UNIT-V

HYDRAULIC AND PNUMATIC

CIRCUITS

Hydraulic Circuit
A hydraulic circuit may be defined as the graphical representation
of the hydraulic components in a hydraulically operated machine.
1).Hydraulic power pack:
It consist of pump drive motor, mechanical couplings, oil reservoir,
strainers, filters, coolers, etc.
2)Hydraulic control elements:
They include various types of directional control valves, pressure
control valves, flow control valves, electrical control valves.

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3)

Power drive units or actuators:

They are hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors.

4) System accessories:
They include pipes and other fluid conductors,
accumulators, boosters, pressure and temperature
gauges, filters, etc.

Control of single acting hydraulic

cylinder

Control of double acting hydraulic

cylinder

Regenerative circuit

Machine tool Applications

Sequencing of two double acting

Cylinder

Automatic Cylinder Reciprocating

System

Pump Unloading Circuit

Speed Control Circuits

Flow control valves are used to control the speed of
hydraulic cylinders
Location of FCV with respect to other components
in a circuit will have effect on the characteristics of
the circuit performance
Types
1. Meter-in circuit
2. Meter-out circuit
3. Bleed-off circuit

Meter-in speed control of Hydraulic

Cylinder

Meter-out speed control of Hydraulic

Cylinder

Bleed off circuit

Control of Hydraulic Motor

Meter in Pneumatic Circuit

Meter out pneumatic

circuit

Control of Pneumatic motor

Synchronization -Cylinder in Parallel

Synchronizing circuits-two or more

cylinder requires perfect
synchronization

Tie Cylinders Rack and

pinion

Fail safe Two handed Safety circuits

Hydropneumatic circuits

Other circuits
Synchronizing circuit
Matching pump
Flow control valve
Flow dividing motors.
Fail safe circuit
Fail safe using emergency cut off
valve.