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S.P.
SHARMA
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(For Beginners)
By
S. P. SHARMA
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1 | Page
Computer
Fu n d a m e n t a l s o f
S.P.SHARMA
FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTERS
By
S. P. SHARMA
MCA, M.Tech. (IT)
Software Developer
Mack Group of Companies
Managing Director
SACH CORPORATION
E-Mail:- info@sachcorp.in,
sachcorporation@gmail.com
Website: -www.sachcorp.in,
sachcorp.wix.com/sp
www.travelland.in/sach
http: // www.facebook.com/sachcorp
Mob. : 9910707562
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Computer
S.P.SHARMA
Fundamentals of Computers (for Beginners)
Copyright 2013 S.P. SHARMA
A right reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a

retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means. electronic,
electrostatic,
magnetic tape,
mechanical,
photocopying,
recording or
otherwise, without permission in writing from the author.
First edition 2013
Price Rs. 95.00
Printed in India
Authorised Distributor & Publisher : M/s Gokal Fine Art Press Shop No. 3,
Bhagat Singh Market, Gole Markewt, New Delhi-110001
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Computer
S.P.SHARMA
PREFACE
It is a book valuable for beginners, intermediate and advance users. The

book is written with several goals in mind for advancement in the basics
level for the beginners in computers. This book is very useful for Basic
computer, ITI-COPA, Polytechnic, BCA, MCA, B.Tech., PGDCA, BCC courses.
This book is very useful for the VTP Exams of Fundamentals of Computers
(ICT-101) and for Skill Development Initiative Scheme under Ministry of
Labour & Employment Govt. of India.
This book also covers syllabus of Basic Computer, Computer Hardware &
Networking courses of Mission Convergence, Govt. of Delhi.
I hope that this book will fulfill the requirements of students and teachers
both.
The main goal of the book is to provide notes & prepare students for various
examinations.
Suggestions and comments for further improvement of the book will be
gratefully acknowledged.
S. P. SHARMA
The Author
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Computer
S.P.SHARMA
DEDICATION
This book is dedicated to my noble and pious parents, Shri Vinod Sharma and Smt. Usha
Sharma. My parents made most earnest and unrelenting efforts in making me literate,
knowledgeable, and disciplined. They subscribed to a vision that an educated and knowledgeable
person can bring cheerfulness in the lives of those who come in touch with him, Therefore,
imparting me the best possible academic and moral education occupied most of their time,
money, and resourses.
Today when I observe signs of satisfaction and cheerfulness in my computer classess, I
realize the importance and divinity of the vision of my parents. My this book is an another
attempt towards paying a tribute to their vision of sound education, profound knowledge, and
unassailable morality. I have made the most earnest efforts for imparting as much knowledge as
possible through this book.
S. P. SHARMA
The Author
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Computer
S.P.SHARMA
What is Computer?
Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input from
the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called
program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use. It
can process both numerical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical)
calculations.
A computer has four functions:
a. accepts data
Input
b. processes data Processing

c. produces outputOutput
d. stores results
Storage
Input (Data):
Input is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is
the collection of letters, numbers, images etc.
Process:
Process is the operation of data as per given instructions. It is totally internal

process of the computer system.
Output:
Output is the processed data given by computer after data processing. Output is
also called result. We can save these results in the storage devices for future
use.
Computer System
All of the components of a computer system can be summarized with the simple
equations.
COMPUTER SYSTEM = HARDWARE + SOFTWARE+ USER
Hardware = Internal Devices + Peripheral Devices

All physical parts of the computer (or everything that we can touch) are known
as Hardware.
Software = Programs
Software gives "intelligence" to the computer.
USER = Person, who operates computer.
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Features of Computer:
Processor
speed
reliability
accuracy
automation
diligence
consistency
no.feelings
Generations of Computers
Each generation of computer is characterized by a major technological
development that fundamentally changed the way computers operate, resulting
in increasingly smaller, cheaper, more powerful and more efficient and reliable
devices.
First Generation (1940-1956) Vacuum Tubes

First generation computers relied on machine language, the lowest-level
programming language understood by computers, to perform operations, and
they could only solve one problem at a time. Input was based on punched cards
and paper tape, and output was displayed on printouts.
The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation computing
devices. The UNIVAC was the first commercial computer delivered to a business
client, the U.S. Census Bureau in 1951.
Second Generation (1956-1963) Transistors

Second-generation computers moved from cryptic binary machine language to
symbolic, or assembly, languages, which allowed programmers to specify
instructions in words. High-level programming languages were also being
developed at this time, such as early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN. These
were also the first computers that stored their instructions in their memory,
which moved from a magnetic drum to magnetic core technology.
Third Generation (1964-1971) Integrated Circuits

The development of the integrated circuit was the hallmark of the third
generation of computers. Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon
chips, called semiconductors, which drastically increased the speed and
efficiency of computers.
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S.P.SHARMA
Instead of punched cards and printouts, users interacted with third generation
computers through keyboards and monitors and interfaced with an operating
system, which allowed the device to run many different applications at one time
with a central program that monitored the memory.
Fourth Generation (1971-Present) Microprocessors

The microprocessor brought the fourth generation of computers, as thousands of
integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip. What in the first
generation filled an entire room could now fit in the palm of the hand. The Intel
4004 chip, developed in 1971, located all the components of the computer
from the central processing unit and memory to input/output controlson a
single chip.
In 1981 IBM introduced its first computer for the home user, and in 1984 Apple
introduced the Macintosh. Microprocessors also moved out of the realm of
desktop computers and into many areas of life as more and more everyday
products began to use microprocessors.
Fifth Generation (Present and Beyond) Artificial Intelligence

Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial intelligence, are still in
development, though there are some applications, such as voice recognition,
that are being used today. The use of parallel processing and superconductors is
helping to make artificial intelligence a reality. Quantum computation and
molecular and nanotechnology will radically change the face of computers in
years to come. The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop devices that
respond to natural language input and are capable of learning and selforganization.
Abacus to ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator):

highlights in the history of computing
1300 The abacus, using beads strung on wires and mounted in a frame, was in
widespread use in China.
1500 The quipu, a system of knotted strings, was in extensive use by Peruvian
Incas.
1614 John Napier described logarithms.
1617 Napier described his calculating rods, or "bones," in a book published the
year he died.
1623 Wilhelm Schickard, in a letter to Johannes Kepler, gave the first known
description of an automatic adding machine.
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1642 Blaise Pascal invented an adding machine; it is the oldest surviving

example of a true adding machine where tens carry.
1673 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz's calculator mechanized multiplica tion as well

as addition.
1803 Joseph Marie Jacquard began work on an automatic loom that used
punched cards to control the manufacturing process.
1822 Charles Babbage completed a model of the difference engine, a device

that linked adding and subtracting mechanisms to one another to calculate the
values of more complex mathematical functions. Charles Babbage known as
father of computer.
1834 Babbage turned from construction of the difference engine to a far more
ambitious analytical engine: a machine that embodied in its design most of the
features of a modern digital computer.
1843 Ada Augusta, Countess of Lovelace, published a description of Babbage's

analytical engine that incorporated many of the concepts of modern computer
programming. Ada Lovelance known as first computer programmer.
1853 The Scheutz difference engine, the world's first printing calculator, was
completed.
1893 The Millionaire calculator, introduced in Switzerland, allowed direct
multiplication by any digit and was used by government agencies and scientists,
especially astronomers, well into the 20th century.
1928 IBM adopted the 80-column punched card, the standard for the next 50
years.
1930 Vannevar Bush of MIT developed the differential analyzer, a large analog
computer.
1942 J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly, of the University of Pennsylvania,
proposed an electronic version of the Bush differential analyzer for the Army,
which would operate digitally instead of by analog means. The proposal led to
the creation of the ENIAC.
1943 Electromechanical Bombes were built in Britan and the U.S. to decipher
German messages encrypted by Enigma.
1945 The ENIAC was completed and tested at the Moore School of Electrical
Engineering, University of Pennsylvania.
1946 February 14: The public unveiling of the ENIAC took place in
Philadelphia.
ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator; began construction

in 1943 and completed in 1946. Occupied about 1,800 square feet and used
about 18,000 vacuum tubes, weighing almost 50 tons. ENIAC created to help
with the war efforts against German forces.
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UNIVAC - Universal Automatic Computer; A trademark of Unisys corporation;

it was released in 1951 and 1952. UNIVAC contains thousands of vacuum tubes
that utilize punch cards and switches.
Computer
History
Year/Enter
Computer History
Inventors/Inventions
1936
Konrad Zuse - Z1 Computer
1942
1944
1946
1948
1947/48
1951
1953
1954
1955
(In Use 1959)
1958
1962
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John Atanasoff & Clifford

Berry
ABC Computer
Howard Aiken & Grace
Hopper
Harvard Mark I Computer
John Presper Eckert & John
W. Mauchly
ENIAC 1 Computer
Frederic Williams & Tom
Kilburn
Manchester Baby Computer
& The Williams Tube
John Bardeen, Walter Brattain
& Wiliam Shockley
The Transistor
John Presper Eckert & John
W. Mauchly
UNIVAC Computer
International Business
Machines
IBM 701 EDPM Computer
John Backus & IBM
FORTRAN Computer
Programming Language
Stanford Research Institute,
Bank of America, and General
Electric
ERMA and MICR
Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce
The Integrated Circuit
Steve Russell & MIT
Computer History
Description of Event
First freely
programmable computer.
Who was first in the
computing biz is not
always as easy as ABC.
The Harvard Mark 1
computer.
20,000 vacuum tubes
later...
Baby and the Williams
Tube turn on the
memories.
No, a transistor is not a
computer, but this
invention greatly affected
the history of computers.
First commercial
computer & able to pick
presidential winners.
IBM enters into 'The
History of Computers'.
The first successful high
level programming
language.
The first bank industry
computer - also MICR
(magnetic ink character
recognition) for reading
checks.
Otherwise known as 'The
Chip'
The first computer game
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S.P.SHARMA
Spacewar Computer Game

1964
Douglas Engelbart
Computer Mouse & Windows
1969
ARPAnet
1970
Intel 1103 Computer Memory
1971
1971
1973
1974/75
1976/77
1978
1979
1981
1981
Faggin, Hoff & Mazor

Intel 4004 Computer
Microprocessor
Alan Shugart &IBM
The "Floppy" Disk
Robert Metcalfe & Xerox
The Ethernet Computer
Scelbi & Mark-8 Altair & IBM
5100 Computers
Apple I, II & TRS-80 &
Commodore Pet Computers
Dan Bricklin & Bob Frankston
VisiCalc Spreadsheet
Software
Seymour Rubenstein & Rob
Barnaby
IBM
The IBM PC - Home
Computer
Microsoft
MS-DOS Computer Operating
System
1983
Apple Lisa Computer
1984
Apple Macintosh Computer
1985
Microsoft Windows
SERIES
TO BE
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invented.
Nicknamed the mouse
because the tail came out
the end.
The original Internet.
The world's first
available dynamic RAM
chip.
The first microprocessor.

Nicknamed the "Floppy"
for its flexibility.
Networking Networking.
The first consumer
computers.
More first consumer
computers.
Any product that pays for
itself in two weeks is a
surefire winner.
WordStar Software
Word Processors.
From an "Acorn" grows a
personal computer
revolution
From "Quick And Dirty"
comes the operating
system of the century.
The first home computer
with a GUI, graphical
user interface.
The more affordable
home computer with a
GUI.
Microsoft begins the
friendly war with Apple.
CONTINUED
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Computer in India: Even though the world got introduced to the computer technology in late forties,
India bought its first computer in 1956 for a princely sum of Rs 10 lakh. It was
called HEC-2M and was installed at Calcuttas Indian Statistical Institute. It was
nothing more than a number crunching machine and was huge in size. The
dimensions of this monster were 10 ft in length, 7 ft in breadth and 6 ft in
height. It played a critical role in formulating annual and five-year plans by the
planning commission, and in top-secret projects of Indias nuclear program.
Moreover, it went on to turn out Indias first generation of computer
professionals. It was at least ten thousand times slower in solving even simple
problems than todays machines. But it set the stage for the development of
computers in India.
Major parts of the Computer

Input Devices
A device that can be used to insert data into a computer or other
computational device is known as Input device.
1. Mouse
2.
Keyboard
3.
Scanner
4. Digital
Camera
5.
Web
Camera
6.
Joysticks
7.
Track
Ball
8. Touch
Pad/
Screen
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9.
Light
Pen
10.
Bar
Code
Reader
11.
Micropho
ne
12.
Graphics
Tablets
13.
Magnetic
Ink
Character
Reader
(Used in
Bank)
14.
Optical
Mark
Reader
(Used for
AnswerSheet
Marking
Purpose)
15.
Magnetic
Card
Reader
(Used in
Shops,
Colleges,
Stations
etc)
16.
Biometric
Devices
17.
Bluetooth
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Processor
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
The main unit inside the computer is the CPU. This unit is responsible for all
events inside the computer. It controls all internal and external devices,
performs arithmetic and logic operations. The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is
the device that interprets and executes instructions.
Architecture of Computer
CPU=ALU + Registers + Control Unit.

