnge hon cen -rou possiblykn.n'rll
fie cultul..rlrelc'rcn(cs.
and hdv on vo! eler undei
srim.lihe se se oI hurour of inoLhcr colrm4'-1Y.u
crnl. bul:rI Lcrsr)o! cln lcxm ro fecogniseconl)otxln)n $hcn it i-(use.l. er.l be lble lo sx,vThis must
hr\ sonrestecixlsicniti.xn.e lor (h this crsc)
hiish people: mavbe I can ger soLrFclucs lrom thc
conrexttos,ort olri \'|ar rlre \rirer (ould bc rcfcrhg
.\sk stulcnls Lorexd \\'het to look our tbf, ar.L
theDdo the ft)lloRing erei.ise ros--rher:

lri

puDt8usla aptrtu at:rtu! ranu Sltut.x? tr1?tt

pLt D uo par4 a.!ac!'.tdoddqsuya ,q palsttt
qxnuuas qsluudsLnouqlp o s1utapluas (!
(sjuolStuut qslJrla slatqun tup a) uolsas
(qro.tla a.uD.
4ju,1s ptnp. aq q a.uanJat D) qtunqu!ru (.1
Ltta&!sF) 1tL.l;lulrrnat p 6
,u'tu1nlnpqat8
ulot BLtUtDltSts
,aut1amaql ul aiuDq. a
lasaP e
npoat aqt at urlau4-at1t|puD alnlsqo
a.t liLtDtL'dW1a.n oqn &alstq u.rfauoauos
s4uup .tloqoto h.t nottaraqn do.ts1)
141pfi pDulLu
4..JJb asj1oqua.19 aqt ot ra/ar
0 1 n u n d r l t a l 4 1 0 1 l aa D A u t q 1 t t . q r a u t q |
Iur ll'd auotlt pl 'N ap o.tas aqt la pr9aqtara natl auq :iua1! s1!! sv |jtl'1n.wa.l'ra1un
aqr or Il.Jai oi iuitm p p ,1ntK nol3ut411u
k palk aqt svq.tapoat aqtF) tllaeanianul eqJ
.{rs oj 8u1o1aD nol olouE
I \af. - at au, PnD,pa4xaI aalna^,',I aull
'$at
aqt
lnaq;lnolqr etduoxa raqto Iuttry
',4.4s, pra prat, papl)ost
qsap DqlouD sppD pLltt ,poe\,./b Sulu'aul
trratxl aqi qqm {D!.Jht1.t!n aqi LDqt tng pltts
anDqno[ ]DLlrSutqtaaos at tuaaaor Gquil
D llDppD tsnl?.toq no[ uaq pa.n uolserdta
AJotary bqvt o sl .looq a1. lsnrua. puD uotl
DtouuD. :,(4.aspuD) rooqal Prunq ,e au,
s4)D.1n1t1plrltn' s a]!4sap
lDaq aql sa.at us aq N)4u43 :91-rI saull

(8t d A)) sJarr.rF

lsuonsa8Ffs
J|'qr }loddis or rxar alr'lurc{ $tdu,xta luJos qlr.t)
rnor^rq.q qsrrrg or rq8norq srq raqn:.^\ ,rlr sr:juql
r?q.{ pur i.qrDaa roq aqr rnoqt slaal J.rlr.t rqr aoq
Jo 8ui.oJ DFB ol s.urlt .anp ro o\\r rxf,r )qr pBar
ot tll.qt $r rsnl'asl{r.qro (ilrtaqtrol qo!.qr s.op
r s rxal rqr 8u!^$lloJ e uolrsano w lool rou pnoqs
naqt utJru plnoa srqr) uonuouuor 5qr lllu.pr
or pu? {ro^\.uorl roJ rx.r erp pBar or snlapnrs {sY
tPor
sti rot uoiwtouuor uo toi saflar r s? purrsDpun
or tirrt,{sxr rrx x)u s! ll 066r Jo ratuuns roq {Ipnsnu'l
.qt 'inrnp u.rF^\ sra ,ararez ,qJ .uzE l?lrl .qlaa,\\
aqr ur Surua rstpunrol lj '.rtqA lonpll",l trq rxar strll.
esrfrexa a)ltf,Jd z 0|
(a iulad)
Suuaau uodllit uo.{o uoudy.sap tDllayuo1
Llo. , rfl[ svn rq'noqr an] toqm .Elit iulsjr.rns

,{ oto1puDpat.adxaunst I tno spuois1tlDq1aS 6

(Z
tLlki)
'4qo1dnv tt o!.os aq raeau |a). raprku
tuo
aplnns t,rapnla puo applnslb luaF'D.t.tprthno
qtrpos. lo rsuluo.7u!4.aqs aqrlb asnD.2s 8
(Z tu!a'l)
Dt otpto../b 1a4. .t D satlnhal puD lrodatn anos
aqt aw! saunl Dmaltuat4 puD ut4.ultod uaanpq
dlLrs ouop aqi spa/nrurl aq.L aasar ua1pltq. aql
hlSulssotoqwa aq nn.tt ! s3mq1Sutop uaql
dqs 01sSapnno tatotn plo. Jb slaYnq ,nuq no,\
qJlqtn
(.".ort1uta
atDutlu' p|1r) .pUospatrod :,ptp?ttltutrs
al aiaq ed! uouDls ,AS pLtDt\I 'AN 't[d tuara.
(, PL|D, sl1uod) t 1.J
arlsold\:af, olluapd D sli Ltaas\t rspuoinaq
sr.t uoisat aqt Up1oa,llau \1.Jjnt .qt asnD.aa
( r l1uadry asll:s aluos
aso.J
u1 st ! tDqj uolsslupD luapntat er'4pL4.
qqit oaqp{tq?lnaqp
o
drisr, ^ttiqda[
'qrn: sDj! aast:ru
aqto q8noqJp) lou f,l.pq .I I
e tutotl) Pua lt,ns o a|?1llo
lo pow.lraq Suyq at st .aranoq' ou ans!]aU
( rnpDal aq aslu, ra E.oqs or pauSlsap s! sl,:LL
Dst q.qn
e1op.l auo8 soq pqn ot
tDdB
FDAua.
'a8pnSuouot nbqp. ,nan sae DQtuas lsvt aq t)
9
(q pasatatu! s! Lt11!.ytod, wql od
tttua aqt snqt st puit 'at.n tqlltu atdaad,loa q.!qo1
u'j4lltod D slpl ltqi odaE) lta.Juotut h tlY
at !ul.o.l) (.spnop, :an1.) ;Juusnaral raqloaa
(t. tutod) \ztutu,rSotd u
aqnauos.aut llnns aua a.ral oI I
taroqo oslta1aa,.N
(.aoqD uos'at a?, oN
(a1aqa uasDa. aas)oN ,
aI tLLnd) s4ittut uouDpnb
ut pM aqr rtd ?a'q | ryjnan aq astouaqta 'o^n t
Gnv.4uo. - Z t1tlo.l.) ualssardxa
t9!.tt/ it s!.t4qn .at&s. qutn ,itl,.uoqdrta^,
pul1 - jutqq. lo sa.ad rp ' sQalqa aatcfi isi4
s1!qilm t(llorat paslr st ltan. Irran aq asnoig a
sfloduodprtlr \1lou alad s! ast tqd aq1qulqj
n11n aql i1tq1.1sd33flsl:tts..au a1Dauau nraqn
ea$at totldo1lo .sn ..LL ( [ 1u]o.J) tis alas t! a4p1
oqn a4aad .saq! ro q8nltl o1sl1siuan ollrtn aqJ
.l
,t.,I*oSflPd.."-r'r
nlpr lo p44 aaDs aqt .'ury uaqtn acr01,auan
oi faed.lo sw uou'tn.a.k taluuod, s';tutql
tuouaduti nqpt u1 patLtd.ul 3u1?qs, santatueql
Jo uoluldo
{o 4u!q1Qqqqordlaqt,srtadxa,
q31qtQa. Daaoq at uraast$aop "saqt
nlutn aqJ sal I
\9t o ut ean|suY

esl sxasseuer,$v
l'0|

qEAD]NG

j)

rheJdnt.4 t3ritishE tpt'ealj1d l &u li.ip: t)l

trhich .:e,?hot, lihe Itlli.t,.tn.l the Britishnten
LLtel to oe.t,' knee length hh.tki slloits )
F Gi1:ek?hilosofber ( hosetarksee,N to bare
heen di.rnisseLi 4, tto lesEtie!, tts tbeJtumler
' ',t.t' n,,1 t , .
tttiit iitdttsh!. na.levtittt dn./ beabb, in.li
D ie cartngtorl so"1eu:heftcold,an.ltherc
Jbrc behal)rtEr! a cd.l teplcssedDqnrher
tbajt ,tl.l,bo!.Lht Ilalitn uzl
-t,tt.,t,l,'n,,
b.t
t t'.
thijle, s11ic.i
ki)1.1oJ
lilSlish tueatheriss.)
'able to do sa neans the-))trel? dble to hLn;etlJe
p.111!,itdidn Ltuin
Paftt\rd?h 2: 'lhgiling buc ketsal 11,aterta old
hdies dt tao Etid'tga
Jdtlll
PtlidEiteh 6: . tron tln,tkedbluldbitofdl
4 . 't | t , 1 - .
..[ .. .. .1.
1,"1s|s ''' sl.,1g
PangtaPh 1a: sun)ry ?larLt ctb.Lsh11)ttb
lLtrexsha1ls- g1Lt1tconrtst b tbepta:tukt
lLolns,1tbLsPalttrrulb. u:bi..hat? kryJanndl

Vocabulary
Topicvocabulary:weather(cBp.49)
Des.riptions ofthe Berther.xn be useiul in \1illen
f |.l
an.lto sct thc scenclbr soDicacli.Jn.
,\sh stlrlcnts to \aork thfough dic vocxblrlarybxnk,
and trc prcp.r..l Loson out rn-v conflrsions'
.

lrazelDisr, haze is v--rvol1ena resulrol he.t or

.lusrs'lreiexs .risf is r.esuh ol condensxnon

siiling erc./muggyetc.,dre ibfirer group is chaf

lcterised by ri.less.essnnrexs rhe qualiff ol rhe
lalrerg.oup is lol xrd dxmp

10.4Exercise
'l

he students..D des.dbe $.|at drev snnt 1ndris.

cxcrcisc,but flakc nrc thcl us. thcir vivicllniegnra
rioDsrnd.r \ide rariet) oI dre wcnthcr vocebularyl
e.g.lot tio.z: |heLind Lshauling thtuLtEhrhe trces,
and the chancte ts stalt)P ther'feet i the n1x cbillol
the niqLrtiir A n ^1 h6s riseltot)etthe lake
Current questions: s.c pagc viii for suggesiions

Thq don t behdl)elike this htomdl4'rhef .dn t

pla,1hed,:lIor olttdooret:ents,tbey.lon t char
toeach othernta Latintr4l, d lthe!denl
ltsudlu e.lt a tside in th! eLvtTin1t; thef.lan t
Nu.tlb.he\s in bisht shafts
a) etagselirkrl: the t rhd heat of |ondan line
23: ferraryi.on"; elry U the lable .1n.1the u nkl
st.ifts1rh|stlingu? |he tft,lsef lpq li|tes6169
A

\. /

.,.

,/

,t .

... .t., ,.1 . .. !. .. .t tt..].

,.hJ1.,..,

t..].t.1

h.t..!.t.t,

1ti\

oLLsllharcn I se|Lta tlre cbLnbne.. - seelbe

?nblei sj ertione,:lt1rtbe rErtltuesl 11p n.
ispto2tLss ltl?s 72 73 Oheduthor it uu,itins
thered.lerlo la Ch trith him at tbe tdthu'
p.tthetic anerqt at ilthtlik itt Btitdill

10.3Summary
exercise
c) Blitaill gaesYediLerltnea . ThissenteDce
Ailes
the.leelin{l.)J
chdngenotJLLtt the u\.atherh|| l,
the laal of behalns as n etl, and t .ltso rejec ts the
st-lleel the afticle.

tL

Special
vocabulary:
slang
andcolloquial
(cBp.so)
English
'l'he

te{i ,.1,or s.rrm?/ used sonreslang('qlrid. fiog.

Jleece. etc ) xs xn elte.rne coni.astro ihe rno.e forSlansls somcthnrgrhrr c.rn chrnge \ery quickly ln
x limguage.and irs L'seis.rbtioosly nor.rlwx)rsappropr'iare lr belongsfn$ rnd foremostin speech1n.l is
usuxllrleryrivid and hLn.

10.5Exercise
I to cost d bomb = to be Lery ex?e siLP
2 la be rippe':l oll : to beJh1d I tci.l l! c heaIe.l
:) to beLptigbt-to be netuoushr, i|tsarne cases,

I not gitp d daun about = ttot cdre dboul

t hdssle = Lnrk or t rcuble
6 tbe rti]td bog':les= it s almast nnpossiblek)
b htlssle= h l,eepon at s one, tope.steror ltdE
.tIItke: d ?iece ofpurc luck or.h6nce
git)eit dlrhd = t)t it
lL) /Js:|A:sa t = to eue\:, unrl? ol1. de.l ce

sPU.nlllssrdr.
t)ur Fuit!,{ ilruru.s :$o.{ )ArnFu..l
(!6.11]r)
oo,rruolu 3u,ru)sJd r pux suDr.,rx3 {r1rar(hal!
'iuA-..ntdar
t!u.l.r
'suor]]nlsuriur^rjt :ljo.{ .t.niu.]
.16 d !n) suonxu.tdxt suonJorrsul6 i.nln[)
3u$s
:)]o,{ )But8!'rl
{xJdur) puir t!L!rs!.ru
(19.1A:)) $ax.] 8 jaxha{:l
satd(da 8!r!t
pui nulrd l,lDuinbrs tro{ )Fdr8ulll
(t8 d 8t) srqr.)d\- : r.r.l* l
slonrd. trxrcs.d B!'
si:nl\: pur td'r,r].Dds :llo tr )a.lll]ur-l
(6r d {]')) uorur.lolssi]src 9 r.rd'xll
nrrurSr.
p..i!rlr:q n-udoi..\.Pruor\ -r8'nF!'r1
P
(z/ d !l:)) uob_snrsro(
stst"rtuotrpur saru.J.IrP lio.\ aE! ntur'I
lll, o 111)Iruos'.] t
iutppr fur s.'rDrttu'rstpo { .Br8!.'t
(r9.1 I]]) nrrrraqro.llqr-G?xnrtt radEql
lrllrsr
+ aru'rrB.ddr/,uorss.rdu,,rirosajlEfSuEl
als .1$t) e^!drDs.(r Z Fdrql
s.s'lrp u.rF_
'$ruor pur s.Iut.unr aFo.r J8rn3u.t
(t< d !t-.))'nuut\
| r'r&:q:)
:slr?tuorloqras aqL

'ssxl.aqr rs.i elp or nid Frel

lo
lLr\ .{rqr qiq.r uoutr.s Dqr uo {iorsnb !oc_urq.r.l
r!()i.,rLl)rd or urqr Isr r. 1rs$rq) 6trr iotur
oertosru.I\rrs n'a!) )tquJssrDrbqr u.rt,r slrttr
arlrro rs.r.Ltr qrL\ sSuluIJri:qr.rx(ts or Prlj{llnl iq
ir.rtIrr.!t.ro rirllorrriP r
iPasnsr
r.r Prf .qr qr!\
tu.
r, ,!!n{ nlo $o.\\ iSurlsrr4u pug lJql r.L! IrPlnq'rtro!
ro (P.urtiapur u.aq iPxirtDsxqrrqr ajl.nn_ur].qllou
r\) )Frn6uplDrlas or u.rlr:lse rDr noi tri.t.qrjo
or dn.,$ q)r.
)rfrtJ!) vdraS rdjlo !ojiirr!)r!.r
Is.pu.s.ln( l Pus orlr sIr.P .Jqrrprlrrl sru.Pn]s
.qr I r,.$r.nlrrFotqFnoqr i.)uo rDr t.pou ,qr p'il (q
(1111..J
a!tsad].'
...
. , a , 1- t
srtar a3 3u1rtu1Dre.hJ t.t\11D1.lldprb'4r, .

th) s.r)qr1 p1Pallol uaq|,1s].puD sau\auas.l.t\ .

ualtu.ur ltttl:1
s|)alot t 1.q|t, P..L&^11D
a]at.nrq Lr q.lqm
.1u1t..11h
aaqt ). t r] ]lnaxt' f]),\ rt)^ dtaliq .
s.rt nrr t(l
h.ue^ r qrllr r.!!.tor (siiooqrr.qr l! 8rlitooJnulr,a\
uarsltsrlaPnrt Pnot! uorrrsodurort:Poru.rl) pr:r (.
:ePnltru salrlrqissod r.r tro
SutpDat ao/:4 a?tl /b ualssn.ip

aun@ auu n'uu.ryal] .

tulpDtu atahq eapt urnFu,tuoIttt.l
.
Lfat aq1 uh.4 stu.tl
.
tD.txtt aqtJa atuDs.'uu..odb.ut t(lo1sD.lftu
euatt /"LDlnqD.ar la uou.Iltud
.
:.nr suoDs.Stns r!.r ad JrlJ

isod s. rl)ror sx prtx^uou pux pa toaursru.pnrs.ql

riii o! rapio u apprr.r, sortsrStns .gJ u.rorrrcI
to ruo ro Frdnl-r lqtoor ui Psr s' Ltr'lt,{ po!!.i!
roa P.xx 1 .q ,\[u suoursooiuotrI.poiu 3q] or qniN
rr<a.r)slolsaEAns u pEal aqr 9 T $rtdqtr uI
tuur.{ u.\.r IraLIru.rrpor.i or alqr.. ot p.ru s'tu.p
nF_qrrq,\ ( rt) Fn)l r FulL.a rrn)unt,r turuas
md .i()rc.Sut rt satlrsr!:riL|p eqr p s.tdurrr.
Au,iq Io pux Yl
.rnrJus rrJJadsroJs.prpl
ir.
'
. r t..,L-.-rrj
l.o{-,rB
pu.Irrpur u, {u:1.t.!d \\et ri,r^ .(t flnoqs .r.qr rr.J
sr irxrt turi!:il.rduDi Fr'rD5r ro1,)rc sqorrb-odruotr
t.Poiu .qI arq)purJ nu;,trlJor.tpood r iq .I.trl
cq)E srrn]r atlrs r u u.Ii.L{ alr po, iburDrlord rol
't..
. ., ,^ t.t
.,.
rt tP
i
".
(tttot\ uools..luo2 ) s]taft Sur tzBIa snbr,
puouou't url )1pot)do ldtou l0qtnuastulLt .
'4ror$
ai DnBu ol ) suLbl t D.,1t. l u tt. !Jir"4sla erlrDrd
.
| ,!ia,\\ *aJ - atolrlord.JD
aratt rratlu.o ubp,at q|^n) uoutlt.hb. lapau'
.
:UDNrc] SArC]ELIJ
AqJ,
,

.q{
i
.r| rr Pir.o.rD

rsrl.soqr
,-l,r 3.1 .J
Jr. n_uqurs.p s.lors 8unl.r

!' r n.(!qt P)t o.r )q olP.u t(nt ()p s:tdeqr.qI

uor:-!:]qirduor
on
r"l.
tri. rJ
pur IIrIs a.\!trEur qr.ar or sruolr.s sil! to unP,)qJ
uo|Iporr!l

inEt hLrPdtents harc abriousb been re\' 1LDlte.1

rb, ,,t t ,4 btt a,. ,,- da

Narrative1cep.sry

,L

\ , .,. ,

t ., .n

V41y\v'lrslbeqriier rclirctxntlo lcrvc lhe hospilal 1r

rlre end of her./his shift? 4r"., usesbe/he tu6s troried

Tlrematic link: heal.Jl

vutdtJular. \ 'r il, \' .

,- rl'

Do I'ou rhink the nitcrclilovs hethis iob?

I Stu defis abr ia u sl! baLe th,?,-., t! it d |tt u e6 Jii t his
(OLhc.quesdonsfial you miljht s'ant to.sh could

Text work
lihet flxkes a s rry ndtienb_v one siudentbeiter
Llun a story e riltcn bl.nothct
r srucruraLrccun.y
. sornething intere ting ro s.r_v
. varied locxbuhry and i.Liom
. a feehns ofmovenent or progressionin dre

does d1ecomposillon nDs*errhe qlrestion?

is therc a mi\turc ofx.rion .1ndteelings?
bcadng in mind ih.lrlhis is srpposed io fcprcscnl
the kind ofanslvcr, \ ery good ioreign lexmcr coulf
vrite. whet vocabulary/irLioDis ihe.e i'hich 'lifir the

Language
work: linl<ersand movers
.
.
.
.

to pl?ctseway5ofmovfE a sloryfo!wards.
to pl?ciseclalsesofconimsrconcession.
to showhow 10get deasioranandve.
to focusatienlon on the begnn nesandendings
ofa

L l Exercise
t
2

lllicit t'rcnrthe studentss-het makes a good ne.ntlve.

,l nJ...
r.J',.(I'
In
.ulinb '
pairs.ro p.edict re !e.bs md fieir conre-,llscon'
cerned $ifi d.tol?.r thai mightbe perlonncd by a
nurse indre c.,urseol a working day in2 hospihl.
(You nu) choosc Lonnrodu.c thc t.xt usnig one of
the othefpfe terl prcceduresas lreniioned nr the
Intfo.lLrclionto this sectiod.)Ask lbfslrggestio.s lron

ttu,asanu.lftet. (di11uchnorc drd dti. D.ltaf

sdrrlg'Afd- I b.kl doneX, I tlitl Y)
Mdke srrc stLtdentskbh.forientell.es th6l cantain
both thePnst?ertct and rlrepastsnllplenl one
d ) As saan &t I b.tLl rcparte.l F)t dut.l, t uent
b) B! the time he hd.lrtnished.IhnelL,Iuds
c) It )asanU d/letI h.td cdlme.ltbeni doun Lha!I
uas.tble to . . (Ltsedb shorthat ane a.titrl
l)dd.tuite .le.trh,.finished belorc thc othe'

Readrhe texr rogerher.sludenrsl;Lk'ngir in turns ro

3
rlr"
\:.!-'I
nprFl'Fn! q_r'u..
S
thc rcadhg ofat thc cDdl
e g. Wl13r does fie wrlie. fin.l ir difliculr nor to .lo?
lnot roget erLotiondllyinl.lwtllrith the?atients)
Does dre trdrer considerDr Srcphensro bc a g.,od
l,actar! (J)es.nt som. rals - he s R1! skiu buLhe Lt
not teryEood uitb cbildftrl ar,tloesbe rcdlisethe
ellectbe has on thePdtients)
r.,. .i!Ir'r
\ . l,...lr nu. .l.JL,
lcagucsdu.ing rhc coffcc bt.tk? (the.ttrynat to tatk
aboLtttuarkbut tbe.yu!& r.endupLloulge)
vtrr erp.ession in pnngrxph i meansf.r ralk.lbour
yo[ j.b:! (t tdtkshaP)
vlat dowe kno$'abour the litrle bo_v,\lark. rnd his
V{ents? (tbat he h^r been Nry ill bLtt is nalL,recow

a)
D
d
d
b)
c)

aofiiast: tr u)^t anly after l hdd closed the

.loor behinLl n|e that I rcalisr.d htf kq's ret?
Pat's
stillonthe kitcbe, t.tble irxh'AllerI leJft
houseI u)dlhed.laurt to thepub
As t dde )nf Dal. .
an rlr u,.1! b.tck
valkingQ.ts,
lot the nert thrcehor^ . .
The resl aJ tbe manlin!: p.tsse.l . .
l:-otthe rcna tu i ns thfte bauts ..

beJare
bns
1.2Exercise
StLidcntslcll crch ofie. hos'the_l-spent]rsrcdny,
using the tnne andnovemert llnking phmsestrom
Ahematllely thei coul.l rhiik rboui the acibns of
x pdsoner,oran unemployed peNon. or x temous
poliiicxl pcrson, orindeed an,voneelse,in odcf 1lr
r.Nelhe lxrget langlragc.

I t-i

""-'-

aaururE\a ue ssardut ptno-\ lu\r,taqr oP rrlt,jN

tuots
r s.I'xu
snrrpnrs
JrIr
tpq,{
tsril
l)oo8
Isp
'sJ]u.tu)s rsrt pur tsrrJ
lroqrl
ipqnr,rr?d {uqr or puc suoursodunr a^,rx!xu tol
s[aPrra'l or srlrepnisdlaq ot s, uoDas s,rllJo ur" aqt.
)JOl\^ UOrltSOdLr.rOC

's\11D1slqo.1o1'
'sv aq q3 ltt|laad
u atq.'.| eq lb atds u I
Lalq qtutLatal
111t, tlsttn dqscrSnaqtu
ipaLLtDrulpDatp sDa
aqs lDqt pDJ aqt at!4sap
ol ruuh qtaar
t.ttpl? aqs qSnaqt uana ulq ilulu
1n na .!q lo .uts Ltl
uaeadlsltl
ttrar o 8ut.q at.Isap
'q1tp:nD arpq
lusaaP
aq qStrcqtuar.

ol PaztSDaqs

s.llqsuou9t,u
r t t * d 1 1 . . qt 4d o | a t , a ,u ' q t h t t . l F t a J - t t
.t/"Itt!..l.
. . ! \ . _ 1 - i 4 a 1 iq t l J 1 - f : . t
(Duatua txeu.qt aas u.tr)^usuo) stqt ralD
arpafpo uD as11ol anssad rou st r .tn]jqs st.ct s"
qrtq\, lbs louun tu),\ '|bs auLDa no!Ll9qa ttpa
st qnqti '..D1uls aq1Io kD.l puo.as ?c( uo s1s
'uq.Iutasr1dlt p o,q;tt1oqtlo.a4lr4roit slt ena,)
'uoea4
atq
Da4
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' r uA at
( ,l,qt PDf?c\L P D Lulott 1r:7ul
- + :saratruls aatqj 'lq pana o[aq un pLtDtkla
-a'uoeLaiq past ar. (Jo. ou axrol!) a|d\ap. pkD
Iaards ur. tt.l'Iult: p.\n et, [aqt 11q',qE aqla,
up.tt t.t.'tan atou apq D snLuD. qlnoql uarq..)
j tiflapas
sDrlralqgnap1laql
M\
patrDo:rlLarid atu. rt
Fqt:analagFa6at
lnlaaqI
tLDpnTs u)a
al lau LtouurrrlLkatap
t n.
ar..i@p 'tt LrNl.utojnaqt Wit at pu prDq t} pu{ a1\ 6

nd jou.un.JD I Drl1
puFu st aq qSnaq|D
sarDal
aq atDt.noq.onDn ot
'e
aq.tanaDqn
atq
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'ilu1op
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atuu
uo
s.nLLv \t o4paH
( puDLlaa{D uaql
UunB upql JaLtlDr'a.ualuasq.Da qq,nuntnal'
saou.t uL\ q.t qtn stbPn ts ttat 01tuoo t tcDLur1o.\/ .
'lln.lltrp
'qo!f,u pat1,btLl? q.|q{ t3
1!pLunfr
r
qolru! pa4U ttts | |jt11rt./!p su o-o,! (.1
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;san sD/tt|lnq1
p?4!1r
1!
1fl.1Jtr0 G
b-upq ! a1ldsapqa! t* p,4!tr (P
lnllip

t1tD,n1 uptp aqstFn j,FEna'?141raua Pa4ram.qs a

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rt..
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t
r
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4
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t
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,
t .t7n.-ul; _
( PtuDs aqt aLl
Ltaqa aoqn rDqa -obq ru.
lrot tp\-4r,. .q1
DJlr alt saqDu n. t4 pa.Dr.bl aq un q.tp atnl
)nr$.tDlluts D ap4s, ! sa)uatltasats oq'aqt.)
rda.., o1
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t p,t . fn4 I t .D.d4' q r '!^.4 :t;14n:\
tulq Lpot
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, r n / d . \ . 4 . . 4 1. ' t r . . t r y 5 - s / .arD
l,aql
'at.Ioadut ^aq aqt tna Suuq a! stuaasaH
,
'ertI;tlt
intuqfl

a;luDq. q ALoE rou uJ 'ipu

",.,1.o.C -,.'C'nt
|

"t

ta.tnll

t tl

4n.4

lp vTtn! toqi pplaLtt.h a!./sM.lottu paEr r e

rprlrarp sonr q8l nqt Lot)aqo[ tiu pat r (.q
11ra411r 'qat qD!!!ip 11s'n 11qsnoqlv o
a
tLtotn.tl rn rFl.toqt QaQ ., o?p! paaS
D stlontD s,i] laal no[iuap*1o. noryaxru oN
+1@tjnd q8n.\tqt 4ra.!. .a DaP]
p..3 D st:Dtnrps 4 laaltu,C uapllua. raranaH
r
(tt d E'J)$alrsrF

add"qanaiDq^-

t-L't.t
t

lttt t"

,tt'dt
u)

tl

r:H

(rt d s)) sra suo anrssod

as'rr3xl t l
s1a.llDqlt sauu
tuDu ilo4iinw
laltns \Duoalut 8ul
-aa:qrn ada. al afp aqtqtDatnDu J nou4 r I orDd
sLnuualuI paa3r no at16ap
'fi)qs
ryu arrou prliLt it pul n'ntl a,A , Dt]..l
au tulqn.4Itp lrs stt! 'pat4onut{ Duououa
oa! D;' .4 1ou tq;lnpt arp an1-nu

asr)r3xl t I
( at'J\zp Ol
Iotl r'ltwa D ul pasnstPUD1.tlLoLL
DPltp 1tna
.r.l art\\tssod tt tt 1pamotlott Dturau s!.11orotr,)

9Ntl

rn.iiirE

I rtp.I

(t! d sl) sJar?Jrr

'm aqtu ua^r8al.ir!x$ .qr q:tnoqt
lorss.rlotr pur rsurlorlo x.p' .L! arnpo$r

uorssef,uor PUPlsPJluo) :)Jo,1 aSEnSuE-l

!M

I
(Suggestions:
sLfuclumleccunrcy,variety of ro.ablr
larv nn.:lldiom, clex. o{anisa&)n of thoughts,somerlring intercstugto sry, relelance, clea. handwrltug.
Then ask ttie studentst() r.ad lh.ough dre Hjrtls
Getting ideas for compositions
lli /. qrl,Frr | ,.\u' ..,nph-ul.1,,,,. -n,n
:lctilit) wtich stu.lcntscould use rs i ivayolgeting
i.le$ tor their stdics.
V/rltc drc drle oflfe compositun in Exxmple 1 (CB
p.5t on thc boa.d and rlren add the suds who'
\tat? where?when?why? hor?
'll
'
l r. LFI
erJ,l..\|Ibooks s'hlchshows hon'inese questionsnighl trc
rnsE ed as a s ay of gcrling dreir brains s'orking on
thc gilc'n title.'l'herc ls a secon.lcxanplc oI this lechnique on CB p.tO.
Now ask rhe studenlsto follow the sanc procc
.lurc $,i rhe tiiles given in dic cxcrcisc.The pojnrto
'''1
..p.,r i..,t, i
(r""
rl ",1",
imaginationsgo idces cm ahvaysbe reje.ted latef.
Orgarisalion of compositions
In terns oforganiserion,a nxrxiive .onposibn hrs
irs oan nalural sequenceofelents and is not usually
! problcn in krns ofo'dering. One thing, howcvcr,
that is wofth e phasisingis thc significanceoIli.st
rn.l last senrences mistakcsnl Lhcscscnlencesreallrseen to lcalc r lastingnegefiie nnp.cssbn ln !
Usc Lhc tirles d13rlhe students Blrkc.l with in drelr
'geiting i.lcas'session,xnd ask them io $rilc first and
last sentcnccsfor erch one. lt seemsobtious. bur r
fust scrtcncc should drxs the readerinlo thc srory
xmt thcrcfbrc should be inlerestiqt (and !(cumrel)
Soflc lcry genenl suggesnons:
- It ues a hotseptemberd.l! Ltrel,.. (orsomething
else about the vexthcr)
! ri J
ll'.tu l.h tt.la.'prlat, "r.r /
"
rhe middle ofthe slory.rnd dren going hack to thc
Tredness orcruJhelne.! hirr. aor some .,nrer emo
'St.t/td Ltpstl.tight an l n. talkrngl Or somc olher
piccc of .li!i:cl speech)

.-^mh^.iri^n

rirla<

Ask studenlsto choosc n litle |ont CB p.56 rnd wite

a full cornposiii(n ofabour 300-350sords tbf ho.re

a4

Vocabulary
health(CBp.56)
Topicvocabulary:
Lookthiough thc vocnbulxrybrnk rogelhcrwilh thc
st!.lcnls, or alternalvel.vesk iliem Lodo dris lbr
hoflc$,ork. Make surc that any ncw wods can be
uscd ln context,.nd not jusLpassivelyulderstoo.J

1.5Exercise
Possible aBuers (CB 1,.41)
otre aI ttte?assible c& isesof bedd dise^'e i' a Ji'ttl
.liet lbo mu.h far is bdd Iar tbc heafi. PeaPleuith d
bicb
heaft p'lbleD1 s1Lle4tan ?ains in tuen'.h5t,
o.fd nild he.1t
can sonetin es be dn ,kli.atktl
dttack Fat en? People.sulEej! mq) be r|e.ess.try,
hercas for othds a cbdnge tu liJbst e is necessary
thar nee.l 10rcduce tbar sttl.tstleteLt, antl pttbably
Sone kinds aJ nosqutoes cItry na land and lou can
'Ihe sr nPtomt a p .t biSh
be it Lfectedif thqt bite tau.
Jder an.l perio^ aIshiLellry h can beprcrente.l i[
J)outukc ndl.tnd tdblets.1|bichdon't h.r:e.1ry'siLle
ell.fts S.metimesn.tldria is lrdftl ta getn.Jof t's
. 1. . . . . . l l t . , L t t , l n , - . ) , .. , . a t . \ r o t l : .
|]thtentu, ar Jq* Lrdrbus lahi.h fau cLttchube11
I ttr,.

dt\'rrttd-dtt

t,,u.a,l.l.i .t\.

a1^t;.,

h.t"e d cokl, coltgb or lte th rcd|, and haP a temPer

The ben tbing k)
atllre. It see ls ro L\: wr! itti.tb6.
do is to go to fu d rtti l it fdsses .ton eleople, especid J)
older Peaf)le, b.ne a 'ILt rdcci't'ltion ilr or.ler tu sa!)
the rints dttd.kin:< tben .
I .lan t knou abdt cdusesdPpetTdicilt, bltt salnehou)
the appendir becanes infecte.l dn.l re\, inlaneLt
Yau et/lbtlrc1n se!)crePaiN Ltlld the us al treatlnent
isro barca a,erat kr1 to ren ore il.

1.6Exercise
su,geryt sytnpta s; eramine.l; .liagnase..t |rcdte.1at
cu,?d; a elgic to: sLl),e\ sde e|fectst presc/i?Ii.'t:
chech up; i'un.loun
Current questions: seepxgc viii 1brsuggesiions.

'up'
Verbcombinations: (2) (cBp.54
1.7Exercise
Do fie mxrchingpafl of this e)rer.iseEith the class,
olhcrwise nreynilljlrst bc guessing.soineot the stu

lR

.LL1a
uD.lDq qt!]1
Sul\atslt flua y ac!trqt ,uqa.J..U ai64 s2t43aH I
t-tDtl bLrllJ.Lt1'u!a./Jb Ltol$adul .q saltb aqs 9
alit lan2.Lpt uatatl /b t.(
3u!a3 tty,a 'lDuraLt D q aqs saruD.Dad.Iollo oJ t
'a.Dds
alr
iH,
hlt:trotsljrDtDtlID inoflt1,n aqr,t.tspuDtsLta4io
1b1'
s! t! 1q3!1110
aH,
aqt./bauu trqm.!auDtuau ttlh?q1'lran sl.uads
eaqlo 7uldtaq s,lo!u. oqot
'LbfladpauDnq'ruan ti?ti D a':tot\.oa.J,1Daqs
?
tat.lotdaxD s:asuatpa|Jad ltasatd PUDtuasar(t
'asDar.utl,tDt's slq ttrtlD
t:'naq61t!\,aq a.tCtLt
smaupaot atns pauD.ar isn!\Dq aq.trs, s4oalaH t
( rrdF uttr Lto,\:3 rF
utrtJopu't.qtio satdwxxr r '.rojraqr tuNoL
loJ rqJ plrru.ur.^rq slusPNsrql lrrlt rtdo.d.ql r
tt p.uq.r sorortd.qr uo pu.d.p IIA sra,\sui aqf)
6t I rrJ) sratnsltD pa$2;l;lns
Laolaq
sr.a{rr prrs.ftuns JU ur s.uo aqr atdexraroJ)
.s1 o1u'rllr rol prro.l .r| uo sr^rr..rpxJo uorDrLrsf
dtr.rn,\ 1la,r 8r'qrc^\ pu .n $orpurStx!' ."aqrJI
'.sDjrx. nuroq r.qnr '.q
ll'N1':s1.{
Fqrc '._uoqdlrsip n.qr rltt )IqLsnl sx.^qx!r8tutl
sPrq or sruapnls:q]Iry ')sDr.xr srqrJoxEo rsrlJ
rgt ur ll?urs.rr s(Lorr.nns(orrqr ur sJruar.JJrp.LLt.

'prlto^ur u.ql
tri or )ls"l ? r(lduns$ rr xri aqr ur pasn enr iaql sx
. . . . . ' r ' . ' q .u t . " . , , t . o .
tou.n: sruipnrs ,rl]r!. 3 a's:st"rqd u-)soqr.qr qld\
suralct.ld uorsurlr.lu()tr ou .r! ar)qr anN :)tttl{
uerPlrqr aa{rr
rtr'{J()srsr$or rtruxJrqr
ri3LFpuxjot.{t] sJJ4r'prD
ur3qr lta.r.stxo{ tU n-urpro.tbtrur'itttJo hot:' I dt
pFq or sdror8 flxus ro snxl u )ro,\ or srl':pnrs tlsrl
pirR'alrDaqr qrr\\ rrJr)ior 'pnoq aqr uo rjolrrsodlUoJ
Fpou a'0 urort (sS.l!tr) sas?.qdp.r]atis iqrnd

)Jo/v\ lxol

{up!. bueD}ord aq}.lo r.ded a3ir,r3!l aLtl

.3,,
."a..:oot'
-o
--o
lnoq:q 1!aLt,\tnlasnoslesr.8!n:uts,q}Jo
rot tJ ,q ler eql 1r1]sPrluor u aq r''Puas.+ aoq plP
suoEserduiaqjsap or pasna8!f:w .Lt1.s Dad 01.
o d, "ppoo8 d, - J P v r" iooiol.

IltrurJ Jo ilnrqr - ,uo. :fA t..l""rl, \L,Urfiqr::i

'ilnuP.J uoudlosrp r:i.aJ
Jo
aJ\ lllr\t.l /.1d...1 :Eutt 311tt tu aqJ

(8sd f) a^!lduf,saC

3srrr3x3t z

lrllee.r
+ uorssaJdu.rl/eluJedd
zJo/"\o8Pn3uel
';ttltu D! s'!qt spulloLtns laqi lua ut
4a .u,nau4utr,aq u!o8]Ja.uo \?s!eq.Iut. S 1Ln,r
.nutY)d s1
;lt11.tioaa pu LtlttSo uarptiq. aqtu! sfuLlq , D-tDd

''(rurl aLua]

aptspapadvaun uD ot ara[] saqputqaqea, t-r.tD.!

'La^\-akhu1
s! 11!lt1irloqt etuaLu
Nr{ut\li1t.|.JJqp
aql salnluuol lLq s|ry)D ooa aqt s2t|tr.si)P z,.tr.I
'anuuuor ot t4n?J aqt satnltl tli.lt ))Ltal
uastswtDsot/ lx?lua., uI,lltLtpJ.. s:rn.JI D.t17,1
:8u()p sr qclxfr"ttd qrr. rrq^\
'Jr 'p.strrrBro v rxJr.qr Nort nr itool or arrudoddx rI
prtrJ osl. tqltm no.{ uo,ttsoduror .qr Full)pr i.}\,irots . .Ieu or s:sPrqd
Iuls.L! Psn srrl .sI. .uo.uos aoq aasor pa$.
raru,:q ltr.\ snrrpn|_rqt 5looq.qr ur uo,r,sodlUor
'riJols:rl
Jo
t.pou ert:Jutplr.r or sauor r! Gq^!
suorsra^n;]ll] JoJrtqrss).l sEs.Lnor8Iurur sp:{\'

ritaEour
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4tt Pa tlo

. .I1t Lt.i1F
' qn s4ratn
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' d11paryld

y
1
9

.
S
,
t'
.
z

.a - dn 4!an.,
'qL: atptllut!1s/dapaap
.lols o1: d .rLi ol
4aaq D u .'qLs rof qx]Da. oi = dn ,q\s 4oot ol
LL.Da!
at -dlt4.t.I01
tuaaul ot - .Jn a4Du 01
selrn. oj = dn utlo oj
[qqaq au 0 Lu,.q ar = d]t a4qor
lhlat .a =.1n naq a]
(Lt d rD) sonsuv
:.qrnxr rralor .ruos .I.u or
rtqr aq
r ,i.ll] .ijp.TAoq aql Suul:lls,Ertood ,!q
pu. suorreuqruo. qr.^ rurto aruos$orq IIlu stu.t

8 IIe rcrf o|len shikespeaPleos beingeasil! httated

4' tbasetho arc lessnltellieentthan hinseu
9 ontbefllAce, sheappedrcto bed biLo[ajoker,
but in.f.lct sber,1kesthingsrery seia slt.
la AtJti^t si9bthe is d rery opeu.1nd!1etr: r pe6a14
but ahen lau get to knotuhint lou rcalisetbat this
i-rd Petbnndnce bepurson to coEr his basi. sb!
11 In theorybet liJbshouLlbelery cou|bnable,but
in p actice sherurLtaround t1!i1tEto betreu t.)
so mary peopletha! sbeL\tuom oLt nost oJLbe
12 LIe isn t a,tsdere as he laakt
13 She bohs tirc.j, bLt.lct alllsheseent b be able t.)
keepgaing/bt langer tbdn anJDne else.
14 He seens h be exdct U the safi .t ?et-son-lau coL .l
irnEi e bauinE at d cbse|iien.t, but ,|Jact he
has drei1,me n stredhtu hin.

Givc tlis for homcwork il class time is lirnited.

been cancelled.What if Lhcrc\ras a sLrddcnincldcnl

oulside an emergencylanding, fi.e engines,etc.?

ee,,,PUJL'u"

studentssbould now bc rce.ly to Lacklcn full lcngth

.omposition ofabouL 300-350words, $hichis prcbably besi given as homcwork.

people(cBp.6t)
Topicvocabulary:
Ash Lhcstudcntsro work on dlis eriercisetogether.
Point out rhat thcy a.c n,rl necessailt, looking Ib.
biack and whilc opposi|es,bur posiriveand negative
aspccrsol a chilrxoe.istic.
,.lfs,e/s (CB p.61)

Composition
work

cautntLe

Ask rhe studentsto.ea.lthftNgh the Hlnts. Ask them

ro relatepoint 1 to the model compositjon s-h2t
exmples can ihcy givc fton Lhcnodcl composidon
thal illirshaicfie sLrggested
categorles.
e.g. physic: descripiion x nll m3n. siandsve{-

e.^y gong
ellelgenc
enteftdiltinq
eu?n tdrpered
.Ieible
seneraus
apen min.le.J
ecidbte
tact/itl

clumcierisdcs- relaxed,fiiendly, generous,etc.

place rhe rnessin the house
scenehctllity hls way of\axlking. thc cvidcncc ln
die house of thcir busy lifc
ihlosphere - w.imr andFlcoming, etc.
nnpression evcrylhing sccnN $,ondcdul but...
thc cffcct on }our senses - rorhhg panicularly in fiis

vhen the studenis a.e 'naking notes for the coln

position ddesxnd $rcrking on the categoriesmen
doned in point I, en.olrnge them to think along
unusuelfuneryectedLinesoccasnmally e A. Title I
'Descdbetlie sceneh a b!sy eiryon.lcpa.turc
Ii would br noiLrl ro d1inh abour thc comings .rnd
Soingsofxllrhe people, the slightly chaoticxi.. pcf
hrps the anxiouslooks otsome passenge.s.But now
drinl aboLltsornethingunexpectedin the scene hos
,o'r,r'
..rd're,r
i n p \ p ^ R l c i - \ , F t ' r, l
one .orner ilierc r small group of mcn arc shoutug
ar each othef (*-h)'?), of en alniost p2rty type atmos
phere due io the lact drat allthe flights drat day have

f,.-.:-

L'L'rr

red.Less,hnpeluaus
fague
uphgbt
tazf
dLt , bating
maoclf, ittcbJ)
stubbom, ob:titTdtc
nrcan, setfisb
ntntb
nntled
sry
ta.tless
cool, resen)ed

2.4Exercise
'1he

poem lry Na.linc SLairis included io show that

what one nomxlly cxtegrdscsas r negadveat.ibute
r. r.l, r
.nl-.pFn )-,e!".-f..i.
vc$r. Ir is inlereslingtbr the siudenLsto notice that
r,e..e-r.d,
e, nd )."
rh,..
.1.

+ reckless,da,ans, ahentulou'
si !, opetlantuded
rcspansible, cautiaus, ?luLient, a.lult, sehsihle,

2.5Exercise
SocielsLrcngtlband weaknesses,ir s-illbe necessary
to discussrhe meaningsof some oflhese words and
^'..rldIF'i _'
pl,rJ--q rl he.,u.e,.
g.oup or pairacliviry. Ore point tor dlscussionis

r!
:{orrs.38ns Jol sr..\sur aL! qrlr srrou .)rl ..s
dtar{,,rljos plra. pa:u.{clu s.ru.ruas lua^.S .su.s
sDJeu'tqt,{c.\,{utr u' siru.N.s iqr qsrurJsrurPfr\
s s r J l a x 3I e
's:r'lrtl
-rlllrsturssa xi )surud or uoDrurrolursn rsfl uotl
Foduor tapolu rqr u auo aqr p'n] :snoq papr rle\r
.rL
. rrlr"b
)J\rr ' ' l"(
., )u r"

'arrorp r.qr ssan'l or II

lpr sru.pf':ls riqro
iqf rl qlrd ar"ooss? urtr riaqr rrrql :ultr x .)"ut prr?
suoq"ur{uor qia^ aqlJo .uo Jsooqr ol lu.Pnrr_t )sY
", tt,. d"

f,",,J"

uo w) qsolds'
. Lla sv4

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ltt

JDro

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slulodSulPP
PUE
:)lJoi e8enBu-l
seDlJellursSutsseJdxe
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'''
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ot
rr.qt
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isat't,
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qlp :s)u.Fjatd PUI srlll ss.r.Ixa qrq,\ r{.1rqr ut
seseqd Itrrotrtppx tnlisn Jrqro.{u. rno )lrtd or slu.p
pPolu a$peu
nrs rqr {se lrrllaBol uorrrsodruotr
, x rq pl'ro,{ asnoq slr!lo
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ut r8nor ,!rlru.:) qrrT Irr^tq p,Ij ut st ,pluo^!.l'ruotl
lpuo..ql tur$t irc j.qr rxqr .l1raql'srrnNq ItD
a.ls pur s.Irtrotd &otq'llq '.tIrs uorrisodntoqr Su
iluqr'sasnoq I'r.ttrra\r l o.p.7rstlur"l ol slurpnls
.qt Iss uousoduor t.pou! aqlltrqPt.r roJaa
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's.r{!r
Jo aS!n3u,?t .qr to srtdiulx. sPq qrq{ (6t1 .l
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()
t

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l)tuDSonlaxa lduotL! p ad. a1- ua no qsol.Is o]
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aq 018qt,s/auo,snttsl!01at=E.ttslrl!a,sLto4oq al
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u rslu t rlLa[ Dld .a = tlo puadap/1ia1/]uno al
a Ltuu, ot = uo o1/.itt. 01
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tarofu1 nr ;lq] s/.tm s WDtb-t ot = uo LnnP 4oal q
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uoLfuuor esl\rrqp iasllaxa rlll u parLlSrlq8q
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sru.pnrs ,.umssr, ro ,^ol.]rua.uDru slx.luo. reqro
ur osln u|r rr lnq'.Sul1]rJurosor iirBn ro l.lartr". uxirli
or p.sn sr .uo :ryr. 'Jlclultlr Jol .snDxa srql q snur
-uP)u et.lDlllllr.^tq suo'rtuquror ruos rtqr esI?.J
'suou&rquor qFr ql1^\
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urqr dpq or,irtloLlrlp n.sn or 'luro8:)rPsruaPrusJl

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f)
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3, _d.-o b -..do.
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'8uloi uotssnrslprql ].b ol aoq ol sr suoll

-s.atns rol rll,\ r;nd.3S ra1dqrsErJo aStn'luNlpuri
iJ.tnqEro^ al]]lo.uos Surre^nrtJo su"alu r sc slror
sanb s(rotssntrsrp.{ arll .sn :suoDsen b tuaJJnl
dnor8 ar! lo i..tut.ur r ItoLDJo s.ss;u
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it.rxFru"d (6-. d sl) uotss.rduttPUxrruijnrd.lt
lo.tdiSu?t rqr.m or sruapnN.ql JSRnoiu!
l.,t.ssitrauJr rrrc1 .{Lu.sn'"tol rlqc,lnoqe
l..J .{aq}op .\\oH ssaq \ n sEparlrssPlrrq pl'ror
,treluor :)tr. LrrBrurxt!ot )lqt, saualJosauJosu rqr
I.4 I?u i.qJ srss.tDlt.a pur sqrBurrls,r. rtqa
Jo uoursxo:J.rD aql qrlt ).rat sru.pnls.ql r.qlaqa

i--"ytl

Posribte antuers (CB p.65)

1 Both the el.lei| an,:l th.! rcryt.)bLtng neeLllooking
2'lhe neu |ar L\siotilar b tbe o1.lone ht Iha| it
?enatites tbose ut o can tean al/b,tl it. ( n reJa's k)
nr
, l at th ai h th ".Ednl. la. t,af ttr
. t r . 1 \ ! 0 4 t H r i a t . .h a p \ , t . , r t , a , , , 1 1 . . R t . .
comnall: tbe latlguaSt) hlok tbePunchntiolt)
1 Itt comnol| uiLb mdnf atber traLlitn tuli1t.l11s
lnes, codl minine bas sL(fere.l .t sererc decline
rcce tU (these tM) cl.t sescan be M."6e.l)
5 Neitber Frdnce nor Gern1.n4)h.ls .t nlonarch as its
(.1s"1sl1Ltr turb x coiect berc, dhhoush it| spee.h
it is calt ntun nol-a.ldls to hear thephn al Lefi
6 Just ^r the horse u.t-r o'rce LLre.l.forereryda! ttu ]t s
pon, so toda! thc caf is takenJit gfa]1ted

('fbii is d dilficult .onst,u.tittl to L6e an.l needt

ptu.tice, belarc stu.tents get 'the.feel' ofit.) Far.fur
thd ?r6ctice, a-tkeuLlen^ tofr?i,tb thefolouing
JNt as in someAliican tnba u)men drc ksd ed
.^ the sttunlter paftnel sa irl tbe Un ited States
b.Jdf ... (man! uanen drc seenat tbedonitnnt
.h$t as the uod processor is nau) cansidelpd t:1n
euerydar piece o[of.lice equipnent, so... (the L, eo
telePlJoneuill he d t I essentialPmr oJof|ice W m

7 i)o9s,Iike cdts,arcPoPutar?etsi]lmdnf couu

tnes. (again. n.rice thepunctuation)
8 In d.l.lition lo beine quich, the pld eX rcedded
^r being the safest metha.l oftr.ul\pott.
9 AfartJion baL)ij1ga boate tu Mailte aarlo, she
alta had an aPatment itl,Vi,xini
1A Besidesbeing d co)$ta ntl! aBildble saurce oJ
?oueL saldr enew is coLtidere.l to he safe\lor tlJe
11 Besi.lestour bnth

.'--

Llsing Snnilafiries'phuses, thc studcnlss,illmakc

dreir o\\'n senrenceshere descnbingthen housesor
llats.e.g.IIy bedroom is simjlarto my sisiels ir that
rher both overlook ihe gerden.

3.3 Exercise
Possibte
A suer (aE,p.65)
Aptul.lran beinErcry nodem. tbetbree-bedraaine.l
ba^e X sitLtdled
nedrthelotuncentrc.
In d.ldition ro rhelLti .len, l bet x .rko d patio [or
t?ldrinll ar e.ltir1aoutsi.lean.
a . , ; , t - b - t 4 LL , L ' . h p h t h , a . L " t ' q " p t j J

3.4Exercise
Thc wding part of dris cxerciseis prob.rblybest
given rs homes.rk. Hoveve., the cooipxring pal1
c.lnbe done in class.Ask studentsio passrcundtheir
p.lllgl?phs so nrar everyonein the classhas an
opportuni$to rced at leastone othcr. ^s thcy are
rexding. thcy canwdlc down any similariticsdnr
they find.

Compositionworl<andcompositiontides
.^sk studcrls |o rerd rlnough dre Hints.
.,"
'3,r,1 'll), jorn,ing.n
ltoLn
rioDs.The ritlesof rhe .onpositions in this section are
xlso goodsubjectsfortelking about before.Nlake
sure,both in spexkingand in wliting, that studenrs
h'1. prlrir ill ., !,' -.,.on\.rF\t nrr,o_
lfdre wdtien work that comcs from this cxcr'.rscrs
oia reasonxblestandard,wlry not lct stu.lcnlsreacl
erch other'scompositions,if tircy \ranl to?Gcnerxlly
speaking,stlrdents lcarn' a lot fiom rca.Linacech

Vocabulary
Topicvocabulary:homesandhomeless
(cBp.66)

, aho elseknatuslaur tele

12 lt t much saferfor d chilti to f)laJt in his or hd o1,n

back garden Morcore4 it is easi Jbr thc Par?rt ta
keepan ere onthi us
( Morcarcl rckls to the uhole olhefi,s! sentence,
nol itst to thegar.len. tt it quite a bedry'uor.l
aul is noflna t onu used in untun Fnglish (or in
Polricians soeeches!)

F,

3.2Exercise

As a quick intrrxllrctidi to Lhls2.c. ofvocabulary, ?sk

' r u , r pr . r e . l e r l r l f , u 1 , . , r a f s l ' r , | . )
live. Then look ai the voceLrulxrybank and work
through it with the grcup.
'l
he e:ercise that follows uscsthc vocrbuletl
,\ r",r 'pl\ \'.ur" l
!ron ) rl,F. l !

-,,, : > _ - - : , , r

,/

,ry a r

r.,3
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, I
q .os.Elaa4oe.laq1
ttwg
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'tsDaraqllto
nrt sD plunq u.DqlDqfit bunl1tl aq!ut rlp \t 1I
' o' oa.
L "6'.4
j,,..1u.,.
't
t \' at /^ '\"'
'a11141r.1.tbt:)
'

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ol'

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.t !1

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l
tt

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t

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,
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j.I, ..

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J.
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uat
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! erloadaqf L
tuDlu ltt$ra. aqltuo4 tuarallip sl raua!.ttaqJ 7
'qt1tusaq1PLt'
31qa,r niaeu :"-

lsErluol
pErd 01.
sa3sardx.q]qM a3EnSueles
ple aruara+rP
arlau;dx3-ro slLrPalslorlrco uMos/p^ ar-]}
sP3lqnslnoqE a ,,nsIrJniEUe !r 31ir/( 01.
an o^u 1?1.11

(69 d.d)) sn

suDalqtssod

urtv

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?oour !1o1 pu'r raqrt..( .q] lt l
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't \1iN.^
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f,)leuosrad

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)loiJus ut al = alLt1 4aa1 01 a
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.1 = u1 .cal ot 9

ptxr s] 11uaqtrt Pu'tsLtpun

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a.ods aqt .bl a[F -1. az$ JqELtaql aq o1: anl! !l/ a1 a
3q1\ Drslttat = 4 6q's) 111dotI

(19d 8l) sra'err

es!)rexl9 [

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rus ')qr s.ryu
Iipour stru ()1Lr^PA I s1l
g).rl ur P.\^aStinssrrr\r uorrrpa lo loqlau' rql

{19d gll sauroq:eLuot_

,o]u!/ul,:suollEurquolqJeA
lsuousaF8nsioJ rrr,\r5'd aas)
,{irtfl(llrro^ ldol .qr Jo aurosJrE^rrrt ol soDsafb
tualnr .qr Jo uoFsnrsrP3sn:suollsenb luaJJn)
jtspaq zI
,nalqSun.l II
)BD7uatu:s\'puoq Ol
sutnls 6
sQr q saql a
sunlsn ntnu lttloqs I
adDuo) !)
Pa!.|aa I
nulsnoq|.yPtsqns ,
ptaltnltl :lLtltua) t
panr bs a
asnoq pa.D.ual t
(99 d ql) sradsz!'

lJo^\ 1xel

:lltl

1 1 Contrdry b pa?ul.tr helief, nolThdnes dre trot

simplr illterested in making,nonq).

t2 The re9 .ont^ns gftatlf rith the e^t.

I3 '!he best is bilu er appasetlto the e6-rt,u.)hichLr
me norlh it indLlstrial oheleds the s.uth X aEn-

ldiom/metaphor:nature/weather1cap.zo;
4.3Exercise
Ask siu.lcnts(o covcr dre detu1ilionsatihe end ot i[e
dcrcise, if you welt fiemtoEo.k our$en own deil
nirions ftonr conrexi

4.2Exercise

utTlihe/as op?osedlo/iit contran tu

1onl ake hedry ue'ttber ., s thg = to make s'thg

norc dilicttlL th']n il rea J is
grease.l liqbrn lr: Qrece.led b! the uard like):
ertreneUqui.hU
a lot ofhot air = d ht afLorLls but rritb notn ch
un lerthe Edther= lo|bel (a bit) unaell
d breatb o[[tesh air = rcfresbittq
sarc it.tt'a niry da! = keep it|ar atnther time
Lhen it might be needed

7 ilL cantrast ta/unlike

9 In .antrclst rollnstea.l of
(A lot of this languagcis uscd in the text,,lre.lb, .J
lark or an au? inRe^.1lnA Chxptef 2, Exercise 2.3 on
CB p.8.Il mlybe usetulto referto, aftertle rexi hxs
been stuldiedloriis orlginal purpose.)

Descriptive
verbs:liquids(cBp.7l)
4.4Exercise
Ansuets (.CIl p.7 1)
1 dnf)Ping

Compositionwork andcompositiontitles
Ask srudenti ro read drough the Hints. You mighi
flnd iI .rpptuprirG lbr the students io look back io L\e
nnnlel compositiona sec how il is composcd,i c.
stal thc functiodpufpose ofcach paregmphis, and
thc $?y onc pangmph js llnhed to thc ncxt:
Pdt'd.2:thert^tse te ce issliEbtb'contrdry to tbe
inlmducliofl
pa.r . t:t.u th. n\ttp.ltt\,h.ttvh,-ttt.!,.
l
ousPaftlst aD.
Para.1: litst sentence cbanges the nood fro"1 Posnbe
Pard.5: links tbe negatire af theprerious pardgr.lph
ta tbepositire oJlbiso e.
'S/hcn
$,orking or rrying ro wrile avoidilg roo tnnny
'I construcdons.ir is rvonh poi irlgoutrothestu!
.1enLsthat t]T most cormnor y uscd impcrsonal pro
noun in Ellglishis you. One' is used as a sl'bjectol
an object in fbmaladling.
Ask the srudents to write a tull composiiion on one
of dre ddes given. The last of the ihree dlles also pro
vi.les an oppofunlty for stlrdents to use 'chancter
vocabulary'and wolrld be good.e\isbn if they have
alreadysludied W.itnrg Chapief 2.

