Computer Architectures #5 Class XI Compiled by Wasim Anjum Farooqi

(MEd), MCS)

MCQs Computer Architecture #5

1. Which of the following component of modern computer decodes and executes program
constructions?
a) ALU b) Control unit
c) Bus interconnection d) Main memory
2. The component of computer that stores data and program while these are being executed
is called:
a) ALU b) Control unit
c) Bus interconnection d) Main memory
3. The component of computer that is used to connect different parts of the computer
together is called:
a) ALU b) Control unit
c) Bus interconnection d) Main memory
4. Which of the following component of computer provides the way to communicate with the
computer?
a) I/O unit b) Control unit
c) Bus interconnection d) Main memory
5. Which of the following is the component of CPU?
a) Main memory b) Bus interconnection
c) ALU d) I/O unit
6. Which of following is not a component of CPU?
a) Main memory b) ALU
c) Control unit d) Registers
7. The cells of memory are logically organized into group of:
a) 4-bits b) 5-bits
c) 7-bits d) 8-bits
8. Which of the following is not a volatile memory?
a) RAM b) DRAM
c) ROM d) SRAM
9. Which of the following memory is faster than DRAM?
a) Secondary b) ROM
c) SRAM d) None of these
10. Which of the following chip must be refreshed with electric charge frequently?
a) SRAM b) ROM
c) EEPROM d) DRAM
11. Which of the following is read only memory
a) RAM b) ROM
c) SRAM d) Cache memory
12. Which of the following memory can be re-written by using electrical devices?(
a) PROM b) ROM
c) EEPROM d) EPROM
13. Which of the following is the basic unit for storing data in the computer memory?
a) Byte b) Bit
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Computer Architectures #5 Class XI Compiled by Wasim Anjum Farooqi
(MEd), MCS)
c) KB d) MB
14. 2KB is equivalent to:
a) 1024 b) 2000
c) 2048 d) 1000
15. Giga bytes is equal to:
a) 512 bytes b) 512KB
c) 512MB d) 1024MB
16. 8 bytes is equal to:
a) 8 bits b) 32 bits
c) 48 bits d) 64 bits
17. The word size of early personal computers was:
a) One byte b) Two bytes
c) Four bytes d) Eight bytes
18. Single word is equal to:
a) 8-bits b) 16-bits
c) 32-bits d) 64-bits
19. Double word is equal to:
a) 8-bits b) 16-bits
c) 32-bits d) 64-bits
20. The set of parallel lines is called:
a) CPU b) Memory
c) I/O unit d) Bus
21. How many categories the system bus is divided?
a) 2 b) 3
c) 4 d) 5
22. Which of the following bus is used to transmit commands from one component to the
other?
a) Data bus b) Address bus
c) Control bus d) None
23. Which of the following command is used to write data into memory?
a) I/O Write b) Transfer Ask
c) Memory Write d) I/O Read
24. Which of the following register holds the address of the next instruction to be fetched for
execution.
a) 1R b) PC
c) MAR d) MBR
25. Which of the following register decodes the instruction fetched from memory?
a) IR b) PC
c) MAR d) MBR
26. Which of the following register holds the address of active memory location that is being
currently accessed
by the CPU?
a) IR b) PC
c) MAR d) MBR

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Computer Architectures #5 Class XI Compiled by Wasim Anjum Farooqi
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27. Which of the following register holds the contents of data/instruction read from, or
written in memory?
a) IR b) PC
c) MAR d) MBR