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): ALU is a digital circuit that calculates an arithmetic operation (e.g.,
addition, subtraction) and logic operations between two numbers; the
fundamental building block of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a
computer
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The arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) performs all arithmetic

operations
(addition,
subtraction, multiplication,
and
division)
and
logic
operations. Logic operations test various conditions encountered during
processing and allow for different actions to be taken based on the results.
The data required to perform the arithmetic and logical functions are inputs
from the designated CPU registers and operands.
Control Unit: The control unit maintains order within the computer system and
directs the flow of traffic (operations) and data. The control unitselects
one program statement at a time from theprogram storage area,
interprets the statement, and sends
the
appropriate
electronic
impulses to the arithmetic-logic unit and storage section to cause them to
carry out the instruction
1.
Monit
or
2.
Printer
3.
Speak
er
4.
Project
or
5.
Plotter
Output Devices
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Any machine capable of representing information from a computer is known

as output device. This includes display screens, printers, plotters, and
synthesizers.
Output devices are two types:
1. Hard Copy devices: Hard copy is a relatively permanent form of output that can be read immediately
or stored for later use, such as paper. Printers are the most common hard copy
output devices.
2. Soft Copy devices: Soft copy is a transient form of output, for example, text on a screen display. It is
lost if the computer is turned off unless it is saved in the main memory or on a
disk.
Printer: A device that prints text or illustrations on paper is known as printer. They are
broadly categorized in to two types, they are
1. Impact Printer
To create text or image by physically making the print head to press the ink ribbon
and cause the ink deposition on the paper in desired form is called impact type.
Normally it is quite louder in nature when compared to other types of printers. The
well known example for impact type is Dot Matrix and Daisy wheel.
Dot Matrix Printer: A type of printer that produces characters and illustrations by striking pins
against an ink ribbon to print closely spaced dots in the appropriate shape. Dotmatrix printers are relatively expensive and do not produce high-quality output.
Dot-matrix printers vary in two important characteristics:
Speed:
Given in characters per second (cps), the speed can vary from about 50 to over
500 cps. Most dot-matrix printers offer different speeds depending on the quality
of print desired.
Print Quality:
Determined by the number of pins (the mechanisms that print the dots), it can
vary from 9 to 24. The best dot-matrix printers (24 pins) can produce near letterquality type.
1.
Non-Impact Type
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This produce text or images on paper without striking the paper physically are
called as non-impact type. The well known example of this type is Thermal
printer, lasers and inkjets.
Laser Printer: A type of printer that utilizes a laser beam to produce an image on a drum.
The light of the laser alters the electrical charge on the drum wherever it hits.
The drum is then rolled through a reservoir of toner. One of the chief
characteristics of laser printers is their resolution how many dots per inch
(dpi) they lay down. The available resolutions range from 300 dpi at the low
end to 1,200 dpi at the high end.
Inkjet Printer: A type of printer that works by spraying ionized ink at a sheet of paper.
Magnetized plates in the inks path direct the ink onto the paper in the
desired shapes. Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print
approaching that produced by laser printers. A typical ink-jet printer provides
a resolution of 300 dots per inch, although some newer models offer higher
resolutions.
Plotter: A computer output device that draws graphs or pictures, usually by moving a pen.
An output device that draws graphs and other pictorial images on paper, sometimes
using attached pens; to plod or totter, move casually and lazily.
Dump Terminal: A display monitor that has no processing capabilities is an example of dump
terminal. A dumb terminal is simply an output device that accepts data from the
CPU.
VDU (Visual Display Unit): Short for visual display unit, the old term for display monitors. The older VDUs
included a CRT, a serial port to connect to a main computer, and a keyboard. It is a
soft copy output device.
Monitor:A monitor or display (also called screen or visual display unit) is an electronic visual
display for computers. The monitor comprises the display device, circuitry, and an
enclosure. The display device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor
(TFT), liquid crystal display (LCD), thin panel, while older monitors use a cathode ray
tube (CRT) about as deep as the screen size.
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Cathode Ray Tube (CRT): The first computer monitors used cathode ray tubes (CRT). Until the early 1980s,
they were known as video display terminals and were physically attached to the
computer and keyboard. The monitors were monochrome, flickered and the image
quality was poor.
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a flat panel display, electronic visual display, or
video display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals (LCs). LCs
do not emit light directly.
LCDs are used in a wide range of applications, including computer monitors,
television, instrument panels, aircraft cockpit displays, signage, etc. They are
common in consumer devices such as video players, gaming devices, clocks,
watches, calculators, and telephones. LCDs have replaced cathode ray tube (CRT)
displays in most applications.
Thin-Film Transistor: A thin-film transistor (TFT) is a special kind of field-effect transistor made by
depositing thin films of a semiconductor active layer as well as the dielectric layer
and metallic contacts over a supporting substrate. A common substrate is glass,
since the primary application of TFTs is in liquid crystal displays. This differs from
the conventional transistor where the semiconductor material typically is the
substrate, such as a silicon wafer.
Storage Devices
Devices used to store data that can be retrieved later.
1. Primary memory (main memory)

Primary storage, also known as main storage or memory, is the main
area in a computer in which data is stored for quick access by the
computers processor. On todays smaller computers, especially personal
computers and workstations, the term random access memory (RAM) - or
just memory - is used instead of primary or main storage
A. RAM (Random Access Memory/
Read-Write Memory)
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Pronounced ramm, acronym for random access memory, a type of computer

memory that can be accessed randomly; that is, and any byte of memory can be
accessed without touching the preceding bytes.
There are two different types of RAM: DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) and
SRAM (Static Random Access Memory).
DRAM: A type of physical memory used in most personal computers. The term dynamic
indicates that the memory must be constantly refreshed (reenergized) or it will lose
its contents. RAM (random-access memory) is sometimes referred to as DRAM
(pronounced dee-ram) to distinguish it from static RAM (SRAM). Static RAM is faster
and less volatile than dynamic RAM, but it requires more power and is more
expensive.
SRAM: Short for static random access memory, and pronounced ess-ram. SRAM is a type of
memory that is faster and more reliable than the more common DRAM (dynamic
RAM). The term static is derived from the fact that it doesnt need to be refreshed
like dynamic RAM.
While DRAM supports access times of about 60 nanoseconds, SRAM can give access
times as low as 10 nanoseconds.
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The two types differ in the technology they use to hold data, with DRAM being the
more common type. In terms of speed, SRAM is faster. DRAM needs to be refreshed
thousands of times per second while SRAM does not need to be refreshed, which is
what makes it faster than DRAM. DRAM supports access times of about 60
nanoseconds, SRAM can give access times as low as 10 nanoseconds.
B. ROM (Read-only-memory)
ROM is a non volatile memory .It is a primary memory of computer, which stored
data permanentaly.
Types of ROM
A. PROM: Short for programmable read-only memory, a memory chip on which data can be
written only once. Once a program has been written onto a PROM, it remains
there forever. Unlike RAM, PROMs retain their contents when the computer is
turned off.
The difference between a PROM and a ROM (read-only memory) is that a PROM is
manufactured as blank memory, whereas a ROM is programmed during the
manufacturing process. To write data onto a PROM chip, you need a special device
called a PROM programmer or PROM burner. The process of programming a PROM is
sometimes called burning the PROM.
A.
EPROM: -
Acronym for erasable programmable read-only memory, and pronounced ee-prom,

EPROM is a special type of memory that retains its contents until it is exposed to
ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet light clears its contents, making it possible to
reprogram the memory. To write to and erase an EPROM, you need a special device
called a PROM programmer or PROM burner.
An EPROM differs from a PROM in that a PROM can be written to only once and
cannot be erased
A. EEPROM: EEPROM short for electrically erasable programmable read-only memory. EEPROM is
a special type of PROM that can be erased by exposing it to an electrical charge.
Like other types of PROM, EEPROM retains its contents even when the power is
turned off. Also like other types of ROM, EEPROM is not as fast as RAM.
EEPROM is similar to flash memory (sometimes called flash EEPROM). The principal
difference is that EEPROM requires data to be written or erased one byte at a time
whereas flash memory allows data to be written or erased in blocks. This makes
flash memory faster.
1. Secondary memory (storage devices)
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Secondary memory (or secondary storage) is the slowest and cheapest form of
memory. It cannot be processed directly by the CPU. It must first be copied into
primary storage (also known as RAM).
Secondary memory devices include magnetic disks like hard drives and floppy disks;
optical disks such as CDs and CD-ROM; and magnetic tapes, which were the first
forms of secondary memory.
1. Secondary memory (storage devices)

Secondary memory (or secondary storage) is the slowest and cheapest form of
memory. It cannot be processed directly by the CPU. It must first be copied into
primary storage (also known as RAM).
Secondary memory devices include magnetic disks like hard drives and floppy disks;
optical disks such as CDs and CD-ROM; and magnetic tapes, which were the first
forms of secondary memory.
Date invented
24 December 1954
Invented by
IBM team led by Rey Johnson
It is a non-volatile storage device which stores digitally encoded data on rapidly

rotating platters with magnetic surface.
Types of HDD:
IDE: Integrated Drive Electronics. IDE drives are also known as PATA drives (Parallel
advance technology attachment)
SATA: Serial advance technology attachment
SCSI: Small Computer System Interface. SCSI is pronounced as scuzzy.
SAS: Serial Attached SCSI
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IDE
PATA
(Integrated
Drive
Electronics
Drive
Parallel
Advance
Technology Attachment Drive)
IDE/PATA Drives have usually 40 pins.
IDE/PATA Drives offer 133 MB/sec transfer rate.
It sends 8 bit data at a time.
PATA Cables are used to connect PATA HDD. Two drives can be connected in a
single PATA cable. One as master and other as slave. The configuration of
master and slave is done by different combination of jumpers in the HDD.
SATA (Serial Advance Technology Attachment Drive)
SATA Drives have usually 7 pins, 4 pins in pair of two for sending and
receiving data and rest 3 pins are grounded.
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SATA Drives offers generally 300MB/sec transfer rate.
It sends data bit by bit.
SATA Cables are used to connect SATA HDD. Only one drive can be connected
in a single SATA cable.
SCSI (Small Computer System Interface Drive)
SCSI Drives have usually 50 to 68 pins.
SCSI Drive offers generally 640MB/sec transfer rate.
These drives are not swappable.
SCSI cables are used to connect SCSI HDD. Maximum of 16 drives can be
connected in a single scsi cable. Each HDD has a 8 bytes hexadecimal code known
as WWN (world wide name) for its identification in the cable.
SAS (Serial Attached SCSI Drive)
SAS Drives generally offers 805 MB/sec transfer rate.
These drives are not swappable.
SAS Cables are used to connect SAS Drives. Maximum of 128 drives can be
connected in a single sas cable.
B. Optical Disks: CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, DVD-RW

B.
C. Pen
Optica
Drive
l
Disks:
CD-R,
CDRW,
DVDR,
DVDRW
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D.
Zip
Drive
E.
Flopp
y
Disks
F.
Memo
ry
Cards
G.
Extern
al
Hard
Disk
Peripheral Devices
1.
The
Modem/
Internet
Adapter
3.
Router
2.
Switche
s/Hub
4.
TV
Tuner
Card
Removable Drive: Storage media which are designed to be removed from the computer without
powering the computer off is known as removable drive or removable media.
Pen Drive, external hard disk, memory card, optical disk, floppy disk etc are the
examples of removable media.
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It is also known as a USB drive or a thumb drive. It is a portable drive which is as
small as the size of a thumb and connects to a computers USB port. They are
capable to store information up to as much as 32 GB.
Internal Components
1. The Mother
Board
2. Expansion
Slots
3. CMOS
Battery
4. Cooling
Fan
5. Network
Card
6. Graphics
Card
7. Power
Supply Unit
(SMPS)
8. Memory
Slots
Port: -
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A socket in a computer or network into which a device can be plugged is known as
port.
a) Serial Port
A serial port can only transmit one bit of data at a time, whereas a parallel
port can transmit many bits at once. The serial port is typically the slowest
port you'll find on a PC, if you find one at all. Most newer computers have
replaced serial ports with much faster and more compatible USB ports.
b) Parallel Port
A connector for a device that sends or receives several bits of data
simultaneously by using more than one wire is known as parallel port.
c) USB (Universal Serial Bus) Port: Universal Serial Bus, a connection technology for attaching peripheral devices
to a computer or other electronic machines, providing fast data exchange.
Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a specification to establish communication
between devices and a host controller (usually personal computers),
developed and invented by Ajay Bhatt while working for Intel.
Software
Software, simply are the computer programs. The instructions given to the
computer in the form of a program are called Software. Software is the set of
programs, which are used for different purposes. All the programs used in computer
to perform specific task is called Software.
Software is a collection of programmes, documentation and procedures.
Software = Programmes + Documentation + Procedures
Programmes : Set of instructions
Documentation : What is, Documentation describes information about software
such as software names, software requirement, features and functions of software
etc.
Procedures : How to, Procedures describe the working procedure of software i.e.
how to operate software.
SOFTWARE
Programms
Documentation
Procedures
Types of software
1. System software:
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System software is computer software designed to operate the computer hardware
and to provide and maintain a platform for running application software.
a) Operating System Software
An operating system (OS) is software, consisting of programs and data that runs on
computers and manages the computer hardware and provides common services for
efficient execution of various application software.
Example :DOS, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Unix/Linux, MAC/OS X etc.
b) Utility Software
Utility software is system software designed to help analyze, configure,
optimize or maintain a computer. A single piece of utility software is
usually called a utility or tool.
Utility software usually focuses on how the computer infrastructure operates.
Examples areWindows Explorer (File/Folder Management), Windows Media Player, Anti-Virus
Utilities, Disk Defragmentation, Disk Clean, BackUp, WinZip, WinRAR etc
1. Application software:
Application software, also known as an application, is computer software designed
to help the user to perform singular or multiple related specific tasks. Examples
include enterprise software, accounting software, office suites, graphics software,
and media players.
a) Package Software
Multiple software programs that work together (or performs similar functions) and is
bundled and sold together as a software package. Examples are :Ms. Office 2003, Ms. Office 2007, Macromedia (Dreamweaver, Flash, Freehand),
Adobe (PageMaker, PhotoShop)
a) Tailored or Custom Software
Custom software (also known as bespoke software) is a type of software that is
developed either for a specific organization or function that differs from or is
opposite of other already available softwareSAGE (Accounting), Galileo/Worldspan
(Travel) etc.
3. Computer Languages & Scripting:

a) Low Level Language
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Machine languages and assembly languages are known as low-level languages
because they interact directly with the computers hardware using machineoriented codes rather than English-like commands
i) Machine Level Language
ii) Assembly Language
Machine language: These language instructions are directly executed by CPU
Assembly language: The endeavor of giving machine language instructions a
name structure that means bit strings of instructions of machine language are given
name here
(b) High Level Language: The user friendly language ...more natural language
than assembly language.
Assembler is needed to convert assembly language into machine language
Complier is needed to convert high level to machine language.
COBOL (COmmon Business Oriented Language), FORTRAN (FORmula

