Running head: GMOS POSINING LAND, ANIMALS AND HUMANS

GMOs poisoning land, animals, and humans

Krystal Hurr
Ottawa University

GMOS POSINING LAND, ANIMALS AND HUMANS

Abstract
This bibliographic essay will discuss evidence, research, and science behind Genetically Modified
Organisms, also known as GMOs. This paper will discuss GMOs and its negative effects it could
possibly have on the environment, animals, and humans. These sources were researched and
collected in order to answer the research question, How can labeling products help prevent the
diseases caused by GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms) in foods? most of these sources,
gathered in this essay are appropriate for anyone who desires to research that stands with the idea
that GMOs are harmful to the environment, animals, humans and could be the cause behind
certain diseases. This essay is sectioned into three parts; What are Genetically Modified
Organisms?, What affects do GMOs have on food, organisms, animals, and humans?, Why we
should label GMOs? These three sections help organize the topic of this essay. Each section
discusses the topic in GMOs along with multiple reliable sources. Every source is summarized
and evaluated into brief paragraphs. Granting all this that has been stated some sources could
possibly have information on more than just the one appointed section. Some of these sources
could be seen to fit into the other sections. I will mention if this occurs in the brief summary of the
source. The first section is to help the reader understand what GMOS are, the second is to help
provide evidence with what GMOs can do to these organisms, the environment, and humans. The
third section is to explain why labeling can possibly help lower the effect these GMOs have on
these living things.

GMOS POSINING LAND, ANIMALS AND HUMANS

Intro to GMOs poisoning land, animals, and humans

The face of agricultural farming was forever changed with the introduction of GMOs.
with the scientific field of genetics expanding allowing scientist to modify plants, and food to
grow a certain away, or to keep plants from being harmed by pest. At the beginning this seemed
like a positive breakthrough for farming. Then as years passed signs started showing up that this
actually was causing a problem. With disappearing bees, animals with unnatural deformities, and
illness affecting people in many countries using these modifications this scientific breakthrough
does more harm than good. This essay is meant to bring light to the scientifically evidence
collected by these sources to prove that Genetically Modified Organism can be harmful to many
organisms in ecosystems. The Government should allow people to have access to the information
about what is put into the food they buy and consume for themselves, and other living creatures.
What are Genetically Modified Organisms?
This section will discuss sources that help explain what genetically modified organisms are.
It will also cover sources that help break down the science behind GMOS as well as the brief
history of when they started being used.

What Is GMO? (2016). Retrieved from the non GMO project:

http://www.nongmoproject.org/
Genetically modified organisms are organisms whose genetic materials have been

synthetically modified in laboratories through the process of genetic engineering. This scientific
field has created an uncertain merger of plants, animals, bacterial and viral genes that dont happen
commonly in the natural world. It is difficult to stay currently informed about what ingredients
that could be genetically modified. The list of these possible at-risk agricultural ingredients is
constantly being changed. These modifications have effects on the animals, and humans that
consume them. Some organizations like the source below are committed to inform these

GMOS POSINING LAND, ANIMALS AND HUMANS

consumers with the most information possible. Many organizations feel the consumers should
have the choice, and right to know what is in their food. This source is reliable due to this
coverage on what GMOs are in a way that can be understood by the general public. This website
is a good place for a reader to educate themselves further on what GMOs are. The website is full
of information, and is not that bias, it gives scientific evidence and informs people about what the
organization stands for and what it is working on. The source is up to date with recent events and
information obtains about GMOS because it states on the website that the information they have
is from recent statistics from the year 2016.

