Schema fluxului tehnologic den obtinere

a
alcoolului din porumb
N=1
Cp=2000+20*1=2020 t/an
t
kg
1000
an
t
2020000
kg
=
=280.55
z
h
7200
h
300 24
an
z

2020
P=

Compozitia porumbului prelucrat

Umiditatea u= 10.8+0.1*1=15.8 =>u=10.9%

Amidon
a=56.6+0.1*1=61.6=>a=56.7%
Impuritati imp=2%
Subst uscata su=100-(u+a+imp) =30.4%
n zaharificare 90%
fermentare 90%

Bilantul de materiale
1.RECEPTIE
D0=P=280.55

kg
h

P1=0.1/100 * D0= 0.28

kg
h

kg
D1=D0-P1=280.27 h

2.DEPOZITARE
1

P2=0.1/100 *D1=0.28

D2=D1-P2=280

kg
h

kg
h

3.TRANSPORT

kg
P3=0.1/100*D2=0.28 h

D3=D2-P3=279.72

kg
h

4.PRECURATIRE
P4=0.1/100 * D3=0.28

kg
h

kg
D3-D4=279.72-0.28=279.44 h
Dprec=2/100*(D3-P4)=2/100*279.44=5.58
D4=D3-P4-Dprec=273.85

kg
h

Inainte de precuratire compoz porumb era:

u=10.9%......10.9x=>u=11.12%
a=56.7%....56.7..y=>a=57.85%
imp=2%..........2..0=>imp=0%
su=20.6%......20.6z=>su=31.02%
100
Cp+ip

98

100
Cp-ip

5.CANTARIRE
D5=0.1/100*D4=0.1/100*273.85=0.27

kg
h

D5=D4-P5=273.85-0.27=273.58=>D5=273.58

kg
h

6.MACINARE
P6=0.2/100*D5=0.2/100*273.58=0.54
D6=D5-P6=273.58-0.54=273.04

kg
h

7.FLUIDIZARE
Def=0
Ab7=5*D6=5*273.04=1365.2
P7=0.1/100*D6=0.27

kg
h

D7=D6+Ab7-P7=273.04+1365.2-0.27=1637.97

D7=1637.97

kg
h

D6-P7=273.04-0.27=272.77
u=11.12%....x=30.33kg
a=57.85%...y=157.8kg
3

kg
h

su=31.03%...z=84.64kg
100

272.77

La fluidizare la cele 30.33kg umidit se adauga Ab7

u=30.33+1365.2=1395.53kg..x=85.2%
a=157.8

su=84.64..

y=9.64%

..z=5.16%

1637.97kg

100

8.RACIRE LA 55C
P8=0.1/100*D7=1.63

kg
h

D8=D7-P8=1637.97-1.63=1636.34
9.ZAHARIFICARE
P9=0.1/100*D8=1.63
D8-P9=1634.71

kg
h

n zaharif=90% ceea ce inseamna ca 90% din amidonul continut de dif se va

transforma in zahar
u=85.2%.........x=1392.77kg
a=9.64%.......y=157.58kg
su=5.16%.....z=84.36kg
100

1634.71

Din 100kg amidon 90kg se zaharifica iar 10 kg raman nezaharificata.

Nezaharif 10kg.x=15.75kg
Zaharif

90kg y=141.82kg
4

100

157.58kg

Reactia de zaharificare
CHO + HO CHO
162kg amidon 18kg HO .180kg zahar
141.83.x=15.75H2O...y=157.58 zahar.
Din 157.58 kg amidon o cant de 141.83 kg se va cconsuma si va forma
157.58kg zahar iar diferenta 157.58-141.83=15.75kg amidon va ramane
nedescompus.
In reac se va consuma sio cant de 15.75 kg apa.
Dupa zaharif amestecul va contine:
a=1392.77-15.75=1377.02kg H2O
u=157.58-141.83=15.75 kg amidon nezaharif
su=84.36kg
z=157.58kgzahar formatin react.
D9=D8-P9=1636.34-1.63=1634.71
Det compoz D9
u=1377.02kgx=84.23%
a=15.75kgy=0.96%
su=84.36kg..z=5.18%
z=157.58kg.m=9.63%
1634.71