28. Which of the following is not a general-purpose resister?

a) EBX b) ECX
c) EDX d) EEX
29. Which of the following register acts as counter for looping process?
a) AX b) BX
c) CX d) DX
30. Which of the following register is used for arithmetic and data operations?
a) AX b) BX
c) CX d) DX
31. Which of the following is not a segment register?
a) CS b) DS
c) ES d) FS
32. Which of the following register holds the base location of all executable instructions in
the program?
a) CS b) DS
c) ES d) FS
33. Which of the following register contains the base location of the current program stack?
a) CS b) DS
c) ES d) FS
34. The size of segment register is:
a) 2-bytes b) 2KB
c) 2 MB d) 2 bits
35. The process of storing the programs and data in memory is called:
a) CPU b) Fixed disk
c) Data processing d) Stored-program concept
36. The idea of storing a program in memory was suggested by:
a) John von Neumann and his team b) Dr. Qadir and his team
c) Dr. AbdulValam and his team d) Pascal
37. Which component handles the processor communication with its peripheral?
a) Control Unit b) I/O Unit
c) Bus interconnection d) None
38. Which component is used to connect different parts of computer together?
a) Bus Interconnection b) Control Unit
c) Main memory d) None
39. The "brain" of the computer that executes the instructions is called:
a) CPU b) RAM
c) Motherboard d) System unit
40. The central processing unit:
a) Interprets and executes instructions
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Computer Architectures #5 Class XI Compiled by Wasim Anjum Farooqi
(MEd), MCS)
b) Communicates with other parts of the computer system
c) Does arithmetic and logic operations
d) All of the above
41. Which of the following is NOT a function of control unit?
a) To read and interpret program instructions
b) To monitor network connections
c) To direct the operation of internal processor components
d) To control the flow of programs and data in and out of RAM

42. CPU includes all of the following components EXCEPT:

a) Primary storage b) ALU
c) Control Unit d) Register
43. The circuit board on which the processor and other chips are placed is called:
a) Big board b) Motherboard
c) Master circuit d) Connector circuit
44. CPU consists of the following parts:
a) CU and Main Memory b) Control Unit and ALU
c) Main Memory and storage d) Operating system and application
45. The arithmetic/logic unit performs the following actions:
a) Control computer operations
b) Perform arithmetic functions such as addition and subtraction etc)
c) Perform logical comparisons, such as equal to, greater than, less than
d) Both b and c
46. Which component of CPU is responsible for deciding which operations are to be
performed by the CPU?
a) ALU b) Control unit
c) Register d) None
47. Which component of CPU is responsible for comparing the contents of two pieces of data?
a) ALU b) Control Unit
c) Memory d) None
48. Which component of CPU is responsible for interacting with primary memory?
a) ALU b) Control unit
c) BUS d) None
49. Random access memory is located in:
a) Registers on the CPU b) A chip near the CPU
c) Magnetic devices external to the computer d) Bus lines on a microprocessor
50. A program's instructions are stored in primary memory:
a) As long as a particular instruction is being processed in the ALU.
b) As long as the program is installed on the computer.
c) As long as the program is executing on the system.
d) As long as the user is interacting with the program
51. Memory space in a computer is used to:
a) Hold application programs.
b) Hold data and information temporarily.
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Computer Architectures #5 Class XI Compiled by Wasim Anjum Farooqi
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c) Provide additional space as needed for programs or data)
d) All of the above.
52. An identifiable location in memory where data are kept is called a(n):
a) Space. b) Address
c) Location d) Cell
53. Random access means that:
a) Data or information can be accessed by any device at any time.
b) Data or information can be accessed by any user at any time.
c) Data or information can be written or read from any memory address at any time.
d) Both a and c

