CCNA 200-120 Routing & Switching www.noasolutions.com NETWORK ONLINE ACADEMY NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjarahills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 Page 1About the Author Sikandar Shalk, a dual CCIE (RS/SP# 35072), is a highly experienced and extremely driven senior technical instructor and network consultant. He has been training networking courses for more than 10 years, teaching on a wide range of topics including Routing and Switching, Service Provider and Security (CCNA to CCIE). In addition, he has been developing and updating the content for these courses. He has assisted many engineers In passing out the lab examinations and securing certifications. Sikandar Shaik is highly skilled at designing, planning, coordinating, maintaining, troubleshooting and implementing changes to various aspects of multi-scaled, multi-platform, multi-protocol complex networks as well as course development and instruction for a technical workforce in a varied networking environment. His experlence Includes responsibilities ranging from operating and maintaining PC’s and peripherals to network control programs for multi- faceted data communication networks in LAN, MAN and WAN environments. Sikandar Shaik has delivered instructor led trainings in several states in India as well as in abroad in countries like China, Kenya and UAE. He has also worked as a Freelance Cisco Certified Instructor globally for Corporate Major Clients. Acknowledgment First and foremost | would like to thank the Almighty for his continued blessings and for always being there for me. You have given me the power and confidence to believe in myself and pursue my dreams. | could never have done this without the faith I have in you. Secondly I would like to thank the NOA Solutions team for thelr continued support, dedication and hard work which helped me in delivering a better product. ! would like to thank my family for understanding my long nights at the computer. | have spent a lot of time on preparing workbooks and this workbook would not have been possible without their support and encouragement. | would also like to recognize the cooperation of my students who took my trainings and workbooks. | believe my workbooks have helped them in upskilling themselves with respect to the subject and technologies and I will continue preparing workbooks for the updated technology versions. Shaik Gouse Moinuddin Sikandar CCIE x 2 (RS/SP) Feedback Please send feedback if there are any issues with respect to the content of this workbook. | would also appreciate suggestions from you which can Improve this workbook further. Kindly send your feedback and suggestions at info@noasolutions.com NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 2INDEX PAGE NO Basic networking .. About Cisco & CCNA (exam & career paths) .. TCP/IP ADDRESSING. Private & Public IP . Subnetting FLSM Examples ... Understanding /Value VLSM examples Subnetting Questions .. Introduction to Cisco Routers.. Understanding LAN Connectivity n Console Connectivity .. 83 Basic commands/ Modes of Cisco routers .. 90, Lab: Basic Configurations and Verifications ........... 103 Understanding WAN connections. m Rules to assign the ip address on cisco routers .. ns Lab: basic IP configuration ... : 125 Lab: Basic configuration using three routers... er... 128 LAB: Basic IP configuration: Redundant connectivity 133, Troubleshooting Connectivity, fe 2-ne-- peng 135, WAN protocols (PPP/HDLO):. 4 135, PPP Authentication (PAP/CHAP) 138 LAB: PPP Authentication using CHAP WI LAB: PPP Authentication using PAP 143 Routing . . 145 Static Routing 146 Lab: Static Routing 148. Lab: Static Routing (srouters) .. 153, Understanding Routing lookup 156 Default routing: 158 LAB: DEFAULT ROUTING 160 LAB: Static Routing using Redundant links 164 Dynamic routin; 170 Classfull /Classless m RIP viv2 m3 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 3Lab: Routing using RIPv2 cers vs LAB: Dynamic Routing using RIPv2 ~ using Redundant links . 180 Administrative Distance 194 Autonomous system number 186 EIGRP 199 Lab: EIGRP LAB: Dynamic Routing using RIPV2 — using Redundant links . OSPF OSPF Areas LAB: Configuring OSPF single Area LAB: Configuring OSPF Multiple Area LAB: ospf multi- area ~ Redundant links .. Basic switching. Cisco Design hierarchy Initial configuration of a switch VIRTUAL LAN LAB —Verify VLAN Trunking Lab: Trunki Inter-VLAN Routing -..-ssessessessesssssssesstee m LAB: Inter-Vian Routing Using Physical Gateway 276 Inter VLAN routing using subinterfaces -.....+csse+++seessssesssee 279 Spanning tree protocol 282 Lab: verifying spanning-tree eee 293 ‘Access control lst. 298 LAB: Standard ACL 310 Lab: Extended ACL 314 Named ACL (standard/Extended) 323 Network address translation. 331 LAB: Static NAT LAB: Dynamic NAT LAB: Port Address Translation LAB: PATusing exit interface IPVe IPve Routing LAB: Basic configuration of Ipv6 .. Static and Default IPV6 routing NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 4RIPng osPrv3 EIGRP FOR IPV6 Password reverting on cisco routers Lab: backup and restore IOS and configs esssssssesceeeeeesseeeee Restore IOS in Rommon Mode. WAN Technologies Leased lines . Frame relay Lab: framerelay Metroethernet Introduction to MPLS technology Virtual private network VSAT ... CABLE and DSL technology . (OSI Reference model & TCP/IP....c-sss+ssseseersssesees Troubleshooting user connectivity 374 Troubleshooting trunking 438 Troubleshooting WAN connecitivity 439 Troubleshooting Routing (static /Default). 440 Troubleshooting OSPF / EIGRP. an CCNA Routing & Switching Workbook: Mock lab CCNA Mock lab (Subnetting /IP configuration) 494 CCNA Mock lab (PPP Authentication). CCNA Mock lab (EIGRP /OSPF) VLAN and Trunks . Inter-vian routing Spanning-tree protocol .. Access Control List Network Address Translation .. NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_noasolutions.com Page 5Cisco Certified Network Associate CCNAx 200-120 ‘Sikandar shatk CCIEx2 (RS/SP) # 35012 Senior Technical Instructor www.noasolutions.com Network OA. Group of two or more computers connected to share information and resources. 999 et YS yo ae Internet / WAN se NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 6Local area networks (LAN) A. Set of devices connected with the same location (office/building) gy ge”. Intemet / WAN Wide Area Network (WAN) A. » Set of devices connected in two or more different locations. » Two or more LAN. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 7Metro-politan Area Network (MAN) MOA, Set of devices connected in city limits Personal area network (PAN) A. ‘two or more computer systems with in 4 to 6 meters. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_noasolutions.com Page 8LANs, WANS, and Internets NEA, The Internet LANs ané WANS may be connected int intmetwors. Providing Resources in a Network Networks of Many Sizes ‘Smal Home Networks ine mel Lome | lize sxe] Medium to Large Networks Word Wide Networks | NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 9 ‘Small OffcalHome Ofice Network,Network devices Router, switch , firewall, voice devices, wireless Access-point Cisco Switch OA, Provides centralized location to connect devices with in the LAN. Switch NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 10Wireless Access point XA, » Provides centralized location to connect devices with in the LAN. » Without wire (using RF signals) = () Cisco Routers netwon OA, Device connecting two or more LAN SEE Hyderabad Bengaluru NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 11Cisco Firewall NM @A. + protects a network from unauthorized access illlii#ilyym, * controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on a set of rules. VoIP Phones/ Voice Devices OA. A VoIP phone uses Voice over IP for placing and transmitting telephone calls over an IP network, such as the Internet, instead of the traditional public switched telephone network (PSTN). NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 12Home Internet devices > Inbuilt Switch , Router, wireless AP » Applicable for small homevoffice networks = mon) Pa Connecting to the Wired LAN ‘Cones yur comput he tome port (213,08, | NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 13About Cisco MOA. » Leading manufacturer of Networking Devices. » Switches, Routers , Firewalls, Voice Devices, Datacenter , Wireless Cisco Certification Tracks NA. eres NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 14MOA. Rovtng an tng ee ceaty Eg NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 15CCNA Certification Exam XA, » computer based » run and administered by pearson VUE www.vue.com > Cost 295 $ » 90 minutes » 50 ~ 55 Questions » Cisco CCNA Exam Question Types + Mute choice 40) + Testet (5 questions onthe same senate gram) + Dragand-drop (OND) + Simulated ab (SIM) Sets (same as teste need to se show commands to veri) » Passing Score : 625/100 Contents for new CCNA 200-120 rw OA, Operation of IP Data Networks 2 IPaddressing (IPva / IPv6) > LAN Switching Technologies «IP Routing Technologies IP Services © Network Device Security + Troubleshooting «WAN Technologies For Detailed Contents www.noasolutions.com www.cisco.com refer index pages in workbook, NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 16What you get at NOA XA, > World class training in Hyderabad, » Detailed lab workbooks for practice (500+ pages) Includes slides & labs documented ‘Also Includes mock lab (real-world scenarlo labs) Interview Questions in each section. (test your sls) » Self paced Video on demand series. » Simulation Tools for practice at home/lab. » Duration ~ 30 days ( 90 min-per day) Monday - Saturday » Lab timings- 7 am to 8 pm, » Every month free seminar on ( real time tools + interview preparation) by sikandar shaik CCIEx2 (RS/SP) Test your skills: ‘+ Define router, switch and firewall ‘© What is the difference between router and switch? ‘* What is the Job of a firewall in our network? ‘* List the devices to be used in what is the range of Private ip address? © What is VOIP? ‘+ Explain the jobs done by router used in our homes internet? ‘© What are the certification tracks cisco offers? ‘© What are the types of questions covered in your CCNA online certification exam? NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 17TCP/IP addressing Protocol OA. set of rules to follow to have proper communication. Network protocols \ ii TCP/IP (Department of Defense) eee om ey ‘Appletalk (Apple) iu LL © Netbios (microsoft) si (so NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 18What is TCP/IP? MOA, » TCPAP is a standard protocol used between ‘computers and network devices for communication. » Internet work based on TCP/IP | nae ae | TCPAP addressing OA. » IP Address is Logical Address given to each and every device in the network. » IP address used to identify specific device in the network. Two Versions of IP: + IPversion 4 (32 bit) + IPversion 6 (128 bit) 999 rags oe NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 19IPV4 address 32 bits NA. 10100000 fim 00000111 Co 2 me 2 2 2. ae 2 = 12864 32 16 8 4 2 1. = Ei 1 1 oO oO oO oO oO oO 1280 64 «326 1 = NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 20Convert Decimal to Binary A/S 192 168 10 10 11000000 10101000 00001010 00001010 — Assigning IPv4 address to a Host MOA. QO coentos > NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 21Assigning IPv4 address to a Host NA. Network and Sharing Center Laie Assigning IPv4 Address to a Host NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 22Assigning IPv4 Address to a Host m.| GA. iene otc Veron d(C Papen tere ee > aoer teeta sre re Cog] Comet) Range of IPv4 address MOA. Taking Example for First Octet : Total 8 bits, Value will be 0's and 1's i.e. 25 = 256 combination 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 20000 e0000 20000 20000 e0000 #oO00 onnoOo Oonono Taaaaaaga NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 23 255IP Address Classification MOA. IP Addresses are divided into 5 Classes CLASS A 0-127 CLASS Bo 128-191 Used in LAN & WAN CLASS C 192-223 CLASS D = 224-239 Reserved for Multicasting CLASS E 240-255 Reserved for Research & Development Types of communication Mi OA. In an IPv4 network, the hosts can communicate one of three different ways: 1. Unicast 2. Broadcast 3. Multicast a NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 24Unicast Transmission ‘the process of sending a packet from one host to an individual host. Broadcast Transmission NA. The process of sending a packet from one host to all hosts in the network ZZ IW NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 25Multicast Transmission MOA. + The process of sending a packet from one host to a selected group of hosts, possibly in different networks * CLASS D 224-239 Reserved for Multicasting ZI Corporate Broadcasts Live TV and Radio Broadcast to the Desktop Distance L md Muttica File Transfer St Fi Pata ang File Repication Real-Time Data Delivery—Financial NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 26Network & Host portions MOA, IP address is divided into Network & Host Portion CLASS A N.HHH CLASS B N.NHH CLASS C NNNH Host: a specific device in the network Networks set of devices ton OA. Hist — one Single. Davide. | Nehwte » Se a Pevicas O 2 | Same FlooR 2 “ Llae-r: ie Nor 3} ote of «218 Fler bon Nehwone [ast NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 27N AUN ; So-I2] lo- lo ee in rai a Be{USo- 12} ICE = Same } - hohe yee To\Io ito oe bh lAJIC AS AS Seat 0-127 fy, hr goo 2288 Ic NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions com Page 28Class C-Range N.N.N.H 192.168.1.X, 192.168.1.0 First three portions has to be same in order to be in 192.168.1.1 the same network. 192.168.1.2 X = 0-255 192.168.1.3 NAH 192.168.1.253 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.255 Class B - Range N.N.H.H 172.16.0.0 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.2 172.16.0.3 172.16.0.254 172.16.0.255 12.16% NOA co Aber First two portions has to be same in order to be in the same network X = 0-255 172.16.1.0 172.16.2.0 172.16.255.0 172.16.1.1 172.16.2.1 172.16.255.1 172.16.1.2 172.16.2.2 172.16.255.2 172.16.1.3 172.16.2.3 172.16.255.3 172.16.1.254 172.16.2.254 172.16.255.254 172.16.1.255 172.16.2.255 172.16.255.255 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 29Class A-Range N.H.H.H 1O.X.X.X XA, First one portions has to be same in order to be in the same network X = 0-255 10.0.0.0 10.0.1.0 10.0.2.0 10.0.255.0 10.0.1.1 10.0.2.1 10.0.255.1 10.0.2.2 10.0.255.2 10.0.255.3 10.0.0.3 10.0.255.254 10.0.255.255 Class A-Range N.H.H.H 10.X.X.X A, 10.1.0.0 10.1.1.0 10.1.2.0 10.1.255.0 10.1.0.1 10.1.1.1 101.21 10.1.255.1 10.1 10.1.1.2 10.1.2. 10.1.255.2 10.1 10.1.1.3 10.1.2. 10.1.255.3 10.1.255.254 10.1.255.255 10.1.1.254 10.1.1.255 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 30Class A-Range N.H.H.H 10.255.0.0 10.255.1.0 10.255.0.1 10.255.1.1 10.255.0.2 10.255.1.2 10.255.0.3 10.255.1.3 10.255.0.254 —10.255.1.254 10.255.0.255 10.255.1.255 » Class C - Range > Class B - Range > Class A - Range 10.X.X.X NA, 10.255.2.0 10.255.255.0 10.255.2.1 10.255.255.1 10.255.2.2 10.255.255.2 10.255.2.3 10.255.255.3 10.255.2.254 110.255.255.254 10.255.2.255 110.255.255.255 nto GA. 192.168.1.X 123 TOXXX Number of hosts address in each class > Class C - Range host bits= 8 » Class B- Range host bits= 16 > Class A - Range host bits= 24 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor 28= 256 2% = 65536 2 = 16777216 r,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions,com Page 31Number of valid hosts address MOA, > Class C N.N.N.H host 28 = 256-2 > Class B N.N.HH host 2 = 65536-2 > Class A NHHH host bits= 26 2" = 167772162 First and last address in each range are reserved for Network ID and Broadcast ID. Class-C A. 192.168.1.0 ——————=>_ Network Address 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3, Valid IP Addresses 192.168.1.253 192.168.1.254 192.168.1255 ———aap>__ Broadcast Address NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 32Class -B MOA. 172.16.0.0 ————>_ Network Address 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.2 172.16.0.3 Valid IP Addresses 172.16.255.253 172.16.255.254 172.16.255.255 —ee> Broadcast Address Example - Class A OA. 10.0.0.0 ——_ Network Address 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.2, 10.0.0.3, Valid IP Addresses 10.255.255.253 10.255.255.254 10.255.255.255 n> Broadcast Address NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 33Network & Broadcast Address Network ID: First IP of the range Al ZERO's in the host portion Reserved for Identifying complete network Class C NNNH 192.168.1.x Class B NNHH T216xx Class A NHHH TOXXX Broadcast Address Broadcast address Last IP address ofthe range All ONE'S inthe host portion Used to send broadcast to all with inthe same network Class C NNN 192.168.1.x Class B N.NLHH VI2.16.XX Class A N.HHH TOXXX 192.168.1.0 172.16.0.0 10.0.0.0 ton OA. 192,168.1.255 172.16.255.255 170.255.255.255 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 34Valid IP Addresses lle between the Network Address and the Broadcast Address. (Only Valid IP Addresses are assigned to hosts/clents Subnet-mask OA. Subnet Mask differentiates the Network and Host Portion. 1. represent network © represent hosts Class A NHHH 255.0.0.0 Class B NNHH 255.255.0.0 Class C NNN 255.255.255.0 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 35Reserved Address MOA. » Class D 224 XXX + 238.4XX > Class E 240.XXX “255 XXX » Network ID & Broadcast ID > 0xxx not valid > 1rKxx for loopback address (testing TCP/IP) Ping Command A. Used for Testing connectivity between two devices. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 36Ping 192.168.1.1 Ping 192.168.1.1 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 37Ipconfig /all 127.X.x.x - loopback address A. Loopback address used for testing local TCP/IP protocols ron Perr ELe A CRC ee ee cera eet een Rem Meeeer es nrgete Ce eee ipeee abe reer i eres : ee a i se eee Ronee tree Cra NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 38Private & Public IP local network (Geechee) eas | es Internet 192 1681003 i pe RoutiNaT Device 192.168 1004 @ Defoult Gotewey 145 12.1317 seuanos I WSeusett” (ater Adwes) » Used on public network( INTERNET) > Used with the LAN or within the organization Public IP Private IP » Recognized on internet » Not recognized on intern » Given by the service provider ( from fc resoemtzed on nese IANA) > Given by the administrator > Globally unique » Unique within the network or » Pay to service provider (or JANA ) Gem > Free » Registered » Unregistered IP NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 39Private IP Address MOA. ‘There are certain addresses in each class of IP address that are reserved for Private Networks. These addresses are called private addresses. Class A 10.0.0.0 to 710.255.255.255 (10.xxx) Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 (192.168.x.x) Assignment of IP Addresses NA, Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) The major registries are: (IANA.org) //woww jana. vad e/ipv4-address-space xhtml Assignment of IP Addresses UA/ BINIC NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 40Test your skills ‘* Define protocol and list some protocols used in network? © What is TCP/IP? © Why do we need IP address? ‘+ Why there is a need for IPvs addressing when already we have IPv4? ‘© Write the Binary Conversion of given decimal values o 155 o 145 o 20 o 6 ‘© Write the Decimal Conversion of given Binary values, © 1100011 oort0011 © 11110000 © 10100011 ‘© List out the range of IP addressing from A to E? ‘+ Define unicast, Multicast, Broadcast? ‘© Write the number of network & host portions in class A, B,C? ‘+ Write down the class which the given address belong. © 192.168.10.1 150.1.1.1 © 200.15.12.10 10.12.145.10 15.144 ‘+ Identify the given address whether they are in the same network or different networks based on default network and host portions. © 192:168.1.1 192.168.20.1 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 41© 150.25.25.100 150.25.22.10 © 100.10.10.10 10.45.1015 © 110:12.15.10 © 110.14.12.100 © 172.25.25.100 © 12.21.2210 ‘© Write down the range, network ID and Broadcast ID for network 172.16.0.0 Ww down the range, network ID and Broadcast ID for network 192.168.0.0 ‘+ Write down the range, network ID and Broadcast ID for network 100.0.0.0 ‘© Write the network ID and Broadcast ID for the following given IP address. © 172.16.5.10 © 192.168.20.10 215.10.10.10 © 145.212.2515 100.10.10.10 ‘© Check the following IP address given and identify whether the given IP is network ID or broadcast ID or Valid IP. 2100.15.00 © 210.:15.10.0 192.168.10.255 172.16.2.255 © 100.0.255.255 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 42© 175.10.145.255 © 1751200 ‘© Define subnet mask and write the default subnet mask for each class? ‘© List the Reserved address and explain where they are used? ‘© What are the command in PC we use for verifying IP ADDRESS and connectivity? ‘+ Differentiate between private and Public IP? ‘¢ Write the range of private IP in each class? ‘* Which two of the following are private IP addresses? An2001 B, 168.172.19.39 C. 172.20.1436 D.av72.33.19430 E. 192.168.2443 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 43Subnetting FLSM, VLSM, Subnetting Questions Subnetting MOA, » is the process of Dividing a Single Network into Multiple smaller networks. » helps in minimizing the wastage of IP address. a NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 44FLSM & VLSM MOA. ‘Subnetting can be performing in two ways. FLSM_ (Fixed Length Subnet Mask) visM (Variable Length subnet mask) ‘Subnetting can be done based on requirement. Requirement of Hosts? 