TRANslation), BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), C,
C++ etc. are the examples of High Level Language.
Types of Computer
On the basis of working principle

a) Analog Computer
An analog computer (spelt analogue in British English) is a form of computer that

uses continuous physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic
quantities to model the problem being solved.
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1.
Thermom
eter
2.
Speedomet
er
3.
Petrol
Pump
Indicator
4.
Multimete
r
b) Digital Computer
A computer that performs calculations and logical operations with quantities

represented as digits, usually in the binary number system.
c) Hybrid Computer (Analog + Digital)
A combination of computers those are capable of inputting and outputting in both

digital and analog signals. A hybrid computer system setup offers a cost effective
method of performing complex simulations.
On the basis of Size

a) Super Computer
The fastest type of computer. Supercomputers are very expensive and are
employed for specialized applications that require immense amounts of
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mathematical calculations. For example, weather forecasting requires a
supercomputer. Other uses of supercomputers include animated graphics, fluid
dynamic calculations, nuclear energy research, and petroleum exploration.
The chief difference between a supercomputer and a mainframe is that a
supercomputer channels all its power into executing a few programs as fast as
possible, whereas a mainframe uses its power to execute many programs
concurrently.
b) Mainframe Computer
A very large and expensive computer capable of supporting hundreds, or even

thousands, of users simultaneously. In the hierarchy that starts with a simple
microprocessor (in watches, for example) at the bottom and moves to
supercomputers at the top, mainframes are just below supercomputers. In some
ways, mainframes are more powerful than supercomputers because they support
more simultaneous programs. But supercomputers can execute a single program
faster than a mainframe.
c) Mini Computer
A midsized computer. In size and power, minicomputers lie between

workstations and mainframes. In the past decade, the distinction between large
minicomputers and small mainframes has blurred, however, as has the
distinction between small minicomputers and workstations. But in general, a
minicomputer is a multiprocessing system capable of supporting from 4 to
about 200 users simultaneously.
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d) Micro Computer
i. Desktop Computer: a personal or micro-mini computer sufficient to fit

on a desk.
ii. Laptop Computer: a portable computer complete with an integrated screen

and keyboard. It is generally smaller in size than a desk top computer and larger
than a notebook computer.
iii. Palmtop Computer/Digital Diary /Notebook /PDAs: a hand-sized

computer. Palmtops have no keyboard but the screen serves both as an input and
output device.
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e) Workstations
A terminal or desktop computer in a network. In this context,

workstation is just a generic term for a user's machine (client
machine) in contrast to a "server" or "mainframe."
On the basis of Brand
IBM/IBM Compatible Computers

Apple/Macintosh
Booting
The process of loading the system files of the operating system from the disk into
the computer memory to complete the circuitry requirement of the computer
system is called booting. The system files of MS. DOS are:
Types of Booting:
There are two types of booting:

Cold Booting: If the computer is in off state and we boot the computer by pressing
the power switch ON from the CPU box then it is called as cold booting.
Warm Booting: If the computer is already ON and we restart it by pressing the
RESET button from the CPU box or CTRL, ALT and DEL key simultaneously from the
keyboard then it is called warm booting.
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How to start the Computer in Ms. Windows mode?
There is nothing special you need to start this system. Just,

1. Switch ON the Power Supply.
2. Switch ON the CPU and,
3. Switch ON the Screen (Monitor).
How to Shutdown (Turn Off) the Computer?
Before shutting down the Computer, close all opened windows at first. Then,
1. Click on Start button.
2. Click on Shutdown (Turn Off Computer).
Then, Computer asks you:
What do you want the Computer to do?
Standby
Shutdown (Turn Off)
Restart
Restart in MS-DOS mode.
3. Choose 2nd option (i.e. Shutdown/Turn Off).

4. Click on OK.
Then, wait until the message Its now safe to turn off your Computer.
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5. Then, Switch Off the screen.
6. Switch Off the CPU.
7. At last, Switch Off the power supply.
INTERNET
Internet:The Internet, sometimes called simply "the Net," is a worldwide system of
computer networks - a network of networks in which users at any one computer
can, if they have permission, get information from any other computer (and
sometimes talk directly to users at other computers). It was conceived by the
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. government in 1969 and
was first known as the ARPANet. The original aim was to create a network that
would allow users of a research computer at one university to be able to "talk to"
research computers at other universities.
Network:In information technology, a network is a series of points or nodes or computers
interconnected by communication paths. Networks can interconnect with other
networks and contain subnetworks.
The most common topology or
bus, star, token ring, and mesh
in terms of spatial distance as
networks (MANs), and wide area
general configurations of networks include the

topologies. Networks can also be characterized
local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area
networks (WANs).
Types of Networks:LAN - Local Area Network

WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
MAN - Metropolitan Area Network
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SAN - Storage Area Network, System Area Network, Server Area Network, or
sometimes Small Area Network
CAN - Campus Area Network, Controller Area Network, or sometimes Cluster
Area Network
PAN - Personal Area Network
DAN - Desk Area Network
LAN - Local Area Network
A LAN connects network devices over a relatively short distance. A networked
office building, school, or home usually contains a single LAN, though sometimes
one building will contain a few small LANs (perhaps one per room), and
occasionally a LAN will span a group of nearby buildings.
WAN - Wide Area Network

A WAN is a geographically-dispersed collection of LANs. A network device called
a router connects LANs to a WAN. In IP networking, the router maintains both a
LAN address and a WAN address.
Wireless Local Area Network
A LAN based on WiFi wireless network technology
Metropolitan Area Network A network spanning a physical area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN,
such as a city is known as MAN. A MAN is typically owned an operated by a
single entity such as a government body or large corporation.
Campus Area Network
A network spanning multiple LANs but smaller than a MAN is known as CAN,
such as on a university or local business campus.
Storage Area Network

SAN connects servers to data storage devices through a technology like Fibre
Channel.
System Area Network
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It links high-performance computers with high-speed connections in a cluster
configuration. It is also known as Cluster Area Network.
Homogenous Network: A network running a single network layer protocol is known as Homogenous
Network.
Heterogeneous Network: A network running multiple network layer protocols is known as Heterogeneous
Network. A heterogeneous network is a network connecting computers and other
devices with different operating systems and/or protocols. For example, local
area networks (LANs) that connect Microsoft Windows and Linux based personal
computers with Apple Macintosh computers are heterogeneous.
SWAN (State Wide Area Network): In India, SWAN is a government-subsidized project to create a state wide area
network (WAN) that will improve government efficiency. SWAN was approved by
the government of India in March 2005 and is targeted for completion in June
2010.
When the SWAN project is completed, government offices in each of India's 29

states and six union territories will be connected and able to support National eGovernance Plan (NEGP) initiatives for government-to-government and
government-to-consumer services.
What is a Topology?
The physical topology of a network refers to the configuration of cables,
computers, and other peripherals. Physical topology should not be confused with
logical topology which is the method used to pass information between
workstations.
Network topologies are categorized into the following basic types:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Bus
Ring
Star
Tree
Mesh
More complex networks can be built as hybrids of two or more of the above basic
topologies.
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Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity)
Wi-Fi (short for "wireless fidelity") is a term for certain types of wireless local
area network (WLAN) that use specifications in the 802.11 family. The term Wi-Fi
was created by an organization called the Wi-Fi Alliance, which oversees tests
that certify product interoperability. A product that passes the alliance tests is
given the label "Wi-Fi certified" (a registered trademark).
What is a Network Protocol
A protocol is a set of rules that governs the communications between computers
on a network. These rules include guidelines that regulate the following
characteristics of a network: access method, allowed physical topologies, types
of cabling, and speed of data transfer.
Types of Network Protocols
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Ethernet
Local Talk
Token Ring
FDDI
ATM
The different types of protocols are.

1. Connection oriented protocol.
2. Connection less protocols.
Example: TCP is a connection oriented protocol. UDP is a connection less
protocol.
TCP/IP:- Transmission Control protocol
FTP: - File Transfer Protocol
HTTP: -Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
HTTPS: - Secure Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
UDP: - User Datagram Protocol
WWW
WWW Stands for "World Wide Web." It is important to know that this is not a
synonym for the Internet. The World Wide Web, or just "the Web," as ordinary
people call it, is a subset of the Internet. The Web consists of pages that can be
accessed using a Web browser. The Internet is the actual network of networks where
all the information resides. Things like Telnet, FTP, Internet gaming, Internet Relay
Chat (IRC), and e-mail are all part of the Internet, but are not part of the World Wide
Web. The Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the method used to transfer Web
pages to your computer. With hypertext, a word or phrase can contain a link to
another Web site. All Web pages are written in the hyper-text markup language
(HTML), which works in conjunction with HTTP.
E-Mail (electronic mail or email)
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E-mail (electronic mail) is the exchange of computer-stored messages by
telecommunication. E-mail messages are usually encoded in ASCII text.
However, you can also send non-text files, such as graphic images and sound files,
as attachments sent in binary streams. E-mail was one of the first uses of the
Internet and is still the most popular use.
E-Mail Format in Gmail
Cc
Cc
stands for carbon copy, which means that whose address appears after the
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Cc: header would receive a copy of the message. Also, the Cc header would
also appear inside the header of the received message.
Bcc
Bcc stands for blind carbon copy which is similar to that of Cc except that the
Email address of the recipients specified in this field do not appear in the
received message header and the recipients in the To or Cc fields will not
know that a copy sent to these address.
Website:
A website is a collection of WebPages. A website is actually a collection of
files and documents which is saved in a server (it's a specific computer that is
connected to the internet all the time). Every file has its own address that
called as URL (Uniform Resource Locators). If you want to have a website,
here are thing that you need:
Website Address (URL = Uniform Resource Locator):
There are 4 important parts of URL. The first part is called Protocol, we know
it as http:// stands for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. The 2nd one is domain
name (in many cases subdomain is included) e.g., www.mydomain.com or
www.subdomain.mydomain.com. The 3rd one is Directory, just like a directory
(folder) in your computer where the files located in specific area. The 4th one
is file name e.g., index.html or myfiles.html. Here is an example of complete
address of a website file http://www.wix.com/sachcorp/sp#!download/
E-Mail Websites
Gmail
Yahoo! Mail
Rediffmail
Sifymail
Hotmail
Social Networking Sites
Facebook
Twitter
Orkut
LinkedIn
Search Engines
Search engines are programs that search documents for specified keywords
and return a list of the documents where the keywords were found. A search
engine is really a general class of programs; however, the term is often used
to specifically describe systems like Google, Bing and Yahoo! Search that
enable users to search for documents on the World Wide Web.
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Basic Computer Literacy

Quiz One
1. Which one is not an output device?
o Printer
o Monitor
o Keyboard
o Modem
2. Which one works as an output and input device?
Modem
Scanner
Mouse
Monitor
3. All computers must have:
Word processing software
An operating system
A printer attached
A virus checking program
4. The brain of the computer is called:
Random Access Memory or RAM
Central Processing Unit or CPU
Read Only Memory or ROM
BIOS
5. An operating system is:
Integrated software
CD-ROM software
Application software
System software
6. Software is:
A computer program
A set of instructions
All of the above
Only in operating systems
7. One MB is equal to:
The amount of RAM in every computer
1 billion bytes
1024KB
1 thousand bytes
8. The resolution of a printer is measured in:
Megabits
Hz
Dots per inch (DPI)
Inches (diagonal)
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9. Windows and Macintosh computers:
Are both manufactured by Motorola
Both use Intel microprocessors
Use the same operating system
Are not compatible
10. A computer port is used to:
Communicate with other computer peripherals
Download files from the web
Communicate with all hard drives
Connect computers together
Quiz Two
11. Which computer is the fastest?

PII 600MHz
PIII 600MHz
Pentium 600MHz
486 Turbo
12. Which hard disk will be able to store more information?
24MB
2400KB
24Gig
240MB
13. In order for your computer to play music you need:
A network card and speakers
A sound card and speakers
Nothing more than the internal speaker
A CD-ROM drive
14. In order to access the World Wide Web you need:
An Internet connection, an Internet Service Provider and browser
software
Only Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator
A modem and a browser
Nothing. All computers can access the Internet
15. If you have two different printers attached to your computer:
It is not possible to have two printers attached to a single computer
You need to install a single printer driver
You need to use application software that can recognize both
printers
You need to install two different printer drivers in order to be able to
print to either printer
16. Which file extensions indicate only graphics files?
BMP and DOC
JPEG and TXT
TXT and STK
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17.
18.
19.
20.
BMP and GIF

Which Windows program do you use to manage folders and files?
Windows Explorer
Windows Accessories
Microsoft Office
Windows Control Panel
What is a URL:
An email address
The title of a web site
The address of a page on the World Wide Web
A communication method between computers and printers
Which media holds more information?
Floppy diskette
DVD
CD-ROM
Zip drive
Which one is an email address?
http://vianet.com/index.htm
D:\\Email\Standard
joesmart@billme.com
Chaminade.org/teachers/mail addresses
Quiz Three
21. CPU means
Central Processing Unit
Controlled Program Utilization
Computer Programming Unit
Computerized Processing Unit
22. Computers use a special code for representing letters and numbers,
known as the
processing code
binary code
CRX code
integrated code
23. The main circuit board in the computer that connects the parts of the
computer is the
hard drive
motherboard
fatherboard
main board
24. The part of the computer that processes the information is the
floppy disk
CD-ROM drive
monitor
microprocessor
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25. Which of these is not an example of an input device?