54. The acronym RAM stands for:

a) Readily available memory b) Read and more memory
c) Random access memory d) Remember all memory
55. An inherent characteristic of RAM is that it is:
a) Read only b) Writes only
c) Nonvolatile d) Volatile
56. The acronym ROM stands for:
a) Recursive online memory b) Rapid online memory
c Random only memory d) Read only Memory
57. A characteristic of ROM is that it is:
b) Read only c) Volatile
d) Nonvolatile d) Both b and d
58. The difference between ROM and RAM is:
a) ROM is larger b) ROM is nonvolatile
c) ROM is read only d) Both c & d
59. Which one is faster:
a) RAM b) Cache
c) Register d) Hard Disk
60. Which memory is used to speed up the computer processing?
a) ROM b) Memory cache
c) BIOS d) None
61. Memory is made up of:
a) Set of wires b) Set of circuits
c) Cells d) None
62. The cell of memory are logically organized into group of:
a) 8 bits b) Sbits
c) 12 bits d) None
63. The operation of arithmetic logic unit is directed by:
a) ALU itself b) Program
c) Control unit d) Memory Unit
64. Which of the following is NOT a type of RAM?
a) Quick RAM b) Dynamic RAM
c) Stable RAM d) Both a and c
65. Chips retain their contents indefinitely without constant electronic refreshment:
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(MEd), MCS)
a) Dynamic RAM b) Dynamic ROM
c) Static RAM d) Static ROM
66. Which of the following is most likely used for static RAM technology?
a) Primary memory b) Secondary storage
c) Cache memory d) CPU registers
67. Which of the following is NOT a type of ROM chip?
a) Programmable read-only memory
b) Erasable programmable read-only memory
c) Modifiable read-only memory
d) Electrically erasable programmable read-only .memory

68. EEPROM chips:

a) Can be reprogrammed by ultraviolet light b) Can be reprogrammed electronically
c) Cannot be reprogrammed) d) Both a and b
69. The step that translates instruction into individual commands that the computer can
process is called:
a) Fetch b) Translate
c) Decode d) Execute
70. The step that obtains the next instruction from memory is called:
a) Read b) Fetch
c) get d) Decode
71. The step that performs the actions given in the instructions is called:
a) Fetch b) Calculate
c) Decode d) Execute
72. Temporary storage area within CPU is called:
a) Registers b) ALU
c) ROMs d) RAM
73. Which of the following is NOT a type of register?
a) Address registers b) Accumulators
c) General-purpose registers d) All are types of registers
74. Registers that collect the results of computation are called:
a) Instruction pointer b) Storage
c) Storage registers d) Accumulator
75. The size of the accumulator register is:
a) 1 to 4 bit b) 1 to 4 KB
c) 1 to 4 bytes d) 1 to 4 MB
76. The size of DI, SI, SP and BP stack control register is:
a) 2 bytes each b) 6 bytes each
c) 4 bytes each d) 8 bytes each
77. Which is not a kind of register?
a) Flag b) Segment
c) Accumulator d) Math coprocessor
78. A set of electrical paths used to transfer data is called:
a) Bus b) Monitors
c) Computer clock d) None
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Computer Architectures #5 Class XI Compiled by Wasim Anjum Farooqi
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79. A bus line consists of:
a) Registers b) Accumulators
c) Set of parallel lines d) Computer clock
80. A bus that moves data between the central processor and memory is known as:
a) I/O bus. b) CPU bus
c) Processor bus d) Data bus.

81. CPU provides enabling signal through:

a) Control Bus b) Data Bus
c) Address Bus d) Ordinary Bus

82. Address buses are:

a) Used by CPU to read data from memory or port
b) Used by CPU to send data to memory or port
c) Both a and b
d) None
83. The program register contains:
a) Instruction being executed
b) Location in RAM of the next instruction to be executed
c) Results of the arithmetic and logic unit,
d) Instruction that is being decoded)
84. All of the following may be stored in registers EXCEPT:
a) Program instructions b) Memory addresses
c) Data d) CPU instruction set
85. Expansion slots connect interface cards to:
a) Ports. b) Peripheral devices,
c) Motherboard) d) System bus.
86. A port provides an interface between:
a) Expansion board and a peripheral device b) Adaptor card and motherboard
c) The CPU and cache. d) DRAM and SRAM.
87. A port on the computer may be connected to:
a) Expansion card b) CPU
c) Motherboard d) Both a and c
88. Information stored in RAM is considered volatile, which means it is:
a) Stored there permanently b) Not held permanently, only temporarily
c) Stored when the electricity is shut off d) Stored permanently in the CPU
device
89. Expansion cards are inserted into:
a) Slots b) Peripheral devices
c) CPU d) Back of the computer
90. The external devices that are connected to a computer system are known as:
a) Expansion cards b) Peripherals
c) Buses d) Slots
91. Compiled programs typically execute faster because:
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a) Compiled programs are read and executed a line at a time.
b) Compiled programs are already in a machine-readable form.
c) Compiled programs do not require any data)
d) None of the above
92. Debugging is the process of:
a) Identifying errors in your application
b) Running an application to detect any errors
c) Restarting a program when errors occur
d) Identifying, correcting, and eliminating errors in your application