2-2 >= requirement Requirement of Networks? 2 > requirement H=hostbis , N= Network Bs What we do in Subnetting Converting Host bits into Network Bits (reducing number of host bits) + Le. Converting o's into 1's 2 Power Table 2 2 2 256 Pa 4 2” 512 2° 8 2” 1024 2 16 Qu 2048 2 32 22 4096 2° 64 2 8192 at 128 2 16384 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 45Value in Subnet mask MOA. | _— Cachtss, beg =So haste (LM) NN Zale ele MECCA CUA C((UI + figoooore Qh 2 kay (i atl cee 2% Wresk> 265. 255.966, g2. 2. 0 a td Resin) W615 = 6 a 6-10 Grud iets = TREY BY 4, # BB 8-622 CPrabahests fob ety « Naw ac | NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 46Range ghee Nebwie £0 Gradest Co M061 ws (AL: lee 1-68, ZL le loge Ge > (4d-Uelt27 AL Me} 128 AL lee Lol Ar Were [42 > Mr. (tel-ass FLSM: Example—1 Req = 40 hosts using C-class address network 192.168.1.0/24 2 >a req wf 2 >= 40 e4-2>=40 62 >= 40 Host bits required (h) = Converted network Bits (n) = Total. H. Bits ~ req. H. Bits =8-6=2 Converted network Bits (n) = 2 Total . N. Bits = default N bits + converted N bits = 26+2= /26 © Hosts/Subet 2-2 = 2-2 = 64-2 62, Hosts/Subet 4 Subnets © Subnets = 2 ‘* Customized subnet mask = (/26) = _ 255.255.255.192 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 47Range: 2° = 64 Network ID — Broadcast ID 192.168.1.63/26 © 192.168.1.0/26 192.168.1.127/26 © 192.168.1.64/26 192.168.1.191/26 © 192.168.1.128/26 192.168.1.255/26 © 192.168.1.192/26 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 48Rega doteste, Cees NNCN Huggy ate a (qual 00060 dav erupt it gr 2b Mak 9or a oe - 224 42-2 nS 4 hosts. Sulrels = 2° = 27 0 Goines heov Gols dry © BF BAL NDhe 2448 [2% | Rey — ah 9°. (ey Heb > (en (rl st n > 63 6y§ a5 4 L527 he Is (bo: > (al lee) as Fale eee NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 49FLSM: Example Req = 30 hosts using C-class address network 192.168.1.0/24 Host bits required (h) = 5 Converted network Bits (n) = Total. H. Bits -- req. H. Bits =8-5 Converted network Bits (n) = 3 Total . N. Bits = default N bits + converted N bits = 24+3= /27 Hosts/Subet = 2"-2 = 2-2 = 32-2 = 30 Hosts/Subet ‘Subnets = 8 Subnets Customized subnet mask = (/27) = 255.255.255.224 32 Network ID = Broadcast ID © 192.168.1.0/27 - 192.168.1.31/27 © 192.168.1.32/27 192.168.1.63/27 © 192.168.1.64/27 192.168.1.95/27 © 192.168.1.96/27 192.168.1.127/27 © 192.168.1.128/27 © 192.168.1.160/27 © 192.168.1.192/27 © 192.168.1.224/27 192.168.1.159/27 192.168.1.191/27 192.168.1.223/27 192.168.1.255/27 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 50UNDERSTANIDIAK — SugneTs. { 92. lég- [-10 sane sah SF: LETS —> h g) we |. loo ny hw oh. 28-50) (oO — 355) e Z XN 0-63 z bh 129 4 jae — at 22 (an — 255 FLSM: Example—3 Req = 500 hosts using B-class address network 172.16.0.0/16 2 2-2 4 500 512-2 >= 500 510 >= 500 Host bits required (h) = 9 Converted network Bits (n) = Total. H. Bits ~ req. H. Bits 6-9 =7 Converted network Bits (n)= 7 Total. N. Bits = default N bits + converted N bits =16+7= /23 Hosts/Subet = 2'-2 = 2-2 = 512-2 = 510 Hosts/Subet Subnets = 2" = 2” = 128 Subnets Customized subnet mask = (/23)= 255.255.254.0 Range: =512 Network ID -- Broadcast ID © 172.16.0.0/23 —— 172.16.1.255/23 © 172.16.2.0/23 —~ 172.16.3.255/23 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 51© 172.164.0723 —~ 172.165.255/23 © 172.16.6.0/23 —— 172.16.7.255/23 © 172.16.254.0/23 —-172.16.255.255/23 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 52ag ef Jest, Vs Belg — (0 -68538) Hae AGN. HE aston‘ ih one (o04-@) refs Coo opr — Valid hes Mase ASAT. 282-0 helo : Coo bs » Ib-lo #6 nds « SP Fort Ns = lots fon NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 53Renge — ah 9). lazy Ink 0-0 |x (12. lb 9-0 [Ie 3-286 4o | 12s, to | hase [be | bur (7+ 69520 a 0s FLSM: Example—4 Req = 4000 hosts using B-class address network 172.16.0.0/16 2>=req BY 2>~ 4000 4096 ~ 2 >= 4000 4094>= 4000 Host bits required (h) = 12 Converted network Bits (n) = Total. H. Bits ~ req. H. Bits jo 12=4 Converted network Bits (n)= 4 Total. N. Bits = default N bits + converted N bits =16+4= /20 Hosts/Subet = 2°-2 = 2-2 = 4096-2 = 4094 Hosts/Subet Subnets = 2" = 2" = 16 Subnets Customized subnet mask = (/20)= 255.255.2400 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 54Range: 2"= 2” = 4096 Network ID Broadcast ID © 172:160.0/20 = 172.16.15.255/20 © 172:16:160/20 = 172.1631.258/20 © 172:16.32.0/20 — 17216.47:255/20 © 172:1648.0/20 = 172.16.63.258/20 © 172:1664.0/20 —17216.79.255/20 © 172.16.240.0/20 == 172.16.255.255/20 FLSM: Example Req = 2000 hosts using A-class address network 10.0.0.0/8 2-2 >= req 2000 2-2 >= Range: Host bits required. (h Converted network Bits (n) = Total. H. Bits ~ req. H. Bits =4—1=13 Converted network Bits (n) Total. N. Bits = default N bits + converted N bits = 8+ 13 = /21 13 Hosts/Subnet = 2"-2 = 2"-2= 2048-2 = 2046 Hosts/Subnet Subnets 2" = 8192 Subnets Customized subnet mask = (/21) = 255.255.248.0 Network ID ‘= Broadcast ID 10.0.0.0/21 : 10.0.7.255/21 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 55© 10.0.8.0/21 © 10.0.16.0/21 © 10.0.248.0/21 © 10.1.0.0/21 © 10.1.8.0/21 © 10.1.16.0/21 © 10.1.248.0/21 © 10.2.0.0/21 © 102.8.0/21 © 10.2.16.0/21 © 10.2.248.0/21 © 10,255.0.0/21 © 10.255.8.0/21 © 10.255.16.0/21 © 10.255.248.0/21 10.0.15.255/21 10.0.23.255/21 10.0.255.255/21 10.1.7.255/21 10.1.15.255/21 10.1.23.255/21 10.1.255.255/21 10.2.7.255/21 10.2.15.255/21 10.2.23.258/21 10.2.255.255/21 = 10.0.7.255/21 = 10.0.15.255/21 10.0.23.255/21 10.255.255.255/21 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 56Rese — he ag lay Wiki > kaa] fechas: Dayer[lgooefhads Now HH choy (EL ~ gre : dey i a . a Be 2 2 yoo f. bl ae Way -2 2 Gnyuatase Qos. 265. [ao + AGH lye bs = F +10 >| Sones wal eg. [oz sionals NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 57fe fo -267 oo 77 fo at 63 250° 6a nw to eu air - ee lash arose FLSM: Example—6 Req = 32000 hosts using A-class address network 10.0.0.0/8 2-2 >: req 2-2 >= 32000 32768 — 2 >= 32000 32766 >= 32000 © Host bits required (h)= 15 © Converted network Bits (n) = Total. H. Bits ~ req. H. Bits =m 15 =9 © Converted network Bits (n) = 9 © Total. N. Bits = default N bits + converted N bits = 8+9=/17 © Hosts/Subnet = 2"-2 = 2%—2= 32768-2 = 32766 Hosts/Subnet © Subnets 2 = 512 Subnets NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 58+ Customized subnet mask = (/17) = 255.255.1280 Range: 2" = 32768 Network ID — Broadcast ID © 100.0.0/17 se 10.0.127.255/17 © 10.0.128.0/17 10.0.255.255/17 © 101.00/17 10.1.127.255/17 © 10.1.128.0/17 ss 10.1.255.255/17 © 102.0017 ses 10.2.127.255/17 © 10.2.128.0/17 ses 10.2.255.255/17 * 103.00/17 10.3.127.255/17 © 103.128.0/17 ses 10.3.255.255/17 © 104.0.0/17 se 10.4.127.255/17 © 10.4.128.0/17 ss 10.4.255.255/17 * 105.0.0/17 ve 10.5.127.255/17 © 105.128.0/17 10.5.255.255/17 © 10.255.0.0/17 a 10.255.127.255/17 © 10.255.128.0/17 s+ 10.255.255.255/17 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 59FLSM exercises MOA. C-Class Requirment 50 hosts © Requirment 100 hosts © Requirment 30 hosts B- Class © Requirment 1,000 hosts © Requirment 4,000 hosts Requirment 500 hosts Acclass Requirment 16,000 hosts © Requirment 32,000 hosts | Nolve t+ Roperen fobs: NGI _ ~~ 0Tha dy of Lovthhy Nbher eres jfpemehen rt (42 -(g. “A i 6 .8.8-3 26 280 Dy is NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 60Value in Subnet mask OA. | loot oe Is [z2: —> a HF S20 lle hs: lig - ef. 8-3 hari ag” yy oe BH in, Ine: is - [nt —— NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 61/value 2s 28 ns 70 as mn ro ns n9 a ns bits. 8881 sae 8885 8886 88.70 8.860 8.840 8.8.20 3830 87.00 Subnet mask XA, 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 255.255.2540 255.255.2520 255.255.2400 255.255.1920 255.255.2240 255.255.1280 255.254.0.0 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_noasolutions.com Page 62Neale ro ns ns as ng ns rs 10 2 88.4.0 88.2.0 88.7.0 88.8.1 883.0 8884 8885 8886 88.60 ‘Subnet mask 255.255.240.0 255.255.192.0 255,255.254.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.224.0 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 255.255.252.0 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 63VLSM 5 a beaQan.-223 Yor Bm Vist hobs LF ew ately Or 23%} 28 To hosts, {00 lo C—c lass GOGO oe Drea afloo) age Yo pone b gh 2 2 ber 32-2 (3) zie =req, D2 Zh Canes * Vaiidhess N-N-N. Gyo 0000 eee) Ninn. Gp 000000 |p 5 g oP N.N.N - Go000000 Pee tao |e DI 2H 266 224 eee 1 zfs | B52 ay Br Q55 «265 96°. he Jey = 20 My alo ; a2 £2 -(*) 32-2 + &) NALIN 9p 0.020 N-ALN. Gygo D000 Frere y +e Bre Ss [axl a6r ag 265 Bre 2g 2H 280 224 lL NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 64Reng. - ake o%epg A> [l4r-be- 4-Ofas =» PO Mee 1-12 bs: ‘ CH2%) 2G => [T4r 8-1-1296 Ir ey «fan foo a 2@> Tar (eet - (42for alae lee 222 hs 2% = [r- r+ © NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions com Page 65LSM Examples Below you can find some of the sample scenario diagram where it mentions the reqquirments (Ie No of hosts) 1 2 ‘woh ‘um 2 sae aseeTIN rf accounts 192.168.20724 ee 192.168.1.0726 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 66192.1601.40726 Sees co hete MARKETING "nat oes 192.1601 726 120 hosts 100 hosts 60 hosts 30 hosts 30 hosts 20 hosts NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 67200 hosts 172,16,6.0/24 6.0 t0 6.255 4.0 to 5.255 Branch 60 hosts 172,16.9. 200 hosts 172,16.7.0/24 7.0 t0 7.255 Aa 8 c ° E 100 hosts 50 hosts 172,16.8.128/25 172,16,9.64/26 172,16.9.160/27 8.128 to 8.255, 9.64 t0 9.127 9.160 40 9.191, NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 68VLSM — B-class MOA, Req — 4000, 1000, 500, 200 o-Rcbss Heoo ine | sé0/ 52— [2 =/20 BL —les fr a Iooy | Fe m4 i Bhavs laz-te- [oe -le-15-3 b 0 > SF ao 2 oe. % ‘ 156 ask lose => Ubleua Sib > rte VLSM Exercises A. C- class Req 100, 50, 20, 10 © Req 120, 40,12, 4 B-Class Req 4000, 1000 , 500, 200 Req 16000, 2000 , 200, 120, 100 A-class Req 132000, 8000 , 1000, 500, 200 Req 4000, 200 , 120 , 60, 30, 12, 10 a [216-1 Ora 27 [2P +16. 19: 25H, [28 +16-20-0f4 => [28 «16+ 29-255 e Ise 5 Ihe [2e +16 2a-ofy > 128+ o- 22-285h NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www .noasolutions.com Page 69Subnetting Questions M2A., Find subnet-mask , Range (network ID and Broadcast ID) , Valid Host, Subnets 192.168.10.145/26 200.10.10.215/27 150.12.110.10/25 112.10.78.40/22 50.1.112.10/21 28.10.145.10/18 150.50.50.50/23 100.10.185.10/20 172.16.221.10/19 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_noasolutions.com Page 70Introduction to Switch & Router Cisco Switch OA. Provides centralized location to connect devices with in the LAN. Switch Te NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 71Cisco Routers OA. Device connecting two or more LAN = Hyderabad Bengaluru Media Types 1. Copper cables ( UTP & Co-axial) 2. Fiber Optic cables 3. Wireless ( RF signals) NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 72UTP cable NA. + Used for connecting devices within the LAN + Support distance of maximum 100 mts + straight or cross cables based on alignment of wires inside RJ45 jack Me UTP straight cable color coding MOA, White/orange - White/orange ce Orange : Orange nn White/green White/green ——EEa Pius - Bie ——— 4 Whiteblue — - White/biue ————, Green : Green 6 1. White/brown — - White/brown —— Brown : brown <= NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 73UTP straight cable used to connect between dis-similar devices i” e323 o-§ os 3 o- 5 UTP cross cable color coding MOA, Whitevorange — - Whitergreen Pe crossover Fo mH 17% Orange : green kel ie Whitergreen — - White/orange aay 0 Blue - Blue a 4 Whiteblue — - White/blue 5 A Green : orange ms ame White/brown — - White/brown 1 Brown - brown ——= NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 74UTP cross cable used to connect between similar devices Co-axial Cable OA. ‘Commonly used in television + Also used in LAN & WAN connections + Supports distance in between 200 ~ 500 mts NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 75Fiber Cables MOA. ‘+ Mostly used in WAN connections for longer distances.( 2 ~ 60 Kms) + Uses light signals + Can send signals over longer distances and at higher bandwidths. Wireless LAN » Connecting devices with in the LAN Without wire > uses RF signals ( ») — ee es das = NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 76Basic LAN setup » Connect 4 computers in the LAN using Switch » Configure IP addressing on all PC using 192.168.1.0/24 network, » Check Connectivity between all the PC using Ping command Cisco Routers A. Device connecting two or more LAN SEE Hyderabad Bengaluru NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 77Router Vendors in the market MOA, Many companies are manufacturing Router : Cisco Juniper Nortel Multicom, Cyclades Diink Linksys 3Com Cisco’s Hierarchical Design Model ton OA. Access Layer Router Distribution Layer Router Core Layer Router ices Aaategoton 2 i i Ss ee | er covets 3800 Series oe i= ee ‘eoreaton NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 78Cisco Hierarchal design NA. w Core (stv es Luge, 108, 7209, Bove, oor, °°, 1ove % Cb Ore mF Dishinhon. AKSZS Cl > Protasing| Ear pcos] 5 hate evra 5 = Grmecions ~ Boa ) 00 [Bee ge, 2500) ~ Tre gie~ Access Layer Router WN OA, Used at small end locations » Can handle less traffic and less number of ports. Router Series : 800, 1000, 1600,1700, 1800,1900,2500 Cisco 1700 ‘Cisco 800 —_ oo NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_noasolutions.com Page 79Distribution Layer Router NGA, re te hobo » Used at main branch offices and Head offices Router Series : 2600, 2800,2900, 3200, 3600, 3700, 3800, 3900 isco2201 cisco2@l1 isco 2821 cicoaen Cisco 2800 Series integrated Services Routers ge ce MOA. » Used by service providers and at main head offices. » Processing traffic at very high speed Router Series : 6400, 7200, 7300, 7400, 7500, 7600,10000, 12000, Cisco 7000 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 80Cisco XR 12000 Series Routers Router Classification NA, FIXED ROUTER MODULAR ROUTER All ports are integrated on motherboard, (00 Slots) Have Slots where you can add or remove cards ‘© Non Upgradable cannot add and remove | © Distbuton and Core Layer Routers the interfaces cxample of Modular Router '& 2500, 800 series routers ‘© 1600,1700,1800, 2600,2800,3600;3700 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 81External Ports of Router M2A., LAN , WAN, admin ports External Ports of Router NA. LAN Ports: (RJ45) WAN ports Ethernet 10 Mbps Serial ports © Fast Ethernet 100 Mpbs . o *: 60 pin or 26 pin smart serial Gig Ethernet 1000 Mbps ~ —_ — y 4 Power Power Cord Pons Pot Pot” Switch Connection NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 82es NA. > Ieis RJ4s Port » Used for local administration ,Initial Configuration, Password Recovery. aaeeeesins ch 4 i Console Cable ele wate com HyperTerminal NA, Application used to see the Command line of a router via console fea c.R- RIP, M- ecile, @ - BOP 0, EEG Bc heir.“ Orin” Otter rep ASF WEAN external wet: We OSE AB enteral Tope 3 is 1518 towel, 1s sibel 12" 0,0)8-078 thal vio 198 16810'1 iscola6a1N. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 83Auxiliary Port XA, » Its an RJ-s5 port » Used for remote administration, » Uses the console cable connecting to modem 2500 Cisco router A. User Sevan i ares owe Sch covace ‘vty ower ono or Spt NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 84Attachment Unit Interface MOA. » Commonly found on some old platforms (2500) » AUL pin configuration is 15 pin port ( Ethernet LAN using 15 Pin instead of Riss) » Transceiver is used for converting 8 wires to 15 wires. Le. RJ4s to 15 pin converter. — Summary - External Ports of a Cisco Router A. plapaqoreciegemnmmns LAN interfaces - Ethernet AUI (Attachment Unit Interface) (E0)~ 15 pin for Fan” “ree” Seay Eason robaseT ~ RJ4s WAN interfaces Sera interface (S0, $1, 50/0, 50/1, s0/0/0)~ 60 pln/26 pin (smart sera) ISDN interface (BRI) ~ RJ45 (used for ISDN wan connections ) Administration interfaces ‘Console — R45 ~ Local Administration Auwllary ~ RJ4s ~ Remote Administration NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 85Internal Components MOA. ROM Toads the bootstrap programs and searches for the OS ( Flash/TFTP/ROM) FLASH Stores 105 NVRAM ‘Stores configurations (permanent) Startup-config Internal Flash Memory (Compact Flash) RAM ‘Stores Configurations (temporary) Running-config Booting process of cisco router NA, POST Post Dew nt cnet a ROM loads the bootstrap programs and searches for the TOS (Flash/TFTP/ROM) FLASH Stores 105 NVRAM ‘Stores configurations (permanent) Startup-config RAM ‘Stores Configurations (temporary) Running-config NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 86‘5. Locate the Configuration fle 6, Execute the Configuration fle 7. Enter Setup Mode 1. Performing the POST and Loading the Bootstrap Program © The power-on self test (POST) is a process that occurs on almost every computer when it boots. The POST is used to test the router hardware. © After the POST, the bootstrap program is loaded. The bootstrap program locates the Cisco IOS and loads it nto RAM. 2. Locating and Loading the IOS Software © The location of the IOS file is specified by the value of the configuration register setting. The bits in this, setting can instruct the device to load the IOS file from the following locations: = Flash memory =A TFTP server © To load the IOS normally from flash, the configuration register setting should be set to ox2102. 3. Locating and Executing the Startup Configuration File or Entering Setup Mode © After the IOS is loaded, the bootstrap program searches for the startup configuration file (startup-config) in NVRAM. ‘© This file contains the previously saved configuration commands and parameters, including Interface addresses, Routing information , Passwords , other configuration parameters © If no configuration file is located, the router prompts the user to enter setup mode to begin the configuration process. © If a startup configuration file is found, a prompt containing a hostname will display. The router has successfully loaded the IOS and the configuration file. Integrated Services Router (ISR). ‘© Itgets its name because many of the services, like security, are built into it. It’s a modular device like the 2600, ‘© butit’s much faster and a lot more sleek—it’s elegantly designed to sup-port a broad new range of interface options. '* 800,1800,2800,3800, 1900,2900,3900, NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 87Test your s ‘© What is the color ~coding for straight and cross cables. ‘+ Identify the correct cable used for physical connections in the LAN. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 88‘© What is the difference between fixed and modular routers? ‘© List the series of ISR routers? ‘© What are the common external ports on cisco routers? * What is use of console & Auxillary ports? ‘+ Explain the booting process on cisco routers? NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 89Basic commands on Cisco Routers Router Modes, Assign Passwords Console Connectivity using Com (Rs232 ) port NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 90Console Connectivity using COM- USB port on Laptops - Terminal Emulation Programs Software available for connecting to a networking device. » HyperTerminal » PuTTY » Tera Term » SecureCRT » OSX Terminal NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 91HyperTerminal for console access HyperTerminal for console access \stenay of last resort is 192.168.10.1 to nateork te stl herve st 122.168.20-1 o0:0:22, Fat tharnatO este thernet@/t 94, FastEthernetO/0 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 92Putty Software for Console access of router 10S Mode Hierarchical Structure | OA, NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 93Modes on Cisco Routers NA, Setup Mode :~ + WENVRAM is lane User Mode: Only some basic monitoring Privileged Mode:- * moitorng and some troubleshooting Global Configuration mode:- All Configurations tha effec the router ball Interface mode:- * Configurations done on te specie Ineface Rommon Mode: Reverting Password Setup Mode NEA, . > IENVRAM is blank (router without configurations) > new router or erase startup-configurations » Skip setup mode using No option, lcseco 1241 (revision 5.0) with 114608K/16304R bytes of memory. [2 Fastethernet/iEEe 802.3 intortace(s) six byees of MRAM. e340aR bytes of ATA Conpact¥iach (Read/Write) RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc?) Isecnnica support: ‘heen: //in.cizcs.com/techeupport [copyright (c) 1986-2009 by cisco systens, Tne. [Sonpiled wea 18-ssi-07 04752 by petesm with configuration dialog? (yes/no): wien configuration diatog? (yes/no): leiaco 108 sotevare, 104) Software (Ci841-ADVIPSERVICESKO-M), Version 12.4(15)71, NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 94Router> User Mode: Only some basic monitoring Router>show flash System flash directory: File Length Namerstatus 3 5571588 c2soo--nu.122-28bin (5827403 bytes used, 58188981 avallable, 64016384 total] £65466K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write) Router>sh ip interface brief Incertace IP-Addrest OK? Method Status Protocol FastBthemet’o —unasigned YES unset administratively down down FrastBthemeto —unasgned YES unset administratively down down’ ares NA eS nn AA. 10S tum) C2so0 Software (C2s001-M), Version 12.228), RELEASE SOFTWARE (ks) Technical Suppore hp: /wowcisco.comtechsupport Copy (196-2008 by cco Systems, Ine. Compiled Wed 27-Apr-08 1901 by miang Image texc-base: n0080C, database: oHB0A FECC ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.3772, RELEASE SOFTWARE (et) CCopyigh (e200 by cso Systems, nc. ROM: C24an Software (C2400+-M), Version 12208), RELEASE SOFTWARE (cs) ‘sytem retuned to ROM by reload Stem mage les *Mase2o-bma.122-28bla® sco 2621 (MPCs) proceso (revision x20) with so4T6K/S12K bytes of memory Processor board ID JADos MTZ (20207955) Maeo processor: part number 0, mask #9 Bridging software. X25 software, Veron 300 2 FastEherneVEEE 602.3 inerfacet) 32K bytes of non-volatle configuration memory {3485K bytes of ATA CompactFlash Read/Write) Configuration register is 212 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 95Router>ping 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 0 percent (0/3) Router>traceroute 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to1..1. Privilege Mode OA. » Complete monitoring Router # » All show commands, Copy , erase commands Router> enable Router # Router # show flash Router # show version Router sshow ip interface brief Routers ping 1.1.1.1 Router # traceroute 50.1.1.1 Router # show running-config (configs in RAM) Router # show startup-config, (configs in NVRAM) Router # Copy (save configurations) Router # erase {erase configurations) NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 96Changing Hostnames MOA. ‘Without names, network devices are difficult to identify for configuration purposes. Hyderabad Bengaluru Global configuration mode NA, Router # Router # configure terminal Router (config) # Router (config) # hostname NOA NOA (config) # Hostnames allow devi ‘to be identified by network adi ators over a network NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 97Assigning Passwords XA, Ry Console Pore Sane » Console > Auxiliary > VTY line (telnet) Rollover pyasto ppg COmPUtEE lov R45 DBS rw uP rs Using VTY line for Telnet NA, *+ Telnet protocol allow you to access remote device + Telnet uses VTY line on cisco devices Hyderabad Bengaluru NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 98Prerequisite for Telnet access XA, » Connectivity > IP address > VTY line must be configured with passwords. & | “Gg i K Hyderabad Bengaluru NOTE: we can verify telnet practically once we cover some topics relating to connectively and IP addressing Assigning console password: Router(config) # line con 0 Router(config-line) # password (line mode) Router(config-line) # login Router(config-line) # exit Assigning Auxiliary password: Router(config) # line aux 0 Router(config-line) # password Router(config-line) # login (line mode) Router(config-line) # exit NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 99Assigning Telnet password: MOA. Router(config) # line vty 0 4 Router(config-line) #password (line mode) Router(config-line) #login Router(config-line) #exit Enable Password A. Router> enable Router> enable Router # Password: Router # Router(config) # enable password ‘The password will be saved in cleartext OR Router(config) # enable secret “The password wil be saved In encrypted text, NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 100Encrypting all Password Display OA, (config)# service password-encryption Banner Messages MOA, (config)# banner motd # NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 101Tosavethe conferaton XA., Router # copy running-config_startup-config (OR) Router # write memory (OR) Router # write Erase all Configurtions NOA # erase startup-config NOA # reload NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 102LAB: BASIC CONFIGURATIONS AND VERIFICATIONS Console Connectivity using Com (Rs232 ) port Ras Console Port ‘Caeser Rollover ‘Computer Ry-45 to DBS Cable "Converter Console Connectivity using COM- USB port on Laptops NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 103Terminal Emulation Programs Software available for connecting to a networking device. » HyperTerminal » PuTTY » Tera Term » SecureCRT » OSX Terminal HyperTerminal for console access NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 104HyperTerminal for console access Fesseord lfsee Tebttsh ip coute lees“ Metonecheds“S — static. R— RIP. M_— mobile, 8 — OOP be SAice eh ea el EL = OSPE external” Type 1."£2' OSPF external type 2 0° Ok, P “"periodie' dowloaded static route” wre [sstenoy of last resort is 192.168.10.1 to network 0.0.0.0 ER Rae ie dill cect fatienitt penis SMITA LEE 1. wso-x, rater |S=__0,0,0.070 (1/0) vio 192.168.i0.1 eeu teenes Putty Software for Console access of router NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 105TASK: © Connect the router via Console cable on console port ( as per diagram) © POWER on the router and observe the booting Process (sample Output shown below) ‘System Bootstrap, Mersiom/2:1(0)T2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 2000 by cisco Systems, inc. {eisco|2621 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x200) with 6O416K/5120K bytes of memory Self decompressing the image: EEE EEE [OK] Restricted Rights Legend Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (© of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph (©) (1) Gi) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013. cisco Systems, Inc. 1170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, California 95134-1706 Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software 105 cm 250 Software (Caeoo-M); Version 12218) RELEASE SOFTWARE (cs) Technical Support: http://www.clsco.convtechsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by cisco Systems, Inc, ‘Compiled Wed 27-Apr-04 19:01 by mlwang {sco_R62T(MPCS6O) rOCESOE (revision ox200) with BOATBK/SYROK bytes of memory Processor board ID JADos190MTZ (4292691495) ‘Maso processor: part number 0, mask 49 Bridging software. 25 software, Version 3.0.0. ‘System Configuration Dialog Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/n % Please answer "yes! of ’no’ Continue with configuration dialog? [Y@s/HiG)H6 Router> Router>show flash System flash directory: File Length Name/status 3 5571504 easoodemai2228bin [5827403 bytes used, 58186981 available, 64076384) KOtal NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 10663488K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write) Router>show version Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-I-M), Version 12.2(28), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc5) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.convtechsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 27-Apr-04 19:01 by miwang Image text-base: 0x8000808C, data-base: ox80A1FECC. ROM: System Boowtrap, MaSIOINBALT, RELEASE SOFTWARE (1) ‘Copyright (c) 2000 by cisco Systems, Inc. ROM: C2600\Software (C2600-1-M), ‘Version 12.2(28), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fcs) System returned to ROM by reload System Image file Is (€sC6|2621 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x200) with BOATEK/SI2OK bytes of memory Processor board ID JADos190MTZ (4292691495) ‘Maso processor: part number 0, mask 49 Bridging software. X.25 software, Version 3.0.0. Configuration register is 0x2102 Router>sh ip interface brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o. unassigned YES unset administratively down down FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down’ Router>ping 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate Is 0 percent (0/3) Router>traceroute 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 1.1.1.1 To enter in to privilege mode Router> enable By typing the clock ?command, you'll get a list of the next possible parameters and what they do. Notice that you should just keep typing a command, a space, and then a question mark until (carriage return) is your only option If you're typing commands and receive NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 107To enter in to privilege mode Routers configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. TO change the Hostname of the router Router(config hostname HYDERABAD HYDERABAD (config) TO ASSIGN CONSOLE PASSWORD HYDERABAD(configyline console 0 HYDERABAD(config-line}password cisco123 HYDERABAD(config-line}#login HYDERABAD(config-line)vend SSYSECONFIG_ Configured from consol by conse HYDERABADSs exit HYDERABAD cono is now available Press RETURN to get started. User Access Verification (Enter the console password which was configured) HYDERABAD> HYDERABAD>enable HYDERABADs conf terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. HYDERABAD(configy line vty 0 4 HYDERABAD(config-line)# password ccna123 HYDERABAD(config-line) login HYDERABAD(config-line)# exit HYDERABAD(config enable password ccnp123 HYDERABAD(configi# exit HYDERABAD# exit HYDERABAD cono Is now available Press RETURN to get started. NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 108User Access Verification Password: (Enter the console password which was configured) HYDERABAD> enable Password: (Enter the enable password which was configured) HYDERABAD# HYDERABADs show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 480 bytes version 12.2 no service timestamps log datetime msec no service timestamps debug datetime msec no service password-encryption hostname HYDERABAD HYDERABADs configure terminal HYDERABAD(configh’ enable secret ccie123, HYDERABAD(configh exit HYDERABADs show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 527 bytes version 12.2 ice timestamps log datetime msec ice timestamps debug datetime msec no service password-encryption hostname HYDERABAD enable secret 5 s1SmERrs2fi7pDdaaX2RITSDyT¢DY enable password ccnp123 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 109HYDERABAD» erase startup-config Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all configuration filest Contin? [ORI] [OK] Erase of nvram: complete HYDERABADS reload Proceed with reload? [confirm] 90SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested by console. Reload Reason: Reload Command. System Bootstrap, Version 12.1(3r)T2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc) Copyright (c) 2000 by cisco Systems, Inc. clsco 2621 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x200) with 60416K/5120K bytes of memory Self decompressing the Image : ER RHA TR HATER RRA RHe IAT Ona RHE ARE NEKORHRA HE aHEReHOHnRHAHEHAE [OK] Restricted Rights Legend Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (©) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph (©) (1) Gi of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013. cisco Systems, Inc. 1170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, California 95134-1706 Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software JOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-I-M), Version 12.2(28), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fes) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.convtechsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 27-Apr-04 19:01 by miwang cisco 2621 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x200) with 60416K/5120K bytes of memory Processor board ID JADosi90MTZ (4292891495) Mgeo processor: part number 0, mask 49 Bridging software. X.25 software, Version 3.0.0. 2 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. 63488K bytes of ATA CompactFlash (Read/Write) NOTE: The router enters in to setup mode as the startup-config been erased NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 110NA. Inter-connecting devices LAN & WAN Cisco Switch OA. Provides centralized location to connect devices with in the LAN. Switch Te NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 111Cisco Routers OA. Device connecting two or more LAN ——SE= Hyderabad Bengaluru NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 112WAN Connection Types MOA. ‘Synchronous Serial Leased Line eae —#—"_@ Asynchronous Serial, ISDN Layer 1 ~4 Telephone Se _ Company Circuit-Switched Se ‘Synchronous Serial Packet-Switched e=- Service Ss Provider Modern WAN Connections A. > MPLS, » Metro Ethernet » Virtual Private Network ( VPN) > DSL » Cable » VSAT More on these Technologies will be discussed in WAN Technologies NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 113LAN = 100.008 ff a LAN- 200008 BANGLORE. V.35 modems & Cabl No pair 5 Cit A.. Gd-3 WakoWsnere NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 114Serial Point-to-Point Connections NEA, “Dene” = ore = @ csur DCE ose eee = Provider EAMAa32 BAMA “V3E) X21 ELAS . Network Connections at the CSU/DSU Data Termination Equipment Data Communication Equipment » Accept locking (ie. Speed). Generate clocking (be. Speed). + Example of DTE device in Leased Example of DCE device in Leased line line setup : Router setup : V.35 & G.703 Modem & «Example of DTE device in Dial up RRR ROAR setup : Computer Example of DCE device in Dial up setup : Dialup Modem NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 115Dial-up Internet access over Telco Computer ~ DTE Modem - DTE | Leased Lines ore bce bee ca MOA, NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 116Lab Setup N® AN ober ‘A Back to Back Cable is used which emulates the copper wire, modems and MUX, the complete exchange setup. Wan Representation V..35 Back to Back Cable Assigning IP address on Cisco routers NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 117All the LAN and WAN should be in different networks (or should not repeat the same networks). Rules to assign the IP address to the router: 2 Router Ethernet IP and the LAN network assigned should be in the same network. +. Both the interfaces of router facing each other should be in the same network. «All the interfaces of routers should be in the different network. 1) All the LAN and WAN should be in different networks (or should not repeat the same networks). Rules to assign the IP address to the router: son usore wervazo rsauasoz — wasescor| fran, von32 woes assay 9206842 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 118Rules to assign the IP address to the router: 7 Mf SA. 2) Router Ethernet IP and the LAN network assigned should be in the same network. sae9.3300| ames reaeazae faree3, yeae32 srane0 aes wna Rules to assign the IP address to the router: ™ 2A. 3) Both the interfaces of router facing each other should be in the same network. waass seat 12862. wervazor isauasor waseecor| fra, ren32 wasesa asses 192216842 NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 119Rules to assign the IP address to the router: 4)All the interfaces of router should be in different networks. was aera sae9.3300 rey weaeazae wae, yon832 om, 192.168.14 ‘eee. 192.168.4.1 192.168.4.2 Assigning IP address as per rules a NW GA. yoneesa copa) 19216862 waza yoa.10/4 vane204 wr168.13 aaa voaee21 pana NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 120Assigning IP address on Cisco routers M2A., Router(config) # interface Router(config-if) # ip address Router(config-if) # no shutdown att’ sia pes s92.s082.0/24 Assigning IP address on Cisco routers OA. Ri(config) # interface fastethernet 0/0 Ri(configif # ip address. 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 Ri(configi # no shutdown mito Ri(config) # interface serial 0/0, Ri(config-ip # Ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.00 Ri(config-if # no shutdown Ri(config-if| # Clock rate 64000 + Clock rate command only applicable in lab scenarios as we are using back to back v.35 cables + In real world, we use v.35 modems which generate clocking . NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 121DTE- DCE v.35 cable NA, + Back to back cable will be one side DTE and other side DCE + Clock rate command applies only on interface facing DCE. R-vashow ip interface brief Incertace TPAdéees OK? Method Stas Protocol FustEthemero/o _192.1468:.300 YES manual up wp FastEthemeto unassigned YES unset admintratvely down down Seton wooa) YES manual up wp Serisor tunauigned YES unset_—_administratively down down NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 122Assigning IP address on Cisco routers M2A., Ro(config) # interface fastethernet 0/0 Ra(config-iN # ip address 192.168.2.100 255.255.255.0 Ra(config-i|# no shutdown Reconfig)# interface serial 070 Ra(config-if # Ip address 10.0.0.2 255000 "Seer Ra{config- # no shutdown Raxconfig-i #exit Verify IP address OA. Retwshow ip interface brief Inerface [PAdéres OK? Method Stans Protocol FatEthemeto 192.148.1300 YES manual up FrstEthemeto unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serio wooo1 YES manual up wp Seriaor tunasigned YES unset_——_adminsratvey down down Reveping 10.002 A ‘Type escape sequence to abort. ss ieee ‘Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 100.02, timeout is 2 seconds: ‘Success rate fs 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/8/17 ms NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 123Assigning IPv4 Address to a Hosts in LAN NA, eng? seem est cw Son tetsmry ee a wt wd sue tetierg De seme Dust eeg net NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 124LAB: BASIC IP CONFIGURATION: 80/0 Foo 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.2.2 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.2 TASK: 1. Design the topology as per the above diagram 2. Configure Ip address as per the diagram and rules 3. Verify the Interface status using command #4 show ip interface brief ON ROUTER -1 Router> enable Routers configure terminal Router (config) # hostname R-1 Re(config)s interface fastEthernet 0/0 Rei(configeif Ip address 192.168.1.100 255.255.2550 R-(config-tf)# no shutdown R-1(config-if}! ‘*LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up ‘»LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEtherneto/o, changed state to up Rer(config-eexit Rer(confighsinterface serial 0/0 Rer(config-N#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 R-i(config-if no. shutdown Rex(config-ify+ clock rate 64000 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 125NOTE: clock rate is only required in the lab scenario as we are using a back to back cable instead of the real exchange where the modems will be installed which will generate the clocking here clock rate has to be generated manually using clock rate command R-1#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtheneto/1 _unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down ON ROUTER -2 Router> enable Routers configure terminal Router(config hostname R-2 R-2(configys interface fastEthernet 0/0 R-2(config-if} Ip address 192.168.2.100 255.255.2550, R-2(config-tfino shutdown R-2(config-ifiexit R-2(conflgy Interface serlal 0/0 R-2(config-ifvip address 10.0.2 255.0.0.0 R-2(config-iéno shutdown R-2(config-if}s clock rate 64000 R-2#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol Fast emet7o,T92-1E8:2.700EYES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 _unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Retshow ip interface brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o—_192.168.1.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 _unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo“o 1000.1 YESmanualup| up Serialo/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Rezeping 10.0.0. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 126Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.0.