keyboard
mouse
hard drive
scanner
26. Processing speed in computers is measured in
millivolts (mV)
hertz (Hz)
megahertz (MHz)
rpm's
27. External devices such as printers and scanners plug into ___ in the back of
the computer.
RX-5's
expansion slots
outlets
ports
28. Windows is
a kind of operating system.
a graphics display device.
a monitor display system.
a video game.
29. To "boot a computer" means to
add extra drives.
turn on the sound.
turn it on.
throw it out - it's outdated.
30. The hard drive in the computer is usually
Drive A.
Drive B.
Drive C.
Drive H.
31. A "byte" is
found in the upper right corner of a window screen.
a group of 8 bits of code.
the capacity of a sound card.
the part that moves on a disk drive.
32. When you click SAVE on the monitor, and there is no floppy disk in a
drive, the document or application you're using is stored
on the RAM chips.
on the CD-ROM drive.
in ROM memory.
on the hard drive.
33. Pictures on the display screen (monitor) are made up of
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pixels.
layers of color.
bits.
video "packets"
34. Temporary memory is called
RAM
CAD
DOS
ROM
35. Which of these is not one of the three main functions of a
microprocessor?
fetch
store
decode
execute
36. Which of these is not an example of computer hardware?
video card
mouse
CD-ROM drive
Windows
37. To "debug" the system means to
clean it.
find and correct errors.
decode it.
set up icons.
38. A megabyte is
1,000 bytes
1 byte
1 million bytes
1 trillion bytes
39. Formatting a disk means
installing an operating system on it.
setting up sections on the disk to store the files in.
cleaning the disk from any dust contaminates.
programming the disk so data on it can't be erased.
40. A system that connects individual computers together is a(n)
Operating system.
Network.
Tape drive system.
Partnered path.
41. When you use a PC, you are using a
Programmable console.
Powered calculating machine.
Personal computer.
Processing contraption.
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42. VDU
stands for:
Video Display Unit
Visible Display Unit
Visual Display Unit
Video Diode Unit
Answer of Quiz 1.
1.
C
C
2.
8.
A
C
3.
9.
B
D
4.
10.
B
A
5.
6.
7.
13.
19.
B
B
14.
20.
A
C
15.
16.
17.
B
D
D
B
A
23.
28.
33.
38.
B
A
A
C
24.
29.
34.
39.
D
C
A
A
25.
30.
35.
40.
C
C
B
B
26.
31.
36.
41.
C
B
D
C
Answer of Quiz 2.
11.
B
A
12.
18.
C
C
Answer of Quiz 3.
21.
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27.
32.
37.
42.
Fundamentals of
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Quiz:- 4
Q.1) Which button is used to save our documents?
Q.2)
Q.3)
Q.4)
Q.5)
Q.6)
Q.7)
Q.8)
A.
Home Button
B.
Microsoft Office Button
C.
Insert Button
Which tabs on the Ribbon is used to find in the document?

A.
Home Tab
B.
Insert Tab
C.
Review Tab
Which tabs on the Ribbon you find the Zoom?

A.
Insert Tab
B.
Tools Tab
C.
View Tab
Which tabs on the Ribbon do we use to change our font size?

A.
Home Tab
B.
Format Tab
C.
Font Tab
What is MS Word?
A.
Its is a typing tool.
B.
It is a calculating tool.
C.
It is a computerized tool.
Which tabs on the Ribbon do we use to cut and paste?

A.
Home Tab
B.
Tools Tab
C.
Edit Tab
Choose the best definition of a Mail Merge.

A.
Combining your company's mailroom with email technology.
B.
The process of merging two documents into new documents.

C. A process of bulk printing addressed envelopes.
In a Mail Merge operation, which of the following might represent
the main document?
Q.9)
A.
A Sales Brochure.
B.
A Form Letter.
C.
A Database of Names and Addresses.
The ____________ indents only the first line in a paragraph.

A.
First Line Indent.
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B.
Hanging Indent.
C.
Left Indent.
Q.10)
A _________ is a popular design element used to begin in a
newsletter, magazine or other publication.

A.
Drop Cap
B.
Alignment
C.
First Line Indent
Q.11)
The simplest way to rearrange text in your document is to
____________.
A.
Cutting, copying and pasting.
B.
Drag and drop.
C.
Type and Replace.
Q.12)
Keyboard shortcut for CUT command is _________.

A.
Ctrl + Z
B.
Ctrl + Y
C.
Ctrl + X
Q.13)
You left your glasses at home and you need to update an Word
Document. What will you do?

A.
Ask someone else to update the spreadsheet.
B.
Increase the resolution so all the screen elements are larger.
C.
Increase the magnification by selecting an appropriate value from the

Zoom Command.
Q.14)
document?
A.
B.
C.
Q.15)
Which tabs on the Ribbon use to layout the page of a

Home Tab
Page Layout Tab
Review Tab
Which tab is the picture diagram shows?

A.
Home Tab
B.
Insert Tab
C.
Page Layout Tab
Q.16)
You use Insert Tab to put header and footer in a document.

A.
True
B.
False
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Q.17)
To make the text at the center, click Left Alignment in the
Home Tab.
A.
True
B.
False
Q.18)
diskette.
You cannot save your document either in a pendrive or in a
A.
True
B.
False
Q.19)
Art.
To insert clipart, you need to go to Insert Tab then click Clip

A.
True
B.
False
Q.20)
Becareful when you delete text from a document, because
after you deleted or choose
Cut, the data is
gone and you cannot get it
back.
A.
True
B.
False
Q.21)
The only way to
change print margins
for document is to enter the
margins in the Page
Set Up dialog box.
A.
True
B.
False
Q.22)
What button is this picture show?
A.
Font Size
B.
Change Case
C.
Spelling and Grammar
Q.23)
A.
B.
C.
What button is this?

Copy
Paste
Format Painter
48 | P a g e
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Quiz:-5
Question 1
If you opened a document from you folder and added a new paragraph to
it, how would you save the changes that you made?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Select "Save As" and select a new folder and file name for it.
Just click the "Save" icon on the toolbar or press Ctrl + S.
Just close the program. It will save automatically.
Any of the above would work.
Question 2 "Save As" function?

A.
choose
it.
B.
C.
D.
When you are saving a document for the first time and you need to
a folder for the document and create a file name for
Every time you want to save something.
Only when working with a Microsoft Word document.
Only when you want to burn the file onto a CD.
Question 3
If you accidentally deleted some text from a document, and you want it
back, you should:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Select "Redo" or press Ctrl +Y.

Immediately close the document and reopen it.
Restart the computer.
Select "Undo" or press Ctrl + Z.
Question 4
Why do you think you should log-off of your computer when you
leave class?
A
. You should not log-off your computer when you leave class.
B.
To prevent it from getting a virus.
C.
If you don't log-off, anyone can go on that computer and access

folder and files.
D.
It helps to make sure that your work gets saved.
your
Question 5
49 | P a g e
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The best way to move some text to another part an essay would be
to:
A.
Delete the text and then re-type it.
B.
Highlight the text, and then drag it into place with the mouse.
C.
Highlight the text, and press the up or down arrows to move it.
D.
Highlight the text, right-click, and use the "Cut" and "Paste" func
tions.
Question 6
Why should you avoid downloading files using file-sharing programs
like Limewire or Frostwire? (used to download music, videos, etc.)
A.
copyright
It is illegal to download music using these programs due to

laws.
B.
These files can contain a virus which can harm you computer.
C.
You might have to pay money in damages if you are caught.
D.
All of the above are true.
Question 7
If you are doing research for an essay, and you use some information from
a website in your essay, you must:
A. Do nothing. You can use this material in your essay freely.
B. List the website in a bibliography at the end of your essay.
C. Type the information in bold letters.
D. Type the information in italic letters.
Question 8
Why is a website like Wikipedia NOT the best choice for researching
information about a topic?
A. Wikipedia and other "wikis" allow anyone to type information on their pages,
which may be inaccurate.
B. It is the best choice.
C. There is too much information on the site to sort through which complicates
things.
D. There are not enough images on the site.Question 9 / 10
Question 9
If you wanted to create an animated presentation, what would be the
BEST program to use?
A. Excel
50 | P a g e
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B. Power Point
C. Word
D. Access
Question 10
If you wanted to add an image from Google to an essay or a presentation,
how would you do this?
A.
You must download the image first.
B.
Save the image into your folder, and then select "Insert Image" on the
essay or presentation.
C.
Right-click the image, select "Copy," then right-click in your essay or

presentation and select "Paste."
D.
Both answers "B" and "C" are correct.
Answer
QUIZ-4
1.
B
C
C
A
2.
8.
14.
21.
A
C
B
B
3.
9.
15.
22.
C
A
A
B
4.
10.
16.
23.
A
A
A
C
5.
11.
17.
A
A
B
6.
12.
18.
A
C
B
7.
13.
19.
2.
8.
A
A
3.
9.
D
B
4.
10.
C
D
5.
6.
7.
QUIZ-5
1.
B
B
51 | P a g e
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QUIZ:-6
1. Which of the following is a valid version of MS Office?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Office XP
Office Vista
Office 2007
None of above
2. You cannot close MS Word application by

A)
B)
C)
D)
Choosing File menu then Exit submenu

Press Alt+F4
Click X button on title bar
From File menu choose Close submenu
3. The key F12 opens a

A)
B)
C)
D)
4. What is
A)
B)
C)
D)
Save As dialog box

Open dialog box
Save dialog box
Close dialog box
the short cut key to open the Open dialog box?
F12
Shift F12
Alt + F12
Ctrl + F12
5. A feature of MS Word that saves the document automatically

after certain interval is available on
A)
Save tab on Options dialog box
B)
Save As dialog box
C)
Both of above
D)
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6. Where can you find the horizontal split bar on MS Word screen?
A)
On the left of horizontal scroll bar
B)
On the right of horizontal scroll bar
C)
On the top of vertical scroll bar
D)
On the bottom of vertical scroll bar
7. Which of the following is not available on the Ruler of MS Word

screen?
A)
Tab stop box
B)
Left Indent
C)
Right Indent
D)
Center Indent
E)
All of them are available on ruler
8. What is place to the left of horizontal scroll bar?

A)
Tab stop buttons
B)
View buttons
C)
Split buttons
D)
E)
Indicators
None of above
9. Which file starts MS Word?

A)
Winword.exe
B)
Word.exe
C)
D)
Msword.exe
Word2003.exe
10. How many ways you can save a document?

A)
B)
C)
D)
53 | P a g e
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11. If you want to keep track of different editions of a document

which features will you use?
A)
Editions
B)
Versions
C)
Track Change
D)
All of above
12. Background color or effects applied on a document is not visible

in
A)
Web layout view
B)
Print Layout view
C)
Reading View
D)
Print Preview
13. What is a portion of a document in which you set certain page

formatting options?
A)
Page
B)
Document
C)
Section
D)
Page Setup
14. Borders can be applied to

A)
Cells
B)
Paragraph
C)
Text
D)
All of above
15. Which of the following is not a type of page margin?

A)
Left
B)
Right
C)
Center
D)
Top
16. What is the default left margin in Word 2007 document?

A)
1"
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B)
1.25"
C)
1.5"
D)
2"
17. What is gutter margin?

A)
Margin that is added to the left margin when printing
B)
Margin that is added to right margin when printing
C)
Margin that is added to the binding side of page when printing
D)
Margin that is added to the outside of the page when printing
18. Portrait and Landscape are

A)
Page Orientation
B)
Paper Size
C)
Page Layout
D)
All of above
19. If you need to change the typeface of a document, which tab will you
choose?
A)
Home
B)
Insert
C)
Page Layout
D)
View
20. Which of the following is not a font style?

A)
Bold
B)
Italics
C)
Regular
D)
Superscript
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QUIZ-7
1. Pressing F8 key for three times selects
A)
A word
B)
A sentence
C)
A paragraph
D)
Entire document
2. What happens if you press Ctrl + Shift + F8?
A)
B)
C)
D)
It activates extended selection

It activates the rectangular selection
It selects the paragraph on which the insertion line is.
None of above
3. How can you disable extended selection mode?

A)
Press F8 again to disable
B)
Press Del to disable
C)
Press Esc to disable
D)
Press Enter to disable
4. What does EXT indicator on status bar of MS Word indicate?

A)
B)
It indicates whether the external text is pasted on document or not

It indicates whether extended add-ons are installed on MS Word or not
C)
It indicates whether Extended Selection mode is turned on or off
D)
None of above
5. What is the maximum number of lines you can set for a drop cap?
A)
B)
10
C)
15
D)
20
6. What is the default number of lines to drop for drop cap?

A)
B)
10
C)
15
D)
20
7. What is the shortcut key you can press to create a copyright symbol?
A)
Alt+Ctrl+C
56 | P a g e
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B)
Alt + C
C)
Ctrl + C
D)
Ctrl + Shift + C
8. How many columns can you insert in a word document in maximum?

A)
33
B)
43
C)
53
D)
63
9. What is the smallest and largest font size available in Font Size tool on
formatting toolbar?
A)
8 and 72
B)
8 and 64
C)
12 and 72
D)
None of above
10. What is the maximum font size you can apply for any character?
A)
B)
C)
D)
11. Which
A)
B)
C)
D)
163
1638
16038
None of above
of the following is graphics solution for Word Processors?
Clipart
WordArt
Drop Cap
All of above
12. The keystrokes Ctrl + I is used to

A)
Increase font size
B)
Inserts a line break
C)
Indicate the text should be bold
D)
Applies italic format to selected text
13. A character that is raised and smaller above the baseline is known as
A)
B)
Outlined
Raised
57 | P a g e
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C)
D)
Superscript
Subscript
14. What is the purpose of inserting header and footer in document?

A)
B)
To enhance the overall appearance of the document

To mark the starting and ending of page
C)
To make large document more readable
D)
To allow page headers and footers appear on document all pages
when
printed
15. Which of the following function key activates the speller?
A)
F5
B)
F7
C)
D)
F9
Shift + F7
16. The minimum number of rows and columns in MS Word document is

A)
1 and 1
B)
2 and 1
C)
D)
2 and 2
None of above
17. Thesaurus tool in MS Word is used for

A)
Spelling suggestions
B)
Grammar options
C)
Synonyms and Antonyms words
D)
All of above
18. Why Drop Caps are used in document?