100

10.RACIRE LA 30C
P10=0.1/100*D9=1.63kg/h
D10=D9-P10=1634.71-1.63=1633.08kg/h

11.INSAMANTARE
P11=0.1/100*D10=1.63
D11=D10-P11=1631.45kg/h

12.RACIRE LA 20C
P12=0.1/100*D11=1.63kg/h
D12=D11-P12=1631.45-1.63=1629.82kg/h

13.FERMENTARE
P13=0.1/100*D12=1.63kg/h
D13=D12-P13=1629.19kg/h

Det compoz cant supuse fermentarii:

u=84.23%....x=1372.26kg
a=0.96%......y=15.64kg
su=5.18%....z=84.39kg
z=9.63%.....m=156.9kg
_____________________
100
90
100

1629.19
*156.9=141.21kg

iar restul de 10%nu fermen

10
100 *156.9=15.69kg

React de transf a zaharului in alcool in CO.

CHO -> 2CH-CH-OH+2CO
180kg zahar..2*46kg alcool etilic.2*44 CO2
141.21

x==72.17

..y=69.04CO2

Compozitia debitulu
Inainte de fermentare

Dupa fermantare

u=1372.26

u=1372.26

a=15.64

a=15.64

su=84.39

su=84.39

z=156.9

zahar
-15.69kg zahar neferment
-72.17kg alcool etilic
-69.04 CO2degajat

Calc comp dupa faza ferment.

D13=D12-P13-DCO=1629.82-1.63-69.04=1559.15
u=1372.26 x=88%
a=15.64..y=1%
su=84.39..z=5.4%
z=15.69.m=1%
ae=72.17..n=4.6%
________________
1559.15

100

14.DISTILARE
P14=0.1/100*D13=0.1/100*1559.15=1.56
7

D13-P14=1559.15-1.56=1557.6KG/H
Compoz cant supusa distilarii
u=88%.....x=1370.7kg
a=1%.......y=15.57kg
su=5.4%...z=84.11kg
z=1%.......m=15.57kg
ae=4.6%....n=71.65kg
_________________
100

1557.6

Determinarea debitului si compozitiei borhotul se face continutul 90%apa si alcool

etilic. In borhot dupa distilare trebuie sa se regasesc su.,amidon, zahar din
amestecul supus distilarii.
su=84.11
a=15.57
z=15.57
________
115.25
10kg ....115.25
90kg apax=1037.25H2O/h
100kg.y borhot=1152.5borhot/h
Calc compoz borhot
su=84.11x=7.3%
a=15.57..y=1.35%
z=15.57z=1.35%
H2O=1037.25..m=90%
____________________
1152.5

100
8

D14=D13-P14-DBT=405.09kg/h
Acest distilat cont intreaga cont de alcool
405.09kg.72.17kg alcool
100kg x=17.81% alcool etilic

15.RAFINARE
In faza de refinare se prelucreaza un alcool de 17.81% cu scop. Obt. Unui alcool
rafinat de 96%.
P15=0.1/100*D14=0.40
Se supun rafinarii D14-P15=405.09-0.40=404.69=>se supun rafinarii 404.69 kg cu
17.81% alcool.
100kg amestec..17.81 kg alcool
404.69

.x=72.07kg alcool

In 100kg amestec dupa rafinare avem 96kg alcool

100kg amestec 96 kg alcool
X=D15=75.07..72.07
Calc debitul de reziduri
Drez=D14-D15-P15=329.62kg

16.STOCARE
P16=0.1/100*D15=0.07
D16=D15-P16=75.07-0.07=75

17.IMBUTELIERE
P17=0.1/100*D16=0.07kg/h
D17=D16-P17=75-0.07=74.94kg/h
Alcoolul se imbuteliaza in sticle de 0.5l
9

0.5alc 96%......1st
75..x=150st/h.

18.DEPOZITARE
P18=0.1/100*D17=0.07kg/h
D18=D17-P18=74.93-0.07=74.86kg/h

19.LIVRARE
P19=0.1/100*D18=0.1/100*74.86=0.07kg/h
D19=D18-P19=74.86-0.07=74.8kg/h
Nr de sticle=149.58/h

10