FRIEDMAN, M. (2015). GMOs. Monthly Review: An Independent Socialist Magazine,

66(10), 19.
The Capitalism of major corporations has a major influence in the development of

technology and genetic engineering to further continue the use of GMOs. They aid with their
money to further fuel the biological processes of the development and use of GMOs to make the
technology for it more advance, this is done mainly for extensive profit. GMOs influence the
food, generating process to the point that major corporations rely on this technology to gain
major profit. This might be a reason why it is so hard to address the banding on these
modifications to food. With the creation of generic stock production and markets of available
goods, the goal of growing food or raising animals for food was no longer considered supportable
production. With capitalisms influence of GMOs on this area, making it more into a market,
these corporations soon changed this to the reason for the production of goods for sale was in
order to make lots of money. Genetic modification as a technology and a science fits the
characteristic of other biotechnology fields positioned under the thumb of the capitalist market.
Just the two decades of growing worldwide GMO production before the year 2012, we have seen
a mass of evidence that GMOs fit into a certain pattern of destruction. Genetic Modification has

GMOS POSINING LAND, ANIMALS AND HUMANS

led to unacceptable and potentially disturbing outcome for biological and ecological processes not
lead by the qualified leaders in this area of science. This source provides distinguished statistics
and information on the biology behind what is done to foods when genetically modified and how
it can be harmful to the human body. The source is slightly dated with this magazine article being
released in 2012 just 4 years ago when GMOS were starting to become a topic of controversy.
The information is relevant still today due to its biological evidence it provides. The Author of this
source Michael Friedman earned his PhD in biology at the Genomics Laboratory at the American
Museum of Natural History. So he has a lot of understanding of how these genetic modifications
can have negative affect the organisms and the living things that consume them. This source is
good for people who are trying to show verification that GMOS have been around for a while
that companies are adding in the assistants of keeping them from being labeled, and encouraging
further use to these kinds of modifications.

Koberstein, P. (2015). The GMO Industrys War on Science. Progressive, 48.

The risk factors associated with foods made from GMOs and the effect it has on
humans and our environment is disturbing. Big food industry companies which produce
GMOs are injected and are making modifications to their products. These big companies are
intimidating, threatening and criticizing food scientists who are scientifically proven that these
GMO injected foods are not safe to consume. The harassment of scientists who reveal the
harm caused by agricultural chemicals or also known as agrichemicals which are various
chemical products used in agriculture. This usually refers to the spectrum of pesticides,
insecticides, herbicides, fungicides and nematicides that can be injected into foods. This
harassment has gone on for a long time and still does today, which is made evident in the many
stories told in this article. Some of the people interviewed for this article by the author have a
creditable background. For example, one of the people interviewed was Hector Valenzuela,

GMOS POSINING LAND, ANIMALS AND HUMANS

who is a professor of organic farming at the University of Hawaii discusses the evidence he
has collected from these stories of how these companies are trying to mask the scientific truth.
A person who shared their personal finding in this article was Vicki Vance. Vicki is a professor
of botany at the University of South Carolina on the topic of GMOs who gave her personal
insight, information, and evidence in the article. Overall, I say this source is creditable due to
the people used to discuss this topic are experts that were personally affected by the issue this
topic is discussed.
The sources above help explain what GMOs are and how the use of them can affect
us environmentally, physically, as well as economically. The sources help bring to light multiple
issues that the introduction of GMOs has created.
What effects do GMOs have on food, organisms, animals, and humans?
GMOs dont just affect humans, but as well as the organisms that are modified, and the
animals that come in contact with them and that may consume them. In this section the sources
below are areas that discuss the multiple ways GMOs have had negative effects on the multiple
living things that are affected by contact with them genetic modifications. Its a multiple collection
of evidence of the fact that GMOs can impact the health and state of these entities.

Priesnitz, W. (2011). The Problem With GMOs. Natural Life, (141), 5-7.

This source is a periodical in a question and answer format that was written by Wendy Priesnitz.
Here Wendy Priesnitz answers questions about the topic of genetically modified organisms that
are most generally asked. Wendy Priesnitz is a Natural Life Magazine's editor which is where this
source is located. Wendy has been a journalist for over 35 years and has written twelve books.
She is from Canada and was leader of the Green party for a year. The information discussed with
the question in the article cover how GMOs are created through the gene-splicing techniques of
biotechnology. Gene-splicing, which is also known as genetic engineering or GE which is a main

GMOS POSINING LAND, ANIMALS AND HUMANS

step when making genetic modifications to orgainisums. The evidence gathered on how GMOs
can be allergenic, toxic, and less nutritious to humans compared to their natural ways of growing
food without genetic modifications is given throughout the source. This source is good if you
were discuss main concerns and question the general public has on GMOs, its a good source that
breaks down facts that most people can understand.

