Path Balance Motorola

Path Balance Trouble Shooting
May 20, 2005

Reiny Ba
1. Content
Description of the path balance statistic

Possible sources for poor PB
Trouble shooting Procedure
Motorola Internal Use Only MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. Motorola, Inc. 2004.
2. Description of the PB
The Path balance (PB) statistic provides an
indication of the RF link between the MS and BTS.
An operator may be able to use the
PATH_BALANCE statistic to identify a fault in the
RX or TX signal path.
2. Description of the PB (Cont.)

Formula
path_balance = path_loss_difference + 110
and
Path_loss_difference =
uplink path loss downlink path loss
uplink path loss = ms_txpwr_dbm bts_rxlev_dbm
downlink path loss = bts_txpwr_dbm ms_rxlev_dbm
Uplink path loss is the signal loss from the mobile to the BTS.
Downlink path loss is the signal loss from the BTS to the mobile.

The OMC PATH_BALANCE metric is a statistic derived on a
timeslot basis and calculated using four parameters:
1. Mobile Tx power The TX power level reported by the MS
(ms_txpwr_dBm)
2. Mobile Rx power The RX power level reported by the MS
(ms_rxlev__dBm)
3. BTS Tx power The TX power level reported by the BTS
(bts_txpwr_dbm)
4. BTS Rx Power The RX power level reported by the BTS
(bts_rxlev_dbm)

Note
1. PB=110 which is an ideal number ;
2. PB value should be taken into account the variation of
different conditions
3. Over time inaccuracies in any one mobile will have little
affect on the PB number;
4. Any problem at the BTS TX and/or RX path loss or wrong
power reporting will cause a continuous change in the PB
number.
5. TX gain () DL pass Loss () PB()
RX gain () UL pass Loss () PB()
3. Possible sources for poor PB

Three different possible known sources of poor PB:
1. Invalid or inaccurate TX/BAY CAL
If the radio is a new spare

If the radio was swapped from one slot to another and preserve bay level
cal feature is not enabled
If an expansion cabinet is added to the configuration
If external combining, filtering or amplification is added to the
configuration
2. HW/Connection problem with the cabinet

slot/cabling/antenna
An element in the received path might have failed, or might not be used or
installed correctly.
3. HW problem with the DRI:
A HW component of the transceiver (CTU or CTU2) can have failed which

results in abnormal noise in the transceiver or loss of output power.
PB Issue
Investigation
- Contact the network
team and/or
Procedure optimization
- Modify the frequencies
to be used on this sector
WARNING:
Throughout
this procedure,
keep logs of all
MMI
commands and
all the results
or you tests.
Poor PB
detected?
Yes
Section 4.1: Gather generic

configuration information on
the radio and the site.
No
TEST
#1 Section 4.2:
Is the VSWR good?
Yes (<2.61)
TEST #2 Section 4.3: Is the

calibration data accurate?
Fix VSWR
issue and
monitor PB
No
Calibrate the radio

and monitor the
PB again
Yes
TEST #3 Section 4.4

: Is the problem due
to other HW failure?
Yes
No
TEST #4 Section 4.5:

Is the problem due to the
environment
No
Yes
Return or fix the faulty

equipment and
monitor the PB again
-Contact the local office to see if there is a

know issue affecting the PB number and to
see if an SR has already been opened
-Open an SR (provide a description of the
problem and attach the logs you gathered
during your investigation)
-Contact the network optimization team
Thanks
4. PB issue shoot step

4.1 General information gather
1. The radios state and configuration;
2. Is there TX combining or is there an amp in the TX or RX
after the cabinet?
3. How many radios/sectors are affected?
4. What type of radio is affected (CTU, CTU2, both)?
5. For all radios affected, get OMC INTF_ON_IDLE statistic. Monitor
PB, BER, call drop rates and IOI performance, if High IOI please
see IOI white paper Did the problem start after an upgrade, a cell
replanning, or HW change?
6. Check with the Local Office if there is a known issue
4. PB issue shoot step (Cont.)