A)
To drop all the capital letters
B)
To automatically begin each paragraph with capital letter
C)
To begin a paragraph with a large dropped initial capital letter

D)
None of above
19. A bookmark is an item or location in document that you identify as a

name for future reference. Which of the following task is accomplished by
using bookmarks?
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A)
To add anchors in web page
B)
To mark the ending of a paragraph of document
C)
To quickly jump to specific location in document
D)
To add hyperlinks in webpage
20. A word processor would most likely be used to do

A)
Keep an account of money spent
B)
Do a computer search in media center
C)
Maintain an inventory
D) Type a biography
Answers
QUIZ-6
1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-D, 5-D, 6-C, 7-D, 8-B, 9-A, 10-A, 11-B, 12-D, 13-C, 14-D, 15-C, 16-A,
17-C, 18-A, 19-A, 20-D,
QUIZ-7
1-B, 2-B, 3-C, 4-C, 5-B, 6-A, 7-A, 8-B, 9-A, 10-B, 11-A, 12-D, 13-C, 14-D, 15-B, 16-A,
17-C, 18-C, 19-C, 20-D,
59 | P a g e
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QUIZ-8
1. What happens when you click on Insert >> Picture >> Clip Art
A)
B)
C)
D)
It inserts a clipart picture into document

It lets you choose clipart to insert into document
It opens Clip Art taskbar
None of above
2. Which option is not available in Insert Table Autofit behavior?

A)
Fixed Column Width
B)
AutoFit to Contents
C)
Autofit to Window
D)
Autofit to Column
3. To autofit the width of column

A)
Double click the right border of column
B)
Double click the left border of column
C)
Double click the column header
D)
All of above
4. From which menu you can insert Header and Footer?

A)
Insert Menu
B)
View Menu
C)
Home Menu
D)
Page Layout Menu
5. After typing header text, how can you quickly enter footer text?
A)
Press PageDown key and type the text for footer
B)
Click on Switch between Header & Footer then type the text
C)
Both of above
D)
None of above
6. When inserting Page number in footer it appeared 1 but you wish to

show a. How can you do that?
60 | P a g e
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A)
necessary
From format menu choose bullets and Numbering and configure

setting
B)
From Insert menu choose Page Number and specify necessary setting
C)
Click on Page Number Format tool and specify required setting
D)
All of above
7. Which of the following statement is false?

A)
You can set different header footer for even and odd pages
B)
You can set different page number formats for different sections
C)
You can set different header footer for first page of a section
D)
You can set different header and footer for last page of a section
8. Where can you change the vertical alignment?

A)
Formatting toolbar
B)
Paragraph dialog box
C)
Page Setup dialog box
D)
Standard toolbar
9. To get to the Symbol dialog box, click on the ______ menu and choose
Symbol.
A)
Insert
B)
Page Layout
C)
View
D)
Table
10. Which of the following symbol sets would be most likely to contain a
mathematical symbol such as a degree sign, greater than or equal to, or a
Greek letter?
A)
B)
Wingdings
Wingdings 3
C)
Webdings
D)
Symbol
11. When assigning a shortcut key to a symbol, you should always try to
select a key or key combination that is:
A)
unassigned
B)
Located on the ten-key pad section of your keyboard.
C)
Assigned to another task.
D)
From the same font family as the symbol.
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12. Suppose you wanted to create an AutoCorrect entry that would type
the words We regret to inform you that your submission has been
declined Of the following choices, which would be the best name you
could assign to this entry?
A)
Regret
B)
Subdual
C)
We regret to inform you that your submission has been declined
D)
11
13. If you want to convert a symbol or several lines of text into an

AutoCorrect entry, you should:
A)
Insert the symbol or type the text in a Word document first. Then,
select
the text or symbol and go to the AutoCorrect dialog box.
B)
Click the Tools menu and choose AutoCorrect Options. Then, click
theInsert
menu and choose Symbol (or click the Format menu and
choose Paragraph
to add the symbol or paragraph to Auto Correct.
C)
AutoCorrect can only accommodate one line of text. It is not possible to

convert a symbol or multiple lines of text into an
AutoCorrect entry.
D)
Insert the symbol or type the text in a Word document first. Then,
select
the text or symbol and click the Edit menu followed by Paste
Special.
Select New AutoCorrect Entry and then click OK.
14. AutoCorrect was originally designed to replace _________ words as you
type.
A)
Short, repetitive
B)
Grammatically incorrect
C)
Misspelled
D)
None of the above
15. Which of the following is the second step in creating a macro?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Start recording
Using your mouse or keyboard, perform the task you want to automate
Assign a keyboard shortcut to the macro
Give the macro a name16. If you will be displaying or printing
16. your document on another computer, youll want to make sure and
select the _____________ option under the Save tab.
62 | P a g e
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A)
B)
C)
D)
Embed Fonts
Embed True Type Fonts
Save True Type Fonts
Save Fonts
17. In Word, the mailing list is known as the ____________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
Data sheet
Source
Data source
Sheet
18. Which of the following is not one of the three Mail Merge Helper
steps?
A)
Merge the two files
B)
Create the main document
C)
Set the mailing list parameters
D)
Create the data source
19. Which of the following button will allow you to add, delete, or change
records in your Data Source?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Data Source button

Edit button
Edit Recipient List button
Data editing button
20. It is possible to _______ a data source before performing a merge.

A)
B)
C)
D)
Create
Modify
Sort
all of the above
Answers
1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-A, 5-B, 6-C, 7-D, 8-C, 9-A, 10-D, 11-A,
12-B, 13-A, 14-C, 15-C, 16-B, 17-C, 18-C, 19-C, 20-D,
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QUIZ: -9
1. What is the default font size of a new Word document based on
Normal template?
A)
10 pt
B)
11 pt
C)
14 pt
D)
None of abovE
2. What is the default font used in MS Word document?
A)
Calibri (body)
B)
Arial
C)
Algerian
D)
Times New Roman
3. Which tab in Font dialog box contains options to apply font effects?
A)
Font tab
B)
Character Spacing
C)
Text Effects
D)
Standard Toolbar
4. If you need to double underline a word, how will you do that?
A)
Go to Format menu and then Font option. Open Underline Style and
choose
Double Underline
B)
From Format menu choose Font option and then from Font tab open
Under line Style and select Double Underline
C)
Select the text then choose Format >> Font and on Font tab open
Under
line Style and choose Double Underline
D)
Click double underline tool on formatting toolbar
5. Drop Cap means
A)
All Caps
B)
Small Caps
C)
Title case
D) None of above
6. What is the short cut key to open Font dialog box?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Ctrl + F
Alt + Ctrl + F
Ctrl + D
Ctrl + Shift + D
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7. How can you access the font size tool on formatting toolbar?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Ctrl + S
Ctrl + Shift + S
Ctrl + P
Ctrl + Shift + P
8. How can you make the selected character superscripted?

A)
B)
C)
D)
Ctrl + =
Ctrl + Shift + =
Alt + Ctrl + Shift + =
None of above
9. What does Ctrl + = key effect?

A)
B)
C)
D)
Superscript
Subscript
All Caps
Shadow
10. What happens if you mark on Hidden check box of Font dialog box
after you select some text?
A)
The text is deleted from document and you need to bring from Recycle
Bin
if required again.
B)
The text is hidden and you need to bring it by removing the check box
if
needed again
C)
The text is deleted and cannot be returned back
D)
The text is hidden and cannot be returned back
11. How can you increase the font size of selected text by one point every
time?
A)
B)
C)
D)
By
By
By
By
pressing
pressing
pressing
pressing
Ctrl
Ctrl
Ctrl
Ctrl
+
+
+
+
]
[
}
{
12. Which of the following line spacing is invalid?

A)
B)
C)
D)
Single
Double
Triple
Multiple
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13. How can you apply exactly the same formatting you did to another
text?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Copy the text and paste in new location. Then type the new text again.
Copy the text and click on Paste Special tool on new place
Select the text then click on Format Painter and select the new text
All of above
14. What should you do if you require pasting the same format in many
places?
A)
Click the Format painter and go on pasting in many places holding Alt
B)
C)
Double click the format painter then go on pasting in many places

Click the format painter then go on pasting to many places holding Ctrl
D)
All of above
Key
Key
15. On which toolbar can you find Format Painter tool?

A)
B)
C)
D)
16. Which
A)
B)
C)
D)
Clipboard
Formatting toolbar
Drawing Toolbar
Picture Toolbar
indent marker controls all the lines except first line?
First Line Indent Marker
Left Indent Marker
Hanging Indent Marker
Right Indent Marker
17. How can you remove tab stop markers from ruler?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Double click the tab marker and choose Clear All

Drag the tab stop marker out of the ruler
Right click the tab stop marker and choose remove
All of above
18. Which operation you will perform if you need to move a block of text?
A)
Copy and Paste
B)
Cut and Paste
C)
Paste and Delete
D)
Paste and Cut
19. What is the extension of Word files?
66 | P a g e
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A)
B)
C)
D)
FIL
DOT
DOCX
TXT
20. Which of the following option is not available in Insert >>

Illustrations?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Chart
Word Art
Clip Art
Shapes
Answers
1-B, 2-A, 3-A, 4-C, 5-D, 6-C, 7-D, 8-B, 9-B, 10-B, 11-A, 12-C, 13-C, 14-B, 15A, 16-B, 17-B, 18-B, 19-C, 20-B
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QUIZ: -10
1. To insert a drop cap in one of the paragraph you should access
A)
Home
B)
Insert
C)
Page Layout
D)
None of above
2. How many different positions can you set for drop cap?
A)
1
B)
2
C)
4
D)
6
3. What is the maximum number of lines you can set for lines to drop box?
A)
3
B)
5
C)
10
D)
15
4. Which of the following can NOT be used to create parallel style column?
A)
Format Tabs
B)
Table Insert Table
C)
Insert Textbox
D)
Format Columns
5. Which of the following is used to create newspaper style columns?
A)
Format Tabs
B)
Table Insert Table
C)
Insert Textbox
D)
Format Columns
6. Columns dialog box can be opened from
A)
Home menu Columns submenu
B)
Page Layout-Columns
C)
Press Alt + O + C
D)
B&C
7. You can jump to the next column by
A)
B)
C)
D)
Clicking with your mouse on the next column

Press Alt + Down-arrow
Both of above
None of Above
8. How can you break the current column and start a new column
immediately?
A)
Press Ctrl + Shift + Enter
B)
Press Alt + Enter
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C)
D)
Press Ctrl + Enter

Press Alt + Shift + Enter
9. What is the smallest width of a column?

A)
0"
B)
0.5"
C)
1"
D)
1.5"
10. If the number of columns is selected 1 and the line between check box
is marked, where is the line drawn?
A)
in the left margin
B)
in the right margin
C)
both in left and right margin
D)
None of Above
11. The other Col# are inactive when youve select 3 columns. How will
you activate those boxes?
A)
B)
double click on spacing box

double click on inactive Col#
C)
Remove mark from Line between checkbox
D)
Remove mark from Equal Column Width check box
12. Howmuch space in minimum must be provided between columns?

A)
0"
B)
0.5"
C)
1"
D)
1.5"
13. To open Columns dialog box quickly
A)
Double click on the left margin area of ruler
B)
Double click the space between area on ruler
C)
Double click the right margin in ruler
D)
All of above
14. Which of the following command is available in View menu?
A)
Auto text
B)
Autocorrect
C)
Auto summarize
D)
Macro
15. To move the cursor page to page of document
A)
Ctrl+PgDn
B)
Ctrl+PgUp
C)
Both of above
D)
None of above
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16. Text boundary can be displayed or hidden from
A)
Auto text option from Insert menu
B)
Border from Home Menu
C)
Customize from Tools menu
D)
All of above
17. Which of the following are word processing software?
A)
WordPerfect
B)
Easy Word
C)
MS Word
D)
All of above
18. MS Office provides help in many ways, which of these is one of them?
A)
What is this?
B)
Office Assistant
C)
Help menu
D)
All of the above
19. You wished to justify text over the height of paper, which option will
you choose
A)
Page Setup from Page Layout menu
B)
Paragraph from Format menu
C)
From formatting toolbar
D)
Font from Format menu
20. Which
A)
B)
C)
D)
of the following is not of the merge process?

Sort the data source records
Format a main document
Edit a data source
Merge the two files to print or create a new document
Answers
1-B, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D, 5-D, 6-D, 7-C, 8-A, 9-B, 10-D, 11-D, 12-A,
13-B, 14-D, 15-C, 16-B, 17-D, 18-D, 19-A, 20-A,
70 | P a g e
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QUIZ: -11
1. There can be many ways to insert page number in a document. Which of
the following lets you insert page number
A)
B)
C)
D)
Page number from Insert menu

Page Setup from file menu
Footnote from Insert menu
Both a & c
2. Which is not a Mailing component?

A)
B)
C)
D)
Pictures
Envelopes
Address Block
Rules
3. Which of the following is not the part of standard office suite?

A)
Word Processor
B)
Database
C)
Image Editor
D)
File manager
4. Where can you find the Draw Table tool button?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Home
Insert
Page Layout
View
5. Which of the following option in Office button is used to close a MS

Word document?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Quit
Close
Exit
New
6. You need to jump to the next column breaking current column right at
the cursor position. How can you break column?
A)
Pressing Ctrl+Enter
B)
Break command from Page Layout
C)
Break command from Insert menu
D)
Both b and c
7. Superscript, subscript, outline, emboss, engrave are known as
A)
font styles
71 | P a g e
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B)
C)
D)
font effects
word art
text effects
8. Shimmer, Sparkle text, Blinking Background etc. are known as

A)
B)
C)
D)
font styles
font effects
word art
text effects
9. The feature of Word that automatically adjusts the amount of space

between certain combination of characters so that an entire word looks
more evenly spaced. What is that feature called?
A)
B)
C)
D)
10. Which
A)
B)
C)
D)
Spacing
Scaling
Kerning
Positioning
of the following is not available in Font Spacing?
Normal
Loosely
Condensed
Expanded
11. Which of the following position is not available for fonts on MS Word?
A)
Normal
B)
Raised
C)
Lowered
D)
Centered
12. What is the maximum scale percentage available in Scale drop down
box?
A)
B)
C)
D)
500
200
100
90
13. Bold, Italic, Regular are known as

A)
B)
C)
D)
font styles
font effects
word art
text effects
72 | P a g e
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14. Uppercase on Change Case dialog box and All Caps on Fonts dialog box
both converts selected text into Capital Letters. Whats the difference
between the two?
A)
B)
C)
always
D)
Change
Both are same. They are only two different ways of capitalize text.
It is faster to convert from Change Case than from Font dialog box
Change Case makes conversion permanent but All Caps on Font can
be reverted
All Caps on Font dialog box makes the change permanent where
Case can be always reverted
15. If you need to hide some paragraphs, how can you do it?
A)
B)
C)
D)
From Paragraph dialog box

From Font dialog box
From Options Dialog box
None of above
16. Which of the following is the latest version of MS Word?