Fof stucleDtsb gcr Lhc full picturc of drese ve.bs. you

ma,vs?nt to rcomncnd ihey use nn EngLishEnglish
dictlonary. The followhg arc suggesdons lbr ihe mosi
conmon s'ays of using iliem (which h somc cass
indude difereff meaningsofthe !$s), bgethe.
wirh some melrphorical uses.h may not be approp.i
xte ro in!.oduce all the va.iations itnilldcp.ndon
the appetiteof tlie groupl
lllake sure the students kror thc sigdficancc of
ransilive and intmnsitiveusc of vcrbs.
to dilr (1ts1tdl4)intmns) = ta/h , or letftl , in rl,aps
aJ liquid (uater dnps aur of a tap, bload dtlps frcm a
.finger): also use.tJar tbe abje.t tbat x inl)obed in tbe
actia (JDur nose dips bbm yalt bdte a cohl, lbe tap
to paur (intrans./trtlns ) = b Jqaa quic{!, like a
iqt'ia rc tlad u'aIa a't'a,'. r
"

l-l'

]
rdor .tqpssnrstp.{ux p.p.eu sI i)rr'rd

Fq}"! lI
!r ,rJ <

'
l'P!t11)a:1tI qx'n "" I
'.Latr,nqr,tt utnttt D.tirds oi a1p.t1.t.ru I t1l1rrto]

a uau ai naI uaqn auipdtu Dq.,ir.ds at.)ptl1btl /i)

asr)raxfz 9
sdt'p tlL1llts
l. e.t pDaids ot = ( ! u DtI ,q1t'11s,) ,01.tdso1
lUOUlnSJ
paf,uElqe Surdola^aP:)Uo/v\e8enguel

'.':'.

11t

'
'1
I"
t
.
"
talrPLt.dLtt
'dq\"ae..1s
,tiDur.1d fo auh.aq $q .]a
u . 4 q . 4 s n ! 1 t tp a t 4 a r l t s t L u o t u q . n L t ta a t : , l u o d

I arurht.tol
otl addttt Dt s'|t-tplb ee1aqr 1!auD.t|sut|')
, h u a u S r l r u ! q l i n a p a ta i o t t u , 1 | t a u l
lin!, qtn) op ot ss.4st uods loLto^-\-4iakf:t D.tL1d
IitlqD qSnuLtl
tlli slrtods:Z t1l'd
p.D a! arlDl.nl,ttl|oluoilo
a;(tip D srnoq I e s.1t[P uL3ut41D]1:ttou
'o.rsnt|l.) plrot, tlJ.lsiqdun asltllaqta 1tou]
Ip.l eqt 'ulsn Jb ID)t , eit]ksrls! t.!o.h I a.M<j
1?!ot.toduus.rl iqn ot sD a,J-.7r)
sW aiddsi,s ptlt s.l.auu.. lit'ut.n/ sartl
u, ptI Dtd s'q uads.
)i Lau uti j1!or.Lodl!t1
uadsral a. u.1ahr prpatslq p s.r13 atott.1ry.jtt11I
'.u,.!tr un:l:tl.ql sxo.idns nx{t
.IduBxa ro uotltlsnlli 1ur \luu.pr ol oslr urluIs'l
or Int.$r :q nFm rr qdtrFrJid q.pa lo .ur')rll,]Urc.l
urpur.qr .\Juurtt or pilst.rr slll.pnls.rl.l.
esD.raxf I 5
,lloos ur s.nurlr
o:Jt st..i s \ ll\oq uorl
aL0p.snrD sxLtrrql\. .U
ru.Jautpro or rxtr|ursrrods sI siB\ ttrl'$ uI ,srurd
puP sroleD:ds'sl.uo6_s.Jonlpui rn.rtuar
r)tr-ll]cl
allt'-Ido..l ru.r)llrp {.t]]a.{.hrrods sr \\oH .;rtod,
op..{ op,irtt\ ri suous.rtb lsr pu. !r Burpxar
ar.,Jiq Lio$"..odruo.I)pour aqrto :llo rlt nuFr Iulql

)poM txal
pe;ra
p!!
5u
ssadxa
as,F?-rdoi .
asier
ruauhFli P.r!"
?c p do a^.p 01o.pa.! a:?nai]?.!1 esrrad o1 .
!a4trr\ sLuossnrlp p.]!tPq !,{PMar]l1)tool01.
,r J.

rl.

.lu

..d
.t.ttt'tofiar
'''dJ
-ro
| /ril
. .1.
tutt lttruqlt

(zl d f,)uolssntslC

!,t;,v

(opt,']rd,d aqt & | patlros

q!.stl D at 1r.11oq.1Dt.N
Dutt pl !,.qt LnuDu.toJQtl
. lnlt o\ Lt I lslv lt.ttq\
Lqqt.l.tq*Luqt pa.lr.s utDr aq l.n lta|.1!o s,Eqis
sa4Dupmht D Dqit'osiY a.Ut1q
laqout4Das
ot'j.tt..tD1,saL.taq4Do: stLbdlrtul |oos at) pll1l)
U o u t r t t b M q t a u L .pst a | - I s t l l L Q f n o q u t )4 r o t . t

ct]Pd.as saator /:'l

ad1q Sutd.hqs .q L!311ot
pa.ts,ttb! aq taa4..tti!.qL/ lutnt;t )q]otl.t Pa.k.s
pLt, L1"a1:1n1/ot= | loat, ).has.1
n.n\('d)444t
tarnz rrn aqi lb trto it4.lrt ol ttDt;aqsn.)\.) uro1t4
e tu).a.| ,it.ti.l'-Lau9llua/Lu uaqn aslY tq)lia).ql
at4.rq p4411rti|n.p a!]oad) sarupuD s2t!oh sdna!8
tjDru\ ui .rjt" oF a1o,t )t.l.rad t?q'n :1n.u.rq.JDt,t[
'(l!!p aqt-t.ra
!
l
'''"
11 "
4 ! t
t 1
ol
tura.4st.tql o u1.nol o1= ( ltLutisaul4u1) 414.1.u
aah 4;ttn.Lq]P"{1ry.q5) e\1rtl
.ur/.to atlo trcqit n aq at -n ( sqn!atu \1s.toJ)4..t 17
jiutltt patl.tt atu lts:)lt!!111-tryun1at :la.lt.q44at\
( .ta au,ut)
uD t11ot!rnIlsaipq plLtpdqsD'Das tDEutti.Q lb.1
D) rla.LaD d4 t:tt,ni,Jtols. t.' a|: (\uD.uM) ll.Qal
61an u.D.tto aqt ll11Pad.ll1|
'oslY ra.nDs o n.j!/
.\J ) a.tlt 11ut )uo.s n4nrta'ta ot
-L,l'
t! ,o'1t.'t
QraqsDas.qt dDl sa:1,n voq Dlo als .q! | ul 1t3, sdr l
Dx| 'u.1tautr at13at , q! n
.nprt) asau 411.1..'rl;1.14
Eu!qtattus ts11!l1futr'Il Dt = ( etta/ !rcr t1t1.tdDl a!
(i1aqsn].tt ,t.)1aasa1llat.o!tnH. ) IDr] p,llrr.itdDx.
uD ut ,.otso?i sass.aklxauo\tad D L!.qrl 111.uaq.1ro|,[
A.,n D tuo[\aqe1, Ia adtdDln ]tt. 3u!,1s11.'.!.tDrt)
qeit.l
.rj'Lla.as:Qat',a{ot - ( :unuut Iu}JlLsl1)
l')t. k\D.ns .Dq uo e.u1[
a]up.o rfls aqsi !a&D. )qi .!^n tlD qttls 41t| .W) .D tu
rauuau aqttut4.au4la ttuen so i ttltsll ,nalJ'
oj plLtl)tJD ^ro..!o rbLtot = ( v1r.4i suDattr lllds.l
| 'aDPllD u n.P Pa'o1t.l1t1'.t
tna pat|rc.l
aqI) ttliDaq utlJ.tat 1 .!aqa! s1.ualq.)1t1slq
,H ) .t) '.tuuPa{ pata.! .t 1 uotllo ts iq1.lb tut) pi.r to.I
al.hedaqt.) s..aqLt"uairol ||| qntr a!:lD.t toq.lrk)I/i
(.p'att,n Io ss'lF P eLoauas
.utud'todqajD ukr{Lial.utad Ds aqt oitlt s.|ttulIo)

*nr\'

that hxs pros and cons siLl provjde lt. e g. smoknig,

caf lree cli,vccntfcs,compulsoryreiiremental lhe age
of 50 You could rnakex gam.'ofthc pra(ricc by
ashnrgonc half of rhe classro th'nk ofthe prcs rnd
'
11
r l , h J l Jo , n l , , l-t
$,irh riteir poinri'hich the consh.'e to balancc.<
Possllle ar-r{,e,.s (C B |.lJ )
I Cbil.h?n dt ti tDp cldss leLelmiss out an a lot of
clJiklhaa.l eniolnent, bLtl o tbe other hand the.f
seea hnofthe ub d.
an he one band theitf)aren^ arc 9ftun a.c6ea .,
p shiilEthen, ubile ontheatherhan.l itis haftl tt)
seeholr thef caul.l sLtccee.lif tlJet rlre%elEs
11s t1.1|Ltn1lh oant h eq)loit talent: hou:erer,
ahett thq, e.1n so lucb moneJ it na k tgerseerl,
1 lh(! lcdm b be indepetrlettt rcD, edllr), but the!
arc oJie" $. jl of flae n,!s af theit o|lt 4te.
5 ThecbiLlle unuldn t c.trf)eteso h.t1.liltb4'
diLljt t udnt t.; at the sone time, ir h.ts to be sditl
th6t?t6hing?dt?]1tsdk often behilrtl Lhecbild.
6 F.r sone it is an elli.tdble ex?eiencc. u:he1?aslor
oth.E it.aD n.ttt iro d tlisnsler.

causeand
Language
work: expressing
effect
5.3Exercise
Possible ,.lBuers l.CB p ,-1)
1 t3en.Jahlt salt 1L,.ts
Jbun d to h a rc taken d d rus. .tn.l
.
.
,
o
.ppn.1J" -.,tl
!
,
.
l
2 Asd)es lt ofd pasitiLr..lru!</.st, Ee Jotirs ua.t
stiPPedafhis nleddls.
3 I Ie u^r Jo un.l g u i ltf of ..lti !s t.kn1g ca seEle n t l!,
he uus bdnne.lfhntbespotl forthl"t')\.ar.
1 He ks t lrls Lrarl.l itc o rd becauseoJdtrss an.1
therehre be.ane .t ndl ional enbtrruss ment.
i He becdnle.1,dtio at enbanasslnent becauseaf
br'rryJbu n.l g|ilt-f .J .lru g tdking
6 He lost hi\ rarl.l i?cord obing t.) bx positire dnlg
H ftll+ " r ' |n"i ,...1..',.rt\t .,. ..
beenJbu n.] gu iltt oftdhine Llturs.
( trri.t4 speahiltA Llue to sbauld be .it6che.lto d
tt.t.t.a,Jt" . t . h-,,-.. .. ,,,"".91
L a\,t. hat. .t|r 1. .. . .- l
.1. o.
".
usdse bet'een bu,n8 b dlt.l due ta has alknst
Llisdppeared otnddJs. dtld studmrs neett nar
.oncen thenselrestaa nu.h )
8 IIis Llisgrice led to his.fa .ftun pop lailr.

Compositionwork
itead lhmugh the Hnrls
Ponns l,2 a.d:iare expan.lcd in ihe Cenil]g ideas
xnd orgxnislion sectnns ofLhis chxprcf
Poini:J:xsk the studcmsfor drcrnali\ srys to statex
ponri in e ron personalwrf e g some (peopLe,...
Fhile othc$...: irls olie suggestedthrt .izccod
ing b . (c\pefs, prirre.l .rele.ial. ofgrnisatlons)
Poinr 5: sone .,f le suggesredphuses Lh.Lfollo$
c?n LrearLeckcdes being clichs,hul fo studcnLsr4x)
find skaing a composiriondiffi.uh the,rcxn Lrca
c.g IIxD has ilwxls ..., Sincefic bcglldng ottln)e +
presenrpertecl for man_v_vcars
no\r + prese.r Per
fedi Olerrlre hst .. years+ prcscnrperteci;Inure

Gettingideasfor compositions
l\sk sLudenrsro fo.us on point I ofrlic Ilints - whar
qods h rhe ilrle ar rlre discussablconcs - nrd lhen
l(x)h xLthc iwo exxmpleson CB p 7.1.Then, pul stu!
dents into prirs rnd esk t|em to flnd ihal is dlscuss
rble nr the olhc. tjrlcs.The rechni.tuesused in tlis
exercisecan hc sccn.rs xrlillcirl. blrt the-!are Llselul
xs. inr of gcrtiDgsruderrsto think about lhc tr(lc ol
a compositionxnd qnrai it is rcally lsking lbr.
Sr.qg"s#ors (alts p.7i)
l

whatx d^.ussable,
. ol.l people.lre tto lonserrolued nembe6o/
\a ktleet v/ere the! erc, V,lluetP I/) 1!bt]l
rBrs Dau aDd llelorc?
veLoul.l.t

be a lot htlppier t aercpt1nesha.l

AlloJ ust \vhat about peoplebho barctrdrp ed

becdLreaJthe?lane ubolrauld tLererbaue

i]l tu.ietr
Di.s.6s tbe ro;i-iitseLi
SboLtl.l/hercbeqt1soL,at a ?whdtsotofpea
ple sbolld be se)t to them?Arcthef rbeteta
lut|L\h ar help?
.

the snnkinll afpipes, cigl'5 &nd cip,1rettes

sbould he banned
1-x eLeltuhep? Pttblic t)ld.es? Prtudfe
pl.tcPr2 4 lau .r'h! dlvtPq,rL.lr

Thesubled at di/|it?'1t tines,

t.''

'suorrs:88ns
roj Ir^ :ted aas:suoBsanb
tua.llnC
artua.:suno:4.o4 al
.llDut/ ssav! It
as?]"x" a4q h tl daai at
l o n s u a u tu l u 6
suDtto eataaQns I
Sutq.rD L
anluaquD 9
.l1q*asLods S
rsarsSup :pa{ltDnbslp ,as ,
Du'npua ro Eulaltts :qtnuaas t
aurnta q.tDtu:uqn z
q/!'J I
srainsuY

eslraxl s 5
,0nlu1 ,I
ll ,t
tlq*oszods zr
paotua.ls t t
louolssaJir.! 0 t
duiuutn 6
para.s I
tltDrp I
lDaq 9
sauadlns h suDI 9

u!t111 [

9N

tt ,t dd
aqrh aaosrol sqdtu8
sJ 1rcsuo]1lsadwol

-D|D,Jtuoj.ry)o4ut l.nqs al4tn 01$GprLls 4sD:9 tulod

(aSoiuonp,stp
)o tsDttua) o sa!p.!pu! aqa) lng t DtD.t
-ta.

(aua. 01naq0 | lsotl

'ranatnaH
a lpqt st1'.1p11l)

r'1LtDd

ptuatDs adIrtuDu
'uns p SugDlp ut rlb [an Drsoulo s'l
plu qdw;lttDd snolaLl aqt at Iurt
D slt s1., u.qr, aq1) 'uaq1'ua.1s a orod
(sauntuas aql taua poas
lnoqtt etlu q4qa Lau)ltPol1ut
aq oj 4u1l saslstq{&a)
n !1lopoJ. ' Z }tlDJ
:a.0 uou&).Juo. ppaw aqt uj
sq.lo!3i..t1td uaalnraqsasttqd b sPran4u aqt:,plad
G, duo r 9 as!.pv,t c1!.tansub'aas) stutod
asn :t ltnd
aql uod&8 a1atdtuDra ta uau' 11s14l1
1lods tDuors\ala.d
puoa atDut,Ja sapr aql La?mraq!e-uua. aq1
tundut'u. s:! s;Dsaq uauisodua. lapou aql :Z tulod
(1[oJtlsodtua. pqou aqt &a4
aldurra uD uantSalp sluapnls) soapt r aJ 1s!1:I tutod
'sEnod.qt
Jo
auos ernsn or P:sn sl rroosJo .lo.' aql nloqc uolrF
odu,or Irpou 3qr $urod rqt rr rjoot o1usqr {sY
. J U r . . . - d , . , - , , 3 r . . . . , r o
.?.. , Logu .p.u.r ..' , J!3J, .ru't ...

suortlsoduor jo uopesqueS.rct

uodd'a ,
I
"rlqra.lub.
Paqrlra. z
(91 'l n)) sransuY
srurtqord.{uEar! araql U tltNrpr pu' )urq
furlnq?ro^.qr qiinorql {oot or sru.tnrs >lstuali4
'rrlnrDied ur suods ru.
'!ods
raJlp Jo surrBaq1't[leua8 Ul uodsJo asodnd
ur p.^Io1ui .ldoa.l '$rttd 3uuo.1s t a roj elqrssod
sEspro,\\ iuru sx sdnof uI tuJolsurcrq or srurprus
'rrdor strI o} uoqrnponulJJrq ? sv
)$r plnor no{

eslrraxlt s
(9ldsf) lods:lrelnqero )!doJ

Aelnqerol

r.rdrqr
sqr uls.uo.qrJoIut utorr!]r! 'r Fupalas'uor
rsodruorIInJr rruaor,tp!a].q r\ou plnoqssruaPrrs

sallrtuol:tsodtuo3

(spu1losau!firp ttlMou
qra srnaq tq8utip 8uLlnp (daaF .! 34Ia {.)
sdryn'!./,/jo 4latn eaqro atlqn .hals oqln asaql
p\a papfllo.llrt
up.k LtDd,Ll aaf
s?Ja4s
$4!s qSnatu 4a n 013u!o3 Jb luauarpxa
daaF sraqlo
?qu\ao .
altL!nqt,'.naqot $a|tln ft'alttrq
:s,L'sa.l.laIo lulqJ
'
Pao rrard.Il aq uut;tl)
kn anlauadxa puo uopsln s,atdoadplo/aalrq
taSlpi:auun!
lana uDqt q.laadnoJa iaqetl
s:?.satul uno r1aql
.laprap at uopDa.{ana anpq hqr/lpq D uoqj
raqrDa an.Dlutu 1rswulas a@oadno/rapln
sua's nnutuaua8 uaa ta.t sdlt;l auasard
pr,q Yan ar P'qlDlat atlulJ.p o
ppq/6olr ryomFu ttllut'J/pal.adsa1 dau ,lsvd
ttapos
.
]n slaqluatu par4u raiLlol a ar, al.foadno

lll,^A

!1/R T NC

'off'
Verbcombinations: ( l)
Theme;sport (cBp.78)
5.6Exercise

Copy dre tei and cui it up in chu s ofcomplele

senten.cs,and stichdre chunks on to aoodc. piece
of paper in ille srong orl:ler.l hen cop,vilris neB leat
Do not bcgln cufinrg Lrpihe texl unlil thc nicl.llc.Jt
the sccond parignph. l his givcs thc sft!.len6 1
chrnce to get into thc.liscussion.Begjn (ith the sen
tence lr is quiie corccivrble rhil lh-- polar i.e caPs
n illbegnr ro nelt and tlls ntighr selliesult ni krye
areis ofland benllt flooded. Cur elery sentenceattr
rhar,making a totel of ii chunks lo rhe end ot dre
rexi Nos'read rhe compLelelexl
(Ifyou cennoruse ilre metho.Lnrsgcs|edrbo\e.
askrhe smclentssinplt' lo rcad llLelell xtre.ihe prc

StL ents .rc xsked ro choosethe right phnse b illl ni

cach senrenceThe phrasesarc, ln l'act,.lcfiritions of
n\e \.b combinations bcio\r thc cxcrcise.
l isol1led 0o cut af|)
2 haLe a shafl sleep ia no.l/.1otu'.tt P.iJ)
J gellin!< riLl a[t]a u:ark alJ)
1 becolne uD6e (to so oJn
5 dintuctud ar.lieutue.l tta ptll sbne oll
6 hecoine tessn|te se tu) u:ear o/l')
7 catrcctte.t(ioca af|)
8\e/lthebusftagetot)
9 beqen theirjutmet (b setall)
I o dispkry his talents i ]t a too abl.ious Lq, (to sbou)

work: speculacing
andexpressLanguage
ingpersonalopinions

,'f.fl

6.1 Exercise
(SeeSpe.kng chapref I cB p 1j3 fof othcf $ays of
rnd deg'esoi cefl2nny)
e-{pressingspecul2Lions
look2L rhc underlinedphascs ni dre rnodeLcompositi.lr to sce how dre i.lea oi spcclhLion c.rn be

Discuss+ opinion(cBp.79)
Th em.t ti c lin k, en\ i{ t\t11cn!'nelLtral wodd.
Lencal link: \eat' f lte.
Ierr ei{ploiiationoi earth.
Voc.tbul.h!: )J\:li9l:r & flre: T\': annnel$ orld rnd

Beibre lookinA at Lhccxercise-ask the stu.lcnts1o

contribuie xny orhc. wals ofexpressnu spcculnlion
l1bourthe iulr. thal lhe,vknon'ol rn.l asl<thctrl lo
decide ho! sirong/scaklhe possibiliq ofit is.

']

Possibte ansuers t.CBp.Bl)

drsc$son M,hicha so
to pa.isev/rilng 2 balanced
on the srble.t
srbE{
indudesihe w. ters personzlopinlon
DersonzloDinlon
to lse lhe langlageofspec! alon in wrtlng.

Text work
Look rr thc litle oI ihe mocle1composition!n.l ask
sruclentsio thinli abour hoi,\\e rre eTloi rg the
ex]Ih (ger.oncfetc c{mplcs), whedrer everything
$e do is bxd, s'hethcf sc rrc doing xnydringdifter
eni noB ft)n bcforc, r!hy se exploii ours'orlcl(en.l
are thc rcxsoDsdillerent dependingon the country in
i.liicir )ou live) rnd tinali_vBhetherthc sludcn$ leel
opLinisricor pessimisii.for the eanh'sfulurc

Possibleproccdure:il _vouhale tle oppotuniLy

i.d/or desir. Lhisre{ is agood one ro cut up beforc
1'ougivc ir to (he sILLdentsIr is a chxllengingcrcfcisc
fo. thcm to piece rhe iext togeihef by folLowng L\e
linc ofllic ${iter's argument.
Note : thc te!1 mtry be copied for this purpose o!]I.

la'

1 t.dsersuryler, is likel! lo be usetlnu.lJ ntute

ii$tedda.fthe | .lilional stlle.t operdtutrl
rulelbrtBhsplant oper
2 Il is likeu thdt tbe success
ations L,ill improre.
3 Thereis liltle likelibaodthat peopleblllbe ibleto
.hoosethe se] oJtheir b64).
mere is exery likelihood af people betE able t)
.hoose:bentbe!die.
It ls canceivble that llDS rl.t! be..tre o bortural
I1 is nrcandiuable thdt tlll hrlou, L dbcasesbill
In d prabdbility d neu) ltl'e thl?dknnlE disease
0i cane ta tbelbrcJl-onraf
Heart dise^re md! L?ll bt carne lbe umbo ane
hillet thral Lqhout the u)orld.
mereLrachaDce that the uorli bilrh rdte n1q'
seiouslrdecline
Exprcssingpersonelopintun
1A As lsee it. eurbdnasia albu,s peaple tha drc Lemli
n6llJ) ill to die ith diqnit!

F,

.'-'1

( uouuo ssals| asltloxLloElopr4r )

4;Ju1lluup paD4.qtlainr4.l.4J nqt ipoap sl
palp puu ?alaqnAlqiir .qJ 3 a
,l.Ei1oqaqt 'uwp
'aIDiarD ^tlpoalsun aulqs ot :( su0!11t1)D4.!t/ 01
aj t\itu11ladda.tna[ \ aou asD./4ns eqr rnoq' pl
8vqlauos rD p.xa ol
o nau4 /ta,\ 3 a '(lr.uaqd'tau)
a.r] bq ul qaol a.F aua.ls
arr pnus"J aql tolttq,'uq alaqs uns aw 3a (tg-ta
-1 q3!!
p lno a/8 o1:(tu 4/sttt1lul) aurys 01
lq8yq
)
&tDtl D 1De aqs uaqn satqrDtls
[IaaL aqsinq ssrt. ut ]atnh .q laul aqs I a'(tD.
voq.Irput [rqn pu ' qa41 Qloat s! au aauos uaqm
parErDdst:aq1
tpql aol .s paqs\a.! uaaqpoqsa$vFaqt 3a1tua
ap. aq aasleutt? uDr n 'l
.!Duru|.adsaqtJb
q.ntu as :aulqs Suqlawos uaqnt :( stl,rl L4)aqrr<Js ol
snrq ol tnpnaror qtpl patno6
ao.t ?qf, 3 a '(1,1!t..1.lDtau) tnap. E,n ailt' aq o1
'4ttP aqt ul p.na1ts
Qlqm e anul. oal swn aas
pt11o. an tF ;l a liDrarlr) atufL! Drnoqlltn rltq ttrypDa$
saulqs .n wnq Sulqtauas Mqol :( sLt1r4u1)iLol, o1
anSual slcrltuht:l
lunq pDqdalstH
dtlos pq a.Lf, 3 a '( etp4ut/ sao4 l'rLtott{Drau)
lQar sl Sutqrauk\- uaqtn
8u!1rrnq st
sp sp"l put
taq
|
./j
u ia4'4'f 4,tu4.1
alJ aqL pewD a.!!od aqt arolaq stuauDop aql ttunq
aH 3 a '(ttthtlD atlff,q Sutqiatuas tCartsapnol; uaqn 10
'a4[Lto s! 1ulqnuas uaqn :( tupuu]/suqrr) ualq ar
oLtDdaql ua a.uutLkatad s1qth p.|zz"p tun aqs
'
passatdLt!aq ar
3 a'A'.uaqdaa
14s
tq
, [uDa.t
sass213
ulls.nran 01pa q
I Sltuzzop as sDa t.t;ituns aqJ lta (t9tatv) rD.loal al
3uo1F aa1sr tt \q8yq osst tq;lll aql :( saorr) atzz9p al
'tLtl1lqtlat sLtl
z'l.l ann sala raH - uatutual ssalsl as p.l.toq.laat[
! ua tasunLt poq ! .ottD srnoq aatqt 8ulzotq
\lut sDa;tuln! qrnq.saW 3a (|DtatlDatuo{la 1.4
o ql1n pua Ila sunqnqlanJD:( sllDrtut)azatq ol
'wltt aqlnll laqlnauls auxSar
aq nfpalttq slH 3 a '(1r.11oqd'tatu) na.ts q pu
11o{ap1sul daaq.a lur,n nol qr.tqn uouaua buorrs t1
'u!q ndo.J a$ool aqt u SuuannotLts
,{rt pLD aaaDS!. aqL 3 a (t4rarD alua{o tnoqltn
ltozoF tunq et.tqolSulqtttuD :( suttitn) hptlt rus oj
( tulrtu!) n!t4 aql PDat aq sv h3u1)
'1nyaqdDQu) ra1up aEu
4!n paqvlis?tla qH S a
uouauta Suatis uappns o ssatdla {aq1 uaqrl qs'Ll sali
( su1ir, salb [u ul qloi
tjalDwaatul eDa.l.lDstz
tDq! Lts'{t,u.,Q 3 ? 71D.1?1r)
putl t.luapp s saua. qxlqm tq3!1q;ttrq IUD :qs'Ll.n
( I d t]|J) sramsul, pa:]saS?ns

.rcrsnllr qrrqasaruaturs rrDrrd aru^\ ot slu.p

rus aElnlo.ur pur sqF^ aqrJo s.sn lrJuoqdrFur
pu! Ia'.rlt q1oqssnrsr(I lI.{ s! .^ll'trroqdr].rr PJsn
rq uxtr sprod asiLtrto luuu lrrtr p.pr rqr r)npornrl
mot; OI
amlq b
pams I
Pl"s I
.tannous 9
aulqs I
1?4.!tl '
alzzDp t
i4 'd 7
qsDll r
(18 d nf) sram,l'
'uraljr auuap or uaql
{sr pu sqJr^ rI lo Iut
aqr aoq/aslo'lo..J .{art tt s'rurpnrslsv

Jo tunrau

iasn ut qrrttl rq IIL{ su.rl tutl'rqttror

Jo dnof sqr ua$'3,!rlti.l sn a^ertptnod srsriuJDs
ruos sr ltprdri sx d uurrd or sanrmuotrqux. .qr JI

as!)rexlz 9
(rgdsf) aJUpuetq8!l :sqra,re,rpdl.l3sa6

ras eq u?r uouJsodruorlInJ

. '.{llmC norls sr aluil JI 'Iro,$auoq s? m^IH rq urqr
pl'ior s$o[o] qrlq^\ IJoN u.lrrd :rlJ mo rFLJr
ueqrr.qro se.plreaq ur) $u.pnrs rnl os (pasn.q
ot aipn8url .suolutdo l?uosrtd, .rI Jo .uos roJIrru
-n oddo irB a^rBosp pl]loa stqr)rsrrJs.tn .qr ssnl
-slp or .pr poofl r.q rq3ru ll selu prrsaFSfsJqrr?
I'roI u.qr pu sturH:qr qdno{r plar ol sruePntslsY

puel.roruruotltsoduo3
sallDuoBtsoduror
'Lto1l
-{

aua!.s Jo sauu aq! 8uot1J Sutdapnap s! a.L-

rrstnlpaa eDlrrol .D.fit r) rDqruoru]o trut sl 1L I

dsy.lrnsaq!pds flnor"
IqDq'not.[a x?saql asootpar atqDbrlDq 'au oJ. r]
sae.Irn l. uautsti. r oI tp nd
t1atuns.uq.laroqtrataupflon r |ltl9uola.r ar
'a.uat.s

u! qralq.na

oq |hd aiaad'nalnlLolutdo

lDnpaut
rtu uI tt

CN I !,4\

.)r
tascaldtr'dns.) to hutn.ts d ttsu 11o[ hol s|et11n
liLjut! (lteldD. e g )e1!tinrc t turn th? ha! tLLpa I
-lt tl . D '''i
ta slL:edt(i/t/ m1s ): to ?e nf)r-e.far ahatlL"r tt dson (li,
erdl), e e.me hed\rtonLtbe kitchen ntkle her nr.ial
(MctaPhonc.tI 6e 6 less.onlhtolt.)

animal
worldand
Topicvocabulary:
naturalworld
Sru.lenrsffe rsked to telk for onc r nulcilbours.nne
rl" r'1.r.'. rlu|r
r.
Betire Fn ask them ro do so,lrose!e., check th2t
i h e r k n o i ' L h c n i c e n n l g so f d r e s o d s ' l o m x k e t h i s
resk nofe fnn, _volrcould make rules.boul rlre
'spccch rnd turn it lnto a (unfetitivc gxnic il sonteone hesitxtesunduly. rhe ropic rs passedon t()
'lhe
x orhe.silrdent.n4ro (lrcn scts n poinr
te6on
ito is spe.knig *hcn rlre miN'te is tlnishedalso gcls

6.3Exercise
\\.b.lle: u,bdleshdrc been hu1ted.t't'' )'edls a dJar
n lte <:oLt
ntnes.r c. ntnu nties. lihe th.Iitltits, u hdl,tg is t7u dy oflili. HoreLet, p b.lte jlolt.leLtk\e.l
eJlick rL1M!s oJki ingubdtes
neu,.betrerand
"tup kinLlsol trbdlesd1",t ddnq ttt
a d ds a r.sLltsant
.. .-,;.t , ,
t bn uhic h is u:orkijlg t() nd he surc the u'lJtle .loes not
d6dp?edr dn.l olk u ay aJ.l.i ng th is b tu h.tn h t nt i112
Jar d cetlain |il eu hlnacks hale buih lp dgdn!
Sonte coLtnrles, likeJdPdjl .tLt.l /.tl.rn Ll,.b iot .1E1?e
u)rb thL\n enntiaral bdn ot1uNrtling,.t1tdthq d1?
dllareti bcatch dnd k ia.en.tin nLtl1)ber chleat
fot s.ienti]icPut)ases .
Current questions, seeprge \.iiift)r suggcslions.

(naarhac

rr-p - crr

Tbe'uttlc litlk

gnnes/st.lts

lnd social rcsponsihil

Itt, lettersabout pfopose.l spons .onrtlex.

vacdbulary:Ii\I: gtnes t d spolis: VC sith
relne ol socialproblcms.

rit

. t o l o o < a lh o w a s p e e c l r . abne o . ! a n s e da n d t o
.o

pdd

o.q'i

6d'

. to PEci seseqLrendng
pont'
ft is .rdrcr.l slr:nge eacrcisc1oh:rre rc ?/r'rr
spcech:the,vxJe.efter all. spoken.Perhrps the besi
$e-! rc pncise this skillis li-! m.Lirg llre ltrsk oml

Ask studcDrsiI lhe-vhale erer h2.l1o ninkc a speech,

an.l ifso to \!lroin rnd lor whrl pur?osc
Ask srLde.is i-hat rh$ drlnh rnikes x spee.h
rnteresiin!tto llsterllo.
Look ar dre Hnns. Hnrt l lncludcs idcnriing -vour
seli the spcahcr(seethe fi$r senten.esofcach

Compositionworl<
Ilost oldre fomalitics ofspeech maklng xre.on
Lrnrcdir e ftst xtrd hst seirences,so i! is s'orth
spcnding some ime tr.rcLlsingr lc\ !iirialions (li
'
,
ii,.. - F,t,, ll"r'
rl' l
Fliercise7.t rnd the Conrtositbn Tnlcs. bodr on CB
p.8.i.) It md,vbc x g.od idea to brinstorn) sornel.leas
for begjnfings.nd enclingsIlrsl.
'lhe

choicc ol l:rngurge,.rsirlc, uscd in, speech

dependsto srmc cxtenl on rhe xudicncc xld tlte fc]e,.,r').ll
I
r,r i.L-,
t,.whole. honeler. thc f..L (hrl il is a speech,.nd not r
corverstrtnrn,ten.ls to lcrd to.1'n.t tomr.lstylc.
sir.gge.r.?l dzsde,r (CB p.83)
I Llella etiet rboh:. As i eprcscntatip .l tlre stu.letlts .tt
th is ..lle:<e I lloltll like ro rek\r r1e .tll tbe eu
dents.fi1rn MelibrablleEe tu ,'ln!9kl rrho tlt?
Eanig tu he shtdrnlq u:tb lls th is teml as ptttt o[
e haLvutth vento.
tl:teerchangeP^A111D1111e
sa Itna j'. Iu,otnd likt:, on belr4.,l erc11.De het?.
ro uish faLt.l hdPPJ'tern tith tts.
2 Filttofd,I
a n t t s a y a b i g t b d n k - r o t aa . . i r y . D e
this
glrt
Ior
Lel w)linish b) sdrut:<holl bdp?J I harc beenhete
.lbt lbe?an tun.)ut$: I sha atu tl)'srclnenber
thal hns beelt sbaun
the Lrul']..ss an.l a.fj'ecJtu1l
3 .,ood .rcnm!:, l l.lies a d gentlen1en,.n.l r1.ll I stl!
hau)gaa.l it is to s?eso 1Lln.laf.fou hcrc rdTisbt.
AbolE d . / ht:lierc I dm tbe benPe^.n to I eltcsent
..,.- .h
'r
J. '

.t,

,.., . ot. 1
'rcI

,,.t
t

,,'
J,

l u '

L,.
"

nl

l,-r---

8uruur^\ irrorl.)
rnol lo poorllr{I trll or sx r.q rno]i sldarrx
oqa uosiad rtpIq patonb ,Jn8rJ.q] s sppo
rsnrrJq tuDu 8op ro asrort:.spto lI' rsr':t'i
punorS :qr ul ptPr.s BIq Pat.Eru sx.r )ull rjtj,rs
nl r, \ il
rr ( t''ur ,t ,^ . rl| ,..
atrtp? s.sn rxqr iluxS Sullqutt
rariod,{tq?qird,qrP.p qr{.rtp,
rrrlo.iuosro

'm.qr ;u!.qu.u.r
lo aru&l)
r.n..tqrnu x !^'rt r\ r\.qr 'sutiro .lq6_sodrno
tjuDlro.r put Surssrrsp ig rrroq ruotr a^Eq rq8u
suoL\_.rd!aasrqr {utilr.irqr suodsro s.u!3 qrrq,r
stu.pNs aqr !]rN arrd)ads or Surrsrsru aq rqjJru r1
l3 |\x

i]

'sJJU'lu's
aqt olul slllolpr rrJrotr aqr n1.l ol sruePnrsiqr IsY
(kn8 aqi &un[ 01)^la]a'uald
tl,ls
ZL
(rypa |aq1) o 1s1t!o3p.qa|) 1ja4u1!utjauaQxa
lI
aqt aP qqm a4p ot) s4s1 |t,ssa.aLtLlll ;lllqDr " ot
tprpoq anaq' dq a, pral
6
(rym a.Dldaa4ol) q|!n alDPa! dn aq
I
( Dt11-as
rnotl ut 6qi. \) a4Dl
q) MBoiI D aq oi r Suuaprsuor tnoylm ldaxo
,a tlJb ! ; a|m b
. , . F . . . , . . t r . , L tp, . . t . t
(q)lorxs
uoljtoF aj) Slluu!;laq aq!tudlulo,o uDts,
(toaq
au Dsaql u1aq at) Ltoupu^- , tx.tlJip atuDsaql u!
t
(414.q at) qllnpap
z
(uuaJuoaqor) atlauttuolad
r
(!8 .l !l) sJ,,?sr!,
'suossard$ rlrPttlotpr rql qrb
Luaqtq)nrlu urqr puE suoqruuaprqr Ul rnd sNJpnrS

asr)rex3z 1
(t8d gf) suods pue souJEB
:Joqdetaur/urorpl
,1JplnqProA

ssep aqr or rtpxrJ or parpd)rd.q i.rEIu.L! pur

sproa 00 Otr nroq?lo qI.ds x.riAor ua'I {s?
ilroaautoq rc,j
ts pur tll dd trl uo salrllo r8r'Ipr
Druolj rsooqtr urr qurprrs:sallr uoFlsodurol

ualuon Pul1uau qtoqral alqql'nD aq!. u

nnaqs sitku"q asaqt!q!n uos'a ou aq ot flnas alaq1
pu1'adoadsuna'tro! s4laua.tlo:1o! a[k a.]rras,{rDr
'./n uns o.L sqo[pu{oi a4oaduunar
!I11t|roslrdua.
hl1lntgtp s! 1!uaqa atu!1DrDruautloldua aplnod

un IIp anaqv anb.D lou at1uaqto pt o traq!

s !4s aldoadsaq.oat | 's1tfiot uaulppD Lu saxasqtaq
.h adoad sunaI iEault lDstp lb 4rMauuJ D sapta
'!puo3?s uauon pul' u.u
atlt 'as.11to.
Eoq lq
Jb
alrcp aq ptnoqs q uaq! '[u'ssa.a1t n-| rq 'q!!.n uD]s tu
'arN.s,iJrrtim : ; r '.srtr.xaaqr ur sasprqd
3u l)ue.brs .rlt :ilsn rnoqq8r.u rltlp lpr or urqt
'suos'.r iDgr uo papl)ap a^xq ^ru uJrla
tst
rsurpSt.rorol raqlr. .iltu or rut,! rrlSru sru:p
irs )qr rxql snrrodraqro {uru .{lsnouqo .re araql
a4r NI
euo $nl p11 'dldaadJasuos D qtrnuaDBol
a" '
n , Jd tt | 'ut
t'tJ. ao(sr"
' ' t i . t L , . J ' t D . t d t D 4p l , ^ r l"'t t l r ' n
t.
'atutn.b pDa 4 uazl
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o'
'
a
L
!
|
PetDo'ot"J ' tt"'I
1
1
"
^
(
/
d ldt nPatt -!|,tt n I q
:(r\1tt'8o) puotltlo tooqls .'u14t1!! t
at p, o,t t, t u+'.lp"o.'.uof'io(]t"
'!

\I lJ

.' I

ltt
r''t!
11p tDt t! r'"

^(

'u!ryan a.o nnuaq.n sa TtJb

turol?qtu! f,auatuaa,1ot pa1a.ltpasrqtDql
'.

tt,w

itat t

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tL '.1' ua'

,/la tnaaDILLl) qp.l !na,l!

'.p .,\a

tintho.

3 t,t

' o(

aqj ut 3u!n!7 z

sqo!pu( 01a4oa.lsunott1oIu111!
r, 1r'otu"th'.ln' 'rn.rr

il.qr ;lltlop do laqr

a.n.a! iDnlut
'ar1nb.a
uaqn anyp q tuoa! atdaad fLt,ut 3 a
,o, , ta.Jat. na...atljt,stlD!. t/^.d...4 rJ r

4&ad
5t.
't't.ot 'a,dD;ta rj' {x.c "u,Jr,
[tlr ba saxas
I
u't, tu. t
qna o tat't't'
"u
(la rnanoJq )a.ltuas,trDqru iostl|ltuoz t
(.r8\l
vantub og.1sson
f]D)
,uoIo\...rr
-I
. 'r.
J.
1rr'- J
poo8.q plno{rr'atqrl]^? arFr rrcut a^eq noI JI
'sEaprreql dnol' Fqrour Sulllal urqr pu! )Idor auo
uo 8uqro,\ sruapfrs Jo dnol8 airq p!ro. noi 'rroqs
sr.rrDJl slurod .qr..urnbas " ol ur.qr s{st urqr put
.dor t rsurrSe ro roj r.qrra atdurtxa 8!'rrJoddns ! puE
suosrrrnoJJo >lurqlor srLr.pnrssrlsPrslrraxa srLLL
aspJexS I l

salduexa3ur,rB
:1to,r,r
a8enBuel
pueslurodSurruenbas
':-a)u.tu.s tr^PIro rsriJlaqr ur
pasn I.qr rRqrs.seqd rql Jo Iui roj rno )ootol pur
uorrsodruor lopou aqr p1]:r or sru.pnri_aL| )se aoN

t...",',-;_-l

tp nr 8" F rL. i.,,1dr"fr,r. .r D,l

cipxnr hrs ro ger dre bxLlas?y iioln anothef
r,i. ,,I r lr pro,JLr\ loorL.I - e rl-pg I r
'ln thc srne boaf: roq'ing orsxiling. \terc all
perlicipantsa ortinll nr the sameboat harc thc
sane chrnce of slrcccss
'give the g.mc awdl : ! card grme like poker or
bidge nh.c it is csscntill ai yourhce does rot
'keep pa.e wilh: probnbl-vrowing where ir is n--.
essa.!-,whenyou havc got more dren ofe roN,-.
in e boat, dl,r the oa]smenfine rheirsirokes
'ri*e s lhg in
]'orn stdde',niaybe memLhon.un'
ning, when rumers rxke treshment frcni pcoplc
stxndnigat lhc sidc of dle road wiihoui brcaking
iheir stridepairemsior nclng ov.f hur.llcs,where
you don\ change,vourstridepaftem nten you
'J"af rr.- .r.
F
'1" .. r la r h. r., r J
is signeLle.lby a sun beins lired
above boxrl: .rny c.r1<L
SameNhere it is neces
sxry for playcrs ro hokl lhcir ca s clex.lr xbove
rhe table: otheFise thev might bc rccuse.l of
!n fonn':.acnB or any olhc. spo!1whe.esuc'
.ess, or lx.k of it, n plsr pc orannces is Lrse.lto
estimatccurrcff chxnces<

Letters (cBp.87)
Tlrernatic link lifc ll]rd problems of the t0 s.
Iexical link: collecri\es\se.l figurllivcly.
Ie.i.t: letter ot conplaint.
vocabulaty:'lY: l[e in the 90 s: SV:collectives
' to wrile and rcsponoto ietteE.
. oo.4 e t-..o d8-o --r
ng

rSdd-

prd

As siLh spccches,ihe nosi nnfonant thing tor stu

denrsto bear in mlnd is lheiraudience,thar is who
dic), ere sridng ro and fof \yhlli purpose l here al
some srochplmses xnd e\pfessnrnswhich can bc
leaox (pdficularly lbr use in rhe ftst and lasi pem
*:
,
lLJ .r '.n
J'p.'n.l

Ask st!dents Lorea.l Hints

T2kc rhc lollosing hexdnigsan.l. logerhers,ith lhe

group. Lnakea.ouection of uscful plunses\thich crn
be learni b) liea11.alfyou gel a lor ofsuggestions
under one heallng, ,sl<stlrdentsro leam iso or thJcc
wiihi. each group. ihe tollowing suggestbns2rc
gra.led iom hoie forn l ro lessfodnal'. Generally
.!,.
,o \L l._ r
.p | '9.,' ..nfl'-:
phrlrses:inibrmxllettcfs 2rc not usuxlly ditficult tor
sruden6 atihis levei ro wrirc.

Verbcombinations:'with'
(cBp.85)
Theme:socialproblems
7.3Exercise
put jn e detiniiions,then nxlch themvith
Stlr.Lents
the lerb conbinarions.
,1^&e's (cB p E6)
t . . ftceiteLl a d Pacessed (io tled| bith s'ths)
2 . .neeLls(couttl do bith' the anhlforn possible it1
thepresent tense, coul.l hare done uith F)rp.lsl

. .stq)dt tbesal e lerel$(ro keepup rith

... besepantedfran ia Pat uith s'th!l)
neratshear (toput 1tpuitb )
p ntsbnentIar(1o
... esc,tpe
Betau.aI unh s'thu)
(to berrth sbne Pa'ti.Ll
7 .. suppott/,,1pprc1p.,
'
't,,j

Fufiheftot-our lettcr of5rhJanuxry, | ...

(,ery officixlsrvle)
Thankyou fof youletrer ot 5thJanuxry.
llhoxghr I would wrile ro...
You .uv femenbcf ...
I iaDtc.llo rlrire to ..
SorryI hxrcnt becn in rouchlorso lotg
Grerrto hear f.om you/see\rcu again ..

hrapp^tat
behiuing, o?inians)
\at,t,D,.\

: +tt

\.tot.

l.

,:th\

"'',t
1p

L"

'paar. p*,J,t.

vre sorld like io drav you aitentionIo ...

I hare pleasure]n enclosingdcleils ol ...
Enclosedplcnsefind infbrmationabolrt...
I ha'c been i,orkinglstudvinJt ... (followed
by pefsonxl details)

t-t
QrDtn.wL).[tua r'.lawuols aqi q lDltlo SLtutlal
la tlttq. od 't.t1 qDa',lbu taJ .'1,d-l
:uau'pauua.la
fi.xto uo|Dwopl

lDturofu! ?rau 1oI aio saiuauas pLoras aql \|Duat

,tDural adu ral suotlebt$ a1, sa.ualuas N{ aw
(L8 d 1]r) saamsuoatqtssad
'asPr.x. srl! .sntrud ol Fpro
ut (a^o.F r.s) p.trduror rsnl.^pll,{oqr s.sxq.l
to srsltaqlorDl.r ol paau Jlra stuaPnrs
.Isl
qrF roJ prnlrJr Irllr'roJ Jo a.J8 .qr .rol
aiaqr put .q or a!to8 s jarral p'rr Jo ru.rdDJr
aql oi{a.prr.p srl'd ur pur suoq?Ersaqr qSnoqr
oB ot lr]rqt {s! SUur\ r-lrts stuapLrrsaqr eroja8 I

)JOl UOrlrSOdUrOJ

:_a^lasu.qr ssJrdxr sr.tra,{r,{

)q) lx uool or
3uD$Eru tr purJ,iru sruapntsnrq luai.utp.r. r..1
Bdsaau ?Jo rorrpaaqr ot rxlnrlurd ur $. .18uDr,{
Jo suorru.uotr .LtJ par.allotr.q u'rr s.sP.rqd:tutra
jr rl InJ.$ trqr os ipuiJuD.{.qt slurt Smts.Jrtur
Iur ssrlr.rI ot limrq ot urqr IsD Ia 'sarrzrS?tr
's'drds{ru qstFul or ss]r.x.^?rt srurpn$ mo{lI

rw
> (uosrrtr

i?ac orau.nJ st i Iao rlh s.o3),{tar.ruB_srno

(urxprl J'
rrs0ro rSrrr(1 qrra sao8l l11rqqtre3
s:no1
seqsta lsiq qrla
'' qli{IrnIpooS
''
pr"arot
ol
3ul{o.,t
LtJnu
.&.^/i[Er
u,l
''' or sprRt.r IIai
'''
,\rolll
.m r.I prllr uoos rlrr[\
'aoul au Fl or alErs_aqrou
op asBald'strEFpraqlrJ,((rE rnbar noI ptnoqs
r{nbr IrlU noI
uolxurrotut r.rltrnl Iu,{lddns or LIdEq rq Itrqs I
JAUJIT FUlpUg
''' uoitriurlox. rno
Suu"eqro noI urorj Suliraq or prp-droJ)oot r
srllt uo uon.x .IPl
ot ,{rnrqrsuods.r E sxq ltrt.^.Fq
Il8uo.its I
'' rPI:P nrorlti{ aoul rlu trt.s!.Id
:uoitrErcJBuqsli.
'''
or
rlqe.q
tiuo,{
I prrj'i rr.I
''' ,\JJosir.^ ur.I
I
'
,bos
,!a^
0,r
rnoqt
''' nrq p)u)ooqrr aoqpuDrsJrpun t.ulrr
I

''' rcJ asntrx. ou^tours sr eFqr

roj 3s]Sotodt lsnlll ittE.r I
:'lursr8otody
' 'rcJrole s)uEql
''' q)nu aoq rapr ou alnoi
'''
or
nol
Jo pooSruuq,{Ja^ s.\ r1
'''
lpexr
sN,!\/sr
.4lxar
rI
' 'rol q)nor ^.I3,\nor
w?ql
:BuDIuxrtJ
'''
uo
no,{ a.s II,]
''' taaui s,ta'I
or r.,l aq ptnoa 8rle rsi.l )rtl
'uo
r
o
J
r
]
q
.
l
F^[ tD ]
'no{
rol
.ur
,tur tr ''
tu.iur^uor
' pFoqs r.\\
'sr.urr$nrrnr
i)r! u.^rD
Iqqr I
ot nq prpuaurororJr ua.q :^,r
''' nulpu.mo.r
ur uortxrrsaqou a^rq I
pur srx3,{ust.roJrrlrg st{' uA\ou1r^xq I
' or!\
uos!.d ! sr ra)rg q,,[ pu]urlrJo).r ot sr snII
BuFuer'r,uq,\) p/EurrsrtSns/durpuarlruor.u
'''
Noqr.{ddEq
rou.{tpar ur,i
''' roj r^fi ue) no.{
uort"urldxa 1q,\,roul
ot pars.r.rrtr .q pl'roqs I
'''
n
o
l
u
$
^
!
N
rrI
''' or t'1.1a^'rruDrtEou.^xrl
llsLtsI
'' rol 8uiry^\ uerq 8ou.^qI

ts{.u
p"cllEr.lolpisn oq?) rrqr{ts ot turosru,I
rnoq" ulxldtlror lsnu,{ ?ar I
:8urur"t.lu()l)
'''
Pr.r 01
pezrur/prsr.Id/p.gFoq/p.rq8n.P
sE{ r
rol.!ddE ot a]n pl'roa I
''' r! lu3uas!-lerpr rno^ &?s
I
ss.JdF or rll plno,r I ' oqa ruoauos sV
'''
or
rsuods.r
Ul
Surra
ruir
I
I
'rlr3l{ qr6 r.n.l siqrrus rr{ ol .Ju.r.Jar
Jo
{u1\
luJuasrlj.^px 'ren.t 'atrrur ur or Burpuodsan
rtql q lqd uosD.r rqJ
''' rcqr pu?r{)pun
llIA noi.)rnsut I
'" ''
ioj
ue)
sr
r^r8
I uorrw'?ldp dFro:qI
:Fr.r1ul?Idx!
''
.Lu
puas
or
no,{
alll
ptnoel
'''
Jo sirBt.i)
3q plno4I

r^r.rat.^?rllaout

ot p.t$!ru

^{orDI/aapLIau rat ptnoJ LloriJt lruatxl3 3q ptnoqs I

,uoir?uroJurroJ Suqsv

L
intufts:e(1 in|indin! soneu:herc uhi.h is
not t@]'ar.[rarl the citf cent]e. ( letler to a ftn t
j)
I uas l,.ndenlry iJthercu4'.t4 chancett)dt
J,Duc.u1.1pul,ne P Jbt a coupleoJ nightsneat
ueek ulrell I .tm in tuDn
.a1nplaint abou1)t)u cat:
I httLP ttou be.n L.t itn LELlta ueeks lat .ln
,t h.., ., Io ,
.l t
.:p. r.t,oaDn\t.nr.'lhis Llel.!l is /|oLor !bdd n.tnnels
it is dlsa rlbelienhll bad busnEssPta.tice.
(btter ro d edrdge)
There seens ta be sorldhing o,lne u itLJthe
.aL v;as i1 D*ing d |-i!tbt ulre lou 10ere
tLehzgi1l.1st .)eek?
c) a rcason Jof utn n try:
I dLt)ut'iting tuinlbnn!aL!thdt tlslrc1nlut1e
2ath e bill no hnger be lrLlding|iun thts
6drit?ss. (lelter lo crlstone ^ rtbout ch1nlte q
I iusLhdd tou rte 10lelllar r1r gt)o.l neas

J)

1,vashaukl beet ateJi.niJ wu tlultl r.n d us

detdils aJraur.lisca nt schenle.
taLt mentian e1|salnethiltg .lba tBoijlgt.the
SLaLes.
lin .!t-ingto k au narc, sa uvite bdck
imflediLlteh).tndtell me erc11thit78
enck^itlSsanetbrtg:
I encloserry cu11i.ulLu, Lit.te, uhicl) | hap?
tt.b.f t... .,.l,..
t^.,..t.d'...,
t....1"
t . , . \ , , 1 1J : . ,
to Reepas L1saulenlr.
'ndhe dl1d11dngemen]/dPPoiltnenL
I ll'o1tld he drdilable for interL:ieu:d dn.l I hne
.nnrcn ient fot lau ljoh applic.llion lettef )
Ah,

lO,.,,

a.

.,j.

i,n

I knar lrc.tgeed an Uotldat b t sorlt thhrll

b.ls col eu? an.lIcall t naheit. Cauld re
neat the lbllolrh1| Mol\tl'ry ntsteaLt

a?oL8iteJara nlxtake:
ve rca r tutst aPahsise.rI nat letting W

Lrtuu nt dbdnc? aboLtttbe.hanga itl a t

hn tu.lltt san! ahoat not lurning tp lt/'s]ttiqht

I had a k,tt: dtxl rcrJ, .onplicaled Phone cdtl

u.

f.

,...

tlu

...,

t 1tJ

o tdl

'

dres .lepatl ne 1t aJrhe loan cotrl c i1)

I1n a hit uLtied ibaut tllr wdls.tt nert.laar.
11.hdsn I bee bakhg .i all rell ltcdtLr.
dsh/br an ed .r r..Ptl:
\r:e look.la rua ftl 10rccett:tng .Ln edrlr rcPlrrt.
\\rite sodl dn.l t4 le knob u trat s hdppenillg
2

This crercise xsksLrln$ end lasl prrrgrxphs:

rcnind sflrdents to look xl Hinis 1 u.] 2 trelbi e

Passlble a1$uers l.all p.a.-)

DeatM.!d.tn(ar \r'.)
I sau)|aur ndrcft isenet tl Iot a t.tur !!ui.k irtle.stet
.tay's e.1i1i.,1d |-he TinLesand u ou ltl liht h a??l).fol
t hapeyot bi Jind nt.lPPlicdtion ink'rcstiE, an.j
I 1ook.f.''D.t11lb heain I /rotn Ia !
De.1rSij br iLtLldnt )
ve dre a sn dll btsinessspe.i'tlisinginseInrysocks
dnd stuchinasand arc intercs/edtu ttntin!! d 1Lt.1il
alttkt in centrul l.an.!on. V:e ltoLnd lik" to t?ceiL.
deldils af .|ry, ptoperties |au hate on Jr,!r books
u:bich I11lft oM rc.tu1je,rcnts, thich o11:dsfottobs:
we loohlaru)drd to rccetui\LllfLtll detdils oJu)hat i\
ataildble, andbope thal lrc1rillbe able 10da bueness

-J.t,,,ttutt,

bu'let ne knatu iJlau can t,Lth.: it.

t hLtnk som.4r lelb t h ery:
Th.ltk )Du LeLl flltchJise n.ln* ne allthal
intumvtbn, it t:.tlu \u,r nasr helpln
maltks a Lr Ior Settine ne thosetickets I knau
Ln Eoitlg to eniat lbe .ancetl
ch.tnge dn.lrtdl ryentent:
ra.to.t.r.
t@Poitlhnenl Ji. n Fn.l.tf to l!o1dq: afthe

l-a.

ta .ledl tr irlJ dnd ale ru)aftls I itst .lid11 t

Jiel likeEoingout.
exprcssetnxiet! about d neighbaLn':
tl.tta.g1.. l' ,'da'./
r Vatsan ol l2
ta the si/uarktl j!\trdnry

Ida ot notnalU uritu' lette^ 4 cot11Pldint.but I

Jbh I haLl ta e.VlLss n ) dL\aPP.intDtel Ltand dissnti.
'J b l -'t t
I bL,petbisletr.r bas b.lenofs.rie Ne to J.)t i,'
at|t11
h?lpilte-r.u to iripftn)e)nut sen:ree1.]8l/'.sts
g rour rcactia Li
I&k Jbtu drd to heai 11

Da )ut rcmertberI lol.l Jou / uat gonry /l)Neu)

vork an l s/a!-it1gi]t the Corcarde Hatel? vell, I kDou)
l)au)tnucb]a enlie.l nk saI thaught)u! tatld be
itt r6ted 10knolo all .tbot.tlit uasi.dllr. ittuas dreal
ta the md agerbtel!
lekhu)n dn.l I're il.tsLu:rttten
hin sotti"st of.t ...
So rou s.?, ercn the sa'calle.l bestis rnt *rat Eo..l

E',-

uo pasrq uorssnrslpJarrqPqrh }.Ior aql ))npojrul

(ee{sr)qg6eqrure1t1
rrdol
:fuelnqero,r
l.relnqmol
'ltd.r ? rru.t or puP sr.nal eseqrJo
slu.r.rDar lo alor aLIl on! s.^l.surrF rn.r or sru.Pnrs
a$ )s" pFor ro{ .prnbrr s r:]]:erd a:ouJl 68'd
g:) uo u.NF $rdor rqr lo .uo uo isproa 0gZ pue
r'-rtr,ir-r
.. |.\ ^r..urp
b
ouTuiir-t

sepguollsoduo3
> a8udm

pu,
sl pqn ,ulmat1q tnaqltn .ln aarB )
tqSy
' '[Ds.a ss.]paaL '
!,11bql t/totuqaq 11aql
&oq9 Lorpjle .to/ saultautnl tas+Lap no[./i
CJD]
-nh.lutl lran) /bsot ssapaall's!x9t nau aqJ
:3u1ao aJ
aql alaqua. o1:luapnts 4sD 'a.r1p-td nqunl .tor
,
J
^
ot
!.,.
t'u f t.i'\o. -apcd\'\a.t:r'tu
I pou!J
.\"a
,' ta I u, D..
J ,..t., )-otot .ta,pt o. n
q^tq.4,lut
D-du hf,D u,1 t. 't.t..l

'sn9uop.ow tos otssatpa?11s^n

nsstr
aU ul M.la ot wuno$al alf,rr uJa$da $t4 aql
raqqltD2
>(
aq ut q.r,I D) uauu?ut a1pLt 'Irat\ .N
u tuaalrp.h uD 'uapuo1 rl asnocr]t sltcfaH
( s4Dats
tb!/4 Jo sajtd) uouualu al 1.fl 'sa'Dvlrs puD
saDqa4 ud41.t) pa4oor ^aqr an)aqr,q aql Ia!
:Bulnaliol
o! yuaprus Isv atlr.D.t l.pqun-kod
aqi aftdute

\1lr\]

(tuu. D1o2aro2.[.)
sppDlit'u! pua lat
aqi'mD.qs 1sL,1aqt
sauuLlDnb
st ttqt qslqqturb ptpf?qlss aqs eaor-Dtuaur
{4 lal s! ,.qi raq la f,illuonb aqi itaq' 3L1414
'a' tt
. , t \ ! r ' r 1t . , . t - J , ' t , t - J " o
" r 't!
cL'
q1!]t11120
pq 1sluup aql tq raua.l uaE .JPL1usnn lrcll lDatu
oad o poq I L1atlbq19Ll],tDs\! nED..!stat1-h1
aqr anH 'lt311otFa.LoutLxa ulodaql
s?sleqdu. uaq q.1qm uatuas.ls0q aql oi uo11
'ltllralu! luln wD ot p)sn e uau)tulsua. $qJ)
aun,&uuqi puD 1ultn
'.Duu!p
aetlar
a.4l
[o s1]ta.l trtmas uauuau ai pLt
Sutppatn uaj.taSlaqtra!
D ptq Gqiu.rtotqaF.
9
pqra'or 4p1 at aaqi ;iLtlrte)
> (
''auqD tat taqlo qxoa tD
4ool
ai tuaqt Suytailb a.uDq. ap! &an s! aw

lNr lrr,\^

( ,f111lDlldD aql ot pa aloll)

'' auotltpt unol
awoq 1aqlo rno ua"ctraaa 'prDLt p'q aLrs
( pauaq@.t Poq t!)
''lnaLt
auotD
ral
'pauad.lDq
pDq
pu,ieapunI
uptnar
Laq:L
tDq,n
,,iatno ol
aq1.r.lduo. at stuaprrs4t, aaa.u.fuaqunlr.a

\rrrE <

( ,lpanb snop nt. asol. at atqn ,ulaq

aaq Io adoq au lialt ryosqt1e araqt o\ 'tjnlnb
|tDr L')na LLn. a1doa.l.saqr, stbs atls th[ .n] tu.Ll
'sioop.tD.
3 ltu
tl!tu.Jaq a4put01rapo ut puD
e'f aia.d tua4 astoL aq 111.n1a
|utul D 3u14oul
r.1.t"jlrn aqr '(a Dto.l) lto!76a.lltor l.patu aqr ul
LDq.l!4
aq u ss.ussnPsll(..s) slq aslst1ct.lua a] (t ) ra11a|
's]t
aqi
!A1
aprut swtnru)1kurc1 aqt pLt, i|fo LtD3M
jbq
uoead slqi ifioqp 8ua 4 uaaqQqDqord
ts)
ra.Eptn aW .33auD rtxtoi ulq
sa1 ( ..a4oa.Is
;lu tisv inaqo |tt qi LLtua! uop os 'tstoi .lo ai1.I
on, .t alr ;l4qt at4utts D ap Ll.tD. aq. sureu
jl.j<lupra stqlu b.J.t q ln.'q!stDqts-! rl
f,p4ltu Lttto.t \-ddra 01pasn st uou.nJts'uor stL,..,
'31.
uD
roq )ualo pt Jsra! Jb ..a1.1DDr
aqnb s,aH ,
1nq u.\Elutn aH L.Dqrrry.q1u!ssalasn
'sDnbtunE
puD sn14 a41!s31uq .u.xa a atu astorttq
's"tddD
s,aqs I
puD
sa,uara
lti4uauaa4
6n!nu
'loa n"[
q1}Do1a!,rnL1qno[ tt oap/qsna
paol{a put4
"qi
paotq qinq uoqalhs
no[]i z
nqo uaql 'atnssard
stlolrs
aqt r'ln !utit.r!!/ g.1"ct qsa4 asntiqt [Dn aq] f,Nt|
rL.ulod/ s'2zld f,t1o!.adsa't aolLtDIat a4!1f oaiI I
(88 d st) s,ar?sr,larsa,llt s
'f,sr1ot5_ruaP
Lrrslol,kor slrdp rou arx srsNrqcl.s.qr str !..Nut
parseS'lnseqlu,.{ps or ss.lprru, pun iuoltu.Luorrou,
',auoteFt..roj suorpnrrs.rrtrrd r:.rrxrruos ac .DqJ
esDJa)cl l 8

Bursrs
-eqdruepueBur4rsualur
:)|Jo^\agEnBuEl
(uoDi" roj BuDIsxpuE uorsrlliuo) :t lll?d :riJlqoi.l
puotrastostr4.p :t ur.l luralqordtsrUjo slprrp
,z [Ixd lu.l.l.rd8uorrs pur oril!:I aEd) qd Butcl
rlrr Jo uoqruLrJJqr or roru.np rElnrrrrxd8u'trr:d
'uortBoduor
IsE aoN
lapolu .qr pt.r or >^ruapNs
q$n f,Disjt,I4L!q1t Iio

tspllaLl
?N o] oii 01arDq I )uu $2N

rc ...a batlle.7tuits.
t t ..a Mlt|doldppta.se...
12...abaeaJnefles

whal pcoplc s priodtiesxrc, an.l how thc-vvarl

deten.ling on stcfc thcy come from.

