H00283490

EDU2803

Report on the integration of Special Needs in

mainstream classroom.

Done by:
Ahmad

Aysha

ID
H00283490

number:

Contents
Pages

Cover page .........

1
Introduction ..;.... 3
Suggestion of accommodation and modification
3-4
Specific objectives that is likely to be included for a child; .
4-7
Develop Omar Phonological awareness ..
4-5
Guide Omar to Reading fluency. ..
5-6
Develop Omar communication language.
6-7
Conclusion .
.7
References: ..
........8

Content Page:

Introduction:
Omar is a student in grade one who is in the creative science school.
He is seven years old; most of the time he was isolating himself from
communicating with others and forgetting what the teacher asked
from him to did. His grades range from As to Fs with most of his
scores falling in the failing range. Omar appears to have difficulty on
reading so he flap the words and numbers while he reading. Also he
identified numbers and letters in correct order when he wrote, feel
embarrassed to talk or reading aloud, and he read very slowly when he
scanning the words.
Even though he is struggling with the teacher, and has a talent in
drawing. It would appear that Omar is exhibiting the signs of Dyslexia.
According to the National Institutes of Health research dyslexia defines as
a specific learning disability that is neurobiological in origin. It is characterized by difficulties
with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities.
(Perlstenin, 2015).
Some of Omar
drawing.

Suggestion of accommodation and modification:

Through my observation during teaching practicum I obtained some knowledge about
successful key for effective learning for Omar which are lies in having accommodation and
modification in the classroom.
So an accommodation means the change that helps a student overcome or work around
the disability ("Supports, Modifications, and Accommodations for Students | Center for
Parent Information and Resources", 2016). In Omar case who cant comprehend verbally the
teacher instruction and miss some of them, my MST can give opportunities for him to
comprehend her instruction through talking slowly and repeating sentences many times
because he cant access a lot of instructions on ones in his memory. According to research of
dyslexia, which is showed that people with dyslexia tend to have issues with sequencing
skills, and especially when they have to determine sounds? (Pneuman, 2009). Also she can
tell the instructions orally and written in order to facility the information to access in his
brain.
Another accommodation for Omar in language art class specially with reading time is to
prepare reading story with him before the class with the assisting teacher by providing story
with big font, and attractive picture. Consequently, the student will still expected the same
story, and follow the teacher very well while reading as fully as the other students.
On the other hand modification means a change in what is being to or expected from the
students. ("Supports, Modifications, and Accommodations for Students | Center for Parent
Information and Resources", 2016) Teacher in the class can apply modification in her/his
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class by make the activity of reading more easier for Omar by give simple story through
dividing the paragraph into short sentences. So Omar is not doing the same level of work as
other students did but he stills developing his reading.
Moreover, teacher makes the assignment easier for Omar by removing some words from his
quiz. For example, the class talked 15 words of vocabulary for quiz while Omar talked 8
words because of his disability in saving spelling of words in his memory. Consequently,
Omar could increase his self-stem, proud of his work, and has a desire to learn.

Specific objectives that is likely to be included for a child:

Sometimes the child disability can affect him/her involvement and progress in the general
education curriculum so for this reason the ministry or the school could offer IEP which
means individualized education program. IEP advantages are:
1- Parents can now work with educators to develop a plan for their kid.
2- Help kids succeed in school.
3- Achieve the goals that set for a child during the school year in order to give enough
support needed for the child.
4- A method for evaluating the students progress
5- Allowing children to be taught in a special way and particularly children who have
learning disability like dyslexia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),
cognitive challenges, autism, emotional disorders, etc. ("Individualized Education
Programs (IEPs)", 2016)
Through background information of Omar I picked out three specific objects and afterward
makes a connection between the objective and the domains that relate to it wither was
cognitive, social, or language skill.
The objectives are:

1- Develop Omar Phonological awareness.[ sound level ]

Phonological awareness is essential skill for learning to read any alphabetic writing
system.(Schuele & Murphy, n.d.)
The purposes of choosing this objective for Omar are to help him in:
1- Isolate the beginning or ending sounds in words.
2- Segment and blend sounds in a word with three sounds
3- Change a sound in a word to make a new word in familiar games and songs
Why this objective is important?
This objective is important to encourage Omar to use invented or temporary spelling.
For example, When Omar attempts to write a word, they must first listen to their own
language, segment the sounds in the word, and finally, try to match the sounds with
known letters.