A)
B)
C)
D)
Word
Word
Word
Word
2000
2007
2010
2011
17. Changing the appearance of a document is called

A)
B)
C)
D)
Proofing
Editing
Formatting
All of above
18. In a document what is the maximum number of columns that can be

inserted in MS Word Table?
A)
35
B)
15
C)
63
D)
65
19. You can detect spelling and grammar errors by

A)
Press Shift + F7
B)
Press Ctrl + F7
C)
Press Alt+ F7
D)
Press F7
73 | P a g e
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20. A screen element of MS Word that is usually located below the title bar
that provides categorized options is
A)
Menu mar
B)
Tool Bar
C)
Status Bar
D)
All of the above
Answers
1-A, 2-A, 3-D, 4-B, 5-B, 6-B, 7-B, 8-D, 9-C, 10-B, 11-D, 12-B, 13-A, 14-C, 15B, 16-C, 17-C, 18-C, 19-D, 20-A
74 | P a g e
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Quiz:-12
1 A function inside another function is called _______
A.
Nested function
B.
Round function
C.
Sum function
D.
Text function
2 Which of the following is not an underline option in the format cells
dialog box?
A.
Double
B.
Single Accounting
C.
Double Accounting
D.
Single Engineering
3 Formulas in Excel start with
A.
%
B.
=
C.
+
D.
4 The default header for a worksheet is
A.
Username
B.
Date and Time
C.
Sheet tab Name
D.
None
5 Which of the following is not an option of the spelling dialog box?
A.
Ignore
B.
Ignore all
C.
Edit
D.
Change
6 Which of the following methods will not enter data in a cell?
A.
Pressing the Esc key
B.
Pressing an arrow key
C.
Pressing the tab key
D.
Clicking the enter button to the formula bar
7 The cell
A.
B.
C.
D.
reference for cell range of G2 to M12 is _______

G2.M12
G2;M12
G2:M12
G2-M12
8 What is the keyboard shortcut for creating a chart from the selected cell
range?
A.
B.
C.
D.
F2
F4
F8
F11
75 | P a g e
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9 The Software which contains rows and columns is called _______
A.
B.
C.
D.
Database
Drawing
Spreadsheet
Word processing
10 You can group noncontiguous worksheets with

A.
B.
C.
D.
The
The
The
The
alt+enter key
ctrl key and mouse
shift key and the mouse
group button on the standard toolbar
ANSWERS:
1.
A
C
2.
8.
76 | P a g e
Computer
D
D
3.
9.
B
C
4.
10.
D
B
5.
6.
7.
Fundamentals of
S.P.SHARMA
Quiz:-13
Q. 1 E_Mail is used to
a)
Delivery receipts
b)
Vouchers
c)
Exchange Mails
d)
Exchange Money
Q.2 Which option in print command is used to print the document
from last to first?
a)
Last to First Printing
b)
Reverse print order
c)
Draft output
d)
Reverse Prin
Q.3 Which option is used to preview the file before the print?
a)
Print preview
b)
Show File
c)
Preface
d)
Preview page
Q.4 In MS Power Point, which option is used to create buttons in
your slide
a)
Action Button
b)
Slide Button
c)
Used Button
d)
Apply Button
Q.5 What is the use of floppy disk?
a)
Select
b)
Store data
c)
Open data
d)
Read data
Q.6 In MS Word, which option is used to define page margin and
paper size?
a)
Print
b)
Margin
c)
Page setup
d)
Size
Q.7 What is the use of magnifier?
a)
Show the page
b)
Delete
c)
Backup
d)
Enlarge
Q.8 The information in ROM can only be

77 | P a g e
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a)
Written
b)
Viewed
c)
Executed
d)
Read
Q.9 What is the extension of document type files?

Ans:Q.10 Which option is used to insert special characters in a word document?
Ans:Q.11 What does the term cc in email refer to?
Ans:Q.12 What is expansionfor IP?
Ans:Q.13 What is the expansion of OS?
Ans:Q.14 In one Byte is equal to
Ans:Q.15 What is expansion for SMPS?
Ans:Q.16 What is the name of the Text or Graphics that appear at the bootom of every
page in a Word document?
Ans:Q.17 Which option is used to arrange the data based on the contents of cells?
Ans:Q.18 ______________ application is used to create a document?
Ans:-
78 | P a g e
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Quiz:-14
Q.1 Which is the minimum text point size in a slide?
a)
12 point
b)
15 point
c)
4 point
d)
8 point
Q.2 How many bits store in 1 KB?
a)
8 Bits
b)
1024 bits
c)
32 bits
d)
1024*8 bits
Q.3 RAM is a _______________\
a)
Permanent memory
b)
Secondary memory
c)
Voilatile Memory
d)
Non-voilatile memory
Q.4 Windows Xp is an example of_____________
a)
Application s/w
b)
Internal s/w
c)
Programming s/w
d)
System s/w
Q.5 How many default views available in MS- Word?
a)
1
b)
3
c)
4
d)
5
Q.6 What is the extention of web layout view of MS- Word?
a)
doc
b)
docx
c)
dot
d)
html
Q.7 Wrap Text is avaiable in which menu of MS-EXcel?
a)
Home
b)
Insert
c)
Page Layout
d)
Data
Q.8 edit command in MS- DOS is a_________
a)
External Command
79 | P a g e
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S.P.SHARMA
b)
c)
d)
Internal Command
Boot Command
Both 1 & 3
Q.9 For deleting a directory by DOS which command used ?

a)
rd command
b)
del command
c)
delete command
d)
either 2 or 3
Q.10 If you want to enter floating point in MS-Access then you must set which
properties of number data type?
a)
Scale
b)
Format
c)
Default
d)
value Both 1 & 2
Q.11 E- Mail stand for?
a)
Electronic-Mail
b)
Erasable-Mail
c)
Economic-Mail
d)
None of these
Q.12 WWW stand for?
a)
World Wide Web
b)
World Web Wide
c)
Both 1 & 2
d)
None of these
Q.13 Group
a)
b)
c)
d)
of 8 Bits called?
Byte
KB
MB
GB
Q.14 Control Unit is the Part of?

a)
ALU
b)
CPU
c)
Memory
d)
Monitor
Q.15 Fourth generation of computer used?
a)
Vaccum Tude
b)
Processor
80 | P a g e
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S.P.SHARMA
c)
d)
ICA
Transitor
Q.16 HDD stand for?

a)
Hard drive disk
b)
Hard Disk Drive
c)
Hyper Text Disk Drive
d)
Hard Digital Disk
Q.17 DVD stand for?
a)
Digital Visual Display
b)
Digital Video Disk
c)
Disk Visual Display
d)
Digital Video Display
Q.18 How many types of Command are there in DOS?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
Q.19 Window XP developed by?
a)
Sun Micro System
b)
Oracle
c)
Microsft
d)
IBM
Q.20 Shortcut key for Spelling check
a)
F7
b)
F9
c)
Atl+s
d)
Atl+g
Q.21 Start button is present on?
a)
Desktop
b)
Toolbar
c)
Taskbar
d)
Control Panel
Q.22 Mail Merge Options is located at?
a)
Insert
b)
View
c)
Mailing
d)
Home
81 | P a g e
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Q.23 Shortcut key for Subscript?

a)
F7
c)
Ctrl+=
b)
F9
d)
Ctrl+Shift+S
Q.24 In Excel a formuls starts with?
a)
=
b)
+
c)
d)
>
Q.25 A2 is a?
a)
Row Number
b)
Column Number
c)
Refernce Number
d)
None of these
Q.26 CPU Stands for?
a)
Control Processing Unit
b)
Central Power Unit
c)
Central Processing Unit
d)
Control Power Unit
Q.27 Who is the First programmer?
a)
Bill Gates
b)
Ada Lowrence
c)
Charles Babbage
d)
Sabir joshi
Q.28 MS-DOS Stands for?
a)
Microsoft Disk Operaring System
b)
Microsoft Digital OS
c)
Microsoft Drive OS
d)
Micro System Digital OS
Q.29 DIR is?
a)
An Internal Command
b)
An Eternal Command
c)
A boot Command
d)
None of these
Q.30 cd commamd is used for?
82 | P a g e
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S.P.SHARMA
a)
b)
c)
d)
Create a directory
Change the directory
Checking the directory
Copy the directory from one drive to another drive
Q.31 When we copy an item it store?

a)
In the memory
b)
In the buffer
c)
In the clipart
d)
In the cliboard
Q.32 IC is used in the ?
a)
First Generation Computer
b)
Second Generation Computer
c)
Third Generation Computer
d)
Fourth Generation Computer
Q.33 Which
a)
b)
c)
d)
is not a type of Software?

System Software
Application Software
progamming Software
Internal Software
Q.34 MS-Office is a/an

a)
System Software
b)
Application Software
c)
progamming Software
d)
Internal Software
Q.35 Format
a)
b)
c)
d)
painter is located in which menu of MS-Word 2007?

Home
Insert
Review
Page layout
Q.36 If we want to protect our document then we chosse which menu of word 2007?
a)
Home
b)
Insert
c)
Review
d)
Page layout
Q.37 What is the default extention of word 2007 document?
a)
doc
b)
docx
83 | P a g e
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Computer
S.P.SHARMA
c)
d)
dot
txt
Q.38 If we want to insert watermark in our page then we choose

which menu of word 2007?
a)
Home
b)
Pagelayout
c)
review
d)
Reference
Q.39 number of default menu item in Excel 2007 Menu bar?
a)
5
b)
6
c)
7
d)
8
Q.40 Number of data types used in MS-Access 2007?
a)
8
b)
9
c)
10
d)
11
Q.41 The default data types of Ms-Access 2007?

a)
Autonumber
b)
Text
c)
Number
d)
Date/Time
Q.42 Number Of Object in Access 2007?
a)
6
b)
7
c)
8
d)
9
Q.43 MS-Access is a ?
a)
Database
b)
Database Mangement System
c)
Relational DBMS
d)
Operating System
Q.44 If we want to collect the information from multiple tables we
used the following object of Access?
a)
Design View of a table
b)
Query
84 | P a g e
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S.P.SHARMA
c)
Relationship
d)
Macro
Q.45 Consolidate is located in the following menu of Excel 2007?
a)
Home
b)
Data
c)
Review
d)
Formulas
Q.46 Default extention of the Ms- Access 2007 database?
a)
mdb
b)
accdb
c)
msdb
d)
accsdb
Q.47 Ram Markes a presentation, so he choose MS-PowerPoint for this. Ram has
prepared 10 Slide, now he want to set the resolution of his slides so he should be
used which menu item
a)
b)
c)
d)
Animation
Slide show
View
Insert
Q. 48 rahul want to chchange the folder option of his computer so he select the
which menu item/
a)
Tools
b)
View
c)
File
d)
Edit
Q.49 The shortcut key to increase the font size?
a)
Ctrl+>
b)
Ctrl++
c)
Ctrl+Alt+>
d)
Alt+ctrl++
Q.50 Computer is
a)
b)
c)
d)
An Electronic Device
A Power Suppiler
A Magnetic Device
An Electronic Power
85 | P a g e
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S.P.SHARMA
Quiz-14
Anwer
1.
7.
13.
19.
31.
37.
49.
D
A
A
C
C
D
B
B
A
2.
8.
14.
20.
26.
32.
38.
44.
50.
86 | P a g e
Computer
D
A
A
A
A
C
B
B
A
3.
9.
15.
21.
27.
33.
39.
45.
C
A
B
C
B
D
C
B
4.
10.
16.
22.
28.
34.
40.
46.
D
A
B
C
A
B
C
D
5.
11.
17.
23.
29.
35.
41.
47.
D
A
D
C
A
A
B
B
6.
12.
18.
24.
30.
36.
42.
48.
D
A
B
A
B
C
B
A
25.
43.
Fundamentals of
S.P.SHARMA
COMPUTER HARDWARE
&
NETWORKING
87 | P a g e
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Quiz: -1
1. From what location are the 1st computer instructions available on boot
up?
A.
ROM BIOS
B.
CPU
C.
boot.ini
D.
CONFIG.SYS
E.
None of the above
2.What could cause a fixed disk error.
A.
No-CD installed
B.
bad ram
C.
slow processor
D.
Incorrect CMOS settings
E.
None of the above
3. Missing slot covers on a computer can cause?
A.
over heat
B.
power surges
C.
EMI.
D.
incomplete path for ESD
E.
None of the above
4. When installing PCI NICS you can check the IRQ availability by looking
at
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
dip switches
CONFIG.SYS
jumper settings
motherboard BIOS
None of the above
5. With respect to a network interface card, the term 10/100 refers to