93. The output of the compiler is called:

a) The program b) Source code
c) Linked code d) Object code
94. A program's syntax errors are detected by:
a) Compiler b) Linker
c) Loader. d) Debugger.
95. The program that contains instructions to operate a device is called:
a) Device Driver b) Device operator
c) Device linking d) Device System

Short Question and Answers Chapter #5 ( Computer Architecture)According to federal Board

Islamabad

1. What is CPU?
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit. It is the most important component of the computer and it
is also known as Processor. CPU is considered as the brain of the computer. The CPU used in
personal computer or small workstation consists of a single chip called the microcomputer. The CPU
is located on the motherboard inside the system unit. All other components of computer are
connected to it through the bus interconnection.
2. What is Control Unit?
Control Unit is the most important part of the CPU. It controls all parts of the computer and
coordinates all activities in the computer. The control unit also controls the execution of instructions
given to the computer. It fetches the instructions and data from the memory unit. It decodes and
executes the instructions one by one.
3. What is ALU?
ALU stands Arithmetic Logic Unit. It is the component of CPU that performs all arithmetic operations
such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and all comparison operations.
4. What is Main Memory?
The main memory is the most important component of the computer used to store data and
instructions that are currently in use. A computer executes program instructions stored in its main
memory. A computer cannot work without having main memory in it.
5. What is address of byte?
Each byte in the memory is assigned a unique number. This number is called the address of that
byte.
6. What is RAM?
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Computer Architectures #5 Class XI Compiled by Wasim Anjum Farooqi
(MEd), MCS)
RAM stand for Random Access Memory. Actually, the main memory is referred to as RAM. It is
important to note that the main memory of the computer is volatile and the contents of the
memory are lost as soon as the electricity supply is cut-off. The CPU can write and read data to and
from the RAM. So RAM is read/write memory.
7. What is DRAM?
DRAM stands for Dynamic Random Access Memory. This type of memory is used in most of the
computers. In order to maintain data in DRAM chip, it must be refreshed with electric charge
frequently (or periodically) otherwise data stored in DRAM may be lost.
8. What is SRAM?
SRAM stands for Static RAM. In SRAM, individual cells are made by using digital gates and each cell
can hold its value without any need to refresh it frequently. It is faster than DRAM because it does
not have to be refreshed with electric charge frequently and the CPU has not to wait to read & write
data)

9. What is Cache memory?

Cache memory usually has a very small size as compared to the total memory is the computer. The
cache memory plays very important role in increasing the performance of a computer system.
10.What is ROM?
ROM stands for Read Only Memory. The contents (i.e., instructions) stored in this memory can be
read but new data cannot be written into it. This is the reason why it is called read only memory.
The manufacture of the ROM writes the data and programs permanently into it and contents of this
memory cannot be changed afterwards. ROM is a non-volatile memory.
11.What is PROM?
PROM stands for Programmable Read Only Memory. This form of ROM is initially blanks and the
user or manufacture can write his own program and data on it by using special devices. However,
once the program or data is written in PROM chip, it cannot be changed or altered and it works like
a normal ROM chip.
12.What is EPROM?
EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. It is another important form of read
only memory. Like PROM, it is initially blank and the user or manufacture can writes his own
program or data by using special devices. Unlike PROM, the data written in EPROM chip can be
erased by using special purpose devices and ultraviolet rays.
13.What is EEPROM?
EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. This kind of ROM can be
re-written by using electrical devices and so data stored on this ROM chip can be easily modified)
Define is bit.
The binary number 1 or 0 is called a bit (for binary digit), which is the basic unit for storing data in
the computer memory. Actually, the main memory consists of large number of electronic switches.
Each switch can have either of the two states, i.e. ON or OFF. The ON state represents 1 and OFF
state represents 0.
14.Define is byte.
A byte is a combination of 8-bits. One character takes one byte of memory, (a character may be a
letter, numeral or special character). The capacity of the memory or the storage is expressed in