Smith, J., Hughes, D., & Hughes, J. (2007). THE DANGERS OF GMOs Genetic
Engineering in our Food Supply An Interview with Jeffrey Smith. Share Guide, (94), 10-83.

A large quanity of people do not realize the total chemical synergistic effects GMOs can have
on the body. This source provides a general look over on the effects that pesticides have on
animals, and humans. This study was done on a case of Danish farmer; his name was Ib Borup
Pedersen. He started to become shocked and concerned at the malformations among his newborn
piglets. This only occurred after switching to Monsanto's GMO feed. With this evidence the
source states how GMOs could be linked to certain diseases in humans, how they could cause
harm to our bodies, can harm the animals raised that we may digest, and what effects they may
have on us. The source is an interview with Jeffrey Smith; Jeffery is a leading spokesperson on the
health dangers of Genetically Modified Organisms. Jeffery released his first book in 2003 titled
Seeds of Deception. This book documented the severe and yet unexplained side effects of
Genetically engineered foods. Jefferys second book Genetic Roulette, released in 2007 9 years
ago brought to light how the world's most powerful Ag biotech companies bluff and mislead
critics, Congress, and the FDA about food safety research for the products Americans buy every
day that have GMOs in them or are Genetically Engineered. Jeffery Smith directs the Campaign
for Healthier eating in America from the institute for Responsible Technology, where he is
executive director still today.

GMOS POSINING LAND, ANIMALS AND HUMANS

Mae-Wan, H., Cummins, J., & Saunders, P. (2007). GM food nightmare unfolding in the
regulatory sham. Microbial Ecology In Health & Disease, 19(2), 66-77.
doi:10.1080/08910600701343781

Regulators are ignoring many signs and evidence that GMOs re in fact dangerous to the health
of living organisums that consume them. They are also overlooking the non-precautionary,
manipulating, and untrustworthy science that is sidestepping the law in order t help to promote
the continuation of GMOs. Despite the fact that in the public opposes the use of them, are
wanting of them to be labeled, and compromised assortment of evidence against the safety of
genetically modified foods and feed given to animals. This source is somewhat science heavy and
might be somewhat difficult for the general public to read. The source states how authorities are
ignoring the facts due to the corporations hands whose money plays a large role in the production
of these products and the science behind it. Even if this was released back in 2007, it shows
evidence collected about GMOs from the 1980s till then, which was just 9 years ago. There are
multiple authors which got together to create this source. The first author Mae-Wan Ho is a
professor of the Institute of Science in Society in London. The second author Joe Cummings was
a professor in the Department of Biology at the University of Western Ontario in Canada. The
final author Peter Saunders was a professor of the Department of Mathematics at Kings College
also located in London. This source was written by multiple professionals in all fields that relate to
this topic. This could best be used for research that sides with the fact that the use of GMOs are
harmful and that there is evidence that can prove it.

Gale, R., & Null, G. (2015). Food Fascists: GMO and Pesticide Manufacturers Down and
Dirty. Townsend Letter, (378), 75-81.
GMOs not only affect humans, but also any animals to consume products used by them.

When animals are fed genetically modified foods they usually develop severe health problems.

GMOS POSINING LAND, ANIMALS AND HUMANS

Some of the examples provided by the evidence in this article were cancer, bleeding stomachs, and
liver diseases. When asked about how GMOs health risks to humans are, a standard list that was
provided which was that GMOs may cause allergies, toxins, and nutritional problems in humans.
GMOs can be transferred from the food we intake rather it be from animals or plants can have an
effect on human health. This source was written by Richard Gale, and Gary Null, PhD. Richard
Gale is the Executive Producer of PRN which stands for Progressive Radio Network. Richard os
a former Senior Research Analyst in the biotechnology and genomic industries. Gary Null PhD is
the host of the nations longest running public radio programs which focuses on nutrition and
natural health. Dr.Null is also a multi-award-winning director of progressive documentary films.
One of his films is Seeds of Death: Unveiling the Lies of GMOs,. Both have a back ground in
the science that is envoled in the process of GMOs which makes this source reliable and easy to
read for the genral public.