A.
protocol speed
B.
a fiber speed
C.
megabits per seconds
D.
minimum and maximum server speed
E.
None of the above
6. Which Motherboard form factor uses one 20 pin connector
A.
ATX
B.
AT
C.
BABY AT
D.
All of the above
E.
None of the above
88 | P a g e
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7. A hard disk is divided into tracks which are further subdivided into:
A.
clusters
B.
sectors
C.
vectors
D.
heads
E.
None of the above
8. A wrist grounding strap contains which of the following:
A.
Surge protector
B.
Capacitor
C.
Voltmeter
D.
Resistor
E.
None of the above
9. Which standard govern parallel communications?
A.
RS232
B.
RS-232a
C.
CAT 5
D.
IEEE 1284
E.
None of the above
10. In laser printer technology, what happens during the conditioning
stage?
A.
The corona wire places a uniform positive charge on the paper
B.
A uniform negative charge is placed on the photosensitive drum
C.
A uniform negative charge is placed on the toner
D.
All of the above
E.
None of the above
11. What product is used to clean smudged keys on a keyboard?
A.
TMC solvent
B.
Silicone spray
C.
Denatured alcohol
D.
All-purpose cleaner
E.
None of the above
12. ESD would cause the most damage to which component?
A.
Power supply
B.
Expansion board
C.
Monitor
D.
Keyboard
E.
None of the above
13. To view any currently running Terminate Stay Resident (TSR's)
programs you could type:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Memory
MEM
SYS /M
Memmaker
None of the above
89 | P a g e
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14.
Which type of system board is the MOST likely candidate for
processor upgrading if you want maximum performance and future
compatibility?
A.
ML
B.
PCI
C.
ISA
D.
EISA
E.
None of the above
15.
Suppose that you have a the maintenance package identifies several
possible field replaceable units (FRUs) that will resolve the problem. What
should you do after turning the power off?
A.
Replace the indicated parts, one at a time in the recommended
sequence,
until the problem is resolved; return unused FRUs to stock
B.
Replace all of the indicated FRUs at once and return the machine to the
cus
tomer if the problem is resolved
C.
Follow the same procedure as in ays replace the system board first if it
is on
the list `of possible FRUs If multiple FRUs are indicated, then
software is the
most likely source of the problem
D.
None of the above
16. Most PCs give a single beep on bootup to indicate they are ok
hardware wise. You boot your PC and don't get a beep. What should you
check first?
A.
system board
B.
RAM
C.
microprocessor
D.
power supply
E.
speaker
17.
Which peripheral port provides the FASTEST throughput to laser
printers?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
RS-232
SCSI
Parallel
Serial
None of the above
18. The mouse pointer moves erratically, what is the possible cause? The
mouse
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
ball is dirty
is not connected
driver is not installed properly
has an incorrect IRQ setting
None of the above
19. Voltage4s measured:

90 | P a g e
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Fundamentals of
S.P.SHARMA
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
in parallel
in series
after breaking the circuit
after checking resistance
after checking current
20. Your customer tells you the print quality of their dot matrix printer is
light then dark. Which of the following could cause the problem.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Paper slippage
Improper ribbon advancement
Paper thickness
Head position
None of the above
21. The 34-pin connection on an I/O card is for?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Floppy drive
SCSI drive
IDE drive
Zip drive
None of the above
22. The terms "red book", "yellow book", and "orange book" refer to:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
SCSI
ide
floppy drive technology
CD-ROM standards
All of the above
23. On the 16-bit ISA bus, IRQ2 is elevated to which higher level Interrupt?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
9
11
13
15
None of the above
24. What beep codes could indicate a system board or power supply
failure?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
steady short beep

no beep
one long continuous beep tone
steady long beeps
All of the above
91 | P a g e
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S.P.SHARMA
25. To view any currently running Terminate Stay Resident (TSR's)
programs you could type:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Memory
MEM
SYS /M
Memmaker
None of the above
26. Which part of the laser printer should NOT be exposed to sunlight?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Transfer corona assembly

PC drum
Primary corona wire
Toner cartridge
None of the above
27. After doing a low-level format, what would be the next step in
configuring the hard drive in a system?
A.
Format DOS partition
B.
Install operating system
C.
Configure DMA channel and back-up interrupt
D.
Partition had disk
E.
None of the above
28. Resistance is measured in ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Volts
Amps
Watts
Ohms
None of the above
29. What command is used to reset a MODEM when using the "AT
Command Set"?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
ATR
ATZ
DTR
DCE
None of the above
30. When installing a SCSI CD-ROM drive, you must set the CD-ROM SCSI
adapter to:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
B0007
An unused SCSI address
The same address as the SCSI device before the CD-ROM
SCSI ID=1
None of the above
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31. Pick the correct choice for the 80386SXCPU.
A.
16 bit word size, 16 bit data path
B.
C.
D.
E.
32. In Inkjet technology the droplets of ink are deflected by?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
multi directional nozzles

electronically charged plates
high pressure plates
electro static absorbtion
None of the above
33.
When your hard drive crashes from any of the correct selections in
the question above, or from dropping it, it is known as head-to-disk
interference, or HDL
A.
34.
B.
False
What tool is used to test serial and parallel ports?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
35.
True
high volt probe

cable scanner
loop backs (wrap plugs)
sniffer
None of the above
ESD would cause the most damage to which component?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Power supply
Expansion board
Monitor
Keyboard
None of the above
36.
What is the highest binary number that can be referred to on a three
position jumper block?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
37.
4
6
F
1
None of the above
What voltage does a Pentium system use?

A.
+12 volts
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B.
C.
D.
E.
+ 5 volts
+ 8 volts
+3.3 volts
None of the above
38. A numeric error code check: A 17xx indicates a problem with:

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
CMOS
ROM BIOS
DMA controller
hard drive or controller
power supply
39. Which provides the fastest access to large video files?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Optical drives
IDE hard drives
SCSI hard drives
EIDE hard drives
None of the above
40.
A 25-pin female connector on the back of your computer will
typically be:
41.
A.
Serial port 1
B.
A parallel port
C.
Docking
D.
COM2 port
E.
None of the above
On the PC side, the printer port is a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
25
15
25
15
25
pin
pin
pin
pin
pin
female serial connector

female parallel connector
male serial connector
female serial connector
female parallel connector
42. You were installing an application in Windows 95, and the computer
crashes, what do you do?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
43.
press alt + Ctrl + delete, twice

press alt + Ctrl + delete, and end task
press the reset button on the computer
turn off computer and boot from a floppy disk
None of the above
RS-232 is a standard that applies to:
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A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
serial ports
parallel ports
game ports
networks
digital frequencies
44. You just installed a new IDE hard drive, but your system BIOS will not
recognize the new drive, what should you check first.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
45.
During boot-up, the memory test:

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
46.
Is a superfluous step that should be ignored

Checks and verifies that contiguous memory is installed
Is an operational error
Displays what memory is installed, but nothing else
None of the above
What is the best ground for a conductive work bench?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
47.
cable sequence
jumpers on the hard drive
drivers that need to be loaded
hard drive manufacturer web site information
None of the above
AC outlet
Ground to bend
To another device
Chassis ground
None of the above
Topically, how many type III PC cards can you insert in a laptop
A.
B
C.
D.
E.
1
2
3
4
None of the above
48.
What is the first thing you could do to check for damage to a printer
after receiving it?
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A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Run MSD diagnostics

Attach it to a PC and print something
Check the cables
Unbox it and examine it for physical damage
None of the above
49.
You have a system that periodically locks up. You have ruled out
software, and now suspect that it is hardware. What should you do first
that could help you narrow it down to the component at fault?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Rotate the RAM

Replace the RAM
Replace the level 2 cache SIMM
Disable the CPU cache in CMOS
Replace the CPU
Quiz:-2
1. What's the best way to protect your hard drive data?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
regular backups
periodically defrag it
run chkdsk at least once a week
run scandisk at least once a week
run a regular diagnostic
2. On a dot matrix printer, you should never lubricate which part?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
carriage rails
printhead pins
paper advance bearings
carriage bearings
None of the above
3.
How many devices can be used on a single SCSI bus? Keep in mind
that the SCSI host adapter counts as a device.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
1
8
20
10
All of the above
4. Match the device driver HIMEM.SYS to its operation.

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A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Supports (ANSI) terminal emulation

Manages the use of extended memory
Uses expanded memory on a 80386 processor
Supports code page switching
None of the above
5. ____ help prevent power surges.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Surge suppressor
Spike protector
UPS system
High-grade multi-meter
None of the above
6. The digital multimeter is set for DC, Ohm and 20k. You will read _____
while measuring a good 2 amp fuse.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
0.00
0.02
0.20
2.00
None of the above
7. An anti static strap uses a small _____ to make sure you do not become
the least path of resistance to the ground?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
capacitor
diode
transistor
resistor
None of the above
8. If the memory slots have 30 pins then the chip is a?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
DIMM
SIMM
SDRAM
All of the above
None of the above
9. Laser Jet printer speeds are measured in pages per minute (ppm) what
do we use to measure dot-matrix printers?
A.
lines per inch
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B.
C.
D.
E.
10.
lines per sheet

characters per inch
characters per second
None of the above
Which values are held in CMOS for the hard drive

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
size (heads, cylinders, sectors)

IRQ
Free space
Virus alert
None of the above
11.
Which of the following would be a logical first step in
troubleshooting a PC?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
12.
Check the computer CMOS

Define the circumstances of the problem
Call the vendor
Define what applications are being used
None of the above
Which DOS driver is used to emulate expanded memory?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Himem.sys
EMM386.exe
Mem386.sys
Ramdrive.sys
None of the above
13. For a Macintosh to print successfully, the System Folder must contain:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
File sharing software

A printer enabler
The apple Garamond font set
A printer driver
None of the above
14. Which component must be vacuumed or replaced during preventative

maintenance on a laser printer?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
15.
Scanning mirror
Toner cartridge
Ozone filter
All of the above
None of the above
Which device uses a DMA channel?
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A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
16.
Modem
Network Card
Sound Card
All of the above
None of the above
When is the risk for electrostatic discharge the greatest?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Day time
High humidity
Low humidity
Night time
None of the above
17.
When is the risk for electrostatic discharge the greatest?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Day time
High humidity
Low humidity
Night time
None of the above
18.
A modem could be attached to which port?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Parallel port
ASYNC port
Keyboard connector
Video port
None of the above
19.
What device prevents power interruptions, resulting in corrupted
data?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Battery back-up unit

Surge protector
Multiple SIMMs strips
Data guard system
None of the above
20.
SCSI must be terminated with?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Dip switch
Resistor
BNC
All of the above
None of the above
21.
In a computer with an eide adapter, where should you connect an
ATA CD-ROM drive?
A.
on the floppy bus
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S.P.SHARMA
B.
C.
D.
E.
on
on
on
All
the primary IDE

the secondary IDE
the SCSI bus
of the above
22.
What's the best way to prevent damaging your PC with static
electricity?
A.
place your PC on a rubber mat
B.
wear leather soled shoes
C.
periodically touch a safe ground point on the PC to discharge yourself
D.
static electricity doesn't really hurt a PC
E.
wear an ESD wrist strap
23.
What is the highest binary number that can be referred to on a three
position jumper block?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
24.
During boot-up, the memory test:

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
25.
4
6
F
1
None of the above
Is a superfluous step that should be ignored

Checks and verifies that contiguous memory is installed
Is an operational error
Displays what memory is installed, but nothing else
None of the above
IRQ6 is typically reserved for:

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
26. Which
A.
B.
C.
the
D.
the
E.
The floppy
The keyboard controller
LPT2
The modem
None of the above
would you do first when troubleshooting a faulty monitor?
Check its connections to the computer and power source
Use a meter to check the CRT and internal circuitry for continuity
Power down the monitor, then turn it on again to see if that corrects
problem
Power down the computer, then turn it on again to see if that corrects
problem
None of the above
27. To install a second IDE drive into a computer, you must:

A.
Set the master-slave jumper to slave on the second drive
B.
Use the IDE configuration software to set the new drive as slave
100 | P a g e
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C.
Verify that you define the new drive as D: in the CMOS setup
Verify that you attach the drive to the connector at the end of the
ribbon
cable
E.
None of the above
28.
Why does a successfully mapped network drive disappear every time
you boot the computer?
D.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
29.
The computer you are connected to has moved

You didn't click reconnect on log on
The map statement is not in the autoexec.bat file
The last drive was not set correctly
None of the above
What do you need to check serial and parallel port?
A.
Port adapter
B.
Logic probe
C.
Loopback plug
D.
All of the above
E.
None of the above
30.
You have a PC with no video* Which of the following is LEAST likely
to be causing the problem?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
defective RAM (bank zero)

defective microprocessor
crashed hard drive
loose video card
low AC outlet power
31.
To test for AC ripple on a PC power supply, you would set the
volt/ohm meter for:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
DC voltage scale
AC voltage
OHM scale
Farad scale
None of the above
32.
You get a CMOS checksum error during bootup. What is most likely
the cause?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
power supply is bad

BIOS needs updating
CMOS battery is nearing end of life
hard drive types are incorrectly defined
None of the above
33.
On the 16-bit ISA bus, IRQ2 is elevated to which higher level
interrupt?
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A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
9
11
13
15
None of the above
34. When measuring AC (Alternating Current) with a multimeter, it is

important to maintain the proper polarity.
A.
B.
True
False
35.
After trying to unload a TSR, you get an error message saying that
other TSRs were loaded after the one you tried to remove. Which of the
following commands could you use to see the current load order?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
MEM /P
MEMMAKER
MEM /C
SYS:
None of the above
36. What is a common language that computers use to talk with one
another on a network
A.
client
B.
adapter
C.
protocol
D.
operating systems
E.
None of the above
37.
When measuring AC (Alternating Current) with a multimeter, it is
A.
True
B.
False
38. Which DOS driver is used to emulate expanded memory?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
39.
Himem.sys
EMM386.exe
Mem386.sys
Ramdrive.sys
None of the above
Which should you use for cleaning Mylar-protected LCD screens?

A.
B.
C.
D.
Ammonia window cleaner

Non-abrasive cleanser
Anti-static wipes
Alcohol-impregnated wipes
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E.
40.
None of the above
What could cause a fixed disk error?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
No-CD installed
Bad RAM
Slow processor
None of the above
34. When measuring AC (Alternating Current) with a multimeter, it is

A.
B.
True
False
35.
After trying to unload a TSR, you get an error message saying that
other TSRs were loaded after the one you tried to remove. Which of the
following commands could you use to see the current load order?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
MEM /P
MEMMAKER
MEM /C
SYS:
None of the above
36. What is a common language that computers use to talk with one
another on a network
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
client
adapter
protocol
operating systems
None of the above
37.
When measuring AC (Alternating Current) with a multimeter, it is
A.
B.
C.
True
False
None of the above
38. Which DOS driver is used to emulate expanded memory?