So Omar is going to has extra exploration of sounds through

It helps him to discover more about how sounds and letters
English, and then how to use this knowledge as they read.
Example an Activity for developing Phonological
awareness for Omar disability: (Schuele & Murphy, n.d.)
This picture talked from the students reading book. As we see
picture provides with pictures and less amounts of words in
avoid confusing Omars reading, and encourage him to read.
developing the phonological awareness for Omar he will
many skills such as,
1- Listening skill, through listening to the sounds that they are
2- Reading skill, through looking at letters and trying to
them.
3- Cognitive skill, through remembering the sounds of the letters and reading
automatically (unconsciously).

writing.
work in

the first
order to
Through
develop
read.
blending

On the other hand, the second picture is for normal student who is in emerged level in
reading.
Strategies could make the learning effective:
-

Re read the word for the students.

Design your activity with big fonts.
Use attractive picture with nice color.
Give extra time for your child in reading.

2- Guide Omar to Reading fluency.

Reading fluency is defined as the ability to read with speed, accuracy, and proper
expression. In order to understand what they read, children must be able to read
fluently whether they are reading aloud or silently. (PIKULSKI & CHARD, 2003)
The purposes of choosing this objective for Omar are to help him in:
-

Recognized the word automatically so the child become satisfy and proud of his
reading because his reading become faster, and smoother.
The child read with full expression which that tends to comprehend what he is
reading.
Guide the child to read independently and read silent reading later.

Example an Activity for developing the fluency of Omar Reading:

Reading story:
In Omar case, the way to guide him to be a good reader is to picked up a book that is
not in language arts curriculum. For instance, he can listen to auditory story online
which its characters are with big fonts, high-lighting the new word, in his interested,
and fun in use it.
This is Omar picture when he read online and later teacher come to assess him.
Through reading fluency the child can develop many skills such as;
- Language skill, through gaining vocabularies, the accents of the words, and later
using the new vocabularies in their speaking.
5

Reading skill, through chunking the words.

Listening skill, following the auditory subject, and listen to his reading.
Cognitive skill, recognizing and reading some words automatically. (PIKULSKI &
CHARD, 2003)

Strategies could make the Reading fluency effective:

-

Modeled reading, by reading with clear and accurate voice.

Pick up book that interested for the dyslexia students.
Repeat reading familiar text.
Chunking the text with dyslexia student.
Read the new vocabulary word in home to be familiar with.

3- Develop Omar communication language.

Communication language: is a way for person to say his ideas, though, and
expressing their feeling to others.
The purposes of choosing this objective for Omar are to help him in:
- Make Omar active in the class and communicate with his peers.
- Encouraging Omar to ask for what he needs.
- Giving opportunities to express his thoughts, ideas and emotions.
Why this objective is important?
Many dyslexia students have negative emotional impact about their disability in the
classroom so they become to isolate their self from communicating, stop learning, and
hate school. So the school has to offer a safe and comfortable environment in order to
continue learning and be creative.
Example an Activity for communication language:
My lovely words Activity.
Omar struggling to find the rightward to say for what he needs which that could have
negative emotional impact about his disability. Consequently, he becomes to isolate
herm self from communicating, making friendship, stop learning, and hate school.
Teacher can make my lovely notebook words; afterward if he uses these words she
rewords him.
This notebook included a list of word and phrase
frequently
used in the class to communicate.
So this activity could help to develop many skills such as;
- Language skill, through using the best phrase for what
he needs,
- Communication and social skill, through talking with
his peers,
and teacher in the class.
Strategies could make the learning effective:
-

Tell the student to feel free to ask the teacher any question he need.
Encourage the students to talk with the group work.
Make a wall of frequency words.

Conclusion:
Finally, teacher or parents can contribute a better education for Omar by using assistive
devise like iPad because they have many interactive apps in app store which are challenging
the child, and services his need. For example, Oz Phonics which is focuses on rudimentary
letter-sound relationships, including short vowels and up to 10 consonants. With various inapp exercises, it's designed for dyslexic children and adults who have trouble reading.
(Petronzio, 2014)

References:
1- Petronzio, M. (2014). 7 iPad Apps to Help Students With Dyslexia. Mashable. Retrieved
16 March 2016, from http://mashable.com/2014/07/28/apps-fordyslexia/#v9BQELPJNgqY
2- Supports, Modifications, and Accommodations for Students | Center for Parent
Information and Resources. (2016). Parentcenterhub.org. Retrieved 11 March 2016,
from http://www.parentcenterhub.org/repository/accommodations/
3- Individualized Education Programs (IEPs). (2016). Kidshealth.org. Retrieved 12 March
2016, from http://kidshealth.org/en/parents/iep.html
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4- Pneuman, S. (2009). Defining the early indicators of dyslexia. University of Bath.

5- Schuele, C., & Murphy, N. The intensive phonological awareness (IPA) program.
6- PIKULSKI, J., & CHARD, D. (2003). FLUENCY: THE BRIDGE FROM DECODING TO R
EADING COMPREHENSION (1st Ed.). Houghton Mifflin Company.