§ sere ses none @&) restcone02107010 FORMTP2009146 MAYJUNE2009 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION BIOLOGY - UNIT 1 Paper 01 90 minutes 09 JUNE 2009 (a. READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. 1, Thistest consists of 45 items. You will have 90 minutes to answer them, 2. Inaddition to this test booklet, youshould have an answer sheet. 3. _Eachitemin this test has foursuggested answers lettered (A),(B),(C), (D). Read each item youare about to answer and decide which choice is best. 4, Onyouranswer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below. Sampleltem Which of the following metal atomsis present inahaemoglobin molecule? Sample Answer (A) Caleium (B) Magnesium ®®@0O® (©) Copper (D) ron ‘The best answer to this item is “Iron”, so answer space (D) has been shaded. 5. If youwanttochange your answer, erase it completely before you fill in your new choice. 6 Whenyouaretoldto begin, turn the page and work as quickly and as carefullyas youcan. If youcannotansweran item, omititand goontothenextone. Yourscore will bethe total number of correct answers. 7. Youmaydoany rough workin this booklet. 8 Figuresarenot necessarily drawn to scale. 9. Theuse ofnon-programmablecalculatorsisallowed, DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Copyright©2009 Caribbean Examinations Council llrightsreserved, (02107010/CAPE 2009 ¥ avrixseatnere + $ awmwvassuay ¢Sucrose makes a good transport molecule as, seen in phloem tissue, because it isa (A) disaccharide made up of two glucose molecules (B) disaccharide made up of glucose and galactose (© very reactive molecule chemically and therefore combines easily with water (D) very soluble molecule and can therefore be moved efficiently in high concentrations Item 2 refers to the structures below which show two isomers of glucose, I 0 CH,OH ror H H H OH wal, Kava ou {oH ou {H HOH iH Ou Which of the following statements is NOT true about both isomers? (A) Bothhaveside groupsattached to the first carbon in identical positions. (B) Both are hexose sugars with the same chemical formula. (© Both form polysaccharides but which differ in their properties. (D) Both are soluble in water and can exist in an open chain form. 02107010/CAPE2009 An important property of cellulose isits ability ry (A) readily go into solution (B) act as fuel store in plants (C) readily combine with a glucose (D) _ formstructural components in plants ‘The arrangement of the polypeptide strands incollagen is BEST described as (A) attiple helix (B) — ano-hel (C) _— adoublehelix (D) —aB-helix GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGEItem 5 refers to tests performed by students to identify food substances present in a solution. The tests were carried out and their respective results are shown in the table below. Test Result Biuret test Purple colour was obtained. Benedict’s test Blue colour remained on heating. Dilute hydrochloric acid was added and the | Blue colour became brick-red on mixture was boiled, allowed to cool, neutralized | heating and Benedict's test was carried out. 5. Which ofthe following indicates the food substance(s) present in the students’ solution? (A)__Lipid, protein (B) _Non-reducing sugaronly (©) Reducing and non-reducing sugars (D) _ Non-reducing sugar and protein, 6. The following isa diagrammatical representation of a phospholipid molecule. What do X, Y and Z, represent? Zz x y [x7 ¥y 7 zy] (A) Glycerol Phosphate Fatty acid (B) | Fatty acid Glycerol Phosphate © | Fatty acid Phosphate Glycerol ©) Phosphate Giycerot Fatty acid 7. Inthe chloroplast, light energy is trapped in the (A) stroma (B) thylakoids (C) envelope (D) starch grain GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02107010/CAPE2009-4- 8. Which organelle is involved in cytokinesis in plant cells? (A) Golgiapparatus (B) Endoplasmic reticulum (C)— Centriole (D) Chloroplast Item 9 refers to the diagram below which shows a transverse section of a plant 11. structure, C x Q 9. Thearea labelled X represents (A) acell (B) atissue (©) anorgan (D) system 10, Materials are moved in and out of cells by 12. various mechanisms. Which of the following mechanisms are affected by respiration? i 0. . Iv. (A) @) © ©) Facilitated diffusion Osmosis Active transport Exocytosis Land IILonly Mand IV only I, [land IV only IL, Wand 1V only MIOININICAPROONO Item 11 refers