Physics

150/140

Final Examination
December 16, 2013

Check your section:


MWF 10:00-11:00 Prof. Heiney
__________
TR 12:00-1:30
Prof. Liu

__________
TR 10:30-12:00
Prof. Thomson
__________
MWF 12:00-1:00
Prof. Lipeles
__________
MWF 11:00-12:00 Prof. Lipeles
__________
TWR 10:00-12:00 Prof. Sako

__________

My signature below certifies that I have complied with the University of
Pennsylvania's Code of Academic Integrity in completing this examination.

Name: _____________________________________

Signature: _____________________________________

Penn ID: _____________________________________

Instructions:

1.This is a closed book exam.
2. A 2-page formula sheet is attached. You may tear these pages off.
3. The problems are not all equally weightedbalance your time carefully.
4. For full credit, show all your work. Derive any formulae not on the formula sheet.
5. Draw a box around your final answer, rounded to three significant figures.

#1
/20
#2
/20
#3
/20
#4
/20
#5
/20
#6
/10
#7
/10
Total
/120


Problem 1 (20 Points)
A 30.0 kg child stands on the edge of a solid
uniform disk of mass 100. kg and radius
2.00 m. The disk rotates horizontally about
a fixed vertical axis located at the opposite
edge of the disk from the child. Initially, the
disk and child are rotating
counterclockwise and make 1.00 revolution
every 8.00 seconds. Then the child catches
a ball of mass 5.00 kg thrown by a friend.
As shown in the figure, just before the ball
is caught, it has a horizontal velocity of
magnitude 12.0 m/s at an angle =37.0 to a line tangent to the disk.
(a)
(8 Points) Before the ball is caught, what is the moment of inertia of the disk
and child about the axis?

(b)
(12 Points) After the ball is caught, what is the angular speed of the
disk+child+ball system?

Problem 2 (20 Points)

A wire is 30.0 cm long. It has density 0.230 grams/meter, and is under tension
FT=5.70 N. It is attached to rigid posts at each end.
(a)
(5 Points) Calculate the velocity of a transverse travelling pulse on this wire.
(Be careful with units).






(b)

(5 Points) Calculate the fundamental vibrational frequency.

(c)
(5 Points) Calculate the period of the motion if the wire is in the n=3
standing wave mode.

(d)
(5 Points) At time t=0 the wire is not moving. The top graph shows the
displacement of the wire at time t=0. If T is the period of the motion that you
calculated in part (c), sketch the wires configuration at times t=T/4, t=T/2, and t=T.

t=0

t = 0 milliseconds

t=T/4

t = 0.318 milliseconds

t=T/2

t = 0.635 milliseconds

t=T

t = 1.27 milliseconds

Problem 3 (20 Points)

A newly discovered comet (Balleys Comet) is in an elliptical orbit around the Sun
(which has mass 1.99 x 1030 kg) with orbital period 162 years. Its distance of closest
approach to the Sun is 8.98 x 1010 m where its speed is observed to be 54.1 km/s. The
mass of the comet is 2.53 x 1014 kg.
(a)
(5 points) Calculate the semimajor axis of Balleys orbit.
















(b)
(5 points) What is the farthest distance Balley will get from the Sun?

(c)
(5 points) Balley is observed to fly by the Earth at a distance of 1.50 x 1011 m
from the Sun. What is its speed there? (You can ignore the gravitational force
exerted by the Earth. Note that you can solve this even if you could not do parts a or
b.)



















(d)
(5 points) How much work needs to be done on Balley to change its orbit to
a circular orbit at the distance of closest approach to the Sun? (Note that you can
solve this even if you could not do parts a, b, or c.)

Problem 4 (20 Points)

A block with mass 1.50 kg is initially at
rest on a ramp which makes a 35.0 slope
with the horizontal. It is also resting on
(but not attached to) a massless spring
that is compressed by 0.200 m from its
uncompressed/unstretched length. The
spring constant is 600. N/m. The
coefficients of friction between the block
and the surface are s=0.400 and
k=0.200 for static and kinetic respectively.

(a)
(6 Points) What is the speed of the block when it leaves the spring?














(b)
(6 Points) What is the distance D from the starting position to where the
block first comes to rest?

(c)
(8 Points) If the block resting against the compressed spring were to be
replaced by a larger mass, what is the largest possible mass such that the block will
slide up the ramp from the initial position? (Note that you can solve this even if you
could not do parts a or b.)