4.2. TEST #1: Check Antenna VSWR
The fist step due to convenience is to check the VSWR of the affected
antenna.
It has been seen in some cases that poor antenna VSWR can lead to bad
path_balance numbers.
VSWR should be less than 2.61
If there is a VSWR problem, then the result for TEST #1 is NO

and you should resolve the VSWR issue and monitor the PB
again. (Please refer to REF 6, which is a paper written to resolve
VSWR issues). Otherwise if VSWR is ok go to (4.3) below

4.3. TEST #2: Calibration Verification
Verify the calibration data is valid for the antenna and branch(es) .
1. Verification that the calibration data is valid
CTU radio
EQCP TEST > calchk
EQCP TEST >
RX Branch 1: CAL CHECKSUM RX Branch 2: CAL
CHECKSUM
AIC
YES 0001
AIC
YES 0007
AGC
YES d3f0
AGC
YES
b845
BAY
YES 7f3b
BAY
YES
7f3b
BBG
YES 002a
(This is for both branches.)
.
CTU2 radio
CTU2.carA.ts_0>cal_status tall
Cal Ca Br Status Result Valid
Checksum
Ver S/HC
--------------------------------------------------------------------RX FR B
1
pass
valid
0xa8f593e0
1/1
RX CAB A
0
pass
valid
0x53703256
0/1
RX CAB B
0
pass
valid
0x45562835
0/1
TX VVA A
0
pass
valid
0xb0be7eb2
1/1
TX VVA B
0
pass
valid
0x96686359
1/1

4.3. TEST #2: Calibration Verification (Cont.)
2.
3.
Manual verification (bay level offset is accurate).

Recalibration of the radio
If the CAL data is not right or invalid, should do the Calibration.

And then if the offset is not accurate, do the bay level CAL.
If they are all ok , do the Recalibration. Otherwise go to (4.4)
below.

4.4. TEST #3: Cabinet/Cabling Issues
requiring a detailed inspection on the cabinet looking for damaged connectors
and cables
TX Path
RX Path
RX/TX Path
External Combining, Filtering, Amplification
SURF/SURF2
If you have found a faulty cable, connector, equipment, etc. then

the answer to TEST #3 is YES - replace the faulty part and re
calibrate both the TX and BAY offsets. If no faulty equipment is
found the answer to TEST #3 is NO, continue to section 4.5

4.5. TEST #4: Environment issue
Check that there is not a signal in the radios environment at the
frequency (or frequencies) which the radio is tuned to.
Use of a spectrum analyzer
If you find spurs or humps on the frequencies being used by the

radio then the answer to TEST #4 is YES. Otherwise, its NO.
5.
QUICK GUIDE FOR FIELD ENGINEER
5.
Attachment
gs m_g_bs s _133_1-PB& IOI.pdf
PB QUICK GUIDE
FOR FIELD ENGINEER
01 Path Balance Bulletin.pdf
PB quick guide
s heet

Path Balance Motorola

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Path Balance Trouble Shooting

May 20, 2005

Description of the path balance statistic

2. Description of the PB (Cont.)

2. Description of the PB (Cont.)

2. Description of the PB (Cont.)

2. Description of the PB (Cont.)

3. Possible sources for poor PB

1. Invalid or inaccurate TX/BAY CAL

If the radio is a new spare

2. HW/Connection problem with the cabinet

3. HW problem with the DRI:

A HW component of the transceiver (CTU or CTU2) can have failed which

Section 4.1: Gather generic

TEST #2 Section 4.3: Is the

Calibrate the radio

TEST #3 Section 4.4

TEST #4 Section 4.5:

Return or fix the faulty

-Contact the local office to see if there is a

4. PB issue shoot step

4. PB issue shoot step (Cont.)

If there is a VSWR problem, then the result for TEST #1 is NO

4. PB issue shoot step (Cont.)

4. PB issue shoot step (Cont.)

Manual verification (bay level offset is accurate).

If the CAL data is not right or invalid, should do the Calibration.

4. PB issue shoot step (Cont.)

If you have found a faulty cable, connector, equipment, etc. then

4. PB issue shoot step (Cont.)

If you find spurs or humps on the frequencies being used by the

QUICK GUIDE FOR FIELD ENGINEER

gs m_g_bs s _133_1-PB& IOI.pdf

01 Path Balance Bulletin.pdf

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