12 cranial

nerves

Brian Ramirez
2nd period

Olfactory nerve
The olfactory nerve is the shortest cranial nerve and
is the nerve which transmitsspecial
sensoryinformation
it is one of two nerves that do not join with
thebrainstem,the other being the optic nerve.
it also give rise to the glial cells which support the
nerve.
The olfactory nerve is alsocapable of regeneration.

Optic nerve
The optic nerve connects the eye to the brain.
The optic nerve carries the impulses formed by
the retina, the nerve layer that lines the back of
the eye and senses light and creates impulses.
These impulses pass through the optic nerve to
the brain, which interprets them as images. It can
be viewed as the only visible part of the brain

Oculomotor nerve
Thisnerveis responsible for eyeball and
eyelid movement.
Thisnerve follows the olfactory and
opticnerves.

trochlear

trigeminal
Thetrigeminal nerveis the fifth
cranialnervelocated within the brain and is
responsible for transmitting sensations from
the face to the brain
It is composed of three branches; the
ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular.

Abducen nerve

facial
The facialnerveis the seventhcranial nerve
It emerges from the brainstem between the
pons and the medulla, controls the muscles of
facial expression.

Vestibulocochlear nerve
Vestibulocochlear nerve,also calledAuditory Nerve
serves the organs of ofhearing.
It consists of two anatomically and functionally
distinct parts thecochlear nerve, distributed to the
hearingorgan, and thevestibular nerve.
The cochlear nerve fibers inner and outer hair cells of
the organ of Corti and begin in groups of nerve cells

glossopharyngeal nerve
The glossopharyngeal nerve originates in
themedullaoblongataof the brain
It emerges from the anterior aspect of the
medulla, moving laterally in the posterior
cranial fossa.

Vagus nerve
Thevagus nerveis the longest cranial nerve.
It contains motor and sensory fibers and,
because it passes through the neck and
thorax to the abdomen, has the widest
distribution in the body.
Also known ascranial nerve 10 ,the vagus
forms part of the involuntary nervous system
and commands unconscious body procedures,

Accessory nerve
Theaccessory nerveis a cranialnervethat controls
certain neck muscles.
It is coiled in appearance. It is divided into spinal
and cranial parts, but its cranial part is often
disregarded.
The spinalaccessory nerveprovides the
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius neck muscles
with motor function.

Hypoglossal nerve
The hypoglossal nerveis the twelfth cranial
nerve and controls movement of the tongue.
The path of the nerve starts in the
hypoglossal nucleusof the brainstem, and
then travels between the carotid artery and
jugular vein to end up under the tongue.