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds: '), round-trip min/avg/max = 2/4/8 ms NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 127Basic IP address configuration — 3 routers XA, Ri(confg)# interface fastethernet 0/0 Ri(config-i) # Ip address. 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 eee Ri(config # interface serial 0/0 Ri(configi0 # Ip address 10.001 255.000 Rr(configi # no shutdown Riconfigi) # Clock rate 64000 Basic IP address configuration — 3 routers NEA, wast Ro{config# Interface serial 0/0 Ra(confg) + Interface fastethernet 0/0 Ra{config ¢ Ipaddress 10.002 255.000 Ra(confg-if sip address 192.168.2.100 255.255.255.0 Ra{config # no shutdown Rafconfigi# exit Ra(config) + interface serial 0/1 Ra(confg-if # Ip address 11.001 285.000 Ra(confg-if# no shutdown Ra(confg-if + clock rate 64000 Ra(confg-if# no shutdown NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 128Basic IP address configuration — 3 routers XA, Rx(config) + Interface serial 0/0 Rx(configif)# Ip address 11.002 255.000 Rx(config-if # no shutdown (config: + exit Ra(confi)# Interface fastethemnet 0/0 Ra(configi# Ip address 192.168.3.100 255.255.2550 Ra(configif ¢ no shutdown. Verify IP address MOA, R-twshow ip interface brief Incerface TPAdéres OK? Method Stans Proeocol FtEthemeto 192.148.1300 YES manual up ry FrstEthemeto unsigned YES unset administratively down down Serdion wooo1 YES manual up wp Seraon tunasigned YES umset_——_adminstratvely down down, Reveping 10.002 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.002, timeout is 2 seconds Success rate is 100 percent (5/5, round-trip min/avg/max = 1/8/17 ms NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 129LAB: BASIC CONFIGURATION USING THREE ROUTERS 80/0 Foo 192.168.1.100 192.108.2.0724 192.108.3.0724 192.108.1.0/24 192,108.22 192.168.8.2 92.1683. 92.168. 192.168.1.4 168.1.2 ROUTER Router(configh hostname R-1 R-t(config interface fastEthernet 0/0 Rei(config-i Ip address 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 Re(config-if: no shutdown ‘*LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEtherneto/o, changed state to up ‘%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEtherneto/0, changed state to up Rer(config-iptexit Rer(confighinterface serial 0/0 Rei(config-Dtip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Re(config-ifino shutdown Ret(config-ifyi_ clock rate 64000 NOTE: © clock rate is only required in the lab scenario as we are using a back to back cable instead of the real exchange where the modems will be installed which will generate the clocking here clock rate has to be generated manually using clock rate command R-1#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/1 _unassigned YES unset_administratively down down Serialo/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down ROUTER -2 R-2>enable R-2(config) interface fastEthernet 0/0 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 130R-2(config-if ip address 192.168.2100 255.255.255.0 R-2(config-ifino shutdown R-2(config-ifwexit R-2(configy interface serial 0/0 R-2(config-If} Ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 R-2(config-iffino shutdown R-2(config-ifsclock rate 64000 R-2(configys interface serial 0/1 R-2(config-i ip address 11.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 R-2(config-ifys no. shutdown R-2(config-isclock rate 64000 R-2¥show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address__ OK? Method Status Protocol up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down ROUTER: 3 Router>enable Routersconf t Router(confighhostname R-3 R-x(config)rinterface fastEthernet 0/0 R-3(config-if} Ip address 192.168.3.100 255.255.255.0 R-3(config-tfino shutdown R-a(conflg-INexit R-3(confighsinterface serial 070 R-a(config-ifsip address 11.0.0.2 255.0.00 R-3(config-ifino shutdown R-3(config-ifsclock rate 64000 R-x(config-ifys end NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 131R-sishow ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/1 unassigned __ YES unset administratively down down Serialo/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down R-2aping 10.0.0.1 ‘Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.0.0.1, timeout Is 2 seconds: Sicces FAIEYIS(TOOIBEFERRIE(S/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/12/44 ms R-2#ping 11.0.0.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 11.0.0.2, timeout Is 2 seconds: Sites ALES TOOIBEFEERE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/7/20 ms NOTE: ‘Once the interfaces are up you should be able to ping to the directly connected interfaces of the other routers NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 132Basic IP configuration: Redundant connectivit roat6s.14 swa.s08.4.1 sor1ess.0)2 9.168244 : 92.1681. Twa.10s.s.0724 19216821 ya.169.22 102.168.2072 TASK: © Continue with the configurations done in the previous lab. © Connect Ri - R3 WAN link using any serial interface and assging IP address as per the diagram. Save the topology and configurations for future labs. Retish ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/0_192.168.1.100_ YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 10.001 YES manual up up Serialo/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down R-3iish ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o —_192.168.3.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 11.00.2 YES manual up up Serialo/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down R-1(confighsinterface serial 0/1 R-a(config-ifhiip address 12.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 R-1(config-if)ino shutdown R-t(config- R-t(config- NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 133Retiish ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtheneto/o—_192.168.1.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 10.001 YES manual up up R-3(confighinterface serial 0/1 R-3(config-iflp address 12.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 R-3(config-if#no shutdown R-3(config-ifwend R-3ish Ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o._192.168.3.100_ YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 11.002 YES manual up up R-swping 12.0.0. Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.0.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 134Troubleshooting Connectivity MOA. 1) Serial is up, line protocol is up sane ‘Connectivity is fine. a 2) Serial is down, line protocol is down, varauet remote device tuned off remote port is In shutdown state + Interface on the remote router has to be configured problem with connectivity 3) Serlal ls administratively down, line protocol is down local port isin shut down state + No Shutdown has to be given on the local router interface Troubleshooting Connectivity A. 4) Serta sup, tine protocol is down Encapsulation mismatch clock rate command not given on serial interface ( only applies in lab scenario ) using PPP , then authentication mismatch a2, We will come back to this slide after WAN protocols and PPP authentication process NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 135WAN PROTOCOLS NOAsormoms + Defines format of data to be send on the WAN links + Also referred as encapsulation + HDLC & PPP _ ; = - os ; HDLC PPP Higher level data link Control protocol Point to Point Protocol Default on serial links ‘Change to PPP. ‘Cisco Proprietary ‘Standard Protocol NO support Authentication, ‘Compression & error correction ‘Supports Authentication, compression & error correction NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions com Page 136a NPA Serialo/0 I up, line protocol is up (connected) Hardware is HD64570 Incemet address Is 10.00.18 ‘MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1568 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, wload 1/255, reload 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, Keepalive set (10 sec) R-(confightinterface serial 0/0 R-1(config-ifWencapsulation ppp Re-tash interfaces serial 0/0 Serialo/0 is up, lin protocol is down (disabled) Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.0.0.118 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, toad 1/255, reload 1/255 Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, Keepalive set (10 sec) PPP Authentication PAP CHAP Password Authentication Protocol ‘Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol 2 way handshake proces 2 way handshake proces Password i send in cleartext Password is send in encrypted text (D5) NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 137PAP vs CHAP —— bap alate oer Femoteroder | aay handanake | OMe rer Acceptireject Username: seve oie crap Rete] oa enae e change Response Hosname on Username sae ose ee AcceptReject Password: sien CHAP configuration on R1/R2 (On both Routers Rex(config)sinterface serial 0/0 Rex(config-iwencapsulation ppp R-x(config-ieppp authentication chap R-x(config-iexit Re1(configytusername R-2 password noa123 R-2(confightusername R-1 password noai23 Username must match the remote hostname NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 138PAP Configuration on R1 Re(confighrusername R-2 password noai23 Username must match the remote hostname Re(confightinterface serial 0/0 R-(configeitencapsulation ppp R-(config-ifappp authentication pap R-(config-ifppp pap sent-username R-1 password noai23 Rev(configeiiexit Username under interface must match the local hostname PAP Configuration on R2 NA. R.2(confightusername R-1 password noai23 Username must match the remote hostname Se R-2(config)tinterface serial 0/0 R-2(config-iencapsulation ppp R-2(config-iwppp authentication pap -2(config-i)#ppp pap sent-username R-2 password noai23 R-2(config-ifexit Username under Interface must match the local hostname NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 139Troubleshooting Connectivity XA, 4 Serlal i up, line protocol is down Encapsulation mismatch (PPP/HDLO) ‘lock rate command not given on serial interface (only applies in lab scenario ) Iusing PPP , then authentication mismatch (protocol username/password) NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 140LAB: PPP Authentication using CHAP so/o Fo/o 192.168.2.100 (192.168.1.0/24 Maree iand 192.168.2.2 192.168.1.3, 192.168.2.1 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.2 TASI © Continue with the same previous lab connecting R1/R2 where IP address is pre-configured. © configure R1/R2 to use PPP authentication using PAP Rev#sh ip int brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol Fasithemetoo “is21e8200 YES mania wp up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down ES manual up up Serialo/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Revwsh int s0/0 Serialo/o is up, line protocol is up (connected) Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.0.0.1/8 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Ericapstilation| HDLGy loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Configure PPP Authentication using CHAP on both R1/R2 TASI RVR2 Rex(configyint soo Rex(config-if}* encapsulation ppp Rex(config-if} ppp authentication chap Rex(configeif}s exit NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 141R-(confighusername R-2 password cisco123 R-2(config}tusername R-1 password clsco123 Re2ish Ip int brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o_192.168.2.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serlalo/o 1000.2 YES manual up up Serlalo/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down R-2aping 10.0.0.1 ‘Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.0.0.1, timeout Is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/5/14 ms NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 142LAB: PPP Authentication using PAP 192.168.2.100 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.2.2 192.168.1.3, 192.168.2.1 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.2 TASI * Continue with the same previous lab connecting R1/R2 where IP address Is pre-configured. * Remove the encapsulation PPP and reconfigure PPP Authentication using PAP. R-1(config)susername R-2 password cisco123, R-(configyint so/o R-1(config-ifeno encapsulation ppp R-1(config-if#encapsulation ppp R-1(config-i#ppp authentication pap R-1(config-i»ppp pap sent-username R-1 password cisco123 Reu(config-ifvend R-2ish ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o—_192.168.2.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 1000.2 YES manual up down Serialo/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down R-2(config)susername R-1 password cisco123 R-2(confighsint so/o R-2(config-if encapsulation ppp NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 143R-2(config-#ppp authentication pap R-2(config-#ppp pap sent-username R-2 password cisco123 R-2(config-Irend Re2ush Ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtheneto/o—_192.168.2.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1. unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialovo 10.002 YES manual up up Serialo/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Re2uping 10.0.0.1 ‘Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.0.0.1, timeout Is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 2/3/7 ms Test your skills: What is CSU/DSU? ‘What is the difference between DTE and DCE? Define the rules to assign the IP address to the router: ‘What is the syntax for assigning IP address on Cisco routers? Differentiate PPP & HDLC? Differentiate PAP & CHAP? What is the syntax for PAP & CHAP Authentication? What are the outputs we get using # show ip interface brief command and explain the possible isues to check while troubleshooting connectivity? NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 144Routing Static , Dynamic, Default Routing NA, » Forwarding of packets from one network to another network . » choosing the best path from the routing table. 000 ZEX 50.000 30000 49.000 Best path selection is based on the type of routing we are using ( static /Dynamic) NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 145Types of Routing 1, Static Routing 2. Default Routing 3. Dynamic Routing Static Routing A. » Best path is configured manually by Administrator » Mandatory need of Destination Network ID 20000 > Itis Secure « fast 10000 sooo Disadvantages Everything to manually 7 . Used for small network. so000 40.000 Network change effect complete network. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 146Configuring Static Route MOA. Router(config)# Ip route soo. wwasos2.0/28 Verification before static Routing OA. Rewishow Ip route =e C 100.0078 Is directly connected, Serialoro C_192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneta/0 PC>ping 192:1682.1 Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: wasent2 Reply from 192.168.1100: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 192.168.1100: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 192.168.1100: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 192.168.1100: Destination host unreachable. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 147Static Routing — 2 routers MOA. Rei(configh# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 ae wanna Gateway of last resort i not set CC 10.0.00/8is directly connected, Setiaio/0 CC 192.168:.0/241s directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 S__192.168.2.0/24(1/0} via 10.002 Static Routing — 2 routers A. R-2(confightip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 R-24show ip route weet an Gateway of last resort i not set wasn CC 10.0.00/8s directly connected, Seriaiovo S_192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 10.001 C_192.168.20/24is directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 148Ping & tracert MOA. PC>ping 192.1682. Pinging 192.1482.1 with 32 bytes of dat: Reply rom 192 168.21 byte Reply fro 192168.2.: bytes=32tine=21m TTL=126 Reply fom 192168. byese32tme=21m8 TTL=126 seasenzae PC>tracert 192.168.21 a “racing rout to 192.6821 over a maximum of 20 hops 2 ms ms ims 10002 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 149LAB: STATIC ROUTING soyo Fo/o 192.168.1.100 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.2.2 192.168.1.3 192.168.2.1 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.2 Pre-requirement for LAB (check previous labs) ‘* Design the topology ( connectivity ) ‘© Assign the IP address according to diagram © Make sure that interfaces used should be in UP UP state TASK: © Configure Static routing © Verify Routing table and reachability between the LAN’s ( using PING and TRACE commands ) Ret#show ip route Gateway of last resort is not set i is ect ly connected, Teatthemeto R-2ushow ip route Gateway of last resort is not set ic 4 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o NOTE: The above routing table displays only the networks which are directly connected ‘© By default router don’t know about the networks which are not directly connected and that the reason there is no reachability between the two LAN’s * So to provide reachability we need to implement any type of the routing NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 150PC> ipconfig IP Address. Subnet Mask. Default Gateway 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.100 PC>ping 192.168.2.1 Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply eply from 192.168.1.100: Destination host unreachal Reply from 192.168.1.100: Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 192.168. Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (00% ls), ‘© From the above output we can see there is no communication between 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.2.1 and they are on different networks. In order to communicate we need to implement any of the routing ( here in this we use static routing ) On R41 R-t(configh Ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.2550 10.0.0.2 R-t(configh end R-t#sh Ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 100.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C__192.168.1.0/26 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o On R2 R-2(config)sip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.00.1 R-2(confighkend R-2#show ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C_192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o PC>ipconfig IP Address. Default Gateway. : 192.168.1.100 PC>ping 192.168.2.1 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 151Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply fronias2ct6si2eis\bytes-32 tim Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time PC>ping 192.168.2.2 Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. eply from 192.168.2.2: bytes Reply from 192.168.2.2: byte: PC>tracert 192.168.2.1 Tracing route to 192.168.2.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: R-2eping 192.168.1.1 ‘Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: ae Success rate is TOOIPEFEERE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 10/15/18 ms NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 152LAB: STATIC ROUTING USING THREE ROUTERS S00 Foo 192.168.1.100 192.108.2024 192.108.3.0/24 192.108.1.0/24 ro2.1068.22 192,108.22 192.168.2.1 Tost ww2.s68.1.4 r92.168.1.4 192.168.1.2 Pre-requirement for LAB (check previous labs) ‘© Design the topology ( connectivity ) ‘© Assign the IP address according to diagram ‘© Make sure that interfaces used should be in UP UP state Tas © Configure Static routing ‘© Verify Routing table and reachability between the LAN’s (using PING and TRACE commands ) Retaésh ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C_192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-24sh ip route Gateway of last resort is not set CC 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C_11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 C__192.168.2.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-3ish Ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.0.0/8 Is directly connected, Serialo“o C _ 192.168.3.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEthemeto/o Router- 1 Re(conflgy Ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 Re(configy ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.002 Re(conflgy Ip route 11.000 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.2 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 153Router ~ 2 R-2(configyt Ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 R-2(configy ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 11.002 Router ~ 3 R-a(conflgy Ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.1 R-3(configy ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.2550 11.0.0.1 R-3(conflgy Ip route 10.0.0.0 255.000 11.0.0. Retsshow ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 0000/8 ieee coe connected, Serialo/o 192.168.1.0/24 Sage waive connected, FastEtherneto/o R-2ushow ip route C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C_11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 1192.168.2.