Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Problema
Se cunoa]te un set n + 1 perechi de valori ( x, y ) , deumite noduri de interpolare
x0
x1
x2
....
xn
y0
y1
y2
....
yn
n
x xj
y n (x ) =
i = 0 j =0 xi x j
j i
n
yi
Principiul metodei
Se determin` polinomul de interpolare y n (x ) dup formula polinomului Lagrange de
interpolare de gradul dorit ( 1, 2,, n).
Cazuri particulare ale polinomului Lagrange de interpolare
y1 (x ) =
-
x x0
x x1
y0 +
y1
x0 x1
x1 x 0
x x0 x x2
x x0 x x1
x x1 x x 2
y0 +
y1 +
y2
x0 x1 x0 x 2
x1 x 0 x1 x 2
x 2 x0 x 2 x1
y 2 (x ) =
.......
-
x xk
x x0 x x 2
x xk
x x1 x x 2
y0 +
L
L
y1 +
x0 x1 x0 x 2 x0 x k
x1 x0 x1 x 2 x1 x k
y k (x ) =
+L+
x x0 x x1
x x k 1
L
yk
x k x0 x k x1 x k x k 1
Exemplu de calcul
Problem:
xi
yi
Rezolvare:
1. Polinomul Lagrange de interpolare de gradul 1 ntre punctele ( x0 , y 0 ) i ( x1 , y1 ) :
y1( 01) ( x ) =
x x0
x x1
x2
x0
y0 +
y1 =
1 +
1 = 1
x0 x1
x1 x0
02
20
Verificare:
x = 0 : y1( 01) (0 ) = 1
x = 2 : y1( 01) (1) = 1
y1(12 ) ( x ) =
x x2
x x1
x3
x2
y1 +
y2 =
1 +
5 = 4x 7
x1 x 2
x 2 x1
23
3 2
Verificare:
x = 2 : y1(1 2) (2 ) = 1
x = 3 : y1(12 ) (3) = 5
2. Polinomul Lagrange de interpolare de gradul 2 ntre ( x0 , y 0 ) , ( x1 , y1 ) i ( x 2 , y 2 ) :
y 2 (x ) =
x x0 x x2
x x0 x x1
x x1 x x 2
y0 +
y1 +
y2
x0 x1 x0 x 2
x1 x 0 x1 x 2
x 2 x0 x 2 x1
y 2 (x ) =
x2 x3
x0 x3
x0 x2
3 8x + 4x 2
1 +
1 +
5 =
02 03
20 23
30 3 2
3
Verificare:
x = 0 : y 2 (0 ) = 1
x = 2 : y 2 (2 ) = 1
x = 3 : y 2 (3) = 3