DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS MODULE 2 Tutorial Notes by Sam Joshy,SSET

DESIGN OF HELICAL GEARS

Dynamic effects (Dynamic Tooth Load)

When gears rotate at very low speed, the transmitted load Pt can be considered to be the
actual force present between two meshing teeth However in most of the cases the gears
rotate at appreciable speed and it becomes necessary to consider the dynamic force resulting
from impact between mating teeth.
The Dynamic force is induced due to the following factors
1. Inaccuracies of the tooth profile
2. Errors in tooth spacings
3. Misalignment between bearings
4. Elasticity of parts, and
5. Inertia of rotating masses.

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS MODULE 2 Tutorial Notes by Sam Joshy,SSET

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS MODULE 2 Tutorial Notes by Sam Joshy,SSET

1.Design a helical gear drive to transmit 15 kW. Teeth are of 20 deg stub with a helix angle =25
degrees. Transmission ratio is 4:1. Pinion rotates at 2400 rpm. Both gears are made of CI.
STEP 1: SELECTION OF MATERIAL
T23.18
Pinion:
Gear
Static stress
Pinion

BHN

0 1 =
0 2 =

Gear

STEP 2: FIND THE WEAKER ELEMENT

Strength factor =
Lewis form factor y ( Pg 23.28 , E 23.115,116,117)
z Is the number of teeth (Select the minimum number of teeth T 23.6,Pg 23.63)
z1=
z2=
Lewis Form Factor For Helical Gear Is Based On Formative Number Of Teeth
Formative Number Of Teeth ZV (E 23.285)

ZV 1 =
ZV 2 =
y1 for pinion =
y2 for gear =

for pinion , 0 1 y1 =

for gear , strength factor 0 2 y2 =

weaker element is

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS MODULE 2 Tutorial Notes by Sam Joshy,SSET

STEP 3: CALCULATE THE NORMAL MODULE

IN HELICAL GEAR, NORMAL MODULE

transverse module

mn

mt = mn/ cos

mn

IS USED AND STANDARDISED

(E 23.212)

Modifed lewis equation for calculating module

2 Mt Cw
m t
o KvbYz cos

Microsoft Equation
3.0

mt

IMPORTANT: rewrite the above equation in terms of mn

Mt is the torque transmitted

2 N
Mt
60

Mt =

Cw is wear and lubrication factor (T23.47,Pg 23.86)

Assume
Cw =

o =
Substitute Kv as such

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS MODULE 2 Tutorial Notes by Sam Joshy,SSET

Face width b ( E 23.279)
b=

Y = y (E 23.92)

z=
cos =
3

mn K v

Velocity v =

Substitute the values of mn and select mn

mn

Velocity v

Velocity
factor Kv

mn K v

Standard value of mn =

Dimensions of gear and pinion

gear
Teeth z
Pitch circle diameter
addendum

pinion

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS MODULE 2 Tutorial Notes by Sam Joshy,SSET

dedendum

Dynamic load Fd (E 23.309,P 23.60)

Fd Ft

21 v (Ft bC cos 2 ) cos

21 v Ft bC cos 2

Velocity v =
Tangential force (E 23.87a) Ft =

Face width b =

Wear load (E 23.310,P23.60)

Fw

d1bQK
cos 2

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS MODULE 2 Tutorial Notes by Sam Joshy,SSET

2. Design a pair of helical gears to transmit 20kW at 1440 rpm of pinion. Teeth are 14 degree
involute with helix angle = 45 deg. Centre to centre distance between the gears is close to 400
mm. transmission ratio is 4:1
STEP 1: SELECTION OF MATERIAL
T23.18
Pinion:
Gear
Static stress
Pinion

BHN

0 1 =
0 2 =

Gear

STEP 2: FIND THE WEAKER ELEMENT

Strength factor =
Lewis form factor y ( Pg 23.28 , E 23.115,116,117)
z Is the number of teeth (Select the minimum number of teeth T 23.6,Pg 23.63)
z1=
z2=

Lewis Form Factor For Helical Gear Is Based On Formative Number Of Teeth
Formative Number Of Teeth ZV (E 23.285)

ZV 1 =
ZV 2 =
y1 for pinion =
y2 for gear =

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS MODULE 2 Tutorial Notes by Sam Joshy,SSET

for pinion , 0 1 y1 =

for gear , strength factor 0 2 y2 =

weaker element is
STEP 3: CALCULATE THE NORMAL MODULE
IN HELICAL GEAR, NORMAL MODULE
transverse module

mn

mt = mn/ cos

mn

IS USED AND STANDARDISED

(E 23.212)

Modifed lewis equation for calculating module

2 Mt Cw
m t
o KvbYz cos

mt

IMPORTANT: rewrite the above equation in terms of mn

Mt is the torque transmitted

2 N
Mt
60

Mt =

Cw is wear and lubrication factor (T23.47,Pg 23.86)

Assume
Cw =

o =
Substitute Kv as such
Face width b ( E 23.279)
b=

Y = y (E 23.92)

z=

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS MODULE 2 Tutorial Notes by Sam Joshy,SSET

cos =
3

mn K v

Velocity v =

Substitute the values of mn and select mn

mn

Velocity v

Velocity
factor Kv

mn K v

Standard value of mn =

Dimensions of gear and pinion

gear
Teeth z
Pitch circle diameter
addendum
dedendum

Dynamic load Fd (E 23.309,P 23.60)

Fd

pinion

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS MODULE 2 Tutorial Notes by Sam Joshy,SSET

Velocity v =
Tangential force (E 23.87a) Ft =

Face width b =

Wear load (E 23.310,P23.60)

Fw