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 R-3#show ip route 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C_192.168.3.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o PC>ipconfig IP Address. 192.1681. ‘Subnet Mash 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway. -2 192.168.1100 PC>ping 192.168.2.1 Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. eply from 192.168.2.1 Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=126 PC>ping 192.168.3.1 Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply fom 2:06:36 jt@-22 ne=27ms TTL=125 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 154Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 tim Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 tim PC>tracert 192.168.3.1 Tracing route to 192.168.3.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 5ms sms 8 Trace complete. R-t#ping_ 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout Is 2 seconds: Sites rates ‘Toolpercent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 9/16/31 ms R-3#ping 192.168.1.1 Type escape sequence t0 abort. Sending 5, 1o0-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: ae Success rate is FOOIBEFEERE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 10/15/18 ms NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 155Routing lookup MOA. Res ip route C_ 100.00/8s directly connected, Seralo“o S 11000/8{1/0]via 10002 C_192.168:1.0/24Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 S_ 192.168.20/24[1/0] via 100.02 S_ 192.168.3.0/24[1/0] via 10.002 Routing lookup A. Reaksh ip route C_ 10.0.00/81s directly connected, Serialo/0 C_ 11.000181s directly connected, Setialo/1 S_192.168.1.0/24(1/0] via 10.00.1 C_192.168.20/24is directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 S 192.168.3.0/24[1/0] via 11.002 Source RE nl NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 156Routing lookup MOA. Resish ip route S$. 10.000/811/0] via 11.001 C_ 11.000781s directly connected, Serialo/0 S-_192.168.1.0/28(1/0]via 11.001 S__192.168.2.0/24(1/0] via 11.0.1 C_192.168:3.0/24Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 157Default Routing Used to route traffic for unknown destinations ( internet) ane oa oe ay come, es 2222S novos tvolw nea € ‘y2led.aat nara coos, athena 5 ssries2024 vojwato002 5 ts2ne83.024 Wo} va 19002 toasess.0e Default Routing Also can be used at end locations (optional) NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 158Default Routing (contd) > Itis the last preferred routing » Default routes help in reducing the size of your routing table. > Re(confightip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.002 LAB: Verifying Default Route OA, Task: » Design topology > Basic IP addressing ( up up) » Ri and R3 configured with default routes ( common next-hop for all destinations) > R2 using static routing NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 159Default Routing in real world scenario M2A., (with NAT) ISP{configh Ip route $0.1.1.0 255.255.2550 100.1.1.1 NAT oars Ri(configh Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 100.1.1.2 (8200 Public IP 50.2.1.0724 26812 192.168:1.0/24 LAB: Verifying Default Route OA. Rev(configyip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.00 10.002 R-2(confightip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.2550 10.0.0.1 Re2{confightip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 11.002 R-x(confight Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.00. NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 160LAB: DEFAULT ROUTING S00 Foo 192.168.1.100 192.108.2.0/24 192.108.3.0/24 192.108.1.0/24 so2.108.22 192.168.2.2 192.16821 192:1688.1 so2.s68.1.4 r92.168.1.4 192.108.1.2 Pre-requirement for LAB (check previous labs) ‘* Design the topology ( connectivity ) ‘¢ Assign the IP address according to diagram ‘* Make sure that interfaces used should be in UP UP state TASK: ‘© Configure Default route used on R1 and R3_, static routing on R2 © Verify Routing table and reachability between the LAN’s ( using PING and TRACE commands ) Re#sh ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o CC 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-2ush Ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C 11.0..0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 CC. 192.168.2.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-3ish Ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o CC. 192.168.3.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o Router- 1 R-1(confighip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2 Router ~ 2 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 161R-2(confighip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.2550 10.0.0.1 R-2(config)iip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.2 On Router ~ 3 R-3(configyt Ip route 0.0.00 0000 11.001 Ressh ip route Gateway of last resort © san.00/8s drecty connected, Seral/o 1192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 Re2ush ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C_ 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 Seeman 1192.168.2.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-3ish tp route Gateway of last resort is 11.010.1)t0 network'0:01010 C 11.0.00/8 ts directly connected, Serialo/0 C__192.168.3.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 PC>ipconfig. IP Address. 192.1681. ‘Subnet Mask... “ 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway.......-..--..-t 192.168.1.100 PC>ping 192.168.2.1 Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time PC>ping 192.168.3.1 Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. =32 time=27ms TTL=125 eply from 192.168.3.1 PC>tracert 192.168.3.1 Tracing route to 192.168.3.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 5ms sms ams 2. 2ms 9ms ems 1 3° 17ms 6ms 2ms 4 24ms 27ms 25 ms Trace complete. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 162Reaping. 192.168.3.1 ‘Type escape sequence to abort Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds: ge Success rate is TOOIpSFERHE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 9/16/31 ms R-3aping 192.168.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout Is 2 seconds: Sica rate ‘Too"pEFERHE (5/5), round-trip minavg/max = 10/15/18 ms NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 163LAB: Static Routing using Redundant links rw2.108.14 roa.r08.12 “ Vwa.r0s.s.0/24 19216821 ywa.168.22 ro216820/2 TASK: © Continue with the configurations done in the previous lab. © Connect Ri - R3 WAN link using any serial interface and assging IP address as per the diagram. © Save the topology and configurations for future labs. Retish ip int brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o _192.168.1.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 10.001 YES manual up up Serialo/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down R-3iish ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o —_192.168.3.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 __ unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 11.002 YES manual up up Serialo/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down R-1(confighsinterface serial 0/1 R-r(config-ifiiip address 12.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 R-t(config-if)ino shutdown R-1(config-ifficlock rate 64000 R-t(config-ifyiend R-tiish ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 164FastEtherneto/o —_192.168.1.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 _unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serlalo/o 3 YES manual up up R-3(confighinterface serial 0/1 R-3(config-ifiiip address 12.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 R-3(config-ifino shutdown R-3(config-if¥end R-3iésh Ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o —_192.168.3.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 11.002 YES manual up up Serialo/1 12002 YES manual up down R-3eping 12.0.0.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, oo-byte ICMP Echos to 12.0.0., timeout Is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms R-3#sh ip route Gateway of last resort is not set S$ 10.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 11.0.0 C 11.0.0.0/8's directly connected, Serialo/o C 12.0.0.0/8'is directly connected, Serialo/1 S_ 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 S$ 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 C__192.168.3.0/26 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o Retish ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo, S$ 11.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 10.0.02 C 120.008 directly connected, Serialo/1 C _192.168.1.0/26 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o S$ 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 S_ 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 PC>ipconfig FastEtherneto Connection:(default port) Link-local IPve Address. IP Address. Subnet Mask.. Default Gateway 792.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.100 PC>ping 192.168.2.1 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 165Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.2.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.2.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes PC>ping 192.168.3.1 Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.3.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.3.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.3.1: byte: Boa PC>tracert 192.168.2.1 Tracing route to 192.168.2.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 oms oms oms — 192.168.1.100 2. 1ms oms oms 1000.2 3° oms 1ms 1ms 192,168.21 Trace complete. PC>tracert 192.168.3.1 Tracing route to 192.168.3.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 oms oms oms — 192.168.1.100 2. 1ms oms oms 100.02 3 ims ims ims 11.002 42ms 1ms tims — 192.168.3.1 Trace complete. As per the static routing configured in the previous lab © to reach R1- R2 LAN uses path via R1- R2 © to reach R1- R3 LAN uses path via R1- R2- R3. TASK: shutdown the link between R1-R2 (here we are assuming the link goes down) R-t(confighiinterface 50/0 R-t(config-ifhishutdown R-t(confighvend Retiish ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 12.0.0.0/8's directly connected, Serialo/1 C__192.168.1.0/26 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o Shutting down the link between R1- R2 automatically removes the static routes via s0/0 Inteface as the next-hop interface is down. © The major drawback is if the route goes down administrator has to manually change the route on all routers. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 166R-1(confighino ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 R-r(confighno ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 R-t(confighino ip route 11.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.2 R-t(confightip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.0.0.2. R-t(confightip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 12.0.0.2. R-1(confightip route 11.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 12.0.0.2 R-2ish Ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o —_192.168.2.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned __ YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 10.002 YES manual down down Serialo/1 11.001 YES manual up up R-2#sh ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.0.0/8is directly connected, Serialo/1 CC 192.168.2.0/26 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o S_ 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.2 R-2(configh#no ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 R-2(confighip route 192.168.1.0 255.255,255.0 11.0.0.2 R-2(confighip route 12.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 11.0.02 R-2ish ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.00/8s directly connected, Serialo/1 S$ 12.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 11.0.0.2 S$ 192.168.1.0/26 [1/0] via 11.0.0.2 C _192.168.2.0/26 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o S 192.168.3.0/26 [1/0] via 11.0.0.2 R-3ish ip route Gateway of last resort is not set S$ 10.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 11.0.0. C 11.0.00/8's directly connected, Serialo/o C 12.0.0.0/8is directly connected, Serialo/1 S_192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 S_ 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 C_192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o © Here the routes are stil in the routing table, but the reachability to 192.168.1.0 will not work. © AS R3 send to R2 and R2 send back to R3 as per the routing table which we configured. © To verify use tracert command from 192.168.3.1 to 192.168.1.1 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 167PC>ipconfig FastEtherneto Connection (default port) Link-local IPve Address. IP Address. Subnet Mask... Default Gateway. 192.1683.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.100 PC>tracert 192.168.1.1 Tracing route to 192.168.1.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 oms oms oms — 192.1683.100 2. 0ms oms oms 11.001 3 Oms Ooms Ooms — 192.168.3.100 42ms © 2ms oms 1.00.1 5 2ms 2ms oms —192.168.3.100 6 ims ims oms 1.00.1 7 1ms 1ms 4ms — 192.168.3.100 8 ims 2ms ums 11001 9 13ms 2ms 13ms —192.168.3.100 to 4ms o1ms oms 11.00.1 M1 3ms tims 3s 192.168.3.100 2 4ms 1ms 2ms 11.001 13 Tms 3ms 3ms —_ 192.168.3.100 4 o1ms ms ms 1.00.1 Control-C "C To fix this we need to change the static routing to Ri networks via 12.0.0.1. R-3(confighino ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.1 R-3(confighiip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.0.0.1 R-3ish ip route Gateway of last resort is not set S$ 10.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 11.0.0. C 11.0.0.0/8's directly connected, Serialo/o C 12.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 S_ 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 12.0.0.1 S$ 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 C__192.168.3.0/26 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o PC>ipconfig FastEtherneto Connection:(default port) Link-local [Pve Address. IP Address. Subnet Mask.. Default Gateway 192.1683.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.100 PC>ping 192.168.1.1 Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 168Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.1.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.1.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.1.1: byte: PC>tracert 192.168.1.1 Tracing route to 192.168.1.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 oms oms oms — 192.1683.100 2 oms oms 2ms 1200.1 3 oms 1ms oms — 192.168.1.1 Trace complete. PC>ping 192.168.2.1 Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.2.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.2.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.2.1: byte: The major drawback of static routing is lot of manual configurations and if any changes in the network, effect the communication and we need to changes the routes manually.| this lab we have verified the same. Test your ski ‘* Define routing process and why we do we need Routing? ‘* Define static routing, Advantages and dis-advantages? ‘+ Write down the syntax for static routing? ‘+ What is the difference between ping and tracert commands used for testing? ‘¢ Explain the routing lookup process? ‘* What is default routing & what are the scenarios where default routing is more applicable? ‘© Draw the real world scenario where default routing is used (with NAT). NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 169Dynamic Routing RIP, EIGRP, OSPF Dynamic Routing KOA . ‘Advantages of Dynami overstate [No need of manual configuration nie sat routing) ease 4200 ‘Lear about her networks via advertiemens of drecty connected necwors) ‘Automatica select the best route, builds routing abe) Updates the topology changes dynamical. [No need to know the desnation networks. others network) _Ainisrative work seduced “Apical for lage oranzatns NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 170‘Types of Dynamic Routing Protocols ‘© Distance Vector Protocol ‘© Link State Protocol ‘© Hybrid Protocol Types of Dynamic Routing Protocols NEA, Distance Vector Tink Sate Hybrid (Advance Distance vector) ‘Wort wih Brian Ford Sn ‘Works wi ira ein Wort wh DUAL air end wine Terrien wae Treen wpa ng oer cana Ups rh baat pas roaph ioe sds ar Broan mie ‘angie RP RiP, RP Taree OFFS Crawley BRP Tesoro ae ones Tr ower tay woot Dio contre Tay contre NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_noasolutions.com Page 171Cut et MOA. > Cassful routing protocol do not carry the subnet mask information along with updates » which means that all devices in the network must use the same subnet mask (FLSM or default same class) Ex: RIP, IGRP Classfull no mask _ 192.168.1.0 Classless protocols OA, » Clasless routing protocol carry the subnet mask information along with updates, » That's why they support sub networks{ VLSM and FLSM) and default networks also Ex: RIP2 , EIGRP , OSPF, 11S, Classless with mask _192.168.1.0/24 ees watt] Network advertised with correct mask NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 172Routing Information Protocol NGA, : ‘Open Standard Protocol (Cisco/ non-cisco) CClassull routing protocol (not cary subnetmask) Updates are broadcasted via 255.285.255.255 ces _ Metric: Hop count * 2 Load Balancing up to 4 equal paths Max Hop counts = 15 / Max routers = 16 c > Applicable for small organizations Administrative distance is 120 Exchange entire routing table for every 30 seconds. (periodic updates) Rip Timers NEA ote hcbb Update Timer: Ian arte ey nt nn oA Update timer 30 sec bed c ° 180 sec sone 300 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 173Rip Timers veoon Upiate timer: 30sec Time beeen consecutive updates Invalid timer: 80 sec a ais = Time a router waits to hear updates = The route is marked unreachable if there Is no update during this interval Flush timer : 240 sec = Time before the invalid route is removed from the routing table Hold Down timer: 10 Sec = Stabilize routing information and helps preventing routing loops during periods when the topology is converging on new information. RIPv1 RIPv2 » Classful routing protocol ( not carry mask) > Classless routing protocol ( carry mask) » Updates via broadcasts (255.255.255.255) > Updates via multicast address 224.0.0.9 » No support for authentication. » Supports authentication NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 174=a ‘Configuring RIP v1 Routerconfigh router rip Routerconfig-router)+ network ‘Configuring RIP v2 Router(config router rip Router(contfig-routeris network Router(confg-router version 2 LAB : Routing using RIPv2 NA, Realconfigrouter rip Rev(configherouter rip Retcont network 192.168.20 Re(configouterjonetwork 192.168.1.0 Pome nee Rea(configrouterinetwork 10.0.0 R-(config-routernetwork 10.0.0 as R-2(configrouterjonetwork 1.0.0.0 s Re2(configrouterversion 2 R-x(confighrrouter rip R-3(config-routerwnetwork 192.168.3.0 R-3(config-routery#network 11.0.0. R-3(config-router)#version 2 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 175RIPv2 Verification commands NEA, aM ACD PC>ping 92:1683.1 Pioging 192168.3.1 with 32 byes of date oer Reply from 192.683. byese32 tme=20ms TTL=126 ‘Gateway of as eri not set Reply from 92.68.31: byes=32tme=20ms TTL=126 C ra000% is directly connected, Seioo Reply from 192.6831: byese32te=21ms TT R_ 1.00018 12071] via 100.02, 020093, Serllo“9 Reply from 192.368.3.: by (© swaes.1072¢ is recy comecte, Fastshereto"0 R_y92:166.20/24 (12071) a 10.002, coos, Serio 9716830724 1202] via 19.0.2, cro, Seriaovo PCotracert 92.160.1 “Tracing rout to 19216831 over a ‘maximum of 39 hops: 2 ms 9ms sms 10002 ‘Trace complete ‘Advantages of RIP Easy to configure No design constraints (unlike OSPF) Less overhead 0000 300 Disadvantage of RIP Bandwidth utilization is very high as broadcast for every 30 seconds (periodic updates) ‘Works only on hop count (not consider BW) Applicable for small organizations (maximum hop counts = 15) Slow convergence (240 sec) NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 176LAB: DYNAMIC ROUTING USING RIPV2 S00 Foo 192.168.1.100 192.108.2.0/24 192.108,3.0724 192.108.1.0/24 192,108.22 192,168.32 192,168.21 nl so2.s68.1.4 r92.168.1.4 Pre-requirement for LAB (check previous labs) 1) Design the topology ( connectivity ) 2) Assign the IP address according to diagram 3) Make sure that interfaces used should be in UP. UP state What we do In this lab 4) Dynamic routing using RIPv2 5) Verify Routing table and reachability between the LAN’s (using PING and TRACE commands ) Re#sh ip route Gateway of last resort is not set is directly connected, Serialo/o 1/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-2ush ip route Gateway of last resort is not set irectly connected, Serialo/o is directly connected, Serialo/1 4 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o Re3ish ip route Gateway of last resort is not set lirectly connected, Serialo/o .0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-(config)rrouter rip Re(config-router}éversion 2 R-(config-router}inetwork 192.168.1.0 R-(config-routerjenetwork 10.0.0.0 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 177 Router: 1R-(config-routerend Router ~ 2 R-2(configyrrouter rip R-2(config-routersiversion 2 R-2(config-router)inetwork 192.168.2.0 R-2(config-router)inetwork 10.0.0.0 R-2(config-router)inetwork 11.0.0.0 R-2(conflg-routerend Router ~ 3 R-3(config)rrouter rip R-3(config-router}eversion 2 R-3(config-router}inetwork 192.168.3.0 R-a(config-router}enetwork 11.0.0.0 R-x(config-router}iend Revash ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o CC 192.168.1.