PROSTAGLANDINS

They are the group of closely related

biologically active lipids. They are the
derivatives of polygenic fatty acid known as
prostanoic acid. They are like hormones, since
they act as chemical messengers, but do not
move to other sites, but work within the cell
where they are synthesized.

BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION

Induction of inflammation
Mediation of pain signals
Induction of fever
Smooth muscle contraction (including uterus)
Smooth muscle relaxation
Protection of stomach lining
Simulation of platelet aggregation
Inhibition of platelet aggregation
Sodium and water retention

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
All are the derivatives of 20 carbon fatty acid
prostanoic acid, in which carbon atoms 8 to
12 and a cyclopentane ring is present.
PG are unsaturated carboxylic acids consisting
of a 20 carbon skeleton that also contain a 5
member ring. They are biochemically
synthesized from the fatty acid called
ARACHDONIC ACID.
(5,8,11,14
eicosenoic acid). OR (eicosatetraenoic acid).

CLASSIFICATION
They are classified into 2 main groups:
1. Prostanoids
2. Leukotrienes
a. Prostaglandins
b. Prostacycline
c. Tromboxanes.
PGS are further classified into 4 main classes.
1.PGE:- PGE-1, PGE-2, PGE-3,
2. PGF:- PGF-1, PGF-2, PGF-3.
3.PGA:- PGA-1, PGA-2, 19-OH PGA-1&2
4.PGB:- PGB-1, PGB-2, 19-OH PGB1&2.

PGA, PGD, PGE, PGF, PGG, PGH, PGI

Depending on the functional groups present at X and
Y
PGF 1, 2 or 3
Depending on the number of double bonds present
in the linear hydrocarbon chain

PGF

1, 2

or

Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) - structure

Thromboxanes: named for their role in thrombosis, the formation of a

clot inside a blood vessel

RETROSYNTHETIC ANALYSIS OF PGF2

COREYS SYNTHESIS OF
PROSTAGLANDIN F2

WOODWARD SYNTHESIS OF
PROSTAGLANDIN F2