to the diagram below. X External surface Internal surface ‘The structure labelled X is (A) channel protein (B) cholesterol (©) extrinsic protein (D) glycoprotein Item 12 refers to the following diagram. Polar amino acid 7 O= Polar amino acid Which of the following bonds is represented by the broken lines (—-) inthe diagram above? (A) Tonic (B) Double (©) Peptide (D) Hydrogen GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGEItem_13 refers to the graph below showing the effect of pH on the activity of enzymes. re 0 Ww 1 Rate of reaction oi23 45678 910 pH 13. Chymotrypsin is an enzyme that is found in the human alimentary canal. Its active over narrow range of alkaline pH values. Which of the activity curves represent the activity ofchymotrypsin? (A) Tand only 14, (B) Land IV only (©) Mand Ilony (D) Mand TV only 02107010/CAPE2009 Item 14 refers to the diagram below which shows the effect of increasing substrate concentration on the rate of an enzyme- catalysed reaction. Reaction rate 1 uw Vv. ‘Substrate concentration Which of the labelled curves BEST represents the presence of a competitive inhibitor? @ 1 @ © m Oo Ww GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGE15, 16. -6- Item 15 refers to the diagram below which shows the structure of a triglyceride. Which of the following is represented by the label X? (A) Carbon (B) Nitrogen (©) Oxygen (D) Sulphur refers to the diagram below showing 1a segment of a strand of DNA. Hydrogen: bonds The base X is (A) extosine (8) gumine © wail (D) adenine 02107010/CAPE2009 17. 18. 19. 20. What type of bonds are used to link nucleotides together to form a polynucleotide? (A) Peptide (B) — Glycosidic (©) Hydrogen (D) _Phosphodiester ‘Why is the copied portion of the DNA longer than that of the functional mRNA molecule produced from it? (A) The DNA portion contains many genes. (B) The DNA portion contains a promoter region. (C) Only exon portions are included in the mRNA. (D) Only intron portions are included in the mRNA. Structures that may be observed in animal cells during mitosis but are NOT seen during cell division in lowering plants are (A) centrioles (B) chromatids (©) centromeres (D) spindle fibres Inaratcell, there are 32 chromatids present at the beginning of Prophase of mitosis. ‘How many chromatids would there be in the cell at the beginning of meiosis? @ 6 @ 3B © 2 ©) 6 GO ON TO THENEXT PAGE21. 22. 23, Item 21 refers to the information below, Mendel crossed pure-breeding round and yellow peas with pure-breeding wrinkled and green peas. The F, seeds were round and yellow. The F, seeds were self-pollinated and the seeds of the F, showed the following characteristics: 355 round and yellow 123 wrinkled and yellow 126 round and green 34 wrinkled and green A major conclusion that can be made from this data is that the (A) alleles forround and yellow peas are dominant (B) alleles for wrinkled and green peas are dominant (© genes for pea colour and shape are epistatic, (D) genes for pea colour and shape are linked The mRNA molecule transcribed from the DNA does NOT contain (A) adenine ®B) cytosine (© guanine ©) thymine Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between RNA and DNA? (A) RNAis double strand, while DNA is, single strand. (B) RNA has uracil as one of its organic bases, while DNA does not. (©) DNA has five different nitrogenous bases, while RNA has four. (D)__RNAis found only in the cytoplasm, while DNA is found only in the nucleus. 02107010/CAPE2009 24, 25. 26. ‘Two parents, both of blood group B, have a son with blood group O. The probability that their next child will have blood group B is (A) 025 (B) 0375 (©) 050 (D) 0.75 Which of the following may be used as methods of gene transfer? 1 Vis Plasmid II Electroporation IV. DNAgun (A) and Ionly (B) 1, Mand only (©) I.Iland IV only (D) 1,1, Mand 1V Item 26 refers to the diagram below which illustrates a form of gene mutation. ABCDEFG cD Which form of gene mutation does the diagram illustrate? (A) Deletion (B) Inversion (C) Insertion (D) Duplication GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE27. 28. 29. 30. After which of the following forms of gene ‘mutation will a change in codons occur? 