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-2ish Ip route Gateway of last resort is not set CC 100.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C_11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 CC 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 R-3#sh Ip route Gateway of last resort is not set Cc no. v8 is directly connected, Serialo/o 192.168.3.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o Ret#show Ip protocols Routing Protocol Is Sending updates every utgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Redistributing: rip Default version control: send version 2, receive 2 Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 178‘Automatic network summarization Is in effect, Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: Passive Interface(s): Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance __Last Update 10.0.0.2 120 00:00:02 Distance: (default Is 120) Ret#show Ip route rip R_11.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:24, Serlalo/o R__192.168.2.0/24 [120/11] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:24, Serialo/o R_192.168.3.0/24 [120/2] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:24, Serialovo PC>ipcontig IP Address... Subnet Mash 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway. + 192.168.1.100 PC>ping 192.168.2.1 Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. PC>ping 192.168.3.1 ging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. PC>tracert 192.168.3.1 Tracing route to 192.168.3.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 5ms sms sms 192.168.1.100 2 12ms 9ms ems 10.0.0.2 3° 17ms 6ms ms 11.002 4 26ms 27ms 25mMs 192.1683. Trace complete. Revsping 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is TOOIPEFCENE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 9/16/31 ms R-saping 192.168.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is TOO)PEFCENE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 10/15/18 ms NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 179LAB: Dynamic Routing using RIPv2 — using Redundant links rw2.r08.14 ron.10s.12 ee 92.108:3.0/24 19216821 ywe.168.22 ron16820/26 STEPS: Pre-requirement for LAB (check previous labs) ‘* Design the topology (connectivity) ‘© Assign the IP address according to diagram. ‘Make sure that interfaces used should be in UP UP state ‘What we do in this lab © Dynamic routing using RIPv2 for redundant links ‘© Verify Routing table and reachability between the LAN’s (using PING and TRACE commands) ‘* Shutdown the interface and verify redundancy in Routing. R-1# sh ip int brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o _192.168.1.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 10.001 YES manual up up Serialo/1 12.001 YES manual up up R-tash ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 100.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C 12.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 C _192.168.1.0/26 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-a(confightrouter rip Rea(config-routerversion 2 Rer(config-router)snetwork 192.168.1.0 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 180R-a(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 R-a(config-router)snetwork 12.0.0.0 Rea(config-routerexit R2iish ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o. —_192.168.2.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned _ YES unset administratively down down Serialovo 10.002 YES manual up up Serialo/t 11.001 YES manual up up R-2(configirouter rip R-2(config-router+version 2 R-2(config-router)snetwork 192.168.2.0 R-2(config-router)snetwork 10.0.0.0 R-2(config-router)snetwork 11.0.0.0 R-2(config-router)send R-3(config}trouter rip R-3(config-router)version 2 R-3(config-router)snetwork 192.168.3.0 R-3(config-router)anetwork 11.0.0.0 R-3(config-router)énetwork 12.0.0.0 R-3(config-router)end R-3#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, $ - static, |- IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D- EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, © - OSPF, lA - OSPF inter area Ni - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E- EGP i- IS-IS, Lv ~ IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o- ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.00.78 is directly connected, Serialo/o C_ 12.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 C192.168.3.0/26 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R.34sh ip route rip R_ 10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 11.0.0.1, 00:00:06, Serialo/o {[120/1] via 12.0.0.1, 00:00:11, Serialo/ R__192.168.1.0/24 [120/11 via 12.0.0.1, 00:00:11, Serialo/+1 R-3ish ip protocols Routing Protocol is ‘tip” Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 20 seconds Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 181Outgoing update filer list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Redistributing: rip Default version control: send version 2, recelve 2 Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain FastEtherneto/o 22 Serialo/o 22 Serialo/1 22 ‘Automatic network summarization Is in effect Maximum pa Routing for Networks: 1.0.0.0 12.0.0.0 192.168.3.0 Passive Interface(s): Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance __Last Update 1.0.0.1 120 00:00:12 12.0.0.1 120 00:00:18 Distance: (default is 120) Ret#sh Ip route rip R_11.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:27, Serialo/o (120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:24, Serialo/1 R__192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:27, Serialo/o R__192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:24, Serialo/1 PC>ipconfig FastEtherneto Connection :( default port) Link-local IPve Address. IP Address. 192.168.1.1 Subnet Mask.. 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway... 1 192.168.1.100 PC>ping 192.168.2.1 Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes Reply from 192.168.2.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.2.1: byte: PC>tracert 192.168.2.1 Tracing route to 192.168.2.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1.3ms © oms ims 192.168.1.100 200ms 1ms ims 1000.2 3 1ms 12ms ms 192,168.21 Trace complete. PCoping 192.168.3.1 Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 182Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.31: byte Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes PC>tracert 192.168.3.1 Tracing route to 192.168.3.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 Ooms oms oms — 192.168.1.100 2. oms oms oms 1200.2 3.0ms oms 1ms 192,168.31 Trace complete. R-t(confighinterface serial 0/0 R-r(config-ifishutdown R-r(configend Ret#sh Ip route rip .0.0/8 [120/1] via 1 PC>tracert 192.168.2.1 Tracing route to 192.168.2.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: oms = 1ms — oms —_192.168.1.100 Ooms oms 1ms 1200.2 ims ims zms 11.001 toms tims 1ms — 192.168.2.1 Trace complete. R-t(confighsinterface s0/0 R-t(config-ifyiend Reassh ip route rip R_ 11.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:21, Serialo/ [120/1] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:06, Serialo/o R192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:21, Serial0/ Ras NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 183Administrative Distance NGA, falar Trust worthiness of the information received by the router. neaso Best route is decided based on 2 ~ type of routing statc/ RIP” EIGRP/OSPF | Administrative Distance NEA rk OHNE ACAD Trust worthiness ofthe information received bythe router. Pelt adminiratve distances The Number i between o and 255 Directy Connected = 0 Les value fe mote prefered routing Static Route =1 IGRP = 100 EIGRP = 99 OSPF = 110 ig \ RP = 120 ood eang _S120¢ Rulng. uses manual path glen by admin n 5 RIP uses hop counts (less beter) ABE 2 ADE -3 seaeo 200 EIGRP considers bandwidth (more better) ‘ABE -2 Mbps ACDE -4 Mbps NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 184Administrative Distance MOA, Defic administrative distances Directy Connected = 0 State Route =1 GRP = 00 EIGRP = 99 Less AD value is more preferred routing soon OSPF = 110 RIP = 130 State Routing uses manual path glven by admin \Y.— — om —_ EIGRP considers bandwidth (more better) ‘ABE -2Mbps ACDE —-4 Mbps NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 185sae NPA ZA. ‘+ Isa collection of networks under a common administrative domain. + A.unique number identifying the Routing domain ofthe routers (one organization). + Ranges from 1 65535 + Public AS (in between multiple SP) 1 64512 + Private AS (same SP) 64513 ~ 65535 Aono Sy Nana NA ZA. AS = 100 AS = 200 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 186Private AS example MOA. + Used with in the same service provider. + unique with in service provider. + Range = 64513 ~ 65535 Public AS example A. ‘+ Used with in between multiple service provider. + Globally unique. + Range = 1 - 64512 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 187Routing Protocol Classification NA, Ee feo Aor icp + Interior Gateway Protocol 1. Exterior Gateway Protocol + used to communicate within same 2. used to communicate between two or more autonomous system autonomous system + RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF, 15-15 3. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) IGP- RIP, OSPF, EIGRP NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 188Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol XA, > Advanced distance vector (Hybrid protocol) » Standard protocol (intially was cisco proprietary) » Classless routing protocol (carry subnet-mask , support subnets/VLSM) > Max Hop count is 255 (100 by default) > Administrative distance is 90 » Easy and Flexible network design. (unlike OSPF) » Uses Multicast (224.0.0.10) and unicast for initial neighbor discovery process EIGRP step by step initial process NEA. sole GR Tam 10.0.0.1 who is on the link ~ 224.0.0.10 3 Rsfo ae enoeaeveseenainennl> Hello) -am-10:0:0.2-~unicast ‘They become neighbors, built neighbor table Aisae] Here is my complete route information ( routing table) ——————— ————— Thanks for the information Heue.is my. complete route information (routing table) Kf. Thanks for the information Converged, calculate best route builds routing table NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 189EIGRP Tables NA. Nelghbor table Contains lst of directly connected routers # show Ip elerp neighbor EIGRP Tables NA, Topology table List ofall the best routes learned from each neighbor «# Show Ip elgrp topolosy Routing table “The best route to the destination 4 show Ip route 3 best routes from all 3 neighbors ( stores in topology table) Select the best route - ( routing table) and advertise best route to neighbor NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 190EIGRP Convergence » Incremental updates » Periodically send hello packets are sent every 5 seconds ( dead ~ 15 sec) > Convergence rate is fast (15 sec) ‘Also pre-calculates second best route best route = successor Second best route = feasible successor EIGRP Metric — parameters A. Bandwidth Delay load Reliability MTU Serial 1544 Kbps 20,000 Us pe rls Ethemet 10 Mbps OU tes Fasteth 100 Mbps 10 Us 255 more 255 more sigeth 1000 Mbps 10 Us Ravconfipsinrace srs 9 eo -_@e Rex(configisbandwidth 1000 Retsh Interfaces 50/0 Revash interfaces 50/0 Sei sup, tne protocol is up (connected) ‘Seal i up, tne protocols up (connected) Hardware is Hs Hardware fe HDeAsIo. Internet adaresss 19.08.18 Internet address 1000.18 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 154 Kbit, DLY 2000 use, MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1000 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliably 255255, toad 1255, oad 1/255 reliably 255255, load 1285, ndoad 1/255 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 191EIGRP Metric Calculation XA, BW Delay load — Reliability MTU Ki=1 K3=1 K2=0 Ka=0 K5=0 ‘The EIGRP metric calculation formula is as below: 10°, K2xaW, mo cS eB Se 256 7tam| By. default uses BW and Delay ja the metric catculstion. Formula with default K values (K1 = 1, K2 = 0, K3 = 1, Ka = 0, KS = 0): Metric = (K1 * BW + ((K2 * BW) / (256 — load)) + K3 * delay) EIGRP cost Least cost = best route Rewshow ip route Gateway of lst resort is not set 1000.07 is rectly connected, Seiiro 1.000 (502481856) via 100.02, on054, Servo 192.168.0728 is rectly connected, FastEtheme0/0 192148.20°24[0/2172416 Va 12002, 080548, Srialro 19216830724 (0/268416] a 100.02, 00:02:49, Sriaor0 eonen NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 192EIGRP Metric Calculation Example XA, (Overall Delay = {sum of delays] x 256 (Overall Bandwidth = (108 / (Min bandwidth in Kbps)1x 256 4 256 kby bps. Delay 200 Delay 2000 Z 256: 256 Kops ; Delay 2600 Delay 2000 : A>B>C>D Least bandwith 6 Kbps Total ely 5,000 APKPYITID Least bandwith 256 ps Tota delay 8.000 ‘The EIGRP metric calculation formula is as below: KoxaM, EBM « x25 delays 256-load ***Edelevs} 256 EIGRP Configuration XN DA, Router(configh router eigrp Router(config-outer) network Reviconfig router elgrp 100 Reconfig-router)s network 192.168.1.0 Reconfigrouter» network 10.000 EIGRP AS number as to match on all routes to establish nelghbors and exchange routes NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 193EIGRP Configuration XA, Rea{configirrouter elgrp 100 Rea{config-outer}? network 192.168.20 Rea{configrouter)? network 11.000 Rea{configrouterie network 10.000 Rer{confighe router eigrp 100 Raconfigrouter# network 192.168.1.0 Rer(configrouter network 10.0.00 Restconfighe router elgrp 100 Restconfigeouter network 192.1683.0 Res(configrouter network 1.0.00 EIGRP verification ae een MOA, Gateway of las resort I not se C 10000 8's directly connected, Seiaivo D_ 110008 [9072481856 via 10002, 2054, Servo C_t92.48:.0724 i recty connected, FastEtherneto0 19214620728 50/2172816] via 1.002, 0905-8, Serloro D> 192.168.0724 [o0/aaee] via 10.002, 0:02, Seraloro Reaeshow pela neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for proces 100 Hi Address ‘Imerface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq etm) Cat Num © 10001 Se 10 onDEte 40 1000S 1 mge2 Seon 12 enwito #10000 7 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 194LAB: DYNAMIC ROUTING USING EIGRP s0/0 Foo 192.168.1.100 192.108.2.0724 192.108.3.0724 192.108.1.0/24 192,108.22 192,168.82 192.168.2.1 tones. sw2.s68.14 92,168.14 192.168.1.2 Pre-requirement for LAB (check previous labs) © Design the topology ( connectivity ) © Assign the IP address according to © Make sure that interfaces used should be in UP UP state TASK © Configure Dynamic routing using EIGRP 100 © Verify Routing table and reachability between the LAN’s (using PING and TRACE commands ) Revash ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8'is directly connected, Serialo/o C.192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-2ash ip route Gateway of last resort is not set CC 100.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C_ 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 CC 192.168.2.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-3#sh Ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o CC 192.168.3.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o ROUTER: 1 R-i(conflg router elgrp 100 Re(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0 Rei(config-router# network 10.0.0.0 ROUTER ~ 2 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 195R-2{configytrouter eigrp 100 R-2(config-routery# network 192.168.2.0 R-2{config-router# network 11.0.0.0 R-x(config-router}t network 10.0.00 ‘%DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP 100: Neighbor 10.0.0.1 (Serialo/0) is up: new adjacency ROUTER - 3 R-s(conflg* router elgrp 100 R-3(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0 R-3(conflg-router# network 11.0.0.0 R-2ushow ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 100 H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (ec) (ms) Cnt Num Revwshow ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C__10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o D_ n9006 sozeess| via 10002, 0205-45, Seral/o 1192.168.1.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 R-14show ip route elgrp D 11.0.0.0/8 190/2681856] via 10.0.0.2, 00:06:05, Serialo/o D__ 192.168.2.0/24 [90/2172416] via 10.0.0.2, 00:06:08, Serialo/o D__ 192.168.3.0/24 [90/2684416] via 10.0.0.2, 00:03:09, Serialo/o R-2ishow ip route elgrp D 192.168.1.0/24 [90/2172416] via 10.0.0.1, 00:07:26, Serialo/o D__ 192.168.3.0/24 [90/2172416] via 11.0.0.2, 00:04:52, Serlalo/1 R-3#sh Ip route elgrp D 10.0.0.0/8 [90/2681856] via 11.0.0.1, 00:04:32, Serlalo/o D _192.168.1.0/24 [90/2684416] Via 11.0.0.1, 00:04:32, Serlalo/o D__ 192.168.2.0/24 [90/2172416] via 11.0.0.1, 00:04:32, Serlalo/o Rosh Ip protocols Routing Protocol is jeter 100" ‘Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Default networks flagged in outgoing updates Default networks accepted from incoming updates NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 196EIGRP maximum HOpeoutit}100 EIGRP maximum metric variance 1 Redistributing: eigrp 100 ‘Automatic network summarization Is In effect ‘Automatic address summarization Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance _—_Last Update 10.002 90 18606786 Distance: internal 90 external 170 Revish Ip elgrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for ASI100 Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R- Reply, r- Reply status P 192.168.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160 via Connected, FastEtherneto/o P 10.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serialo/o P 192.168.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2172416 via 10.0.0.2 (2172416/28160), Serialo/o P 11.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 2681856 via 10.0.0.2 (2681856/2169856), Serialo/0 P 192.168.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2684416 via 10.0.0.2 (2688416/2172416), Serialo/o PC>ipconfig IP Address. Subnet Mash Default Gateway. 255,255.255.0 192.168.1.100 PC>ping 192.168.2.1 Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 tim« Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 tim« PC>ping 192.168.3.1 ging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time PC>tracert 192.168.3.1 Tracing route to 192.168.3.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 Sms 8ms 8ms — 192.168.1.100 2 12ms 9ms sms 1000.2 NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 1973.17ms 6ms ms 11.002 4 24ms 27ms 25ms 192.1683. Trace complete. R-ping 192.168.3.1 ‘Type escape sequence to abort, _" 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate Is FOOIBEFEERE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 9/16/31 ms R-3#ping 192.168.