DVD Conventions

+R DVD is more of a digital optical disc that which can

only be written once, for example it doesnt allow the
ability to be Re-Recorded but can be read as many times
as the customer requires.
The DVD+R format was originally created by many
companies around 2002. These companies are now
known as DVD+RW Alliance Though most of the credit
goes to Sony. On the 25 January in to 2001, DVD6C
officially finally accepted DVD+R and DVD+RW by
adding them to its list of licensable DVD products.
DVD+R Discs are mostly found to have the storage
capacity of around 8.5GBs which is also roughly the
same to that of a DVD-R.
Like other 'plus' media, it is possible to change the book type to increase
the compatibility of DVD+R media (though unlike DVD+RW, it is a oneway process). This is also known as bitsetting.

+RW DVD is also a digital optical disc with the similar space to that of
+R DVDs. +RW DVDs, unlink +R, have the ability to be re-written as many
times as required (1000+). The file format was first created by Pioneer in
the winter of 1998 and has been vastly approved of by the DVD Forum.
The primary advantage of DVD-RW over DVD-R is the ability to erase and
rewrite to a DVD-RW disc. This allows the customer full control over the
DVD and its contents. For example, Official Film DVDs wouldnt use this
specified film format to protect its rights and prevent copyright breach.
The recording layer in DVD-RW and DVD+RW is not an organic dye, but a
special phase change metal alloy, often GeSbTe. The alloy can be switched
back and forth between a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase,
changing the reflectivity, depending on the power of the laser beam. Data
can thus be written, erased and re-written.
DVD+ R DL This indicates that a DVD is dual layer. Shown by the DL.
Dual Layer discs allow for a more interesting DVD. Allowing the DVD to be
written twice, on each layer with a different file on each side. This function
is highly easy to use, by only sampling having to switch the disc over.
Its initial first use was in October 2003; Each side has the overall capacity
to hold at maximum 4.7GBs.
Dual-layer recording allows DVD-R and DVD+R discs to store significantly
more data, up to 8.5 gigabytes per disc, compared with 4.7 gigabytes for
single-layer discs. DVD-R DL was developed for the DVD Forum by Pioneer

Corporation, while DVD+R DL was developed for the DVD+RW Alliance by

Philips and Mitsubishi Kagaku Media

Writing Speed
This determines how fast you can
fast forward things such sad DVDs
and CDs.
Today, most DVD writers have
exactly the same writing speed. I googled on PC World for DVD writers and
checked the specifications and I found out the average writing speeds.
Audio DVDs have standard audio depending on where the sound it
coming from be it a speaker, a TV or even a laptop. Its standard audio can
run on almost any device.
Additional DVD Features:
Subtitles Subtitles are all in aid of allowing a deaf person to be able to
understand the film and see all words that are spoken. Subtitles can also
explain the sound effects such as chirping etc. All DVDs and movie allow
for this feature. Subtitles are often cantered at the bottom of the movie or
video and most DVDs allow for the option to be switched on or off
depending if theyre needed. These are some examples of where you can
download subtitles for movies if they arent already on the DVD:

Different Languages Also, a main use of subtitles is to allow for

translation for the rest of the world.
This is as most films are English or American and this is only a small
market to the rest of the world. So creating subtitles for other countries
can vastly increase the market.

Easter Eggs One of the biggest known features of a DVD is an Easter

Egg which can be a funny sketch, or a nod to another film or character.
These can be found by pressing a certain button a number of times or
scrolling etc.
These are fun things for the audience to discover and there are sites
archived with all kinds of DVD Easter Eggs. Here are a few examples of
Easter Eggs and the sites where they can be found.

Heres also an example of an Easter Egg from Harry Potter and the
Sorcerers Stone.

Animations Animations are extremely common on DVD Menus, often

with the logo animated in or the button rollovers when selected. These
add a very interesting design element to a DVD Menu and make it a bit
more fun to navigate.
DTS (Digital Theatre Systems) - DTS is a series of multichannel audio
technologies owned by DTS, Inc. (formerly known as Digital Theatre
Systems), an American company specializing in digital surround sound
formats used for both commercial/theatrical and consumer grade
applications. It was known as The Digital Experience until 1995.
Dolby - Dolby Digital is the name for audio compression technologies
developed by Dolby Laboratories. It was originally named Dolby Stereo

Digital until 1994. Except for Dolby TrueHD, the audio compression is
lossy. The first use of Dolby Digital was to provide digital sound in cinemas
from 35mm film prints. It is now also used for other applications such as
HDTV broadcast, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs and game consoles.

Printable Discs - An inkjet printable DVD is a DVD made with an inkjet

ink permeable coating on the upper, non-recording surface of the DVD
which allow consumers to perform printings onto them directly by using a
special CD/DVD inkjet printer. Inkjet printable DVD media offer a way to
customize DVD-Rs. When inserted into a suitable inkjet printer, it will be
capable of reproducing appropriate inkjet printer page output, including
text and pictures.
Printing directly onto an inkjet printable DVD-R provides the following
advantages over traditional labels:
Lower Cost: Generally, it is more affordable to buy printable inkjet media
than to buy both media and labels. While the printer might represent an
additional expense, a printer is needed to print labels anyway, and a
media-capable printer costs about the same as an inkjet printer.
User-friendly: It is easier than placing labels on many discs, as most
printers have easy-to-use disc alignment.
Safer: Labels can peel and cause damages to drives and player
mechanisms. However, as the inkjet DVD surface is part of the media,
drive damage is less likely, regardless of storage conditions. Inkjet DVD
media are also safer in slot-loaded optical drives.
These DVDs were typically slightly higher priced than their standard
counterparts but nowadays the prices are comparable.
Copyright Protection Here is a list of the main copyright protection
schemes for DVDs as of 2016. These allow DVD covers, and DVD Cases
and the films on them the ability to be non-copied with no consequences,
i.e. illegally pirating or burning a DVD is against the law.
Analog Protection System
Adds pulses to analogue video signals to negatively impact the AGC circuit
of a recording device so the images on copied DVDs becomes garbled.
Sony ARccOS Protection
Inserting corrupted sectors in areas where normal players will not access
but ripping software does to trigger errors during replication.

Burst Cutting Area

Writing barcode in circular area near the centre of the disc (referred to as
burst cutting area) which cannot be written without using special
equipment.

DVD region code

Restricts region where media can be played by matching region number
with configuration flag in DVD players.
LaserLock
Includes hidden directory on the CD containing corrupted data which will
cause errors while being copied.
ProtectDISC Software
Adds unique digital signature to the CD or DVD that cannot be transferred
from copy to copy. A solution for software and games on CD or DVD
provided by Protect Software.
ProtectDISC Video
Prevents ripping software to analyse the structure of the DVD. A solution
for Video-DVDs provided by Protect Software.
Parental Controls - Parental controls are features which may be included
in digital television services, computer and video games, mobile devices
and software. Parental controls fall into roughly four categories: content
filters, which limit access to age inappropriate content; usage controls,
which constrain the usage of these devices such as placing time-limits on
usage or forbidding certain types of usage; computer usage management
tools, which enforces the use of certain software; and, monitoring, which
can track location and activity when using the devices.