Problem 5 (20 Points)

A block of wood with mass m1 rests on a frictionless surface. A horizontal spring
with spring constant k connects to the block to a vertical wall. The block is initially
at rest, and spring is initially unstretched and uncompressed. A bullet with mass m2
and velocity v0 strikes the block and remains embedded within it. Give answers in
terms of m1, m2, v0, and k.

(a)
(8 Points) What is the maximum displacement of the block from its initial
position?

(b)
(6 Points) How much time does it take for the block to return to its starting
position?



















(c)
(6 Points) A second bullet with the same mass and velocity now strikes the
block at exactly the moment the block first returns to its starting position. What is
the new maximum amplitude of the oscillation?


Problem 6 (10 Points)
A uniform disk of mass m and radius r rests on the back of a truck. The truck and
the disk are initially at rest, but then the truck accelerates to the right with
acceleration atruck . Assume that the disk does not fall off the truck and that the
static coefficient of friction is large enough that the disk rolls without slipping
over the truck. What is the acceleration of the center of mass of the disk, as
observed in the reference frame of a person standing on the ground? Specify
both the direction and the magnitude of the acceleration of the disk in terms of
some or all of m, r, and atruck but no other variables.
m,r
atruck

Problem 7 (10 Points)

You are trying to raise a
bicycle wheel of mass m and
radius R up over a curb of
height h. To do this, you
apply a horizontal force of
magnitude F to the center of
the wheel, as shown. What is
the smallest magnitude of
the force F needed to raise
the wheel onto the curb?

Formula Sheet: Physics 140 and 150 Final Exam

W = U
1D Motion with constant acceleration
vx = v0 x + ax t
K i +Ui + Wother = K f +U f

1
x = x0 + v0 x t + ax t 2
2
2
2
vx = v0 x + 2ax ( x x0 )

Fgrav = mg

2D and 3D Motion with constant
acceleration:

v = v0 + at

1
r = r0 + v0 t + at 2
2
Projectile Motion:
ax = 0
ay = g
g = 9.80m/s2
Uniform Circular Motion
v 2 4 2 R
arad = =
R
T 2
2 R
v=
T
Relative Velocity

vP/A = vP/B + vB/A

Newtons Laws

F = ma

FAonB = FBonA
Quadratic formula

ax 2 + bx + c = 0

Frictional Forces
fK = K n
fS S n

b b 2 4ac
2a

Work, Energy, and Power

W = F s = Fs cos W = F dl
1
K = mv 2
Wtot = K
2
dW
P=
= F v
dt

Fx =

U
x

Momentum and Impulse

dp

p = mv
F = dt

J = F dt = p

f F = 0 p = const

Center of Mass

mi ri mi ri

rcm =
=
mi M

P = mi vi = Mvcm

Fext = Macm

x=

1
U spring = kx 2
2

Fspring = kx

U grav = mgy

Rotational Motion
d
d
=
=
dt
dt
vtan = r
atan = r
arad = r 2 =

v2
r

I = mi ri2

I P = I CM + Md 2

1
1
2
2
K = I cm + Mvcm
2
2
ML2
ML2
I thinrodend =
I thinrodmiddle =
3
12
2
MR
2MR 2
I hoop = MR 2
I disk =
I sphere =
2
5

dL
=rF =
= rF sin = rF = rF
dt

= I
P =

L = r p = I

Gravity :
Gm1m2
Fg =
r2
GM
v orbital =
r

L = rpsin

G = 6.67 10 11 N m 2 /kg 2

torsional =

simplependulum =

physicalpendulum =
g
L

v=

M Earth = 5.97 10 24 kg
R Earth = 6.37 10 6 m
MSun = 1.99 10 30 kg
8

R Sun = 6.96 10 m
Mean Earth Sun Distance = 1.50 1011 m

mgd
I

Traveling waves
FT

% 2 ( x vt ) (
y = Acos'
* = Acos( kx t )

&
)
2
2
k=
=

T
v y = A sin( kx t )

Pmax = FT 2 A 2

2a 3 / 2
GM

a = semimajor axis
Gm1m2
2GM
U =
RSchwartzchild = 2
r
c
Astronomical Data

a = A 2 cos ( t + )

P = FT 2 A 2 sin 2 ( kx t )

Kepler's 3rd Law : T =

Oscillations
k
1
spring =
f= =
m
T 2

x = A cos ( t + )
v = A sin ( t + )

Pav =

Standing waves
nv
f=

2L
y(x, t) = Asin ( kx ) sin ( t )

Pmax
2