1. Substitution T. Inversion TM. Addition IV. Deletion (A) and Itt only (B) MandIV only (©) L.land I only (D) Land IV only Giraffes are thought to have evolved long necks due to a short supply of food. Selection pressure favoured those with long necks who were able to reach enough food to survive. This type of selection is known as (A) stabilising (B) disruptive (©) directional (D) artificial A possible benefit of producing transgenic plantsis (A) determination of human genome (B) ‘improved human nutrition (© increased use of pesticides (D) _ production of clones Which of the following plays the MOST significant role in allopatric speciation?” (A) Behavioural isolation (B) Temporal speciation (©) Ecological isolation (D) Geographical isolation 02107010/CAPE2009 3. 32. 33, Which of the following provides nourish- ment for the sperm-producing cells in the testes? (A) Seminiferous tubule (B) —Sertolicell (©) Interstitial cell (D) Connective tissue Which of the following is NOT a part of the anther? (A) Pollen grain (B) —Stomium © — Funicle (D) — Tapetum What is the function of testosterone in spermatogenesis? (A) Inhibits the activity of the Leydig cells (B) Inhibits the activity of the Sertoli cells. (©) Results in the growth and development of spermatogonia to form sperm (D) Results in the incteased production of follicle stimulating hormone GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,34. 35. 36. Item 34 refers to the diagram below which shows the development of the embryo sac and female gamete in a dicotyledenous plant. 29) sos moter et a HN ®-+ 6-6 mature embryo sac A diploid nucleus is formed at 1 ®) 2 © 3 @) 4 item 35 refers to the diagram below which shows the transverse section of an anther, Which structure is responsible for the release of pollen grains? (A) I @ wu © m @) wv Which of the following structures of the seed is derived from a triploid nucleus? (A) Testa (B) —_Endosperm (©) Cotyledon (D) Embryo GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02107010/CAPE2009=10- Item 37 refers to the diagram below which shows a longitudinal section of the ovule of a flower. 37. Therole of X is to (A) fuse with a male nucleus to form the embryo (B) fuse with a mate nucleus to form the cotyledon (C) fuse with a male nucleus to form the endosperm (D)__supportthe position of the ovum and disintegrate after fertilization Item 38 refers to the diagram below which shows ovarian follicles in various stages of development. 38. Which option describes the correct order of development? (A) 1-1-m-1v (8) U-mM-1-1V (© M-t-n1-1v (D) M-1-IV-0 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02107010/CAPE 2009.7 athe ‘tem 39 refers to the diagram below showing a transverse section through the middle piece of the sperm. 39. Thestructure labelled His (A) aflagelium (B) —_anacrosome (© amicrotubule (D) _amitochondrion 42. 40. Which of the following hormones triggers the release of the ovum from the ovary? (A) Liteinising hormone (B) Oestrogen (©) Progesterone (D) Follicle stimulating hormone 41, Which of the following is the effect of high dose progesterone-only pills? 43. (A) Lysis of sperm (B) Build-up of the endometrium (C) Thinning of the cervical mucus (D) Complete inhibition of follicular developmentand ovulation 02107010/CAPE2009 Item 42 refers to the diagram below which represents a human embryo developing in the uterus. rs * ‘The structure labelled X is the (A) fluid filled sac which protects the embryo from mechanical shock (B) site where the female gametes undergo meiosis during maturation (©) site of exchange of materials between the mother and the foetus (D) structure that stores yolk for the developing foetus The following are advantages of two types of pollination. 1. Noneed for another plant TI Increases vigour TI. Widens gene pool TV. Advantageous phenotypes retained Which of the above are specific to cross pollination? (A) Tand Honly (B) Land IV only (©) Mand If only (D) LI, Wand IV GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE-12- Item44 refers to the simplified diagram below 45. of a recently implanted blastocyst in the endometrium of the uterus, © Wall of uterus 44. The structure labelled X is MOST likely the (A) yolk sac (B) trophoblast (C)__blastocoel (D) embryonic dise Which of the followingis the outermost extra- embryonic membrane and contributes to the formation of the placenta? (A) Allantois (8) Armnion (© Chorion (D) Yolk sac IF YOUFINISH BEFORE TIMEIS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ONTHIS TEST. 02107010/CAPE2009—¢ pp | — &