Swanson, N. (2013, August 22). GMOs and Multiple Chronic Diseases. Retrieved march
2016, from Farm and Ranch Freedom Alliance : http://farmandranchfreedom.org/gmomultiple-chronic-disease/

This source gives scientifical statistics about the effects of GMOs on the human body in relation
to the effects of digesting them in food. The author behind this source who wrote a section for
this website is Dr. Nancy Swanson. Dr.Swanson graduated from Western Washington University
with a B.S. Degree in physics and math. She received her Ph.D. in physics from The Florida State
University. She also worked as a staff scientist for the United States Navy. She has also taught
physics at WWU. Nancy is also the author of over 30 scientific publications and two books on
women in science. This source is very much up to date with the article being posted in 2013 just 3
years ago, but it also has more current information as well. This website also has other credible

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sources, references, and extensive information on where they receive their statistics which can be
used for multiple research purpose on GMOs. This source is written in a format that is meant for
the general public to be able to read and understand.

Stranks, J. (2008). Damage to the environment. A-Z Of The Environment, 107.

This source is a book it is like a reference full of sources on different environmental issues.

This source helps summarize the economic, legal, social, and scientific issues. Out of all its many
topics, GMOs is one that is discussed in one of it chapters. The sources intended audience is for
the general public to read and understand. The chapter of the book that discusses GMOS helps
break down all the terminology to help you better understands the issues of it. The book helps
break down the facts, effects and why these environmental issues are caused. This book was
published in 2008, so this is an up to date source, the age might affect how much is known about
my topic over the past 8 years technology has advanced so now we might have a better
understanding or more information on this topic of GMOS and there effects than when this
source was released. The author Jeremy Stranks was a founder, as well as a member of the
National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health. Jeremy later on became a chief
examiner for the National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health for many years.
This source was written by a professional who is well educated on this kind of topic, and could
help a researcher to gain more information on the topic of Genetic Modifications.
The sources above are a collection of stories and firsthand experience dealing with
GMOs. this collaboration helps gather evidence for multiple sides of the spectrum. It shows the
effects of the use of GMOs to feed animals how it affects them and how it affect us rather
consuming food with GMOs or animals who have also consume them and the effects it has on
our bodies. It also reveals the dirty political and economic factors this scientific field plays in the
business side, where gaining profit is seen more important than the disturbing.

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The sources above are a collection of stories and firsthand experience dealing with
GMOs. this collaboration helps gather evidence for multiple sides of the spectrum. It shows the
effects of the use of GMOs to feed animals how it affects them and how it affect us rather
consuming food with GMOs or animals who have also consume them and the effects it has on
our bodies. It also reveals the dirty political and economic factors this scientific field plays in the
business side, where gaining profit is seen more important than the disturbing evidence that there
is a problem. There are multiple problems with using GMOs its not just biological its also issues
of power and money.
Why we should label GMOs?
Due to the fact that other countries have started to demand and have laws passed on the
labeling of GMOs this has caused other countries to start asking questions. What is really being
altered, done, or added in the foods we consume or give to our animals. With the advancement of
science many countries are now taking a stand on Genetic Modifications, or Organisums that were
modified by alteration, or adding of these scientific changes. These three sources below for this
section will help the readers understand the evidence that shows why we have the right to have
these GMOs labeled.

Fraiture, M., Herman, P., Taverniers, I., De Loose, M., Deforce, D., & Roosens, N. H.
(2015). Current and new approaches in GMO detection: challenges and solutions. Biomed
Research International, 2015392872. doi:10.1155/2015/392872
In multiple countries, GMO legislations have been created, and enforced in order to

guarantee traceability of food, and as well as in feed products on the market to buy. These laws
were created in order to protect the consumers and buyers of the animal feeds by the public claim
they had freedom of choice. It discusses how the public has a right to know what is in the food
they consume. Several GMO detection strategies were then created, mostly based on searching

