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Science
SOLAF 1
SPM
2011

JABATAN PELAJARAN PERAK

SOLAF 1
SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2011
SCIENCE
Paper 2
MARKING SCHEME

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This marking scheme contains 8 printed pages

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Paper 2
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Question

Mark Scheme

Mark

Marks

(a) - 2o C

(b) (i) Thermometer reading decreases when common salt is added

into the distilled water.

(ii) The presence of impurities / common salt reduce the freezing

point of distilled water.

(c) (i) Presence of impurities / common salt.

(ii) Freezing point // Thermometer reading.

1
1

Total
2

(a)

Height of student interval (cm)

Julat ketinggian pelajar (cm)146 150
151 155
156 160
1
161 165
166 170
Number of students
Bilangan pelajar291892

(b)
1

(c)
Co
ntin
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Total

5
3

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uou
s
vari
atio
n

(a) Number of bacteria colony is highest at pH 7 //

Bacteria growth well in a medium of pH 7 //
Bacterial growth is highest at pH 7.

(b) (i) pH value.

(ii) Number of bacteria colony // Bacterial growth.

1
1

(c) Temperature

(d) Use acids to preserve food.

Total

4
(a) (i) Reflex action

(ii) Controlled by spinal cord

(b) (i) Synapse

5

(ii) Sensory neurone

(c ) Knee jerk//withdraw hand when accidentally touched hot object

1m

1
1

(d) Prevent the body from injury // Avoid injury

Total
6

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1
1
1
1
6

(a) & (b)

Motor neurone

Sensory neurone

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Brain
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1
(c) (i) Voluntary action
(ii) Reading // Singing // Writing // Walking // Dancing // etc.

(a) P : Bacteria

Q : Viruses

Total
1
1
1

6
2
1

(b) Aids // Hepatitis // Influenza

7

(c ) (i) Bacteria
(ii) Viruses

1
1

(d) Through vector// Contaminated food and water.

Total

(a) (i) R : Ammonium compound

(ii) Dissolved nitrate ions

(b) (i) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria

(ii) Denitrifying bacteria

(c) Leguminous plant // Legume

(d) Ammonium nitrate

Total

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(a) (i) J : carbon dioxide

(ii) K : sulphur dioxide // nitrogen dioxide

9

(b) Save the environment from toxic gases //

Reduce the emission of toxic gases to the environment. //
Avoid air pollution

(c) Recycling

(d) (i) Compress and bury the plastic wast

(ii) Recycle the plastic waste

Total

(a) Metal can conduct electricity //

Non-metal cannot conduct electricity //
Different type of substance has different electrical conductivity

(b) (i) To study the electrical conductivity of metal and non-metal

1
1

1
1
1
1

Total

10

(ii) Constant variable: Size of rod // Number of dry cell //

Voltage of dry cell // Type of bulb

10

Manipulated variable: Metal and non-metal //

Type of substance //
Type of rod
(iii) Apparatus and materials: Copper rod, glass rod, one dry cell,
bulb, wire
(iv) 1. Connect the battery to bulb with wire
2. Connect the copper rod to complete the circuit
3. Observe whether the bulb lights up or not.
4. Repeat the experiment using a glass rod
OR : Suitable diagram
(v)
Type of substance //
Type of rod //
Metal or non-metal
Copper rod // Metal rod

Electrical conductivity

Glass rod // Non-metal rod

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(a)
Continuous variation
1. Does not show obvious
differences in characteristics.
2. Influenced by environmental
factors
3. Not inherited
4. Can be change.
5. The trait shows a normal
distribution graph

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Discontinuous variation
1. Shows obvious differences in
characteristics
2. Caused by genetic factors
3. Inherited
4. Cannot be change
5. The trait shows a discrete
distribution graph.
[Any four factors]

(b) Two common characteristics:

1. Shows obvious differences in characteristics
2. Caused by genetic factor
3. Can be inherited
4. Cannot be change
[Any two characteristics]
Initial concept:
Shows obvious differences in characteristic and caused by
genetic factors is a discontinuous variation.

1
1

1
1

Total

10

Another example: colour of eyes // types of hair

Non-example : Height // weight
Actual concept: A discontinuous variation is a variation that shows
obvious differences in characteristics and is caused
by genetic factors.

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(a) Excess with vitamin C:

Disease : Scurvy-muscular pain
Symptom : teeth loosen // bleeding gums
Excess with protein:
Disease : Kwashiorkor- skin peels
Symptom : lost of appetite // stomach swell
(b) Identification of problems : An adult is suffering from high blood
pressure.
Clarification of the problem: Daily intake is rich with meat,
coconut milk and animal fats.

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Solving methods:
1. exercises regularly
2. eat less fat
3. eat more vegetables
4. take balance diet

Total

10

[Any 3 methods]
Best method: - choose any one from solving methods
Explanation:
1. To overcome the high blood pressure
2. to maintain healthy balanced diet
[1 method and explanation]

1
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1

5
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Total
(a) When the area is more polluted, more dust particles deposited.
(b) The quantity of dust particles // Pollution level
(c) R
(d) (i) More dust particles accumulated on the cellophane tape.
(ii)

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