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout Is 2 seconds: Sica rate ‘Too"peFERHE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 10/15/18 ms NOA solutions.N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 198using Redundant links rw2.108.14 Cae) 192.165.1.0/26 roasesas 19210832 ronress2 O28 Twa.r0s.s.0/24 19216821 ywa.165.22 ro216820/2 STEPS: Pre-requirement for LAB (check previous labs) ‘* Design the topology ( connectivity ) ‘© Assign the IP address according to diagram. ¢ Make sure that interfaces used should be in UP_UP state ‘What we do in this lab ‘¢ Dynamic routing using EIGRP for redundant links ‘© Verify Routing table and reachability between the LAN’s ( using PING and TRACE commands ) ‘* Shutdown the interface and verify redundancy in Routing. Ret#sh ip int brief Interface IP-Address_ OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtherneto/o. —_192.168.1.100 YES manual up. up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 30.001 YES manual up up Serialo/1 12.001 YES manual up up R-t(confighrouter elgrp 100 R-t(config-router)snetwork 192.168.1.0 R-1(config-router)snetwork 10.0.0.0 R-1(config-router)snetwork 12.0.0.0 R-t(config-router)exit R-2(confighrouter elgrp 100 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 199R-2(config-router)snetwork 11.0.0.0 R-2(config-router)end R-3(confighrouter elgrp 100 R-3(config-router)snetwork 192.168.3.0 R-3(config-router)snetwork 12.0.0.0 R-3(config-router)snetwork 11.0.0.0 R-3(config-router)end R-3#sh Ip elgrp neighbors IP-EIGRP nelghbors for process 100 H Address” Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (sec) (ms) Cnt Num ° Seot 12 00:00:36 40 10000 8 1 Seovo 12 00:00:33 40 1000 0 12 R-3#sh ip route eigrp D 10.0.0.0/8 [90/2681856] via 12.0.0.1, 00:00:40, Serialo/1 [90/2681856] via 1.0.0.1, 00:00:37, Serialo/o D _192.168.1.0/24 [90/2172416] via 12.0.0.1, 00:00:40, Serlalo/1 D__192.168.2.0/24 [90/2172416] via 11.0.0.1, 00:00:37, Serialo/o R-3#sh ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS 100 Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r- Reply status P 192.168.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160 via Connected, FastEtherneto/o P 12.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serialo/1 P 192.168.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2172416 via 12.0.0.1 (2172416/28160), Serialo/1 P 10.0.0.0/8, 2 successors, FD Is 2681856 via 12.0.0.1 (2681856/2169856), Serial0/1 via 11.0.0.1 (2681856/2169856), Serialo/o P 192.168.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2172416 via 1.0.0.1 (2172416/28160), Serialo/o P 11.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serialo/o R-tiish ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 100 H Address” Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (ec) (ms) Cnt Num © 10002 — Seo/o 13 00:01:25 40 10000 11 1 12002 © Seo 11 00:00:58 40 1000 0 13, R-t#sh ip route eigrp D_11.0.0.0/8 [90/2681856] via 10.0.0.2, 00:01:25, Serialo/o [90/2681856] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:57, Serial0/1 D__192.168.2.0/24 [90/2172416] via 10.0.0.2, 00:01:27, Serialo/o NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 200D__ 192.168.3.0/24 [90/2172416] via 12.0.0.2, 00:01:00, Serlalo/1 R-t#sh ip elgrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS 100 Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r- Reply status P 192.168.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD Is 28160 via Connected, FastEtherneto/o P 10.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD Is 2169856 vla Connected, Serialo/o P 12.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD Is 2169856 via Connected, Serialo/1 P 192.168.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD Is 2172416 vla 10.0.0.2 (2172416/28160), Serialo/o P 11.0.0.0/8, 2 successors, FD Is 2681856 via 10.0.0.2 (2681856/2169856), Serialo/o via 12.0.0.2 (2681856/2169856), Serial0/1 P 192.168.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2172416 via 12.0.0.2 (2172416/28160), Serialo/1 PC>ping 192.168.3.1 Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.3.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.3.1: byte: Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes Reply from 192.168.3.1: byte: Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 1ams, Average = sms PC>tracert 192.168.3.1 Tracing route to 192.168.3.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 oms oms oms — 192.168.1.100 2: 1ms oms oms 1200.2 3 1ms oms oms — 192.168.3.1 Trace complete. PC>tracert 192.168.2.1 Tracing route to 192.168.2.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 Ooms ims oms — 192.168.1.100 2.2ms oms oms 10.00.2 3.0ms oms ims 192,168.21 Trace complete. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 201R-t(confighsint so/o R-t(config-ifishutdown Rer(config-ifwend R-t#sh ip elgrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 100 H Address” Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (ec) (ms) Cnt Num 0 12002 — Seon 11 00:03:38 40 1000 0 53 R-t#sh Ip route elgrp D 11.0.0.0/8 [90/2681856] via 12.0.0.2, 00:03:40, Serialo/1 D _192.168.2.0/24 [90/2684416] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:18, Serlalo/1 D__192.168.3.0/24 [90/2172416] via 12.0.0.2, 00:03:40, Serlalo/1 R-t#sh ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS 100 Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r- Reply status P 192.168.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160 via Connected, FastEtherneto/o P 12.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serialo/1 P 192.168.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2684416 via 12.0.0.2 (2684416/2172416), Serial0/1 P 11.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 2681856 via 12.0.0.2 (2681856/2169856), Serial0/1 P 192.168.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2172416 via 12.0.0.2 (2172416/28160), Serialo/1 PC>tracert 192.168.3.1 Tracing route to 192.168.3.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 2ms oms oms — 192.168.1.100 20 0ms oms oms 1200.2 3°1ms) oms 1ms 192,168.31 Trace complete. R-t(confighsint so/o R-t(config-ifyiend R-tiish ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 100 H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (ec) (ms) Cnt Num 0 12002 © Seo 13. 00:04:32 40 1000 0 55 1 10002 Seo’ 12 00:00:02 40 1000 0 55 R-t#sh ip route eigrp D 11.0.0.0/8 [90/2681856] via 12.0.0.2, 00:04:33, Serialo/1 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 202[90/2681856] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:04, Serialo/o D__ 192.168.2.0/24 [90/2172416] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:04, Serlalo/o D _ 192.168.3.0/24 [90/2172416] via 12.0.0.2, 00:04:33, Serlalo/1 R-#traceroute 192.168.3.1 Types escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 192.168.3.1 112.002 — 4msec_ 1msec 1 msec 2 192.1683.1 Omsec 9msec 1 msec NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www_.noasolutions com Page 203OSPF NEA, (OSPF stand for Open Shortest path first » Ie’sa link state protocol » Standard protocol > Ieuses SPF (shortest path first) or dijkistra algorithm > Unlimited hop count > Metric is cost (cost=10 "8/B.W.) » Administrative distance is 110 » Ieis a classless routing protocol (carry subnet-mask information & supports VLSM) » Supports equal cost load balancing, Basic OSPF process A. Seven stages 1. Down Init 2way Exstart Exchange Loading Full NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 204OSPF Basic process — seven stages NGA, : so 0 ve Se it Down stage Raq] |.am 192.168.1.100 , who is on the link ~ 224.005 Ine stage (Hello) Tam 100.02 - unicast ie ‘Two-way stage They become neighbors, built neighbor table OSPF router-ID MOA. + used to identify the router inside the OSPF database. + OSPF identify using same ID in all directions. + Default uses highest IP address of active physical interface st 202.15.32.2124 so 172.:16.0.1116) Eo Router-ID 202.15.322 10.00.18 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 205R( \ soo s00 1921881.100 a eee 192 1082.100 Exstarestage LL, Lusillstatexchange myisoutersid 192.168.1300 5 80 No Lillstart exchange my.routerid 192.168.2100 (higher) a Here is summary of my database Here is cummary of my datahace ___ “Thanks for the information 1 Ee Ae OSPF tables Neighbor table Contains lit of directly connected routers ZO ‘show Ip ospfnelghbor rosea Routing table seoaa “The best route tothe destination ‘show Ip route NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 206Database Table OSPF Tables MOA. » referred to as LSDB (link state database) Contains information about all the possible routes to the networks with inthe area > # show Ip ospf database Ail the routers must have the same database 2.108100 — 2.182.100 Loading stage = LSR eS ALSKek Fou tea Routers have synchronized database Calculate the best route (10"BW) NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 207OSPF Convergence » Incremental updates » Periodically send hello packets are sent every 10 seconds ( dead ~ 40 sec) » Convergence rate is fast (40 sec) Issues with Maintaining a Large OSPF Network aes OA. My SPF algorithm, runs too many times | am receiving too many advertisements (LSA) My Database & Routing table is too big {am runing low on memory idiione ® © ° . r + All the routers must have the same database. + Any change in the database advertised to all routers. NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 208Issues with Maintaining a Large OSPF Network NGA, : Solution : OSPF areas ‘Area is logical grouping of Routers. + All the routers must have the same database with in area + Any change in the database advertised to all routers with in area Concept of areas NA. » Area is logical grouping of Routers . » All the routers maintain same database with in the same Area. » Any change impact all the routers withthe same area > Minimizes size of database » Restrict any changes with in that area. (not flood outside area), » Routers within the same area participate in Algorithm NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 209OSPF area design Rules XA, > Must have one area called as area 0( Its backbone area) » All the non-backbone areas must connect to area 0, (Area 0 must be transit area) » Atleast one Area Border Router ( connecting two or more areas) » Interfaces of both routers facing must be in the same Area. ‘Configuring OSPF OA. (configh router ospf (config-router network area + Process ID is a number used to identify an OSPF routing process on the router. ‘+ Multiple OSPF processes can be started on the same router. ‘+The number can be any value between 1 and 65,535. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 210LAB: OSPF Single Area NA, Ra(confighrouter ospf1 Ra(config-outer}inetwork 192.168.10 0.00255 areao Rer(config-outerjinetwork 100.00 0.255255.255 area o Re2(confighrouter ospft Rea{config-routerpnetwork 192.1682. 0.00255 area 0 Rea{config-router}inetwork 11.000 0.255255.255 area 0 Rea{config-routernetwork 10.000 0.255.255.255 area 0 Res(confghrouter ospft Res{config-routernetwork 192.1683.0 0.0.0255 area Resiconfig-router}inetwork 11.000 0.255.255.255 area 0 NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 211LAB: OSPF using Multiple Areas MOA. Raconfighrouter ospft Rer{configeouterynetwork 192.168.10 0.0.0.255 area 10 Ra(config-routerinetwork 1000.0 0.255.255.255 area 10 ia imasesioze Re2(confighrouter ospf 1 aM OA, R-2(config routernetwork 192.18.20 0.00.55 area 0 Re2(config-outer}snetwork 11.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 20 Rea(configrouternetwork 100..0 0.255.255.255 area 10 Res(confighrouterospf1 Res(config-outenanetwork 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 20 Res(configouter}snetwork 1.0.00 0.255.255.255 area 20 og 23080728 NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 212‘Advantages of OSPF ‘Open standard No hop count limitations Faster convergence Disadvantages of OSPF ‘Consume more CPU resources. ‘Complex design rules NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 213LAB: DYNAMIC ROUTING USING OSPF IN SINGLE AREA Pre-requirement for LAB (check previous labs) ‘* Design the topology ( connectivity ) ‘© Assign the IP address according to diagram * Make sure that interfaces used should be in UP UP state TASK ‘© Configure Dynamic routing using OSPF single area as per the diagram ‘© Verify Routing table and reachability between the LAN’s (using PING and TRACE commands) Re#sh ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 100.0.0/8 Is directly connected, Serialo/o CC 192.168.1.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-2ush Ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 CC 192.168.2.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-3ish Ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.0.0/8 Is directly connected, Serlalo/o C_ 192.168.3.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o Router- 1 R-i(configirouter ospf 1 NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 214R-1(config-routersinetwork 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area Re(config-router)inetwork 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area o Router ~ 2 R-2(configtrouter ospf 1 R-2(config-router)inetwork 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R-2(config-routerinetwork 11.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 R-2(config-router}inetwork 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 _EEEeE]E]]>]777RE EE: Router ~ 3 R-a(configirouter ospf 1 R-3(config-router}inetwork 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R-3(config-router}network 11.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 R-2#show ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri_ State Dead Time Address Interface 192.168.1100 0 FULL/- 00:00:35 1000.1 _—_Serialo/o 192.1683.100 0 FULL/- — 00:00:37 11.002 _Serialo/1 R-1#show ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 100.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o 192.168.1.0/24 Is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-tish ip route ospf © 11.0000 [110/128] via 10.0.0.2, 00:04:25, Serialo/o © 192.168.2.0 [110/65] via 10.0.0.2, 00:04:25, Serialo/o © 192.168.3.0 [110/128] via 10.0.0.2, 00:03:23, Serialo/o R-2#show Ip route ospf © 192.168.1.0 [110/65] via 10.0.0.1, 00:05:09, Serialo/o © 192.168.3.0 (110/65] via 11.0.0.2, 00:04:14, Serlalo/1 R-sishow Ip route ospf © 10.0.0. [110/128] via 11.0.0.1, 00:04:49, Serialo/o _192.168.1.0 [110/125] via 11.0.0.1, 00:04:49, Serialo/o O 192.168.2.0 [110/65] via 11.0.0.1, 00:04:49, Serlalo/o Ret#show ip protocols Routing Protocol is "OSB" NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 215Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Router ‘Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal o stub 0 nssa Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: Routing Information Soureé Gateway Distance Last Update 10.0.0.2 110 00:05:46 Distance: (default Is 110) R-t#show Ip ospf database (OSPF Router with ID (192.168.1.100) (Process ID 1) Router Link Link ID ADV Router Age == Seq#_— Checksum Link count 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.100 468 _0x80000003 oxoodtf4 3 192.168.2.100 192.168.2.100 411 0x80000005 oxoos4e6 5 192.168.3.100 192.168.3.100 411 —_0x80000003 oxooT0ad 3 PC>ipcontig IP Address... Subnet Mash Default Gateway. PC>ping 192.168.2.1 Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. PC>ping 192.168.3.1 ging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. =32 tim« Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 tim« Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 tim« PC>tracert 192.168.3.1 Tracing route to 192.168.3.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 5ms 8ms sms 192.168.1.100 2: 12ms 9ms ems 1000.2 3. 17ms 6ms 2ms 11.002 4 246ms 27ms 25ms 192.1683. Trace complete. Reaping. 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is TOO)PEFCERE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 9/16/31 ms R-seping 192.168.1.1 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 216Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: ge Success rate is TOGIpEFERHE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 10/15/18 ms NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 217LAB: DYNAMIC ROUTING USING OSPF MULTIPLE AREA 192.108.1369 664 192.168.3.1 16 165.3.2 e168. 1.2 192-168.1.0/24 ‘ 192.168.3.0/24 Pre-requirement for LAB (check previous labs) ‘* Design the topology ( connectivity ) ‘© Assign the IP address according to diagram, ‘© Make sure that interfaces used should be in UP UP state TASK: * Dynamic routing using OSPF multiple area * Verify Routing table and reachability between the LAN’s (using PING and TRACE commands ) Rev#sh Ip route Gateway of last resort Is not set C 100.0.0/8 Is directly connected, Serlalo/o CC. 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o Re2#sh ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 100.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serlalo/o C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/1 C__192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o R-3#sh ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.0.0/8'is directly connected, Serialo/o CC. 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/o Router- 1 Re(config)irouter ospf 1 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 218R-r(config-router}inetwork 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 10 Re(config-router)inetwork 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 10 Router — R-2(configtrouter ospf 1 R-2(config-router)inetwork 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R-2(config-routerynetwork 1.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 20 R-2(config-router)inetwork 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 10 _EEEeE]E]]>]777RE EE: Router — 3 R-a(configirouter ospf 1 R-3(config-router}inetwork 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 20 R-3(config-router)network 11.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 20 a ee R-2#show ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri_ State Dead Time Address Interface 192.1683.100 0 FULL/- 00:00:39 11.002 —_Serialo/1 192.168.1100 0 FULL/- 00:00:39 10.0.0.1 _—Serialo/o R-14show ip route Gateway of last resort is not set C 100.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serialo/o C__192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEtherneto/0 R-1#show ip route ospf OIA 11.0.0. [110/128] via 10.0.0.2, 00:06:24, Serialovo OIA 192.168.2.0 [110/65] via 10.0.0.2, 00:06:24, Serialo/o OIA 192.168.3.0 [110/129] via 10.0.0.2, 53, Serlalo/o R-2#show Ip route ospf © 192.168.1.0 [110/65] via 10.0.0.1, 00:08:31, Serialo/o © 192.168.3.0 [110/65] via 11.0.0.2, 00:08:04, Serlalo/1 R-s#show Ip route ospf OIA 10.0.0.0 [110/128] via 11.0.0.1, 00:08:21, Serialovo OIA 192.168.1.0 [110/129] via 11.0.0.1, 00:08:21, Serialo/o OIA 192.168.2.0 [110/65] via 1.0.0.1, 00:08:21, Serlalo/o Ret#sh ip ospf database NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 219OSPF Router with ID (192.168.1.100) (Process ID 1) Router Link States (Atea10) LinkID ADV Router Age Seq#_—_Checksum Link count 192.168.1.100192.168.1.100 902 _0x80000003 oxoo3bsb 3 192.168.2.100192.168.2.100 902 0x80000002 0x00e758 2 Summary Net Link States (AF8SI10) Link ID ADV Router = Age Seqi ‘Checksum 192.168.2.0192.168.2.100 905 080000001 oxoos7cb 1.0.0.0 192.168.2100 905 _0x80000002 0xo0063d 192.168.3.0 192.168.2.100 870 080000003 oxooca1S R-2#show Ip ospf database (OSPF Router with ID (192.168.2.100) (Process ID 1) Router Link States Link ID ADV Router Age = Seq#_—Checksum Link count 192.168.2.100 192.168.2.100 708 _0x80000002 ox0070d6 1 Summary Net Link States (Area 0) Link ID ADV Router Age —— Seq#_— Checksum 11.000 —192.168.2.100 698 _0x90000001 ox00083¢ 10.000 192.168.2.100 689 _0x80000002 0x001331 192.168.1,0. 192.168.2.100 689 080000008 ox00¢001 192.1683.0 192.168.2.100 663 080000004 oxo0c816 Router Link States (AE3/10) Link ID ADV Router Age Seqt Checksum Link count 192.1682.100 192.168.2.100 694 0x80000002 ox0de758 2 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.100 694 (0x#0000003 oxoo3bsb 3 Summary Net Link States (Area 10) LinkID ADV Router Age Seqs_—_ Checksum 192.168.2.0 192.168.2.100 697 0x80000001 ox0057¢b 11.0.0.0 192.168.2.100 697 (0x80000002 0x00063d_ 49216630 "192.168.2100 652 Oxs0000003 oxODEaS Router Link States (AFEA/20) Link ID ADV Router Age Seqi ‘Checksum Link count 1921662100 192.168.2100 666" oxs0000002 0:000853 2 192.168.3.100 192.168.3.100 668 0x80000003 oxoo10ad 3 Summary Net Link Link ID ADV Router Age Seq Checksum 192.168.2.0192.168.2.100 703 080000001 oxo057cb 10.0.0.0 192.168.2100 689 —_0x80000002 0x001331 192.168.1.0 192.168.2.100 689 080000003 0x00e001 PC>ipconfig IP Address. 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.100 PC>ping 192.168.2.1 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 220Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time PC>ping 192.168.3.1 Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. y7ms TTL=125, eply from 192.168.3.1: ams TTL=125 Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes sms TTL=125 PC>tracert 192.168.3.1 Tracing route to 192.168.3.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 5ms 8ms ams — 192.168.1.100 2. 12ms 9ms sms 1000.2 3°17ms 6ms ms 11.002 4 26ms 27ms 25ms —192.168.3.1 Trace complete. Revsping 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds: ae Success rate is TOOIPEFEERE (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 9/16/31 ms R-3#ping 192.168.