8.2Exercise
,lrslrels (CB p.89)

(cBp.9l)
Instructions
explanations

Indt end IXtic/t I t rcan lE

Tbematic link: rh.: rns.

Lexicdl link: bo.llcs.
Ze$: hoe lo mehc e pot.
Vocttb l.tty: t'i't bodies (tbot xnd liand): vC: tbr

8 boking .t11e
r nunt ber otu
9 apt aut a/tbe tu1 tu e
lJ IiJe

.to focLrs
of wrjtingc ea. og.alaid untechni.a

I:l liring

.rc p.acrrse
seqlencng nrruaro.'
. to look ai waysof EphEs nt dd .efening back

15 liJastltt)

,\sii studcnlsio lead fie Hinrs efd then read rhough

|hc modcl coDposirj')r

1a li/e
2t) en uninn entul lt.fiie tL.lll
Current questions sce pngc \iii for suggcsliol5.

(cBp.90)
Special
vocabulary:
collectives
'.)
r",_.. l,'rr.,,Pl.
" i
'a \\,inli olsleep nr ihe lefter ofcomplaint on cts p.88
fossiblc p.occdurc: ask the studcntsto iool<rt lhc
first loun of the collec ,e and see il rey .]n delne
i ,d' .l\ s r, gI'
r. ',-.. -ndn.'l
{rr.le.ro mi*e xn ettecfi'e expression e g. n'ink
'. (\( L-ll
-il-.r\. ..,
r!-.J rnl..-1'|
exaggcrxtcsthc hck of slccp.
8.3 Exercise
| ... d
of"1fon atio17
2 .. a "1ine
l.ddoflubbish ...
3 . . a/laod ofter." (ar|taads afte&rl,.
L.dctttsbDJcul l'es.
5 . . d brcdth af lfrsh ai1.
d sea aJlhces
6
d u,ulk.t sleep
7
tt
iriQfash ofitl'titutk,i.
bttienabl)1?t'tte.l
9 . . Ll'ricce of.akc .

.-_

Compositionwork
Ask nudcnrs to choosetwo ofihe suggestionsand
rnxkc noreson i|em. Aithis st.ge theyshould be
concenlruljrg on the actionsfequife.l. noLthe
scqucncingol rhe points - dris s.lll.o.re in l.xnguxge
\!ofk.,^lso askihemnoi ro LLSe
dicfionxriesto tind
out 2nr vocxbullN lhcy.lon I how.Iflsreed encourage rlrem to make ? dcscdplivc fcfinition ofar objccl
(seeexplanaiion(c) bcloiv)
Possible ansuers (CB p.92)
a) tu)b la lelo d biclcle 'tn.J stai n.1i11g:
boll the bike steadJ
get one teroneach sideoJtbe bit?.e
sit on the s.t.ldle, l t heepone.loo! on the Ei,und
p Ltbe atherJi.t onrhe?e.lal
lLtsh oI dud stai?e.ld i]19
D I tou,toPlaJ, snap',
dil:Lle rhe car.Leequalll, betbeen tb.! plLtl,e^
- eacb?erson h.l.ls tlJeir c.ttds tuithoLtI Lnhirq dt

t)

orlepldterst,,ltlsb! luming orerotrc card a1ld

Puttntg it iD rhe DlitLlle
thc nextpkller rums aNeroneof their cdrdsand
Pla.es t.ruickb, on tap of he otbe\ if it bds the
sdne n mber &s the cal d dh1'aLl! Ptared, sonebo.lrshotts stl.lp as .ttLicklr atpossible
the.first peison 10shoul sll.tp callectsa11the

|h

---

stu.p
1
rns ot rlrtrp uo no^ qrrqa.t.ru'rxa raqpuz s' arelI
'
nrr"r.1
> I' sirrL! puv Praq,sorc
u! &up .url aql Jo pu. 3qr lx
sprsursr r s
!u,rs .rll sr Suotqo .qr .psnro "{ltrurc
.ml .U Jo qrAuq Jr]]
t?r{r .Jns Jrl'?t{ q8r rrl1 ot .rniJrJ f,qt rpF_tno ._.nurl
-uo) qrq\\.utl lrltrHri_r derp:tuotqo alllJo.tpp'u
.Il1 ruojJ'u.qr tuotqo a$J().lot.qt as?qsrrs" srq
qrnl.\\ .tJJrr JtrLI . {!rp arntrJ siqt Jo dot uO ra8uol
,(lrq8lts s:rpF .qr qrra:tuolqo up a]]ll arcu sir .rd
-rr]3 aq or ^Ilnnrrr -rrPnDsJorros P a'rP ]p Jo rsrc
:26 d gl .qt ur.dxqs.qr qll^\ srrollr
rlaql srrduror u.rlr pt'r. {.qr:aoltoJ or slurpnrs.rll
rol suolrnrrsq SrIAoiJol .qr .r'rrrp ptno) no t l
'.uo
Itrrrln .qr s.lqurs.r
Surap,rptruu aqlitssolr doq aas pur r.dnd io aratd
.r.tduror rqr rr Iool.lnort aqr'p3qsuU $ rr uaq,A
'rd?rls rqt ar,4) ot sr l Nrpnrs Jr| 'uolrdDsap aqr
uorl IIlo tulrtio^ uo p.ssed ueqr si uoqdprsrp
oanud aql pue D o piptol srradrd to rrrrd aqr lo
dor.qrrE adtqs aql uolldrDsapr s.lln urqr oqa
'ru.pNs r\au aql or uo tl sassrd uaqt p(I? ad"qs ?
qtrte a..qr
s.ILlol3 ui
s1ulpnrs
sa".rp
tu.pnri^
Jo
)roa
YnJxr <
'au?8 s..u.nbrsuo:)
Jo putl P olur
.qr u pa$aatns se
rp?ru eq u?) ,{ti^nrp sqr ro
trl)
op or lqr\\jnoqqnFu irllt llct ot >_tu.Prus
tsE Fqrrt
'rr:) .pls
PU'LJ
'Irluozuorl 'trrilr^
rqSu uonoq !.u.ror puert rjat dor
lar" sP]o.s Flrsn rarln
IllE^uralpe )tro,s
or.pro rq uptrsploa asaqraoq p!" 'trla'pru,?Jiid
'alSuer Buolcto'alSueu 'ararbs
'rtF,r'.qnr
,nEIn L"Jo^ adrqs rlsxq aL0q{.4\ iddtq .r
r3sDrr!3 strt1.,pno,{ rrolrg
stu.prus
]rqrlJaqJ
'adEqsoqr arnpodu or,\oq ot s?
I?J
-ll?rrJtp?lll oor:turq I noqtrd rnoqrJtraulaqlor suo4
rulsur a^l8 u.qt pur .drqs ? .r?rt or .^rr] snFPnrs

asr)rexlz 6

qlo.l qtv SLLUtpPad

u!\aq Le. no[ Pup pronbleoLl
notl fim a4tqaw Dafnq]a aql q1n unap tDp..I
.qr qsndaLa4aa's aql p pua pofa o qrn punot1
ary uo4llb 'tet.I i.aLrttnq \aqoq aqt.bau spuDq -n n
daaT 'dloJbqpauotluau sV it.tq tI.w aqt satuo. naN
a.ur4pq rflal asq rn noI asltuaqto pu11.t8 aqt uo
r.bl aLrlo rq daa4o1pznl l,Ltop inq lDpad D ua iaaf
auo rn{ &to atppos aq uo tls 01tt:?oara.$ no[ Jurcd
slqt tv hua8ratua uD u1 doJsat paau no[ astl u1

saderq ary rpau 'stp.l.tpuDq aqr ua spuaq rkat auq

nof a.n. a4LrN apls tppa ua 8atalo anuq \prdn raqo
u :a|n aql k aluDlaqj nno ;Jatauo twJ u.W nol1oJ
tt op a! auoauas ta' h [poat\ a4q aql no.t 10 F) istlt
4 aPU Pw) a|.tuq D uo o3 01noH ;l o
'' ol r\oq nroq
qneu leql llar ot iurqr {s1r 'tFotN uolnsodtuot uI
paDdrd -taqr sarou lo slrs .rI Jo ruo :trsn 'Gr[
'.srJr3x. 3qt q sasuqd srtl

,{prrs u.e tur uorrrsoduoJlepourstlt ur p.rmnb.s

.i? suonrrrtsc -{P.a.qt lE tool plLtoqss:lu.pnls
esr)Jexl l 6

Buurelar'Sursuqda.r
'suoEf,
nJlsur3ur^|3)Jo/v\oBEnBuE-l

3a'd 'o.h 'ootL: lJln ' at ta.4

;lnl Dqr./buorpq aql
. ' 4 ' t 1,
p
t
t
f
l
q
.
r
'!1 .dl,J"-t..dd
.
1
I
t
t
u
a
,
t
n
Jn^.DU ! ialLD'
at 'li"4ti

93,..t4t"tro

rapn aU.h dal

da 4rl. u t,a '-,tU r. 4tt\t -t 10!t 3ut,t, ',1,ts".t. rIJ aq utl'a '. t'n d"t u'od
1'Itot aAdqtatrt"aro a ',/.h" tn4
L r d ' n l , t 4 ' u t ' , Da ! 1 t , o q
D Lrln) aaJ.{oIo.In. r) a4'rtu ot noH aa
:(a4alD

Puoq )llstta
uDatr ttDtdar'l"fu
41sLr ditt, "'.hlf
p"uuol
l ' IDtddltr:tun*. ud!4t4t@anlntt
tt1 4t"tL rtuo1t,a. trpttu rtd ^u
apPxu aq Ltl aou s! petm -taaa
,! J D!4p 'o pt,o.lttr , 4t u " .t J, f t. .tt "4Dt
4 f . , ' t . \ r . . v , o t , D . Q t t ' p l b ! 4 1' . | o u t
uo4las anplu aqt raao tl
Dotd puo puDq !qgy aqt ul uoulas {Fu aqi a4o!
z.rqt .rut ttoq aq1aplttlp
suall.as
lDnba
anq Suat 4otdot noH (p
rno aua. um qra. aqt Pul1nw.qb) aql n4
saaui tnal. uaatlpq al aq aql noq
on tn Lr
so -tDl so pluq laqp aqt qltn n rrslb. aqt Lun!
pu'q aua ry 4u4l a4taq aq ppq relD aq ind rya. aryJbarru aqlqm
,a4n {o aryoq a ua.h ot moH p
sprD. aLlt
tp pa a. 01ef,Dtd ouo roJ s! auDE aqtJa ulD aq dl.rI1raqAt.l
uaaq anpq rr)q1s?o).
oi uatq sppD putt pa[ai

lirsl of all. dm$.. tdanglewith allthfee sidesof equal

lengih. Frcm the top poini of dre fiiangle a bmken
line extends horizotually as fir as x ponrr directly
abovc lhe dghrhand rqllc of the baseline. vhen
you vc donc lhxl, dr\a a wary line t'rcn the ight
hand end of the horizofi.rl linc down Io jonr fie bot
tom .ight hand.omer ofdre riangle.

5 A: wbr don't )nu fntt lour|eet uP?

6 B: / e\pect so, Chdrlic can tuLtt hisJi1tba rcLn.l

Ilavc funl <

9 t'm rcdlb getting cal.l.lbet about dc.eptijlg that

7 E: t troPelou p^'s. L keep nrlil1qe6

8I'm.t.|dbbdn.l

cr.l;seLl/br

Dn', soI Uput )DuIsbelfuP.lnr

10 SLttchibhei must be a bd tfltl. Hoz1,.lot:ou n.tn

Composidontides
Ask d1estuden6 ro write a full lcngrh conpositnni
.(\tl..rn,nb.wi wJo.on,
r 'o.
81'n!
-gi.,nir'
. h , n gT l . t , r '
h n o . F J r rF r ,
Composftion Y/orl< or CotnposiriiD Titles.
Ifapproprixte, rsk a studeff to read oorhis/hcr
compositionro the cless.Thc othe.srudenLscxn then
r,r
ur Prr
rlr,., --!i n,.

Verbcombinations:'for'
Theme:the arts (cBp.94)
Sludenli a.e askedto pnt rhe infirilives, in rhe cofecr
ibnn. inlo thc senlcnccsand ruLdr thcm wilh vertl

9.4Exercise
,lzfuels (cB p.9,i)
1 .. Eo rt tbe dircction ol(litenlll)

Vocabulary
ldiom/metaphor:bodies(foot and hand)
(cBp.e3)
9.3 Exercise
drsarers(cB p.93)
topu t .yaulfoot in ir = tu .dLte enbdtatsmdt

b:,,sa!

ing s thll in 4*roPriate

10?ull s one s IeE= la ted.iesolneone
ta bdLE/getcol.l./be| dbaut s thg = to hare .lotubtsabout
a dec^ial) )Du ue n.tde
ta put )L'ltrJad 11p= to reld
to tL ie s'one tuun.l )aur lttle.finga = ta be d ble ta
petsuade s'one to do anyth iDg J,au uant them k)
to keeP.yaur.finltei\ crLse.l = tu haPe things uill tun
to come tu hand! = to be us{ul
to be d.ldb batnl at = to be ue4,Saa.l,/shilful .t
to be a handftul = to he .4ffi.utt to conbol
ta li,e.fu)m ban.l fo mo4b - tu baue haftlb, enaL.ghto
1 Their uaf of IiIe tuashar.l dn.l nost af tbo lircd
b.tn.l tu nonb .
.fMn
'tbke
2
some eMrc rape uitb JDlt uben yu eo climb
ine. I m sure it uill ca le t11h.D/Ll]:

t . . - . . . , ^ r . u tu I v r t . b .t . . Lt 1 . l t ^ . r t , . , , t \ ) ,

vou rcalU?utlourloot in it, rou knop. DidrT't

lou realiseLhdttbq) hadba.lrhe nost tlnighty

F-

..

3 ..takenintoa.carnt
L . . f e i n l o r eD i t b . .

7
u
9
lO

..PdrLicipatitlqitl ..
.. accep!(reltrctantb,...
.. gai ]19i n tbe dircc tion af ( mcta?holic a :,,)
. . .one toyLr bause(.tnd co e.t)Dd...

There ar--lvo verb connrinxtions$atlrxve i|e meining ol lo go in rlre dnedion ol': ro head tbf cxn be
.nd literxlly $'herees to
used both metaphoricall,v
rnekefor'.en onlybe used iiterally.
to dlhtlbarydi /br: to take inh dcco|nl
b be dlrryIar ( hlbtmdl ) = to rdn | rcl! m ch
to nLakeJbr - to eo in the.lire.tio't af(lttentu)
see
b caluar= tu co,p bs ole s house(and collct therl)
to settlelar = to accept (rclud.tntlf)
b EoFr (inJbl r1dl) = Lalike
to heacubr = to Eo tu the dircctntl oJ(rptdphonc't 9.
(11c.1itdl\a be se.l literdly seeexpldir.tLiolr dboLe.)
b stdtl.Ubr = to ned , reqresd!
tuJAll Jor = toJalt rl tou: lrith
fo go in.lar = ta p.ltticipate nl
NoF esk the sLu.Lcnts
Loput thc vcrb combinaLbns

tr'
E.{q p..{otioj si , lo r..lunu aqr ur asEarruru!, :4oN

p.uuditrsrparx sruapnFrqnJr l.rnpr)oro rlqlssod

'9ard gllo Iuorroqi)ql lt tueJnqmo4

ttdElBljE.l
I olr dn u.qt arlb larppu? srulod r)a or or,{oq
Jo sdDof oa|sxrJ aqt qgno{r {ool ,tppmb urqJ
sql.qursap or sa Dr:rpt ^u?Jo IUIqr
ru.u..(n
Jo atclurexr up sr trl) aqr ur NOLts rJ.rq srq ,pllrl.Z
u"rIaqrI..sPue,[e],pux,rs!, Jol(sqJ-)^p.rtDoss'r
SmnJt .^lal aqs plP sru.tqord l1rII](.uonsrnb r$rJ
.qJ 96rl gO uo rrirrr. rIIr r.Ut *Ioirsrnb,{jEuruns
!3qr ro) srnrru .^nrur t"lsrSans or srurpnrslsv
'txrt urqt prlPl)P rrou {ur aq
alp r? ]loolu3qr PUrlx.l.qr pt.r or sruapnNlsv
()13^?q luop roi llj Pr.qro ru pux a$ r Suboqs
luaru.roi! sr D rsir or rJpro ur Inurur !. Jo s..l
.qr rD or s' (9t )u!l) .JIqqoIlor. tpruttr nn)qx utal or
auo 'preoq rqr uo sqd'?j8 oar ituraxip IPItrrnb I.l
iiurtur srd aqs uaq-{ or lua^\ rqs looqrs .qr Jo aur!
uouxrardrarur rusrrrs pu qd?$ Jo r.pr rqr .rnpoinrt
\1lrx3 <
:rF st (t au!) ,s,{qps. :.tDFqI.o^ tulp..i ird
'st.urD r.rl rol ro.rx.
'.uor lslrotr rsas iqr or trPrsnY
Jo ill)]).ru rqr uo{
pa)llarr oqa urtuo,{ rtstFul mr 'uosphEcl u.{qox,t.l
qrr,1l uo{ ua{Er sr iurrPrl laruPr nloq? rtrB'r-{aaq.L
'AuFr.ld
ri!^
s
.snF
.
aqr Jo arlu u
,Inrlt.u.qtriu. aqr sraqrorot :ltL1P
Pu".&P solees
r rrrqr roJ tuDue Jo purt sqr aPq slu.pnrs auros

uo!lEuJrolur3u|1uaseJd-o!
>,ls:iurr.eu .luEur? u.ddeq
lius.oprc su.ddrq req$ ir.rtraaql or Surpror)Y,
'spro&
06 0/ ur asuxunrnsurr ,{rql uoD.s ))rrrrd
urxxEaqrur
d
uo.8?ssdprnlrrqr r'?rlool
fl)
ztz
raqrourj!or lu,\ s]urpnrslI
or u.rlt Is. '!&Euruns

esl)rex3l0l
'stuiururor IU1rrIru puP
or uaqr
urqJ /Irxmuns n r,\!
slu]Il.qr
rp
tsr
toot
.r Jt d -rr\ \) ., ,d|nFur
I I ^- r, ,q ur-t :rrt
plLloaro op rPrtN ausF.uuns u poqraupoog
t rsaS'lns
or fit.qr $'? 'Il.rrl1).uur sluiHaql p[ar
sruapnlseqt 8uln.I lo prJtsu :rrtrp:trord .lqFso.r

Surt?eJtxf
Sursueuurns- uollLuJorut
(sf1lon L8)
paroqaq
lan att ot laaoa sDa ! ,nouEralt tal ar .lapo tL .taq
paddlqn LosptaDe utttoiJ 'pa4rH tt4naz lI Dq aa4
q.nu ool SulPu'uap naqqn ',FDqa.loqraq a\a!
osltr aqt laa'. aqt at lrSuunssval Etq nna'n aqs anu
auDs )ql p ta{laq ql!.n f,D1.Jpu, Jaq a4o4s Mqt PUD
aarr D at raq au PFan aqs 'ada'xa .n!r 'a.Lta|{1toa
s,n4lataz 3utqD8 qLln op ot 11]r|\|D.!spq ah.n Pa\n .qs
spoqlatu 3ut4D4 aql pua ',p?tqqaq;JutaqPUD s3u!tF
8ul,tun or pasn o\lapz pfJ ., prq u.'st, l'a t^qotl
:qdDr;tD.tDd
pa?r.!4 aqs uaqm.Dq pa.nqm
E.D4 taq La pul' l"ahaq
putlortt szutql lnd 'raq ot duy a.fl ID paElar '.lsn l
Pnat pa[DF'laaltaq q!!a PaIDi raq Patuo.r8
a.uaplua. raq utn a1DPra ut 4.Dqat9q nq apot
:stulaJ
06 d t]|J) hnsub atqlssod
lPurrpz urP-ir
or asn aqs plp spoqrau l?qa ruousrnb puor.s.qr
rlrrM ss..ord aFlduor aql op ol trlarp Isr u.qt
q.I"l3
. r ' d r u . r d r o, ' . . t . r u i q ' \ , 1 t , J , o J J J .
.{"a rql .{pnrs u?r {.qi u.qJ euo rq8u aq} perJal
-Ilirr r^?rl {.qtI r.s or]l].qtr u.qr Pue uoBsaLrb1sru
rqr rrMsur?rRqlrxar aqr ur snrro.laqr.'oJlool pllro.)
,{.qr '(i) ur^IiJ sFAsux .ql rR)ool or rou q8noue

ra$oljx u t.ruas.rd r aq ()1s?qll]qluotrprrolrl

qrN ttep qroq.{el{l niqr tur.q s!l?d oal aql urraraq
i+!qlu{s Ilrio n{r 's x.l 6,tr ur sr DrdtL]:r srq.t.
spua] pup sr 1srElstLr6s3rdxaasped o+ .
eor,4-P.,u. o,rr r'fu .rnd
PUe11 e uorl Lrol?ur.ro]!L;!|1]a1X. .s pad 01 i

utv

I P){u \. .. q rtu .\ . l.tulnqDJuA

t. \
'uortrurcJur
lEJrtsDrrs(rr l.{prt lturD .qJ (r :srtaJ
r,\ar .&rl L:uJr, arl ul p.sn
sr .rl.rop putr dn. stiod !?d paxro :ryr?//r4tr1
'srrlslrrrspur sr)qunu :?r/ rl]r&aq{

(96d gl) uorlurJoJu!

Surluasa;d-a;pu 3urlJerlxf

'(rol Drtlor puP

asnoq rno,{ or .uotr) .non rot lp) II,I. pu'? (noI .uot].l
-rl.t),no.{Iptr II,L u.a,$laq Du.J.tIp rqr.roN

-r N"',tf;.'I

countable$old ofphlase. and'an incrersein lhe

amouni of...'is followe.Lby xn uncornnxblcone. <

coLrl.lbc done ('th the

A snnil.fwrrm-up aciiviry.-'
next group ol lo.abulxrl, Pul a Percenlagesentcnce
on rlic board rnd ask srudcffs ho\r theycoul.L
cxpressrhis in wods witltout usingrhe Ror.L Perccffage e.g 33%of British people own a dos (x dnrd
ofrll Britrslrpeoplc owr, dog, one in thrcc Bdlons
own a dog, or one our of llnce. Briions . , a signifi
cxnt minorly (of Bdrishpcople) o(n ., fes ef rhan
hxlfthc British peoplc own ...,elc ).
lhen asksrrdenrsto study the rcmainingvoc.bu
lxry gurps nr dle top ot CB p.97.Discrtsss'hat !rb
/r4
e e q , , l , l L ,' | . F n q , r . l ' - ' I . ! ^ r .
pe,iods (p.esentpedect\!iif rhe fi$l L$o..nd some
fom 01'lirturesirh lhc thi {rne).<

10.2Exercise
Studcn6 are asked to rcad die short alti.les; flr$ lhey
should identiry and underlinethe langu2geusedro
cxpressrends rnd stndstics,and then rc c\press
some of the informati.,r.
Thc lirsi erlnct is sllown as xn examPLc.
I foLttfot4 accoi dtnE t.)
There has bee11.t .lfttmatic $e in Pu blit: .on.em
2 d tbir.l of 1 1 ynr-olds: ac.ar.!"1g to; J2.6 Per.ent
ApPtoxhndtelr- ane in three t1 .le.tHkl bar,san.t
girl h6d areglldrEirlfriend
ar bovhie d
itr
the
nert
tun|edrs;
gi-ou)
broneni
ion:
3
accauntins fof 9Qpef cent of the +llu,th
Therc uill be an in. tudse in the nurl bd- .l Lone
occount.for the
tuho 9., out ta botk li'one\l 10i11
areruhelning matonry a[ thegrcurh h tbe bbottr
forc? n1 Lbe]1ert tun )rears.
4 ot| arerage: the EC dremge ua;t an areta.ge aJ
Britisb at u)*e.l sliglr tl! lo1ryer l)ou L tb.l |he
EC arcraEe but Bttish u:ame1|uorked slightb,
5 rlJrce quarter oJ:27 Per cenr al
Thet: hasheena npi.l declrle iltthePaputaiiry oJ
.heq esas a nea6 ol ndkittg c^tb laitb.lr.ltu4|s.
Dunng tbe sameFno.l tbe use ol cheque.a i
bas i,'etr Pi.11!.
6 the nu nber al rcse; 45 Per.ent
'dran atic MPi.t' ar'sh.t1P'
10.3 Exercise
daa.'e

Go

(CB p.98)

8 stedt), marked 6r dn\) ather stmnger.l.ljectirc

.lependrry a n boD rou JbeU)

studcfis are.sked ro look at the othcr l.rbleqt1i.h

givcs inib.mxtion rboutchildren and 2lcohol, rnd to
nrilc.l snnilarpe.agnph lothe onc ln[xercise. 10 J
Suqgestedansuer GB p 98)
A sltlfrisinslt ld\e nunber 9[ 11-12-yeax ^ t]nnh
.tlcohol, 6c.arLl"4 10tbis tahle. It1.[.1ctb! tbe tih.
both ha./san i grls .ltt 13, orct bdlf ol lbeir aqe g ouP
harc dru]lk sanething dlcaholic i1tthe prerk)L!.' serert
da$ Througbout the |eel$ tberc is a ste.r.ll increase
in the nuntbet u,ba cojlsume .llcoholic .|ri*'t sa that
atpn,..r' t,6r'^ t tllb-' r,1' t : t('.'
Ercup dild 2 out aJ3 gi/d in the salne ase Et'rltP sdJ,
the:t hare ha.l dlcohol .luiittg the lan ueeh

10.4Exercise
Tlis.xercise has to bc anss'eredni LhcslLL.lendo*n
words usingthe exanple as a no.l.l

10.5Exercise
lf stldents have hadcnough ofstatisticsat dlis siage,
ihen don l d{r rhe exerclsc. If ihev are slill ilred witlr
enrhusiasq therxskthenlo prepareftc rough
gr.rph o.iabLc (the-vcan us the illuslraiion on Cll
p.98 as a noclcl) lorhornework end be prepzre.l Lo
r.rLkthe g( p Lhough it in thc rej|t lesson.

ldiom/metaphor:number(cBp.99)
Expressions in this grouf ai; aho lo do with stxtlslics.
bu!ihis inne thc 1b.$ h on thcn nelaphodcal ust

10.6Exercise
1 on bis halLds and knees = on aluou6
2 it is Bu|ll thtlt = nine rin?s a t aJ ten (Note: the
'nine nat itl nine'
ex?fe\thn beeinsuth
:
3 I can t deci de I m !i1 tua n inds (.1ote: jIo I m.114)
JbthLv.l b! ubetber tu ....)r . . )
1 bet = ten ta ane (Note: .tllLtin. the esprcssion begills
tuitb ten'nat 'i15Lar'

fc_.

ss.n8 or & IIra

dnot' aqr Jo rsai aqr rnl arnts.a ro .rim 1lEuDIoru
Ll suorss.r.lF as.qrJo ruo f,trND! ot stu.pnts }Isy
( 8u'pua lildoq D aaoq u.l
Sut4Dtr-enryuD a1ai'q! suauDuts pasn :apN)
pual4'.[a as aq aeqp punos puo alDsalan
sLt!8ont aql '8ultuotu aqt q rnoJ rn \t'.t tuqt/
raqto q.Da Suluaqdapraan
.qlou rraqt a|1qr'n oI
(4ru1&lFoa 1 q 4ru1%tmI
lou s luauateF a l'qt ftls ot pay v s!q1:a]rN)
a.ua.DIuoxlnJasa..nso a?qsoq4'a'u'!puots
5
flltno s,aqs?utl hq to iuDltlLtqs.aqsauuaeos
sslu pLtr llq {ran s1.1o1.D
Lta s. a. DaloJra{s[.I I
( ?sual alnlnJ 0 uaql pu, /auaqn, t\clpanattot
Qlttltuou s! uolssadxa s1ql :ai.N) ttaanL$au uoxa
tDullslq ssv{ltw uoutts raqraqn 03 p.D qrnor s}r I
aqq Pu, 4n4q n
uouoq tu lna1rpu' I'pra$a;t a.! aq uo pad.tts r 9
1'uufuu qiFur
tnoqD szttu $oJ puD ptoq aal &aa arD araqJ I
( lurDal sl 8ulEauos
nol

Jt^'nbJite.'t

tto1

\'D

\tt

.rq, spoau st(oqD uo6\.ard\a slqt :a],N) roLD

pult
lq st;lulryauat woat 01f,Dr|f,\uoaqf ,
lvur
'ta^ns pub
uoqs 4 daa4 ta.lDd
-snau aq h paqsllqkdaq olra at rno[ ]utrn nd\lr f
( ,uaanraq aoJpul1 a.J .1p sasfl{, IDs
01pa'or e lt 111q
, uaanraq ..Dl pu9 nal\.a rrllblJ.
t's oi {t8y tau st n ,o1a!ta avbraq srratqns atq'
1ut7o1 e{4n pasn aq [luo uD. uolssa.lra s-tqr:.roN)

[]ttnualut uaat4aqol ruD iD! ap st,p luuns Z

@udts puo
a. atnb) iaqou rn nh patlr puD ErrstuJ t
ID111bo
(001d sl) $ar?s'ry
asrrlocl /.0 |
,Put,lq paubl
(sqr.^pE rsqE rsa DralpE)sProaJo srrBdarou
ruos .rx rFql asrtrr.x. srqrq .uaoP pux dnj l.rrrl
r.q tuDII.,\
p.tllxr uosp!\xc ulqou iDtdnqtr
tnoqr
'$i .q) uI
str Jo itmf
rq rqr rPil, !u111r1
I.uDz
(sunou) sProa parBd roJ r r .l sl 3Js

(ooI dr)
pa.rred
(pexrur)sprorur
:l.relnqmo,r
;errad5
r.qaBoj
omt pup oai tnd = p.Lladdoq p'q uqn ua 4raa 6
(auop 8ulEtDtlo JunotuD aqt sassar.ka
:aroN)
ua.ap
aqjotuaataulu = Sutddotsrnoqqtna
s"nroq aE - saqasrna rallo{ tp'a I
t6.1s)' 6 as!1ta$Jaas,zu,s inoqD
p{ptu anDqot. atB tuDau uttDtnuls)aqoj
:aloN)sqgnoqt pLto.as3u!.Dq - 1qa3o3u!41.!qt .)
(./)tDt.s
utnl uto8'
ar, suluDau ut rolluls :aiov auo
uttts
al9nbs at 4.Dq a3 = 8utuul8aq aqt uulutri,
uDr- t

Sress = ineaning(Cg p.l08J

Tnining siudentsio lisien fi! the
nressedNorls in o crbflnd thc blsic
messxge.
C h n p t e r . i l , n r i u l s r e s sa C Bp 1 1 2 )
\i'ten rhe nonnxl sffesstritem is
changed,nnrat doesthis do to the
.reaning oi the ulrtnncc?
Chxpteri
t)fcdi.lion (CB p.11;)
Dcvelopilg r skill \']tich is natitfiL,
pres.nLin thc firal llnguagc.
Lisrenjr!j lof s!.ucturcan.1iitonaLion
clucs rlLerc1]1help stu'denisio predicr
s n2r 1scomrngncxr
Chxptefar listening f.rr'gisf (CB p.i l8)
alcdng snrdenlsro lisier iorrhe genenl
i.le? honr rn eitended pie.e oflisten
ing
CliaplcrT lisrenlrg for rnrbma n I (CB p.121)
\rhich con.enrrereon
T\.{r chrpreL:s
gcrLinjjslrlcrrs ro li$en fbr spe.ified
info&rllon
tinedlg lbr lnlir xion2((lB|12.1)
\ore lilking 'sunnna.ising(CB p 12i)
Lrsingdre skill of lisiedingfor sp.cificd
nrlblnltron .ln.l combini.g it iith dre
wridrg skill
LislenlngbcLNccnIh! lines (cB p.I29)
B.! hstennrg1othc r{Ic ofloicc, rnd by
int;kncc. lislcncN (mr dcduce dilgs
ihlt ir?vc not acrurlh.been sui.l
Chlptcr3

The intrcducLirn to thc llsl.nidg s.cllon in thc CLI

highllghLssome ofthc problemsrlilr srud.nls k(c
whcn llsl.ning lo c.sscllc rcco ings nr.lnss. Thc
sklll of lisLenlngto e r.(o(ling rnd LLcnNn"$,cfnrg
questions?ftclav?r.lslars vcry liule Lo.lo \.ilh f.!l
life. hon evef althcntic Lhcmatcdrlis
Tht scctlolanns io irlvoh c llLc srudentsin doirg
trlore rlnn j!|\I lislening.lnd aos\ering quesionr
By breaking do\rr lisrening,.ro s ell .hunks . $e
hope ro bc able ro encourrge slu.lenisn.[ ro s$iich
'e lf.
.:,
r.r, ,
,
I
are, alier all, sone rspecrsoflisrening rhri.en be
Iacii ofrhc lcn (h]pre|s ii rhis sedjon concen
.rnreson one texilr.e inv.h'ed in dre listennrgand
aF.d.4

.-

.,

iin

,,.

.rf

soundsr..l ioking th()!gh 1r)listeningb.tNccn

noke.lrllr)Lrgh in
the lines. llre cheprersshc,Ltl.1be

ChJptr, I

Soun.lsof lngllsh (Cts p.10J)

This chxfler gels s(derls ro lisre.
nnensnelt io dre rnallesi sound
unit thrcugh mininxl fxir sentcnccs.
Conlr.lcfionsls.k ibrms (cB p.106i
EDglishsquashes.rn.ildisiorts$1'nds
i! or.lcr 1okccp rhc rhlthtn ol rhe senLenc..so stu.lcD(snusl Lrclimllirr $ilh
Lhebig.llilcrcncts bcL\\ccnrlc ioDrs
lvhcn \.riL{.n.lo$n rnd $hcn spoken

Sounds
of English
1cep.to:;
tt?& spcrklns. frcposirtrn cdlo..ui.ns Iirl r. trn
e!Inplc in llle Dhnnil pxn'slisreninge\er.ise \n

'lhe

Tben tic link: ,l\fletent\,.i1.sof sferki.g

. to fo.!s on her.rs snals.!na d reren.es
to ident:t andpractre ndiiidua:so!.is that .aLi.

I.l Exercise
Thisexercisere.LuiFslistennrlt.on.entr.rion
t,

snrdentsrerlh.ncc| Lolisten.ror iu$ he.ir.ll senes

3s r| rnirodu.: rr io Lhcshill b) smling $ith ihe
snLrllesrrnd rrcn b$i. palt ollinconrg. lncl can bc
sccn ro sor|e e{ent rs r.lixgnosti. rcsrfor Lhcsru
dcn$ siude.is usr'allr enjo! this c\crclsc - il secms
ro be somerhnigdiat rhcl cxn gcr their reellr ir1ii,
studenissill licxra scrncrce of dre.rssefie and
I' r'.'F i|
.l
r,r., ol drr r{o if rhen books B.th sent.n(cs nrhc scnsc
tunn drc poinl o1\ jen' ot .omtn ehensnrn.$r geLtlng
dic corrc(r.rns\!er cxn onh be done lI ljstennig1ol

lFl nt
(i)t the t.Qescriptallht bL!t:ltaJthe aR)

t6-.r::;:r-=l
euop uaaq rsnt sEq wqa Is
ol sru.lurs r arq^\ ol uaql puE u:r{r rurojjad 01 s1u3p
nts Is ol rslg sr sqF asaqr esprd <)1-{ad ls.q aqJ
(.Gunu pun anwnu uaa@aq
atuaElip aql a.uou) anunu 01= pu,4sapun
ro r9aq \uD' e.qto qflsar o st osql.usnpu
4,tads 01
(rol
o1= g.aIap q.aa6 n)
!.tuIss1n1|rys 01)haur$
taarau 01anp uauuadat put) uo!1011saq
4!n 4oadsa!
( .la 'a!n$a8 tna.ln qaq q8norql asoat
un nai[ 'spran %tn $tt lou fiq) asDatot = atut
pu ttDq Rqr,saaaqq a.qs arya aj [\fi$Dtd tht ol
ta.Js-tqdo1= nofnaq
-aao uDt aEa aucau osauoaaos a] t4alnb
4r.n1so1
(t
uo
uootr9x
aq
aat
d
wqr
[
s2
a1- s9!dq! snoyas lral pu nory [Iowolu!
4t4 ol
tpt at - fioqs oj 'qpnot ry)adsa1
apysart o1= rctSnoqr.nlasn'd al
(ta.uznbasuor aqr fioq, 8ulEulqt lnoqm
uolb &an) lno unn or - 9uapp . Suqlawos [t's ot
raunu o1= Eu!
u!"duar uaUbpua rrNno!{ oj uajh 'tplnb Eoadsor
q^ur a1- s,autup ro uo!]
-oua 'utDd ot anp 'a1!an[ut lnaqtq $a1qo
4Lds o]
:suolrllnJap rFql $!r perpr"ru eq aou PForts sqDA
3u!$a1
OI
6
Eratl
''' pallttlsaq
a
(jllalau.)
'a'aq a1n
&uo aq1s! t! uotroqul. la ssasod [q nq
-qdarddo
aq
qBru
sqtaa
p.6nas)
raqp
Bu.!.IpC
I
.pMuturts
..
9
.
8u1-t"dsrqn
9
. .fiapaunlq
,

'anun*

...ljuyroq....
z
'''8q)auntu
I
:ssruetuas alp otur
lnd aq aou pFoqs 'uroJ ltrrjror reql ur rsqD asaqJ
alDqsaq ;tno unp wd.)
:anumu :asoarIIa[ Trqx :.puuols :]atne tradslqm
(g0r'd sl) sraflsrrl
-at-ldoidds
g)
sI
aql
u!
ua^A
rNI
rrn
luo{t qra^ 3urrEtr
-rurururor rptqrl^ 4luapr u1:) ^.qt
lr stuapnls Is" pur
at:lesstJ aqr IEtd qra eqlJo raurrur eqt u 3l'.iPeds
Iq ni:A Jo eruos .r"-rtsuourep uBr
"bqr J si ll:rpr aql
'uaql
'dtJ?aoq daqr
Jo II lsou
J rrs pu? sqrr^
l,lm?rrunurlsor lo tsll aqr r" >pol ot sruepnts rtsv

ZUIEI

oslrJx3 l

(s0t df) 3u!tel!unuluor :sqre,re,rDdulsaq

( qa'asd' 02D' Dat'tualq.'dv

3u1nr6 '.r3rcrqqDaq o aqt tplaup
,r;e!iuq|
auas W,n pasn I onsn uaddt'ct 01,Claqu,t!,11son
'q8nuq4Darq
arq
v
or
I
fiaqtt $n aq :su'au)
'JbaF"anaquo6
(sa.uatlas eu
-1so.Iu! pasn Ipo \\'a..re Jb a.utcr. q.nu aloq
1,uop ttquqord an q8naqt uana4 op tpl suoala)
'. a10q.!!a aqluo .
a
( Fards ut p.fl qtouou tt puo tt;snq:suDau)
'- oRaqluo
t
(1so.l sau!qj lo uolm ulu p xa
:tuvau)
uo ua pas'q
1tou
uo,ut.la
uo
wolor
''Padso4a.tul
9
(P fio ra' 01lfl)lli!
tua1 s! cr2lqn putt p'ot {as b u pqn o tq apou
anooB .kap t s.!lDeg tru , lo oBDa! aq al'pald.li)
rr8lu Euapnts adD.salbsuoaa snorqo ttuo
lnoqrm urou'd auunat 3uu.9 t ur qrus :su'au)
'fitiu!
S
(aM,
aqy.sap ot pasn sl puo fia1U fpa :tuDaw)
'8ulots nlq
,
( etollpuox l1raa
-tDdat aqt [q punaq ar]/taqo at saa18Daq :s Da1a)
'- ol
Pa!4ns

(Pasv'lanDq luPtnqn
aq 'uo&nar alnulu lsvl s-1qtlnoqqn :tuDaw)
...atsrtuoql...e
( ua{o arnb suad.Ioq uotl'o saq :tut aa)
-9ta1q04
I
('0r d gl) sramer.
'dno$ qJEa u arua$as pnrr aA .roFq ua^8 ac
sartoqr aql saarlt olu p.dnorB e]t suorssrdxa.ql

esrrrexfz l
oJ?a ,1 u::s ^Irep 4 nluo ue3 ca ar{] Jo .snEl
aqJ, '.quex. rtqt8us Jo spunos aqr Jo 0t e)ueluas
ur uo!"Jo[otr uor$odard r Jo .tdruExa r,." sr araqJ

(ro|ds))
uoplsoda.id
:.roqdercuryu.rorp1
; uonero;1or

IEetr spunos asaqt Jo uorrqJunuojd ,quaprus arp sr

'sproa r.qro q mq ,{.qr
{u-rltr ieql ploa aqr uaop
rtta ptnoqs oqa 'rnoqq&.u raqr ol slooq rler!
uI ssrurluas aql Jo euo ^"s or sornr ln r qE1 <)1usql
Is" $aasu" ralr! papaqr r^pq sru.pnF 3qi DrJy

L JTINiNC

ll a 'brFudrlti.md. larbn
,'-?her rtr.lu:dsepirnlrd. t i|l.h

forms1cep.toel
Contractions/weak

l, hj:!e vd.msam\.ri.
7 i riskeold.dina.k speklrd

a/r.t: iheF is no L.\icrl of nrlclLml liih belween rhe

skillxnl &c 1\o locllbula|) erer.ises 1he nrcusoi
ettendonshouklbe on r|e (erk tor.s xnd conrrrc

// we.warulasmrt

2.3Exercise

a[,.*,*,-rr"",

lnn$ed wordsand!y labes

rs opposed to a s-vl
Englishis l sucss-rnnedl.lngLLtrge
l2Lrlclimcd ll}Lguige Ihis .rexns ihat rhe stress..L
.rl
i,
,.\l.JI,
rrr
|
messlge) and thc non-strcssedsllhbles lxve a n'exk
p(xrunciaiion and get sqlrashe.lt()g(rlicr This .etr
rcsult in some.rnezing sorLndsrlur seemto bear llrtie
rL'htion 1othc written q oL.d.illrd sorneimesmake
srudenrsltel rhar rlre! are learnnrgr di*cr.nL lxn
g|(lgel

2.I Exercise

El n:

Ino cr Loger acrossdre idea of.h1thm, snessxn.l

tnning esl(sru.lcnlsto s.y rhc lour seniencesatrhp
rop olcB p 106.]\5lhc sllhblcs !1 the nxnres
.
. . 1 , . , . . 1. . . od.f to try to keep dre brs(: rhtlhm oi d1esentcncc.
Isk studcn$ ro retrdrhe eTlxrltion ot this in
ljlal.thc casscrlcoI thescserre loursenren.es rn.]
xsk snrdentst{) rtpcxt cach onc.

2-2Exercise

l-a-ln+

lisLcn to llLc sevefree. sente.{:esii R.cor.lirg 1 .nc1

2sk sruclenlslo refeat nlrai thq h..r.ftcrcach one.
Thc liD ol lhrs exerise is to lrxlr. Lhcn r$rrc 01
hos,Ihc pr.r\h.iation of insignit'i.anr$orls ln e
scntcnccch.nges ir orderio a..omnr.l1r. Lhcslgnil
i.trnrar s. Discussrhe.lifterencesbeR'een dr.
i'erk fonns an.LLhcsanrc$ords ir r|--ir h'll tbmr.
'Ihe sentenccsuc showr hcre h ph.rnet,ctnnscdf
tlon a' = folk^\ing sr'llxbleis si.essed).
1 rtsg.n.b,d,fLk.lt.dur
-l arwazw3rtrl.z'htlazpDs:)bl)l

7 0.mcn.lin,'lnau
a d. filn sloxs.t'nalroklok
9 we.dzaij.i I k^mfmnr

],1

6r ns

iat hrppens Nirer conrxc

Rccordingi ill$t|xics
tion ofsyllables takespla(c in spcech.Senlencell ls a
$ on.lerJirlexxnrpleof |his.
]\sk sludcnlsro repert nlrai thcy hcaf xtlcre!ch
one rnd rhen sriie tjre scrLcnccdox.n so drey cxn
check rhev hale hcail cotrrctl). Enc.ruragesludenis
ro cDjoyrhese.onilr.t(!1s (anf cncou ge lhem Io
use thcm r\hen sperking nomalh)
Th senlencesafe shown hcrc in phoneijc lran-

.t rLlbi:l* spens,v
< wtkodalglnLe't.
5 hrl3dnev.rrv sedoor

a i trdr!bJnadrzorsl.
9 a r n ^ s t . v bn m e d

Vocabulary
Idiom/metaphor:water (cBp.t05)
I1)ou xJedoing this (xc(ise di.e.rly rlier listennrgt.)
tr.d tractisnig conlrxdiors rnd s.k ionns. pxy par
ti.!hr aocntiol ro rhe \rry the st!.]ents si_vthes. scntences,cncouirgifglhem ro sperk thcn *ilh nllLtrrl

2.4Exercise
Thc crpressionsrre grolrt..l ni dlccs - lire choices
xrc gilcn bel.\'ilre thid scn(cnccin cec 1g(r1t As
rre quklng Lhrougltllris exercise,discuss
5ILL.lents
someinncs$hc(hcr there xre snnil.r exprcssbnswith
simild ncanings nr rlten onn hnglxge, rd.iaho ho$
rptrot.iale LLc) ltcl dte idion is Whrtvisullnnagc
do thev ger lionr Lhccrp.cssion'lor e\a'nple, nr sen
tcncc 1 \hxr n'rs dre ainosfhcrc lll<crt lhe pifi)i
,,lrsa?/s (CB p 106)
2 ..theth(plun!,c..
J . tet.ffstudn1.
L . .t d1@ tt the.ce.tl/

ftt
'8urul]JuJ =
i_i_ari_
rEqr stuaprl]s Aorls or st asrrraxr srqr Jo u'e aL[

9l lEl

esr)raxll

'uorrrrJN.Prssrrrsroj .$)Dx. FurBnr . si srql .sn

:Flijutr
u
paryrrar
su.u .rll or ssJrr. .r'rLI noI Jr
'srq?qBuru:rsllpoo8a^rq or slurpnrs
aqrurPrlIIA slrtJ rrrlr.)lroqsro e)uJlu.sr ulrJl
spro,\ p.ssrrF rno Srrytrld uo Suqro^\ sanlunu.rat
r pu.ds 1uoorsstrrqr ul prsn sr repro)ar anassr.)
aqt .u!r rir.^. ::ruJad to rq x sp..u Ltrlsslrlt
'spJo^\piss:ns rol u.rsl or pJ{srl
8ur.q.r]r i)qt dqa tuptsrrpun l)qtr"qr os 80I d trl
Jo dor aqr Ir qdedErxl aqr pr.r or >^tlrapru>_:lsv
Z r:l.hq)
Suruarsr'lurruop )rod aqr uojJ uo s.\olt,)Jsrq.L
3u u?alLr3u la uor
u are sproa passa4saq1pe]]odu aoq Mols 01,
UIIV
'.rpruJo.urqt
iuo :lAlrrp.u
Al:ftbttu.ttrat
'srsrrPror.l
rrsa?
s{au
t
r./a?sr7
'?lpaui ittt \'$.u 3qr:4r.,/,rr
aqJ

(gotdel) Sulueeur
= ssa.rts

aur ) ratD.J.{opD.Jo 8
6p4.a) sduots [o4oo.tD I
pDalqla./aato 9
(sDuDrQl 'srasnou 'suLa!)
srasst.s
satot'.h.u".lo
t
(:sr]lrs
sDxoaFln 'euaurq 'sauao;l!. S sprD /b FD.la ,
AOOtnuotJo.)toon'SuLLtsb aqa t
(aldoad'sIa4.) slJupuaq 's.latnotffa qx1t1t.to Z
(p1a3'Ltol!)ai'p.ae '.lDasIo.trqo r
(iOI o gl).valrlst'

''.tr.,{,r.

. u,.r':'-

(suorrDpBJlqrssod

't

.,

"rl
DqFqa 'suoqs.S8nsarou.{ur ppr or sru.pn}stsv
asrrraxl9 z

( ry8naq sDqraaolsn. aql p qr ut sButql ld -,

sdaqsu! pasn st puti )yswld.k, n.Jod utqr lo apDru
:sauaadoltl) ap 'sa4pr 'svujlsps 'sta.,nsJbqpq D ar
( 4ltut1 puD pool,Ltlrors
hl pasn'dot a.rt uo s.!D[.t1,n ua{a nea .!auDr.o.
prooqptDr l 9nsn '8Lto4so snuradn A .p '41!tu
l sta4.ttd Oe .to or ulolua. tQ.{.qat l pt on elqn
s.uar9Str lo uaw. o ptio - \D11 D?D oz.k pql'.l

auo retr s.tF1D!}!. h ta4.D.l a uaanJirq nua

ra{ljp ?c!tt a tulad) sa@rr.'p'ura)Ja uouD.D Ll
aa.tn1ra .11so1.1
'paan sDakl apDLutuq atuot D :\2!Itadar.I)
lb
lb
'sanuora
'.F 's.t!1.rt
41lu \-ua4.tt3
lo a1Dr. o o I
'n1
loq puD .Ja!aqt to st 11.|rql )lt1P,u aql ul hPm
sl pq raLtl]t1Lrcrpu11o| L 'poorlJb ap9u ,r1:Du
t,j-to :saluadD.tt .p 1!o'aulrt ra.).lla talol.t t1 6
( ].ak1o auDs aql rol uo..
,IDsthq vS, aqt t a1q1:\t).1sD3ua1sDra/ t al
ua. aq atuasad or npo 4 pal,as s! 1! '|D1atuI.)
apDu saluadu.J) ln 'saLtlplos ap. '.lno:Ia u!]t I
(.)lts'tl
u.ln pu D 'sp!nb1|4.!q]
rD a..]rnuaqrra./b.tru
u1a111o1
01pasn uauo.tautaual Punat ttaap:salu)
.lo1tl) na 'stultt1tqta, '1aoa.t.a.D/ Jut"dJb ptl D t
( izaanbs nol Qtqt] )ttso!4
'1au1Dtu..u1q SuotD \irya
ra IDtatuths lo apD1l1
.Jt'O ,a'anF'a
.I ataruoj '.tsnlqpalJb.qu D 9
('7ut.lt.q ro asapau. 3u1u114u.)
7Dqpdrd 10 .4sDfi pasat. ltDlts D :zlLzr|ar.t)
na '..nDs alDuo! ,o8ns latlutot!: [a pQDs o 9
( lrYalru uaaa q?,ntr {o a?Du 8oq aStol
o:sa laddd) na tnoul \1t1o'saarDtdlo4.rso ,
I rusDtl.to.o]od fuD LtlqtJa.pptu :et ad.nd)
rta'\24tt[1!ro's1111.\1q's.1p1D3l.lb
].4.f.1 D
('P D q!:n ua4o
apDu IID^1 ^au
lran poon o p'oq*D.
]b
's.rpp '\2tt4D1u
salotooqr/a
xaq D a
!a.lu.t
na
( s.tPuDq tnoqlril
puD ssad{o apDu '!aul4Lto. Paqlnatu ryLn D
.t
,o[',, \
.
r
'
.
)
J
.
J
'
t
o
r
.
t
,
.r] t-' / . ..t,
|
(i0r .l st) sla/,?s?rti
..ra sr rr n'q.\oq
to .pru! sirl rxqa
- nnlr)un?]uo. rllt saBradordlrqa aPtnrrds ot stu:p
9n ,a.r".,'..\
r'r't! J
J\.

asDraxSs'z
,/^e/s.rauoq.I s! Jo, SurruLlou
rrrls rjtrur isuroJ rya,!
ord rn
$urpnrs
nrql
{r
srqrop no.{Jl
uo +oaauop r^ul n.,ir.I..snrx.

:l.re;nqeror
Ootd gl) sJauretuo)
lerrad5
'suorssardx:
rsrqt lo uour.rotdxe
ir0 purtxr oi r.trc ur s.ruauedD pues8urte.Jl"oos
r.d n:r! .trqrrruoi or sruJpnrs
ls uolssnrsproc
' qidapltu.krto'
'
pu?
nqt
4aap
iD ul Lu).]!qt
'[,tp pu, qqlc! '
.laiotn[a to qslf, a4!'
' ,raqa.j aqJ
h d,

a
9
t

51]|i14

LIsTEN NG

ll.
,I ot \ill*.
I d, -rl\.r
I Ll I
' .i .. \.
\. rt., r..
| - :(.
theseup into x short par.rg ph $e) nmsr nol
chrngc thc lorn or ordcr of lhcsc $ods rt xll
Nos phy rhe crsseiternd letrhenr see hoq close
the_\'gotin tlicir prc llstcningtesk.\ihcr ili.fc
.rc .liffcrcnccs.rsk (he stu.leillsto sa\ \ltcthcr
Lhcyrrc hnportilr'trones \v.rs rhe mrin mcss.gc
nill intcrpeted co! e.d)t
'_
lr,
'i
1"'
'
chomlly. ofixking iLin tl'rns to s1_v
ir to dreir
neighbour.Encoumgcilre stlr.lenrsto beet ti111c
\idr the stfess.as the_rF1Nl.l s'irh nNsic. i th.!
can rcrll! fecl lr. Thc c\1n.1(u bc found in thc
Tfpescri$s. CB p 220.

EI

3.2Exercise

D'

Tlic sLirdcntsarc going Io lislcn to lourncws itctrLs:]n

eachone, rhe studentsare llsieningf.r dre stressed
(ods sjrldr s'ill li! m the bxsisofthe nrftmrainni
benrg conve_!e.I.lhe.refcises nnn'e h l dcp b
srcp prrgfcssnrn:fir(. (tic stulcnts ktroN \\hich
wo s thclilrc li(cnnrg lbr bc(r usc drcl ffe gi\en
thc gaps lo lill inr sccond,llLc lranscrlfl is gircn bul
'l' l\
( ' ,.
'r
'|
i.
gilen xnd studcnishxvc to niie donn onh.thc
sffesseclnords.ahich b.ings ihem bx.k i() $hxt they
n'ere doing nr rxefcise 3 1
Thc firsl c\Lr.L is \\.ittcn ni thc Cll wilh lhc
.,s. I -lr
-.J,Lr. Ll.I lll. I
ir rs rirey x lisreningro rhe crsseue (1he flrll
'lt
,'l
'rll,.
'l
he se.ond itcm is wriLrcdout ni ftI in thc CLl.
.. J-1
I
I
ll
r |
;,
the stressedftris Thc t.rnscdfl is gncn bclo$,
sith lhc stfcsscl pdls oflhc sucssed\\ods
'
'rl r:rrl.
.
|.ir
nl:
scnLcnccslrcss:il thcsc \!,r s rrc idenlilied br
'''
r'" 1 ;
p' _ 'ro
{'.J
llesti(n, blrt point out Lhrt thc-v.rc noL$ stongl-v
stfi:ssedAsk ilrem to fud the extrct xl()Lr.l,rs
rbove, xnd dren tryreading it ri the sxnretiilc es
'lhis
dre ro,.e on th.'.essetie
is difr'icultLrutlirn
ItiI
=r
Ll---:
!!!cleef !!t!er st.Lidl 11cr. dis./or"./I!!lcrl2!.
'lhe
4!!ident, $.hich s?s !q! nix.lc !!,!ltll. rL thc
!iue. w.s lirtsed (hen n pAe b!!!! nnder ptr!:
sufc lnd !!Lio !!tlvc'!e4
cs.rP.r.l nno dre
p.L]!! Thc q!.!rL !q$n .,f thc .vrlilr]r slpe^'isor
....r,.,.."
r, ,j
t...
Qr($icDs abo!I lrueol sillell snnd..ds rr
Usllabexch rre m be 7?'i., in !4lldmeni tod!ry.
fof the lxsr t\ro ilcms on Lhcrco ing the slLr

[:]

.lenrsh:LVero s.ire donD onll the srrcsscdqrrds.