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Computer Architectures #5 Class XI Compiled by Wasim Anjum Farooqi
(MEd), MCS)
terms of number of bytes it can hold or store. It means amount of data and program size are also
measured in bytes.
15.What is System Buses?
The system buses are the part of motherboard and are used to connect the main component of the
computer such as CPU, and main memory. The modern general purpose computers have 70 - 100
lines system bus.
16.What is Data Bus?
The computer bus, which is used to transfer data from one component to the other, is called data
bus. It consists of 32 or 64 parallel lines. A data bus of 64-line can transfer 64-bits (or 8 bytes) of
data at a time.
17.What is address bus?
The computer bus, which is used to identity different components of a computer as well as to
specify the address of different memory locations is called address bus.
18.What is Control Bus?
The computer bus (or parallel lines), which is used by CPU to send different commands (or control
signals) from one component to the other, is called control bus.
19.What is I/O unit?
I/O Unit is another part of computer, which is used to control these I/O devices. Only the I/O unit is
connected to the bus.

20.What are CPU Registers?

Registers are the special purpose storage areas inside the CPU. The registers are used to store data
and instruction temporarily as long as they are decoded and executed) The registers are the part of
CPU and not the part of main memory. The registers increase the performance of CPU.
21.What is Program Counter?
Program Counter (PC) register holds the address of the next instruction to be fetched for execution.
After instruction is fetched, the value of PC is incremented by 1. Thus this register always points or
holds the address of next memory location from which an instruction to be fetched)
22.What is Instruction Register (IR)?
Once an instruction is fetched, it is stored in the IR where this instruction is decoded)
23.What is MAR?
MAR stands for Memory Address Register. It holds the address of active memory location that is
being currently accessed by the CPU. When the CPU wants to store some data in the memory or
reads the data from the memory it places the address of the required memory location in the MAR.
24.What is MB?
MBR stands for Memory Buffer Register. It holds the contents of data or instruction read from, or
written in memory. The CPU uses this register to store data coming from the memory or going to
the memory
25.What is Stack Pointer?
A stack represents a set of memory blocks; the data is stored in and retrieved from these blocks in
an order, i.e. First In and Last Out (FILO). The Stack pointer register is used to manage the stacks in
memory. This register holds the value of the top of the stack.
26.What are General-Purpose Registers?

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Computer Architectures #5 Class XI Compiled by Wasim Anjum Farooqi
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A CPU also has general-purpose registers that are used along with other registers to perform
arithmetic & logical operations and these registers are also used for data movement purposes.
These registers are called EAX, EBX, ECX and EDX.
27.What is Segment Registers?
The segment or address registers are used as base location for program instructions, data and the
stack. There are four segment registers named as CS, DS, ES and SS. Each has 2-bytes. These are
called segment registers and are used in conjunction with either IP register or with two index
registers DI and SI to address various areas of computer memory.
28.What is operating system?
A set of programs running in the background on a computer system and providing an environment
in which other programs can be executed and the computer system can be used efficiently, is
called operating system.
29.Define Source Code?
Now-a-day, the programs are written in high-level languages such as C, C++, Java Fortran, Pascal
etc) The program written in high level language is called the source code.
30.Define Object Code?
The source code written in high level language must be translated into machine code so that the
CPU can understand it. Therefore, the source code translated into machine code is called object
code.
31.What is Compiler?
The translator program that translates the complete source code (written in high-level language) as
a whole in machine code before execution is called compiler.
32.What is Interpreter?
A translator program that translates each instruction of source program into machine code and
execute it immediately before to translate the next instruction is called interpreter.
33.What is Assembler?
A program written in assembly language must be translated into machine code before to execute
on the computer. A translator program that translates the program written in assembly language
into machine code is called assembler.-

************ ** Wish You Best of Luck ***********

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