A.
B.
C.
D.
39.
Himem.sys
EMM386.exe
Mem386.sys
Ramdrive.sys
Which should you use for cleaning Mylar-protected LCD screens?
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A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
40.
What could cause a fixed disk error?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
41.
Ammonia window cleaner

Non-abrasive cleanser
Anti-static wipes
Alcohol-impregnated wipes
None of the above
No-CD installed
Bad RAM
Slow processor
None of the above
ESD potential decreases with the use of:

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
De-ionizing fans
A wrist strap
Rubber gloves with matching cap
A static meter
None of the above
42.
Which of the following FRUs would be considered both an
input/output device?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Video board
SCSI host adapter
System board CPU
All of the above
None of the above
43.
A COM port is a _____ port.
44.
A.
parallel
B.
serial
C.
static D.
multi
E.
SCSI
Which device is on IRQ 6?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Keyboard
IDE
Floppy drive
Video card
None of the above
45.
A system has two IDE hard drives that are each divided into primary
and extended partitions, which drive letter is assigned to the primary
partition of the second drive?
A.
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B.
C.
D.
E.
D
E
F
None of the above
46.
What is the most significant difference between the USB and
IEEE1394 standards?
A.
IEEE 1394 is faster
B.
USB does not support USB
C.
USB is plug and play
D.
IEEE 1394 is hot swappable
E.
None of the above
47.
When connecting two internal SCSI hard disks to a computer, where
do you connect the second hard drive?
A.
Any open SCSI port on the computer
B.
A Serial port on the first host adapter
C.
An open parallel port on the computer
D.
An open SCSI port on the first hard drive
E.
None of the above
48.
When connecting a ribbon cable to a connector, how do you know
which direction to plug it in?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The red line in the cable goes to the highest pin number
The colored line in the cable goes to pin #1
It does not matter
The blue or red line in the cable goes away from the power connector
None of the above
49.
What is the first step in diagnosing a completely dead computer at
the client site that was working the day before.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
50.
Test the power supply

replace the CMOS battery
check the AC outlet
reseat the hard drive controller cable
None of the above
What specification covers PC hard cards?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
SCSI
ISA
PCMCIA
MFM
None of the above
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Quiz: -3
1. Which common bus specification provides the fastest data transfer
rate?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
2. Modems
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
VL bus
ISA
PCI
All of the above
None of the above
use transmission.
Synchronous
Asynchronous
Timed interval
Ata
Bank
3. A 6xx indicates a problem with the:

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
4.
Floppy drive
Hard drive
Keyboard
CD ROM
All of the above
A sound card typically uses which IRQ?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
6
5
15
1
It doesn't use an IRQ
5. During preventative maintenance on a dot matrix printer, do NOT

lubricate:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Platen assembly
Print head pulley
Print head pins
Paper advance gear bushings
None of the above
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6. You see the message "invalid media device" after installing a new hard
drive. What do you do next?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Format
Fdisk
Partition
Add the OS
None of the above
7. What is the modem hang up command?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
ATHU
ATH
ATZ
ATX
None of the above
8. What expansion types do most pll/plll motherboards support?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
MCA, PCI
ISA, EISA
ISA, PCI, AGP
ISA, VESA, PCI
None of the above
9. When installing an internal modem, all of the following IRQ's can be

used except?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5
10
14
All of the above
None of the above
10.
An IRQ allow interface cards to:
A.
Interrupt the CPU to request service
B.
Pass data to the CPU to be processed
C.
Pass data from one card to another
D.
Pass data to the computers memory
E.
None of the above
11. A workstation has just been installed on an Ethernet LAN, but cannot
communicate with the network. What should you check first?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
reinstall the network protocols

reinstall the network interface card driver
verify the ip configuration on the workstation
verify the link status on the computer's network card
None of the above
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12.
One of the major components of a PC is the Central Processing Unit
(CPU) which can be best described as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
13.
The device that sends the monitor signals telling it what to display
The area that regulates all of the system power usage
The area where ail the of the Basic input/output routines are tored
The area where all of the processing takes place
None of the above
What is the i/o address for com ?
A.
5
B.
4
C.
1
D.
9
E.
2
14.
The ESD wrist strap is designed to protect PC Components or Service
Technicians ?
A.
B.
C.
15.
You can have EISA and MCA devices in the same PC.
A.
16.
PC Components
Service Technicians
Both
True
B.
False
The floppy drive uses which DMA (direct memory access) channel?
A.
C.
E.
17. The DC
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5
B.
4
1
D.
9
2
voltage on most circuit boards is:
-12 volts
0 volts
+5 volts
+12 volts
None of the above
18.
A customer attached an external drive to his notebook computer but
the computer is not recognizing it. What should be considered?
A.
B.
software
C.
D.
E.
19.
The cables are attached firmly

The external drive has been preloaded with the appropriate
The external drive was attached before the computer was on
The external drive is turned on
All of the above
"Parity" errors usually indicate bad memory.
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A.
B.
20.
What device protects against line deficiencies?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
21.
True
False
Surge protector
UPS
Logic probe
Capacitor
None of the above
Which monitor would provide the highest level of performance?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
VGA
XGA
CGA
SVGA
None of the above
22.
Which of the following items would require you to comply with EPA
disposal guidelines?
23.
A.
Keyboard
B.
System board
C.
Power supply
D.
Battery
E.
None of the above
A hard disk is divided into tracks which are further subdivided into:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
clusters
sectors
vectors
heads
None of the above
24.
What is the paper feeding technology most commonly associated
with dot-matrix printers?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
25.
sheet feed
tractor feed
friction feed
manual feed
None of the above
COM1 is typically represented by which of the following?

A.
B.
C.
D.
15 pin port
9 pin male port
9 pin female port
25 pin male port
109 | P a g e
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E.
26.
Which step should you perform first before discharging a CRT?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
27.
Remove the CRT from its housing

Disconnect the CRT from the computer
Remove the video assembly
Turn power off before removing power source
None of the above
A capacitor is measured in which of the following units?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
28.
None of the above
Volts
Ohms
Farads
Resistance
None of the above
UART is a type of serial chip. Its letters stand for:

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
unidirectional access regarding transmission

universal asynchronous receiver/ transmitter
upper advanced real transfer
unable all restore t-bits
use all ROM types
29. A system has two IDE hard drives that are each divided into primary
and extended partitions, which drive letter is assigned to the primary
partition of the second drive?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
30.
What would you ask to determine if the display is working?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
31.
C
D
E
F
None of the above
Is there a video cursor or action on the screen?

Did the computer beep or chime?
Is there high voltage static on the screen
All of the above
None of the above
Your CD-ROM audio cable connects to the:

A.
D.
E.
speaker supply
hard drive
BIOS
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32.
In the Binary numbering system, a (1) represents a jumper being
shorted and a (0) represents a jumper being open. On a three-bit jumper
block on a SCSI drive, how would an ID of logical 3 be set?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
100
010
011
. 101
None of the above
33.
After installing a sound card, the system locks up when a parallel
port tape backup unit is also used. What is most likely the problem?
A.
IRQ
B.
DMA
C.
defective LPT port
D.
defective tape driver
E.
defective sound card
34. You are testing the resistance in Ohms of a fuse on a 15K amp system.
If the fuse is good, the meter should read?
35.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Type
0.0
0.2
5.0
2.0
None of the above
one PC cards:
36.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
14.4
are used only in desktops

are no longer being produced
are the thinnest of the PC cards
don't exist
have their own power source
modem should transmit _____ bits per second
37.
A.
14,400-15,000
B.
140-150
C.
1400-1500
D.
140,000-150,000
E.
None of the above
In laser technology, what happens during the transfer stage?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Residual toner is transferred to the waste receptacle

The laser transfers the image from the drum to the paper
The image is transferred from the drum to the paper
A negative charge is transferred to the surface of the drum
None of the above
38.
_____ is the term used to refer to the process of two modems
establishing communications with each other.
111 | P a g e
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S.P.SHARMA
A.
C.
E.
interacting
connecting
pinging
B.
D.
handshaking
linking
39. Resistance is measured in ohm.

A.
B.
True
False
40.
Suppose that the power lamp in on, but the printer will not print.
What can you do to correct the problem?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
41.
Make sure the printer is on line

Replace the AC line fuse
Turn the printer on and off
Replace the ribbon
None of the above
The ATAPI compliance is stands for?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
CDROM
Bus mastering
Mass storage device
All of the above
None of the above
42.
A dialog box with a bomb appears on a Macintosh screen. What type
of problem has occurred?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
A RAM problem
A software problem
A ROM problem
An ADB problem
None of the above
43. Capacitance is measured in units of:

A.
C.
E.
44.
volts B.
amps
farads D.
neutrinos
anti-neutrinos
When not in use, it is very important to keep 5 1/ 4diskettes in _____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Their protective sleeves

In a plastic bag
On a shelf in an upright position
In the floppy drive
None of the above
112 | P a g e
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S.P.SHARMA
45.
What can you use to ensure power is not interrupted, resulting in
corrupted data?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
UPS
Propergrounding
Surge protector
Sag protector
None of the above
46.
A 25-pin female connector on the back of your computer will
typically be:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Serial port 1
A parallel port
Docking
COM2 port
None of the above
47.
In the Binary numbering system, a (1) represents a jumper being
shorted and a (0) represents a jumper being open. On a three-bit jumper
block on a SCSI drive, how would an ID of logical 3 be set?
48.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
_____
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
100
010
011
101
None of the above
help prevent power surges.
Surge suppressor
Spike protector
UPS system
High-grade multi-meter
None of the above
49.
What can you use to ensure power is not interrupted, resulting in
corrupted data?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
50.
UPS
Proper grounding
Surge protector
Nuclear powered thermal protective underwear
None of the above
The POST routine, which counts system board RAM first, is stored in:
A.
B.
C.
D.
RAM
microprocessor
ROM BIOS
CMOS
113 | P a g e
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S.P.SHARMA
E.
8259 POST controller
Answer
Hardware Quiz-1
1.
2.
8.
14.
20.
26.
32.
38.
44.
D
D
B
B
B
A
D
B
3.
9.
15.
21.
27.
33.
39.
45.
A
D
A
A
A
A
C
B
4.
10.
16.
22.
28.
34.
40.
46.
D
B
E
D
D
C
B
A
5.
11.
17.
23.
29.
35.
41.
47.
C
D
C
A
B
B
E
A
6.
12.
18.
24.
30.
36.
42.
48.
A
B
A
E
B
D
D
D
Quiz-2
1.
A
7.
D
13.
D
19.
A
A
31.
B
37.
B
B
49.
C
2.
8.
14.
20.
26.
32.
38.
44.
50.
B
B
C
B
A
C
B
C
C
3.
9.
15.
21.
27.
33.
39.
45.
B
D
C
C
A
A
B
D
4.
10.
16.
22.
28.
34.
40.
46.
B
A
C
E
C
B
D
A
5.
11.
17.
23.
29.
35.
41.
47.
A
B
C
D
C
D
B
A
6.
12.
18.
24.
30.
36.
42.
48.
A
B
A
B
C
C
B
B
Quiz-3
1.
C
7.
B
13.
B
19.
A
B
31.
B
37.
C
C
49.
A
2.
8.
14.
20.
26.
32.
38.
44.
50.
B
C
C
B
D
C
B
A
C
3.
9.
15.
21.
27.
33.
39.
45.
A
C
B
D
C
A
A
A
4.
10.
16.
22.
28.
34.
40.
46.
B
A
E
D
B
A
A
B
5.
11.
17.
23.
29.
35.
41.
47.
C
D
C
B
B
C
C
C
6.
12.
18.
24.
30.
36.
42.
48.
A
D
E
B
D
A
B
A
25.
31.
37.
43.
49.
A
B
B
A
B
B
D
A
D
114 | P a g e
Computer
7.
13.
19.
25.
43.
25.
43.

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S.P.

This Book Covers:1.

Computer Basic & Data Entry

Fundamentals of Computers (for Beginners)

Copyright 2013 S.P. SHARMA

A right reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a

otherwise, without permission in writing from the author.

First edition 2013

Price Rs. 95.00

It is a book valuable for beginners, intermediate and advance users. The

b. processes data Processing

Process is the operation of data as per given instructions. It is totally internal

Hardware = Internal Devices + Peripheral Devices

First Generation (1940-1956) Vacuum Tubes

Second Generation (1956-1963) Transistors

Third Generation (1964-1971) Integrated Circuits

Fourth Generation (1971-Present) Microprocessors

Fifth Generation (Present and Beyond) Artificial Intelligence

Abacus to ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator):

1614 John Napier described logarithms.

1642 Blaise Pascal invented an adding machine; it is the oldest surviving

1673 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz's calculator mechanized multiplica tion as well

1822 Charles Babbage completed a model of the difference engine, a device

1843 Ada Augusta, Countess of Lovelace, published a description of Babbage's

ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator; began construction

UNIVAC - Universal Automatic Computer; A trademark of Unisys corporation;

Konrad Zuse - Z1 Computer

John Atanasoff & Clifford

Spacewar Computer Game

Intel 1103 Computer Memory

Faggin, Hoff & Mazor

Apple Lisa Computer

Apple Macintosh Computer

The first microprocessor.

Major parts of the Computer

CPU=ALU + Registers + Control Unit.

The arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) performs all arithmetic

Any machine capable of representing information from a computer is known

1. Primary memory (main memory)

Pronounced ramm, acronym for random access memory, a type of computer

Acronym for erasable programmable read-only memory, and pronounced ee-prom,

1. Secondary memory (storage devices)

1. Secondary memory (storage devices)

IBM team led by Rey Johnson

It is a non-volatile storage device which stores digitally encoded data on rapidly

Technology Attachment Drive)

IDE/PATA Drives have usually 40 pins.

IDE/PATA Drives offer 133 MB/sec transfer rate.

It sends 8 bit data at a time.

SATA (Serial Advance Technology Attachment Drive)

SATA Drives offers generally 300MB/sec transfer rate.

It sends data bit by bit.

SCSI (Small Computer System Interface Drive)

SCSI Drives have usually 50 to 68 pins.

SCSI Drive offers generally 640MB/sec transfer rate.

These drives are not swappable.

SAS Drives generally offers 805 MB/sec transfer rate.

These drives are not swappable.

B. Optical Disks: CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, DVD-RW

3. Computer Languages & Scripting:

COBOL (COmmon Business Oriented Language), FORTRAN (FORmula

On the basis of working principle