F.,

..-

,..

d1,

cln rc.mstiLrct Lhclrcms liom dteir \ords.

(Thc srrcssedNords r.e undeflined herc there
mi) Neli bc soDrediscrLssio.!s to qlrethefrhe
r o ( l s . o n f a i . p r i m a N o . s e . o n d a r ys e n t e n c e
lliirin is in d4nger of bL'cor1tr1gonc of tlic ls$
rd!44ed 4{iors. lc!!!ling
1o e lcnbr bllcnlis
'ihe
s.ientisi$tnr qqto !!J thar Lhc(ounl+,s
edlr!4tlon sNem no llqg.f !]lllchcd thosc in glE
iinentll lqope end.I.!:l!t 2n.1,Lnls!! thc gqlc.n
.du!:ttjon. q,c s!.Ll c\!!(
ro see r l!!rlliol!sn!!y
dcclnc n rhc ( oDting I!it!.
B.q!!.!gof Lhc lqccnt l!!!!) I]r!, llqtding is
.rusiig p4blcnrs !r ljr! l-vingscrs and rsidcnts
rre berig x.Lded ro ls4E dren hom.s as !!!qas

3.3Exercise

lEl ne

Rcc,rrdjfg E is tr nr.r e{.act hlm die radb .lesc.ib

irg rb-- leelingsola nremberoffic US xmcd f.ofccs
1 fi6t pla\' lhc cllft(t rll dre Nr! ilnorgh so rhe
stldents crd gct x tr{rglLidc! ol \\hur ii is rbout.
Inl
t.
plxces\rhi.L mat need to bc.rtcnlc| so thlt thc
silr.lentsc.n n dte .lo\\ n lhc slrcsscdrvords (Thc
s or CB p.220)
txuss atu nurkcd ln Urclnpc(i
.J Ask snrdenisto .onipafc \lirt thcy lLlvc $!(cn
doNn. andllren nr pens buikl uf lhf st()rynno
complerc senle.ces lhen \ersn)ns.en then be
conpoad ro rhe orig al on rhe .xsseffe
,lrsu?ls (cB p.108)
t)ct? .uz r' . tttt.t'eet.. !!!eph.ti1t
4j4.nc
sr.^s ..
duhallljcalh
. Larple hedt
h1.. itlLCilk'g,ass?.tj!tj!ng azot ..eLkes..!tt:tt1
laet hill
thick. . L)itiuil-r . one):ad
len ?ass!\\.
i!]4gr1e !!4\tin\ tl)rn!:h . ttl tt!a!t!!.
,a l..1,"-!. L,.,,,'
J,, 1'.1,. Lt
a!J4zd1 ntan ... d:+. anePdtrltl
eqtil.rscc c!j:\tkr1 . eres . ea.b itLli!!!!:L!.tl . bide
... rtoLnlt .t!t!!Ler h i.le .. 4tlxtls
na tdl .t!!!JuLL.. all scdrcd

I vocauutari
media(cBp.t09)
Topicvocabulary:
Possilte procedllr' ask stlrdenisLohrr. x i ninNLc

l!l
Pry ttatluo :padrl zt
a4u 'asp 31!!qptuos.uDp s,11i,LtslJq
:ttlt.t:u 1! II
lqrLt sru l tltlsDq ]!tur tqnn.qt at
l,Ltptptbql tDqt p\41tuJ :pa D.5
tn. srtn I uaqa pauDt Lt0 tDqt atq^\D4 s.t1 rt!3nu a
1ttai I tta!3t!!i3./3u1tLtt1
1uI :31t1,[ /
tutu3touat,., uairat a los.!Dlutr,l tlt.l:ta\ad.lits c)
PulusnqtDrs.aqlnq4ulq q 11!ap1!t1.1:pu14 a
qtt:lI ttnt:qt6L
attl.ltou :.pqi1 t
9 alq at lau :.4-tq1 z
uoerdnDtto.Juo ua sDttaqhau4t :aqs I

tzr r d s ))srar,-rry
lt).Iour
jtu'aqs' tq,\ ro .Jopq prusuaaqsq nxlr .^prl
srqlseoparuir[ru']rsrrq,\ 'pessrlsSurrqsi pro.(
q.rq.{,ilnu.tr ot sruapnts
)sr pur 0I turDlr.r trrt.

0NE

ssrrlexl z t

> p u e ql e t
r.q qiru )prrs8u)tr$r.q dLl pa)J,cl ^prLplo aql
JooPtrroij.qt Pasottr.qs uoo' aqlrlataqs.Li!y al{urur.'rr-) Luc .,
raqJr.r r JourlurJt Jo r.q.trrt ' !r.\\ .rq nrl! r}rJ
aql ^r,!iJ,rr o1ser]s rsn no^ ol ,\\oD uoptrcl
ur Suhrt reqrr.r u|ur.:) | srr\ tr.sojfl pn?q]It{
ranlorl.Lt r ur :8pdq ){r ri^., r\.U {)III
'||||
.rrnb aar sarlt,qt\_od.rIJo rluos 8u{Idlu .c i.qr
pup spr.t
nrq.{ radr.tlJl or nioqqFltu rltlll tsuDlsrr
's.rlr.rurs iur.rol
nr.raJJlpol ssarts.qr Soljoru
'"1 .
,. .'
d/.,'lr
r
J
U
.
lr
r.DXt <

'' t1o
P.11-u1t :
su13.qqt,tlLtotsxfi :?lou)

uoP.qtnal '
...Ltoa4rt.

('t! 'ltltu
au uopu:nDp
ua4.Da L,l
Lrcp33t
t! uo.JaaF

9
:(
,
I
a
I

p Dotq/utaqs aq ot = ua.q ol
1sD.
|Lliq loult?tuat - 3q1suo q.lloi oj
1144ua at = uo a4Dtol
llLtappl)s.toat)aua.aq o1= aua s u.ulnopol
t.a[os.s,)tBunlolnD ant ol = ro 4.rt] lDl.,
31t1.t
Dp 8q!.s ep aI dna s aur-tflDLta a = uo )Lto s 1n'aol
ua1e.aP,
t1t14Duaok, tq;]t1t.t)uoraptsm.oi :3U s lto.laatso)
:apat...lpt n 4.DnD.! = aua s uo llrn! a]
0I L! 1) svrrrsrF

asr)Jax3
9[
(t | | dgtr)elpaL!:au.taql
(2, ,uo, :suoDEurqtllotrqJa

'Jir tr ot suorJr3r u{o reLtr lrqapur sa luno) rl:q]

(r rrrTd sr:tr. uL_rtx!.norlopu,I srqrrrqr)qa snl
rIIl suoEsanbtnr or nlSu r.\1]{ tlpru )qr pq Irqj
rEl,roq ssnrsrpor sru.pnrsI\. ..\ror._
Poot . rat
ot Dpro u' 'luurttfs ')rr^rrd u s.rqi.il! !.rjo,!.^
npau aLIr,\oq u., sesnrl (0II'd ttf) uoou'?trlLl

,J

l]p r UJI\ p.r.tt..q

q l, .6:

'prss)rts sr p!r{ ruar.l

si txqt nln,r:,,r
,.r!

rrnr f.^.,\uo.
ur

aslrJaxllt

6rlEl

't l::)rd
ll
ur.uof ]rqr u(4 uo sao otr.nlEqr stqrttl jro,$ rql
'!o I soo ensnunueol parlLlss ssrls urlt
P. r' o "q ro
s8urux.ut nrarr lp Ia^uotr
U|r snf.{oq puB !_saqsJo aruxlodut r )rti uo sI sn)ol
orcru Jrt.l s.sDra!. ,!irlnqrtro^ o.\\r.\r pue llr{s
aqr ua.,{FqIUrr ltmr.nrlsro JlrrrrJJou sr.iiqr :,7r'r7

(z| |'df,)sseJlslnsnun

suors.SSnsroj 'II^ a8rd r.s:suoEsanb tuaJJnl

''
pa
lutsuD-urauo rtd-t.) tsDrplt.jt.t Ot
(i
p?1mo airis iu.tlD.lapu
tDDtalnuo
' '.tDas.n!D1.os
I
' '/).$!q
!
9
,
ss.1td.t4tt13
aqt.n tDllouDeos
splatqq
' 'lnaln..l

''

'

''' sat.,!t
.tat.o]at9
1trtsaapDa.t.tauot)ott1..t11

t
a
l

(n)Ld nt) sralszr

asrrraxlt
ssqtr.L! u, ri.hds \i.u rr.^rrq or 'sa*rr aerosut nD
r.uts . pur trpi poots| .q irl:inu rI !_ui3lqtrd.{.!E
lu'se\r!,p 'irrFq'rro \Jo rlupq aL! rt )@tuaql
'orpPrpur ]\r_ro ss..rc.i!
Fqrr. qrl\ palrl)oss? ,{nil'rlDo1 rlu'r uo u.(nsu'Prl

-l

L I S T E NN C

13 unLlestand: bLn!ou.1i.1111,ubicb is a bit .lisap

pDintins
11 t.)u:Ia.,stlt
15 true / .liri Promise .l.nt s.tne, bur lau le not Eettiltg
an:l
gl.tes.I lostn!
16 lmbrclLt: t.1i.1nt k^e
umhrclla .tou'ue gat it"t!
brcng.

4.3
Exercise

E nrr ff,f;iiXl::fi:i*i:f:",i'SJ:\ll:,;:h

No$'lt is thestudenisturn ro respondro a stunul|Ls.

.oncent.allngon sbessjng
lhe apprcp.iaten'or.lior
:.,-^ oR- wJrC
rll..1
nl.
c_''
ercl one savthe seniencegiven on CB t.l12
Anstue$ l.C1lp.IIz)
1 r.trc' is stressedto conti ddict 1rcllalone'
2 'one is stresse.lto c.)nl1a.|ict 'turc holXllls'
3 John ie stresse.las it conret's neo infom.lhon
4 hne : is stlessedta in.licdte lhat JD terc proled
riqht (seesentetuces
tt) dnti 12 tu the?1?ri.)us
5 f is sietsed to contradict 10
(; 'for'(itCdli)t,nia)
6 stresse.l.this is.1n sd&qer
ation a.fthe natloal4i stresse.ls!|lahle in the urrr.l
7 ll]as'lsshessedbindicate tbdt tberehale been
v'ne cbanees {pktn
8 her' an.l 'him' are strcstedta canbddi.t the
speaker u,ba got the people rhe ulDnf] uay roLn.l
9 Cdral an.l t are nrese.lto flake clear bha tbe
tu,afeople inrolued are; shitt' is strcssedas a con
tmsl h thePreriousl! tnentio ed \kin'
| 0 'helPed'it strese.l; this canstru.tion is a hit
itlioriatic but is use.1&lat in e|eryda! sPcechta
shoa dLraPPreral, .lisapPointtuent dbout some
thilEJaililrg to baf.Pen (seesentatce L)in ?rcli.tlr

Vocabulary
ldiom/metaphor:adjectiveand noun
(2) (cBp.I r3)
collocations
lf]-ou do tlis erefcise aftefthe Rork on slrcssan.l
unusuaLstrcss.make sufc the slLldcnrspur equal
strcsson thcsc adjccdve{oun collocrtiorr. (SeeCB
p..10for a.ljecrilc :rnd norn (ollocations(r))

4.4 Exercise
Arsaas (CB p.113)
2 . s?itting...
3 . . s p o t.

Iss

,:,,

5 ..uxh|ul..
6 Cheque-baok
7..insi.Je
heated
8
9 ..small...
rO..soft .

askstheor to makc up a sho dialogueillusririig

one ol thesecoLLocatlons.
Thc.c is u c'xmrplc whrcrl
.\:..Jri-Ir 'P.1,..
rla,.-i"
'llyhg lisit' to show thcrn wh.rl lo .lo.

Verbcombinations:'about'
Theme:feelings
1cep.tt+;
4.5Exercise
,lasir"/s (CB p.11.1)
1 ro tne:s dba t = to ?lq)/jrn be serhts
2 b set6 bal n stw = tu bc{liil to .la s'tbll
3 to hean.thout - to s.tl/t.lh aboll
I tu bnn|.tbouts'thU = to cd se
i tagetabout: to hlorelBlktra!)el
5 ta sce d b.ut s thg = to an'ange JAD s the te be done
7 tunaseaboll - b lake aDintercst in s thgthdti,
,at toLo oltstness
,nlesst)
I to haDg dbafi=hu,dil
flrst. xsh LhcsrudeDlsro inrgine the sinuions/peo
ple in1dve.1in rh. rbove senknces.Then ask lhem
to look at the illlrstr2tios on Ctsp.114.urdro milrch
Fa rlr,,ir
I.o3 - o ,lhr"-tJgF
Vlxch fcclins would be approp.lxie iofe..h sen
Lcnccin Exercise4.5?(Sorneof rhe iielings might
app\ to m.,re dur one senren.e)
Possibleansuers t.aB p.111)
Sentencet: initation (wL! c.1nbearitnt theroice
'just eat
)oLrf.bd')
SenteD.e2: entb sias,n(be&.eDtsrc6!keeltot
tloillg tlre nett thitlg)
n.e .): beull.lernent (tbe liste er.d111Jblbuthe
5e17re
Iine of tlxcussio dt.llD
Sentetlce 1: depressioli (obriausb, tlre.ontin e.l criti
cisn aas .lepressr 4l)
Senrence5:.[nLshatia]ttit nust be rcn.ltf.l'i.ult to
haL\?lott ,1obi|iry stof)f).i.1sasuddenl!)
Sentence6: strcssbueruDrking can.ause th6)
sentence 7: etspic iatT(the sPedl]erbeliet,esth4) alp
beingspie.l.t1)
Sentence8: borcdant(hemust l)e b.|cLl. he'.'beql
tberc.lbrtro hotus)

;lqj{.u!r Ln ur u.tLl rilsJrp or sutru' .{ro.Llrcs

rtoquorijd or. l6urqriluos uo s,o'Irdo to sx.pl
rau i)prsuor or rulll"ul| ..1 or) .pulu Pasoi.)
r arul or) ,P:punu .\o dllr J.lol. (i]dleq JLII
FtIp Jqr 3;]'{Ialqord nr q]]r l|.t Pur sruJD
'!tln.Fro.\ itl qn onll or-) z
lns.qr
ut\
Iueq
.srrr'linlbapr('r uo paslq
'.uo.lqrr'lotr?.Tun ux,\lllrpr.]s. plrrlJJol.q
peulloj uoruldo ut. s.{xsLqrul}.p ifuotrrlp
ruo : :rtpnlaid, lo uoPru\r:p rrr! sllrlmr- lsY i
:_(lni uo uolssnrsrP:rl1
Surnp dn .uotr r \"q nlbru 'irlq { Jo .rtos sr.a qns
,iuxu tfoqr plloN.qr ur)Jltnl.,dl.i lol'r st.J-)IIJ

(s I der) erlPn{ard
rtdol
:fuelnqero,t

aet"q"rol
's.q nt3{ rqi !o .iJi \ ,t.L! rr.q or
JI
.L.p .q uiqr !t snrrlnrs .rll'rfurluor )atl .ql
rqr LLilJr.Ll srq e(o,\ra.lt u.q\
!
FL suoDsaBn-ns
uaPtrilr !r sr.!psi!.qr spro{ aqr
.L:,rtri.srrrqr lFu plrs.q rqilN rPII.\ rrlprld or
srurpnrsrqi :{sr (p.pr'.1\. a.Lor r\tq III\ rl)rq -/
asr?d LIrEan: pur'I u. srsnxd nltl. sr\ rdD.LlJ- a
irs llliru Prryrq sBdql
'pue.<(lnr
aqr.lo:ruros1rprd sll{.l lPr.u.B $
nroqr ,trourl1.Ltr)Itrqr.,o.\oq jpxa'fr \3llr lrtl.t
dnorE p sp ssl\rslPu.L! Plfoqs.bqJ isrJ].:.
.qr ol uor.nporrq rLIrft)r ol dno'B.qr )lsv T
a s.'.ilF rril
sr rprp sr .q rou (uu pur olp rLIrro illtr.rlp u-Itr
uJr.t srq Bup.Lr.r stt.r) sclv:ruo.! 8u!.lJns sr orlt
ror:)r u. prxtl.u qrrl\ \.r!ra!r ur sr il bulPlorall

esDraxlz 5
(1ro'lrnuu1la. l Duautpt.t.) D) aplaq .arL ,Z
'ts.I
lon
ta
az
rup a.r s t.rt ;j.tit tnI salto aqr 4.td 1.rcP
a .s put stru nDts.-I
ta
pattuSp..al .q! tst | '.L'dpp aqi at.\11r.
oa
trq fl.t.qs lDqn ry3111)tlt,'Lurt
l.l.tls
.tDatt (al
+ s\al
Q.!...P'
aq.tu) s.tuaraq ,.sra]|Dq 4.lt uaq ,)bu aql
ll
a n u o l t u u u a . l u u . | | | P L n . 1 ) ) . u a q ] D' t . t t sl , I
[oljLutaallalu14 auc^) 11]naqD1).u
It.to1t.uLa
i a n w D sDtltI .. I taLt?.N, aqt i t al u..4 stlt)1I
'
D
d
\r t
I
'
rt tnrt
I
S
I
t q'ios oi;tun, stJri)q lDql 11P4sa.tat
,t
4.tjsah ta.'nl aIIslq qll:tt ap .t a.Latu

!N:rll5

's.ta
uor
!
aqt
ott11JJa
1! tI
!|irl,us
pa"l
.h Fat.n)1.!L1aI IDo alp sL!,l|rtt ).u)1J'td u! tnq. ZI
II
s.|1n!a//i) 1s!1.qtuo n)ajstrrttturrrs.taqia.nJ
oJ31t1o.'lou
Lut|oo ? t11M1|)aq
aI
.u n.a l.ltPrqnoIJi
6
.D|Dnsrtv'o 8
1noaal111
i
ltt
.t)b-ntlhtaulLtd
a.tt si ruoas aqtpuo bllodxt:)t stl s! tel aql
tl tturtD s;lulqtpaatlJnq a t.taqtasllr..L
9
,oI .D$q ]t lbLt4at t.3 natt,.lrt-latq tnq
erult tn aeqt DS
t t a q l P D ^ t o t D s l D l l t q ..-.
]t )urupn a!.laa.lPelto
a
/r.top ot .tl fnm an 11r4tlllo st..,1tD arr abqt
at aqt ut lntaqs st .|fulura stLtt) r
(tII d g)) sramsuoalqlssad
'L()uruoll!
PUE:_!Iorlru.trr )l
\ _ . s r r q d s o \ t r n t r l r P u r _t l a q . ^ t q . { a q r s : n l l
'ilJlro ilsroJlor a^rLlslu3p
.ql runolr onJr;JurIEr
nls erll qrrq\ s)trlarurs .l3fluro.ur o sarurluas
tsZ.rr )rIlI Zr bulplorru ol uarsl ol sru.p.ls I\i

zrtE

asr)r3xlI s

nxlr Sujllr.)ruosoP or Pi:{sir;ur.qrou Jr,\:rl nair

nn|s.i1r1\ rurts:rlt u rtroN ueuo ir.^sa5rn8u'rl rtllr
r$.qr,\orts or s! ;)8lnBuq rrllr or j.l.r ol LIJI tuilsP
.rotL(^_r ;)llf (.]dutF u.IJlr{dn Juotr or s.lnuu'
:q plfurl
J.)itdnor ?rot reqr.n_olIro,!\ ol P.Sixnoru.
qnnoqrlP
rirnSurl.rurs JII ]Pads .q t slu.pnrs..
'pllr^.q r.,u Inu slll dtror8 Ir)uru-ulnlu ! dI Fut
qrtq t
Iro^r.iE noiJI.itslor tlol ni\i sqr ut ilrod
.Sxntuq rr:lt ur saluqd.,o sPro{ lo saldu.ta iruos
..\Ji u.qr puri lrl d 1I:l uo qdririLard tlor.nPorff.qr
prar sru-)pr1rs
ral .rnrl'r {I.^. ulrursa'o sl qrlli,\
su.r.
ttqs uorrrrrunrtru,rr l.tu.,u rrs rrLp.rd or.lrlllqli

--.o
"a- o.-!
o9q01.
r as6oral nu.p.;1s
or p!! 3u!.E I !a'.]r'I5.n
.lE$ Jno
r.raJlns SOlv .)11r.{q
P)sf si b!'Il..tJo
'I
tatDtttq''
.F,l
.
o,'
\:\Csajtv qrr\\ uxul [ $al3u!ua$!7
SuqlE.tlo si?t :E,r/ /,,7r'7
).\PiLttl :4u! l t!1'rua qL

(sI r'd)) uo!11!Pa-o

[."-*r^re

5.3Exercise
I

theTho eh ls o/ Li.2t should be read lnd partjcu

laf xrLcnti(rrpeid r() the use of the un.lerlinccl
.-r,r. I.
.rr I,i .
. r
ll
r,
Nithln llic thcni. ofpreilrdi.e.
2 Alier rlc slLdcntshrvc disclrssed..sked qLres
aons..onpiue.L erpcrienccs basedon the iext.
ask thernto look fi the c.lrloon $hich is xn e\xm
ple of role relersal. Don r lcr rhc malc nicmbe$ of
the.lass sit ba.k rn.l think dLll scrisn is onlt
i'lrxtn.ornen experjence- it can bc prcLt_v
unplersant tbr men lo be oD dtc rcccnhg crd of
sex!alprciudi.e.
3 [!Lenc] thc .liscussioniun dren osn e{periences
,.r
l..l,.
rl.,|
t.i
ofnin)ns about prejlrdicerhxt ellecis other pro
tle's |ns.llke r;lcisrn.xgeisrn.crc
Current questions: \'ou rnly flnd that some of xllof
rlresequesdonshrve rkcr.ll bccn co!fed nr _vour
discussion.orilui studenc hlle ha.l cnough ofthc
nrbjcct fof tlic tnnc being. llnot. rrik restdcnlliar

6
7

ti
9
l0

surplTed ar shacked, ,aL .a n hadt! belierc it.

e.g. the il1crcase in tbepnce aJ brcdLJstallqe"?Ll
!be Rk;si.it7peoptu
ro.rcel - seeexdrnPleinCB.
tosttrll= to udlh in a rel^ed ftr$ian his|bl"
loued b! a pl.tce, e s along the be.t.lJ, tbroLgh tbe
tou . ?nst jre chllt.b
totidsLr= hrnteEli.kb,
h hun),.
ta cruul = se. era, LPlei11aB.
to 1M 11dt = to lL6 lh.11t l t L.l i17d c.tsl dl bdf , oftun
t 6)tinats wtldeL tber l1iotp dt:)tryrw dptdce,
?E m?Sodts trct den:.|oler tbe billsi.le.
tflaLu nind ar ))ourthaLghts1M17Lle/,
FtL stop

The be$ \aI lbr ihe studeffs Io prircliscthcsc an.l

D rc thc lxnguxgc conrc xlnc is fd them to getup
and peform one ofthe aciions in llre clxss.

Listening
for
(cBp.rr7)
Descriptive
verbs:walking
Riche.d.the AIDS ri.inn. usesI prrriculrrl,r sxd say
of lcscrlblnil his $nl home tio.r shopping J\e got x
scricsof$alls that Irn.blc io sit on to hale tr resr
belor I sldvlr' tz.4le home.

Tbe,l.ttic lh*: manc\

Listening text: |(nulnLg Lhe?ools.
t'o.dbttlto?: T\ personal lioncli S\r: nc$apapel

. 1c nen to nn extendedext.ac andbe abe io havea

goodgeieralideaofwhat t s nboul

5.4Exercise
,lrsz'efs (CB p 117)
/ to Umf= t. u:alk un(t\))tlr ot nith lilicuhr
becauseone o.ft.u r|iel or leesis h I o1.
It is not notmd ll.r used netaPhonctnu is d *'rb
2 tuslip = tt) .tc. ident.t lh, nLlt ,Jbr erd tfte alt
s/!au,.t b.tndtu sktu.
Ifsonlething slipstsli.les t t aJfltlce or o1i/o/
b.ltlslipped ktut1d
.fauthdn.ts...g Her *ne.i socl?s
:) t. tri?.ret = ta lrnck qdiust -\ tbg tril) rout libt
Dhen udlkiilg dnd as a r.s!lt -t.)i.tbseJ\rr-bdl
n..! and nedb ln akr
It h^=a siniln m&tl|ing.ts 'h nrnble tl)cJ)catl
both be ,se.l nlekQholidt llr to medn to hesttu|te.
.!.t. krkl slouet then lau u\ri r stunhletinf .Le r
t

,. rt1\

'gist'(cBp.
I r8)

.o1.,,1,

i,1h,

-..

..

a/ien usedJbllauenbr desctipliLe.tLllerbshhL

u cail)t ar \tlc J)
ttot e u1)sLed.lilylue to
5 tu stdg{ler = to u tllk
t s.nething stnqg.r's.rou, ittlnkes vL! le.lLel1

6.I Exercrse

E nr+

Ask sru.lenrsro.ea.l rh--rnboducior in dre CB l.

lle.ordnrg l/i En rasisedrat rheys'illheir the
n'hole nne,1.ien-oncel1loJderro get a generxl
I'nfrcssion You n'ill not be lsklngthem detaile.r
ltueslionsaiier re lirsrlisreni g.
...r.| rl,
.ri. ..
{.\,
-:-.J
(CB p 1]E)
Jrag?s/e.147?J?l]e/s
'.t .L.,t
,
1o,..1t..1.... r'ttD.. 2 Th?r tt both gipn up uDrk:tlr.y haueto be d bit
.drcfulu,lrn rq)sq) ohen the.fj? tctll othetPeoPle (fdiic uk,].t dhaur thi ngshat i ]u)olL)esperl.t,
,tg
the ll,is ensier o1r.
"tone.D:

6.2Exercise
'l

H nr+

his erer.ise mo\s anar hom listeningto.gisr md

rsks fd.lighLl)' nn)fc detailedlistennrg.
T.ll stLrdcntsLh.y efe going to hexfthe inieraies

t!:.
u r| , \

_
>1old qurocl!
. . , r . - r l \ . ,u ^ . r l t r . \ / ! ' o r u .
'' 1Li

ruos
quoq Pl' p.^lo4ur..tP sxarsruu!,jpelF)'os
,rold quoq
? m pr^loru arr sraF,urti\IrtLrosrqr .Tqrsso.lsi n L
.,\ar!Jtur
ur rnoqr ruelufHr ut ur pa4loauta'r:)t{{1:rIJ
turlrrrlu:rs
{ral aqrlo mo^rl ur .$ ruruFb'ru?u pioJ aqf
'alnrqJo aull
luo{ .qr or )J?q uNoll stq c{ 3qr ut lx.'aueoY
s33a'luru.r.ruo.
uoDEnI5_
aql ssnrqp or ra.u! or 3uro3.n: sJ.rsrul^l
'rrlj tr! uod rtul

tqrr.{ ar! (p.^\a!) pauuturu:u,t,{lo dnor8v t

'.rurtr rJo palj4uo) utaq

stq uos Dq/srLIasnJrqprunrs)r sPqr.ri_rurt!Y
lrrp rplrr. Jo Jsnptraq,{JSu"art asewdrl.qJ t
dn u,{olq u...t sELta8')trxd $ro,)Id$s y
'pasFlar ua.q slrq )FPlsoq
Y
u8rsr ()18uIoB sr Jrsturl^t .riEd a[L
'palltt1' la8 or:lurot sri.rs urtUv z
(s,:str {poqlu| tl)ts or r.,ro.l
:rlr r.ur\rrl i.qr) ssoqsI piltJNs s0rtuorun V
p.trP-J
a,\rLt$lp] rrr.d .qJ I
's..ueruas a.tdruor oru._aulpraq aqr rI o ol u.ql
)se or sr {Dr sl1]iur p.s1sr rr u.rtN :Frnati{.qr
or u.ddul urr rrqdJo suolruqdxi rll putrrsapun
,tflmrrp sruepnrsiqr rxqr.rns rtltur or lx.\ auo
vlrxi <
6II d trt uo pattol]uau ur^rs
.ql a)I suosir lo.snnr.q si rr saulur.rpo
"{J?l'r
qu.orJo asLl.itr rildu{s sr rr r^.tlD.uos pul)srJ:prm
ot ltntrUJrpuarJo.{r.^ rjp s.uttrr.q Fdeds$rN
'urdstoo.l s,r^xC put.Ds
Jo seau aqr S,.Jlrunom.
.urtprrq rtqlssod x saolls arualu:s.ldu.x. JLII
( 6 1l d 8 l )

.rededs,uau
:fuelnqeror'lerred5
seur;peeq
suorrs.t#nsroj !t,! .8ed ..s :suoltsan b NarrnJ
tptn ?qi u! apq aqr.to tulotl qsn aq 8
(stuatutrlsat [tqtuoura li4?an] Ltt 4.rq
ptod aq at seq q.Jqn lnatuaqnoI tbuou!.h &tns
, e ur.I Dsr.ataqtn Jtullt LutTua. o ar dn pai aql
oju! o;l o1non..o .t11o[gl4tna]jo '4uiq aqr qrtn
tuaalaalSD fq prq aq 4L1o u]r. slqt) Uhlpara uD I
1rrsu1 [q oputDutat aqt li,d o] aar;lD tutf Mql
puD t-ha aqr ua ltsodap r l'ld nal tslt/) tlsodap D 9
()ta.1o1
-1) as rulJrunorrlJua]a asoqta4, s..nas Puals
--t

sdludlol t,Dd not rr.tt aro saa/)LLeu rapad I

aadsSujpuadsaua03 ,
Gqap otu! ta' o1t(ea nar
st r! 'lLt8u osst p3p11qaql Mqtn) Fatu sPLrad4pu t
(lpltlpauut tuna..o Iupq rnat
a
lbluo eo3,{"ltou .qi.nbae o q|! )ylpr1rya)
(jua ttu.dar.JtEs! agL)1rotu 1,) uDal o I
(.6ll a $t sramtuv
rlul]q tu'?lnqPtro^aLJr
rio{ spro,slr.uor rQ rsooqr pFotls srutpnrs rtruar
uas aqr J., 8uru)u Jr! qr'{ 1]] r,uop r.ql 'tuot{
.r! .srr.xa sql uI s.sp.rqclput spro,\\ p.unFpun .qJ
asD.raxf 9
'ppq,txtnqro^ .ql q spDA 5qr ',{J?ss.rru
pur pu4srrpun sru.rpnrslxrll {)aq)

Jr'ultdbu..

(6tt.df)lauou leuosJad
:fuelnqelolrdol

aJUpaLuout gttq D ppq

putl 'dn p.oq s[Dn4Daran [aqi s{os ans )stpd a
.Bu1qj
a tu"li t, ut ..1rc a st 3111uu1nsl's aq a'l'! t
stlarDalarq lbqt puD ',tiuatu soc!aqt oq adod
spuluat 4 asnnaq ttlqoqotd - ngltoq s.eqss8utqr
a111aqt fioqD $oaq Luo. aqss!L,saqs- an'L z
[auou paLu'aun uaq9 ,(l!n8
| 'ta..
1 4 , \ t . . J a I l r o : 1 0 t . L ' t r aa . t o l ? r c 4
f "t
aqt pnluDa an,nolli XO s,Moq1sti,s ostpaqs
:[auou nto.lauaNa\lt V.lrtrDqr slLos
a S aruJ S
' r, )L^t' aDd orao.4.
't,1. ,
lltr.3
'thuau .t"q ua4 pDq
4 /i ltqt etjls oslD ans pu11
.r 'o,1. aott 4tb,t,,t d 4.t-...D.t.a'r:
. . . : , . t - 4 tr . n , p d o - , l , l . j r , . - t p _ 1 r t . . . a . .
q.ns pL! s.lD+ta4'a4oad laEo tDqr satdul! 1 q
'sp
liqi slbs a/L:^'aslp]
rraq!
anrq
alljrar
rstl1,
, . , , ^ . ! . 4 ,I t n a " oE r ,
' '(.'ttI'et'.t 4. '.4toul
nt.trtvo."tJ
nau4 qltu atkjom aq irqtn mary 1 op a'n aslrr

3utuarq8ul'apDa?Du,uun
'q.ntu aotsltn atlt lq.noqtaqptosanoq 41D.4L
(8II o trll MusF

(8rr d sl J,r

Gnroq aql rr qclurra aqr 1ertoot) rda .qr uo Pr?iq

{.qr rul \ o18rllx.Jr lq a)roqr rsll?d/r'rJ laqr
,{l!lsnlorprEdar.l:qrsmu Irqr rni'dnof llrtus Rro
.noqqFrru. rltra s!a,\sun.qr tduor urr IsrIJ
'3ururrsl
pFoqs,{aql
'lot 'luurrsl
.qr r.tst
arr ,irqr .lnl,r $roDsanb

arr -{rqr nnIA aou) iirqr os 'suf.q ..lxr aql lrol.q

rsrg suous.nb rslxc/an'.Iaqr rr rlool or uaql )lsv

9N N!19rr

L STEN NG

H nrs

6.4Exercise

7.2 Exercise:secondlistening

Sugqeste.lafltu)e$ (.CBp. l2O)

1 Gale desttul,s thausdnds aJ h"e-r in S ttrybnA
2 Santd )Uonteq. PlesXlent to Lisit ,/lrgentitu
3 Neishbolrs searcb.lor inissrlg ox/brd boy
1 Ceasefirc btoken dotrl1; JiBht iDg is Jie're
5 D6nnt N bi Br.l.il?
6 l.indnce Minister s.].ked arer intekst tates
7 too L{edLli SaLnhAJncan mlne egtoston

AsL sru.lenlsio iook xt the hexdiqls 1or whichrhey

'l
havc ro find iilormrdon. hey i'ill need l() $aile thc
headingsdown in dleir own norebooksas therc isnt
fum in fic CB for dre rns$ers. Someof the inftnnr
rion has ilrerdy been iilled h for somc of Lhchca.lings.
\-arD rhe students ilut the nrforlutnrn thcy a.c lis
tcnlng fbr is not ne.essadlyin d1sanc orclcras thc

If .youhare acccssto Inglishleugulgc ncwspipers.

b|nlg ln $nc xnicles wirh the hexdlinescboppe.l otl:
ask srLdenLsro srggesi headlines,ard see hon close
(or norl) rheyge o dre original
lf ]-ou rfe i o.klng in B.ftain. rou cin do a simila.
exefcise$'ith ihe ndb or TV ne\as.ni lhis cxseask
ing fic siudentsio predicl lhe headlires for the
stdies n'llich will appear in dle loll.,wing dat s

Listening
for information| (cBp.t2t)
'fbetnati. link:.Ntratuacntal isnrcs/inportn(e ol
mone! for.lclcloping cou ries.
,,iaerrirg t?xa thre. counLrics.
L
..
t..abulat
^
n I 4, Fn I ',

l ').l"
l. .ru o ! ' ll
stu.lentstrne Lonrrtc.
(CB p.l2l)
Ans:,Jcrs
Locdt id, In.liarl Ocean
ongin:;/c tlllre af /hePeo?le:Ard bs,N aD.l SIn.li.tns
sourcesal itlcone: Jisl'inq dnd tt)u]$nj
In uhdt cottexts dre theJblhlriltg cou ntnes me1]
Paftugdl: ruled ilr 171hcentlkar
- tsitaitl: islandsue)ea BilXh ptutectorateJdr 70
)edts untiL 1965
' .lnpalt d'1d.\dudi tltubi 1:girett aid
hldia: tushed recent couP
f-iSSR:
offercd tu le.tse Gan tsldndJhr I tS$1r1, b1n
tuntd them dour|
Paliticdl sJsten: hds d Presi.lenl
t the sea |e.'el is grddually titing
ii) dnnhing uut et is tu tl.tlget aJ dlrng up
iii) Tdnil mer.e a)iestnedtuseize canttul
Poi1-ar',.

. to ;nenfor geieml undeEtandng gst

. to letenandenEct spe.lic iniormation.

7.1Exercise:
first listening

7.3Exercise
|E

",.

Tcll studcnlstlr) a] goin!! nr listento someoneltiv

ing nfomixrion rbour ihe ll;lkli!,e Isl;lnds Don t lsk
xbout thc }Inkli\'es otbef
ihern ifthe_l knoR en_vlhing
$'iserhe,vaont hrre to listcn for thc i.1b!nr(on
lla! rlr upe on.e i'nhoutsiopping -\sk sLldcnts
'
r\
| ,. ,i"
I .r',:lrr els ((iB p.r21)
1 The t'1e af t he e.xtr,rctis ge, erdl 4)?osit i rc.
2 tsonc or 6n| ofthefolb\1),te ds s1ttu.r't.l the
.r:o Lq.u..t,,
J',..,1 . . t. tu-.
pftE|di
ne
afsaciaIinfturenent
indud
Sburb:
inga lirei acy .lril\ relusetlJdl?iEn nittat)J/t.iti
t. t. b .
.lerclapne toJ airyoftdnd roLtnnsen.aul'.tged:
[o,eien aid has het?e.t itnftoue utier suppbi. stl]

.2

wQuo

a't- ittl

P't.e

H nre

Thls cxer.lse gn es more pn.tice wit[ thc samekind

oI ellr;lfi t]re li6i one about Bhurxn .rnd dle second
E r"/, follov drc srme pafiern xs iretire play cach
exn!.tthnugh oncc wiihour stoppifg and ask the
sxrnetso quesli()nsrs h lrcrcise 7.1.
Thcn ask srudenrsto srite doRI thc hcadhgs
noticc LLisdrre rhrr none of tlie lnfomation has bcen
filled ln
fla) dre IrNe. stotping a-hcn ncccss!ry.
or, ifyou hlve dcccssro r$'o trpe .ecoders and tRo
pla.esnheF thcv cxrbe used.give one ealr?ctto
one group ofstudents and thc orher eriilct ro tlLe
sccond groLtp.Ask eachg(tr'p Loconplcic |]leir lis'
lcning nsl nrd \! hen boih g()rps hlvc tuishe.l, p.ir
st!.lcnLsfrom exch grout togelher and ask lhcm lo
rcll erch o1|--rsone tuctsabouLthc coult.! thel have
lisreoedto rncou g. 0rcm to spcrk in sefiences,

l=r,

na
iop stDnpnryulunlrq^
'uoNnDsrD.r! ur prJ.^or .q nt8ruJ
rrqa or sEur^rt.rr suorrsrS;fs ZZt d gl uo suon
-srnb:.lqt.rp ssnrsrp'sdnod ltEursur ro 'raqraSor
(tr1u atdrurx. ..s) rrr
sl|n ur sploa Injasn Nou aql .q ot FprsuoJ -{aqr r'qa
| J.o l , r-r.r.r. -o' .LJf .\'b
Jo- r..6
( plioa lunrru
rqt put ruauuoJr^u. rql r0lA pauaruor lrtnqrror
r^!rt osp uo'lrs 8rnu,\ 3qr ut Z8 pue tSald Al)
> QDn! n,
i,.^Nns, qi.r aqr uo! unou aqr s rEqN\
ft sllD11..uu orn u., a1 tauu orn ua)
/tulurLrorllur .qr qrh PauF)
).,1
u uu.,-J"rt
Jp pJ\ L
PUPituauuoruu., ruo{ .^rDJpe:)rtt srtljru(
GlDututltllo.)
',.r'r od. roj pro,r FLJtour.^r9
(aboma! Paloarru ,
l.rsD,\\
ueunq
rqurs.p or asrqd.ql srrxq^\
lxrL!"u
(utltt ?1)a)
Ao asnxr lpclDuud.qr apEorp rnqdlns s ]rqd\
tpaan Jb l"m)
Ia'rJlrssoJr aur!\
(uatssllua)
puB slauutqrJo rno auior Inlt s3sr;
Zsa.1r.l
pux a)ours.!tr aqrrrsapir1pro,{ Fr.u.b r s' rEq/
( aatwslp tlr1tlru l1D;to,fau)
luormor ur .^.rl rr)
's)n?a
'si){'?nbqlj': 'sujols'q)ooll op rrq,.\!
lxpD
(autu',
poojJO a8rloqs snoxas r si rEq/N
(lq,norp)
lp.lrr

ro trq E$ rEqr(
lo .8rr-rorts
lp.tt?Jrarr.,\urEr
Fltlturrn p.pt8)
lor PElDaxa.$oqua.$ .qr saoPlEqa\
Q.agaasnoquaar8aq,

ltDr 'u
"..d.o t,,.,j
(.sua!$anb praDr, u! 'a.o.!D aa, :euapord
lLapsat<I 1t :uatets tD.ruoJ
slaryotq
eq1.4oi saulunDJin, ua4 sl.a's|nt111,aql
DqDqV
slppl it1t.lD. Ltit!.latqq o7!|tnq![o eturtbqtDt
nlituadal :rnaqq1at anrpquo. aF,rtt:Dldotqtn
lnoqqSDu.napqua. a;tapt:ttultwos
lupuadut sl anetr u.'J pi'
pll, lr1uj1, aql q u.^-!Lta;l q.u aq D tlus s! adqJ
116I luun tu.\o. q)uau 0 sDmunoqtla :ant,q
:tqn puD pauouuau s2t4uno. raqlo
-uro, qlua4I aqt :aurc.ul ltuo!, u aqt rtoq ttqoau
raltuho..o s ruas palo!.oss, pu' D!.htqtn ol
Ioryl'r aq'DaS Ft aqt .) todaq! :autu3u1h saanas
Ltot.,t sslpLo, siqli :atd.Fdatfi lo at In.A-u!8!ro
,as pazl aql uo :uou0.aI
:a oqjte
(stlorr?nb ttxeuat.Epun anoq9 aas):q.a^, anlltsoJ
poo4o ltlo.tfpl, uo tuapuadap ltqElq :f,1!1DL1ou
tu'.[111lo arol q8!q :a]alat a.lp okaz f,1uo :suQtqou
tttsslu^]p slq ralao:t un qxlqfl tqqtuassv
'l:q.rouo1u :1aarstrs
tDuouo\ o qqtl rnq
tD.uqod
1aqq3lauos!
'shiats.lot.at.tdIo
las p srq pu, pip s.nn- :D1ttL1r
l.qtL at paquu ar11
uo!31p1 tslttpprLtLttu' a1n4D 'a81rn8upt.q! :1.qtJ
:tqn Pu, Pauauuatus.uunn ftqD
a1ry n.uqp'tu1snpul atLt.s
'sda'ts puo 1ol1b!t 'usynat :awo.Ll1Jb sa.rnos
tlilus
uDpqu ,a4aad aqllo n11nx,6111311o
ou1.t2 puD otpur
L!aao4aq'soL'tDtu.tH aqiJa pua ualsoa :uauatol
:ut tnqn

l.rrds otw rp'rq prrufoq

arn!{utbua.un
utt puD uaplsa4j
rou $ r|iq s.uns.qr uarf\ pr r tr st rqrN
[yapta :iLt'pn.J lDaauad tpurau! :sarpd paal q31q
ur|Ir <
:tu.ut[otdtuaun q31q:anlroquoc ata 'attlotqq pur
Dltruas 'enaqqSlau 8i.t s1!:pauode! aq o! so.! paal
:r.rltr $orrnrJ.p .qr ro:t J rq Irql l).rp ol suon
:sprau!tu ou fuatsrya-uou 1.aup a.!t1tn1u?D pui'
sanb]rmlr auos rts"uaq.Latrsnro iiutpuBrsiapun
raad s! f,|1|Dllb p uq :snatrr. .I n ttu auna ::1stql
ro sual.tordiur ssnrsr( spro$ paurrrapun.qr n[]ra&lns E) aili9Bau sl qtrrauas auoi (r) 4naq :o
r! lFrlnr!]ltd 3ur)oot1-!araqrp?aror sruapNs
)sy
surrd tuatudapnap
'p!Du31
q1t'u.)w :aSoqaq lDr j
Dl
.taftda.l
suaas
asr).rarlt l
u 9ufioi tl slrult ^1slql
Ur./a tuuauasard'n$np
roluaddns (a) .iu!11so.lstttttt.ttlo8 auol (r) - ualnq(l
:stur\2nb praua,)

(zzrdst)
sonss!
: JlnqE)o^
rrool
lEtuau.ruoJl^ua

(lal d a?) sratnsuY

L 5 I E N J NC

hllit)i.h.Ld f u e hkte d r"-rf)an-tib ilitl la do our sntLll

bit. It s no lpoti sd! int: a ePelr\a1|tLonl ntd@ d t 1!".tU
J?rcnce RIexdtr?le. u,ecotttdnLateaneffurt l|ot t.)
tse dr au n al,s anjounte))s he1?f)! bti. ttrtnsPorl
Lratnildble ItL the rush hotn atuunLl.ities. it s.lnlul
inta u.orkuitb
to seethe LtLtnbetofctttsbeiDP,.h-iLttt
jtlst oheper.n sittu8 h then \fe hhe toftshJat
goo.l, clreapfl!blic tr6 sf.11. et. e|c.
Current quesdons: it ls possiblethxt sonic ol llrese
quesftDs have alrexdy Lrecncotered in Prc!nrus dis
(ussions Ifso. rhen on. ofLlrse rh.ee qucs[:{^
.o!L.l rc gjver !s nrillcD lunenofk. whic| so'rkl
bc r good sa1. ofprucrisi'rgthe Loplcrocxbuhtl
(rftcr \,ork hxs trccn.lote in WritiDgChapters5 .|nd

tu lJoltl back = to keeqquiet. not erpresr alinia s,etc

Nov lsl ihe studcffs lo put Lhcverb combinxtions

\ore e sc$ecl (an evcnt llLxl delx).sP.ogresso.

makes s LlLglessfxvoud)le, e.g. Thc resultoftlic vo|e
$as r scrbilckto tlic corlnitie. ); r cutba.k ia rc.lucfi)n in srhg, e.g The cutb2cksln puhlic transPorl
madc lile lerf.lfiicult inr peoplc witholt.2.s )

2
for information
Listening
( c Bp . 1 2 4 )

Verbcombinations:'back'
(cBp.123)
Theme:business
7.5Exercise

Then tic link LnN xn.1 odcr.

Zbte,rlrg aeaa.1rugswomen
vocdbulaD,: T\1, la*- an l ai der; VC: tff

ln thls cxer.ise ilre un.lcrlinednards do rol tir rnt()

- in fact Lhcl rre contmry lo lre ean
ihe senLcnces
lng being coD\ere.l Asli thc sirden$ to gn ( I befiel
rllcnrad'e Do lhis on11!.
The ixson nliy sludentsarc asllc1lro do this s
'', _
'. ^,
' J
.
ir. l'\
No tliings,Iirsr.shoBing tlL.lrr|e.vundc$L.rndrhe
ldclinitions fd ihe ve r conbnrrdors s'hich (orre

.t
Pusbe.l ttsbdckuuats .
5 . n inkinqaJ thcf).tst.
6 .. nat to keepquiet .

to ctLt btlck = tosPend l$s

tu tdke back s tlJ!: ( I ) = to tLithLltttlt: .1 rc1ndrk
tu tdhe bllcks thg (2):1o lc.eiLe M n1e.l E.a.1s (Ltnd
Pdsl
,,..L1,'

1t.,".J.t.

bryanb, tentl\,rltt )
1obat!n.eb.lch= ta tu.ater.4etsullir"ts so,Ptttli
to sit b..\ch: b bePd.;sit."
LaPal s thg bach - rt)1!tlu1t 1.ne! thdt h.ts beelt bat

!-

. to lin . forspecfic .fomaion

Tlre nrtcffics ri in tliis ch.rpre.ar xll $irh $'onen
who rrc seftinlj s.nlcn(es in HolLo$'iv Pison.
ron.loD, tor snNgghrg dr!8s inlo Briiain

8.I Exercise

lErl D,?

Ask srLdentsi() mike x.h2fl in lheir notcbookslike

the onc on ag p i2i.
Tletnill rlicn /"4.1thc 1i.slstory,which is rbout
IsieLla-eithcrak)Ile or ni Prns. rnd cxLractihe infol
mxion ncccssar)in oflcr to.omPlck r.lre.lurt In
dris na_v.trny spe.i.llsr \ocablhrl lhrr h causng
problcfls (lln be dcah wirh beforc lhe stu.lentshave
r.listcn ro rhe rcflrlnlng iniemcws.

1 .. tndltdqi tu1tcorcr

tr look ha.k= tothinkofthe

.
t,,.
.,l

- rhene ot

,i*er- ;lsk studcffs lo lister ro fie touf rennining

intcFies's. one !l a dme xn.Lfollos ing Lhcnornrl
nicLhod(listen once xll dre wn)rrh.olgh $ ilhour siof
pn1g,xn.l theDlhten rgain stopplng rt ihe.elevxnl
pxrls) rncl completc their ch.ns.
O,: if vou havc rhe h.ilitics. di*ercnr groups ofstu
dcrns can lisLcnt{r dlllerenL$ omen xnd Lher slure
rhe iofofination xLt]re end.

tl,.

s.orar a nt rol SLtltlup

aall p.uL9q puD A00;Zt paul e']!tu1
IDSataql
.Lah 4!qn Suwp qrllt1paAlDQ ',sau1n2 l.q.Du
4eaolyrau u al t.trad./1t a1.np s7aH u1o.2q
la ualssasso.tuof4.an $"1 bau ' sttt futolo al
IDq p 11[a]/palu'-t;l u.aq soq pDN tuu?1 1o ls.lo]
tDadd)
'nnalpuv,{u.u 'ra|:nDt
a1
{ap
nntn I2qr plos
ul 11011
dqr. luauqsund $aDlas aqt 311k1sst
uxs.q 01tpDq rapt.1.r atpnl puD |\!fi b 1.tp.1a,1
ercuntDult Dp?1Laal ttn!aqL auot'alin stqlo
Japrntu aqt !D/j u.utuo'!1./tur )JI at L@1.D,1UaN
p,.1t'i11x n j 4.1,I a' p n I u atrtn rop.t al]ol ttjt,Lny
-osLlas
..DddLtD,pa D asaqtlo jDra aqt. Z
tdp|la
a.uatuas ppDdsns D Ltar!3 sDn aq

:-q!^ eqrJo ,{u?url\o oJ]rqt

suo!stde!.1Jrltot uouu.nRjrtntrrxEdltd or ru.r!
Iry ipJltrunsrt.qt Suur{u! Fqr.iJorssrsrp pur
)tucq,trln.l'ro aqr\SnorqrIoot or sru.plusilsy

(sztd gl) Japro punAl:lJelnqro,\f,rdol

ssnrsppuP
or ua$rlol srrqp aql rol uru'oa .rlr Jo r:_nr.ql lno
ptnoqs{.rtr '3,\iJJo sdnoJ8m 'puri u.ruoa aqrJo alo
lu)s.rd.r rsmuru.plrrsqrrl r.uod as.qror ua^f
s.ruarursrU ur sa8urrtr.Iqrssodssnrstpor Surrrau

aspJoxlz 8

asrrrex3 8

... ,r\.8 o I u u.n,,ld to. t,.-',. . ,. {.. I

iil.l.tor rurur rr! roj suolFrur>_u'aql pt;r ol lu.rtr
rtsr rlrqtr aqr paFrluor r^rq silrapnrs.qr r uaqt(

'p. 'utuo. p,q aq auu)/t).uaJJblstr! ae11

sotnslql
asn ..q rnq IIlt)E purcJ s",n aH ;ntutrt]oqs&
pasn.o '[opa&t1;
ut p..iJadtu ra' yis Lrc[ t
ro1or
cZI d Ua,sradsav

rl'.{r.q ot
urr Dslq ur trolSuoItu.^
sx'up u,\oulun slua.s.Ii)]u.s

sFisxd.rJo
p'"{t rrldoi)d
3u?s rom.tr

zojurr.qro

ir,..xi r,," r"qy,a,t

lllq

r"Y""'it

UI

ot irlrou

{Iu!rt/,!i

000'00sT
rF,Ie

000006:l

oru

srgz

surJa 00t

*'-.:,

uarpl'qr z
utt.,.tN

r0r,\! ^\opra
q.rrrtr

"-*_"i
E

0!

0z
,rBl

PifDrs

urrqurolol)

,tttr*"n"51

6!
PJlarsg
(!zl o E3) $andsuv

I NtN:15 I

.15

ENING

5 A man uitb a strinU af preuious can i.ttotls

appeare.l beIorc loc6l nagxtrdtes Jtesterda! He
llai renande.I in c sto,l! until bis h.tl next ueek
6 Jim wilsan uas a.Tlitted bJtO:tfor.l Clian .:ou11
t-esteftla!.Ihe Pft)sec tion hatl been nable t.)
praLe thar tbele uas a c^se a8.tit1s1bim.

Noie also' a iip o1I(r usetui piece of infomnlion); a

dp off (an xciion that cheaied you); a $rite off (nor
possibleto tuve repairtd, e g. The car was a wdre

Current questions: see pegeviii for soggesdon-.

(cBp.|27)
Note-taking/summarising
'off' (2)
Verb combinations:
Theme:law& order (cBp.t26)
8.4Exerclse

Tbematk link: ^nim ls/rhe natlrml world.

tr'stalrg rexis, slipcrsdlions (one of ftem .otnerning
nagpies).
w)cabulaly:I/M: a ln lsivc: by/at' thcme ofnat

StLrdeffsere askedLolook athoweach verb combi

I)ation is !scd, and to wo.k oui an approxnnlte
'Ihey
should then check bc'fore moving on
ncaning.
A1Eu6 (.CBp.12b)
I to caalolf= ta becomecalner
2 b brcak aJt = to stap *tddenlr
3 ta Mite s thg olf = to .lamdge s thg berond repair
(usuatb Lehictes)
4 toWsbne qlJ= tote s'ane tbdt s lhg isgain\ to
baPPen, ot has haPPene.l
5 to get oll = to esca?etightlrfrom 4 p.,sribte heary
6 ta sa aff = lo ex?to.te
7 LotiP {one off (infa mat) = ta cheat s'one,]firum
cia f
8 ro butnp s'ane aff(in|bnnal) = to ki the,u
9 to cane oA= ^. be eft'&ltue, strccessJ.l, ueo aften
use.l in tbe negatiLe
Studenls are nos xsked to comPletc some se.teoccs
in any \lay tliat shows lhey can usc lhe above verb
con$inatio.s. Hcre are some eMmples.
the biacherc brahe olJ negatiatia ns an I made the
pilot take alffar an nh ou destinatioll.
Ane aftbe d.. 'e.1Sataffblt the otberreceire,,la1t
inta a tree.
L)rate it offuben it skid.1e.J
me Pkn nerer ane afl d5pite a oure.ffafts to nake
He uns bumpe.l qff bJ)gansste6 one nigbt in doan

The listening eilracts in Lhis .haPLc. start small an.l

s.ork up to qufte a long interieR

9,1 Exercise:superstitions

H nre

Make sure the sludenls know $'hat j"smeant by

'supcrsinons . ,{ie lhefe any thai lhey are a\aare oi
which have some intluencc on lhet om behaviour?
for exemplc, doladder, cxis,brckenminors, etc
ha\ any siglrincxnce for itleml At Lhet anv supeF
srituonsthey loow of conccrning whal a pregnant
woman eais (firct llstennlg e{ract) or aboul rmgpies
(second listening c{ract)?
Thc fifst erlract in Recording tE is sho.t an.i is to
do with a pregnantwoman xnd lhe fect t|21she xre a
lor of oranges. Ask the studcnts lo listen to lhe elrld
once, wdting down any ke)' words Then in pans
declde on x superstition tlrat might dcvelop from Llic

Possibleansuer: IJJiou eat a k)t af .)ranges uhen rou

are preEnant lour bdbr uill haueqiryler h.tir'
Ask them io do Lhcsxmewith the se.ond,looger
drr3ct, which is about magpies
Posstule ansuer: Ta seea sinele magPle is ba.l luck (to
seeseLenl malpies tagether tseoo.l luck)

E nrs

'the

FrederickForsyth
9.2Exercise:

t renember bang nPped off b! a t^ri ,ln,er in Zuncb

Nore: lhis intcrview aith Fredenck Forsyft was

recorded off ar and ther'fore hes the aulhentic soun.l
quallty of a mdio broadcxst.
check f anyonc has heard of rrederick Fo'syrh
Ask stu.lc s lo .ead the introduction, and to be pre-

Palice aere tiPPe.l oJJdbaut a banh r.ti.l ancl uEre

abb ta catch the tubbe6 red-han.1e.l.
'Caol of.for
lou ui bep t in isolationfar d ueek .
h aas tined to go of ilnt uhen tbe station aas at fi\

lL,
> rsal
ro lu3rtuadx. u? uIp.sn uosr.d x =,8rd ?.urn3 ?
.ins".Id at{llsso.lsaldo..l raqro qlods rtqr
sut,\tq..l Jo {t$ z = ,.pnr!l! raBucu aqr_ur3op t,
lnJ.rds Pun rutslr.I.lu = ,'{rrD.
rFllooj Bqr,sauoP a ,no.{es'r")"l piss'r
rxqurr rlq e.q o1= ,,lqr.srnoqe qsrdaa{s)'rol/l"J or,
liqo./anrq3q !!rqr at?u or = ,I.rq ol .uois nulrq ol
u'ld q$Iooj r = auaq)s paulu'l arcq ',
('Irod rpld llFns'l) aPFrl.p or = rno Lur?'lor'
sliDlsI'tr!Prlrr
3^Eq or ulqr oq,{aldo.d palJnEnbrlli= ,srlrPnb,
s:JIditmnB rq or
.^xrt rsnl .{arll rxqr rderrr {IliuoFttrtro lsnu sruarlPd
uruinq irtruaps lPtrlperuJ.rpFodaqrul rLlu
surwnll st ll'e
se s'lrd or u.do aq or s.rr^Fs roJ sluldsoq s uolrliu
')Io
srlr ssor)n .trrlrtrd uo|rluro) r,u$ lr os
'aq lr lal
urqr 'surunqJo nraur?.rt.ql SupadlF lnoqrr'r srad
rpts dlrq ol Pasna.lu'i. rrun n.LtDqr orp :)qlJI
'apnlllrx
rr;utlu-rql u!8op E alir rcu pu)qs snJolsrJ rllr
putr
I ausrrlr!] ,i4x) lliElnJlrxd auJosarlo^ lllr$
r.pr rloqr\ rqllnoqt qsrd..qs IwJ'D'lxd l"l IIIA
oqN s..troldua slIN auos JE rr.rJl.\lsnotqo
'J3aqol.ri^r.s
qrtr.H IruoDtN rqr SLtIJqsolrrrrp lrl)wuupu"
srur$norJr .qr sl lr.dxa ol .u!o).^rq r'{ euraqtrs
paurrjq arxqlo puu rq] rsnl s uopxuDl lruiux !rl1
ol s.rr^ias lErrdsoq 1r1oSrr]lutl rtqr ,trs IIA rluo:_
sPtnb s! uaou) sttrora.l^ru srolroP
srruaqr sFd s,aldu-)d3uq. l slrls lell.lsoH Palml]
si rr'rll
tt,{o{ aL! I r?ilr Isr lltuls P asinor lo
rraprd leil
{u'r
Oqft3 arx.r.qr) rods uN) ri3qrs.slrLl'lrprs
aoq sruapn$ IsY aroqdPlrur pu'? sruolpr ltrroE
s!
Jo aBuH lnj].Puo,t x sasnfuE sununq lla\\s'
spmus r?.! or 3uo3 srt'l4ldsoH p.lFil p^ou:rll
'qlu'l
lirdsoq lRrol.ql rqr ruaurrrunouse luarir
tuqu.r@o) $ apprt rq.!-'r.dEd$ru qsFug lDoI
t uioq !:ry] rxel uulaolloj aqr '{orua ]lnu sluaPl1]s

[uur]sua. utq PPulloc!

lSoPtaPun?qi
LLto:n4ot)qloar o

9
9
,

t
ry8l1ti'ls
'
/au AutPSpDq dal'^astal'l n'i\ 11lA a
D 311FaJlut r
qnErad 11.1
(lZI '1 {tf) sra''s'}'
aqr rn or p.r3laj SuEq trt slxlulut lrrld aourl sruap
irsltrFfr rL| n: nuHool rrol'g
ini_ aql rtql Irf,Lp

ssrrrax:l 5
(0r d s:) uo sI (l) slE'lruPxoqdPFrr/tblpD

:JoqdeFul/ulorPl
kzI dsl) (Z)sleurru

^rElnq194
1

'a) rqr urtr.^rf st rtruEpmll

rluos qduS?nx1 SuBmul1uns e orq .ln srulod {rql
\lJr'ud d
. I r o -q \.'
'ru

.i

Pl

|r'

'!.l

\P,l

r"qr nro.l!t3l.u rFrlr qrl\ ]{]allr ol sru:pnl>_aql IsY

litt"J'1a1ta1t
s!.tpau\a sDqaq snnaPqaq qtu;tulaq lnaqDtillnb
h.r

a'

.!

|t tto \f

'ot"

Itt1

rtdllur+aattt1't

s ltaltou \1q :;Jluoq Pqoln t lflu aql:pu|] :tatau

t aqll pass^qapLLbp al lu'nt t,usaapaq toqnat oLt
lauaLt :11tTfioE)1o3sqq
tis it utopaartwlLtsaa13
'slanou
911?1tu'n
:al.uuatuDs.ql tDqol.taqpull PaauI UPlpaqas os
'11aospuD
4aaqEau aqt atLnl
ot a|laauau uaa!8Pu,
d na17Lrua. :aruuauDs aqt 10 1s!|Ptuna!, so P>U'tu
pu| aua Oua aq aq ot J! sLt.|Jattua4oaq ls q[ aqil
:q.nu f.Laa palblua aq (p1qn tsl.lDuna! a.ua pat I
"
laatD:)
Lzl d A)) sramsllY

YJ iXJ 'f

'r:qruaupr o1
iu.J rq oslElrlliu ]r putr
w.qr dFq ]qlllltl ri suolssar.lx. .seqr Jo awos aerp
l}i'

ui

i' 'r

Ln adPa?Daq''1.]
ttul'duaqDaloq
pDq lraq bqJ.
a.u rD.!aqlo qSTLoua
maj l,lat st aLl1tm aqI i4.tLal

rJii

01
6
lt
I

'sllrr.p ,{jtssareu rqr qll(

salou llqt tno qs.lj ol :)turl sru.PLus tlll 8ur^rB p|r|r
'.turssar.u Bul.Idors'ulrHr q8norqr adxl aq1^?ld
tl
lrop .1oA Irqr sprt\ llrq,\ u'.{1 itsY (spro'^\
rr'ls utr sruap
{.rl u^$}r Sunlu s.roLJirios SuPJ?uI
-I]rsaqr) rtruo q:inorqr,!!,\ rqr l}r .'rtr arp ^Ekl
puDsrrt, JrJrr:)
l3al
' " pu' srrrl) lauow put (sbullr.J
aWU or lrtd
Jo stu,Plrrq o,\\r 3q1rrpuLls.pu

[:rll4

L 5 T EN . I NG

Verbcombinations:'bylat'
Theme:naturalworld(cBp.I28)
9.4Exercise
Srrdeni.sare askedlo pul nrfinitites. in thei corrcct
hm. into thc scntencesand dren matchthcsc deiinitions b thc ve$ combinations.
,lrszers (CB p. I 28)
t.
' . . h t ^ i a r .a l f d r . t l h ' a t ' t - 1 " . i , ,
2 .. acquift/obt rnlge! 1b6tirory.atuin!:? ..
3 ... sLtft)oftdnd.ont,t ...
5 .. mallaging ta sm)ire.
7 ... cnticisecontirTu.tlly...
ta .one bj slhg = to a.quirc/obtuin/Eet (11su6! tbe
thing is b.lrd ta get)
tuju'71p dt tbe chan.e oJ = to accep! an oPPoftunitt
to stdn.l bj s bue - to suPpafi dn l comJalLs one
to kcep on dt s o e = ta citi.L'e canth|uall! (sirn ar D7
medningto to ba.lgef inprcriaus e:xercie: ttott
erer '!o badger'i.s morc irlianalic)
get
br - to nanage to sutuire (Nale: Bedtles long t
ta
get h! n-ith a liltle belPJtln my tie nds .)
ta get at s thg = to rea.b s tbg success|ullf
ta ga U)srhg = tafo outtltst[otu| dJ,.lgement"frem
No|e.]lso: a stxndLrv(slhg dul is ready to be us.d if
nceded,e.g. Ilthey dont Likemext-s\e rl$avs gol
eggsas a slandby.). 'slan.lby G. so usedadjectivelly
as in'r sLandbytickei.

betweenthe lines
Listening
(cBp.l2e)
llrft, things nnplicd.
Irirzrng trTs lwo .ronologues.
Yocabular! vC: to theme ofnnpled relalionshDsi
DV, noircs (Linkedto possiblcnoisesheard in tlie scc
Aim'
-- 'qe@i'oiio
'ror-pc
.oeno c
ngthe words that are spoken,but aho by listening
ior thingsthat havenot been sn;d.
'lihen

you arc having r convesation with soneone

f:ce to facc you crn underLand so much ore than
just the vorls rhey xre using for cxxmple,you can

inieqnet thcirnood xnd feelingsfiom dte lxce and

bod), posrure. Comunicaiing a ith soncone on dle
phonc is rhnrnmch nnrc d iicL tbecause you hevc
ro rely only on yourears tor imcrp.elxdon.
Recordings21 and 22 rre tronokrgucs one sde
ol .l converarion - andsrudenlshavc b rely on whxr
then eaf can hear and Nhat thcir brainscan deduce
i. othef wods, listenbeween lhc lines.

l0.lExercise

Hnzo

Askstudentsro read the inslrudions torthis exercise.