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: at Success rate is 100)BeFCeht (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 10/15/18 ms NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 221LAB: ospf multi- area ~ Redundant links fesionia| cee Wos.0/24 192.168.2.0/24 Pre-requirement for LAB (check previous labs) ‘+ Design the topology ( connectivity ) ‘© Assign the IP address according to diagram. ‘© Make sure that interfaces used should be in UP_UP state TASK: © Dynamic routing using OSPF multiple area ‘+ Verify Routing table and reachability between the LAN’s (using PING and TRACE commands ) R-t(configh! router ospf 1 R-t(config-router)+ network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 R-1(config-router)+network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 10 R-t(config-router)sexit R-t(configh R-2(config-routeryrouter ospf 2 R-2(config-router)network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R-2{config-router)snetwork 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 R-2{config-router+network 1.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 R-2(config-routerend R-3(confightrouter ospf 3 R-3(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 20 R-3(config-router)#network 11.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 R-3(config-routerend R-3ish Ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID ~ Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 192.168.2100 0 FULL/- 00:00:38 11.00.1 _Serialo/o NNOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 222R-34sh Ip protocols Routing Protocol is “ospf 3” ‘Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Router ID 192.168.3.100 ‘Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal o stub 0 nssa Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 20 11.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 192.168.1.100 11006: 192.168.2100 11006: 192.1683.100 11000: Distance: (default is 110) R-3#sh ip route ospf © 10.0.0. [110/128] via 11.0.0.1, 00:00:12, Serialo/o OIA 192.168.1.0 [110/129] via 11.0.0.1, 00:00:12, Serialo/o © 192,168.2.0 [110/65] via 11.0.0.1, 00:00:12, Serialo/o R-2ish ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID” Pri State Dead Time Address __ Interface 192.168.3100 0 FULL/ - 38 11.00.2 _ Serialo/. 192.168.1.100 0 FULL/ - $39 10.00.1 —_Serialo/o R-2#sh ip route ospf OIA 192.168.1.0 [110/65] via 10.0.0.1, 00:01:07, Serialo/o OIA 192.168.3.0 [110/65] via 1.0.0.2, 00:00:28, Serialo/1 R-tiish ip route ospf © 11.0.0 [110/128] via 10.0.0.2, 00:01:17, Serialo/o QO _192,168.2.0 [110/65] via 10.0.0.2, 00:01:17, Serialo/o OIA 192.168.3.0 [110/129] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:38, Serialo/o R-tiish ip ospf database (OSPF Router with ID (192.168.1.100) (Process ID 1) Router Link States (Area 0) Link 1D ADV Router Age Seq Checksum Link count 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.100 109 _0x80000002 oxoofasd 2 192.168.2.100192.168.2.100 80 (0x80000005 oxo09c9e 5 192.168.3.100 192.168.3.100 80 ‘0x80000002 oxoofc3e 2 Summary Net Link States (Area 0) LinkID ADV Router Age Seq Checksum 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.100 174 _0x80000001 oxoossbb 192.168.3.0 192.168.3.100 72 (0x80000001 oxo045db Router Link States (Area 10) Link ID ADV Router Age = Seq#_— Checksum Link count NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 223192.168.1.100 192.168.1.100 179 _0x80000002 oxoo7edo 1 Summary Net Link States (Area 10) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq? Checksum 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.100 169 _0x80000001 oxo01c2a 192.168.2.0192.168.1.100 104 080000002 oxoodeo4 11.0.0.0192.168.1.100 104 + 0x80000003 oxo0sd75 192.168.3.0 192.168.1.100 65 (9x80000004 0x00524d R-t#ping 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout Is 2 seconds: Success rate Is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 2/5/15 ms R-t#traceroute 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 192.168.3.1 1 10002 msec omsec 2msec 2°11.00.2 msec 13 msec_1 msec 3 192.1683.1 2msec Omsec 1 msec TASK: ‘© Connect Wan link between R1-R3 * Assing IP address given in the diagram and advertise in ospF area 0. 92.16.14 sonteusoe 92.1083. swn.s0812 a 105.3.0/24 192.108.20/26 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions.com Page 224R-tash ip int brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEtheneto/o—_192.168.1.100 YES manual up up FastEtherneto/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serialo/o 30.001 YES manual up up Serialo/1 12.001 YES manual up up Reveping 120.02 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.0.0.2, timeout Is 2 seconds: Success rate Is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/6/13 ms R-r(config}router ospf 1 R-1(config-router)anetwork 12.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 Rer(config-router)sexit R-3(confightrouter ospf 3 R-3(config-router)anetwork 12.0.0.0 0,255.255.255 area 0 R-3(config-router)send R-3ish ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID” Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 192.168.1100 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 12.0.1 Serialo/1 192.168.2.100 0 FULL/ 36 11.00.1 _Serialo/o R-tiish ip route ospf ‘© 11.0.0. [110/128] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:30, Serialo/o [110/128] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:30, Serialo/1 _192,168.2.0 [110/65] via 10.0.0.2, 00:04:21, Serialo/o (OIA 192.168.3.0 [110/65] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:30, Serialo/1 R-titraceroute 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 192.1683.1 1 1200.2 omsec omsec 2msec 2 192.1683.1 Tmsec omsec 1 msec R-t(confighsint so/o R-1(configyido sh ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri_State Dead Time Address __Interface 192.1683.100 0 FULL/- 0:00:34 1200.2 R-1(confighido sh ip route ospf © 11.0.0.0 110/128] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:29, Serialo/1 © 192.168.2.0 [110/129] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:29, Serialo/1 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 225OIA 192.168.3.0 [110/65] via 12.0.0.2, 00:01:21, Serialo/1 R-#traceroute 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 192.168.3.1 1 12002 8msec omsec omsec 2 192.1683.1 msec Omsec oO msec Re#traceroute 192.168.2.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 192.168.2.1 Tmsec 1msec msec 2msec 3msec 1 msec 3 192,168.21 2msec 1msec 2msec R-t(confighsint so/0 R-r(config-if#no shutdown Ret(config-ifwend R-tésh ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri_ State Dead Time Address Interface 192.168.2100 0 FULL/ - 34 1000.2 _ Serialo/o 192.168.3100 0 FULL/ - 2 -12.00.2 —_ Serialo/ R-t#sh ip route ospf O 11.0.0.0 [110/128] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:02, Serialo/1 {110/128} via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:02, Serialoo © 192.168.2.0 [110/65] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:02, Serialo/o OIA 192.168.3.0 [110/65] via 12.0.0.2, 00:02:21, Serialo/1 R-titraceroute 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 192.1683.1 1 1200.2 Smsec_1msec 2msec 2 192.1683.1 4msec 2msec oO msec NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 226Test your ski What are the advantages of dynamic routing over static routing? Define routing & routed protocols? Differentiate Dynamic Routing protocols types? Define Classfull & Classless protocols with example? List some of the features of RIP protocol? Explain RIP timers? Differentiate the RIP versions? Write syntax to configure RIPV2. List the advantages and disadvantages with RIP routing protocoft What is Administrative distance? Write down the default AD values of EIGRP, RIP, and OSPF? Define Autonomous System Number? Differentiate public & private AS? Differentiate IGP « EGP? What is BGP? List out some of the features of EIGRP protocol? Explain EIGRP basic process? Explain EIGRP tables? (Neighbor, topology, routing table) ‘What isthe default convergence time in EIGRP? Define Successor & Feasible Successor? ‘What are the parameters used by EIGRP in metric calculation & write down the default valuest Why do we need to change Bandwidth in real production networks? What are K-values in EIGRP, write down the default k ~values? Write down the EIGRP metric formula with default K-values? Write down the formula used in EIGRP for overall Bandwidth and delay in the metric calculation? Write syntax to configure EIGRP. List out some of the features of OSPF protocol? NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 227‘* List & explain the seven stages of OSPF process? © What is Router-id in OSPF? ‘+ Explain OSPF tables? (Neighbor, Database, routing table) ‘+ What is the major difference between OSPF database & EIGRP topology table? ‘© What is the default convergence time in OSPF? ‘© What are the issues we can get in to with OSPF routing protocols in large networks? ‘+ What is OSPF area? Why there is a need for areas in OSPF? ‘© Write syntax to configure OSPF. NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 228Basic Switching Concepts Cisco Switch OA. Provides centralized location to connect devices with in the LAN. Switch Te NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 229Basic LAN setup » Connect 4 computers in the LAN using Switch » Configure IP addressing on all PC using 192.168.1.0/24 network. » Check Connectivity between all the PC using Ping command Hub MOA, ‘rene Aca Switch 1. Ithas no intelligence. 2. It always do broadcasts 3. It works with o's and 1’s (Bits) 14, Ithas 1 Broadcast Domain 5. Ithas 1 Collision Domain. }6. Itworks with shared bandwidth Its is An Intelligent device & maintains a Ie works with Physical addresses (Le. ;. Number of Collision domains depends MAC address table, It uses broadcast. and Unicast MAC addresses) Ithas 1 Broadcast domain by default upon the number of ports. It works with fixed bandwidth NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions com Page 230ARP process NA. Switch identify devices based on Mac-address (a 192168.12 192.168.13 yor agg.tg 192.168. AB AC ‘AD ne SE ARP process NEA. Switch identify devices based on Mac-address 192.168.1.2 168.1. 192,168.11 192.168. Ac AD ee 2D SE NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 231AR? verification PCoping 192:168.1.2 Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=tms TTL=128 Reply from 192.1612: bytes=32 timeoms TTL=128, Reply from 192:168.12: bytes=32 time=oms TTL=128, Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=oms TTL=128 PCping 192.168.13, Pinging 192.168.1.3 with 32 bytes of data Reply from 192.168.123: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.13: bytes=32 time=oms TTL=128 Reply from 192:168.13: bytes=32 time=oms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.1.3: bytes=32 time=oms TTL=128 PC>arp-a Internet Address Physical Address_Type 192.168.1.2 00c.8547.85b2 dynamic 192.168.1.3, 060.5c31.6aeb dynamic How switch Learn MAC address XN DA, MAC+able Entries — moe D- rwareera-2c D- 2 =? to 192.168.1.1 AB { 168.1.1 20 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 232How switch Learn MAC address NA, S -2C- fos aA lel 192.168.1.1 2D to2teett 19216812 19216813 rea as ‘Ac ‘AD Oe How switch Learn MAC address OA. S -192.1681.2 AC D -t92.16814 26 ag fo 2 lo 3 Ss 192,168.14 aa 20 tora6e1a —192.168.1.2—192, AB ac AD NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 233MAC-table verification PC>ping 192.168.1.2 Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 timesoms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=oms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes~32 time=oms TTL=128 Reply from 19216812: bytes=32 time=oms TT PCoping 192.168.1.3, Pinging 192:168.1.3 with 32 bytes of data Reply from 192.168.13: bytes=32 time=tms TT Reply from 192,168.13: bytes=32 time=oms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.13: bytes~32 time=oms TTL=128 Reply from 192,168.13: bytes~32 time=oms TTL=128 MAC-table verification PCoping 192.168.1.4 Pinging 192.168.1.4 with 32 bytes of data Reply from 192,168.14: bytes=32 time=tms TTL=128 Reply from 192,168.14: bytes=32 time=tms TTL=128 Reply from 192,168.14: bytes~32 timesoms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.14: bytes=32 time=oms TT Switch>sh mac-address-table Mac Address Table Type Ports 1 o0a.419b8cas DYNAMIC Fa0/s, 1 o00c.esa7.sb2 DYNAMIC F20/2 1 o060.5c31.6aeb DYNAMIC F20/4 1 oodofebsdad DYNAMIC Fa0/t NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor,Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 4 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 234Switch basic functions MOA. » If destination address present in mac-table - Switch do unicast » If destination address not present in mac-table - Switch do broadcast ( flooding) > Switches update the MAC-table based on source address . > Max-age time for mac-entries is 300 seconds of inactivity. CSMA/CD NEA, » Carrier sense Multiple access / Collision detection » Protocol for carrier transmission access in Ethernet networks. » Collisions are identified using CSMA/CD » CSMA/CD works in Wired LAN » CSMA/CA works in Wireless LAN NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 235Carrier sense Multiple Access / Collision detection tit ft Carrier sense Multiple Access / Collision detection | NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 236Collision Domain MOA. A collision domain is a network segment with two or more devices sharing the same bandwidth. (where there is a chance of collision) Hubs © shared bandwidth ‘one collision domain, Switches dedicated bandwidth © collision domain depends on number of ports Types of Switches NGA, Unmanageable switches plug and play (Connect « use) No configurations and verifications can be done There is no console port. Manageable switches » also plug and play (Connect & use) © Ithas console port and CLI access. We can verify and modify configurations and can implement and test some advance switching technologies ( VLAN, trunking , STP) NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 237Cisco’s Hierarchical Design Model NOA, seca Pex 1900 & 2900 (L2 switches) Catalyst 1900 Distribution Layer 3550, 3560, 3750 (L3 switches or multi-layer switches) Cbco 3550 Cisco 3560 Cisco’s Hierarchical Design Model NEA, 7 Core Layer 44500, 6500 (L3 switches or multi-layer switches) 4500 , 6500 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 238Initial configuration of a switch: NA, Console Connectivity ( PC ~ Switch) $e i505 creala cae Lan = 10.0.00/8 Initial configuration of a switch: NEA, 7 Emulation Software ( Hyper-terminal, putty, Secure CRT) ads: € commis 6 stoic, R= AIP, M ebile = BP 6 > Efe 6 “eich eatcens] her Unter aren SPE external ype 1.°E2 OSPF external type 2 TSo18 “au 18-18 sumuary, LL - T'IS Tovel"T, (2 - 18-18 tevel-2 Ig-Ig inter area. =" candidate default U ~'per-user static route 08 P *"periedie downloaded static route [Gotewy of last resort is 192.168.10.1 to network 0.0.0.0 192,168.20, ie AERTS. 1, 00:00:96, FastEthernet0/0 68-0 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions,com Page 239Modes on Cisco Switches User Mode: ‘Only some basic monitoring Switch> Privileged Mode:~ ‘monitoring and some troubleshooting Switch Global Configuration mode:- A\ll Configurations that effect the switch globally Switch(configh Interface mode:- Configurations done on the specific interface Switch(config: ‘Switch>show flash XM OA, Directory of fash: 1 -twe 4414921 <0 date> c2veotanbase-mu.12225 FX.bin 64016384 bytes total (59601463 bytes free) ‘Switch>show version {Cisco 10S Sofware, C2050 Software (C2060 LANBASE-M), Version 12209X, RELEASE SOFTWARE fe Copyright(c 1986-2005 by Chco Systems, Ine Compiled Wed 12.0ct0s 2205 by pt seam ROM: C2940 Boot Loader (C2950 HBOOT-M) Version 12.2050)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fs) Sytem retumed to ROM by poweron (Clic WS-Caseo 24TT (RCs2300) proceso revision Co with 2103K bytes of memory. 24 FastEtherne IEEE $02.3 ltrfces 2 Gigabit Ethere IEEE 023 itrfces 206K bytes of flassnuatednon-ylatle configuration memory (Some curput ion the next page) NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 240Base ethernet MAC Address Motherboard assembly number Power suply part number Motherboard sera! number Powersupply sera number Mode! revision number Motherboard revision number Mode number Sytem serialnumber Top Assembly Part Number Top Assembly Revision Number Version 1D Vor (CLEI Code Number Hardwate Board Revision Number : 011 Switch Ports Model Bo cy Es 91 26 WS-Cas6026TT Configuration register Is oxF m2 Switch>show ip interface brief Imre evddess FastEthemetot—unasgned FstEthemeto?—_unaslaned FastEthemeto3unasigned (Ok? Method Status YES manual down ‘YES manual down ‘YES manual down FestEthermet/23 FastEthermet/24 Gigabsherne Gigabiteieret2 Vins unasigned unastaned unasined nase ase YES manual down ‘YES manual down YES manual down YES manus! down cofasFesons Focios2s6M) DcAToa3JA, SW Version W5-caseo2TT FocionZiEY wwo2ser-2 COMaKCoBRA SW Image (€2960-LANBASEM Protocol down down down YES manual administratively down down NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions com Page 241Switch> ping 1.1.1.1 ‘Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeouts 2 seconds: Success rate is 0 percent (0/3) Switch > traceroute 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 1.1.1. Privilege Mode OA. » Complete monitoring Switch # » All show commands, Copy , erase commands Switch> enable Switch # ‘Switch # show flash Switch # show version Switch #show ip interface brief Switch ping 1.1.1.1 Switch # traceroute 50.1.1.1 ‘Switch # show running-config, (configs in RAM) Switch # show startup-config, (configs in NVRAM) Switch # Copy (save configurations) Switch # erase {erase configurations) NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 242‘SWrash interfaces status Port Fave Favs Fava Fava Fava Favs Fave Rv revs Fave Favio Fav Fava Favs Fave Favs Name staus Vian otconnect 1 connected tune connected rune connected tune connected tune connected 15 connected 16 comeced 11 comected 18 conmeced 19 connected trunk conmected trunk conected unk abled 143 comeced 21 Duplex Speed Type auto auto 101008aseTX. full 10 1/1008.eTX full 100 1/t008aeTX full 100 r/roobaeTX full 100 1/1o0baeTX {ull 10 r/10aseTX full 10 1/108aseTX full 100 1/108aseTX full 100 1/108aseTX auto auto 10/1008aseTX fil 00 s0/100BaueTX fil 109 a/i0BsseTX. fil 10 a/i0BaseTX. full 19 a/i0BaseTX, auto auto 1/1008aeTX fll 0 10/108aseTX To check the mac-address entries in the MAC table ‘Switchs show mac-address-table Mac Address Table 1 1 1 Vian Mac Address 000.4196. 8¢a9 (000c.8547-85b2 (0060. 5¢31.63eb 0d0.ffab dad Type DYNAMIC. DYNAMIC DYNAMIC DYNAMIC Faovs Fao Fao Faort NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA. +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www.noasolutions com Page 243Changing Hostnames MOA. Without names, network devices are difficult to identify for configuration purposes. Configuring Device Names Switch # Switch # configure terminal Switch (config) # res Switch (config) # hostname SW-1 ‘SW-1 (config) # Hostnames allow devices to be identified by network administrators over a network Assigning Passwords NA, Ry Console Port femme » Console » Auxiliary > VTY line (telnet) Rollover ‘Computer R}45t0DB9 sate rs cis Ee 9 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 wuw.noasolutions.com Page 244Assigning console password: Switch(config) # line con 0 ‘Switch(config-line) # password (ine mode) ‘Switch(config-line) # login ‘Switch(config-line) # exit Assigning Auxiliary password: Switch(config) # line aux 0 ‘Switch(config-line) # password (line mode) Switch(configeline) # login Switch(configeline) # exit Assigning Telnet password: A. Switch(config) # line vty 0 4 Switch(config-line) #password (line mode) Switch(config-line) #login Switch(config-line) #exit Hyderabad Bengaluru NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall, Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 245Initial configuration of Switch for telnet Access MOA. Switches can be configured with IP address for remote access To assign IP to a Switch switch(confight Interface Vian 1 switch(configrif ip address switeh(config- no shutdown To assign Default Gateway to a Switch mene switch(confight ip default-gateway 192.168.1.100 MOA, Switch(configyinterface vian 1 na Switchiconfig-ifytip address 192.168.1.50 255.255.255.0 Switchiconfig-ifyino shutdown Switch(config-ifyrexit Switch(confighvip default-gateway 192.168.1.100 PC>ping 192.168.1.50 Pinging 192.168.1.50 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out, Reply from 192.168.1.50: bytes=32 time=oms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.1.50: bytes=32 time=oms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.1.50: bytes=32 time=oms TTL=255 NOA solutions,N.K Arcade, 2nd & 3rd floor, Opposite to banjara function hall,Banjara hills road no 1 Hyderabad, INDIA, +91 40 65890380, +91 7036826345 www noasolutions.com Page 246