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within DNA or these organinsums have been developed. Due to this method of choice law this
allows for the enforcement of laboratories to look into GMO detection analysis research on a
daily basis. Although, the growing number, and diversity of GMO development on the market has
increased around the world this creates technical and scientifically obstacles for these detection
medthods. Due to these obstacles GMO detection methods have been developed, allowing faster
detections of a single GMO target in examining DNA. There are benefits and drawbacks in using
this sort of method the pros and cons are discussed in the SOurce. This source discusses the
scientific steps that are needed to be taken in order to detect GMOs and what would need to be
done in order to enforce a labeling law. The multiple authors who helped write this source have a
background in Biology, Technology and Food Sciences, Biotechnology, Bioinformatics,
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, and Molecular Biology to name a few. This source has a short of
heavy scientific langue to it which could be difficult for some general public readers to understand.
This source could help a researcher who would want a source on what would need to be done in
order to have GMO detection labs.

Nature publishing. (2014 ). Not on The Label. Nature, 509, 399400.

In this source this article discusses how the United States is pushing to label foods as genetically
engineered or modified is hard to take and do. The State of Vermont on the 8th of May stood out
and took a stand with a new position in the national food scene when its governor, Peter Shumlin,
signed into law a bill that requires foods on sale in the state that were made with genetically
engineered ingredients or aslo know as GMOs to be labelled. It is the first such law in the country
of the United States. This new laws fate is still unclear with many food-industry groups
immediately vowed to challenge this new bill in the court. The Center for Food Safety which is a

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consumer activist group in Washington, DC, says that there are similar food-labelling bills in the
works in other states. Here this article discusses how politics and money plays as an obstacle in
laws that could be created and how they are stopped. This source is one that shows statisics that
these laws are wanted in the United States, but are often rejected or held off due to companies
taking them to court. This possible labelling movement poses a number of logistical challenges.

Label without a cause. (2014). Nature Biotechnology, 32(12), 1169. doi:10.1038/nbt.3094

This source reviews on the mandatory genetically modified food labeling legislation in U.S. how
there is an inconsistency in state laws and differences with federal laws for GMO food is stated. It
is considered a one-sided law, but could have economical benefits. If the legislation is passed as it
is wanted by the public then the consumers would have to pay a higher price for the products in
order to receive this labeling. Since there is no useful nutritional or allergenic information on the
GMOs the law holds no appraisal for food regulation and mentions much impediment by U.S.'s
Food and Drug Administration. This article would be good for the use of a researcher discussing
pro and cons of GMO laws being passed in many states.
These sources conclude that there is a demand that the public wants to know what these
companies are doing to alter their food. The people have the right to know what they are
consuming but the political, economic, and scientific sides to the GMO world have made a
tangled up web. So many hands play a role in this area of controversy which creates issues for
such a law to be passed. The evidence is everywhere and has been collected for quite some time.
Hopefully with the advancement of science, technology there could be an economic and
ecological solution to help both parties resolve this issue.
Conclusion
The evidence, research, and science revealed by these sources which discusses the use and
making of Genetically Modified Organisms ( GMOs) in this essay have shown the multiple affects

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GMOs have on the environment, animals, humans and are economy. These sources were
collected in order to show how GMOs are in fact harmful to the; environment, animals, and
humans. Our economic, and political roles in this area have made the effort to label and detect
GMOs more difficult. these sources reveal that his scientific breakthrough does more damage
than good. These sources reveal that GMOs dont just affect humans, but as well as the
organisms that are modified, and the animals that consume them. GMOs have had negative
effects on the multiple living things. These sources are a collaboration of evidence for multiple
sides of the spectrum of the world of GMOs. There are multiple problems with using GMOs its
not just a biological effect its also issues of power and money due to the corporate and political
hands tied into this world. Many of these sources show that there is a demand that the general
public wants to know what these companies are doing to alter their food and more about what
GMOs really are. The people have the right to know what they are consuming. Hopefully with
the advancement of science, technology there could be an economic, and ecological solution to
help this growing controversy. This is an issue that every side of this world is affected by GMOs
they all want it resolved. Genetically Modified Organism can be harmful, so we should allow
people to have access to the information about what is put into their food.

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