Play the fi$L nonologue all tlic ivay drough. wjdr
out stopphg. Ask dre siudentsif thcy luve any idea
vhat is being talked about
studenlsshoold look at thc quesdons'n the cB
before llsLcningtofie tape xgaln. tse p.epareclto stop
rhe rape so stlrdcnis can w te doM any key s,ords.
They can sharerny clucs they hlve hearcl,Lhcnttl't.)
rnsefthc quesdons.Ask tlim, whet relevant
what le.l thcm Io ceriain xnssrrs.
Ansuers (.aB p. t2t))
Posible kej aorLls:ploP; ca||'t bear b look; a lonll
uait: ..u|'t get in uibaut the iqbt grade\ sasfehte
uould he taa m ch;Ph.ne Michaels nothe4arhis.
resu[B af sone examr.
me hlj matberis talkinll toJin, the bof sJdther.
IlL bed ktue: it's no goaLl tri'ry herc dn! bt\er.
TaEetthet eMmres tts.
Very a1L\,iausabauL lbe rcsuht ]?siqne.t ar lang
etffe,ing
u Uh.th-,u 1o 'ht btu ntD-r"a.ail!
(intiicatcs that he tbitlks she gett orer awtirrs).
'...an.lI suppaseh' hare ta be me, as ui tat' ( indi
cates thaLshe tbinks she Llaes.1ll the uork) .
7 Coa.l netrs,r,nn the tane of her taice uhen she
a?ens the enrctoPe.

I
2
3
1
5

lo.2Exercise

nzt

FolLo$,1hesameproce.lu.c fbr rhe secondmonlog!e.

lnsuers (cB p.129)
Possible kq LDr..ls: .laesn t seemto begettins ltry be,
p therc; happened beIarc; aluals
ta; dountbercor
pnbktms aben it s this stnryJ next cabin; hate
heisbts; aett tl LEcol.l; ttut motE dbout t@ mucb m
these tbings: saalilE aqao.ty; stickt ue're a/f.
mdhil|g the ski IiJi uork.
I The ndclrrpl|br
2 vin.l! an.l cakl.
3 Because the lhrenerbatjtLr! han.le.J hinl some
'Wb! dolr't
1 me listener said sonething like
)n&
stand up dn.l innp abati a bitt'

l;r -

'aruDlstpaql ul nullq Lunr

1PUDpaua4roptqs aqJ
tapunqt toaq nna)
.taop
a(tt rapujl 'ulttslq JqSMrp alqLuat D s alaqJ
nn.aqrDq aqt uo PaF
z.!s sloab .cu puo patltlo.l s.Ltox1Lt1Dd1uDq.aq
.LaqPulqaq
)oq1 aqr 3u!11t1uDF'tuod aqt.h w) paur.ts aqs
(snantuLta..qt
.tol Vlnb aar s! 1to!l.D aq sr .,ultltlDus, 1ol) dl1us
8!ru p FDaq rsnlr atu.'u!aa aJauorutoss,alaqJ
tlutnra?pq
D.4tt 7
1 "1'd". t, I',n'.
1,,.3't1rt.
'11uo pDau notJi sqDan
n ir!111:'ttq12u!n* /

(0gI d trtr) !trrmsrts

utu 'dod'4Danbs 'a4rDr 'atzzts 'a1ls!qn tl,us \Dat)
'r,o[uvts
4n1 :G asv) aql uo ]apa u1) sr.ntuf
'rprr nur.q
Punosrqr
or uerslluIIr
,!tr!:pr u?r ,{.ql Ji aas pur .!.sst).U
pur sqri^ rsrouJo rs{ aLtr t? ){ool or sru.}rlus )li'r (oN
Qula aqt u.'l)
a stqm :(st.nq tis s.auoawos uto.tt 4tiatl Isuul". aqr
to '[.Du!qnu aq] {o ?aas ual) 4Danbs:suossa'Sns
ruorlr lls trrll ul
PlEq u:rJq r^xq ntbru saslou rqa nroqe al?liros
ol atct?.qII'\ sruapnFrtlr (IZ turploreu).f8ol
ouoru puoras .qr or p)u.lsl dluarar a^ l n.r^ JI

ZZr @

asrrJaE
tol
(oI d gf) sas!ou:sqJa^eADduf,ssO

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'suoDeulqruo.
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)sv
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tl t dLu\3tt\'' lot t,
Ltola.laas, ol truuou
rouadns Jaqtu D u! 3u141ots\oq Da4 s'punas 7I
rl spaau loql
auo,s,8E s ot uotuallo x!;l q = auo.s-,6ql: at aasot 8
splDpu'ls qntq atuDsaqr q.oar at.1q11
aq t[m raua]sll aql analnq lau s2aPtd4Da.^ aqL
aa,ra4aa vrc!'ladaq Iq lassprDPulrs aql l aqlt
aatal.lua 1.tDq 3u!4Da& .taloflaa u, ,I)qDqau
t
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ltltp n) taspl9puqrs aql qrtola ot = a1dn .aU 01 I
qrl 3ullr.p s'paauqrlqn Suam;lulqtatuas
s! aaqt 1da..D or s! ! &asoa4rol JaDituq ,aq|
tuauaa8D s,raLlasl aqt ralSu!4sD n t' prDsrana

utl q lathldaQ uD 14.tu 'asnads

aq^ niqdu.
4aqlotrauuodr 14 PrDstlaaqanDqnnar s:tq/.
8qt.s.rc auo,stuo.t[uo2 at = oi dn a.al
"]
:lq uatldns ot ralrop aql
u1o4 atou o spaall Oq ta,( .:thtn at 4ntq oE ot luon
1usaapp1lq ana slaaliryls f,.srt.laqo.D;rta.$ aU
(.toLt

, = alou D :a/q2) rr.ry

',
"lt

Ll.l'

sr rQutt]Y
o at 3Lt14pads
'u tw, old' 1 lt.
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paiso apq ptnotts aqs/aq 3u!4u!.11
aJaJbLt
t.F/Latnqas! D4onds aql plol 'patdarD eq Eual
sI aqi eq p)!t.lu1st I alop Dlolauoatua: pa4st
1 t !..6J ,t
\ r 4 . 4n , D u /t , ^
F t , \ o p t - t " t 1 ,- t p ! . ' o , - . 1 r t t \ , ' . ' 3
t,rn1bttran at' taqt asnDtaq Suoin
o ,4t'r

,tt p

p,,q

'

trjJL

-to

7Dq1vLa!.rls ns st ( lua.trd Dliqt'-vl) n4rads aq.t.

alqulsaPunllq
Dqords!q4q,n n1ft.s31tlopaq ot = 8qLsoI d11aq.t a
sluo:a aqi .|oJ;lu!\t!aar
1l8aq at turt.ryai ua?q sDcfoqtn ptltp o ot luaipd
Dn |aq.Da1 Dt4 apllu 41pu a1a aq plna. sla
4..orLauas a|4.r|/ttDls al : o1umop Fd ., l
(09t d sl) Mu s,r

asr)erl [ 0|
ro{:iuraas o} pJ?.(bJ )ool l 3 a'uon
Godrr.l r a)|r SuDIroa sr ,ol esnPrrq turcJ 3ur rqr
ul .q II'{ rr 'iol arp JruP Pasn acl urr qr.a Raq,{
srsD .r! ur lulr rnrltr.rddr srurpnls .ns altri
':{rrlur aLIr,lulpurorns saJueFor.l
-m aLFpur (srniJot()uout.qr Su]JdDnlr asr)rJI.
.qr r-TI raLtlx, JJU.rsllaqr prti JrlPrds aL! uaa^\l.q
aq rqBtuJdt$uorrtt:i .t! lxq,t li_atBns ol oslt
prJl] uori.urquroJ qrr^ psur.rapunqrxr roJ Suru"aur
.rt(rnorddt uE rLtoIJo.{ or p.)sx.rr srurPnrr^.qJ.

(0td El) sdlqsuollElerPerlduil:auJoqI

.ol, :suolleulqulofqro^
^JElnqro^ l
'snatLtaN
I
(,311!ruou s-rut uo s.otl'l aau rnd
pJ qstn L pL!]t :,slqE1aq alDq L :,LrPa| dua. al.oq
9
1.unnoqs a]) lnau4 I. s,lDs ra4oa,Js a. ) .arlats.rl a.[
spu'q slq dn MDtl oi pa.'pltDut s'L1qaq dsnlras
9

a
9

Thepbne roared olErbend and.made a tbeuin

dous in the boLae rattle.
Yau can aluarls te ubenJobn's caming. Hit bike
'issa oH anA tus!
rou can heat it squeavsqueak

Now discuss other thinas tllat (?n make these noises:

b cfeah: (ofen associated u{th unad)foorboqr^

, reah:.14uld and labadou' IA tpa6: a.hatr
to tich a regular sound made b! a clock necbanan
a tuatcb, a clock, t' bomb dnd (metapbaica !)
pur brain uben it's uat*ing u,e a ttck,e.g.I
can hearyur brain ticking.
to snaP: a quick, sbaQ action accompanie.l br a sbon
sound. e bone snaps as it brcaks, tou swtp Jtour
Jinee$ to attact someone'sdftentlon; a daq uhen
it closesitsjau6 in a su.1.1enmorcnent snaps al
lau

to slam: a laud noise uhich indicatesJbrce - slam a

.loor, slan tbepbone dallm, slL1,na book .laun on
topop: rau can nahe bubbles oJcheuing qun pop,
lou can pop papcam, a corkWs.
b nzle: Nif s'thE is beins|ried saBases szzle.
b uhinle: aind. uhistks tound .t bouse, tbmugb tbe
trees,uflde, a door etc.. a buman ubisnes, a rcf
erce ubittles at a footba Eame, bu etsubistlep^'t
tr mnbk adcep. to4e.uunJ a tn'ckpa.:t48br
rumbles, a train runbles in the distance, and
cunousl!, laur stoma.h tumbles uben Jou dre
ta rcar: a long, laud, almost .leafming sound - a lbn
Fu,.: a, m d raa\at alaathdllndt(h: thP 'ea
roa^ n,t e.m. to n atM,h laL,Ehta.
to squeak: a bigb?rtcbetl sban sound - a mouse
sque..!ks;sometbinE rust! an.l unoited sqEahs; a
ba, s4u",th.. a ' h iA squ4h. uh' n d, Ll;d or
excited; car brakes squeak

,,t

PnrBtrlJos lttrro! u'.Lrxru stlxu.r rllrr.lJ+l

aruosnr.ll ot BuLoSrj! \.i| uriiF sllar qiltl.t .sr
.rrr) J! or L()trrnpo.oul.rl] f'r')r or sruaP N lqv T

rz! E

Surpuodser
I Suluers:asl)rexlll

qrt{loP or.nrl
-(..!.so.qr ul.)r.iriurrultur u' nr.rP|]1rir
$\r.]r.lI
ssit pui s.u.rru tE,ros)$q) ol nurPUoos:Jurqt
turpr]1lor .Ior',\ urrn .r'r srU.Pnrs urtr \|p1rtrrl
Ltlrr.tJ ur )ri \_..qpoon sstrr
Jo srrrFs.rJu aqr
's8Lu;,.rn-uo silnrol lJ.hxl) suf
.to s.rurxp\a
(z9l d lilr irruoqd.t.I

0t Dr.lPrtl

(6!I 'l
trl) ru;|u.ril]nbtrurput rus(orssr.I
(!!r.1t1:])suo'u(o s Fnh\:)
tzll d g1) srcns.nbn-ulrisY
(6 d !l-J)sruri!.tu'r!. p!' su1ld
(91 'd ill) trrt.n
! -irdryl
(!tl'd
Str).iturruarIo sr.riaP,!uouqnrrds
(6tr.l
s'-))s3.u.r.J.jd Puesarl{sp s.'lll t raxlun
r9!lo
flt) sSouj'rtp pur srq8roqr)rt\'
l tL'd sl) tulslltlros
uli]-t. {)u)Dgord .SPrJq|Inrf.qr
or p.Pu.)rr
rct,\3r,u;rrl rqrlo D.dsi.rtusr.^or
s r i r r D p - i d . q tr . n l r q J r p r r l o p l o . q r r v
rt ;tIsDrP"d lo sirr.{
lu.ralil:p oru.{r3!.rr ln l.)l f n].i rr'xl ..{ or .)lrlls
$ sx s:lF(riu&! sr ur.!l rFNnturl.L! jluLlold!.
d frlto{[]!tll.]J
r. or sru.Pn]s.rql rurr,\..r\
-u 'rl t'
':,.'
nlurs;r]rJo lriRl nio 8trIUrJ.1
raPr.)ol s.]u.f
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:rPnTrur
srrpr pue suolrI)JIJ\uo] P.proiir rrll r!)l.l\a
urrruotrsrldrlltr lsol.\i
ot is.rq ol i_rsuoasrSi-n>pllnq orrplllN uo asirq
alurdordd. pur JrJrrJ]r 'r!D.rs r urqr J\ti plfo:\

slu.ur:^ouI
.ilnlt :\(L rs;utlr.)] pur $)a\..at \r. i(arn.tttrt^
s.jqPo._ Pur solLrrL:rrlblr7a7
'suofrxr.nLLrr.Ill
tu' .ldoid :7u!t ryDulaqJ
-^ ' 4,,,^,.-,
{, -- ,tI. ro
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<rqJ t.nnotxip piPro.or.qr p)sDorrJu r$ulr

.fq.i.qr }x{}pulr pux s.sr-!t\..)rltr.r.l aqr Ltr rtsr
uq 11.{ rii.^ rqilnr snr.pnrseql rulr.I.ldnp .ttlos
ur rtqrllo.lsr rl Bolrlir..ls14 sLrpoulsilnq rtrtr
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-run xnr .$,irqr lifrnos.bl nlBlsrsilj r\: )rr\ rqr
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;)]oo rt:juD1lrads)ld(]')d
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o-trl uorlnrs)q t ! uorrr?sr).{hrJosahltiri Iiinnru
ruros '.Fr nto.l rrn-nirrqr tnrsqrxrd Jo!.sodrnd
.qr ro:I .iirn8!rturlocLs jtNru suruuo) qtrqd
uoursrr.\rlor Pip.rorart sstruorr.rdtqr qrrl
rrt.lr!tr !t
ur,r rr.l r.qr p.Bur8!rq rriru eql.l1r.uro.^isrl.Ptt
or '{rmnro.ldo .rrqrrnl 'r si^tn_ostt rlrnl t ltrq Aa'r
i.rlr .lru.ttr'lor.I )tpFqtrD) IIr lo slnrd.r! lo !i!.1
$ouu qrnl^\ ^rraqtrx!x.q llr.{.i.q} \''fr.l(rc z
r.rdntt urrj tut,ipnrs..,t iert nxtr t..,P a8urFul]l
arll ro sPi3u.srti)pnri_iqr.FqrLr ol .ltrilo(k]e fotu
rr\ L
I r. |
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'rrtio
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dr(p.qI
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.qrlo Pu..njr ^q qrql\ \_.rnltrNlsPur s.r:-rJi{d
Lr.to.L-lo s{nat uo P.sv.lrr riro.{!aq.l. eBxn8urrl
u'Joil-Ll() sfrJP 0T uo serP-rrurruoruo'rr.s slqI
'rnJn)rir rtqruoslr.r ..1 or pul:
Irio! Jsoolll
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,.

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ld

ru PLri.r)u.puuotr.rornDLU' uDria) I I|r t IJDd(

ol:l lr\.1paruxrpt0r r'r sruaprli_lI rurt aq.L
lr.{qrs tuti,t ! sJJl'r'itlutsr nioqt JItrsI butr'.t!.t
.irnijurtru1.$ slillPro elr)Mruuor ol jrtlqN
r q r p u r i q r u L l ' l s t $ r P r s o t u . q ls l S u q l a d s
uollrrporrut

S P E A KN G

tions. Eich reme.k is seprraie and shoul.l bc

respondcdto in xs nat!r2l a say as possible.
Ask studcntsro listento Recording23 and
respond.The,vslrorLldnot l(xtr at lheirbooks.

Ask drem io get up and move arclnd rhe clxss,

gfeer lnoiher studenl.socirlisetor a moncnt or
-o e\ n.,ging -q.". )J_ rl,enr.u l 'l
.' \.I
gi.F
,. 1,-, $r'rl,\'or
i.
lt.lnds,il) to gile r slgnalthat cloesnor involve
r l ' - ) h . r \ e . - , J \r l " i l
g a.r,'i,t
\ .!iJr
goodbyesand rxrvc on I'r someoneclsc.
rl I -r
2 LuminJrl P s
3 N1ahcsuretlreyundc$Lend fiey shouklPradise
bolh niii.rling and rcsPoncling.

*i'"";lil,i'.Ti"ii'lli11i,:i::i:il'1";:i,i:"ret stu.lcnLrlook atthe slrggcstedlisl of

responscsrn dreit books (thcy.rrc nor in ordef) to
see if thcy $,ere snnilar t() tilc olrcs lhet sug
Play lhe cassetteagain so drc sftrdenrscan
rcspond tion ihc list }]hke su.e dlen bnc of
r . . l ' r ri . ! P ) 1 , e i . .
u c
.-r..rg
ating, etc. don t ler tlem jlrst rcad in r dead pan
Exercise1.3bclow Si\s morc pncLicc $'ith lhese

1.2Exercise:intensivedialoguepractice H

R24

1 ProcedLnei .livi.le up d\e dialagJe He aa d

Gaadb/e.in CB p.234ltne by lnie, and gite drese
lines ro sn?ll groups olsludenls (folrr is probably
the a{nnufl. so you will have to cul up more
Lhanone copy.lcpcndirg on ile size ofyour
group)
If rhis is not possible.write rhe diaLogueor$e
bofd (oran overheadimnsp.rcncy) bur nrix!p
the hlcs so rhat they arc all iD lhe !v ong odd.
\ o r e . I t r , c s m r ) b r ( o p i e dl b l F l , r ' P o . /
' {
p.
,lr, d nr' .,..r'.uo
"n "l r
rhe Hello and Goo.lble ,lialogue so ihxt they (en
3 TheD .rskrhe'n b Lakclurns ro spexk lhc roles of
A and B, making suredrarrheifvoi.cs show some
enihusiasmandirreresi as if thcy $,ereretrllv
pleasedto sce each orlred

. r" rrh, i o I d..p

rln ll'.

'e"

I Get thc srrdenLsto n od. ln palrs - one ot th. Pair

should say one of t]re lesponses wlitt.n in
I-\ercise 1.1 and the olher should sa-vwhrl lhe
2 Then rcveN the roles
1.4 Exercise:further practice
A1lLhc$,orkthat thc sLLdenisbale donc so l.rrhas
bcen controlled and dteir choiceslia\c been li.rited.
This exerciscglveslhenr e treer choicc xnd rnns to
bidge the gap bct$eef contrclled pradice and the

L,

.l

Topicvocabulary:reacrionsandfeelings
(cBp.|34)
Askstudentsto covcr dre vocabll.ry benk andto
look at ihe illusrraions slio$ing .ljflerent emotiotu.
Askthcm to iderlifyihe cmotions Portraycl and sug'
gest xny words or phrtrscsdlal fie,v know wl cn
exprss o. descr$e thesc cnodons Of, pLrLthc seven
c.{egory licadngs on rhe Lroar.l rn.l. as abovc, xsk
studentsio slggcst xny s.ods or ph sesthatthey
kno$, (lrich exprcssordes.rlbc lliese e'notions
Then ask thcm lo look.t tilc vocabnlxrybxnk.,\s
suggestedh tl)e CB. it would probably be a cnscot
overloe.lingro ask tlicm lo reJnernbef.ll Llielocabu
lar,v,so cncoumgethem to m.*e I person2lchoice
Some ofthe phrasc'sxre perliapsmore apPrcpdal. in
spccch fixn viLlcn Engljsh:
happiness:to trc olcrthe nxnn
sa.hcss:to feelLrluc.down or lo$'
ttar: il makes,vourflcsh creep
Also notc rlarsome of t]]e Dhnsesarc compleresen
iencesand begin wilh if. -_-t

l-5 Exercise

initiatint& responding
1.3Exercise:
In; i5.r er

Vocabulary

Srudcn6hxve to inage themselvcsin gilen situati()ns

and .lcscribetheif fcclings/reactions.The lisienefs
rcLeis to $und suilxbly lnrerestc.l,underirandnrg.

St/klat ,1: I bdL{a, u nexpe.ted Ph.trc cdll ldsl niEht

Shklefi lJ: Redll!? rYtroJn)m?
.ttu.lent A: this raalndn I harcn t be.htlhofllJorltd^
Ir rcalu taak ne 4' sutllise, heaitls her rci..
agdin tt/k allthdtn11e
StudentB,I bet. rvbdt1r.^ sheph ing,.lar?
Student .7: \\aell,she s gat rbts Xledfar sertnls up d neu
htsiness.!i./ea rentttl.tctua !,.tn.l sbe uants me
srkient B, wbt:tt LIolou tbi kabo t that?

Fal r

-.-

'a8?rs
sll{r
ni s.sr.rqd aqr Jlt .urj.p
'r srsrnld prur?Idx.un
r.uop nol Jr.r.rFur t.us.op n
.qt Jo suoDtruruaqrrEqaJo lurql ot ur8:q ',dnof
RsPr.r{ra8of Paur"tdxauaaq a^"q qrlqa lo sulos
:s.sP.nJcl
Jo )u!q .q} rE )oot or sN.Prus aql tsv
's.tr ap
Fuotrrse^uoJ .s3\l
rr srJootraldeqrstql tarur.{ouut ieql or urqo rou
'sraqrc 3qr lssrrtrn aru or s.rutrrruos - sSrprJr
lo
ord aqt olur p:rnponq st rq8noql sqr pu! 'rsl. :Juql
auos lo qu?dDrrJxd rqr lo ruo spumr trrdor .rll
uaqa uou"s'r3ruo. SuFrp s.um r:qro .rP rr.qJ
'tumall par r sr sqJ rur^alarrt Suqtaulos
Surnporur & trr.lor aqr ulorj ,(xa? 1rp?.t trlrr?J.
qlep pue rr )J?tr{ ol rsooqr {?IU slu rdnru"d rqrjo
luorPsD,\uotr r turno
.uo u!r{.r slu.urou rI.r.qr

'suorrru
',lurodol
Tur
pueq:Ac r,8uu.Lrpir, FJt'nalor :w/r :ttbtnqb.ot
srrclsre1tal:anSolDl1
uoirr.s tu'rlnqDo^
rqr u paroJuiar sr pur rnSoFlp ar0qpesn $,lmod
oJ, uortr.s.&?tnqFor rqt ur parrolurrr srrpur
rrldrrlr siqt Jo alD aqr sr ,8uur:q par, :sryrtltr4s7

(9r'dsf,)

pa; puesrq8noqrrely
s8ur;.req

nap elDatq
Sulroaqpaltax nof uaqtntanwoq Sutqa&os
,' ,, t.. ,n '.jaq-t.t. t'o{ua
u.t14 -'
aqs uf. 11ltctl s! /aatqs, ul luaaala papP, uv
ftrp Dqi q aduD\.a aqt pu, anaq, aas)natqs ol
DtqEnDt qln Suq9qs
' - 1 , . t a a ,D
J pJ '_ -of.t , 1ut
ln
1 r , 1, p r D t : a r n
. ' " , ' , .t ' o 3 ' u a f 3 t ' ; . ! ? " ' , . u i u v t o t l . \ r l u t \ J
h a n D . tpl l t F t a q . . t u . n l r
I), tuqonq ary ataqtnsuatplttrs u1aotu pasn
aq ot rtrllal ,ranqs, uaDJJjp sawuauas sxan'Dsn
aql 's;lutuDaLun41ats anDqLo. ,laqi qSnaqrtD
,Mtnor r '(?s?ta snanatd Dc( ut ,/bat o a4!1
at pasn s!
alotts, aas)snusnarr au ro rDrl ato11p11t
pLnt ta.!qs, o1snDn auas ut |blluls oslDs! ,?4oclt
't, t1oso. toa.t'ro 4 . u \ ''4D t. t t qor\
ntnvD ot 1u0!nl,utaap plxq)
q4qn sual/ra/* 'ujlsv luaD],suoll9nqs -Dqo
.41D31,uop,.ronup,nou4 | uop,
3ullDtput sanltaqs 1no[ anau 01= 3ruqs or t
atq4rauutp ?qi ]D utunq);lunol :saalr
pads, 3q aq uaqol 4uouLints raqn
sanb Int/lp
vlatuau )o pdoq a\ noL
a\nD.aq uoulsadtnol gLtl8uoqt daa4oi = Ftp{ a! Z
rnoqqStau .no[ 01SLttqpaos
IDs attuDm ot uaq.n svp u1 sLouo iaraqlA
noqp nal3u
n
o or !(q oi - aBp11Lai I
(gtt d {D) sYamsur
[q udrLLrjo s.auoauas ptu

dnof.qr qr&arrqs urqr u?. n.ql qrq^\

sxrEduJ sa)unu.s r^rrRrsnll an!\ ol ur]r! rtt)
.srlr.sn

,LL 3ulqnon .la;lDuaatpanq D i'nau

poq &an auos' pt a.t.blb suoarnrispqio
ttEraua.h 4.Dt tttoj
ra ssautl snoqs cptqa t|Dil D u! lls at - &unts 01 oI
an a 'pao
:awvn
nqlb
naq,
paq lo 11o :s71o1tDfq1s
raqlo
duntSlq D aqDu ar = ]Dat ar 5
Suttot tua1 Surqr,rtuosplDs ts11t:
an,hotl ?sljpar no[udqln :L,1potbux4aal arD noll
tttanal moq s[p. auaauas Mqa 4wouon]ls raqn
tuausst uaqtua qilm pal ad oi : qsqq ai a
nna tp{ na[ uaEn aauqlnat .]tu not
:dn
:starolltts raUA
aEon
ot
sil}
anat
cl1u
not
[jebnuuua3 puD
tt144nb quofputt q.rq puqq rna[ anou oi = q4r oi I
:ttqq. 0 st pnaj aturs
3Ltt[ttlduzq
aqi oi Map ta8 01luom ott:uaqol :\uaultnlls 1..1!o
taau4 mtr uo utnop pE or = pan! ot .)

uRtrno,( araq,{ suou?nls r.r!o ssmslc

'uontu

-?tdxr mi .Nil urqr Dqrr (i.b{)I'nrtq ? sI8.)urru.s)

rtqrssod .rallu suorlJ? erll ruroJJ.d or uaqr lsv
't{rluor rqr rlog ut:u

trrqr rqa rno IDA u"r -laql I t.s pu'?strurru.s

aqr u tueru.,\oruJo sqD aql rx lool pFoqs srurpnrs
asDJaxl9 l
(sr'd8f,)

slueua,\oLulPoq :sqre,railrd1;rsa6

'suoBsaS'ltsrol In^ .3xd r:s:suolxanb uajrnJ

vqr a4I uafpap D a4o11tal Peq I !.:iQan $.tuau
,.qp,t tt' t! thaqo tu|.t.,Q.a punos na.\ :s l|lapnls
[auou t:u /b tot 1:)
luusanu uoatu llnan I an Lrq1taq na1t4Luap
'4 lioqo slqonb nala pB anJ
r $1,
lpN :v ruapq.

5 P E A KN G

listeninSldiscussinS
2.1Exercise:

H nzs

llat the recorde.lconvcrsr[on. rtre^/ors. end ask

the stideflis to rnake a notc of(or lick in dreirbooks)
any of the ph.xsesfiom the list lhat thcy he3..
'l'hcn
togerherdis.uss hor thcsc plnascsire lsed
and gcr fie sllldenrsto Rirc Lhcagrceddeilniiions.
.u , ol r-r,.'
'.ur,.ill r..l , ) ^,)n
,1'6e"/s (cB p.136)
Inciddtdlly .lntl b! the oaJ): to a.l.l same i]{onndt iolt
tbdtyau hdE llst thougbt oJ
TdLhinAoJ:rou lLant ta intro* rce a n e10aspect d d
topi. that bar beennentiot led il alntber context
uefurc lIalpt : the topi. b.ts made the spe&ka rcn1e"l
ber something uhat.[alblts x rery iien d
renin d er to h i m'elf or I he listener
Vell, d,eI aas s,tli e: 10rcstaft a canLeirdtion a/ter an

2.2Exercise:speaking
lhe controilcd $,ork on dresephmscsis prrcised
with some mjni dialoguesRhich arc ln dre (lll
Ask studenLslo work in pairs.n.1 .leci.lc ivhidt
phrasecoul.lbc usedlorexch situation(soncLlncs
more tllan one ls possible).Point oui drxi thc punciL!
. ' h'lprlnr n, lF e l
Jri
\(hen evcryonehas decided.ask various pajJsio sry
die mld.lirlogues so illey h.vc Lhcoppofiuniffto
ste11fceling.oml'olIabl. iiLh rhcseph.ases.
(cB p.136)
!M"^
2 Th.tt remhlds mer Alhing of cbips, ...1
.l ... dsIu: r sarins... BeJbrcllblgetllhat rcnin^
4 sha tuelearc tbat.lor noL an.l mar:ea tasante
tbiryl ehel as / u^s sqrndca n tue ,tlk ctboLt thdr

usedrheirl'i6t orc. Alier one minute, stop lhc conversrlion, ind ask rnotler studentto take a top1.
This xcliliry car be uscd lnhlerlessons to renn.d
siudentsof dre phrases.
2.4 Interview exercise
E.rchchaptd f.om noq on villhavc an nclililv which
' 'rl.
I i i J r , D , . 1 ,_ _ )
t ,. -l r ,
inreNie*. LruLwhich xlso givese funhcf opportunity
to pre.tise some ol rhe iargetlargu2ge ot dul parucu-

In t|s exerisc strdcnrs a.e askedto Ro.kwidl phoiogreplis lo describe,.omparc and intxgine
(seecB p.205fo. hnrtson dcehg \ idl phoiogrxphs

lvake su.c cverlone is happ-vniLhphrasesoflocaiion

on the righr, h ibe ccftc, j[fie backglund rnn ]n
Lheloreg.ound. bchind Lhemxn. nen ro Lhcdoor. ctc.
t,rrari ifyou nre q,ol*ing wiLh x wclL-motivrted
group, suggcslfial rley n'ofk in gfoups ol n\ree with
erer,roneconLdbutug soinethingabout dic phorogr"phs. (Thq' could xlsowo* togcthcr wilh lhe
secondactiviLy.which asksften lo pul r-lreDrseLles
'. rl! hw .,r,n, . t 5' p -pl ,1 , 'h.
togripl$ rn.l io xct olrt thc conversalionsthat might
be tahing pl.rce.)ltemind lhcm llui some ot the
Sociallsinglanguige from Spcakhg Chrpter I end
s.,ne ofihe phr.rsesin ihis.haptcr mighl be LBetulin
dIs role thy Nlonilorlheir pettormanccs.
O/, if you do nor leel )'our group would benetir from
s ofking xlone. dre. do tliis activity togelher,vith tlie
iex.hcr benrg the exaDincr' 'l

5 htrhe idt/rtcitlentatry . .

6 Ihlkiry.f ..

Vocabulary
a Minute
2.3Exercise:Just
'ihis

exercisegivestreer pm.ticc of lllc above

phiascs.The studentsharc to decide;Lrshxt stageln
a conversxtlonr plrase corld be used.nd lvhcther il

Ask the sLudefisro.ead the inturclions lbr dris acd'

ity, s'hich iNolvcs them makingtlvo pilcs ol paper
one wirh topics wlltcr on them and the othcr wltlt
the phnses fron this chrple. Ote siuclentpicks up x
ropic card and th. othersludentsiake a phtusc clrd
each.StldentA beginslo talk on the lopic.lnd dre
other studcfis inre.rlptwith thcir plnase rl l suftxble
moment. Thry.rn pick anothef cad once lhey h;lve

t4-

_l

ldiom/metaphor:colours(cBp.I 38)
2.5Exercise
This e\e(ise nlclLtrlcsLheidiotu a red li.dng'whicli
is rciered to ni Lhcspenkingpxr oflhls chxplcr.
Ask studcnlsIo look at dre coldrr idioms. see itthey
recogniseany ofrhem. en l lhen put lhcn inlo the
senren.esni phcc offie Llnde ined phdscs.
,1^a?/s (CB p l3lj)
1 . ..o,LPtetebtolu ofthe bhrc
2 . .Jdneeitrlg Ron bldchloobs?...
t..blt:lchnarhet...

a''-. l
tv. . .. 1:-.:'.
rIsE eE ,(3qt .snnr.q sarlsoddo rcqr puE ,raJard,
',Iolu,, ',a ot, ',.1n, rrq! p.sn q q!^ tm aq.L z
'SuDsaFlul
erolrl q.i)nu arualu3s ? s.ImI ri alqssoo or.q,u
sqre^p" Su npour aql3sn ol sru.pnls a8dnorug I
:s.s?qd aqr rnoqr $r.tur Jo sruiod atuos
'( Ir 'sqia^ 8ut s.urruos ',or,lnoqrra ro qli,t
s.{rlugq seurllruos) 8ul,{olloj sarntrtuis rraloJ
.qi qlM sas?ntd tsut$ ar? tr3t]l {r3p u"r noI
l?qr os sruaLu.rrsn.qr Jo uollJ.lrs ? Paq or lsv z
IUeq .s?qd aqr ul quJru3l'rrs .q} Jo qJ?.
qsuU or surnl uI r .>l?r irau!?d p qra $qir8or
'uaq1 a{FIp io elllt leqr r]l,tp s^"ploq rnoq? strPl
plnoqs sruaPIus I
suros roJ srtd"rSoroqd rrl rE
]oot
Sull?ads:asl axl Z

6t|d s)
uo >Iu"q .sRrqd e$ q uFqr rsuESr {J].l ? nrd puE
p.r)ruuotr
pu s.flqp 'sa{I q1!,1d
sarur{aid
s.sprld ]!u? r.q drqr re^auaq,{ ed?r ,qr do$ o1
no,{ Iar pFoqs {rqr .uF sql um8p a.l"r aql,{ld t
'4aaq pooS p qtln 'Lrasaqr r.t a214at sral d
aqs [op.qoq uo anoltas zulaq a4!1],Lsaop aqs
sBuqlla slq aasPUDoP ar ano 8ulas z
'unal y
I
(.6r .l |D) sDntuv
'suons.nb .erqr artl ol sr.asE ioJ
IsY t
[Dplloq PooBY ')nzaIEtP a\l ^.Id z
'slooq rFqr
u suoiFanb srqr aql ]? Ioot or sluaplus .qr IsY I

ezulEl

3uluerslt:as!)Jaxl
l

ialqlsrsar PU' a Dr.lqns

't"uosr.d s.lt - uolrt$a uor
laaut8 u Pa$ lilsenb
-.q rsou aqr lo )uo riq?qord q .F"u:iuq Jo e.re sr{J

',rzd, ol rul ta,{.:AC j.IJE! ueP.q

rqrJo, rur'uoDroflor uoq\sodeJll:tn/I,ftotnqt.o^
'tc?]jpq
PaoEY :aaSoqt(l
'srsl.l.s tuElnqro^
.qr u pepuslrr pu"pauoJulai r.I rsrqr qroq'(,az?i
ot,) qr.a .^irdtrrsrp E puE i(.1)! ur.q aql JJo,)uoil
?Jollor uoqrsodard ? suzluo. ar8aletp:Eul 1o11r2T

(eeld er)

'sell'l
saruaJolaJdPueso>lllslP

u^\o {Jrp Jo
sarualuas atd.u?xa .tuos arua ol sluepnls IsE ^\oN
@.!ts lo Pu!4 awos ro ta8ulxaqul
rnat ?u'sn 8q: "rc auo,s at'r.try! o1) 3u!1u1od aI
( .ta '4.us b taAu{, aEl 'parulod puD p13u 3uq1
auas qW aw)u uo|q.t aalssar'8' ua) pa4od- 6
(pupq uada uD
q1maftu suo112'1q3!1'patDada! 'uoqs) lttd
e
(puqq uado aqt qln rq daoqsD) 4.1'us
t
(ulo30
3qpacl - 9
rano pue D& auo,sroBqLs w a,
(uo;s
sa.'.ns ptdoa u! saup ltua@s tllprtsn trakp ous
pa.ldol
.&ta'ullo qln ar1'uhaunt q'u 4
s
(q4! uP
q.loos
aqn op no[ 8ulefiawa,
,
io?..,na[
papu1ld
(ls{pasop o qrn zuop uoll.o u")
t
(tt)oat spua a ar
- 3u!1Y11aouttuas aqt $1ru q4qn uolpo uo)
z
(tuatu
aaatu 3a/nse'a '3u!ntp.t';tual o) pa1aqs
I
Gr]1E)) sramtuy
uaqr aoqs 'utEldx. u"tll r.qr?l 'uaqJ
'seruarues.q]Ul suollBnllsJrIr ol sProa.ql qrrtlu ol
'spro&
Surln sutrs dnor8 3qr lDun uDrlr utldxa luop
3qr aou{ l.uop traql I 'rJrdqr srqlJo 8l'rInltaq
',rulod ol 'sqr.^
aqr 1?anSoIRIpaql uI prR3q s"a
arP Jo 5uo (,!tL]Jalr) suolrrP aql lo ,{u" uuoJi.d !')
^ar0 Jr aes pu" s$a lo rqt 3qr r" Iool or sruaprus lsv

eslrrarl9z
(gtdgtr)suoBrppuq:sqJe^a lldlJlsao

$noq UBI.-lxoJ ]'.{au .q1 uI

aJr/la:tlsE5t 1Btusqr esn pu" auros rr:l.s ol pa]ls], rrll
Ieqt '.8p:IAourl anID" ,sruaPnls .qr Jo x?d auor.q
suotss dra asaqr Jo .uos 1?r ansua ()1,(,l1oJ
'srnllnr rua
reJJlp{.qr q $nolo) snom eql Jo .ru?'uubF eql
'dnorE
rnoq? )ll?l or
l"uorlEu lllntu P qra aulvo^{ ar
nol I rpEllr.trd '8ulrsar5rq eq oq" ]q3!u 1I suols
-sardxa.s.qr Jo .{ut ur jnolorJo arroqr e\r pun{rq
trol,(I-'? .as utJ n.qr J;rFaqa qu.pnl- qria ssrl)src
Euluaq ParD
6
...patzqlu!...a
'rnaia'llb
uoouanlqbula2uo
'' adotpar
'

PaPuDq Pat {FnD.

t
9
9
,

5PEA(]NG

nrg for gereral statenen$. nol specificoDes,c 1.I

likc to s$inr whcn thc moon is full.
...s not nv scene/cut ofter ihis pbrasels norrully onl) used in ife negadvc
Itlmuch..th.r. rrdr...

3.6 lnterview exercise

This rcLivily is similar ro dte lirst pan of dre Proficicncy
inreniew. l-ook back to page 74. rrrRAfor $-ivs of
dealingnit! phologrxt|s in chss xnd iook xt CB
p.205tbr hinrs on wlrai is expecredin dris sectionof

Id ptcfct to . ( rdthei) th.tn...

3.3 Exercise: intensive dialogue practice
Bxck t() Lhedialoguc about a good holidayiDon'r
play lh. corvc$rtbn agah unlessabsolutelyneces
sary (tlie-v iiale xlHd-! hea.d it tq'ice).
rlsk siudentsio read dre i.shrciions fortlis exer
cisc,or allcfiativcly LcllLhcni
1 StudentA looks at CB p.2.t1end StudentB at CB
p.2,i2shere tiev {ill fmd d trenr blrnked our
versions()1drc dinloguc
2 l hey should compleie ihe .lixlogue onll!
1r.)
ut'it hE albued!
. r'rl() ., ,u . ',.i, J n \ ill j
'i talen dre),have lhished. xsk Lhcniro do rhc
same llift anorher pxlrner.
i i] ncccssary.nsk thcm to movc on to anotherpxrt
ncr andrcpceLthc pcrfom?nce. The enn ofall
tliis repetltbn is to gei them t'aniliar end co.rr
dent and natumlrith tlis lxnguxge.
6 Go round lisieningio rhe prlrs Cive help \'!here
necessxry,parliculadyrith getting ihe naftral
1ll_rLlarNi
conLracLlons.
strcssesietc.
7 \Vhen the studenrsseernreasonablyflLLed(or
rher cxnt lxke any rnore),xskthemro erchrnge
prpers with ften partner rnddo rhe s ne exer
'L
gJ
rl ir '.l indl' o
.1 .
8 Makc suc cvcryone lus had ihe opfo,tuniry.'' tr)
sal both pxtu as nany dncs es possiblc.

Vocabulary
ldiom/metaphor:prepositioncollocation
(2)(cBp.l4l)
SeeCB p 104for prepositioncollocalion(1).
You nuy remen$e. tlat rhere(as an erample of
preposibn .ollocation ln drc diel.,gucC gool
,ollla:r: l'd like somewherccompletely ofrr"
beatentrack'l his etercisebeginsi ith that phEse as
a remlndcr for Lhc studcnLs

3.7Exercise
In each oI L\e sentences,
John usesa prepositioncollocition Sludentsare eskedlo contradicr\1'h3rjohn
says,rhcrcb_v
showirg rhcy understandfte use of thc
There is ar e)cmple in rhe CB.
Possibleansuers (.CBp.1,11)
1 I think fou d be boled Youil niss alltbedcLil)it!
ofcitt life
2 Na,I rhi11htbings.1/egainf reasonablfue .
) oh cone ar|. Ifereryane borhs nrallr bdr:l I m sure
tue..1n./inisbot| time.
4 \YelL ifjn
rciche
ougb, lau can afr)rd bpar
5 | | t1t) tlLndrery, l'rc j6t be.trd rh.1tthe| hare heen

3.4 Exercise:pairwork
ThlsgucssinggamcallN to bing x bit of flrn into ihe
in pxns Studenr
Smdenlsn'ork
A sriies do('n xn
occupxiionxnd fiveorsix likes.dislikesor p.ettrencesth?t dlis pefson night hale in ibetrjob Student
B hes Lotry.od gucssthc occupationthat is Lrcing
described There is ar exanple of drjs processin lllc

Cts
Reve$e Lhcrolcs ofthc pan.

3.5Exercisei
discussion
ro':--,nr rr( d.. .. .i' , .!
.e".;r.!

"t

":

,tt

p .. ). '.
dgonocrFn,.g

out, orxny other apprcpfi2tetopic thatnillallow net

unlLise of the trrgei ienguxgeoftlis chaprer.

6 Well actually. the ue.tbe {oftcast said lbe slom1

ha.l pa'sed k' br
7 Na, the.l clrosefau be.dus? the.ybeliere lau're the
bestPe6a n.fot thejob.
a SuQtisinel!, then I saa hin ),ester.Jd! he seeme.l
9 No. not t?alb. I rhilth it fits r.kber ru .
]a on he.ontr.1ry,I hnthuesbould (accepllh"
offe,
It h h,^ .hdngeLld lot. but lau ll saonget sedtun
12
13
t1

He Xn r,)DL knatu Hesquiter.ltianal.

Ltnfortun a tel!, I I hin l?tb eJ)can st ill ee1at,
't
hdt's not ttue, actual4). ^ccor.ling to m! jounralist|riend, ittas
!)ubli. neenng atxl tbere ele
no resthcha ns?ut on rePotun!4

lqt

'plJo,t.ilr
lir rrnnJ
aqr J{t'srr{-lor,r.J^'r.q. LPIAjroi{ qrq$.soql PU.
uortrars,luor ,.!rpllrn.. ur .$.(rl .lqnrns .(nn:rr
s.stlntd.qrJo qrlq\\ ss rsl(I srldol p.rs.88ns.qlJo
.rJrtroJo ruo SulsnsF.Lu.rxrs Jqt iJuNsluu s.sr.rlcl
lol ol sruirpnls.qr lsE !\oN
Jo IUL'qrLIr qbn.,nl
'r8rnturtJo !:rt JI| ontr Butrrtlo dra
'

., ? o'|'

dnol3 JI ]tqr sanr8U.tPlir..r.d ro %0'o/'!Z rr.0!

'...'o!iuaddq or u'xue)./i00I $iJ"rur.Jrd luaEllrp
i^rj qrr.r l.io t or .q nt8'ru sqr op or,i^\ ls.rsxa aqr
sdpqrad isnqd qrr.rol ilrlqs_sod ro I ju.$aql
elppnu 'sProa
aSnpt or rueqr]is. pux (s.lroit .qr .111
r.qro ur) rrl)lo $t rDrd ou u prtoq.qr uo sasxrqd
.r! r,r rol ! .lrN ptlror nol ',{t.rx,p.mn sasuldJo
lucq.qr qnLronl uool or sru.Pfrs nuqs?lo prr.l>_ul
l1JL\i

<-t

sPro,!\uao it.qr ul :s]]r.*.

srqt:rrldluor srurpnls Durs u:,\rHrP sF,\sur oN
3u!)e3ds :esl]Jaxf l t
(
'

r!u/

"l

.,L

.',t

"sl]q'l
\''-

luoJ qrfu u'allr 'rsn or.lq?:q or PUt u'Eluo.

sesaLrd
asa+ qfu;irs lo srr!3p 3!1p!!r!.Punor '
'intolB p aqr rF pruouuaur s qrrqd ,.z..nDs
'Suploq :IaJ ._aqra..):I\i \ )tt'lllqqol
'Par'.Jrr

Jo spupl r"q$ lo uotssnrsp 'r oll'r ssrrJx. .qr Pua*g

!l,L\? :.(

'ijlru.pr or sraqto rll

rol suorDr asaqtJo aLuosurcJrador slu.pnls aql ls\
Wol ar.)alo.k otq atotsol OI
Oua s6qLsli 1141D1q
uo!s1{
ua.st.ti pnn' ot Ltolsttdn anaq, aqt 01,asda 3,
.[o as dq] aLt{1ro1at rarsoa t qrqalls! 1I \tLtaP
n'&t p.s4ua. pSuala a.uD13PUD.avltull;t,
( a ^r,rt lou pLtD
'&t:aLtrt
orlo
as,Jtultf D q.]D o] 5
!,8qls
das
t:nn
duo
(1q3!I ll' s! 8ulq|iLana
I )as ot raq. q auo.:,EE.s uo aI) uD.ka,l ar
GIa auo uatlo aqtpuoasal)(4)4u! al
G.DJaqt 1tosaua. uaatJ
1:rpltt1 's.tG .rq1u! -t.3 La aql ats uD nol.) atDln 01 9
t8ursar.tut .Loanu.DlnD 11PuLt tl,l dsr!|J.aq
, .LE pu) illPDa$ 4ool ot) aa13 (,1 t
\qt s tD al.u 31.Lol
( it..iltat.s t rqrot r'q|.s tD Ilaal oi) daal ol
t;lqt.s tD ,tool loqs o a4Dtq) aruDl8 ot t
GDq ant. aql e qtnalu u.do.q, ndltFa1 a
lrauol!.u1,laqx)
atuoss!,1aq ra']q3t1q aol s! 1q3 .qi asn,..q
q
QfldDr salbi aI "\1. pLtDuadaot) 4u!1t:t I
(Itr d trf,) i!"?s?lr
aspJsxl 8 [

(zfl d l) se,(e:sqJa^e^lldlJ)sac

o|rur

nrrsa,d s?ursnql . rnoqc iiullqDads :rztqrTo

.str.\a rnrFqlr.o,! ! ut r)1l''ItuP anSotolp.qr u'
p.sn sr ,Jz.rnbs or -!uptoqlo sqJ.^.lrrdorsip pu.
'asr)rrYr ,!nrlnqi)o^ rL| iir
P.i.Lo]1rr.rr.rrlput rnnol
rrp.rlr u Pauoruru art LIrLlla s.qroltr ::fr, 1r4rr7

l1ule!ar ;o

.plorar.qr uo. st trFo.ldo 5qr

'uolr?.IJqndrol rou pu? lrDuJoutl = pJor.r 3ljrxo
(ltirrarll lou) Pru sr auo,s.{rs o} suorss.rox:
Irlnboltor \u.iu aqilo ,uo pueq )qr puror
.qrfor trr,sr irrso.ldo.ill - rl)nolJo ]no
riprsuor or ur.\. alqrssodm = uou:_.nb3LpJo 1nt)

(eltder)
r Gl.rted
asodJn.l
nurqr.trros urcPu?r11:
sear8apTsuotlelnred5{n rno$r^\ ruop s'rr?qr
\ ";r
qno, lr JJ
u.no.&.^'uoos uaddq or llatll s!
Sunttruros
qrrqN8utrF.urosrqursapor p.sn ,lu[o .qr ur

> ,irploq uo ar? irll u.qN.sroq s.rnoq

qBrru p LDL\nlFr l|r sr Surql.{r.^. .Ns ttlotu ol Ello
Lloi u:)q,{ 8\r,s uo J{a !E d.'l no,\ ,,uo a() m dail.
]ttrrq ptort or Eul(lt a]1]n()i uaq,\Wnq no^ I $.alq.
',irsl])n iqr
llt Lt)lx,{
or sur4Jn. ir.qr punoJ .1...1 sn'rprs.J p.qsllqtrs.
rqt u 8ur^ou rsnl .nr smoqqiiraui\.u u.qrd ',d..rd,
'3 ) s.rurruas.tdrll|x. ala ol srurp
rus Isr pu'r ru' sqr.^ .s.ql a$ Pno) no-\ uo!?nlls

9N )

or,t

p:r.prsuor 8ul.q = autl:drd .qt ut

rqFno.ls ro rqFI.Lul aqr ul
i.lnpaqrs
Jo pr.q., sr allso.ldo .Ltr .Fpaqrs pulqrq
(.I]]rsPurrst or iruuq ol, ro ,lllspuxls r or
:rror or, s! uoFs.idti sqr uo uorrtu0^ P) paddoF
s|q rrh4rt put n'3ira.\ou ll? = ilrsputl)_x rx :suors-ardI. .qr Jo aluos nroqx saroN
-u.s .ruursnll ,i.s .,o rtrt or uaql FuHst ,iq 'illrxr
4'B suorssrdF )qr.rsn uxtr srurP.lr_Itqr lraql

5 T T A KN G

Noles on somc of th.'phfases

'lhe
I
phrxscsrhrl bcgln 'There's... chxnce . arc
uscd rnxnrhn'hen speculadig xbout weighty
natLers.lhey tend to bc cffc.Lne nlren I discLLssiotr iias got goi.g. noi as e flat tholght, and are
olien prcccclc.lb]' 'l ihink
'I wouktn i be surFised it (en bc follosed by
cjthc. x positne of a nega e an.l stlll keep the
srDic ncxnlngj e.g I woLildnt bc supdse.l ifhe
l:r .r
"'ts aFh.r '- ).B
,'- rhrl
you slrongly beliere he hes gonc homL'e.fly:
'I llbe surprisedlf can be tbllon
e.l b! eirhcr a
posltiveo. x regxti\c but die! hr! diJlilenr
nrnnlgs. e.g. l ll be luryriscd ifhe comes (I
lhjnk lt unlikel_vthri he ll colic) an.l I Llhe sur
p.is.d ifhe doesn'rcome (hc's unlikeh.ro rnlss
I,i."..
.Jl.
!
rt,...< -e..o ,n r
15%cerainly gftrpl).l:se )ourjLr.lgemrnt as t{l
- h',p
q rl. ' .
drin { .'r.
night ofe. x ho.nets ]lest
Stlrdenrsmxy comc up Rith other thnses lor rlxs
i'
'r'
are
l.
\ 'ol
slot then nrto die groups rnd dc.ie ifthe_v.re
pelt of ei eqday languagcof fof hcarier topics.-l

4.2lxercise:intensive
dialogue
practice ElR27
Ask thc studentsio fead rhe insfiuctionsfor this dia
logue pmcticc,or altemativelyrellrhe1n:
1 lhey are gonrg b ljstenIo a rccotued con!rsarion .:alled the a,hristnas prcsant.
2 lttef lisie.nlg once. lpponn x sccrctan Fhose
iob it ls to nnie on rhe boaftllhc g(tr\ts ideasot
Fhai they hal heard.Thc secretan is onlv
rllo\led ro $,rire rat he d she is rold ro
3 Thc tex.hefBillbe ihe tape opcratorand sill
nop anl sixr the tape a(ording lo rhcirlnstruc
tidrs. xD.l fixt is all (unlessilre.e! |ot, chaosl).
.1 The .nn of dre exerciseis to g.t as exacta trxn
|e
n , l |lr'
lo
g'oup.lusr decide how best this is io be done.
(Hints on xi'olding chros choosea secretary
iitl good $dling ]nd spclling nln) is c.lnr and
.xpible ofrsking lello\ srudcntsnot to allshoui
xl oncej erc YoLrcan zlso lelldre sccrctan,tirxt
lreHrc 12 inlcf.hxnges io be dictared.so hc/shc
vill hnv tu lcevc sprce on dre boar!l.)
The method is s'ollh ryhg rs n makcs studentssork
rogetlef and ir insLllsa bit ofgrcup responslbilityifi.)
dtem. ft cl]n. holrcvcr. onlv sork vith x short diJ
.

lre

, u
t' - " gF
can LrcNbbed out (e g allrhe nxln vcrbs, ofell
lc pfrpositionsl
Tell fic group Lhcr hale io tell dre secretxry(or

ihe rercher) whal, \\idiln the chosencategory has

Lobc rubbed out.
6 when rle dirlogue hns got lots of Lrlanksin it. xsk
the sluderls to work in pairs to rcconstru.tthe
con!rsetion o/d//r.
Iiyou treler a slmpler.rnd lessnoisy a.tirit\. vou
colrld Lrser d,fterentlbrn ofranscdbing. Helf the
c1xss..n sdie dovn the $'oman s part and the other
half cen raite down the man s pa]1 Thcn they can
pmciise sayingthe dialogue in pairs Ask them to
eachangepaters as nell. so L\ey rre pmcdsingbolh
pefis of the .onrersrtion

4.3 Exercise:
pairwork
Siudcntsare askedto $'ork in prirs mrd make Llp a l6 line conversxdonspecuhting abolrt some sihudons
Nhich rre shoivn ln the CB.
e.g Situ.ltbD 6 (C,Bp \'i1)
/: Wdt arc lnu goi11gb da ube n tbis cau6e.hn
B: I probablr kLkfar d.iob. \firat abaut!ou?
A: ImaJ,ue Eo dbna.l.for a bxunriltbejob sihla
ti.n iinProres berc.
B: fb| r fulJt I daubt lthetber t JilulajobtbatI
A. I bet ,.u u)i . y.t! r? alu.lls luck!.

