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Communication Systems

Instructor:

Dr. Muhammad Arif

arif@mcs.edu.pk

Lecture 7-8
Date 14 March 2016

The University of Lahore


Islamabad Campus
Communication Systems

Overview
Chapter 4.1-4.2, Basics of amplitude modulation

Baseband vs Carrier Modulation


Why Modulation
Double Side Band Carrier Suppressed Modulation (BSD-SC)
Types of Modulators
Multiplier Modulator
Linear Modulator
Switching Modulator
Ring Modulator
Frequency Convertor
Demodulation of DSB-SC Signals
2

Baseband and Carrier


Communication

Baseband:

Describes signals and systems whose range of frequencies is measured


from 0 to a maximum bandwidth or highest signal frequency
Voice: Telephone 0-3.5KHz; CD 0-22.05KHz
Video: Analog TV 4.5MHz, TV channel is 0-6MHz. Digital, depending
on the size, movement, frames per second,
Example: wire, coaxial cable, optical fiber, PCM phone

Carrier Communication:

Carrier: a waveform (usually sinusoidal) that is modulated to


represent the information to be transmitted. This carrier wave is usually
of much higher frequency than the modulating (baseband) signal.
Modulation: is the process of varying a carrier signal in order to use
that signal to convey information.

Modulation

Communication

Modulation

Modulation

Gain advantages

Antenna size: half of the antenna size. Thousands of miles for


baseband
Better usage of limited bandwidth: less side lopes
Trade bandwidth for SNR: CDMA
Robust to inter-symbol-interference (multipath delay)
Robust to errors and distortions

Types

A process that causes a shift in the range of frequencies of a signal.

Analog: AM (DSB, SSB, VSB), FM, Delta modulation


Digital: ASK, FSK, PSK, QAM,
Pulse modulation: PCM, PDM, Fiber, phone

Advanced: CDMA (3G), OFDM (WLAN, WMAN), .

AM-DSB-SC

cos(ct )

m(t )

Example 4.1

( t )

m(t )

( t )

F{cos( ct )}

M ( )
cos( c t )

( )
Lower sideband (LSB)

Upper sideband (USB)

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