H nzs

4.4 Exercise: overheard remarks

Ask stu.lentsto listento Re..rrding 28. whicii is e nn

do'r colleciion of remarks.Tcll rheni theya.e the sorl
of remarksrher could ovcrlicaron the bus. After each
one, stop rhe r.rpcrDd.sk them to specuhie whefe
dte .cmxrk night hare been made, wlrxt t]le conrcxl
mighl bc, ut coll.l hare causedthe remark to havc
been mrde etc. Sru.lcnlsrealLytreedto be nnxginedvc
and a bil sr.'rrealro enjo_vrhis cxcrcisc
'I
he renrarksare pritued oD CB p.144.but you may
preierro do rhis simply es r lisrcningcacrcise.
If you \r,antstudenrsto wo.k ln more det.il on this
exercGe, thc_v$ itl problbly need io refer to tle lisl of
rcm2rksln ilieir Lrooks.-{sk then !o \rork in pdrs, but
R'
F rr.t .-ot r, ..r.ni
l1..
rr".l
is lo prirdlsc lhc languaaeof speolaiion

e.E.Remark5(aB p.r11)
A: Thit could hare beensai.l ht i,reone saynE holr
stupiditX.iustto bu.fonedog tuo Llntbesur
. n

l.t'^. h t lt

upn a r.tagard ^ t.d, 11.

thd no uoul.l becomparyjar eachother.

'thats
aPassibiliry,but I bet it l)ds saneane refer
ing to light bulbs It s ttuite lihelt, th.1tthe lhteret
has sdidsametbittgabout b :,)irl9d light bLtlb,
--bi.h thq broke ahnast immc.lidtel!, and the
I.vt...\'.

\.,

,,t-^ |d,.

A : I d.nI expe.t eltheroJ uris nglrt!

Ft)

t lt.ai

19,,,

(. zrpq unap pass?!.J

abuatu an's tarau u0:, oqtn uaead
Ltlnoqo4p1otpa s!Lntss .ka aqJpu, f,auou
pua.1a3up112t.s
aq1laddr;l aqs, 3 a' Qtn|.,
a1slaht snotnt9.+,) p43od s'q u aloq Lreunq 1!
plto.ot ilu1|1,u saaptt slt qra!)s!q1ul[llLtolls
t
([auou a ],|
sD ssat.D aua. rusaot IF ao -n laat d 3 ot I
[ea 8ulsn 3q1.:a4rtu 10 op.']) 8tr!1ls.oqsDua
(1aP2utaq
Z
'saa.rs
tu ultrasrno[ ]nd
r
luLo1FDq PuDq ltqpazaa btaqs ;Ja) azaanbs01 l,
(,<rr d .d)) s.ta;nsay
G.Dld
s4 uo{u"4Dt sDa pa[qa aqr rDq] sall.JLu!, Ql'us,
asPraxl / t
soanryn '.tutp Iu paqqotB aqs, 3 a 1xa[qoaqrJo
paouar aql aq.nux quassalau r,usaop,qor\ luq
(stId)) saqrop:-roqderaru/u.tolpl
'euuauas dotlanasqan qloq).ttirg o|.la q.l,usol t
(,1aq1.)
qtta a433nq Llatuaas01pooB\,[, 3 a);tnq 01 a
(, IUL!8, 9aq
puoq .Dq p?qxtnP aqs 'spaarr aql uL , atrqpooS
l:Ds ar pas'/|b! pLot raqtau raq ar 3uq3 aqs oll
uralslq1 u1 1!ltJ'al ar tir traqr
-pts aql
p u o t!
3 a',..uoaalp, arow [|Lt|ru.. s.1
|Y,
n uaqllq. loqt a.u'qx
Jj n@q sAutql ncluatuat
aloradsap ouosDq,ot8u!p, uad.Jotl
naqq
laal
D
s,anq.soddtls l sluanalurLt.vllutlo saDp aql
., b-utu3s!Ln.[ntt9L4qlauos o3qno[!-[Qtxuo
taqaauai 4daad aqout oi hpto ui pasn nq.oa1
b uDl uatl:atsqan qpq ) qlry) ar-b o1,u!p ai t
tuo1stqaqt uaod aqt sam t! I pas.u.tunsaq luprnan
(<tI d
sodse'
sl)
sanplb
r
tTls! ctxlqm tuaodJb pu!4 atuoss! slqJ t
'[ot,QaD ! pa o] pooz iou e ti rnq r'4nput
asl)rexl 8 t
poa{ aqt .!ol paaS aq ,(out paal4lot[ pL( s] 1!.{oaBDs
(8nq'.zrrnbs'qu8'd!3 'satu?ctr po.{Eunt Fna aat 'ul]a ln e$uop
aql fioqtt a4aad 8u!tuDn uaauD.Jaa qqvaH aql
tq na uas &ltqpuas aq rq8! 1 11trqt lqtlq\sod o
'ru poolt uorfua4,r aqnnor n Z
s aaq h'aq
'Noqsal
'iippn)) su.ou $
Pasn3q osp ur lurqrJo 3ulos rnq
s.:ua^sr prsrr)xrd..E asrr3xa sqlrtr spro{ SurPloq
rql rzarrrs E er"Lt oo oc..s?rqo rqr P.PnPu'
u.sakl svu$uq) ?qL enBolBIDpaPiorar aqJ

(stt d sf,) SulPlotl:sqle^ a^rlduf,sao

'aslJrax. .q] ,rot..l ss.trord sN] lo .Idrul'l

ur sEq ']t
II rnoqr tuDltEr aru -{aql ulotpt qrtqA
ssan8ItN dnor8.rt ur sruapNsraqro suolssrrdt.
as.Lujo auo'.sn r.usaoprnq 'sal4srlll qrq,\ anSol
rtp troqs x dn alEu or slxd ul lro,t or srueprusIsY
Qaqlatu
s.aua tLl P,uanLlu! ta Palla!1lta. q.flu oor aq ot)
rana "nIt'u14s ud.lo s,nqput hq ol Pay tDts
'l:uua,
nasdn to l:t8uD pB tn f,aqt astuaqto
rut'D.l',c/\
i P|p,'4/oI
u14s
ol pasn st uolssarda aefipuo ,DaB Icp.t
1 ttat.

l@

.j .

\ L r E a . 4 t r I t u t q e t t t "!.
,.,t l
'..qttav4,:.n
'

Qa10t
asn nno. nat q.lqnpu!tu ul8u,s10 ultld r)
aiaaF tnol .ln Sul qrauas arDq ot Dapl paal D

alDlnboo. uarY un ta
laukto2 t' ttsnar ltiptu) udnara Illltlun raqlor
.,o.

"

(jolnbqpra,., \.t,

"-

.._,

..e,dnt.t I,qt

t/

D.l

uolllroltad anoldu! ot Lto{k LtDJb

d'\1..;rl
tlJ -sr'",

poo? o pDq IUr.t. t:aqt. na[ 4utrq1 f,Dsa! paddD

naqt ot [auou panqv&a. eq a.{n auotuai.
ot puas laqt rauat aql aq tsnu n aldaadpalq8rs
3u1s1a1ul sasllD!.
,ttt1ilyod p1|DpltUq nlrauau
ads qrtqtl Ltoullslurtua ,lluttcr. a aul aq a.n
f,Dtu rr )aaalo ao4i.orrxa uD t E '2ardsl stL I
(t L d 8)) eansuD alqlssod
(rrJo riorl..s slqr ur P.rJadxa
st ]qn\ pu! uEx. aqr ul .\\arN.ru aqr Jo slErap roj
g boz d gl rx ]oo'0 uo rurmor uaqr pui p?3.Ior
pap.rtp sl ruapnrs.lp qJlqa Jo oar llqtssod ro ruo
's.3Essrdlloqs.n aiaqr '1d:tu:rur ^truattrUord
3qr uI

esr)Jexal al^Jatul9-t
aEq paPaau.q I]]{ sssEqd
Jo .3u"r IInl rqr rEqrIlaI{ sI1I .lqlssod.iaqd uolr
rtmedsJo rtpn8uel aql.snr"rd or s uorssnrslP.ql
'uI6Y
Jo .sodlrd aqr reqr aou)t .{.r]l erns arlxu
'uorssnrsp.qr uI F^oJ
I{38 tr.qr sre.l? Itqa o1 sx suoDsaSSns.ruos .rt
araql gt .qr q sea,{ e^U lx.u .ql u! sertr ro su^\ol
rrqr uI rq rq8ru :rrqr r8uErttrJo ]irtl.Io s38u'rql
rxq,r ssntrsrpor'dnorF ruo stro'sdnol3lllus
ur lroa or sruapnF rJsy srrdor l"ajrns ss.I or 'I)t.t
q8norq,{ou st uotssnrslP .qr '.slJraxr $'?i :l]l r.rJv

:ec|}cerd
raqunj 5 9
uolssnrslp

rN )ljfj

to culdle (ta hol.ls'.ne.hse. in d 1utbo Possessite

,J t. 1 .,t t;
t t ..9 t-.
toclenclr (tu n.the.t list,lstd t sedtasholt)
tlnpr, e.g. H".lenched his fista d hit the lible )
ta snLlltle (ia git.au{artdble itlsrne s dtr6 1!e'
,ll)lll ..11,..'4 l. Ett '
tittl lt:here ot hob?e{l Shesnrlgqle.lclaseta
binl LIesnuggle.ldtnnin beratirs. )

Regrets1cap.t+e;
eier.lses reini{)rccand
Zerl.?l /tr&: \ oc. bLrl2ry'
'_
|
h"t
l'll
/
.loP
sirr\' md aho identicalp{i$ ofwods. nole rnd
ttdlofre: A derthin thc hDill.
vo.dbulal!: fM \egelxliorl: 5v: i.lenticxlpriN

--.
. i^ p, n F<r fccl.o:

n:.pocr

. lo respond
to thcsefee igs (heptulror.r..oynry).
5.I Exercise:
listening
& speaking

H nzs

I Ask siudcntsro llsicn to rhe recordeddirlogue '1

death in the.t'tnilt, !i(l spccul.rierboul stur hxs
hippened and Rt-!.
(shc lcli rhe dooi ofthe bni cxgc opcn and dle
crt gor tltc birdnlri.h belongedt() Tim hcr son?)
Ph! Lhclirbgue xgdn
.,,,1.
,,.,,..,
i ,
build up {he conleMiion ,?a/1r,fton Lhcke}
No(ls. Plersemake s!rc rhc!.lonl Nriie rr\'lhilg, as dre elentl'rl xin ot Lhcc\c(iise is lo
rcproduce lhe.on\rsxti(n wiLh thc mturirL
,i Ph_vthdieloguc rgxin so rhe s dents.an.h..k
dratdre! liavc builLil up correcd-v
5 rlsk rh.n Loprx(lise llre .onle.s.tion RiIh Lhcir
ncigl our, pr_\'ingp.rliculer attcntionlo tLLcNal
p]x.6es like lnight h11c koown rnd s|oLrld
ne\er hale left' xrc spoheD.

speal<ing
5.2Exercise:
AsL srdents lo read ihroLrghthc inslruclionsanu
iooh rr rhe e]r;lmplebefor. thc) txLklc llte phrnse
\orcs on sone ot the plinscs:
\o'1.1 ..'hrsa vcry
L'Imighrhrleknosrr.

30

resigne.lfccl ro it. The speakerfeelsthet lhc

$.o'ld is agrnisLhcr.
2 I a']sh/if olly'see Grammxr ChapLcr6l r prrcIice on the limilcd lcnsesnhich lollow tnis col
I S(dcr-\spcrlingthe ihree phkscs comected qilll
nroie sell:
bla.re 3nd fault arc nor fcally regrei-s,
recrnninxting.Hoqe\er. ihey rend to be rsed as
e{ensons ol rcgrel.
4 'I di.l$rrn rou and I .lid say you should obvc
ously hrlc x bit ofa feeLof I tokLyou so.bout
rhcm.The tlid is there ior cmphasis,and s.,
should be srressedin sp.cch
'J.
| .1l u
cxenples .,l txrly rnhelpful. faulistic conrme s
\lich peppe. rhis kind of con\ crs.rlnxr.
6 urke sure studenLsgct dre le$ three phEses
xccurxre- There's.o poinf,'ft s no use and lts
not r ofth Thc irJr two of ihesethnses can
the l]tie. one needstheaofd it'
sranclrlone. LrLrL
ri the end to nakc ir conrpleie.
5,3 Exercise: short conversations
Ask shrdentst() look.rr fie jllusnationson CB p.1.i7
.lnd. usingrhe hnglragc ol regrelsxnd rcsponses.sa,v
thc Nods ile,y drink Lhcpcople nighr be rsing !r
cxch ol rhe sinLxiions.fln Lhclnst piclure-dre ofii.e
silu.Lti.rr,drink of thc nxD rs so|reone nnro is des
per-]lel.viry_iigto hoklon lc, hls iob. rnd is tuLlofsclf

5.4 lnterview exercise

rhoughls
Ask studemsfirst ol xll Io considerthe 2cLLral
dut n.uld go tlirough lheir headsifthev found thcm
selvesnr dres. situalions Thls should bdng out len
glnge like I \rish I hild re!e.borowed thc car in the
ti$i phcc. or'I blxnre myself for thc crrslt,I reall)'.
shoul.l liavc been .h iring sLo\\cr.'
The. gei thefl to n.n,e lrom the innedixtc to lhc
rnore speculativebv 2sking dleir !o discusshov tlicil
livcs rvould be affect.d by theseeven1s.l he,vshol'lc1
usc hngunge like I imxginc D)" strndxrd oflning
\orll chaDged.xnaticalll'lf I losl xll rw noney or
'I thilk peoplendrl.i look xtme ditierenth ifther
knes l had bcen areskd jb.sh.,p lifting'

lE:"!r!.v
ldiom/metaphor:yegetation(cBp.144
\11e dle]rcgrc A.ledth tr th? &mtll illustra|c.l tlic use
of onc of thesenliorns. l'his rcally ls /re ldsl sr?a,

Itr

rn:lp.urur ssf,l sxrua' .rorlr

rlq.|rll r s[rnos r[erS )q p.nxl]. s.{uli_at
o^\r ,s.q] uae,\\raq.)uer{lrp )lrll ,!lr^
pnatJ pu. .rra13eq ll.l trl.l t
sr ar.\r
,rr.rl..i
qrr.\ 8ur ur I.l Pi,\oTIoJplr 'SugDJo -ir.\ lri! ol!' ot sr. iru!.r no-i o(t !
'i"s
tnru.qrlo lrrL'nDo.ldo)Ltruoi_r..l taqto.LLr
r!ri, or >_tu!.rritll]ios .r| rP$ s.rxrrPu' 1l ert^.p
iJuqraqr alitod p $ .noi qrra ntal' ttr s.rrr! tr, ' Z
'ssiua-!n!,ruJ i.))Lrrr.l.p rss.uarrlod{o\s
ro
'
'd I
.l:'
t
r
'
t
"r'u
s.ssqd rqr lo.uos uo s.roN
lo rlrnoqr
stu.Pnrs.qlrrL! sasu{d l.l.sn iuP rsll aqr ur arrld
rnrrdoddx :L! or ppi osll' s.]xads .\r uri^\rrq
drqnrcrrxl.r r\r rnquorrrinrs Jqr x)u sr BuLLlrruu
rodu Nonr.qi s.ln]lrd LtS oqrt! suorrrnlrslPu'.'olu'
pl'x llru'.'oJur rlqllln! roiu u'aas sastrqo rprl.{ ccrl
-srpr.qr.8or pur n'J .qr Ul rlUtq .srqd .qr rr {ool

:esrcrax3
SulssnrslpPu;1eads
79
'afr d
uo u)\l:j siJulPrlq
8:)
aq!:pun Iio.{ Pl'nnti_^aLLt.
Jo lolqr u'r) ^JLI]sE
snraua8ul$E pu. su.l.l Sussa.dralo sip \ ru.rqjlp
iuxu sr ruroFln .l ot s.lnoii olur sruirplrlsJr]] r.9

Sululrorsurrq
:asrraxl t 9
!.!,ra;uu? p.rB! ! :u Lt:?arlo sl?M
a 1 l u a e t o e S u e p o o t Ed n p i n q o r ) t u e r x e t .
.i
Dplo au:qr s.trrojltrai poollo.urqr - llo rno. :1.\
l.pua
srrrJuFr 's..lErl!
asoot
r
rr.
\\!,1:t{btnqDta
.p1I..sool.
rr as?{d s:pnpu pua)aa\.itr.tot suq.l:r",Dao
lroq.lrtau .ad!qs, :?rlt 1r4a27
'pat)J:qu .uotuaw

(eltdel) stuaureBue;;e
puesue;4

;tllua.ut t la:lt tua.

D 1 o a . l s n qt n u 1 D T D q t t ts t 1 D ) I i f u t u n s o t O I
nrload.dt4 Pu, -Dnal
,(ijp.sn ).to sal.tr.qt .!pnd aqt tDqt l.ofpD: p sl 1I 6
J,aC
eqt snLlaqo l/bts.aa tirdat ap9
1,na tu,dn
"4..bso p t an
I t3
I I
fl ! D ln att 1Los! ssau lsnq.ub li qt

t;luot $nl at at

PultDt |t11,llunat
nou u.issn\rp stql.hiss,DI I

',, a.l

elu'Ll .qt 3uol9 p uDq ui puDt:tp4la.4s atnt aqJ 9

uassalrLt tuu?41
ttJ'j1rlaqD ua puD uo03., anDq! uof na^ r
1!.lo421s1|D.nao1
puD ltr rath ,{t1ppoal autDsaqt pDq aa uosud ut ,
I q.D uDuatptleaqt araqrl uaslad
.qt arDat at toLt 111113DbrapuD rano hr)'l nat anJ t'
ptpsutlq qa p.vai,qatuu$d
3u14aaj'.ua,1qaua utuol aqt tJ,t st.ls1unuaqt. z
laPotu aql a4olu 01alqr
nat(dtrs tcqfu1ssuolt.Lav|a. ttLqlolno,fJi I
$1.1 .1,a)) shmsu, atqlsso,I
.\

aslrJaxl 9 5

.Itlll.t.toJ arotu ptlo atoa

8urtr.; u.L :a8rn8urLslrl Jo .T.lur.\. ur pEq,lrerl

aqtu! qlD.pv't.1.lt\Irslqr u.n;ot'p p.pF))r rqJ

(gl dsl) sJIEdIE)lluapr:l.re1nqero,r

letradg
'lr asrun-oJer
|,''.
|-- tL
| .r,. q:
asaqrto.uoJo nutdL'P t r.il?u or P.l,_x.rr sruapnrs
ulo!3 aqt$u1|1ilDsao'
6
'''t qnlnq
a
8
' t 1.
r.-r. 1n
'''
D
ut
aqslnu
11
11140!
9
Llot{pawtuars
S
'nt'rLaql
sv,n
r\rl
/,
qet4 aql naq' tuullaq
f'
JDattnauo ranop?uJr4 z
totD a4 {JaF
r
.F suol
ukJo 's[araq.natl q]ttnsot[ o.11a 1r.aqtlLt!.s
rLla.la.o tiltn.tllp.rDq 01= ulotg aqt ruloit, ob al
l a t u p n l o L rs rp q l o p u t . 3 a t = t n o p l t 0 1
Itt su!8!o stlattDtttu04a1ua.01=aLo4uaisol
:311iqu ?&p ,ulop,q pLt'c$a ot = !1o q.uo.q ol
DrFq tlulq|alttus
Dt.rnlrpqaq rnol a7ure oi = lbal aa1.t}i rara runi al
stuan01.l
lo sauasD.Dtlb tLttdJ 8u]4oat.! aqt - tnr.4s r$1 aql
tL[arq aiDs.nasll1ituLnsa|= aqstnu, u]SqLstndo1
atn .Aat hats 01= 8ot o a4!1daaF al
jubd aqt at ta' tau'pa!4ns DtbqD
iU.a1!! 3lt!4DadsploaD at - qsl1q.ry tnoqD lDaq al
(tI d trl) sdsF

asP-3xls s

SPEAKIN6

H nso

6.3Exercise:
dialoSue

Thc susgesledmethod of explolting the recordeddia

logue may seen conplcx. but it s worth lr)'ing as x
vanarionolpresentation ft.lso aivcs thc srudcntsfie
oppotunityto lnovc around and lo fcel they a.e pro
vicllngsomc input oflxnguage.
The studenrshave goi the lnstructionsir thei
books, but here h a siep bl step guide:
1 Dlvide the classlnto rwo groups,As and Bs, and
tell them th._varc going io be loohing ar en
incompleteconvcrsntionbcNeen nlo people disoNsnrg then phns fo. thc wcckcnd.
2 The A group look at CB p.2.i1an.l the B group
look ai CB p.2.12.
3 Eachgurp musr discussrogtherwhar they could
sxy in rhe missinghalf ofthci. convcrsationso
Ilur it its . The,v all then s riie down an ag.ee.l
ve$ionofthis which is dre same.
,1 Thcn A meer tss xnd erch oi them should .ead
tlie part that isprinteLl, nat the Paft thdt the! hare
ju,it urittd tloLLn. (;lhis nay solrnd st.angc. bul it
5 Dudng the abovc, Lhcyshould iislen. silhoul
w'irin!1,toahatthe othefpc.$n is sxying and
compareit s'ith s'hat ftey Eaote eadic.
'lhen
tbey go b.ck to thch originel groups and
discuss the differcn cs and whelher rhey are
inporent dlffercnces- dre srudenrsonginxl ideas
may bc jusr.ls good. A-sa gDup theyxll lrake ?ny
chxngcsdrarftey leel are necessary.
As and tssnleer rgxh and.ead rhe dirlogue as
bef()r.Erch stu.leffs complereddirlogle wj]]
i " . l l h l , u \ b , . l o " i n f o r o - o r ( ) 1 , 1.
i .1 tu71. i\ttd.1dd

-u.."

\ r. I.tu

6.4Exercise:
speaking
StLrdentscan vary dre r{ ords dre,! LLsehere as long as
they foLlow rhc ptumpls:
Possiblea8uer l.CBp.l5A)
A: \Ihat are lou .Iainp. tonight?
R: t rL gaing to a Beethoren cancex .tt lbe CiA Hall.
\Lbdt abautrau?
A: tvell, t lJadPlanned to go oLt Ior drtnet n^itb Jobn,
bLn he s ill, so ue cdn't ga.
to the concet"tbith me,
B: Look, .1al,au.fan.f.aming
Ile gat a sPal? ticket.
A: that soundsgreat. malth;.
B: Slralloe meerou^i.le the Ci Hallatdbaut73A
A: md suitsne Jine See)xtutben.

i'-r-

.-

6.5Exercise:
speaking
As en extension of fie above exercise and as a way ot
cncouragingthe studentstouse the languagcnalu. ding) 1.ruJ .,...:-ir'.:
,J).1.,'.pof
out for a meal logetherone eveningnext wcck. Mrke
an arengement which is suMble for -vouxll
6.6 Exercise: interview exercise
'i
he stlrdenrs arc ashed rc pui ihemselves in lhe roles
ofbusiress associalesaftL to afiang a time tbr x two
houfmeeiing ncxt wcel<.They will need lo reierto
lhen diades,an.l bc preparedto be l'lexiblelTell the
grcrp Lhartire No people con.ened know each
orher in ileirbusiness lives only. thcy are not bosom

tt*efr ask rhe snrdents to draB a dlxry pxgc in rheir

notebooks.Then.lidelc the infonnation ftom one
diery to one haifofihc group, and diclatefie second
diary to dle othe. hall
Or w.ite the i.fomation on r$,o piecesof paper end
give one to eech of th gror.rpsso they can all copy it.
The inibmration is as foilows:
Ai You are a selesdirecrorof a london base.l
Mon:

11.00JackDanicis(accouffani)
l3.rl0 Lunch forJsne Sessions(30 yearswfth

lL.:

l'r'p.rp.rripb
l 0lun $,
17.30Ileathrow: l'light B-A.193
Rome saies tdp

\ved:
lri:

fug)

12.00Heathro$ 8A196
16 00 Tennls Jo

B: Y.,u rre dre manage.of a textllc faclory ln dre

DocklandsareaofEast lon.lon.
Mon: 9.30Tony (productbn problcrs)
14.00lire safer_y
inspection(at least2 hourt
Tues, 9.30Orrseasbl'yem visitingladory
runch with buyers
19.30Theatre Imponence ofBeing Earnest
lped, 11.00linion meeting(pay ncgodanons)
Thurs 11.00tsoxr.lmeeting
frl:
14.00Dentisi

(cBp.t50)
shapes
ldiom/metaphor:
In the rccor.led clialogue 7le ueekerul a^e ot the
speakersuscd an idiomerice\ptessian'at a bit of.1
/oosc.,l; which mea to be unexpectedlyfrce'.
This plMse cones in rhc following exercise.

t-r

'uousi;jtnsrr.qr.trs
puc rt(qr or.t!ru sru.pnrsr$ a1L3or.inrrd. uo
.,iprorrr rn.s$rJaql plc,qor.!rt!s-.! .q lf.\\ rI t
.s!o.lsat
Jl.txtlls 1rro uonPnuDuoratqxrnrsrr.qri. rsa:
;ns sru3pnls .sr1Pdt srire{l $u .rrn qrx. u] z
ilurpr.r iur ^!rltu r.uopinErs strll
is{ooq rr.qr u, pr$xd .s'Tu.$ suorrsrrll
r! nrq
.(Ir'. $1_rtr.\r u,) suonsrnb lo sSuruuL'lJ!
ro 'suoits.nb . q] or uilsll or srlirPnrs:\llry
T

lr@

:asrlrarl l l
Suil?ads
SSuruarsrl

'suorsanb 4qrdoJddrr slsJiSns

Put :_uosrr.rllil
rqJIP pu. sdtrtsuonil.r rlrr.xrp suorrlrlls lu.riJJIP
auor.
rn $l(DIri(hrq. sq.l iJuo.r{ sr,\ $rnb.J.$Jo
irt .snrraq .L:u.rsu.qr turstrroSrnrl lfol t(uorrrur
-roFr b uourr r:{! Suqr.LuosruEA rloi u.rlt llrrl
Dur.d'suorrs.nb tsl ol rlqr i.t or lttls |tuesnI srn

a_.rurls|unarr.)
p! )llLl:i.q1lsE01aqE.q or.
altlrol uorFonblo
s.senr qrnout :-\(l:.llrr.\!iqr dn
ruois.4r.rP,rr firlDrJtru rrrs.utop :l^i/I :,aiqzqrrol
'suolsenb spuDlluar.ljtp :sandolDlo
lo
.rurud tuqxeds alti
ui p.sn i.llr,\ .)t! dn .uo.s a.!L'Por. urclpi uP sPuarrx.
:4u!l r)rL\z 1
pur sirrojul.r rllrrera !.lltl1\o\

rrors:'arla
"
\a!!ub. D) iltlnnh WauL )ltPBatt.unq aBLDq.
o1a!.!..uLosn] a1= 6 ..u.ntas ) ll.la lna aDusal
dqLs.Pattall
s lo ttta.ua,s4l4 a]
ar/,: aPni!!)tl = (aI a.u.tLta\) 3t:11
uatDEullLtP/asuald
DilD?rtloi = (I nkatlas) Sqt.sJbttnqrDq al
111^hl
[at.-n L! au a!]Dq.t : at a. u at ut:.) d'qLsla 1r a l tas ol
roLrq raoqs s tlrulr.ur uI
DU.TaJIP aqr - arpnr r s.ju.)rtrrs ur.l.|ssod qroq
.rx.8qr.s lo nnr r.l{) or p(llr.fill.sJo rno ra8 ur,

ru oslr

n4 su.r0t]uqrbr r.rlo Jn:.J)ql ]nq 9 Pur J: Z

s.ruJurs ui P.$1 .q plnor ,ill].s..
Jo rno uriJ ur.
:]urrrr uD ' P ol drlJJro sflurutraorraql
rsnN]rq sarualu:s.1]] Io iuo ueql rrorr u pJsn.q
pl'1or srrcDnur.Fuor. qr Jo .nns lxqr sn'lpnN ur.d\

tl.dtltrtDu

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a[
' 'ap ot tatt?st qlilu\4paruLJq.
6
'(araq
au
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o
3n
flaat
aralu a.l
Gq!.rqlnattlll1) 1llDsDaltl
.'
noJ/.4oN
/
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T ..,t!

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9
IttD 7o3t.tt
t
' anDaloltDqt pa4tn
.
rrnnsoupaq
.uau 8!n a.Ld.rtoI4"an|"sllai
I
t.It1(ta)) s.Gtt uo al.lssod

(zsI dt) suolrsanb

3ur4sy

asrrJaxl 8 9
'su'r:rxrnquotrqF^ as.Llrtsrr.rro ol saf,uar
u.s .,lrrlJrsnlliu{o rr.qr rlu.tr or srLrrpllr_)sv
( :r.nt,{iu'r s.loqqooq:1! ur ,i.lor I Pur.l
pt )tr{poctou pur rno |as r sr.\ looq {.u FH S )
!l.I rt. s.do),sr)lrr ou a,p al.\l nx0lilssJ'ns llq
'IpJJ]ur os sr qrnl{ lurqliurcs) nio ll.s n:oslPiloN
Pa.pul
tan'op or tr.FlliLs t tt t tutl 1! o!111.1
].Jtu1 ti t :ti q t s
L!1patlo;tMtal a! pt | - (t a.u.!!es) tqt.s ll 10.har!ol
ntDs'ait !11tqlDnsn q Lt.!.t ]t 1qi s
a]oisa 01: l ,uatLzs) 3q|s.[o nn ].t al
31.t1orLuo.LJ
3?/.s
op at lrt asaoq.ar = t6.iu)tuas) ilqLsJann t./t).)l
tl
araLual ns p?at1.rn laL.LltPllo d1.tls
..t.rof,uqrt qstutlol = (9 a.uatlt)s) tq s/a tl1a trt.l
abJ;q try nol'
q,naqtp'aiDq a!tou = (a2. al1t$) r'q|.s/a tltu atl o1

SI d 8f.l pooJ :ouroql

qJaA
.Jotno, :suollEu!qulof,

'rsDr.xa aqr jJIN

ul rqr
m a.npeJord sntiJo atd'urri Ln sr..'aqr. pJqs.sJp
8ur:.lsr )Lro qtrq,\ssJB u'r) i.qr l'.is pur
dnort rqr 01r'.rqxrsrp !_uo,srrJdx).s.qrlo auo asr
pl'ur.!.\r !.tt\i uoBrnrh,.r lo llurqr or sruaPrus)lsY
' ' ' p u d ) s o o l t r J . l t q ) Dl D
l
'\.a.a14.ttlDn
L)
pilnu ! auD4ltlilt aqt ut
t
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,
(
Lbltolt
DI.IQ
1toll
rntr
o
lpl!!
ln
aqsD pas sllo -sadx, sttlD et.lrrelaDtnr
t'
'
pattt
slu..1DLu
a
'eP1lr
punol 'ulat;
L0
l
(0!! d g'Ji sraDs'r'

s tuz.ld ln,al at aLb.s aanl:2t J

ot: tt -uatLlas) )raqu.sJo r1. auo.s )totqt o)

esDr3xS 1.9

4 Thc rccording ivlll thcn give one possibilitl. so

the stu.leniscan see hon closelheywere,:rnd
nhetherdrey identilied whll tlk qucslbn was
5 Alier drey ha\ e nnde sussc ons xnd hcaf.l thc
suggestionson tlie tapej discusstogedter$,hich
questnn(s) fulfil wliich lunctions
la@/s (Cll p.152)
t nr. u., Iar.toJ.",,
.,,
".tl.t' .t...',
Da rou mili d if I atk rou d .tuesttull?
t hope)nu.lont mindne atknry, bu|... ?
/ knau it -.none aJit! businelr, b 1...?
2 O1r?uqf ol indi.ating d shnng enation:
Ith! a e.o1b .. (or, Wh.1tan earth. trlha on eat7h,
3 otle bq) o[cbechins infanndtin

bef.rL nakins a

villlou be. . ing.. ?

,l One ua! afcomphinins 6lisbrlt s.trc.tstict),
Dolou mi1l.l atPldyillq tbe riolnl tll tliEht?( rbe
5 ane open rcqlte:t, L-bicb dlhus the linend tu sa!
yarr hLrren't...,harc.you?(the intanatkn nseson
tbe'rou oJthe queekn tag)
6 ane q)eD' questta]7,asking Jbr i ]tbmatialL
Do lau h.tppet|ro knau...?(1he c. nstntctian LLred
iir 5 dbore Itd tbe one Ne.l hetu are interchan!:e
able in that tbeF)rnso[the 1Ltesttunscanbe Ne.l
Iar reqLtestsor ashil A /br it|[omdtion. Ther botb
shon tbdt the speaker it not gatull tu be sut?ti,ted t
tbe li-ttener sq,s 'no' )
7 ane quiLk requestfor an erc rydq) adion:
Shut the.laar, caul.l !ou? (unPdatirc soJftenedbf
4 questian tag, an.l LLteJul.forqui.h icquests thdt
ca se r7oprobleDtsfor t/7. lL'teneD
8 T1la.l'ti rhmat
tuqt aI dshin{: for penn issioD:
\',/o1tblit be alligb! iJI lelt tbe cl.tss ed ! tunish1?
htotice tbdt ganin.ltic.tll!
leJli is canpd)
volt kl Jort lr1i11d
if L . ed ...?(.Udut lntice the
tense o[ ]he reft dfier' il')
9 o e bdl. o[cbeckr|g thatdnacti.t1 is.tc.eprdble:
Do-lDu ,tind megoiltg olt toltiqht?(theIotm a n.t
rbJ)rbtn .t tbis quenion shou)slbd I it bas dlre.klf
been estdbli-thedthat tbe sPeakeris g.itlg.ut
t \'..h.1h,

tu,

f\,.,.,,n

lt,d1

Studentsiork in paiIs, ore asking the quesiionand

rhe .dler respording. Mrke sure bor:hstudenrs lakc
tlrns to bc thc askd and rcspon.tcf.Thcrc arc manl
iat-s thatstudentsask quesftDs s-hlch are safe,e g.
CoulLlyou ... ? l lie purpose ofthis exercisels not ibr
thcn to usc thc qucstionsthat tircy alrca.ly know bui
ro cxrcnd rheir kno$4edge rnd rrr sorne new fortu.
Possible ansaers ICB p.1i2)
1 Pass,k la r,:lictiondry.coul.l lo ?
2 will \bu be .hiLi t|g i D n! .l irc.tion b night?
3 Joh1r,I hope)D tlon t min,,l neaslenry,b 1istour
hairndtunl J, bbnde2(oi eitberoJthe other tu.|)ts
of dskiIrya delicateq,esLian)
You coLtkln't lend n1e.t,3Aun til the end of the
Sar'th,I hnoa i! s |1oneafn! b siiless,but hDtr
bill u^t yaur ptit ii-te?
wb an edtlh .1i.1you lend bnn !2aa? hLt har.l\r
7 M^ Turnct, I hof)e)rtL dant mind ne askiltq, bul
da:tDu tlr'inh Wu.oul.l expldm tbdr agdin? | still
.hn't un.le,statL! it.
8 \vb dithea nEbt i/I h,r.t d da!.t//.t1[tidq,?
bu see,I boul.l re llr like 10Ba ta the ailpa,r fi)
neet d.fne D.l ulJo's drti, ins fiLDt Sinltdpare
9 |rc.l, .b la min,:l not i1ren1@tine dll tbe tine!
It s.lnri BneuP the udll.
lA Da fou n itl d carclinelot ne totlight?ftLitb tbe
slfessa1r 'ttilrtl
oLhent is<.it is not ,,1ch..ck ques
tion hut almasr an oiler!)
11 Passthe renote cantl ol, co ldfou?
7.3 lnterview exercise: role-play
'l
his exercisehxs no xnsne$. Stu.lentsare xsked io
setup r rcle play in nhich onc ofthc gfoup Lrccomes
a fxnbus pcNon and the odicrs arc journnlins who
harc to lntcraicq,this 'srer. The joulrrlisrs luvc LO
dccidc the arcasin $tich tlky are going io ask qucs
tions (seesuggesti(nsin C!,2llhough Lhcynight
'
rr'.'r,l
dd.., - 'lr,
t s ir '
".,
rheselopic xrexsin orclefthat he/she has some idea
'1liejo!
beforehand.
nelists h.vc to Lrepfcpercd to
vary thc fomis of thcir qucslions h rcspoDsc ro LLlc
celebriryrnd thc otherjourrli isrs

lL,

checking.Q)m?d,?: Dolou inrd l luoafi

tonigbt? littit ial request)

Vocabulary
ldiom/metaphor:
domestic(cBp.rs3)

7.2Exercise:
asking& responding
This cxcrciscgivcs prxcLiccin choosingthe rightn.ay
ofasking a g!esti()n.

tB1

e.g. A tiiend is zlrrtns.tou up tbe o.tllby .onst^1arlyintemr$ing whityouie sa_ring.'(Excf.isc7 2. sen

ou sr .Dqr.3E\_ srql lY flt aqt u ur^d suoitrsodord

.qt lo Ip io Iu'i tursn nl'U;:)rrls rlrt:J qstutl or Pur]
lurq aseJqo.1l]rr 1ool.,r Patsr.rx sruaPnrsn'ors
a'ar.lx..qrlo leal aqrBurrra8Josasodnd aqr rcC

Suleeds:asr axl l'B

(uontratasI'ruosJ..l 'r ipu..u u isrsnlrr'r.t)
suo'ssar.lla at.t'rs'lpur I'rJ3snr.pFuo) Jr Irq^\ o)
parrurr srrar.lxqr slqr u! uo PosrltroJ
.tDfuPI.qJ
{ q { t d , ' a r u rI - , , i h
.ti'...
)
ot ua3s.loo.o lsou.JrT l'r.r u|srniq.p uor$^alat uo
.{luo pJsn rq ot pu.i pu'r I^r.rt f,l'l irc suorssrrdr:
aqr Jo rot r rnq 'xao srql urtl.s.uo turss)rdr. Io
sfta Iuxu .r! arEql uour'Its uroo.rssrpr ur l.rlrxu
rlur ortinJut,p s, suorudolo aSenSurtaq];lrclrtr.s
srqt ur i8?nBurl]o dro.t3raqx) lux uPqraror,\r
|'.,lssDs'p
rJo stto.tpuEsnl|I aql ispjoareqx) ur sn-urpuprsj.p
unsm at.trssoddn SurrPip pu. uorssnrsn rol pJLa\
joJ srun.1tuiu nd 'aur..ilpsnr pu" Fur.)IFr 'uorurdo
ue 'Ju,ssar.lx.sr.^or rat.fuqtrsqr ur:iJxniJuq.)qJ
.u .!t1 *o

PLryxaq
If'1,"a .'p"41 "n'' ! l"lu3 'r
\ d. ." ! !.et,t.Jdtl
-.1c!
tu.j{rap
uaq.hE a.lad |oq1 .nt4 narl pKr
tltqd E! ;JLtlurdi; pu nari aql uo l:Dt .H 9
't.

:t

..ttt: \t..,,

tt\!d

r!",

.'

. ,(/j

'azaaL' atu s.lou n.ldaJ

tqtlaap as3u1t!8tsnal ata rLra

'
t1floq ter.l .qt hl sulutnrtt uaa.l al,nt\
PrDaq.lnr Dq ut tqr o aDs atts L.aqmpatuDans.rts

'trl|q'.I1trtt!

_c
I

1|rl'l'az aa1.t
s 1lbts u Dar.s
l trdtF '.4']rg:alt.sfl1 ?qIIa ra|,rc ,)ql uI
(t_.1d a)) s:rds,r

iJs(r qrrq,\ srqr)srp

qrr^ qrq.\\ {Jlrrept slurpnts rqr qlrl\\ r.qrr8or Pux
s.srou q]nouJo uolralto) E z EurP.rcJ.uIxtd

aslrJaxlEl
Zl@
(ts I d gtr) sesrou qtnour :sqra,\ a rtdrJrsac

uossDsp?lo
ol qriLtMe3!n3!?_1o
a:uu P.+?^pP o1 ,

urtv

paal :t\/t :PoaJ: \.1.:Louq0rat

']Ea .,r pooj IIt 2r,jopto
T.aJ :4u!1x|brudqJ

(sstdf) suo!uldo

> iuoo?nls wra ur sqr.^ ntf'a lt.rol

or r.qr SuDt$ Iq G.pixL{lq r luqr
rr.ruor 1rpur..t
sru.pfrs :)r! J'I?llI pur?) r'rtj rrour 1' stxu plilor LloI
Ynr\r .:.{
( rra asDurnatt A1pn' q.a.ra.! a.tj
luolsaqrDalatu uaqa azaens:ut qF,n r.l r!,u1;,
q:tp xraxa !aq|.r., ptc aasnol Ltaqat!q,!tap qr\n

+
-ta
q 'tr'
t'it \?Lt?,tt tr' tt '.4
1ra Dlb.llDltt
) $Dal Louotr D Dth t111" 3u1,11p .
( .1? , ,Dd q1':tl
uo.'t8
nol nott :8Lttl oa.Ds a411p,l1q311u naI
:qran aqs sn lunq !F!u
tsuk.ry aq!) s,lsuuap aL!! L
iloo
Itt.n'u.t,
]t\f t.
...!.t.ti.3
: r,.. 4,/,r ,. 1,t..,.1i.t,
LrdtfJ.) q.1o1|t ,qlooro
.
tuap uD.r)no,fuaqd
ri jluDlpur .l.loJd n.{ njiiu no.i s.snu
Jo suos tu.roJjlp o.tmsip ol ]o lrftIl ulrr Irqr sr.llo
iur pur 'sqrr^ Js.qj .sn or sturpnrs ;)rp r{sr ^\oN

'sronri.^oqP rrt q]i,\\.)trltr.rd u.qt r.\fi

IIL\
sqf !.^r3 rt.lulx. .rt tr lool ol pulr tlT d gl uo
,{tr\rD?.rltrol sLrorDnr]sLr
)qt pr.r or stui)fnts Isv
9a.uatuas 1nq. a!
,a. altas anlaq\a1
(u. 1.;l atd.,ad
onl aoq \aqL|..a|) alta)uas aru uaasnaqo a4u
6
.q D luLt al
S aruatlDs
z a.Ltalua:' tll.n.J,uluuost-as oqo
(nat qltn s;t4q1
IuDu a.t aa'q/e4Dr nol ttt!(Dslb lDn sruaualct)
I aruatuas 4u1sbq.tt4 dqr rtlq 8Luqr,\tala a4Dror
4n )Ln.s atuP at
oI ..I!.tu.^
11D11aqt
Iar al|,s - attls,uDln aqt uo pa.t.lolno F3 ol
(tuauan uout
aqt Iq ralplad a:\tq.a.t 'aa.LL)
9 a.ua4las - as a.t aqt Lt.)
t ..u.!11as L dnblnq (eq.1)
'palolt tD [1a] a1Lsa|utu
O
t
aal luoat
6
futqrakns./a au spitluat
8
urjs
ltprqtrtaql
I
lSLtuaal! iqt paat
9
'aat.t
9
'.lut
puon
rol
lpt,J
rna
t
e
l noqDDE|oJ ,
uapros .ma .na uQ{
t'
'
-tno
.,
auoq
nllt
a|tuqaF.
tfuD.I
z
'
s8ulq
ti
a:sa.?u1t
Iu]lt
oota|tu
t
t
(sr d sl) sr,nvi'
esrrJaxl t I

tNt)vtJs

5PE^l

NG

anempt Lomxke . rcal conve.satbn n is simply an

uf!,-

ii\

' . ..,\ 'h, |

.,

, ,r "

l;

',.

I'-'l

Notesor1some ofthc phrases,

1 'I honesd)./rcallybeliele ...'is strongerrhxn the
orher n'ays ol gn'ing vour opirion bcceuseofille
in.lLrsior ofrhe aord teall)' of honcstty.
2 ilfs timc we + past lcnse (seeGnnrm.rrChrtlel
19. CB p.l9i) is a slrong $av ot expressingclesrc
fo. a.tion, e.g. h's dme $,e sloppcd Lalkingabout
it xn.l did someihhg.
3 Obviously rlre sho.tcr the radions thc s|tongef
thc fcelingsthat a.e being refl.clcd. !ubbisll'and
'Come off it' slLo$,snongdisxgrcernentrn.l
'Quile !.x2cdv. elc. show thc sperkefs com
,
pl.tc agreement.

reading& listening
8.2Exercise:

lEl a::

T h e p r e l i ( c n n r g r a s h h c t u i s l of e o . r t h e l i n e s . t
the dielogue so th.l drey tbfln a logical discussion
1 StttdefrsslioukLlook ai the corverseibn bcl$'een
1wo people discussing.n 2nicle in rhe nclvspapef
aboul food. ,\ s Linesare prinlcd in ihe co.rcci
o cr birl B's lincs .]re not. Thc ltrsk is to put D s
2 lthen the sluderts 2rc rea.lv. Play thc c.rssetesl
lhey can che.k thcl ar righl.
J"' 'r"
rr
D
IJ\l,
uould
solmd
lhc utlerlnccs mc loo ld1g 2nd
Ashsluden$ t() lookai lhe sa-v Lhcdirlogue
derlops, px,vingpariculrr atlenlion rc the usc of
rny of thc enpressi(nsliol]l rlre Phrascbink You
'Hor dkl rhe speakcN exptessthc opinions?'
'!(,liar ivere the wa- s drey
Put foNard poinis?'
'Di.1ttuy bave t() rcphnse be.ausc ol possiblc
'Howdid

dent ro s:Ly.Havc you seenthis ,rlcle nr thc Prper

rbout... ? \t&xl doyou ihink?'
8.4 lnterview exercise
'l his is .r sinril.f erc1<lseio thc on-'xlrole cxccpl n.)
suggestions.rc giren so tlic sludents$lll have lo
express.ll then'onn Lhoughlser.l ldcas.ln a
P.oficicnc) inre$iet. carrdidxtcswill be giln 2
.rinlrtc or tNoto Lookxl one oflhcse proPosilions
and thcn ettlelio expressthei. oPidons (it thc) ere
baling a one-ro onc lfien ie$l .,rlo ha! 2 .liscussion with fie other sludentor sruddris

Fqb"le.v --]
food (cBp.157)
Topicvocabulary:
l..ok tlxough drevocxblrlxry bank logedre.\'ilh rhe
studcn$ and so out rny difficuhies lhcvcrbscon
cc jng diffc.cfi says ofcooking coul.l be.he.ke.l if
yoLL.rskHow do yoLI.lo dtis rnd s'iLh Nhatkin.lof
fbod?'!n.l thc verbscoftcnlng actionscould be
r.
,i- h-. r,.
,t,,.re iu-,..lr."
n'olrl.l
nced lhis kind
xn.t rgal)] sry Nhat kln.1lrf1oo.l

8.5Exercise
(aBp.Ii,-)
Ansuers:
I

.hf

5 tas/el$s ar bland

ey shoR thejr ag.eenent or cllsagret

8.3 Exercise: conlrolled discussion

Scl up dresediscusslonsin P2irs,smll grouPsor \tith
tlic \ahole g.oup, depen.lnrgon the rcsponsiveness
of lhe siud.nts - fte.rtc responsi!ilicr 1]e, dre
more Likelr it is llnt a flrll sceledlscusstun\ill be suc
cessful.This is sllll e co.f|olled cxct{ise, so rsk tlrenl
-etr. rl"l
.,1
. .,
8.,",
rhemsehcsio use ihc e-\Pressions.
Ask thc stirdentsio lool ri one ofthc llrree toplcs
quichly in ordef to abso.b the suggcsrionsand rhcn
-Anrlls,vway to sixn the dis.rrssionis tof onc slt!

t Se^rontug hlcl dessalt and pe.P?er'

2 sPi.es:.""!d o11,.billi,cdr.lamaD1,\i1Eet,
curlin. etc. (11sual0 d Palder or seeliJianl a P!.l/tl
lrhich )'o pLn n..fib.lu llile lou .lrc cookinEit in
otuler to gil'e il taste)
:J H?tbs: t1itx, ptlslel rcsen1dtl, Lhvme,,1dtioru1n,
basil. carian..le,. etc GtPlant u:bosetea,es drc
'NeL! ili caoke)! ar nleni.tue)
1 load tich in LiklnhE:.fntit and Lalletdbles
f'ood tlcb ill Jiht? hr raryhdgeI b7o10ltbrca.t,

!'-

l
sllotra
Ds adq 3u1.!aq rnoqD pal:ou|lD s.aqs
-,t
..'
q,..to:tot o.'D.Di
"ll"'
"
ac!aqt{oara wtq a4tl l,Ltptp aqs?q[Dtu s4utur
au.as POq ^tsldrqa.qs
Tnoq' tllollotutsat
/o4

t tL.r'(.,"

'

palJbn a.!S ( fitDap ) t.r31D.us3u14t tq! ;qtn.j:lj tr tD

(6tl a q)) sransuY
(6!r d
tlt lto stt4ap tas) taq salr8 rq ru.u.urnoru.
l,$ pu (-q.qqq)rr qr rq( (ulq-ro 1' Iv
Jq] snroC
nro Surpu]]uo Suruar"_Lstlr.pnts
':''
.
i
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.
,
.
q
.
3
.
,
3
L
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r
||. o tr .p.
Pt. l
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t,. \-...rJ
u' Jo no auo
rnSoFp prpror aqt or uarsltor stuapnrstsv I

t! iEl

srutodrgrradsr o] 3u1u31s!l
:aslrJexll 6

'usrLurssd
ql
s
arue
?q-].lunotr
013ur{4s ro)tads
o'! . ro50$a t.r'rlec
rqeads luo !.qa P3sn.8"n3uElaltl a1?^p? ot.

utv

',^'J, SurpLltrur'suoDri^arqq. :,\S 1,frlm nFr

rFqr ur auo ou, Sutpnltrur'.nDoq:N/I .[r1flqrtai
^!.I,urtui uN rrllE :artolrlal
',]\:), uo erarqqr aqr put.pu!u' nlnr raqr
UI )uo-ou, - enEoplp rqr ur pasn s.s"{d oar puaua
pu? .rrolur.r s.srrrra ,!.''nqt)o^ art:atutt tDrtxaT

(5s|d sl)
nOlUe Pue ursLrJrssed
lUaUrASJ

Plaqanoq .q! atul aForl l otJt.

ltlrd aql s1utlq .ttn uosla.l aqi = rauu!.npDarA aq| t
op at Isva tuan st 8qt-s= a4q.la ?.,!d o st 8q!s a
ttpinh ir.n tps., = e|n. t.tt.4!
as01 [
(sEr d
srrl.r?,!,
nl)
s.s,rqd
p.url.r.Punaqr roJ sSuruEaur
arruruor.l.lP lno
tro$ ol pals! ar.,{.q.J. Pool qrN P.rrauuor surctpr
iltal .qr pxer sru.pEs
luaraJllprq8r. surrruor qrrq.\
aslrJaxl l8

(astde:) pooj :JoqdetaLu/uro!pl

suoDsa8Bns
roJ rrha8rd ias:suogsanb tuarnl
'sllr{\ uoorssrl) )rlt uo tno ol
/ietd$p r Sr,arienr,{q ro 'dnorF rql Jo rse.r:rlr or adu.r
aqt aqnrsap or ural! Suitsr ,iq .Fqrr. 'sspltrur .ln
pdoIIoJ u.qr puR ifo,lauoq se auop a.l plllor srur
'Iitunor rr.qr uro4 r{stp
FrJdir r.roj (sruarpadur.$
'luDnl)ur) idi):l rqr erL,\\or p.rt:'r osle arx srualrnl\^
tto.i.t!to b tot a .:rs tliqt !:)qr a4 aqt at!{s..p
'tt:ead Drau st ljutoua.
t! puD sitisDd4ara$p aql
uo rn./hql qlq,n s,nDs.lo tjaLna apLn D airq liqj
,Qsrt LuDqrol u.yan.lar D swqpooJ.t!..u einj.
.ltto+tn.lo .anas ulDtu aqt ,ltqDqtt.I s1s-tqtpIlD t1t.
tpar8u] uollaI umouq uar. tsotu aLttst Dts4! suiurD
1n ut qru arD etq!1) ?Dto: tluo saHoDEa3qsa.4/a tol
D t'a IaqL t'Lrtl'aq tiar aq olpltis:i pooluonlJn 3,
'(qi!a
rPIltruP.J
.LiJqr
$.qlo
nrU
,iur ro) poot ur)*.Ial plp U'll)UI i)s.mlf
urlll:t]
rnoq Nourl ^.rI rlrrl.{ r.rs ot p.Isr.rP srurpnrs
f nro .sr.i)x. snlr ssrrrr
'tuDloor ro poot ur p.r._r.tu! tou.rp stu.pntsJl)

Itrtr

.qr ul srqrlo atdurr!: u! sr aFqJ) uorpr aqr Sursn

aruaruas.qr alua ar uaqr r4 oq.u rnoqq.r.u 'r ol 1r
ssrd pur 'urilr.s
rU r.rJr st.rpprq (r LUolptarl uro{
piod-i.).qr ]tr.1u.qr pl'roqs.{.r:Ll uoFs.rdx. snou
luou.{s t SuBnLi surorpr.saqr Jo ruo jo :so rql 8ur
1rrl5_nll.Ju.r(.s E elrr,t or P.)s" uaql ar? sluapnrs
aua,s atla.ap at .La?o ut pra.al ua1
q-lmp o saln8{aqt a,uoF ar = sqaaqaqlIaD o:} a
ljrsy tqtDlttuajDd
ilqls op oi *aqt aSoriiD.uaoi = ua aua.s33aq I
qdDp
4u1q7notr sz4ou SqLs= ry8 tbqi ra! paa! t lqrs
sr.uanbasaa. aqt plp d a1atq, ,jutaq ,la
-clinn
Suqiauas
op ar apoap ar = Fnt lod a4o1a1 s
l:iraD jb '1laq at = su"aq lb nlaqol ,

eslrraxl 9-8
)aqlahb! 4ttu purrna! xuu a! 8
asa.q1.q! ajD.r'aj t
q'.ta'J P
')
Pa'loi
3li41as tl.Io1soi ur.Iaq! L!ta.r 1. ..t111i:^
oj t
uD4 D L0 .!D|o..q. 1l.ut at ,
s2opuk, a.l/sat t
sltoun.l.e.,
a
soa,l uazoi ts.jt[ap aj r
suau.y
t'lDut
-tLtit a$s! 'pook
u !\1xa) rla'tuoar.
,oIac
[a
'ra0t|q lrau uo 1rJ
1o14\atoq1 ut qnt Poall
(i1; aua no,fan1.'rrq! s?aot 2a \aol
tlo.l 'poarq '!t31rs :sd1tupf,qoq.o) L, tpLt po.x

l- "-l:::r:--l

d) she u.ts in the i tetuieulbr a langtine, so that

e) sheseotarea limPrcsstue CY.in.J rqJercnce'
J) hethink shesbol.tldhang an (bart ), ndgo home
lre sur!.testsshe could albaf ask/br anothd int.,'
Liet b! s.lting sbe uas ill du nng tbe Jil:.' ane
2 SLL cnrs lisrenlo the re.o.ding.ganr. this tnnc
picking our anv expressionsof pesslniismand
cncouragemenirnd tickingthem on thc llsr nr lhc
CB. As dx'y hearihem on the cassette,ask Lhcm
Lorcpearrhem b o.clerto get lhe.hlthol an.i
nltona rn oidre exprcssioncorect.
l-ook xrthe phnses h thc book end discussdre
strengthxnd approprl2tcncssof drc rennrks.
Notcs on sone of tle phmsesawiih extm prctlcc 1n
d

1 I might just ls vell (go homc)' ntrns 'I dc,nI

n anr Logo home bui i.hexliematile (sialing hc.c)
is pointlcsJ. The expressioncrn be used to
dcscibe a past siluetion:'l night just as qcll

r\sh srudernsq4railheysould sa-vif lhcy hxd

gone ro. iot of ftne ancltrouble io cook a ncal
nr' a' t ' '.
.\() d J
i rF ,rr" i
"lJ
rl ,,. rL J.
I
l,J'.'
arl-,'l.
Ask stu.lcnLswhar L\ey {ould sry iftheyBent
ro leal school/college br.ri realise there are no
job oppoftuniiics xr Lhcmoncnr ( I mighrlust as
well slxy ar school,'collegc') <
r:.f-ror,.lL,) p!" \e 1-d,.-.j. T,r. , ,
,r e Lhnuld.rlc\'tlr. h .- i..l
b. a plnre. (he s ali'ays $r clurnsy).Nlakcsure slu'
F r , d - n | ) r ' ' r ' \ ' ' ' r . .l i r ' u . - ! r i ' r
d
. n " r g , r h " . - . , ' r ' . . , , D l ' , v r . . , c ,e, I n l
l,{rtlu.o
r'l:f- or,Ll
itain,' n.
b,v negaLivc's.ords. Justrnyluck to break my lcg
befofe my sklng holidxy. (expressesdie feeLnir
1t Roui.l happerro me, wouldn't it?1m al$ ays

Ask stlrdcniswlnr rhey(olLld sar ifthey were

supposedto go for ,n irirpofxnr inrervieB but
ihcy missediibecausc Lhc-vdidnT wake up in
rimc. ( Just m,v[rck to olers]eep o..nequiva'
lcnt) Justmr luck'cxn be folloa.d bv'tl.rt. e.g.
':1
-.lusrmy luck ihat he came back too soon.
.1 Leaslace it, ...' is follonc.l by d rem.rfk fiat
sholvsregxtire feelings,c g. rcfs 1lce il, you ll
ncvcr understand.'

t.t

t-,

5 'Try ... + -ing, the nrg fom is iecessaryhere

bec2us. you are askingthe pe$on lo c-\pernneni
and see if the rcsult is saistactory.
'alBa,vs
6 You could alRays ...' tlle r.ldjrion of
makesthe expressionnronger, yor.Lhave the feeL
ing that othcrsuggesdonshave been ma.lc bcforc
and rhis is Lhehrest in dre linc.
'Nol nccessrrily are fo,
7 'You nerer knosr and
lowed blr so.ds th2t harc n positieeieeliig.
8 II lhewo6t comesto thc worsl means ifthe situ
ndon developsh the Ror$ possiblewav, xnd is
ther lbllosed by a suggcsiion.

9.2 Exercise:dialoguebuilding

Hn:+

1 The rccoided dialogueis prinied iith blankr

shich tle students.so*ing ingroups. have to fill
once more
in. If necessxry,pla].the casscLtc
before thcv sturI T1le numbef of blanks in each
lJe
2 \'hen eleryorc has flnislted,plxythe t.pe agaln
tbr tlim ro chcck.
3 Thcn ask rhe siudenisto pmctiscthe di.rlogireby
s2rirlg ii {'iUr x panner.
y.J Everctse:speaKtng
This exercisegivesftecf p.ncdcelor tle siudentsi
drc'ycan nowchoos. wlich expressionsot pes
simism and encourgelnent rhey stni io use $ithin
suggeste.l situations
A: .116raur luch ta book 10itba corlpant) rh.tt bas
B: yes, ,ae, but utht don t 1!.pJi1tdout I ue'rc
insure.l dgaine bank,ltPtct?
A: weu)an't he I .auld hick nlseA|ar !loin[] lbr that
cbeappdck.lEe veLe bst all ortr monq\ I nsurc.
B: Notn ecess.rnl!.\ve nust .he.h u:ilb the tl'arcl
d:+nct. volLnercr hnaL. tbeymight lbe us d
A: we don| stand kLitchchdn.e ofth,tl

9-4lnterviewexercise
lhe thrcc c{racrs chosenhere a1lrcflccl pcoplc s
Itclings.rr bad points in ilieir Lncs.
The flst erltmctis a poemby Dorodry Parkertalk
ing .rbour the drawtracks of lhe dillerent n a,vsot
comnftring suicide (Noti.c the last line ofthe poem
s'hich uscsdre expression might as wcll' !s p dised
in dre previNs cacrcises.)
The sccond c\tmctjs iiom a telephonc call mxde
to a radb phonc-in p.ognmme. Thc soman, Tcrcsx
crcsslc) , hxs had a b.d expcricncc ar $ ork - n1-vbe
shc lo$ he.job, of maybe shc fc-ltvidimlsed in some
n ay end she hxs rung the m.lio sLalionto e).press

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o ataat ot ?tU mI nno.A\
/................a32s\Du
.an ss.tu,a4D! | tpqs t
t

tt

tt

4,t

131..

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9N )V:lS

:1ryry 1
aske.l.far infann dtian abicb the rccei,er aJ tLte
'Lhe
call bds not got du.lildbledt the monettt.
Recipient ispttttising toJrind aut that x rcquire.l
an.l to let the Cdller htotl Prabdb4) a hBiness sit

7 \r/eseen to harc beetTcut ofl

Thae aas sonLePrcbldn on the line.
a Fine

we, lu,e d bettetstoPnau,.(infannal)

1 0 . 2E x e r c i s ed: i a l o g u eb u i l d i n g
Ask sludentslo reed the circumsiancessuroun.ling
dre lelephone conversationin then books, and then
in pair:s,nr say(hrl theythink the conplete convel
satlonshoukl be. Speeknrgonl,v,no s!iting.
The situation is th.1 Stlalt Hftensicni $orks fot
Aztecl,finting and hc wrnrs !r speel<ro Ho\'verdlong
at tongnan Publishcrs abour r misslrg anuscrjpt
The ielephonistansw.rs hls call firsL.then pessesfie
c. l r., Howard J,ong'soffice.F here the secretary
(Conplete dl.loglrc ls inTrpescdpls, CB p.237)

I 0.3Listening
& reconstructint

H n:s

PIay tlie rec.,rdcd conlersation so students cxn see

hos' acclr.atcthclr reconstrudionrvas.
Then rsk them Losi|bncklo bacL wiih a panner.
and to use dre prcmpt wods from hcrcise t0.2lo
pnclise sayingthe dialog
10.4 Exercise:speaking
Studenlspractisea le.icty ol lelcphone caLisby silting
brckto back.'lhe insirrctn)nsfor thc scrcn c. ls a.e
oo pnges241 and 242 ofthe CB. Ask Student,\ to bc
the Callerfoi Lhefirsi ih.ee or iour sihations and
StlrdentB to bc drc Reclpient.Then mxke surc drey
chengeover for lhe remainingsiftLeiionsso exch slu
dent has e citanceto be both Callerrnd Recipietrt.
As n way of monitoiing wliat is gohg on in cach
p.rir,atthe end ofthe exercise,askvariouspeirs Io
'perlb.m one ofrhen conve$ationsfof thc .csi ofdte

lbe Recipientb.1s
2 '\\/h.tttuasi|dbaut dgant
been tolLl ubat thePulPose ofthe cd is btlthds
fDlEooen a,ki is arhing the Caller b rcPe"rt.(Tbe
se aJthepast tenre 1n tbe q estion is indic.tti!:)e of
3 He\ lLot allnEnn!1, lin afraid. TheReciPienl
has hied taPut a .all tbltugb to t be Pelsan u.)boit
L', '."
. V
ur4\do ''etA,. l
sound,slike a telephonst spedkitlg.
me Re.i?tent
l Can Jou tell me nbati!\.lbout7
rra ts to knau tby the Cdller LtPhoning. It saritls
lihe a secrctary sPeaknr< tbel bat e been told b!
their bassdlua$ ta i! andfin.l out dt 1e.$1the
subject mdllet afthe conrenatian before the ca $
lnt thtuuqb to tbem.
'thb
5 werc.fau giDen a rcfer:nce unbetr'
.
.
t..u..t,...,.,.
. . . u a . Lt . t
_. .4l;4.4"
l.nge depa nent uhich .leak oith bLntlre.k af
enquiries, like lbe tat alfice or the or.lets Lleparl
mefi oftt h1npalry. 7he teciPient i.t asking
ubetherthe Calkt htls a le/brcnce nulnbereither
y'dt"
. p L 1l - 1 o " a c "
dts telePbonecdll.
6 I ll harc to cbech th.tt aith tbe A.c.r! nts
Dep.otment - this sldtement .au ld rhen be.ful
lobed by st.ttement1 -'and I'llget bachto Pu.
AbiaLsltrl.lde brsomeaneuho Llaesn'thnou the
dnsuer, ar u ho .laesn t u"tnt Io take i?sP.t6ibilii!
^'king soneone else.
bihaiJirt
7 'Vds Mrc llanrca.l etPe.ting laur call: lhe?6sl
tense makes this queslian mare tPrl1oLe,orJoflnal.
It soLtfldstike a se.frt try spe.tkiltq, 4\ng to.lind
out aby tbe Cdller ta ls Losfeak to Mn Hdrbrn.\
or r&etha the C.tller is hu oltn ta l1$ Hdruoad .

10.6lnterviewexercise
aFof rexl' pmctice,if it is possibLe,set up e sitltation
for each stuLeff q,l:Lichinvolves them .alling you at
honc - ir could be io tell-vou somethnig,to ftl.Iout
sonething fromyou, ct. )

mini-role-plays
I 0.5Exercise:
Tliere ar scvcrremirks in rhis eriercisexnd students
ffe rsked, in pairs,Io $ ork oL!|a short conversation
rror.Lndexch of thcrn They firsr c)1all have to decide
\\'hat ihe phr.se ncans or is rcfcring ro, and in ahxr
conterl ihe wofds nnght be spoken.
Possible ansuers (aP' p.\63)
1 I'll get back tolou about that. -IbeCdllerbas

trc

'l

Il dns we.e part of thc Prcficiercy jnten'iew, die

Examinermiglit sll txkc one ofrhe.oles, but for the
sake ofpmcticc, ask srudenl.sto iake il intums to bc
the Callcr and dre Recipientin the two situations
Fi.st askrhen1to.ead the nrfomiaLion.nd then lo
nuLe Lherclephone calls.

vocaDurall_._

--t

financeandbigbusiness
Topicvocabulary:
(There is anotherbx.l< of vocabulxrycof cenredwith
moncy on CB p.119.)

t,!-'-

zqt,spro.utot [lt.n Dpultol - SqLspuna! ra8ar

tsausnot.sua.rala)ar o1= punal aaor at
G9r'd g..:')YanswY

esruexl 8 01
puo atlqn
DraJ sanp na{ tq punuo Eoot natt uap [ct
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''' a1r sautq.au
ItuD punot wlq 3u141Dtu! papaa.rns an rnq

L
9
9

(t9Id l8olourl)al:auraq_
sf)
qran
:suoBeurquotr
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uaqlpunor
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- a$4anJi punoro
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punoro doqsot oaprPooSDs.tl .x ' I
Sqts op at auo,s apnsad
oj = punal auqs Ep1 o1
fia.|.t'q 'a,Dqaq at - pu na'D pofol
aqot9 tD: toLln b!at told!- ot - punalD 4oo1ol
o1 = prnor
t1 ol
1,1s!11
ot = punorf doqs oj
a.Vd$aq

aqrolloot

!n^ egEd..S :suo!$en b

sJrnJ

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lrcxs
T|js sectior cuncenlrlcs on t\l enty slfu.rlrul
'l
licsc
wod
order
vefb
lcnsc
io
fionl
r.rigin3
r",F),,,'"
proble'na& lbrsi!drnl-s rr. highlcvel rnd,/of they
me high f.cquen.y itemstor teslitlgrrthe
Il mu$be rci{eftr--.]th2Lthis sed1on$ n no {aI
e conlnehcnsnt gnnnnlr rnd does nol crplo1u I
thc aspectsof e pdl.ulxr grrmrnri..llrcr. l!
sholrlclbellrolrghl of as a fcfcrcnce se.tn)n oL20
gl:rmn]xticd are.s, xld il is nor nec.ss]r] to \rotk
'r
rrl r
.,r gl
,
- ni
l'.'f _.
r l r r' ' r '
r''i r' r.i^ '
l'jr.k
relaiivc
cl!!ses.
moclxlxuxiliaies. gerunls f,.d
the chaptc$ lhtrt ar. rcltvant io thc sllL.lentsntc.ls
Smdentsand lexchcft ate recomntrldecl io Lrsc.l
good returencegrxmurr ir oder 1ogel ,r flrll erPla
'ihe firar chifrer ir inlended 1()hc dixgnosLicrnd
ls also uscful as an inl.odu.lion t{) 2 nlrre .llsclrr
xfpoa.h lo gr.mrLtr r dris l.vcl
sive./anal-vdcxl
$nherlvcr appropdelc lh..ugholrl le secinn, su
dedtsnred ro bc cnco[rege.] to quesd!1, dis.uss
ancld.duce rn.lgcnerxlly to ,pPly x nxtc thought
li,l nfpft)xch lo grurDrlrt (;r2nner irl this l.\ cl
-,,.1 \',1 'r-.
, .
'urrge
n.ctcd with
. and it is lhls aspc.l lL.r ls dic
Lhtuughihe s.dnrn
threxd
runnnrg
comnon
The sectlon&iesto sho\\ Ilrrough cxxmplesn' ,
lhe srlient points of r p.l.tjcularslructurede.oci
giles prxcricein n nlfulxring theseslrncrlrfcs.Fx.h
chrptef bcgnrss'ilh I quorxftn \\hiclr se'acsrs xn
illusr.xtnxrolthe poiff lo be co\.crccl,an.l$lLich
_
' nj
;,,
e'
11 , !r'
The sectioD.loesnot rxn lo teach grlnrnxr com
nrurn:aiilcly. He.e xrc soLnesuggcslionsrs ti) hor
11]pncdsc or deal iidr rhe lonlts:
. $ire sonc ilhlsnrinc scnten.eson LIe b.l
rfd let lhc snLdentsworh our th. n'le'
. look rl c$rnplcs drd din: ss thc ^ne'
. lrxnslirrn one srtuclureinio uolhe. (rcdrc lo

rsl r co!ple oi stu.lcnL!lo l.esttuilea.h a

griLNm.ticrl point to lhc olrrers
Nfite sentcn(s $ith.Lclibe.aie nistdkes tbi

The sectidr (or1t.r1s:

Chapler I

Rerien: Tcnses rml \Yhai s n'fong? (CB

| 161)
Chxpref2 l_ lurcs(CBp.108)
ClLnpter3 Pdssner: Ccneralf.\icw anclimPcrsonrl consrrucrions(CB P 16t)
P a s s i c l : f i l i s c . L l a n e o luCsB P . 1 7 1 )
cheprcr 5 Cd lti.rDls (Cll p.llJ)
Chrftcr 6 I a.ish/if onlv (CB P.ll4)
\egatnc inversnni(CB t 17i)
Clupref E Rcpored speech(CB p.l7tr)
j\'Jodxlr uxilirnes 1: posslbiliLr,Probxbil
!$'an.l cerr]inn aCBP.119)
lkxlal airxili.rics 2: obligetiof rnd
(CB P 1Ell
Llecessiry
cLupter 11 Cerunds t: lfier ihc Prepositi()nlo
( C Bp 1 8 2 )
Cciuxls 2, choosingLrctween ing 2nd
dre nrhritlvc (Cl:l1.183)
ClLxtter13 lairi.ipl.s (Crl p.r85)
Relxd'c clauses1: lcliring (Cts P.18ri)
cLipref 15 Rclxile clruses 2i non<letinlng I1.1
dctermincrs(cB p.187)
chxplcr 16 RclaLi\'e.lxuscs J: nlli.h'rnd $lill'
(CB]r.1E9)
Clarpre.17 ,lticles (aB P.l9(l)
Chrplef 1E C.rni. blcr un.olntable .ouds (CB
p.191)
j
rr't,l
I D.rt,. t-ea
(cR
ch?prer 20 Y'onl ofdcr
| 19'i)

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)
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(uoDFrrl t!o.L\.rI1 ur |.rq.l sqr.\frl
Jo s.TduDrri.rTio lrl ta tnn TZ !T t s)ru.rlirs
os|f;eas) sti!ua t;1.,{i|t.lrDs ua.t !!.lb sDq.qs r
tt9tal !l) jf,a.rsrr:
'l).Jro) lsnl
xru l!trti/x)tdar oi llNnroddo u. ur.rtr s..trt
oslu lr fu,luiqr ^rrlt u'rlt.ronr {ourl sorrF.d
,i.$ tprlt .sllp.r oi u.qr sit'xf.)u.
tr rrrd 1tr.srr
Lrrr !q ssnrsrt ot sturprnsiot 'r)pr pooi' | $ rI
'Lrortu.nrrrlr)..1s
atou paau na! sxaa,ur.t.tor.l -!u..qnuipr or isrrl.ri
llt isri 'u a,8\r 's.,su.r.o r.p.,o p.,o.\ iptnqFo.\
sarntjrus rros euDs'.Jo
lo tJro\r \_uoLlLsodeLCI
sa)ltrrsruunrruor r.s'rraxa rqr ur lrruJnr.s 0! .qJ

inuoJ'1sleLlM

att p|.t ttr! pD.t thlJi

tLo)tr.ID) D azr! ttuI Lrtury atDq.onu nlb,
t ta
uttq ptu ts,t att ).uts D tD palltD.tr{n! srttaH
uDau
n1 n.i 'luttlrrl:- tutq
lDqrlpuDtlt.ptn
|
or (3snrlr.tr'D ur asu.r rua!.rl) nlsll n.lLlrq
Aa
Iunr lrpor\
6 r.rdxLt:)) s:d)tl u..n!.rl p..llat:'
rrl ?qutlta paDt L!ij1.t[.i!al uaaq .rLtt ]stno itu1 6|
) t tj]iqs'4tt1,t) tJ.!o[Dd'sD1 8]
(q-,..ds pellod.n
B EltINtt)) ;3u! D)t\irt/.,tkt trla aqt 1i^- ttul'
t.uPq)I .t.t.bs lt I Lt
PlP uaq$ tDq)qln|utb

(rD.\.qr l(r qrtu.l

aqr sasrsrq.llua.8urrx.{ ua.q prll lunrpj rr)ur
tuqrauros or setuEqJsrsrq.lu. aqr n\'atqBsrt
pr(I,) /,prt?!tz.a.(
oslr !.p.r'r{
1i sa"L.,
".u
e1q.lato 1Lti ttt\LrM?q Not! aq tDqt-taq.ut
ptq
aH 9t
ttt1 l
sno!i.,.daq!pp ptlq )q.tnqotiuo!
tjlDarlDli t 9t
(.-!6-s.,t t.,.nlq:)
aas) PaDtDrt aq ot/nu t.t.l|r.n Pa.u eu Dttt ..1t, , !
uarpte.!aqta qtt, 1bltl
otp?no tiohsr
lqs'.t?8r a1:\Dh)qsbtLA tl
t._punrat!! ar].rd'att,sl'x(ritrpuor rI
! ranllatl i.Nssxd uo arc{oJ i pu. t sr.nl4:)
..s) iD.1 1oqtELU)bpn1, nra,n I'n.I eta1l
I! os tL!.ruatu,.tt t1,(.^1ss'rdsfofurtuor rlFs.xl)
pa.tlit.Ja.rSutaq s1..q b. I|. )tU qSltotqt p Dot aq/. a I
('t!'d t{t u,r uoJrr:rd(tlo:)
:.\uunxr rqt pulr 'zt{l g) uo nr)LuloLdur;)url
{)r rq.r or llIrsn Jq ntnru tr pu'r ])rsn
ijuraq s.suar r._rd.qtJo allu'x rU ^!)q! qtrru.\\
flt iqtJo s ro iaqxr ui strrl o{t.Ir.r.ql)

(irJL:ss)r uruu )r0 irol.q

p.jmrro ilrl,utep uo0-r slt0 r]r)rprn or D:lrad
ts.tl) osD )huq st.t u.ua,.b{ p Dq ,,:t p.suoat ..1
;lrtu.nu t(iltt.ts)i ltattDts)qt prLuli.q udq)\ II
to
( qsr\r I uo llo-!
.,.I 9 rxlrrl) Ds),aroripttlon iaqt qtttl a\xrl
s:.1.4, ! 1.r.noqqi i.r t a.t1iu, t.t li.l I t p.l tt r 0 r
(lsr.t.rlr
ur iilrqL-$d r.]I plrro.\ . tl.t.tr + .nrqtos.) .l/iltl
,atDaqrtuotlli'.r, dn.tu8 firortptii.. ue1 1.!.
. t t . t ! 1l D q t o s . t L ? B
i rt i1lurn..ql.1Piatt l;qf 6
Ir aruatuasu, uosei.L:rs)zi-l/UqAl
taeq nol aNH ia.ta 4rDn tDqt pi nott plp ahLt/r s
(.po.! uo t({.rol
i)r rerdE{:) Drs) li?po^r.1sr,
ryu.b[an?nb 01p..Dqio.1 llq LupaatI al|Daql
.qt ot oEot tuort to, plp ltaa 0r r'roqp p.iollur rq
.
.J .,3..
"
(J'uonrDuor fjt
isllr.i r.uprp t lrtq)',srr,/r 4ttnatD$tu ta autos
tp Dq.tu tu Lkl a! ruL(pa4soaMq pt t br1 r',tbp
.!.!s.i u.tt!.7 ot fi!1..'atan no^ pasUoatpDq / li t
uxeu aqr so.'!llx..' snonu'ru'rJr\r h](t .)rrq .:)t.tr
nlartrr sr afhurs tsrcl ,.iLs10:urrt urs 'lu,urdd&l
{!)rDr oAr ) .l.Zs or SrrItt sDrlttrt,l 'u)t\t 3uu
ttr.qt.toJ \\4a4\ etu^ nul4ftt sDrtPnDal )ttqa t
lr.nJrru.s )rt lo )Jrd roiururop
.rtl s' rouJli IIl jo rlnsr ru.s)i. )q]r.rl{
IDsn
rq or._plr)rir.!ri.l lu.s)rd .qt qsnfiut qsDrtr
ui . Jis noI piaj r.litrr'r pt'io.{ s_l])/rs.qtl,
11;.s 11.1,),nH,.t tlrtu.qt s.]Dqa .p4.s 4.ot n.\,
3L!11ai
oslaLut1lt to'
.rrq rr! ptiutt"- iiqt. a4DtstutStqtapDtul:aL!t.t
(s.rxnC - Z rrrdnll f,f,slanrriBrl
nt.sird:rLr sr.sf .tdo)d a(DIFderIsnFuI nnl
uo,rs)rb ur|iu tnnon.r| rn.t .i.rl ilqrrd.r).
s'.ot or Furct ) r/./trlr.rttbp i.A eo tut\
a
pa+t.,1/
puo
pad.latstlot. pto aq I
sDq
Ltt
to
0t6t
(ltl d Hl) -r"'7s"

sesuol

'ft^\i.qxnr ur qrr\rrap..L or a^rLt

LtNrr\r ijuqr
rulrs srr reqt.q.tr.rcuortJ.s.Ltrurpe.r:^ojsrlurocl
rlnrnml .rLItje!raq.{ sF$ur :qr o.4 ias ol rt.lr
.q lp{ no1 's.I'rtstru.I.rd sn'.pnl._JItrnsounpt)
sr urrs:,q pfroq:_uour.rs^\.r^rr )rllo srrnoorr rlII

(19tds))^Ae!^aU

!r1

p.obebly, elc ). Basic.ules:belbre main vcrbi

.' tb
""e
\-ords to rhc !erb, elie.rhe fiNt fxrl of dre verb
Rememberlhis is.r genel?ltule, therc will b
2 \Yh.tt lii e a )? Wu meeti/LBllekrt this euenin81
(seeChaptef2 luLLtres)
t
< t 4t..,-.rn..0
r."'t,.t,r
a\el
1 .4rc )bu. tifed.tr" r.ul ktTS ioulte.yir'i??(
is nonull) onlyused as x noun in dre.llrslract
sense'Trlel Lrrordensdic mind )
5 Ir aas a larcl! e!,enit1gsa S.1t.1bsugEeste.J
!:oitlg
tbdt ue should{:a . ar
for.t suirt ot su&ceste.!
s Egeste.lthatuetuentJbr. (lt is generaLl-v.r
good idea to do a quick rcvision on ivhat lblloFs
'suggesf.)
6 In laahing.lbtuad toieen.lro, ( lrg vcrb after
p.eposilion to' SeeChapLcr1l - Gerunds 1)
7 She'ssainE to toakf.,'.1 neu jab uhe't sheretLtn^
to her cour q) (prcsenrslnplc ln n linre .lause)
.(seechaplcr6'I
sa r,r.,
a I uisb I di.ln't smal?e
9 !'d tutheraa ta the.inelnd rhd thetheatrc
(!?iherlihc is noi. possibiccoD inalion when iL
is use.l to erpressa prele'n.c)
10 Pleav remind ne to fosr t bbrel (lfyou remind
me to do it, rlicn I LIremembef.')
1 ! ve h d..!a lot oJ.1il|i cul r, he.tn DEtr)b d | tua'e
,"trAsdld ( dificuLtv is notn.illv singulaf$hcn
uscd in rhe phusc 10 hxle I lor of.. . and is
followcd by rn nig vcrb. see Chxprer18
Countaue/!rncolrntablcnouns)
t2 I hapethereather is.finelartbe ueeken.l \Thts \s
pefectly corccl, ahhough il is .rlsopossiblero sa-v
'I hopc thc {exdrefwiil bc flnc lbrrhe seek.n.l,
of in.lccd is going to b. finc ...) LdanT u,.1nt 1.)
tunIar our ?i.ni.. (tlrc .anstruciion Rlnl some
one to do sonedring' \.er,vohen gets'translale.l
wr.,ngl,v from thc nolhef longue)
13 Tbasepeople stdndine orcr $ere dre ptrbdblr
(seesentcnce1)
,1,?e,'1.d,?.
11 It rained for thrce ddfs dthoLtt stappinlt. a.Ivinq
+ noun is used to c\pLin rhen somethlnghappened, nor for how long)
15 vdtfilnls harc a nesdtire ellect oll peopte. (;wel
fi!tu' in general,not 'Thc wrr lil s B s2$ lnsl
B.ck. Seechx|ter 17 AJticlet
16 Stu.lents sed ro be .tble to enter th.! t rlirel\it)
u)nhaLnprcblems.(na inro' rvith cnter' the
Unilersity is correcrbe.xuse it ls !.1cdrgto a
specifi. univcrsiry.rs shoi'n br ils crpilal leter)
17 the nelrs is,)iuch betterto.Lr.r.( ne$,s is snlglrl2f
Seeclupter 18 counlrblc/unconntxble nou$l
1a Nou)Ll6y' d ldrye hunber oJtot ng people are
st A)ine lajryLt.lges|nr\nbef n iti countablcs.

tr,'

'xfl ount \1ilh un.ountablet

19 Tht\ fdct brls c6use.1mdnl peofle to .lisbeliere
porr.u,a\. (seeseflence 12)
20 \\,bdt he.11uifulLxeath.rro./at.( weaihet is
|tn{:ouniablcandlhe.etore thcrc ls no x beiorc il.
conparc \ahri e beautlful day.)
2l Shebecdrt rery Pset:sheeLenaske.lne to barc
/re rcorr. iscc scnrenceI fof basicrules ofxdve )
22'!he matorxt l]sl:e.lbin n-b, he Lradc msreLltbe
rcdd afihd pant.tNotd.rdcr wilh repored
2:J tic tul nr monq, at bo,ie (le.lve is Lise.lrfvou
sx) whei somethng is)
or Imlnedidtet!.
21 Sbelqfr bet hone ijrne.lidtell
she leJlther ban e t ir is not nomll lo pul an
adlcrb ireaq.eenr lcrb and irs obiecl)
25 Theercatua se efkctis a rcry rc.lll,Lblem.
( rftu.l' in dre meaningof tual or lopicrl is a
mnsletion crof tionr sornclanguiges)
26 Caukllau e^Phin ha this nd.bine tuarLs:(nte
ol over
is nor corrcci it is otlen rFed Lrccause
generxlisaftn ftorr] tellmer: you cnn.hos'ever.
say crn you c\Phin lo me?)
27 IIe.lied in 1976.I dle/died/dlcd is rn i.regulaf
ve$. ll is alnays intransitneen.l docs not have I
,.1t1..'1.' h. t,.-.T.,..1. ,tt t
2^.a...1.
a tz.1it s on the le.4.( pasr' 1s, preposiiion)
29 let s h.tre aneetinesonetime next u)eek.(so$e
tincs means ftom timc lo time'sierexs sone'
inne'flens ar x time in dle fuiure')
go to SPain for m! boli.laJ)s nert |'ear or
30 |thi],hI
I n thinkne a|)'abaut goine LosP'tirl Jor nqi bati
da t-snex| )ear. (\he list strk' ent sounds xs lf
l'ou'vc lusl dronght of thls good idee,wlicfces dle
s.con.imeans dr2l you rife gn ing ihe thoughl ol a
liolidry in sp.h sonc consideradon)

F rr t rr r e c r r a ^ t a n t
2.I Exercise
.\s an inrodu.tion to lhis xrex, ask studen6 $-hat.1if
t'eFnl $,aysofexpressinglhe tuture Lhcycan lhink of
Ask dre s dents1()lool xi fie di2loguear.L
loljeiher wirh x paftner h]' t.r decide n'Iry a Pafiicull}r
Thcre are nan-v fllcs firr rhe rses ofthe laLiorts
renscs.but in rcxLilyit can ve{. oflcn be the atiiiude
diat lhe speekeris cxpressingthat diclnlesihe choice
oflhc future lonn i() be used.

t-"

.-

.rt ut[ut axlss0.]

,
anu.alpo uL1s'a./tpoltut , aq oj, ,rw'
r'
aiul!"'$D4 aqs:sv.I Z
snofLuLlLto.lwq .n1trD I
(691 d tl)) sramral'
'aNssxdr ro! q niq sqr.^,ftItxL1e aruts .qr strsn
t?q1ruo pu r?uontrulsuotr :^rssrd N urr{r.q qsnSurr
-slp ur srrrrpnr!^
rrql arnsa$IIr or ]Itrrrlr t rsnLsIslu

as!)rexl l I
a^lssdeqtro n el^oJlaouag

(69t.dst) | a^tssEd

pauDal:)
aaqairq tuan ! : a.Dqlp3 ndcuaqa
oa
Qa oq)
aaduDqsot aroqlap.to 1.41!P
roJ q.Dax 1xaLlaql saoPu.qa

alanDqI mtq
1!st tanltal a.u,nad

''
aqs
sv uoos su
sanlLt,
AT
d r s a a , . 11 t . l l t
oEr a1.!,q notl; aaspuo auo. ,I 9 T
'L!rq. ttulr
J \ \ l l 1 'T
'sunDatsl
,I
(b1r11uottLttD u' Dlttaqrq
'I
?T
II
u,lpfal;tu1o;t s]
41 .'q'
''tL^,1'

( aa| ailtq Lu*l puD tlap tto jLt1ryan

aq Lt.tq
aurp'q arDq\uoln puo ttl,P111,

:{ttf

n L vlctr4

s.aqsr.i

tlt "

tlotp.tolloot

( roJ Eaaro13u1o,
aqs'attatla. sa.Dat 6
.a!q

a]qntq t! ai13lLI:(aas!!,1aa) '51!Dasaq,I I

-'tn
,
t
.
aIout t\,r
9
laan \pua
t
ratiilsap aa'q lqaqod
(aq l'n rq
a.toi 7u'an'st ,
pdaqutal"z.t aq tn
L
',Ltt,(laq
J
Z
''' sanoal
I
(691 d af,) srar?s,r
uotr or p"et pno. s! .srdreqro sa^lturrrl'? .l.ls_
sod aql ll? i)nporru .\uPssarauI uop rnq rlrsoqtr
r^Pq,!aqr ra,\su? .ql lJlsnL ol slu.prus {ry rr^\.n'
tqa! atqtssod.uo utL|.rout sr .raqt r':Ju.tu.s ruos
ul srsn to riupr ll'rj aqr rrag:r or s.u .snr.ra stltL

asl)Jaxlz z

( alolaql uaPas a0 0l 10srDlstulllaq.L ) .t.

'rynpaqrs 'saaw'riakl
satqataall
inaqD \t'r al
(,afulr Lrau au6
nol ptno.'auoq ta' nal uaqa,) asnrp auu D ut '
:allilttlssardn at atlutls rDtu.l .
. s'ttal o, .tofparuDtu
uaaq an,q .,{aqr '8661 uL :3 a 'auil ary L!
]t uo4 !sv.Is! elqn 7ulqlauas ot salar'
tu1o&na1a
1.apa4 atultl .
'snotluuuo. luasal aql
la ,oi 3uta3, hqtp qtla pissaldxa aq aslp P|n..
.i.t,'

t,

t4/

.'|v\\',,r,

( ut.",t9Lt

t -

tatDl uqolSlo"as a9 .r.) 3 a 'pathDld tCpDa4Dsl

oat"t'. ' fd!
, Fa-tls uouDLtdo:)
'uapb
Auqno
aq J bt I rD SuLt Lu.'Ji n'.
,' ?_rci ra ,rt | ,41 ,t ,t lt.'., r ,t, tJ
's11lto[ sno
aqt u! a wu ulora. D 1D tttqt suDau r!
nuuuo) raqta a4t7 ./uaql 11as,tI ur2, qttm anuu
'q11qn
u@ ltn '.au, nra^'uD aqr.t
banbal DJc
. ?4t rttt t.
,t tt ^
duttt. ^9d4 \! ar,-

:snanuuua. dt,jtlJ .
(' uq! l,s nat
li ssn t.ar a.t tj .H, ) satuatllas |tuaulpua. $1 Ll
( pazDtuD n t11n 'w!q
aasno,t L!DqA) sash0p auuJbJiDq puaras Lt1
( f,.ua Luoa rq3!1 o aq t1,11.4,)8ulriss'al
GPUOq
'tlPq ral3u14!D at{ 1A ) .ta \6anb

Dauiu?

'.

l4lltF

a .

a.t naI! 4 tpf Lnaf ) SLrnlapa.lql puo iunlam

at (t'uIlrlun s!) t.uotn nr dqt ,.) 8Ltl\tttar
(,
i.t?/J
(, na.uou.t 4.Dq nol f,ltd t ) SLus!tu'd
(. dn ;Ju!.tson aqr op 1!,1.)1uu.ll.)
, o E r t o , , r a a p a q t Da u a a u r c s
s a.ou., ) ,ulu.adsIo aat aql u apau! etalsnf
t. raL4 ulo! ttjqDqotd x,) :uotl.Utald ral
:sLtou.unJlDral/jp stlpult , |n,.
'tuDtlodut pu \.1shonuuuo tDsard
aql puD .o131t1o3.uaaaaq a.ua.Dl]lp aql (aioq
eua aqt a4 sa.uaruasu idnxa) uallb ,aar
suolt.tpa1d.tol pasn pLt s! vnnuuua. 1u?sa.tl aLtl
'pools,tarui aq $ntu a.ta.taJal
auu aqi ra 'JLtSnaL a4I 'nudtalat aa, , ulpluo)
raqlr a tsnu alunI.q! )ol snontutLot rumd aqt
, nut! aql .nl snanu4
'
L-. '1 atp 'D atl t4\ u \ ntv)rtredrl:pr.
"
(, laruuns pq Suol D aq ot ,ultB
s,I.) ljuioua. ro uounpad 8Lt.tF Dat4s at Pasn
( una tu i6tn
at SupA ru.L) uaruaiul lquaslatl D s\ar.lx. a1fasl1
:,a1nltta., .
(agr'd 8J) ''ansuo alq$sod

"jl,'lI
5
5
7
6

act 0e - ?reftnt letect a htlltatls

p.lssiLe prcsentP.lfe.t
f)assbe Lhh nadal .olshacLiail
P,lssiLe genol.l

3.2 Exercise

Thefe ale man! inroductoN vcrbs Io do (th k.os'

,n nJ \ q...
r, J.r' I.
o.r'' i-n.
/ ,1 ..rtl .rf
r
r
l
'
,
l
,
e
i
r
,
J
F
".
,1

,\gxn, Llxsexerciseis a check on ihc traslclorms used

nr dre piss'!e. Jtcove6 thc vc$ tcnscslDd ofter
slrucroreslike gerunds.modx]s.prcscnl,]nd p.Nr
iDljd es.lt rho aslissLlrdentsLodc.kle $.helhe.the
,gcnt by ... is necessaryio lhc scnteDccilor etx.l
plc in senrence2'b] lexi.ogmphcrs' is notreall) .e.
essary,sin.e they arc thc only pcople \Lo rdd notuls
'l

he exercis. ni!olles mnsibnning r.tive sen

tencesinio passirc oncs. rd is in no seNe .onrnu
laslref (CB p.t70)
i ian Peo?te @jt
t English is sPokcn b! orcr ,350 111
sart sinPle P.^jit:e)
2 Na! uards are canslatltl! beinll a.1.le.l tu tht! dic
tion.tlies.(prcser1t
conttuu tsP^ssitz)
:
]' t' ,t t.\'rt, \' . t
t [,ulh.tti.,' ..ot
Etrylish tu.lay ras contribun'd b! rhe k]ngudges ol
theJb rner British bnpirc. (Past sti112lePdssi!,e)
1 |ir)glis h oas heiilg sed.^ d n in ten a tianti l lan
g1t48t Jtorl the ,ineteentb .ent ry od$ contil,l
5 Englislr hds been ddtlPted b-f s.tre cauntias so t 6
. r , t . t . . . . . . ^ . , o 1 "d " " , p
selt pete.r ?assrLe)
6 rrench h6.1 be?n usetl b' the Caui nr lal on
be[are Drelish bccane .]n a.ceptabl.' ldrtzuLreeJbr
polite societ!. (f)astPetect passiLe)
7 TheS.o ishldnguagelrill neDet he alloux.lbttit.
A me k dchi )tg af \veLtb in s.baalsu,illco tinue ta
be e carragc.l ht the wekb . (pftsen| inJh ilit)e
'less o
9 The distinctian betuecn .fdad'd17.1
lht to
(Pa\t
hduebeenkePt
inJhitircP.LrsiLt)
10 ]he S.ats,.luiteLt delst1lrddbl!. hdte bei\?g..tUed
Enghsh. (p.lssi Le getan,:l )
bl earu\tboul
11 tt iepossible10L61i1d ldnp,Ltuge
bari & beett taughr it. (p^n pdii.iple?dsstue)
(Nore: it is not nornl to hrve a passiveio.m ol
lhe lxrious pcfccl conLlnuouslerlses,nofolrhe
lirlurc continuous.)

lmpersonal
constructions
This is one espccLof the pessi\'erhar is tiequently
used in the medir $hcre tlte difterefce berweenflcl
and bellei is inrporLenl

.:,

Ask sLLrdcfisro Lookat dre cxemplesaboi dre exef

.,I.,1,.1

'r,tu,..,j.

1.illFr F l_|

dlcgc, Iiel. report. ru c.stand.presLt e)

3.3Exercise
lzvels (cB p. ! 70)
1 Hc h saxl tu bare oPened.1 Su,issbank dc.a!.r!/ /at
2 It LrbelieDedtbat he X liring in tbe l.is'7.
.l whether the real cimhl.ls barc beel1l)1?ught to
I! ni. ! ts lLalk11oun.
1 Tbe u-sIedektl Couft is expe.ted to liqd tbe e:t
Prcsi.lett gLti t-.
It u'ds alleged b! theneolylllecled garcntment
tb.tt triLlesPrcdd .orluption lr.ltl t.tken Pla.e.
'Ihe
noner is st,?ased tu barc beelltdken out.t
the cotntl! in .|if)k)m.n ic baqs.
me rnnel n.ts.ldineLl la harc heeninr6ted.lb,
thegaad oJthe couDh-r,nat larthe Presile nt'-tPer
I It' is i cf)aie.l ta be cottsi.letrlg .Lrhing for politic'tn

P a s s i v2e ( c Bp . l 7 t )
This c|apie. de.ls witir.dds x.d endsl

'Get'
'gof + pas{prrticiple is oilen Lrsc.lhspoker English
io talli abour sudden,unexpcclcd or iccjdenill
acri.rr, e g I got loockc.L over hy .

4. I Exercise
Possible.ti1:roers\aB p.177)
1 ...I I got bent oh en I nas lryin g ta aPel1the.toor in
HeSat biuen b! d rattbtiler.
3 ... tbc ndn Sat bil otl the hea.l Ql d.lall,ts trce
1 ... He lot.fined !2,oAa.
5 . .It got bnken Pl.l,iiit! /b.tb.l
2

14.
nDu

l
1?lttwns.nJ au!1 4 nor?
1.1s1uDFaqi alruaqta rlau.paas a.ttluDF AI

[DPur uoll.)

]J aqt ssatuit 6
Frtq tttot,ryfiqs aqt wDlq.r.!|nD
)snaq aqt tq8tlDqaatq
l.upt t rc. an .,Ilaqs 4 u,q aqt.tol uaa..lI upr.t 11JI I
'uaq
rapDlJb aroq nnt:'tn a1loaan'q o1taN I
41.ud a.tLtD uaq aiDq ptttotttt1 1titu aq1roliil,i .)
iarll
t anD;ttlai ,ulso]tlt tS 9
na| n/tat" rbq qalr"oIt
'pttDls.taPun
plt tatnaq
ausluJ'u1q at uauenit aq lltrtdb ol na,l d+t\ L
'uau.aPnauoaq
ol anDq ! daql prrD{dp }q tuaplsar.I aqt p!1|oqs t
Itarun;clb DuDsll|u o i\"14
ot lau n\1lu.rt1l11o^p?pLbr.I el Etm dubr LD. not Z
t! u1 Pol l:Lutn] arDq
'atu at uottDtlils aql paLltD4xa n.i pDH
t.up\a.t I
I
(tlr d 8f) sJars'l'
'saJualu:s.srqr
lo :_rrt.itDo.lurs)sual
qr.^.qr or uouu.F lnj.rPr I'.r or p..u srurpfls

3srrraxlIs
'gri d
tI]Jo uonoq aqr lP srlffnirxl
aqr tr rloot or urrqr {s ! urqt uoupuor ll.lttll qJrl \
'JI. u'ril r.qro ,\oq ^.qr s)sPrqdrc sP'oa r.q^\
sruipnts ilsr'uo!F.UrJ slltr lox'rd puo]as aqr.LoC
al._ltiuqu.rlods uI uqj
rJ._n3!3!.rlu^\ rll prsn,luou(uor arotr sr s)uJllras
puorrtpuor prt puP puz ur Lrors.Erutlsqr rno ru().I
(rnunlo)
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proa\ Ia) aLtru:^r8 u suoli.rrttr Na88nsurr
sr11]qr)
Iaqr uJqt stliuorrtpuor.pr4utrq, .rt rt lool rsnrPux
luntor,s(orpw,\, purLllLtFr alll dn riaotr or sntap
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'uout(1r]oI(i
lo s$rtd iJu$a8rp,{lprrNu pur iJuqoollo !q r Jrlnb
u' slrl3pnts.qr s.^to^uri.xl p snl Jo turuut8iq ir[

( r 1 td 8 f ) s l e u o ! 1 ! P u o )

L,
,,. , Lo t. ta-t.h.' o
d
"it
alD,Iuu ltt p"ptt\1, uaaq an'cr uanoJ,J aql \unlrD,
.\.t!

ut"IlL"dtldt

uosu.laqt uabuuris $asaq

qtruol

a 1r,tc.4\tt

JH
'laat

nDs1auasu.1.qt.

aqt,{qpaqnl
wntuLLtanaS
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nr* a aqth s4ns.ua. I
(ztt d s)) srar?su!'

as|]rarltt
sarJErlrxn
lePoh
stDLtol\saJ
ro) pDLtatoLtpt aqsa ,
o.tdtijauop qo!aq
OoE
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pauLt?d tlDq lbI
GaE ro) anoq at 3utu3 tbI dv t:
'1t11lt
ot
(ta'
ro)
dn9q
Dq rnndtl'poo, oLt s.[ z
aluu ul p.-ttD1at tD. aql
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(zlr d g)) sf,arAr''

asr)rex3t t

rua'l! .r]1 (Irxs$.u

Jr) + atdDrljr]drsPd+ ]tr.l.lo aql + (srsurl lo ,{lrliP^
r ur) .Fn, ro ..^?11,^q p.ulol sr uo[rnr]suor rqJ
'auDl,a ur urqr qr.rds
u pasn uatJorJoru s.au()p SuqreurosFD, ron
Jol8utqi3urcsop or Juoruos 8uqse.,o SurIoldur.
jo ri.tr.qr ssardta orptsn $ uoirrtursuor srq.L

euoP
eleg
Surqtauos
te3'auopBu;qtauos
'ot1t! rltlEaol sdlnoat
Lt\u4o1luas aor ,4daatl[qr].h uausanbapqa aqt. l:
,utup s11taniDqn|npap! auos 2tu anD Z
(paqsot aq at ro) '1!!LtsltutpaqaaLttaL
I
(ItId {l:)) srtrrL.,rl'

as!)raxlz t
/p)e[at r]11P.1 t
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puolt:a16e
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al
,
' 'plt\nupq
t'
ot pn4svSuDq inoqtLn
Z
';lutptq
pauatDatql
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aru
talLtln.qt
t1hfi
I
(ZI d {1l)) str,/,sr

esDJaxfs t
spunJadPUEsaloDEJed

.^rtr$rr
)^rssE.lr Iq pi,\\ollol.q rouuri,arntbau, ptrr^u!
eq ol rs.p sq s.sserdxr ll.luls rr ,{rrss.J.urltr.\
op orBur.lou srq uorrrtulsuor snl nrq i.parl^utaq or
srux,\aH, its or qqb_so.lsr r1 8ltru!.u srr.l..rlPue
.4rlutur.^FsPd'r1qP.,tollol.t1uPr p..tiilluo
ta! tro rurod :s.l.Lru?x..qr rDrJoolor sluaP|rs )1sv

sarrnbel'slue,\'spooN

.i. cner,rven

I wish/ifonly 1cap.tztl
The .lioice of tcnsc efter 'I wlsh .lnd Ifonly isthe
focls of.ttcnlon he.e. The iensechosenis one
nhich is 'one srepbxck in ihe pxst', rutherlikc $,hal
happensh conditjonalsentencesen.l r.portc.l
Fo ow l]LS pfinciple and ask siudents ut tcsc
*-olrld bc used in nn I wish sentence to exprcss prc
sent snnple (prsrsjnpie)' presentcontinuous(Pasl
conrinuc,us)jpasi snnple (pastpefccti presentper
lecJ(past perfect);going to Gvasgoing ro)r $,jll
($ oukl).

2 I J a n l r I h a . l a b i t m o t e m o e ! . I t | i s hI h a d n ' t
baugbt that neu jacket l.^t Lrceh.
I
3 ?1tsbI had marefrien.ls. I[a r I coul.l neel
1 t u:ith I .ould go to theparu. I uLsh someo|le
uould t he ne to thePart!.
ish t .1i.ln7krep
5luLrbIhddabettsmenory.I
6 tloishsoneor,eeLreaoul.l da the tashing up.I
tl.hshue h.td a dish uctther.
7 I uish shelradjl t gone. { onli I cotld 8o too.
a I uish ther uaLl.l sh1lt up. I uLrh I bad eme
9 I u)isbI ltued in a coun try 1rb4? tberc ue, no miti
tarysenice lf anlr I.ou ld escdPe.
rc I tusb thete uas satuth ine gaad to aatch. I uish I

l 'Ifonly works in c\lctly the sa e \\'ry 3s'l wish'.

''|

rc

r.r'\',

ljn.rlf

cially in ari|ll:n f,nglish- e g I wish he were my

uscd rn
brolher. ; nowadars BaC is ftequenLl_v
spoken lnglish, e.g. l sish I was eLhonc now.
.lq
+!-rld.1',r
,ll
r'' rJp',r_
furlre - anoihefshrctue has t() bc uscd. (rol I
wlsh she w orLldpxssihe exam, ,&. I hopc shc
iill pass lhe e-{am)
'i 'i wish + n o d' is used to cxprcss x (omphinl,
s'hen you want somcthhg to chxngeor sone
bodyto.lo somcthing. I $,ish I would...'

6.1Exercise
Ask stuldenlsto look tlnlugh the thre. groups ol'
regretsexpressedby'l aish. ' ?n.l ask Lhcmto comple|e each sentence,likethe exanplc on Ctsp.17.1.
r r . . h ( r l . - r' ( ) I r ' (
rlr.$
B)dn, e'
'&nc'
siruxtionin $'hich dre wisl|s
appreciaiedthe
A6uers ICB p.174)

6...butIcouldn!.
7 ... btt Jolt 1uill.or .. but),ou do.

6.2Exercise
Posstble a uers (.CBp.175)
1 I rrish it aou ld stap. t uis h tbe sun Lau ld shine.for

Negativeinversion(cBp.t75)
'l

his is a pxrlicularfavou ite in lhc L:seol English

papef n the Pr.,ticiencyexam It is lhe sort of strlc
tur. tlut rno$ people cangclthrcugh lifewitholt
uslng,except if tliey s,ant lo be Politiciansor Passa

Cenain adve$iaLvods or phrasesvith ncga[ve or

resricdve meanings.an be placed xt ihe beginning o1
n setuenceand tlis causcsan i.venion ot thc subicct
and verb. t he rcsult is a ral\er sirong. drematlc senrence the kn which is seensometimcsin slory'
telling, or whcn n1aliirg a poweful spccch,or i.hen
giving an opinion or rule
ft can be ftln p|]ctising thls st.ucture rxther like a
role play, you leel you are takng on x differentcliar
.cter aicn s.rying lhese von.lcrfully drxmatic utter
anccs.In order to enjoy s,olking lhrough this chrptcr,
encouragestlrdentsto epproechthe stflctLlreslighny
rongue nl chccki ask rhernto imaginc wllal kind of
person wolrld bc using dle structlrrc and in \14ratcn'
Ask them Lolook at rhe exanlples, and 3sk them
why Not rntiL ...' rod only alier ...' GI) and (.') - are
dilt!.ent. (The answer js at rhe botton of lhc colurrn ) lJointolrt Lhcverb rensesaiter'No sooner...
a n d H a r d l y . . . ' -( g ) x n d ( h ) .
Poitu out that (m), (n) and (o) are useflrl in rhc world
of rule'givlng.

fa-.':.:a:aaaaa
'p.rs.rP ua.q pELl
uea E lt\pau4tuox
r.nadsur srlod aqJ
u"td eqr Jo ssaDns {r uo /.E nqpatuauuas aH
rea,{ I?rruurl
rset 3qr rol srrJordc ?-JStqE pa.unouuo NpuolI
'3urp".t
-sruJu..q p"q sarnSg aql terppaSparcau|xo eI"I
: rla 'salrnl? 'sFdrdsaeu u p:sn sqD tEuuoc ("
:Lu.qr qlu saot r?ql
,rnltrrlls eLFlo iuolD? uJ sqre^ .ql r.qrF 8ur&oqs
soruaruas auos elt ^\oleg) pasn sr I aoq sDaJE
qf,rqa asta Sulq$ux Jo ',.rolasolodB, 3 a 'uorr
-Bodrd prrads ro . t4 erqnr"r8uo), 3 a lalcto
"
u" r.l paaolol sI q!^
rql J3r]l.qa il]aqtr or oq? Fq
. p.oa rqr .o.duruc-u J . P! ur {tLo uu {lolo.l
rlP pooE ? lo .sn 3qr Paau IIia Iaql lnq ',$or'iruroq
roJ op ptnor ,{aqr rtalr SrqqFuos aq rq3!u qql
, 8u,p?3Fru uaaq pq s.rn3s
.qr lBqr paEpaploul1r .H, .tur $ SuqForos l?ql
',su"eu
tMp" ro ldatrrE ot surrur ,aBp.t^\ou:'l.l?. B a
prod rlrre r?qa ul?Idrc or 'wrdordd" aDqa 'uaqr
ls" pu? slurpnrs trqr qrr& srs{ ar! qnnorq oc
d"Ire^o .uos llsnot^qo q .r.rp 'rr^.aott lsqF ad&
,Susurllmns, pu" sqrr^.dIr ,Srmrodar,orq papwp
:)r? pu" al aq1ul 3l? sqlr^ lurrodu 3tF Jo rsou
lo srslt'Ilu"uodur $ lasll?rrrtrlns ? s D u'?r q]iq&
qra irotrnporui uE Jo arroqr aq1 'qrsrds rtrailpul or
lr3rrp ruo{ suorlrwoJsurrr proa roJ proi\\ Jo pe.rsl

pu,fuopnPoJlul
sqre,rSulspeururns
[Dp3u!o1o alaqr dn ! Ftdplnoc li pa4n pas 2
'ao! Surr o aw an!3ptnoa.qs plos ans

'atuu ua aaLult
nndn a.t rnau [at uctot! wqi na paw1od1r..aqa[ Z
nflan aq au! pqn Dap! ou prq aq plDs uluDN I
(LLr d FrJ) staNuy
'pro^! rol proa SIEAIE rou pue '4apqdordd? pu'r
,{ en]?u pns ur.q sEqrEqa xod ol alq rq or sI
ruEuodur aroru qrnur $ rlrru( psD^ art^ pue qraads
prlodai olur L{r3adsrrrlp 8uurrp 4dus uEttl 8ul
-dorr.p Inos arou Euqrou sr .r.A 'r"i]r pEs 8uu"H
&Essarauaq IIIA {roa lRrpeuerauros'r8els slql r
a$e su.Iqord IUE Jr paads pauodai.lo srrutqr.u
qs?q ]LF Jo iapuiuar E s" sa.^rrs .slI.li
sIqJ

asl)raxj l 8

qcaadspeuoda.r1onaL\eJleJsueg

0zrdsc) qleedsperoda!

'a) rqt ut .si)FD aqr ur sssrord s]Io

Jo.tduRxa uE sr araql uorsir^ul e^DEBeuSuhorls
s3ru3ru.s orul saruauas .Frurou, ltroJsuPrr ol sxred
ur lroa ot pals" rr? IrqJ elu sruapnrs .qr nrqa uo
r.st.lax. sqr roJ sxsasuou.r? .Jrql
auadap 1ls

ssrrraxttl
e{Dpuns uo ted q Patnalp aq
[1110,
uau tm sa.uo1su11.11.l'ut4da.xaDpLol
as{a. aqt ar uo 112401aq
toqo4D nJ. auu ou lV t
'suaqs
han oJparlutula.t

staqluaa uox lunol.tt au uo e

a4 ua rcnqtlt snop ato sa.uelsutulx ou ppun I

(!LI d SJ) sraMo anlssoa
isll .{rqt st Htr]snuR
ro snoduod s eq ulr) laqr rqaprsrd qnp JIoB
Sutrq Jo rltds aqlorul1a3 or sruapn$.SElnoruu

asl)rexl l
'raPunos MorD
u4A1nq aqi Mqn a{ttsaqr pauddo aq poq tlproH 9
'paqtan
zulaqlb ar'nD haa Mtw aqt vm auy ou tv I
aln slq Bu!.ldoupq qtlrx pazloq. osto $n aq
's,.n7 pro| Suuaprmar) pasn..D aq son quo |aN,
8ultulttd 3ulslu aet!) {1a6f,w aqt aaps al atq'
pratt .rc4dsry s1'n tuallo?usanq rMuDdI4 Quo t
qsor. pnol fl q|!n loou aqt
ai FJ aq u'qt aqn aq 4u7up aq po(t rauaas oN e
'pahno.slp
paqau a.t aql luun pN I
ttpoq
ary
en
(9LI d q") 5'aoLuo aq!-.sod
alqrssods ,{F^trlul3Rut sEsaJual
ues arp rfsroU or uaql raE pU? ir.q .In .Lro.uos
arr Iaqr n3?L1ror sruaptrrs tsv
io 'anqrqt
"rlRty

esorexf z l

paFaal
aq tuawatlls o 1ltn/un aa13, sans qtu.t! quo
'rno
pu
pappap
8olaql
stn 4.rq aS
oB
ol
roq!
I
'luDau
I lrqn PuD&apun
aq plp sau4t Dtq 4 pautoldlz p'q lo+lb uanaPN
Qtan
01patno o aq s]auosud lm ro)4ron ot pano lt sta
uatudalo shuDFun: !. tt'uoltd2.xa lapun Quo
clnq aq no pu{[aq|p\p ra]ol eoa[ ual luuh loN

aru

8
I
9

t
,

qBno. ! uaqn 3ult\tnq aqt !.! an peq OprtH ,'

puyq. aq! s{Dld
aqo aq Onq 'ou0ldaqt [otduafsaop t(pa pN Z
'3uu1t)
q
q.ns
uaas
iuelttt
I atpq @aN I
(91|d aJ) eawtY

esllraxl l 1

she de./d,'ad fiai she had never been to Ausrrxlia

1\ey denantle,l a qrick end to ihe sbike.
They desc'ired how the pLanelad hit the grcun.l.
A source close to the govemnient l6.losel thc
.esultswhich the IJMhad been trylnAto kccp
we cr4arlelwhether

2 ....len ied tbat tb ete aas a plt blem ur th proa uc3 ....t hnoaledgedthat Lbae ba.l bem 6 poblem
vitb the wbodts.
4 ... a.c^ed the companr aJnti.'managemenr
5 ... re&a le.l ea/l ier todd! t b at fl okin g.an be good

iherc was an-vnea's of thc

'the

wess ollicer e@lained dlat fte star was ill

and woukl rot be able to aftend Lhepremidre.
| . . p . k e . t e , i , a r . m , . 1 t l . pt p , \ " . i ) c j
would be no statement that da_v.
After the acci.lenr, Ministe$ qresrloreddre saltty
of Lhenuclearplanr.
The woman srril shc had no loo$4edge ()1dre
A Palace spokespcson sldleddal drcre \\,.rs no

6 ... an now'ce tl tb a t sbe uas going ta t^h the t tSA

theIo oainEtear.
. t ' , \ t , I h r t . [ p h o r c e ' a p h a ,u: ,l r p ' o a a ' t a r P
hiding bebin.l b^he' the! coukl expect strc1q
8 .. e11quireLlubethd the d.c6e.! caulLl bedr uhat
aame.l nat ta learc tbe callntt!.
9
1 0 . . n p t ; p d' h a - h . h a d , o ' \ t , , t
" , l a n ' u 4should
n\
th.tt questian anLl sltgteste,l tbat tePane6
tbemselLes
tu
.r\king
abaai
ber
u,Drh
limit

He tolAtle repoltefwherc die mrn had last been

Thc workers lea.le. disasreed a d w)n.tercd
whedrer dre nanagement i-ould erer unde$tand

It Spcclalvc'bs lhxt srlmmrrise,etc.:

accuse(s olre) o1...
ad'nit + ing o/ tlut
advises-one!o,. or thet ...
egreeto. . or Lhnr..
xpologise(to s'one)for...

contplab about... o/ drai...

.ompli,nents'onc on...
confess(to s one) drat... o/contess sihg
.ongmtlrletes'one on JthS
convinces'one thxt ... o/s'one ot ...
.reny + rng o.tllar...
c'ncoumges one to...
i n s i s to n . . . o / t h a L . . .
o f f e r t o . . .o r s o n e t t h g
pesuedesioneto . ors'oncrhat...
p r o r n r s se ' o n et h e t . . .o r t o . .
rcnind s'one lo .. ors one tlrat...
suggest(to Cone) lhil... or + -ing
itunlr s ooe lbr...
rfueateJ]lo...or s'one with s'thg
w x m s ' o n et o . . . o / t h a t . . .

8.2Exercise
Possible ansuers (.CBp.774)
1 ... descnbe.l bau the train bad nat stoPpedat the

.
f-tao..

-._-l

Possible dneoers ICB p.r79)

1 aone on, Eire uP yaur Prctesr nou beforc i!'s too
2 'Don't uou]1. I IIeire m! sistel the lnessage '
3 I harc to sa! thdt last yearL.is not a eood one for
1'Remember, Mr Taska,Wu are Ln.ler oatb an.l
lo must tell tbehuth.'
5 Salesma : Ilnsurclat! bi Jin.l th$ cara rea t)

Me: OK, I'll bare it then.

f t ? n . " t . t i 4 J Q , i a t ., . t t , J a u t , , . t , 1 . a , , . . a

7 Caul.t ),pu laak again at thesefiEurcs, I m not sure

thnar'r,r.dtc
8.4 Exercise
Stu.lentsarc askedto lisrento a a.man, Jane,talking
about Lreingbullied at sclrool.Before listening,make
sure stu.lentsknow lhat'a PE lesson, which is lrlen
tioned in the extmct, is a Phlsical Educadonlesson,
\{/hile listening,siudentsshould look ar the repofii.g verbs in the cxcrcisewhich summarisewhaffhe
Aftef listening. thcy should lvork wilh a partner to
see if they egfee aLrolrtwhat was said, end dren wrte
.r summary. Ihey might need to listen to sclccLc.l blls
Possible ansuer (.C13p 179)
Jane stu1redb! sdjinE th.tt tbe ba ling began uhen
sbeu.ts dba t se* . She uas ^'ke.1abr sbe ba.l ben
tftdted lbis ua! and shee\Plaiw.l that it 1t ^ beca^e
sbe tudsseen as ddfercnt film tbe other cbi|.lren. Sbe

!-,r

]
Q|.!hb D\a i'u 1.tl

atuasSuwutl lb ).upq. p.a8 o anoqnnaqs aH

]t l11oqD
14nD Suradla.t $ltut ?H
noal
iPDut aq 1s.11ut
'? )1Ul

s.drh Ioa
ttt.tt l.

tt 't

q.t6 $utrr,';JuttDtl
,

.'.

dd-

'.t\

l,LtD.1I
j
lt
.Ltatl

dsalI utD,C..u

tet!4tt('

utoSo SqQI alaq aqPlnoL:lsta.ll

u qnsar Pl1ta. n
autnofav.sa|tn

uauu
u E aqt tnoqD pal d otn i Dat 3u! laal a.l $11u,la qJ t
D!.4v qrt.4;.t F.Ir.sa al'q ptnor all
'a.Dctnau.srulPiq u aq
fl a..H ,
oi palunq utaq anuqlpu,leqf
LtalD1t1iv?
paoJ
utu aMq Nt n taau t'
rb
la
?elPanq ptlto) na.\
S tzaal udaq arDq ts,tu /ra.\ Z
rydn w t! th! a@q tq3!1un.\
'u,Ltqlrq aq] Ltlaq
nna) tt I
t$l .1,,1:))sra,nfltbatqlssaa
:.uouJnl$
uotr rsrd pur ru.srd L|o.las elcllssodI puu $'oLl
-rnlF .qr ioJ sasuodsr o,{r rsralle arnpord ii)qr ]PLD
os rr)rl lrl p sa t)sruelJr qn or sru.pnrs :F?Jnorul

ssrrraxf 6
,s'.1qta.
.t] , blsuostar aq la auas.rstql!aq| atqaifl st 4 At
's41o11tplsaqlw4aat6
aq assr aq
'.)nlssod .uo s.4
,lqn ot sD1louit uDt,Jxa'Ioltd litq
tl
pt ra sw|.qs.ll u1ol4 t,uot1qtDd I I
ttatq a! a.aq
aiJtl s,4,u1u ad|lit;(iuo
'u4
I ltDqt a.nu 2u.3 .rDq 01alq^\o.lut! s,tl I
4.!s a.laqsfl]nqslqtn ann-taqto t
ao 6 .laliq auaqdpfio,n ldqi pas!tu'.1
,r)t[. paund.]DqanDLtuD.loq,n puoi apLntuapL
i.41ti.,{p aql q dl1 noq 31qo spn ahq.1.,
oBDslbp on, .Dq tnDsndt uaqn ,,,J,JDttos svtn aqs a
t aq uaq.ta,layl
?src q.ntu D\1oq aua.tuB at tsol aq asnr..g I
(08r d sl) sds,,l?lss.rd

".1..rf

'. t,o.,.q.4

noq aar'u
rt1t..q.nt1

.,_

|ru.
'4aatnaqthlaleaq 714ootq.llrqodD8l1u9w aqJ !
stu4aI lnt te :an.no t
'tf'L

p uopoq st.!rn)t aqt asDonQ anlssodaltnb s,u ,

'al'sath
totl aM)q lE liuD tb.ll asntDaq l:
Luua.{qrat
slnl anl r.l1! 31!!,(pn6 uaa.l aa,naI 1!tt .LaIV Z
pa[qrs.qr
moqp butEauns snou4 )qs asnD.aqalqnsaqs.tl I
(08I .l gtr) sratst, alqfsod.

a,rrssed
pu a^Err - sa^!]ruuu1tuasald :ssPrexl l 6
j.ilrads eLltJortnrnlr.qrJo turqr or
LurqrsJtxnoiu. rlrni,{'s.rnrr.Llts er! punorDt()rttn
Jrs .qr .urifrn or s.1urpfrs rlsP sasr)'ax) o^\r rsru rqI
Irau r8nrl n usrta rsnlplLt
J.tpol r.q .!ao] ,lptlPurl
aq s! .{r8rnq rq ,r.,,l,or
.rtJ. 3 i ur), jo r.-pd.qr sr ,ppotr. plE .,!Etu,.lo r:-r.l
' uroj rsrcle )^q stlo.\.s.qrJo auos
rqr sr ,nL8||1t,
ti:qi rrprsuor noi u.qd s.sur rJilqord FLIouv
q13sJ]rs tql
r.luL IIrN oq.r Dpr eqr $ rr qstt8uEuatrlN uI l'rq
'puilur no]l qrnu r:_trl.{oLJs orrarsr: srlI q...os
ut ,^rLU.pur .pFo), .rllnru. alLtsprot ol pJltl.lnnr
qriJuarrsrqrnroqt ta$t rou op sr.IPJds qs,6u!
a-\rll]uiurlu rEqrFrl .qr .{.t parDrlduor )rot!.PtQ'
$ rt tu'r 'pl.ueutul eJo rlq x sr t.rt rloq^\ rq.l
',(UqEqord s..rt.P ssad\e
Jo
sJnrtlrrlr sr: o,{,ri_nu, oi \8nonl.l,u'rtr, ruo{
tr.alu spro,\,toq uo sr sLlrol.)ql ril.ltrq. srql ul
lrr

ui aE"nBurt strl Jo s.tdorxrroj

( Ll._n8!!uaio.ls
tfl Ut.3Ed..s)

Itule.rerlrrltqeqo.rd'l111qtsso;

(ez|d sr) | sarJEtlrxne

lPpoN

a^rssdpue a^FrE - sa^lrru4u| $?d :asrrr3xl Z 6

'q.nu aat ,ulntnttsaB arar] f,aqt asD'ras
tI
a1q raqtD't 4ron 1[ai?q asnnau al
'a1u,
a
dn
Pu.au a ./I ?I
't\lLPulpataro.tll
II
$abrd/ndu
t .q ntJD ql.tlip I qhhoq4v
laal4aql p 4oat qinaTala tlbqt4u1qu uop I 6
svn atpp F'utsqt aql uaqtl.Dqu.uat I 1.top
I a

srLaplxlttraot aq lb IUD )n.xtl,

ir ar pael/at aqstaanaH ?1ttrsaqtJa..ntu 41nut al
.n paujnq ua.q pDq ot ..u a tDq paurasqa
plDas
a.ts aat a/jt 1.,.eu4 pa\nq 3L!aq at Passa.lit@r,slt1pltD
pattlutlt)
t! tnaqo lott.p rLtlp a!1t11|r.nuaE t 31.tm1tq
,.ts .opral sqlotl )q1q.ln a[pu] alut.Dq toEuarp
tudpt.ut lDtDtu0daua p?q $dp
tkt.t.qpaquaqn

2 ... ablected ta the anicle or objected ta being tald

2 1cep.rat1
Modalauxiliaries

3 ... ttsofteLl to.llltgsor resofled to rcbbine banlls.

4 ... redcte.l tu the tpus or /eacled lo seetuEsameone

'I

liis group expresscs obligation and necessity. or the

lnck of it. Notice lhar 'should is in fijs group as wcll
as dle previous chapter, but dlis time it has anoiher

lfther ask students to look ar the e$mple sefiences

d rhe begiining of rhe chapter or put some of me
seffences on dre board and ask dre stuldentsro caregorjse L\em by strength and fundon.
Dnw sttidcnts' ancntlon ro rhc .liffcrcncc betiyccn
'didntDeed to go'and neednt h3ve gone'.

10.I Exercise
Passible
ansuea (.CBp.1n1)
1 ... sorou neeLln't bare (btuullht ryursleepins bdg)
2 ..- sai l 1E didn t neetl to, or .,li.ln t harc to. (not
'mertn't' as this mea6 n Lt|brbi.lden)
,3 Yes,Jbtl shouldn t baLv lefi the EaLeoqen.
1 we , fou should.lehte ... or .. uall b6Leto.teLpte
marc tine to srucbing iJ ...
5 yalt m \tnt li.tten ta him.ot vou shoul.l haLe bxt

5 .. Iimit mrself to lu) ,t da! or linit inlseAb ouU

smakinE in tbe ettening.
6 ... ddoteLi b er life to tbepaar or deroted her li le t )
belPing cbitdren.
7 ... Lt commified to itor X commltte.l lobei g alNd!
frc n h amefor,1 tone tinxe.
8 ... a.hPt tortte dom or to ddapt b lil)ing in ! be ou l
9 ... resigtl oursetuesr) d ttui ot rdisn aulsetLes
taualking in the rdit|.
10 . . canfessedto tbe .leception or confesse.]to bre.lh
ing tbe uin.lou ('h.tring btuken'i' also conect)
11 .. tdke kitl.ll,t Lamde 4ssistants in shoPsor take
kindl! to being sPokento in that aay.
t 2 ... aPPDse.lta tbe neu ldu or opposedb inctpan g
13 ..- tantaflount

taftuu.1 ot tanrdlnaunt tu ste.tliryl

11 ... take ta the in.loot hfe or tdke to llinq nt a bed.

15 . . cane close to tbeir dins or came close b ater
thrcuing the goremmenL
16 ... lpdu.e.l to uee.ls or rc.lu.e.l to scratchine
around.lar irc.ts.
1 7 ... tbe he! to b appinessor t he kqJtto liring.. laiq
18 ... feel up ta tisi tars or fe el t @ ta eating q fu

neal.

llcap.tez;
Gerunds
'smether

a ve$ ca. bc followed by . scflrrl or an

infinirive is dcalr wIh in lhc nexr chapter. T.!i! chap'
tcr focuscs on one snx l, bur sarisfying, poinr: dle use
of a gerund after dre preposidon to , e.g. I m loohing
for$r'ard ro setrg her', not I'm looking forward to see
It js lry easy not to recognise 'to' as a preposition
but io assume automatically n\at it ls lhe infiniiive
fom of e !erb. Try putdng a noun or pronoun Jter
to'r if il's possible to do so, then dre senrence can also
be completedby e veib in the ing tbm.

I l.l Exercise
The sentences contain dre most commonly used io
phnscs Lhxrtake a gerund.studeffs should complere
them in two ways: fi$t Lryputtlng a noun of prcnoun
alte. the preposition, an.l secondly by conpleting the
sente.cewith x !e$ ln the ing fom.
Posstble ansuel's (.CP'p.182)
1 .. 6eLl to ldte ni\bts. or ae.l to tlnL)ing on tbe
other si.le af tbe nad.
l-mr

'

Gerunds2 1cap.te:y
Choosingbetween-ingandthe infinitrve
The choice of a gerund or an infinidve is not leally e
gsmmatical decisionand cant be bgically ans$crcd.
The best wxy for students to think of this ara is as a
vocabr aryproblem which wod to choose.
Asksrudenlsro look atrhe ibrir sentencesat dr
beginning oi this chapter ihich illustnte the use of
gerunds/iDl]niuves after ce.tein ve6s.

12.I Exercise
Studentsdiscussdreir ideasof the four sentcnccsand
rry to summarisetheir thoughG:
Possrble a6tuer (.CBp.Ia1)
'sane uerbs,e.s.
?ostpone , arefo oued by a getund,
and otben, e.E.'rcmind, bf an ln/inlttue Insome

Lisr

_l
''' ut1ou4
I
'''peealt
L
(panapqq\tajo ro) i'ulttsau
9
;lLt!3uDLt I
' nultt'n
,
(PaDaD.s rtr Sutnu - ,
;tu14
Z
' 'panturp
I
(9aI.l fL)) srams lt alqlsso4

asDrexl t |
3uIU..u e BsEd! 'lulrt8 p.sn
SuFq satdDnp.l rspdaoqs g) pue (.) srru)u.s
'(.rrs lu.uxruad ! saqursrp lprqa'(.) arual
urs ro] ld.)x.) .un aqr 1r Sutusddfq sD\ ro sr nrq,\
SurqDsap n'oj 3r rqr ur sat.lrrlxd,{\oqs rsr!.{.
.r! Jo Buruu6rq rqr rr srru.ru.s .r'rtl.lsnlll etlJ

se^lDelP
a)rl'lla^PdUrsao
lJa tupap4luo.
3111nrq' rga aq {at pue \1q3!laqillb pauJnr, z
qBnotql
tatn pE aq'uuotstzpunqi a u! lq,mt. to;l ilutaDH t
'Pua
)ql
pun
n.ua.auu! nq 3uus21.t.Jtrostt.l !palPutkaqt.
t
'11
.lLL.oar
Lltpt,o. taql
;arolaq
prq
axa u, uaas3L4n1Jq
ran.N t
a4
t'qt
tt'tDnq 31.!!t1!!
Gil.tot ro) uaqn adod aq pu aqs z
waot aqt lil t taaP aq18ultutuDls t
(!8r d g:)) sJar?sar

ssrrraxt |
euapar.t tDtD prnDwd .tl...t
actl'aoJbq ?Nitas Dpa4ooi loLt ppq I.snDas
:ptp
q1
p adt.a. aqt. .
q'allnos
a
up!
1,
4oo.
!aa..
' ' at p.plrap '|op
|
sDil lDp,rq!. I
fi&nsDv
! snDrag:J. tau'[1tLLt1s
a.ar d ,t)) srah-uv

eslrraxl z l
'srqr satcluE!. oar sEq
z Et .slrrrlX
Jo
11olprrnl.r lou i^Irl1qlJaLqs aql ol lx.u u3Du
.,-. 1 10 r,.l itr..rq,rqr.,dr. . , i r'
ol,{._ta
u?p,ro.prqtrpntun. patler a,r liq^\.lt.n
,!F^ sr rr wrpsr uorlnnsuor sqr SursrlJorrBucp ruo
'as ap q rltat aqt svn sql pau)?p
I tsDgr4l aqt 01pa aatutran.Lt PDqI asnong ,
aq Ltaqdpa t4lDtn?II
lry tunoAt 31t!.111!11v'n
'Ltuqnl ul Manua., p art.
osaral.hqlory'Dlaqsa8 1aruot raq tl4 attsody a
.u$alard plo [a.k a.lai a.( zroa.!

'olpor
Suyolsl
sDm
aql
ai
I efcflA to) MqA I
G8l d sl) trtds,l'

asDraxll |
sasnel)uoseeJPuourlf
gf
Feoq.qr uo uraqraltN puc ESt dirrns
uo s.srrjax. rqt IUo.qsJlduExr oarro.uo rutr
lou ac lrqr I r.uJru3s ! ur pasn ,r" ,brlr ,uoq put
e^r8 ol sru.pnrs }Isy
Jp sal.litrurd tNq,{ lo s.l.lu*a

(s8r'dsJ) sald!)lrrd

SuLLatnslntpaplarD aq l'ap aq ot ,u!?uaQrd ls tI

at a1uJ.ad\,,) '.tDt8ryuax notrpulu luatI ?l
Dttod aq 3uluoqd
pasaSSnsatro| stH E.o! aql a.h ot pau! .H
IL
''. s?ramaql 7ulataq pDaq t .0I
aua''''
(pasnn 81ry]Dqro) 8ulsn'r patp!,ar q.ldap - 6
'd1131111
FE sL.Dalt!'u'DoA 8ato[aq lup.] ruDtn 1.{I a
'8u1qetnsuDnn
I
|u" 4,"c'
l,?ruDi,r'''
pa t4 8ulaq PaqslJaq
I
rlrl la8 ot loLt t?q paenpD
,
'pulqaq uo4qq Saaq slaqaaua
t
'au
naitalDq
puD6opunsnuat
a
a.lrfa aql u! 'u!4ous no o t,usaap
l
(8r d sl) sJar,$rr

asltrraxlz z I
'.{rrssa.au
ro.tqlssodsrr..r.louxrrqr.q^\

or uortuaux8ul,{dpulj 'sqr.r aql Lp& sa)ual

lres .r{rur or sruapnls FuDisr dnor8 ri.t .htorg ul:qr
q8norqt oB or rtsia dru' n'rl 'rurp.r .qr .{q pi.Lrosqr
..1 ltr$ols urtr pur 'aruaj.lrr st .r.q ai! .{aq l.
sbutu?au ru.r.JUP
a^q qrlq,\ rnq qroq a)lxl ue) rplq{ sqF^

Iriiuirs r^u{ rpiq.{ pur qroq a{cr ur q.lqa sqF^

'\rrdlur'r r]]r -'l$ v-n
p L r ' 1 1. ! d F r . r t v ' . r '
'slutod
ruI d trl uO
.salll Daurr q)rqa sri_tt.!1ol rrx rillr

',urau.
, 1ua.e/!p t 'vuDax( aqt
qn aqtqlm 3 a 'tae) )aqp ut 'ranainoH aulurau
u a.uataJ|ip tDel ou qtvt pas 2.1uD nsu!/u!
Lr puD p1rtua3 t ',tjuL!..I qran aqi q11n 3 a sa]l.

."";"," l

| 1cep.teel
Relative
clauses
Definingor identirying
Establish wiLtl thc stLrdentswhar a detiiing relativc
clauseis (Lheyluve an eelanation in lheir book).
xnd ask thcm Io sug-qestsome relative prcnouns thal
afe used to inrroduce these clanses (uba, uhicb, tbat,
u -^ | bh, p u hon t&)\ Ai.. ".k $l e$' r i.
always necessaryto include x p.onoun (no, it isn't,
rrhr\l
qr'Fr, prJ,o.n,ee.,rle
lF.
Ask fie studenis to stu.ly thc lllustmdre sentences
and lhcn do fie exercise.

14.lExercise
.n Ue,. !irPrd.Le!rh
e Jng..L-ldli,r
clauscs, ask students to wite at leest two differenl
ways of dellningtherord5 ln lt t.r_ usingtwo diffeF
Possibleansuers (CB p.7ai)
1 The mdn ba/lbat is stan lir|g ate| therc is mj
'Ihe man I gtue tbe baok ta Ltstan.liilg o!d'there.
'the man uhase uncle hasjust been nade pr6i te17t
a stantlnq alPf thefe.
Aryane aho is not a .omPletefoolcan da it.
Aryane uhose knauledge is uide mough .Ltn do il
Aqn e that u.tnLt to c(.tn.la i!.
Anjane I knov can .lo h.
Tbat's tbe lnakl bara vd
t hat's the baah that/uhicb ca\te.l the tuu.
'that's
the baak itbuhicb Ihithim.
we bauEbt tbe/ilst hou.rew sau.
ttc b.LLht tb,lit t hoLs. u hr h thdt hdd apaftl' '
nu.h rather Eo ta a fndce ubm it\ bot.
I'd
5
I d much rather Eo ta a pl6ce I can rdN in.
I d lr tcb ratber go to a plLtceubose angins are
6 IueU rcmembetthe.la! uben l.fi^t sau her.
I aell rcnember the .1ar that u.tr D4! declare.l
I L cttr.mmh rttu Jr! u h. h na'b"d thP]vqia

2 1cep.taz;
Relativeclauses
Non-definingor non-identifyinS
In conlrxsrto tle previous chaptcr,Lhcrcladle

-:: r:. ' f.-rqf

clauscs here are most often used in $'ritten Engl'sh.

The
Non identii.ing claiNes add enra i.foftrtion.
senrcnces \1rculd be fine without theml
Non idenri$'ing c}ruses xre precede.l by a co'nma
(and follored by x c.,nrma loo if the cLauseis ln thc
middle of 2 scnrence).
''l'haf is not use.l.
Ofien the contst nu.hes lhe neaning clear sen if
fie punctuationis wrong, bultherc e'e ocasiorb
when corect un.lc$tanding depends on corccl
(seeRcadingchapter 5)
pLLnctuation.
A s Ln u . L n - r o o o k " r h p i U { r J r i \ F e - r e ne .
l5.l Exercise
/'6r,e?s (CB p.1EE)
I t nro4.u1t.h^th",dp

' t ' I . t t v a Jt e l a n . l .^

Ialtdon, ubere Jdr .entuies peaple haLe come t.,

is becomine nole and nore cmuLle.l.
2 Agdth.t Christie, uhase boohsare rcaLl the uorld
A!4dth.t Christk, aho i,sbett knounfor ber
.) mequrpase a.fthisbooh,lrhich uas unft% by
N.tjlor an.l HaAgd, i-' to helP ...
'tbe
PurPae qf this book, at tbicb rou arc naa
taabng. is to helq ...
4 Napalean's pen, uitb ubicb be siAne.l the peace
agreale,uaspur...
NaPaban\ pen. uhich nerer oathed ptLPoU, uas
5 Sbeen.ouraeed hel flotha-, uhose I'Ie bdd been
cbange.l by illness, ta reiart . .
sbe encourdged hennother, ubam she rcspecte.l,
6 Fenan, obd'e prc.Iu.ts are uidelr adnired

are

L rdi. thi. h r ott t.rhur ltnt. aL tntnB

7 1911, uhen the llitst warLl war stune.L mdlhed ...
1914, rl)hich o.ts the Jedr of bis birtb, marked ...

15.2Exercise
this excrcbe combines the work .Lonein Chaplers 1'1
and 15. Srudentsh?ve to ioin pxirs ot sentences
' o g e ,e , h . .
'hfinjrn-l
x . \ _ , r ' Frr. d o . , s i r
sentences
tlr
rclrlive
definlry
clause.In
some
anon
p o r o n , . , , r , . J , r . , r n e r . e r e n . e i n\ _ D J "
/rszrels (cB p.188)
1 I bouEbta neu bike .lhicbIba. !nee.le.l.
2 Ran tld Reagan, uho srdrted life as a17actar,
became hesident ofthe LISAirL 19a/. or RaMl.l
Rengan, uha becdmePrcsi.lent aJ the USAin
1981, staied We ^ .ln .tctor.

@smauun etn qlqn

[.tps
,o1..11a SwSpuatt aq1ol
z
1[rd, fl qxlqn \and o1
I
(68r d sl) saa?sYr''

ues aql lo ]lrd $JrJ rql or suolrtrrar ro saulaaj sl{r

-rJo) u.rJo tu, asnBlr lEuorllpp" slql (
ou
"uuor
ptq
usrq .^"rI ptnoa araqr !la$ luasaid .qr u..q
rI
'lJAsL-v)
;ruas
JI lu.srd Rau a ES,Gqr l?qr Fq ern
-rjd r ru.^rB laqr rEqrlJq aql ro rurs d 3qr aru
Ire^ s?a rxq^\ suaPnls aql rls? eru.lu.s puoras aqr
rltit[ o1 rqraJar sr rsrulr e l1?I.r arll ]dqa +!FJl puE
sa.u.turs, llH]snlll o^\l3t! l lool pFoqs sruaP'rrs

.q)lqa,:aslrrocl
I9l
',qJlq^t!?r! Sr.lqr .ql,
Jo BuruEeur
.qr sPq rr Pu' (sEululor qI^\ Prsn lou) unouord
3^!el3r ? sr p.sn rq oq" uBr ,1eLIA,unouord rqJ
'I a.roj.q rs?rqd .Q
Jo aloqa .ql
$ r"qr 'a3?n8uEl lo uorDrs rrSr'i] Ror ltrB.l DJar osl"
, p , ( p r J u r o.. , o t ' p r ' r d , . r i q { u n u u o , d J J

.lPq^, Pue.qlql , sunouoJdor{f

(eetdec) sasnPltelneleu

UDBDq
[uodua. aqt a'uls ahq uaaqanDquoqnlo auas
tualatrtdbo puuaeod aqrrtblb$ ael s! slcllpuY I
'qsqqru ata4uo. aan q4qn &rlot'u
lo
acr't'sJo.put)q puo.as Sut,tnqdors+uryn. aqs 9
a,:!Lt lcrmhJi'q tu[)'osT saauoiuNlonuu' stH t
Pa,ta4uaun
aran aoqmIo t 'uainlq' aatqlraq qlry pat! aqs ,
'a2ua4
l " 4 n o s a q n ! n q l d n J n J r n s d \ 4 o qo t 1 1 | ' t l r c a H ,
ssapsns! q.lqnlo q.nu uo|1
Duroli4lo /trua4aplaord tunoro lHaunb aqt Z
als.y.yalrtuoqt u'unq 8ul

toc!sosin ?"3a1na,(li aaq aplss.rdst,aoqn,)

a fla8?...,faw I
apual p q.lcrnhp'sitn
(6sI d sc) sust'

asluarl t 9l
lsow ,
1lil01t&.qtroltnoaqaarwn q.!c!m.{o
sunDtslloyasant'ctol punal aan W!q!n./oatuos t
SuuoaddoslpQtttnptu;l
sl ,auau,rarlb asns, rnq 'l.auo. [tp.uva wr8
q.stn, pa8$enrq aanuoqnla auou z

.au,plvsuoqn la sautnb aar.{l I

rcAr.lg! slansuy
as|]rexl s I
q)rq,rJo Auolru aqr
'q)qa
ruoqa
'ruoqa
Jo auos
Jo tt
Jo srelDnb reJql
3 a 'ju'u ^\oq, ro ,q:niu aoq, uousenb .{! rrasux
qf,rqa pu? sasnrp 3 rr?jar Sult{ap-uou or prppp .q
uEr q{q \ sas"rqd arp uoqalo
,pu",qrlqaJo
i

sJaurLuJatac

itpot no aqi 8ulEnrJlpnos I u,u .qr ,toqr. 9 r

q&ou t$u qiln lrpltoq uo 8ulo8 1uoI uosad aqr
fl'qroq u! san aqnJDdro qtoqlttsaaq qqaw
txau [Dprpq uo 3u!a3ur r tu.qn qtln 7od 9I
''' s7ad

'n.aN
\alttnrar rola80u4r8tldIa alqd D e q4qn
ro Dluuns u! pq 'qautarLra sra8'ar aB saySltd
nlrtd
lltettlt rotagDltl!'|ldlo
aaqn 'm.aN lo
aq1\:t tauwtLs u1pq [lalua.rxa \^laBq.lqm'otaw
tI
''\tul

alP s?a.eunel
8ulssassodioIpatsalr" aan
q.lqn p/ahqn f,itpatsaf LaruDt D stn araql 9I
f,ttu'lrqar tod na{ Sutqauos s! 'arp
tas qllDaq a.f atuouv 01anlt aq pu rrM $at
-tuanaa aqr qnqn fiaqtln 'taua'Bp uo ror aqt zI
nroln aqrpunon 3u! anru autl& pl o
spuads 'uit4pA aql s] ^'t'q auoq asaqn'a.lod aqt. I I
spuoutlt.k [tiu'DJitatus putt .tanq nqtt t
Wsvr W!.!m aallulb dn D 4utup le[anl'q I aI
uaas.q
uD. ' 8ulzouo utt &Dt{ oi Maasqltqm'uaryDs
ro 1.ulttut ;Jutuoq qtnq'u! Sutzuutt
ut meq ar u/-2as'3uL1dsaqi M aaat {!ai) umtt.k 01
tDa.u4aqtdn8uldtunlu'as aq un q.!q 'uotulDs 6
'11t.
$nu p atu! ap'u uaaq s'q .ru1auo) tou ll!1s fltq
'8u!X laqtnT ulu'ula,lro$
a./, a.E I
,u'a.q, 8aqo1

qsnnusrt)

plmt EoadsLuptTLo.aqn [opralsa[ DutpuI

I
ale M{ s1qlo eauanbpoaq
aqia!2qn taFaq.ut W ul Er.tn ot 3uto3 e aH 9

u"uqXo.la sltm"- uul

pa.!.alnsraap. $aqln'Mltq8utuunz I
b y ut tool.bcrSuwnd
p o qtnauttaq 8ryuado.[o q'q nq u.vJ paral
fns pau. asoqmup!.!!Uodv s1'ntuoq8utuun) 7 t
uo4.uxlnu.t a8uaql
aus a1padlaqsvq uauDstuoito uouDtuasuo.tt
s! qxlqm (dAA) arnttNroJ rund apLAplro aa ,
'uaddeqar
Pauaas
araqma1,!a,ry.pn aqs
3t1li!.\'a3u!qrou

CRAMMAR

"n'.1vpd"

d4r uh,t 1ts.[.'rn

t]sL.,h

. . golf, nhich ndtie her.feelm cb better.

ul^"h\oaL'l tt".ahl
.
5 .t t a.ruI

... nau, uhich makes tbeir nleetings rdther r.man

ctare .latl)n, lrbicb is @nblefor a the hi':ls
7
a .. t h e lot tery, 1lhic h u).tsto be e:xpected I su?fase.
16.2 Exercise:

naunce.l/ilt:/ dLthe beginning,like u ion, uni

1o RiEb!. ( the is uv.J he[ore cenain d.ljectiLvs bhich
then nrh ^: nouns; thq arc Phra,
mentiane.l);ta
11 Wftng. b! car(no p.trti.ulatc
Lrissoa rk (1tncounlabte nroun): stdr i1r be.1(1n
t t . n . h b pt . t a t l . a . L h . - o . o b c t t . t a
"l
| 2 wlne

'what'

/rspels (CB p 190)

1 whdt lat needisdhali.k1,bftbesea
't
t..,..t .tb1rha't,,tt ,l ,n ri [/
I wbdt l:)edbcare,cd ercited bim Lpry nlucb
I That s exactu uhat I u)ase:\Pectnlg
5 DoJtau knou,ubdL m! opi io ist

If dre s dentsh2vc had no trouble Rith dte previous

exer.ise,_volrnuy wrnrto skip thc follor'ing anxlvsis
session.n.l go or!o Exe.cisc17.2.
Ifyou do discusswhar guidelines.an bc 2pplied lo
the use of anicles,\ou aill prcbablyjind thxt 2.l.li
tions or modificationshxve ro be flrde on cornpie
aboul t][sl
LionotFxercise 17.2.!f1rr sir.rdents
... . . .{, r.\ Fr. I .ru. .
. p ,. t
I
rn
ati.l.
sllcn
lhey a.e being rcfered lo
.ll)' rake
in connectionR ith lhcir use.
meansoinanspo.t: 'by is not foll()vcd by ille
mexls:notuslal lo use the'belorc nc.rls, bui you
can say a' if ther. is an adiecd'e beforc, c.g. ft
wns a very llood .rnncr.
countries,cilics: nor nomal to usc \he (except
tbfcounrrics whi.hhave plur.l naJnes lhe
Philippines- o. shose namesrnclude$or.ls l]<c
republic,slxres,kingdorn, cLc.).
geneml or specilicrefe.encc:e.g. Children are
expensiveto bring up..?zdWc left the chjldrcn

Articles(cBp.r90)
The use ofaaicles, or ihe la.k ofusc, mxy be s,olthy
ofa lifetini. s nudy bygErnnad.ns, bul dlis cbxpter
i.l,lj-l|-m- I.l'F'.'
ur{noi .e inr
s'ay ahich makesihe students.cflcd and xnalyse.IL
is rcomrnencled thxt lhc sludetuslook 2tthe scn
renccsin Exercise17.1and discuss$.ferhefthe usc ol
F i
re. ,. .,ln
"r r. lr,
",1
have
fidshed,
theyi.ill
niistakes.
Aftefthey
deliberate
be xble to nekc some conclusionsabout article".

17.I Exercise
,lri rers (CB p.190)
1 Right. (a panicular hospital a d d?dtlicular
2 wrang. Oa 'the' )hen tbepldcers hein!: relen"Ll
ta iJ| cantrcctbn uith )b.11i] is Lted|br)
3 wrang rvhen she leJl school (sane rcasan ..ts
dborc) Nou sbe te.rchesafthe Itnile,sitlof
.:hicd:<a ('1he is Lred befarc the ndnes oIbuit.l
ines,?ktc es,etc. uith'of)
.t kt9h r.ttu.^ rh. fol'Lt,.r'"rh tollr t , ,
Fdni.uLtr); Po Ltlion ( Pallut hn' in aenenl)
5 Rlght. No dticle before a genetdl concept
6 lvrang. E rber TheelePhdntis tbe beauien....)r
Elephantsarcthe...(botb medn eleqhantsin get|
wrang. Paltics dre danindte.l bt lnen ( PoliLic{
Riebt. (thefei' anu ane nao )
9 \Y1ong ('a' not'an belbrc u,Drd'' tbdr arc pn)

tr!"

(noftMlbr no'tbe' beIarcneats)

ihe errh
uniqrencss:rhe.roon, the sLa|S,
d) xbstfacr$,ords,do not use $e (siih eithcr plLtrdl
or uncountxbles,ordt lo talk about o1ingsin
countxbleand uncountablewo.G: a/'xn can only
be used with singulxrcountablcnout1s(l house);
'Lhc can be $ed *,ilh ell kinds of nouns ( dre
housc , the houses'.'Lhcpollurion' thc lal|er
onl-v $,hen refedng 10some specific pollulion)

3
1
5

('nastpeople ar mastafthe peaPle')

Lr!l
rla.ellfu r"ot.o.,iaEr1\ap at D$st.sln.ul.
b spLtt?!
qSnat\p iural ptnt l ttut.t.tt a{ a!q4 t r to.Lh :ltatu
slq n s.Ladpd.qt o,t t11,rt.H l,Ltn1..U. .(.t..ld
/b $.a t.l, Lt.tolj rt nt.! ) .t?.h.! u ).Ltt u t t na! Dtl
)q1 p{trliii) nH.,.[lDlLulDu" pLo.tqu!!n.. :radDrl
trlnq nutl...lrlaql otLrle.t..b.s..t eH. nLt..na1sat.
I tr! t ttd.,atur q1&)s ry at. atqDnobrul1 :.!1.!ra\a.l
'lur)iot|u It.l
\tsr1?u aql: st1ou,!.tr..u unoLt.t111t.utso :srlau
,lo! trtu.tor4|/b s..a1.J. ut.t ta,s
:1b1tDut.tolit!
o] st astp.oi rJ at ,llJ]l ltto aqrtuno.lt
'st.s.[o\t111.]oiu Lt.t.hr.u1t.r .t.tt1tu"a:,Ln:\tosstrs
tit qenrsnl! t,. pDq:q lonlo(aqissot)D sltrq
lts rtkLlDsrq aH :.lqDlltno)un puD al.ll4urn. :.tti)q
a|u"s aql t tltnst ] Llral |o.t1IJ atqDltln. :ctslJ
.hlqs. :au Ds).!t u!.nlj ot nt.r '.jqlauno ) 4daqs
i|qal1| 1to), I I atollDPauuua)rD
' 1b.t.rr
la tu.nltDlnt.l
toultutaq r1 aj.la.J. ,fjLn st61.rl ot .nl t D.tl,l!7,
A ? 'aen1d't!D11]rLt.nl )..11".t ur peel '(lurDu st !
'atqDtltna. :uosrad
tD.u1tdD:Dtott:ltLt s! .sitotl..l tltq
(a6li al)) sJa,x'lt
$ ep.1! rq uroJ I'rnTd 'r u'. ,.1.t'runorun .t.p\rno.)
.{.qr rI
su'.t.lor.LasnD uD rrLtrsuuou rLlrj.l
.)ur_ lsnrsrp or.rurLtr DsrLL.Prrrs
sa^6-.cr.Jrx) srql

3r!! hDqst(tlL)al pLt e 4ooq .L[ u! 1!an!3a|.]&tltb

4qDn! na. atl. tBtlllLul Frqu n plur r!auDt.urD/il!)
pn...ns .t ..{oLt nal Ml a1p4aau4 q1,, 'r1t() 9
Gl'ha'l
./eq.,tuqD3 t.tlttl \iarL, otttnuostatlD) ,ulaas
sap st &qntuurFt.t1.qt t'qt plos t t:1t!\..11\:o:) t
( tr.ts .Lo)rpet
.uatnl q.
"ally
qtt tu!1L?pLt t)pq lnl anDqDuarra.lra
1]tebft
tt oi aDt]Taurcr 31t'pt{,Qtn.lJtplb
tat D?oq /
6ualqod)
tq,!t ts?lyDd.qr Irc ltrDt{rp pasna.noLtS t
(rDuru uDLtuJLut)
'ssn.slpo) lsirtls/q li trt.to.lu1auas p3.Jn./ z
t.. Dd D /. tdg 1na 1o!'-\ardtu1 |'raD';
)E) t bqrs.qt L!!.raq.Ietutq f,tpualrl D so,natau
Patry
pd a.ou t, tp ^nut ,uiutu)a.t \1 ?raq.l\outl, aqJ
(sDr'
t! ptutd| aoqis.uaD uL1saq.Lall.Jn[
[
lz6l .i fl?) sraMy
l..t.tlo!t)

asDraxlt8|
siJunreu nraDllrp 'lu,r p
ord uarJo-{'.^'oor sruo.lq'rutror sr pisn eq osli
urr sunou .ss.u'.r.) rl.ll:rtrnorun r.l or par.pBlol
irp qrnt.! qsrl'luJlII sunou r()s'rr^raoH
ltrj.u.t
tu)id epttu .q xx@rr rr pu, ,x.,i.l prpar:r.l
aq ro!ut] un.,u rtqrrunotrurl ur ril.hllr snol\.rd
i!!lt t. l.)dsn.Lrc rro s,trollotrldut) srll.]ur rlro.t.qJ

(rerd
sr)

asDraxl 8 |
. a4u.1)aqJ. )u..s )qt to e
a. o.lv, ttts oi .itt! ,.\( .tq nluls rt )4Dtt at !L!f,n
nol l. asl1oqaqi 3t.t1t,u!,Ltnsa!" a.it.d aqJ rtuttltl
D sL pa\l1aqatua|D.11 t11.)uo tpa .ttt st ..uad,
(Z6t d trl) sr's,r

asDraxlz 8|
.1. s4 t) .Dq)D.,
ts.t 1111)
1)lo.aLala)stto)?q pzt\DpP sDtn.tD. .qt un 4.ta \ r r
l.taqtt4) snltl
alttttuaasnD. rt1,na slrq) 0[
la.Lt ute.pLD4aatF
(u. Iu a! n t t Y lr p lq 4r t I/\\1, I
tddD.tfsn)ns au.,attus St4qstn h tln.t D) 1t.o,.'
I 6
wD apJtq )qt oi 1;ooto.\nlo.tdoii4ttt)trin
aqdlu,t.tl D s)D!qD lD qt llt rqtrruos.tD )LtDur,"/
p.tnu
..r 11Dn,na1t.tttcttl. ss,lns D.\rtL.t
.Dlar a.L,t] raql. ss....i1s tDa.t8 a s,,)t uqtl aW 8
Dunq 1-qpa a.tt1!.)r
lsluLrl
DqrDu si ]oqt fl.i.rt.qtLlt
ilutqrtt:D ).J)
nu tlsrlt
a!nltLtlb til^.lantp..tt tD.taplbrt ttt.,) un a/\\ I
tD.oq.larDtu aq touu,. r1t a.tDlaq,, tt srqtl
q;tnoql,
u,.Lt atq'tLolol
nl o sD .a'plpot4,

sunoualqetunolun/elqelunoJ

a4 t:'
t. aLpu aqr o) t.so.l./o sw . ual strapt, a1oJ,4)au ) ZZ
|Jo.taqrunt qttn)D te
AuauaBul)'a.'
aqt 6[
Quatntotlibuts) D at
ast1.)Lt..l.u4qt1!n)aql lI
dqt 9[
|\t nln-asllt t'.te1lu aralaq)aqt tl
&ua .tli.a.l\ i.,Lt lwaudD') ,[

t't
Iotaua3 oi pasod.lo sw.$.a.Is) aqt. a L
aqt II
G)lnrLDuD lnoqlln
pauatltauts! il qtl .qtto 'auaIlLb s! ..taqU aq1 0l
p.iak{.realpD

Lta st raqi

Lt:
lt}qfi,toss..en)

Y1\''
aql

:lll;;!

meat aithin ane category. e.g 'cooke,l neats'

.tt ice: LhLcountable.Pturclfom
?ieces of.1.bi.e .
u
calMdble.
t'lurclfom
fumiture:
?iecesoffumi

hein!<Iessditpct tlxdn sinq Dolounn1.l tf I

sceneryi: ncoult.l bte No?tu1auom

ncau table Phtral is tbe sdne
fruit: nom.l|t
'f11tit'; accasioti4
r fiai^ L\ used as a ua! oJdcscnb
ina dtJferent kilrls aJfruit {itbin ane cdtegary, e.!l

h) Aking notu aba t nau, blt hting thepan tente

nakes it lnotp de[etential/po]itdtentat i1E
i) Askillg,tou) ahout afeelins nau for dflnute
a.tiotl in tbx *dmple. AAain the spedl.er shou:
nkft .lefeftnce/rcspec1, etc. Jbr the listener
j) Askins nau, aboxn nob, seeLtboLv(r Iar e^ptd na -

Ifdrel: Lutcountahle.'Trarcb'nteansjauD|eys/uan
denngs, eA She tal.l us abaut her traLck in tbe Fal

1 9 . 2E x e r c i s e : ' l Ur a t h e r ' a n d ' i t ! i i m e '

tueatber: un.ountable, no lhtrdl.fam1.

hzeasles:uncauntable, uith singuldr Nlb

'Me6l6 is

matbematix: (ar m.tths) xtn.ount.tble, urith singul.lr

uerb - Aaths n q: bestsubJect.'
lueqaee: (or bagtage) uncaunt.tble. Plur.ll.forn
'tuo
Pieces of lL&galle'

Pastfor Dresentandfuture
( c Bp . l e 3 )
This chepter brings iogether a mixtlrc of.liffcrcnt
points Fith a coftnon Llernc - a of fiern xre
F'l ?..J'r- J .D...,-r.".Lru, e. r'.\ne.\,nn.
connected alth Lhc prcscnt or fic firlure.

19.IExercise
Studentsshould look2L tlic scntcnccsnnd discuss
whethe.the speakd is thinhng about a presentorx
iriure xctior, an.l wlut rhe skngth ol rhe speakeis
,.lrspel.s (CB p. 193)
.1) Tdlhi'tg in the pftsen! dnd s.'li e'ue should g.)
not pdnicularl! sbt1lg.
rery soan in the)qhr"'
D 1'alhing in tlre pksent nd s.t))ine l.ollsida this
actbn urgent, dhnosLlaa l.tLe slt!) gsentinents.
c) Talkilq in the Presnt an.l salirry 'mr pr.lekn.e
, ,h. 1 t a t.,,a aot t,, 'aL ).r - 4 th" tt, !,,
nat Path. uttlrtj stronS.
T.llkitlq in tbe prcsent about thepresent not
sh'ng, sinplr ei\Pressinga unh.
e) Talking in tbepresent about a situati.rr uhich
i t . t . L r p p p. . t t \ t i , r , , . a t h a u g r ' b \ q , a t , r
i-'feeling d bit iletdcbed dbout it, theryJdre not

J)

ftr

'tAlking

in tbe p,esent .tn d Eiring .t.bice dbo11t

s ane's.futurc action
oLparLicularl! strong.
Ashing nou abo t a Passible|utute action, an.l

The focus is on two const .tions fr)m Lhcprctious

exercise,l d railief and'it's Llmc'.(Thc rcvicw illus
trxtesconstructios tfur cr! be usedNirh rhese
phrxs.s. ncludnrg somc $,hich xre not in dle pasr
rl' r',hi'
h"
J. ori\'
n complereprcture,.l
I wouldmdrei means lvo d prefer'.The'wolrld'
ncvcrchrnges, and ihe expressiondoes not have e
pastorluture lbnn.'I'cl sooncr'volks in Lhcs.rmc
say and hlrs a slmilar mcaniig, but is less com on.
Ask studentsto look at the folrcxamplc scntcnccs
illusmling dre rlsesofthis expressbn (2sk LhcniLo
s
'r'r'N
lo-.p-r, , il)
|n'!i
blc mcanings).Notice thar ir is only when anodref
rlcld. rPni,.
1.oni',,oJ.ed
P

Do the s.mc with fts drne: again.ii is only rhe use of

a noun/pronoun xficr ftc c-\pressior fiar nnkes fte
vefb becomea past'.
/bMefs (CB p.193)
l t d rathertake tbe blue ane
Dbat tbe!
2 It s high time the gamlnent.li.l
3 I .l rather be/she bddn'r accePre.lthe iob. or I .l
ratber he/she .li.l D't uotk ii| the same .ompdny
1 ltl r.nber be tdsll LPut in kennek. or I .J rcther
0e Lkbnn aitb us.
- t ' . o b u t , t a 1 1 . ,u - . t d , , J ' . t
pt,t, r

Word order1cep.tr+;
As a tc.chcr. -vouwill know Nhat, il anr.,word oder
. .rJl,n. .\, .,_ {1,e, _ hFi|ni t'..1- " .
t.k.s arc bascdor rn unsound knosledge ol EDglish
l'. -. e
,. e r.1o,rp rFr;
t. rrn. ..d
Thc 2im of rhis chaprer is to review some of dre

160

'suortJrut$JoJ
f,uB aqr nlNn sa)uatuJs u^\o n.qr .r!& or Pux \:lr
rtrrrq u suolrdDsap aF?snrqr or uoDu.nE r?tnru?d
8u/ed 's.tdul?x. ,qr r. {oot or pa)sr 3rx sru.pnrs
'Jjj- .rtue r'
. , l J u r r - us - p J . r ' { p n L
ruor rroul.r! 9 pu' 't 't saJuaruasq u.{\orlssuoir
trnr$uor aqltnq'qslSug u.nrapuE urlods qroq tn
prs'l aq ptnod qJq^r suolr.nrrsuordoqs gpuxz I
s.trU.tuas p.urrul?ur lou si ur.ntd rralqo qra,!-lJrl
qns lnuou .ql )r)rJA $oDRnrIs auos ararsnlll tsn
raxe snl] Io SurmSaq aqlrE seJuaru.satdutx..qJ

eslrJaxS
z 0z
(uoll
-saL* pailput) auoB stq aq aiaqm Dap! ou aarq t Oa
L1oq , puD.moH,Et uau
-oultpr. uD rarJDuolsantlt) is! aq auosPuoq maH 6t
'[a4 aqj raqtDl
rtaq! aaD8l,ae',I raqipPlaqt ar ,tiE aq! anDE^bql at
tt a.ua&as aa, La11.11b
aqrtD 000 tTrahqgnoq sD asttnasalllq) o! aql lI
Gun''1
ata[aq lnq'saru.aho ]a{a saao q3 oua,) rD'ins
alou [utt ppD r,uop 'qBnaua pans s1a4tD aql 9[
i .' slDpo.' ou r.,.'-at'.,4 I. 'tu u/t"q rqt ,o
uoulsa4id aq intl oi atq9rda,D uaaq an0q pflarl
1! oBDsloatt Duas) /uu! atuor aq saapdaun ' I
(,q.ns. s-no a/,o.) 1!ctsl
u{ntxo [paqou ptql N]itttatq ;,i!q, Fns stn n , T
tqaptu os 4tta.ls ot tau utq pa4sv t 'I
(u a.ualuas?as Llous.nb Pat
-un1,.a&Dq
ou4,LMoo Z I
ut
sa
raqaa
aqlnaq
, . L o t ! . t u tt D tl u p D
raflDq2 aa, paro. sr aualuas sql I I
L d d aP D a r q D
ot I PDnq' 3u'{ot A I

arln8au rEl

(I a.uava\ aas) ,tryab'

pDaqslq paqttl aH pqaq stqpaslDrfimoF all
(uous&b
tt tuou D tualt&aaItrp sJrapo pron os ut)usanb
!rd!pL4) pstat.l \^t.u!4 aqt rDqmaa at natt ur) a
t
GIl1h, sao al.D,) nDpuu'.npaunbemr
(qan u1"tu aralDq s.laaPD
t uanbal) jloq atuDsaqt l]t s,lqs s,bqp aH 9
(zauat
u^aas) aynq aturs aq! ui Sut.t!! t$ aro [aW t
aas'Lrrt.a.Ila pua aqt ra 3 !uu!8aq
aqr rD hql la a3 pjnaqs s'prott atu! 1) 1LP12^a,[pua
-11r.ary aj luao1| Dtuau!2?q|011u.mI toq-tatsa ,
asllwa!.Iryalou uo4
ar'.q,n ,nato '.31' .z!s - raprc u, ma oJ|aq1
'a,'q asD. aqt s! v 'eu'a!,po pof auo ur.( .tou
st alaqr atacrtn ?uD erlrratpb l.olanIaq ai sanu
DtP9 uo!L!!da)4eq f,lln.'puatq '8ualp,q aqs
(atn!.wls
qa) ulltu DJb upd N{aLltratlo oBpLt14slql
.l:bsqt^apa.) ttU palsz'tins anaq ranal1nnan )qS Z
o.atqo sr putl qdl a uaanuaqait 'JD
nsn pu saop ryDnpDuD) q. w tQaaaalJb aIr t I
(16r d {J) srodfuv
'I r:ldrql rtlmltrg
ur asr).rrF trror/( s:rEruN3ql ul p.sls snlloo
aql eshar llqr 's.s'. duEurul Dirro) sr ruo'rrDro
pro^\ ur s)I'rrsiur aorts ssruarurs .r! Jo ua.raurN

aslrJaxll0z
tldo., puc tut plnorJs stuaP
nls iJurqFurosrou sr rr rnq :_Eqs'\ r.JF r?t{{ ras o1
Suns.Ftur sr rl sp]o,\\ Io rtpro pardatrtrEiqt Sul8ueql
,{l.tpr.q|ap sa to Lr$sn ._puoqJu?ltQ roqrni
rqr r?$ .I&s aLLLOlz'd sttosatrou.upaaLrn'q)
rxar aLtl r? Iool or atlt osl? d"u slapnrs
's.ru.ruas aqr ur i.pro proa eqr rnoqr Suor^\ $ r'?qa
4IU.pr or sNapnF .qr 8uqs" LL,salru,Inj.sn NoLu

t."i.*i"".- l

6 A Contmry (srructurc)

Frow fo facKrerne quesuons

( c Bp . 1 9 6 )
This se.tion deals(ith each offie live papcN in thc
C2mbridaePrcficien.l, examinaiion:
Pxper 1: Rendhg Cotnprchcnsbn
Pxper 2: Composiiiorl
PaF 3: Use ot English
Papel,i: ristennrgComprehension
Papd 5: Inrcricn_
lr gjvesa b.e*do\!n of wlut cach papcf is. whet is
testedin erch queslionand hiffs on how to epproxch
exch pafi so thxl candidaresgivc rhemcli cs thc bcst

t:

B like minded (collocxdon)

c unish (collocation)
A camee.ross (ve$ combination)
D.onsisrent (.letemined by preposition $irh')
B capxcjty(vocabulary)

!aC shebby(\.o.xbulary)

(couocaiion)
i; B have
gesLurc(.olLocation)

1:AD t2kc on (verb .omLrhatbn)

t: C.omes (collocarion)

(vocabulary)
i; A comprised
(krcablrlary)
D tus

,; c con.eded (collocaiion)
2 I c bcar (collo.atiod
22 B short (coll.,.adon)
23 c In vies (determined by preposi[on ol')
24
2i A rmhc (collocedoii)

'lr'",

(e
-'ri,p.,b .l 5,.,
" tr,"r J
plpcr, ivhcn rhc stLrdcntshave seenand/ortried a
Proli.iency resr.Ar dur sr,rigcLhcywill heve some
unde.sBndi g ()1wlur dle .'llmiDaLion is about. Tlic
sludenlscan look xI ft nxLjviduall_rr,
of L()gethe.wiih

Thcrc ls no tufiher nrfornaiion ro addio the section

drai is not elrc.dy in the CB

Testpapers(cBp.206)
PaperI Reading
comprehension

Section B
Firstpassage(CB p.208)
frcn|' A'Ihlent ta Decetueby ltobert Barrurd
,1rsl?,,r(Cts p.209)
26 C (anss,cr is co rine(L in dre le$ th! ce lincs of the
fi.st p.ragnph)
27 B artuwcr is conLanlc.l in thc first th.cc Lincs or
the secoDd p.rngreph, and r}re fi|s| lhrcc hlcs of
the rhird pa.agnph)
28 B (they in fie pa.agnph reiersro rhe xtiackers,
or criics, lburd on the firsi line of the second
29 A (xr*vcr is conteiDc.l iu fic la$ scnlcncc of the
thid p2mgraph)
30 C(ansRer is in llne three ofthe last paiag.aph)

SectionA

SecondpasageaCBp.210)

(In thc answrrs,rcfercn.e is given in br!.ken io whrt

ls bclng Lcstcd.'Coll()cxtion'isused to mexn a grouping of worc1sdret nonnxlly go rogedler.)
.1rflrers (CA p 206)
I B way (preposiri.,n idio r, or colloc.Lrcn)
2 D on (neans '\!lien slie lieard .. )
3 D at (Feposirion ldion, or collocation)
.i B bound Gcncrrl vocabulxry)
5 c '!mlrling (geienl vocrbulxry)

liom ,edf,tIe by Peter lrslinov

,.lrrrle/s (Ctsp.2l l)
31 D('C is nol corcctilhc struclu.c ofLhc pcnufti
mxte sentencein the firt pamg.aph meansthet
itnas not x questlonof.ecognition or lack of
rccognitidl, norc a qlestion of him singing
thlngs 'vc.! nuch his own)
32 D (aDswcris contxined in dre secondand rhlrd
lincs of thc fn'sl paragmph)

fu"

fl! -

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errsuoruiPor sl'xlput
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L-l

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or ruaurrfipnlroJ
rioitsoor
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tu5^rrd NELrtq?ro^
Jo ss3uojjriu PUEs:rol[

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rrqrr.u Ea.'r rrdol

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e ()1prriuil
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at-8

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"
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L1u:r,l 'l

Paper3 Useof English

Question3

Section A

Anwets (CB p.2t6)

a) The new film is awful. ft s oot $,or1hsccing.
b) I'm fe.l up witli nin everr d.y I wish thc $ul
would shhc for r .h2nse.
In tluee weeks tnne rhe sp.lcecrpsule will have

QuestionI
,t6aea

(CB p 215)

\ nJ, Jour I'.' L.1i

b.ul

a . { $ F-(

1, -

r )

dtnk you should/oughLto AeL/haleit seento?

The.e'snodring I enjoy more drn! lying ni the

5 bi h, r.riva.l,rppc2rence

5 hc w1's.ldving along, a dog dashedout h ftont

ol his cel; fo||unatcly he mamged/was rble r.)

.' l.r n ea f.1-.n l,.l

!' .l , - rr
J
otheNise he'd have replied b.'forc no$,. o/lohn
'an L,erF.F.F' ,,, in.i i"n i r\ie

11 which
12 lcasr

Question4
t5 for

Question2

Ansuien l.aB p.277)

i | . . I l r h P q u e .o - o r \ o r o r v r r , {
! L
b) I could har.llv hear e s-ord she said.
c) Your problcm bcarsro rel2tlonto mine.
d) Alter he losr his job, hc rcsorrcdto stealingas ihe
oily way hc coukl suppot hls femily.
e) He tolcl l]s s {'ere under no oblgrlion b buy
rny ot his produ.ts.
D The lexflerexplainshow thc ncw tax appliesto

1t/l.r!re,'r (Cts p.215)

a) Not until hc \axiked into the room did he sec Lhc

g) 'lhere $,xs nc,opposirionIo thc prcposah.

h) YoLrhxve to make provision lor dle nunbrf of

17 Like
t9 conformiN, codoininll
20 wholc

b) It's high rimeEe Leli,orhcNiscre non'r.xtcl

the heginning oflhe 1ilm.
c) Despitebeing hrppily maricd. she feelsbored

SectionB
l)F.r, rc I e l;, rhJr.l' r,l .pj ilr | | i.d . e
_"e
r.Inr .. \F-i, ., J ,
., q tte.l o I be u'L
Hxd it not been foryourhelp,I

wouldncvd

h.!e

Had you not helped-I trould...

T ' l,r'lee, Jnq rln u r plu-r".
rc ovcr Lhclest six monrhs.
g) I l . q
e
r,r{rJ),q.
-rl .,rh
l he $,$L\er is unusually a?m for the iime of
h) You xre the pe$on I like (dre) besi.

Questions
trc'n Ant anlt the Fussidns by Colin Thubfon
Ansuerc (.CBp.219)
n) Bccnuscil was sccn as the threai, the eremy, in
rhe sllnteway dul Gcrnany h.d been seenes rhe
enemlby his parenls.And also bccauscit scems
$r big on the clas ootn.rap.
b) tsecauscof thc way the map a?s m.de.
. \ | n , F n \ I , F , ! ' , i r , J : n , , i . i , l l ts
r1,"."
countriesw.rc likc.
.l) lle hrda'l rcall-vLholght deeply xbout dre queslions. IIc $,assimplytulLof cudosity.

No matter how mu.h she errncd, shc $-o!ld still

l) \ovcls oftcn givc a picture ofeveryday lita, the
Mv Lc2chc.'sre.ommendrrjon was tlnt I shoul.l
rnte to all dre s.hools

tlp

g) Becxuseihey seem clcss,utrca].

|-'l.

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'lentr srarrssn{.i.a ll ol
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put su.lurD '.uoP 8ul[.ae] sr\\ eLlasnD.tr (t
4lltnpi^llnrt
sq SuLsot'tubLldnorijlo trPI aqr:{Ixn' plD aq
rnq'u!qrn rslrapt utrrnd arl ol palrrddt ?'ssru 0l
.unl .ur?s iql rt, suPrlu lI (r
'pB_snll'sr
aqr ol sFJa' n (r
,{ur)u.
rrql
'ItnPL!lpul rqr
uo loLJ'dnol8 .qr uo pasrq sr ira'ros ut6_sn)InxII (Ll

nle firsr pxss:rge is an .'xtract from a booklet about

A J n n F s rrt' r ' I r ^ n a " n d , . J m . . , l i n k sr o r h Lhemeof aggession in that the organlsaLi{rnfights
injustice, and inhuran trearment of prisoners - in
other words stxndi4 up against unfair aggression.
Could relate to photograph of men on tank or even to

Thc third passage is an odEct from a novel, and it

des.ribes a fight between two men. one maq
Meana, successtully taclles lhe o],\er aod brings him
lo ! BrurlJ.I r'ri-'fi,! nu.dGo\e -roir b
obvlously some so.t of organised ffght like boxing or
wresding. (lid<s to tlr photo of boxers, and raises
the question of aggessive sporls.)

The secoDd passage is ftom a poem by Rupen

d o o . . , \ h L l i ' d i n r l , c p i A\ro r . d $ J r . l r i , d r ,
fioushts of an EnSlisli soldier ai wrr. considerin,,
de3th. Hc seys that if he dies, dlen his body wili reF
' e c . n . r b I u r I n F i n d I L i e d u ^ l o r ri j r h n d . l l
"
could rclare to lhe pi.lure of the soldiers on thc r2.t
every soldier musr thiit abolt tlie agljression
involved in fighiing and his possible death.

Tasks

fai-aa:::,:'i".::.ll

Choose one of the tasks for the candldate(s). Ifyou

choosc c'ithcr of the .lisossion tasks, you could ask
fic'm ro disclrss the statements without looking at n\e
suggested prompts in LtEn books, but be prepared to
'hror u^
itr , Jis.assoanadry
" o m F" " q g e < . i o r .

l-'.:-'.,r'::::-,,:::
trr d (^p) soslour0now
lrtd(^p)-BuproH
z d(,\p)-s.{s
puPH
8E|d (^p) - suorr.'?
Etd (^p) - sru.uo^ou Ipog
1rr d (^p) Suqpa\
!0r cl (^p) SurtJnlnulu'of,
't6
t9t cl d (|rlt) - s.rpos
9rI Q^) - .fl.{ll[rrc
19d (^r) - .Ido.d
8! d CN) roop rf3u {FrP-c

(erlslqd) a1doe6
tgr d (^r) solrrEar put s8ule.i
otr d (tr^) sdqsuopq.r p4tdul
tnd(,\:1)-r)pnlard
9r'd (nl) - sdrqsuolrElat
61td(c)-tui,ftna
E rd(S) 3uBn"'ros
6zr d (1) - s.nSolouou o&r
lzt d (1) suoursr.dns
Stt d (O - sloodrqr SurwitN
g d (rN\)- r$nu ? Jo .II al]r u! I(I

trd(D sanF^.^uI.u
g d (u) - aro ro +er
(rnor^eqaq)aldoad

6rr d (^s)- srullpDrqladrdsaN

'60I d (^r) Prpat',t
rr|d (r^)
80r d ('r) sls"rporq saaN
96d0N spua! F4qr"ls

lPaui/sn^eN

'8r'd (r^) '91d (^, riods

t8 d (u/4)
Slr d (s) - rEao,{ pooj .qt
6tr d (S)- slu.lutiuPrE pur suEld
16 d (ld) rod RSutnew
ts d (ldJ xatduor slods uo s.)rp..ds
zl d (,!\) - uodsJo ato{
95aJSlUl/aJns!al
'!zI d (a) - r.Pro
Pu?aDl
9zr d Q^)
g d (^r) ' .ru,Ior^ pu' srq3rd
t rd (u) .ruetob qrN fi5qqo{
JaPJo Pue /v\el
'9Ed (^r) 1< d (tr^)
aI".r-I
grr d (t) untrr,! SCIY
! d (r\) - rsnru EJo afl :qr ur I"o

qlleoH
1iI d (u/I) uollglaS.A
8z|d (r^) - pilo{ I"mN
771d 1o1 senssrpu:mofuus
1zt d'Or'd (u/4) slEuroy
Z8 d (^r) pFo-s l"rnlzu/tEuluY
9tr d (s) - rlurEj 3rll ur a"ap Y
6/ d (d) - quE oqrjo uoq"roldxE

luauuoJr^ul
t9l-d O^) lgolouqDJ
9r d (!rl sEaqmq8Iq pu! errltuu
tZId(r^)-ssruFns
z9r'd (s) - Squoqdrl.l
d o). q4srodtJuap:rJ
jt

gold(u4)-D]EA
I8 d (^p) arunqS[
rtd(^p)_spFbr
'6t d (nr) raqr?.^VaJnrrN
01d (ru/r)
89 d ({\) spoou s.auoPu" r.IlrP.a aqr
1tdQD Duuns rolr

sNauralalernlEN
8tt d (tu/I) Pood
'IgI d (tr
1Et d (,u)
) Pood
t6 d Q^) sli? aq],

ssoursnS
c.lrJ, .r\.rdL \.,t- \l
u8tnqmt
rEDrds ^s io"dPrrlu rorpr u
'{onffXl|ln,
qrJ \ \\:trPl oP'o\ 'rdor.\l

'uonrrsr?r!ut"rtF9 :uorras Suqtads-s :uonras

8q1larstl-I :uoI!]es SqrglN=rN:uollJts Stlptqi=U

'9

ruE^atrt a'ql8utLogs',h a!4to.td

sl rrll r4 I4EIfl
o?sq?rd r{ -sldot m saulrqr iohtu auos ai" aot.g

Ptaces

.
:'

Iondor!' (Dp.24
Ideal house- (vD p.&
rflier home ftom Viernam (L)p.108
Threecountries- (L) p. 121
Homesand homeless- (lv) p.65

Work/study

Domstic (i/m) p.153

Society'
ipeecheson sportscomple. - (w) p.d:
Itter of complaint (s, p.t
Statisticaltieods (\v) p.96
AIDSvictjm (l) p.115
Drugswomen - (L) p.124
Fightsafld violence (tv) p.5
war (vc) p.6
British life and insntulions- (sv) p.40
social problem (vc) p.86
rife ifl tlle 90's- (tv) p.89
Personalmoney- (tv) p.119

'

Unemploynent (R) p.33

taming a language (R) p.39
YesMinister (R) p.43
Day in the life of a nurse- (!0) p.53
'
FrederickForslah- (L) p.127
Pessimismand en@umgemmt (S)p,159
Educatio. - (vc) p.17
Jobsand work - (tv) p.35,(vc) p.36
Polirics- (rv) p.44, (vc) p.45